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1
Hook, Czarnocki Susan A. (Susan Amy) 1942. "Attitudes towards desegregation in the United States 1964-1978". Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61995.
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Altareb, Belkeis Y. "Attitudes towards Muslims : initial scale development". Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063195.
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This investigation examined attitudes towards Middle-Eastern Muslims held by non-Muslim undergraduate students and was conducted in three phases. Phase one explored these attitudes through focus groups and found that although participants had little information about Muslims, they had definite attitudes. Focus group participants reported that Muslim men and women possessed particular characteristics and that much of their information was learned through movies and/or media sources. During phase two of the study, all measures utilized in the present study were examined for reliability of at least .70. In addition, the ATMS was developed from a review of the literature and of focus groups. All measures were shown to be reliable except the cognitive complexity measure. During phase three, factor analyses were conducted to address the validity of the ATMS. A final five-factor, 25-item scale resulted. The five factors were interpreted as Positive Feelings about Muslims, Muslims as Separate or Other, Lack of Personal Choice/Freedom, Fear of Muslims, and Dissimilarity with Muslims. Correlation analyses supported initial evidence of construct validity. A discussion of the results and its implications are provided.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Berg, Justin Allen. "Attitudes toward immigrants and immigration policy". Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/j_berg_030110.pdf.
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Gray, Elizabeth Kelly. "American attitudes toward British imperialism, 1815--1860". W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623404.
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This dissertation explores American attitudes toward British imperialism between 1815 and 1860 to determine what Americans thought of imperialism before the United States became an imperial power. It addresses the debate of whether the United States's acquisition of an empire in the 1890s was intentional or was, as many historians have characterized it, an accidental acquisition by a people long opposed to empire. This study also explores the benefits of incorporating American culture and society into the study of American imperialism.;This era connects the time when Americans re-established their independence from Great Britain---with the War of 1812---to the eve of the Civil War, which solved the sectional crisis and thus put the nation in a position to pursue overseas expansion unimpeded. America changed rapidly during this era. New Protestant denominations challenged the church's authority, industrialization made workplaces more hierarchical and caused greater awareness of class, and a print revolution brought many more Americans into the reading public.;During the era under review, many Americans commented on episodes throughout the British empire. their views on issues including religion, war, and slavery strongly influenced their attitudes toward foreign events. Meanwhile, the often sketchy nature of accounts from abroad enabled writers to accept some accounts and doubt others.;The variety of American experiences partly explains the varying attitudes toward imperialism. Many Americans praised the British for spreading Protestant Christianity, a rigorous work ethic, and British governance, and for bringing new producers and consumers into international trade. They tended to accept the means to these ends, such as high mortality among natives and British suppression of native insurrections. But others lambasted the British for introducing diseases, weapons, and alcohol that decimated native populations and for reaping profits by exploiting natives.;Almost all Americans agreed that the British imperial system was flawed, but few concluded that imperialism was inherently wrong or unworkable. Although most considered the acquisition of a territorial empire unnecessary, they believed that a commercial American empire could benefit all parties involved.
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Erarslan, Mustafa Cenk. "Attitudes of international students in higher education: Implications for educators". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2764.
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The purpose of this study was to determine international students satisfaction with regards to the education, services, and facilities at an institution of higher education. Results showed that most of the students were satisfied with the quality of programs at their institution.
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Lesselbaum, Jenny E. "A study of environmental reporters' attitudes toward the stories they cover". Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1277063.
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This study examined environmental reporters and their attitudes toward the stories they cover. Sixteen journalists, from across the United States, who reported either full-time or part-time were asked to participate in a Q study by sorting fifty-four statements. On an 11point distribution grid from most disagree (-5) to most agree (+5).The statements were selected from a model of short term and long-term problems facing the environmental reporter. Issues raised in the statements included topics surrounding the beat. For example, do journalists who report on the environment feel frustrated by the short-term vision of reporting? Do they feel they are watchdogs for their community when reporting about environmental issues?Research revealed three factors that were labeled the "Watchdogs", the "Company People," and the "Frustrated Reporter." This study revealed that environmental reporting has emerged into a legitimate "beat" in the past thirty years. There is also a large gap between scholarly research has found and what the environmental reporter faces on a day-to-day basis while out in the field.Department of Journalism
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Plesa, Claudia. "Race, Ethnicity and Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Unions in the United States". PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/242.
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Recent political and cultural trends have led to an evaluation of the meaning of marriage within American society, and especially marriage as it concerns couples of the same sex. However, little research has been done to find out how attitudes toward same-sex marriage might vary according to race and ethnicity. Drawing on data from the 2004 National Politics Study, the author investigates same-sex marriage attitudes and tests hypotheses concerning the attitudes of various American race-ethnic groups. This study employs multinomial logistic regression analysis to compare attitudes of African Americans, Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. Results indicate that even when socio demographic factors such as education and gender are controlled for, ethnic groups still differ in their attitudes toward this topic. Analyses also indicate that the relationship between race/ethnicity and attitudes toward same-sex unions does not vary by gender and that foreign birth explains the relationship between Hispanic ethnicity and attitudes toward same-sex marriage.
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O'Bryhim, Jason. "Public knowledge, attitudes, and behavior towards sharks and shark conservation". Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4571.
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Thesis (M.S.)--George Mason University, 2009.Vita: p. 127. Thesis director: Chris Parsons. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Science and Policy. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 11, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-126). Also issued in print.
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Richert, Jennifer Kathleen. "Changing attitudes Congressional rhetoric, race, & educational inequalities /". CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-07182007-152948/.
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Moser, Chris A. "An analysis of studies on attitudes toward mandatory continuing professional education in 16 selected professions". Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/468244.
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The primary purpose of the study was to determine if a parenting program would affect the reading achievement scores of single-parent children. Secondary purposes were to determine if male and female students were affected differently and if middle school students were affected differently than elementary students.Ninety-three students from a rural school district in northern Shelby County, Indiana, were identified to participate in the program. Forty-seven experimental children, were instructed in the parenting program twenty-one weeks, twenty-five minutes, two times a week. Forty-seven control students remained in the classroom.Multivariate analysis of covariance was done to test the null hypotheses. The criterion for rejecting or retaining the null hypothesis was set at the .05 level of probability.Data collected from the pre- and post-test reading scores of the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills, the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale, the Martinek-Zaichkowsky Self-Conce t Scale for Children, and the Behavioral Characteristics of Single-Parent Children Checklist were analyzed. Findings were:1. There was not a significant difference between experimental and control groups or gender;however, the following differences did exist:a. The experimental group scored higher in reading than the control group, with the exception of the lower grade control females, who scored higher than the experimental lower grade females.b. The females of both groups had higher gain scores than the males.2. There was a significant difference at the .05 level in reading for the variable grade with lower grade students making larger positive gains than the upper grade students.3. There were significant differences in self-concept between the control and experimental groups in the area of anxiety, school status, happiness and athletics.a. The lower grade experimental, upper grade control, and male students (of both groups) were less anxious.b. The lower grade students felt better about school and were happier than the upper grade students.c. The second grade control group felt more confident about ability in athletics than the experimental group.4. The teachers perceived the experimental students as needing less discipline, having higher general achievement and better reading comprehension. Conclusions based on the findings were: 1. The group or the gender did not make a significant difference:a. However, the upper grade experimental group did perform better than the upper grade control group.b. The lower control females performed better than the lower grade experimental females, but the lower grade experimental males out performed the lower grade males in comprehension.2. The lower grade students performed significantly better than the upper grade students in reading vocabulary and comprehension.3. The lower grade experimental students, the upper grade control students and the male students were significantly less anxious.4. The lower grade students felt significantly better about school than the upper grade students.5. Teachers perceptions of experimental students were higher in classroom behavior, general achievement, and reading comprehension.
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Shortle, Allyson F. "Threatened American Identity and Hostile Immigration Attitudes in the United States". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339696609.
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Sorenson, Robert Randall. "Attitudes and actions of affirmative action". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/608.
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Lupo, Amber K. "Moral obligation and motivation to control prejudice mediate the relationship between egalitarianism and prejudice-related personal standards". Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397656.
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This study investigated low- and high-prejudice whites' personal standards for prejudiced behavior toward African-Americans, gays and lesbians, and Arab-Americans. Using structural equation modeling, the study examined whether feelings of moral obligation, internal motivation to respond without prejudice, and concern with acting prejudiced each mediate the relationship between egalitarianism as defined as equality of opportunity and personal standards. Because the low-prejudice groups uniformly demonstrated non-prejudiced personal standards, the proposed models could not be fit for these groups. Across the high-prejudice groups, however, results indicated that the mediating models demonstrated only fair to poor fit. Moreover, the fit of two alternative models were evaluated; a discussion of theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.Department of Psychological Science
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Wulfsberg, Cal Douglas. "College athletic department administrators' attitudes toward college student athletes and their academic and athletic success". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184831.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of college athletic department administrators (athletic directors, faculty representatives, football coaches, and basketball coaches) toward the athletic and academic achievement of student athletes and to compare administrators' perceptions with those of student athletes (NCAA, 1988). The review of literature discussed the history and development of the NCAA, college admission predictors, standardized tests, involvement of high schools in academic preparation of student athletes, and the NCAA legislation of Propositions 48 and 42. Additionally, programs which satisfy the needs and validate the credibility of student athletes and educational institutions are suggested. A questionnaire was designed to measure the attitudes of college athletic department administrators toward the academic and athletic accomplishments of student athletes. The results were then compared to a similar study completed by the NCAA (1988) on student athletes' attitudes toward these issues. The findings revealed significant group differences among athletic directors, faculty representatives, football coaches, and basketball coaches and significant comparative differences between the two studies. The data indicated that the responses of athletic directors and faculty representatives were often similar, as were those of football and basketball coaches. On questions that supported academics, athletic directors and faculty representatives were much more sympathetic than coaches. When the question promoted athletic concepts, coaches were more supportive than athletic directors or faculty representatives. When an issue involved both academics and athletics, the gap was reduced but athletic directors and faculty representatives showed stronger support than coaches. Comparison of the two studies confirmed strong opposition by athletes to questions on athletic eligibility. Student athletes were consistently negative on any issue threatening their eligibility, whereas athletic department administrators were generally supportive. When academic questions were addressed, student athletes were supportive though not as positive in their responses as athletic department administrators. Many of the responses and comparisons were anticipated and emulated recent research.
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Holtz, Pamela M. "Personality and Mental Health Attitudes Among US Army ROTC Cadets". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700103/.
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With the current military mental health crisis, it is important to understand the role of the leader in military mental health. First, the impact of military leader behaviors on the well-being of military personnel is reviewed. Next, the role of leader attitudes as a precursor to leader behaviors is discussed. The relation of leader behaviors to leader personality using the NEO Five Factor Model (FFM) is reviewed, as well as the relation of prejudicial attitudes to the NEO FFM personality factors. A research project is described that attempted to draw these concepts together, assessing the NEO FFM personality dimensions and mental health attitudes of US Army ROTC cadets, the future leaders of the US Army. No significant relations were observed between NEO FFM personality traits and mental health attitudes, even after controlling for Impression Management. Also, the predicted positive correlation between positive mental health attitudes and Impression Management was not found. These results suggest that more research and more refined measures are needed in the area of leader attitudes toward soldier mental health problems, and how those attitudes might impact the soldiers.
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Ikehara, Elizabeth Slack. "A Comparison of Socio-Political Attitudes of Older Urban Women: The 1910-1924 Cohorts". PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1342.
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The central theme of this study is that because of the changing life styles and the macro-events which occurred after World War I these years were a watershed. The women born in the three five-year cohorts from 1910 through 1924 were at different stages of maturity and awareness as particular economic and political events occurred. The social and political climates were different for each of these cohorts of women. Therefore there would be discernible differences in attitudes and opinions among the cohorts. A literature review indicated three models for the formation of social attitudes and political opinions. The "Personality Types" is based on the premise that attitudes formed early in life remain fixed. The "Aging/Conservative" model considers that attitudes become increasingly conservative as the person ages. This study, however, was based on the "Historical Change" model. Beliefs and attitudes may change in response to personal experiences throughout the life course. Four research questions were developed. 1. How have macro-events affected the life experiences of women in these cohorts? 2. How have social pressures affected their experiencing of employment, matrimony, and motherhood? 3. How do the opinions of women in these three cohorts with regard to social and political issues differ and change? 4. Can differences of opinions among the women of the three cohorts be traced to dissimilarities in life experiences? Census data literature was researched to provide background documentation on technological and demographic changes in the United States during the 20th century. Questions for cohort comparisons were selected from the National Opinion Research Council Surveys of 1972 through 1989. These considered individual and family demographics, labor force participation, social attitudes, and political orientation. For the 2,814 respondents analysis was done by five-year cohorts to determine differences and by six-year periods to point out trends. Both ANOVA and Chi-square were used to verify statistical significance. Focus group sessions, with 41 participants, met at senior centers and housing units in the Portland metropolitan area. A questionnaire completed by each participant confirmed that the focus group demographics corresponded to those of the national sample. Individual life experience time lines provided material for opening the discussion. Other discussion topics were based on differences noted among the three cohorts in the NORC data analysis. These were in the areas of education, work experience, family life patterns, political orientation, and attitudes toward societal changes. A brief finding for each research question follows. 1. NORC data indicated that each successive cohort held increasingly liberal sociopolitical opinions, and that women of all three cohorts became less conservative over the years. The focus group participants related these changes to specific macro-events in their life experiences. 2. Focus group discussions disclosed that the 1910-1914 cohort realized later in life that societal pressure had limited their educational achievement. Women of the 1915-19 cohort came to understand that their acceptance of the homemaker role was somewhat based on societal expectations. The 1920-24 cohort were aware that discrimination in the work arena was based on societal norms of the time. 3. Analysis of both NORC data and opinions expressed in the focus groups indicated that each successive cohort was increasingly broadminded and tolerant. 4. The women participating in the focus groups exhibited an awareness of the differential effects of life experiences. They specified the effects of macro-events (chiefly the Great Depression), education, mobility, and workforce participation. This research has tentatively confirmed that a generational watershed occurred for women born before World War I and those born after. As the women of the 1910 through 1924 cohorts matured they experienced differing social and political climates. This resulted in cohort differences. Further investigation may reveal more precise cohort boundaries for the 1910 through 1924 years. It should be remembered also that cohort boundaries for men may not coincide with those of women.
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Pattershall, Jennifer. "Promotion, Prevention, and Politics: Linking Regulatory Focus to Political Attitudes and Ideology". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PattershallJ2008.pdf.
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Decoo, Ellen. "Changing Attitudes Toward Homosexuality in the United States from 1977 to 2012". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4091.
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Support for civil rights for gays and lesbians has been increasing nationally. Changes in attitudes may be due not only to the influence of younger, more progressive cohorts, but also to the influence of other factors such as education, religious attendance, political identity, and attitudes toward women's roles. This thesis utilized General Social Survey data from 1977 to 2012 and examined changes in response to attitudinal questions regarding civil rights for gays and lesbians, as well as demographic factors predictive of changing attitudes. Between 1977 and 2012, attitudes became more accepting of civil rights for homosexuals in the United States. Results from multivariate regression models indicate that younger birth cohorts are more accepting of civil rights for gays and lesbians, as are those with higher education. Higher tolerance of non-traditional roles for women is associated with the support of civil rights for gays and lesbians. In addition, religious attendance is negatively associated with acceptance of civil rights for homosexuals, whereas political identity has no association.
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Ko, Kwangman, Lawrence Ganong, Youngjin Kang i Ashton Chapman. "Attitudes about Child Support Payments in the United States and South Korea". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2966.
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Birke, Chris. "Attitudes of public school superintendents toward student press freedom in states with and states without student press freedom laws". Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1137669.
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This study gauged how superintendents of six states view student press freedom. This study focused on two sets of superintendents. In one set, the superintendents were in states that had passed student freedom laws. The second set of superintendents were in states that had no freedom laws, meaning school administrators had the right to censor school publications. The data strongly suggests that superintendents in states with freedom laws were less likely to favor censorship. However, both sets of superintendents appeared to favor administrative control.Department of Journalism
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May, Melissa M. "Whites opposition to race targeted policies : the effects of racial attitudes and self-interest". Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1293375.
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This study examined the effects of white's opposition to race targeted policies. Using the 1998 General Social Survey this paper investigated self-interest and racial attitudes theories to help explain levels of opposition to giving government aid to blacks, preference in hiring blacks and the amount of assistance given to blacks. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Logit, and Ordered Logit regression models are used to test these two theories of white's opposition. The self-interest hypothesis states that whites who have higher levels of self-interest are less likely to support race targeted policies. Findings do not have strong support for the self-interest hypothesis. However, the racial attitudes hypothesis, which states whites who believe that African Americans' have lower levels of ability are less likely to support race targeted policies, was supported. Based on this study's findings; individuals who possess racist attitudes are more likely to oppose race based policies than self-interest attitudes.Department of Sociology
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Biernat, Kathy Ann. "The Knowledge and Attitudes of Dental Hygiene Students: Smokeless Tobacco". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500273/.
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The use of smokeless tobacco products is increasing among teenagers and young adults in the United States. Community health professionals play a vital role in educating the public about these products, and in this regard the dental hygienist is of critical importance. This study evaluated the knowledge and attitudes towards smokeless tobacco among a representative sample of dental hygiene students in the United States. The dental hygiene schools were divided into six geographical regions and a total of 34 schools and 722 students participated. Seniors were found to score significantly higher than non-seniors both in knowledge and attitude. Furthermore, some significant differences in attitude were discovered between regions. In general, students scored poorly on both knowledge and attitude despite reporting having received classroom instruction on smokeless tobacco.
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Austin, Patricia B. "The relationship between failure rates, discipline referrals, and teacher attitudes toward classroom management". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1991. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2087.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between teacher attitude and student failure rate, teacher attitude and teacher discipline referrals, and teacher discipline referrals and student failure rate.
Twenty Atlanta Public School teachers were selected to participate in the study. Consideration for selection was made on the basis of teacher discipline referrals, exemplary classroom management, and low and high failure rate.
Data were compiled for each teacher in three areas, namely, teacher attitude, the number of discipline referrals and their failure rates for one semester. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was the statistical procedure used to analyze data.
The findings of this study indicated that there was no significant correlation between teacher attitude and discipline referrals; between teacher attitude and failure rate. However, the study did conclude that there was a significant positive correlation between student failure rate and discipline referrals.
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Adriansen, David J. "Workplace Violence Prevention Training: An Analysis of Employees' Attitudes". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4798/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine employees' attitudes and perceptions toward the effectiveness of workplace violence prevention training within a U.S. Government service agency with 50 offices located in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the phenomenon of workplace violence, the movement toward prevention programs and policies and the implementation of prescreening processes during hiring and violence prevention training. Chapter 2 contains a thorough review of pertinent literature related to violence prevention training and the impact of occupational violence on organizations. This topic was worthy of research in an effort to make a significant contribution to training literature involving organizational effectiveness due to the limited amount of research literature covering the area of corporate violence prevention training and its effect on modifying attitudes and behaviors of its customers. The primary methodology involved the assessment of 1000 employees concerning their attitudes and perceptions toward the effectiveness of workplace violence prevention training. The research population were administered a 62 item online assessment with responses being measured, assessed, and compared. Significant differences were found calling for the rejection of the three study hypotheses. Chapter 4 described the findings of the population surveyed and recommendations were identified in Chapter 5.
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Sputa, Cheryl L. "Student perceptions of parent-adolescent closeness and communication about sexuality : relations with sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors". Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063211.
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Both educators and parents are concerned with how best to shape sexual development because of the myriad personal and social complications that can occur for adolescents along with becoming sexually active. Many variables have been shown individually to influence sexuality. Of specific interest in this study was parent-adolescent closeness and communication about sexuality. Past research has found parental communication about sexuality and parent-adolescent closeness individually to have a positive impact on adolescent sexuality. However, other studies have found no relation between parent-adolescent communication about sexuality and sexual outcomes. Still others have suggested that the combination of the two variables may have the most significant influence on adolescent sexuality. The main goal of this study was to see if a combination of parent-adolescent closeness and parental communication about sexuality was more strongly related to adolescent sexual knowledge, attidudes, and behaviors than either communication or closeness alone. Participants were 157 boys and girls in the ninth through twelfth grades from two suburban high schools in the midwest: Questionnaire measures of adolescents' perceptions were used. Canonical correlation analyses revealed two significant combinations of variables. First, age and maternal and paternal communication were significantly related to sexual behavior and sexual knowledge. Specifically, younger age and less maternal and paternal communication were related to less sexual behavior and less sexual knowledge. Second, gender, age, and maternal communication were significantly related to less sexual knowledge and more conservative sexual attitudes. Specifically, being younger and female and receiving less maternal communication was related to less sexual knowledge and more conservative attitudes. Four important findings are evident in these results. Implications for interpretation and future research are discussed.Department of Educational Psychology
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Chapman, Brian G. "Minority faculty recruitment in community colleges : Commitment, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of chief academic officers /". Thesis, Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008257.
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Sidelnick, Daniel John. "A study of the relationship of several variables on the political attitudes of adolescents". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71184.
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This study investigated the influence of three variables on current political attitudes of secondary school adolescents at two suburban-rural high schools in the northern Virginia area. Ability, grade level, and sex were examined to determine their influence on attitude measures essential to the develoµnent of citizenship within the social studies curriculum. The Freedans Scale, Law Scale and Dogmatism Field Scale were administered to a random sample of 180 ninth and twelfth grade adolescents which was equally divided between male and female subjects. The sample was further divided by ability levels (low, average, and high) which were selected by SRA subtest scores in reading, math, language arts, and educational ability. Significant findings were discerned using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), and chi-square analysis. Group and individual differences were examined for each of the independent variables studied as they affected the dependent measures of political attitudes.
One three-way and three two-way interactions were tested using the MANOVA. Only one interaction (ability by grade) was significant at the .05 level on the Dogmatism Scale. It was concluded that an increase in grade and ability levels effect lower scores on the Dogmatism Field Scale. Lower dogmatism scores effect an increase in support for the fundamental freedoms embodied in the Freedoms Scale.
Sex, as a variable, was the only main effect that did not interact with ability level or grade. The mean scores of the females in the study were slightly higher than the mean scores of the males on both the Freedoms Scale and the Law Scale. These results indicated a greater support for the fundamental freedoms embodied in the Freedoms Scale and a greater respect for the law and government officials for females over males.
Separate chi-square analysis of the individual responses to the questions on the Freedoms Scale and the Iaw Scale indicated a total of 21 items from the scales significantly related to ability and 17 items significantly related to grade or sex. No identifiable pattern was discernable which could be generalized into a group description of adolescent support or non-support for combinations of the various items.
Curricular approaches were suggested to improve citizenship instruction in the area of political socialization and recommendations were made for future research.Ed. D.
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Murimi, Mary W. "Infant feeding practices and attitudes of selected Kenyan mothers in the United States /". View online, 1992. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998881009.pdf.
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Prince, Hugh Counsell. "A historical geography of changing attitudes to wetlands in the United States Midwest". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243782.
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Roy, Oindrila. "EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF FAITH ON FOREIGN POLICY ATTITUDES IN THE UNITED STATES". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1416593434.
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Rondon, de Nunez Leonor Mariasole. "United States and Venezuelan high school students' knowledge of and attitudes towards biodiversity". Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000rondonl.pdf.
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Johnson, Catherine L. "Service Matters: The Influence of Military Service on Political Behavior, Ideology and Attitudes". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30475/.
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The objective of this research is to explore the influence of military service on political behaviors and attitudes. Existing studies of the military have long recognized the existence of a predominantly conservative political ideology with a resulting propensity for strong Republican Party support within the military community, but have failed to explain the likely causal mechanism for this. Drawing on multiple sources of data from the 2008 Presidential election cycle, I utilized a descriptive analysis of campaign contribution data and bivariate and multivariate analyses of data from the 2008 Military Times Survey and the 2008 American National Election Survey. Much of the data also permitted me to analyze the effect of an individual's service branch on their attitudes as well. I examined the behavior and attitudes of the military across several dimensions, including candidate support and positions on policies of particular relevance to the military, including the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. This analysis found that people who serve in the military tend to be conservative but in many ways their political attitudes are reflective of those of the general population. An individual's race, ethnicity and gender appear to have more influence than military factors, with the exception of service in the Marine Corps, on ideology, partisan identification and policy preferences.
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Minton, Tamara Warner. "Male Socialization Experience in Two Birth Cohorts". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279402/.
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The purpose of this research was twofold; a quantitative examination of male socialization patterns along with an assessment of change over time in male socialization experiences. Men born in the 1950s and men born in the 1970s were compared to obtain an understanding of male socialization processes and possible changes since feminist issues have become a prevalent source of discourse in society. A survey questionnaire was utilized with a modified snowball sampling technique to explore male socialization experience. One hundred and one men participated in the project. Socialization experience for the men in this sample was five dimensional and while certain dimensions revealed change over time, others remained static. Findings indicate that quantitative measures can be successfully employed to study socialization processes.
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Tang, Ruey-Er. "Computer utilization in interior design: designer attitudes, function application, and equipment usage". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45658.
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This research investigated the extent of computer usage in the interior design profession including attitudes toward computers, computer applications, and computer equipment usage. A questionnaire was sent to five hundred professional members of the American Society of Interior Designers across the nation.
The frequency distribution was used on 169 usable data to describe the sample background characteristics and to determine the computer equipment utilization. Means and TV test were employed to examine if a significant difference of opinion toward computers existed between designers based on experience on computers, size of organizations, and type of projects.
Findings which were statistically significant indicated that computer-experienced and non-residential interior designers had more positive attitudes toward computers. More computers had been incorporated into non-residential interior designersâ offices. Overall, interior designers from various backgrounds had the same opinion in believing that computers were not cost-effective for drafting application for most interior designers or for their own establishments at present. The most popular computer applications in this study were billing, accounting, financial management, specification, and business correspondence. Furthermore, the IBM personal computer was found to be the most used microcomputer in this study.
Master of Science
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Zhang, Naijian. "Acculturation and counseling expectancies : Asian international students' attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help". Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1125367.
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Coming to the United States, international students face numerous cross-cultural adjustment difficulties. Asian international students have had the most cross-cultural difficulties among all international students. Helping Asian international students deal with their life stress has become a challenge for American counselors and psychologists.Studies on the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help have been done primarily with African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Asian Americans. As the population of Asian international students increases, it becomes important that the attitudes of Asian international students toward seeking professional psychological help be examined. The present study examined the relationship between Asian international students' levels of acculturation and their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. In addition, this study explored the relationships between Asian international students' levels of acculturation and their recognition of need for psychotherapeutic help, their stigma tolerance, their interpersonal openness, and their confidence in mental health practitioners.One hundred and seventy Asian international students from one Midwestern university and one Northeastern university participated in this study. Participants completed two questionnaires and a demographic profile sheet: (1) the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale-International (SL-ASIA-I); (2) the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (ATSPPHS); and (3) the demographic sheet which included country of origin, religious beliefs, plans/intentions to stay in U.S., the length of time in the U.S., previous therapy experiences, age, gender, education, major, marital status, and children. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) There was a significant relationship between Asian international students' acculturation levels and their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help; (2) The higher levels of acculturation the Asian international students had, the more positive their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict Asian international students' attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help.As was expected, a significant relationship between Asian international students' levels of acculturation and their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help was observed. In addition, significant correlations were perceived between Asian international students' levels of acculturation and their stigma tolerance and their confidence in mental health practitioners. Discussions of these findings and limitations and recommendations for future research were presented.Department of Secondary, Higher, and Foundations of Education
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Gray, Elizabeth Kelly. ""Passage to More Than India": American Attitudes toward British Imperialism in the 1850s". W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626188.
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Gravelle, Timothy B. "Proximity, politics and policy attitudes in the North American context". Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/15930/.
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The study of mass public opinion and political behaviour has developed a substantial corpus of theoretical claims and empirical results linking political, attitudinal and demographic variables to different policy attitudes. Still, the research literature has, to date, paid scant attention to how space – that is, proximity and distance to salient geographic features – influences policy attitudes. Research in political behaviour has long proceeded as though policy attitudes among mass publics ‚come from nowhere.‛ The unifying argument of the four articles comprising this thesis is that mass public opinion does indeed come from somewhere: spatial dynamics matter for policy attitudes in a variety of domains. The articles develop the argument that spatial proximity to geographic features act as an indirect measure of intergroup contact, localized knowledge, issue awareness, and issue salience. The articles deal with three substantive topics: the Canada–United States relationship, attitudes toward energy transportation infrastructure, and attitudes toward immigration policy. Specifically, the thesis draws on survey data to investigate: (1) the mutual perceptions of the Canadian and American publics, (2) Canadian attitudes toward North American integration, (3) attitudes toward the Keystone XL pipeline in the United States, and (4) American attitudes toward illegal immigration. The major finding in each article is an interactive relationship between proximity and political attitudes: depending on the political context, proximity serves to either amplify or mute the effects of political party identification or ideology on policy attitudes. An innovative aspect of this research is the integration of spatial data through geocoding (appending latitude–longitude coordinates to) respondent-level data and calculating distances to relevant geographic features (e.g., the Canada–United States border, oil pipelines and the United States–Mexico border).
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Khong, Regina. "Vietnamese American attitudes toward intercultural and interracial marriage". Scholarly Commons, 2005. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/626.
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The purpose of this thesis was to examine the attitudes of Vietnamese Americans towards Vietnamese interracial marriages. It also sought to extend previous research in this field and incorporate insights regarding the literature of Vietnamese, Vietnamese- American, and American culture to the literature that addresses the question of interracial marriage. The research question of this paper was, "What are the attitudes of Vietnamese Americans toward interracial marriage between Vietnamese Americans and other races?"
The methodology used was a self-administered anonymous questionnaire given to a limited group of Vietnamese participants in California to gather their views on this subject. The results suggest that the Vietnamese surveyed are more accepting of interracial marriages than the literature would suggest.
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Edemobi, Francis A. "Social adjustment problems of Nigerian students in land-grant universities in the United States". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74732.
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One purpose of this study was to identify the social adjustment problems experienced by Nigerian students in land-grant universities in the United States. A second purpose was to predict the severity of these problems with age, sex, marital status, English language proficiency, ownership of transportation, academic status, previous international experience, duration of stay in the United States, and the source of financial support.
A questionnaire of 28 items was sent to a sample of 500 Nigerian students in land-grant universities in the United States. Out of these 500, a usable return of 337 (67.4%) was realized. A factor analysis was applied to these 26 items, 8nd six factors were extracted (feelings of discrimination, feelings of belonging, establishing relationships, feelings of adequacy, feelings of loneliness, and absence of home news). The mean, standard deviation, and rank for each item were calculated. In addition regression equations were calculated in studying the relationship between the severity of the problems and students' demographic descriptions.
Major findings were:
1. Out of the 28 problems identified in the questionnaire, there were seventeen problems which elicited high concern and eleven areas which elicited low concern.
2. Students with less English language proficiency, with no transportation, with longer duration of stay in the United States, and undergraduates tended to identify discrimination as a greater problem.
3. Those with less English language proficiency, those with no transportation, females, and those that are married or single living without a spouse or intimate friend tended to identify feelings of belonging as a greater problem.
4. Students with less English language proficiency, with no transportation, females, self-supported students, those with longer duration of stay in the United States, and undergraduates tended to identify feelings of adequacy as a greater problem.
5. Students with less English language proficiency, with no transportation, with longer duration of stay in the United States, younger, and self-supported students tended to identify establishing relationships as a greater problem.
6. The younger, undergraduates, females, and married or single students living without a spouse or intimate friend tended to identify feelings of loneliness as a greater problem.
7. The older, self-supported students, undergraduates, and those with longer duration of stay in the United States tended to identify absence of news from home as a greater problem.Ed. D.
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Brookover, Robert. "The resurgence of traditional building trades in the United States". Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231400.
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The last quarter of the twentieth century has seen a dramatic growth of interest in the preservation of historic structures. With this has developed the need to bring back many trades that had declined after World War II. Within the past twenty to thirty years these traditional building trades, which are so vitally needed to accurately restore, recreate, preserve, and adaptively reuse these structures, have become a valuable component of the preservation infrastructure. I have elected to study the careers and historically significant work of tradespersons in two selected regions of the United States, in order to illustrate the resurgence of the traditional building trades on a national level. The focus of this work centers on the careers of a group of craftsmen, from their early beginnings in the trades, to their current status as having earned an identity as a professional in their field. Themes appear from the various stages of their careers. These themes are evaluated through different literature published on this subject and through the formation of trade schools and organizations.Department of Architecture
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Saritmuthakul, Natsuda. "Female sports endorsement and attitudes toward brands and advertisements". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2861.
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Kim, Ye Jung. "Hierarchy Attenuating/Enhancing Organizational Environments and Intergroup Attitudes: Relationship of Racism, Classism, and Sexism in Multiracial and Monoracial Churches of the United States". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4956/.
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As Yancey (2003) has pointed out, the intentional character of racially integrated churches tends to lessen the social distance between Whites and minorities. The purpose of this study is to examine how racially hierarchy-attenuating and hierarchy-enhancing environments affect classism and sexism attitudes among congregations. The finding shows that multiracial churches promote H-A environment for class and race diversity, but not for gender equality. The class and race diversity is affected by organizational structure; on the other hand, gender equality is influenced by theologies. This study finds the answers to this discrepancy from the effect of biblical teachings on classist and sexist attitudes and the cumulative effect of structured domination of women.
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Leek, Patricia A. "Pre-Service Teachers' Attitudes Toward Language Diversity". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2629/.
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This study examines pre-service teachers' attitudes toward language diversity and linguistically diverse students. Two hundred seventy-one teacher education students were surveyed to determine relative effects of demographic, mediating variables and psychosocial variables on language attitude as measured by the Language Attitudes of Teachers Scale (LATS). Independent variables include gender, age, race/ethnicity, teacher certification sought, region, psychological insecurity, cognitive sophistication, and helpfulness viewpoint. Research questions are established and methodology is outlined. A review of related literature places the study in the context of research with a broad interdisciplinary perspective and then links the study to other research relevant to the field of education. The findings of the study indicate that gender, race/ethnicity, teacher certification sought, political ideology, psychological insecurity, and cognitive sophistication contribute significantly to the variation found in attitude toward language diversity. The paper concludes with analyses and discussions of the significant variables and suggestions for application in teacher preparation.
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Malinajdovska, Ljubica Blaze. "THE ACCULTURATION OF MACEDONIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1164919385.
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Holtz, Pamela M. "Co-Occurrence of Rape Myth Acceptance and Intolerant Attitudes in a Military Sample". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062855/.
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Sexual trauma within the military is a widespread issue, and rape myth acceptance has been shown to contribute to its prevalence. Given that the military culture has been shown to lend itself to hypermasculinity and traditional gender role adherence, both of which facilitate aggression toward women, this effect warrants investigation within a military sample. The present study replicated and expanded upon Aosved and Long's (2006) study examining 85 veteran and active duty military members' responses on the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, Attitudes Toward Women Scale (short form), Neosexism Scale, Male Role Norms Inventory (short form), Modern and Old Fashioned Racism Scale, Modern Homophobia Scale, a modified version of the Economic Belief Scale, Fraboni Scale of Ageism, Religious Intolerance Scale, and the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale (short form). Findings provide support for the co-occurrence of rape myth acceptance with intolerant attitudes, including sexism, hypermasculine gender role ideology, racism, sexual prejudice, classism, ageism, and religious intolerance, both individually and collectively. These results provide insight into the functioning of intolerant attitudes within a military sample, and provide important insight for future research addressing the association between rape myth acceptance and rape proclivity and the perpetration of military sexual assault.
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Look, Christine T. "White racial identity : its relationship to cognitive complexity and interracial contact". Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063213.
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This study was conducted in two parts. In the first part, two assumptions presented in Janet Helms' White Racial Identity (WRI) development model (1990) were tested. First, Helms theorized that one's stage of WRI development is positively related to increased cognitive complexity achievement and suggests that later stages require greater complexity. A second assumption of Helms' theory was that continued interracial contact is essential for advancement in WRI stage development. Part one of this study examined the relationship of cognitive complexity and interracial contact (both formal and informal) to WRI, and the relationship between cognitive complexity and interracial contact as they relate to WRI.Part two of this study consisted of a factor analysis of Helms' WRI measure followed by a second set of analyses examining the relationship between the new obtained factors with contact and cognitive complexity. This analysis allowed a comparison to be made between Helms' 5 WRI stages and the obtained factor solution from the factor analysis. It also allowed a comparison of the relationship between the stages and cognitive complexity and contact and the obtained factor solution and these same variables.Three hundred and sixty eight White undergraduates completed Helms' White Racial Identity Attitude Scale, a 4 x 6 Repertory Grid, measuring cognitive complexity in social settings, and an interracial contact measure, including a measure of both formal and informal types of contact. Results of part one of the analyses indicated that neither cognitive complexity nor cognitive complexity x contact were significantly related to WRI scores. However, contact was significantly related to WRI scores. WRI stage two was positively related and WRI stage four was negatively related to scores on formal contact. Stage 4 was negatively related and stages 2 and 3 were positively related to scores on informal contact.The results of part two indicated again that neither cognitive complexity nor cognitive complexity x contact were significantly related to the obtained WRI factors. However, contact once again was significant. The factor analysis produced a 5 factor solution that while similar in theme and number to the 5 stages, nonetheless indicated a different relationship with contact scores than the stages did. Factor 3 (representing stage 4) was positively related and factor 4 (representing stages 2 and 3) was negatively related to formal contact scores. However, factor 3 (representing stage 4) was positively related and factor 4 (representing stages 2 and 3) were negatively related to scores on informal contact. There were discrepancies across the two parts of the study as to the stages and direction of the relationships between interracial contact (formal and informal) and WRI scores. Some of these results were in opposite directions than either the theory or study expected.These discrepancies are dealt with in chapter 5.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Watson, Warren E. "A national study of high school principals and their attitudes regarding the First Amendment : a comparative analysis of 2004 and 2007". Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397655.
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This study provides a comparative analysis of attitudes of high school principals toward the First Amendment in the schoolplace in 2004 and 2007. It builds on the seminal work done in 2004 by Connecticut researchers Ken Dautrich and David Yalof. It also rigorously examines their 2004 data for the first time. An analysis of the 2004 data and my own 2007 findings revealed that principals in 2007 reported being less likely to support the expression of unpopular opinions and more likely to think the First Amendment goes too far in the rights it guarantees. While principals strongly agreed that professional newspapers should be able to publish without interference from authorities, they were significantly less likely to say the same about high school newspapers. This study includes interviews with 10 randomly selected administrators who took the 2007 survey. Their comments verified the key quantitative findings.Department of Journalism
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Trebing, Diana. "International teaching assistants' attitudes toward teaching and understanding of United States American undergraduate students /". Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1441186081&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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MACGREGOR, JANET CATHERINE BROOKFIELD. "COLLEGE STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD RAPE: A COMPARISON OF NEW ZEALAND AND THE UNITED STATES". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184216.
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This cross-cultural study used the "Attitudes Toward Rape Victims Survey" (ARVS), designed by Ward (1984), to examine the attitudes of college students in New Zealand and the United States. The instrument (ARVS) is the first of its kind to test for victim blame, and the first to be limited to the assessment of attitudes toward the rape victim specifically. Subjects were 205 students from the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, and 508 students from the University of Arizona, Tucson. The survey responses were analyzed to determine cultural differences in attitudes, according to gender and age. Findings would suggest that the United States students were more sympathetic toward the rape victim, less likely to believe traditional rape myths, and more ready to assign male responsibility for the assault than were New Zealand students. New Zealand women appeared less aware of the implications of sexual assault than both United States men and women, and New Zealand men. New Zealand men demonstrated greater awareness than United States men. Older students in both countries tended to be more conservative in their responses than were the younger students. Although there was a significant cultural difference according to age and gender, scores were consistently low for each sample, indicating a general acceptance of traditional rape myths and a continuing tendency to assign to women the responsibility for sexual assault. Several conclusions were drawn from the data analysis. There is a significant cultural difference in attitudes toward the female victim of rape, between New Zealand and United States college students, according to age and gender. However, both cultures retain a strong belief in traditional rape myths. Responses to the ARVS seem to support the views of current theorists: that attitudes toward rape and incidence of rape are culturally predisposed by factors such as domination and aggression in men, passivity and submission in women, fear of the "feminine," and stereotypic sex roles. It is recommended that more research be undertaken on cross-cultural attitudes toward rape victims.
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Astramovich, Randall L. "Attitudes of American School Counselor Association Members toward Utilizing Paraprofessionals in School Counseling". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2659/.
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The principal investigator (PI) for this study surveyed 207 American School Counselor Association (ASCA) members on their attitudes toward utilizing trained counseling paraprofessionals in school counseling. The PI also examined the relationship between participants attitudes and their subjective reports of the counselor-student ratios in their schools, the amount of work time they spent providing direct counseling services to students, and the extent to which their districts experienced a school counselor shortage. The participants mean reported counselor-student ratio (1:464.63) significantly exceeded ASCA recommendations of 1:250. Elementary counselors reported the highest counselor-student ratios while high school counselors reported the lowest. Furthermore the PI found a significant linear trend for counselor-student ratios to decrease as school level increased. The participants reported mean percentage of time involved in direct counseling services (61.48%) fell significantly below the ASCA recommended 70%. Elementary counselors reported the highest amount of time involved in direct counseling services while high school counselors reported the lowest. The PI also found a significant linear trend for percentages of time involved in direct services to decrease as school level increased. Over one-fourth of the participants indicated school counselor shortages existed in their districts. A majority of participants supported utilizing counseling paraprofessionals in their schools. The PI found a significant negative correlation between support for counseling paraprofessionals and percentage of time involved in direct services. Participants reporting the lowest percentage of time providing direct services to students thus expressed the strongest endorsement for utilizing counseling paraprofessionals. Participants most strongly endorsed assigning clerical duties to counseling paraprofessionals. They likewise endorsed assigning some indirect helping duties to counseling paraprofessionals. However, participants strongly opposed assigning direct counseling duties to counseling paraprofessionals. Based on the results of the study the PI developed recommendations for school counselors, school administrators, state education agencies, and institutions of higher learning regarding the training, education, and job duties of counseling paraprofessionals.