Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Raman spectroscopy”
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Li, Yun-Thai. "Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609992.
Pełny tekst źródłaPatil, Raj. "Deep UV Raman Spectroscopy". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613378.
Pełny tekst źródłaNathaniel, Todd. "Spatial heterodyne Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/810642/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBergqvist, Saga. "Raman spectroscopy in neurosurgery". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-78665.
Pełny tekst źródłaHjärntumörer kan drabba människor i alla åldrar, medelåldern för människor som lever med en hjärntumör är 60 år, men det är ett tillstånd som även drabbar barn och unga i stor utsträckning. Hjärntumörer är den näst vanligaste cancerformen hos barn och är även den främsta orsaken till cancerrelaterad död i den åldergruppen. För att minimera skadorna på hjärnan är det viktigt att en tumör kan lokaliseras och tas bort så tidigt som möjligt. De metoder som används idag bygger framför allt på biopsi, där en del av tumören tas bort och undersöks av en histopatalog. Det är en process som tar lång tid och även påverkas av den mänskliga faktorn, det finns därmed ett behov av en metod som kan avändas \textit{in situ} som ger ett resultat som inte påverkas av den mänskliga faktorn. En metod som har visat lovande resultat är fotosensibilisering med 5-Aminolevulinsyra (5-ALA). Desvärre har den metoden bara visat sig fungera bra för högmaligna tumörer hos vuxna. Som ett komplement till fotosensibilisering har Ramanspektroskopi visat lovande resultat i tidigare genomförda studier. Det här arbetet genomfördes för att undersöka användningen av Ramanspektroskopi som ett verktyg för diagnostisering av hjärntumörer. Som grund användes två tidigare genomförda studier där de undersökte Ramanband från biologiska markörer i hjärnvävnad som ändras i cancerogen vävnad. De undersökte även hur den biokemiska sammansättningen av hjärnvävnaden ändrades genom att jämföra intensiteten av olika Ramanband. Ett mätsystem för Ramanspektroskopi designades och byggdes upp på Luleå Tekniska Universitet där det även testades på vävnad från kött (fläsk och biff). Därefter transporterades mätsystemet till Linköpings Universitet för att genomföra mätningar på sex olika vävnadsprov från fem hjärntumörer av olika malignitet. Baserat på en preliminär histopatalogisk bedömning var en av tumörerna högmalignt och de fyra andra tumörerna var antingen lågmalignta eller benigna. Två av proverna som undersöktes kom från den högmalignta tumören som även var fotosensibilierad med 5-Aminolevulinsyra, varav ett av proverna var belyst med blått ljus innan de Ramanspektroskopiska mätningarna genomfördes. Innan resultatet från Ramanspektroskopiska mätningarna analyserades behandlades datan med konventionella metoder i MatLab. I de resulterade spektrumen gick det att se tydliga Ramanband associerade med hjärnvävnad. Det gick även att se Ramanband associerade med 5-ALA i de två prover som var fotosensibiliserade och i det provet som var belyst med blått ljus innan de spektroskopiska mätningarna gjordes gick det även att se tydliga Ramanband associerade med hjärnvävnad. När resultatet analyserades gick det även att se spektra associerat med reducerat Neuroglobin (NGB) i ett av proverna. Sammansättningen av NGB är också någonting som ändras i cancerogen vävnad och skulle därför också kunna användas som en bilogisk markör för hjärntumörer i framtida studier. När resultaten från den här studien jämfördes med de tidigare studierna indikerade den ena studien att två av vävnadsproverna kom från en högmalignt tumör och att de resterande fyra från lågmaligna eller benigna tumörer, vilket stämmer överens med den preliminära diagnosticeringen av tumörerna. När resultatet istället jämfördes med den andra studien stämde inte resultatet lika bra med den preliminära diagnosticeringen av tumörerna. Metoden presenterad av Zhou m.fl. indikerade att alla tumörer kom från lågmaligna eller benigna tumörer. Slutsaten av det här arbetet är att Ramanspektroskopi skulle kunna användas som en metod för diagnosticering av hjärntumörer. Metoden skulle även fungera bra som ett komplement till fotosensibilisering med 5-ALA eftersom att det var möjligt att se Ramanband associerade med hjärnvävnad när vävnaden hade belysts med blått ljus.
Cancado, Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira Lopes. "Raman spectroscopy of nanographites". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/IACO-6W8NYM.
Pełny tekst źródłaResumo: No presente trabalho investigamos alguns efeitos físicos que acontecem na estrutura e evolução estelar. Focalizamos nossa atenção em estrelas de baixa massa na pré-sequência principal. Incluímos alguns efeitos físicos no código de estrutura e evolução estelar ATON2.3, escrito pelo Dr. Ítalo Mazzitelli (1989) e posteriormente modificado pelo Dr. Luiz Themystokliz Sanctos Mendes (1999b) para adicionar os efeitos de rotação e redistribuição interna de momento angular. Com o objetivo de economizar tempo computacional, introduzimos o mecanismo de parada de controle (checkpoint), que permite iniciar uma dada execução em um estágio de evolução intermideário, desde que os passos iniciais tenham sido devidamente registrados. Essas modificações foram feitas juntamente com um controle completo de variáveis não inicializadas, precisão e reestruturação do programa, visando futuramente paralelizar o código. Introduzimos efeitos combinados de rotação e forças de maré na configuração de equilíbrio das estrelas. Estes efeitos perturbadores, contidos na função potencial total, desviam a forma da estrela da aproximação esfericamente simétrica. Usamos o método de Kippenhahn & Thomas (1970), posteriormente aperfeiçoado por Enda & Sofia (1976). À função potencial obtida por estes autores, adicionamos termosrelacionados à forças de maré e àqueles relacionados à parte não simétrica do potencial gravitacional devido à distorção que tais forças causam na figura da estrela. Seguindo esta aproximação, corrigimos as equações constitutivas a fim de obter uma configuração estrutural de uma estrela distorcida. Cálculos de constantes de estrutura interna e raios de giração foram incluídos no código. Várias trilhas evolutivas foram geradas com os novos modelos, incluindo as quantidades mencionadas acima. Os novos modelos foram testados através de dados observacionais das dimensões absolutas, taxa de movimento apsidal e abundância de lítio das componentes do sistema binário eclipsante EK Cephei. No presente trabalho, também apresentamos estimativas teóricas do convective turnover time, Tc e Números de Rossby, Ro, para estrelas com massas semelhantes à massa solar, com rotação e na pré-sequência principal. Ro está relacionado com a força magnética na teoria do dínamo e, pelo menos para estrelas na seqüência principal, observa-se uma correlação entre rotação e atividade estelar. Incluímos também a possibilidade de utilizar modelos de atmosferas não cinza, com o objetivo de seguir a evolução estelar de estrelas de baixa massa desde estágiosbem iniciais, caracterizados por baixa gravidade. Adotamos os modelos NextGen e ATLAS9 de atmosferas estelares. Usando os nossos novos modelos não-cinza, geramos vários conjuntos de trilhas evolutivas, partindo da pré-sequência principal. Tais trilhas foram usadas para investigar algumas propriedades físicas e rotacionais de estrelas jovens na Nebulosa de Orion. Comparações entre resultados teóricos e dados observacionais, permitiram-nos obter informações sobre esta classe de objetos, principalmente no que diz respeito à distribuição inicial de momento angular. A interpretação dos dados depende fortemente das considerações físicas feitas no modelos, sendo a eficiência da convecção a mais importante. Nossa análise indica que um segundo parâmentro é necessário para descrever a convecção na pré-sequência principal. Tal parâmetro está possivelmente relacionado ao efeito estrutural de um campo magnético gerado por efeito dínamo.
SPEISER, EUGEN. "Raman spectroscopy on nanostructures". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/566.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcGoverin, Cushla Maree, i n/a. "Raman spectroscopy of complex mixtures". University of Otago. Department of Chemistry, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20081103.112612.
Pełny tekst źródłaCastillo, Carolina Graciela. "Biological applications of raman spectroscopy". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30414.
Pełny tekst źródłaO'Grady, Noelle Antoinette. "Raman spectroscopy of fluorescent samples". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246542.
Pełny tekst źródłaThomson, Grant. "Forensic applications of Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/395/.
Pełny tekst źródłaWeigel, Alexander. "Femtosecond stimulated resonance Raman spectroscopy". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16302.
Pełny tekst źródłaFemtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool that allows to study the structural relaxation of an excited chromophore directly in time. In this work a tunable Raman spectrometer with 10 cm-1 spectral and 50-100 fs temporal resolution was developed, and the technique was advanced towards applications to flavin-based proteins. With this device the influence of resonance conditions on the transient Raman spectrum is characterized. Excited-state dynamics is first investigated for the model photoswitch stilbene, starting from both the cis and the trans isomers. Decay, spectral shift, and narrowing of individual bands provide insight into the vibrational relaxation of the excited chromophore. Wavepacket motion and anharmonic coupling is seen as oscillations. Isomerization is followed to the ground state for the "parent" cyanine 1,1''-diethyl-2,2''-pyrido cyanine iodide. From a global analysis, Raman spectra for the Franck-Condon region, the intermediately populated hot ground state, and the isomerization products are obtained. As a basis for experiments on flavoproteins, the excited-state properties of the pure flavin chromophore are studied in solution. Transient absorption and fluorescence experiments suggest an influence of dynamic polar solvation on the electronic properties of the excited state. Raman spectra from the flavin excited state are recorded and the vibrational bands assigned. Population depletion by the Raman pulse is identified as a potential artefact, but the effect is also used to mark wavepacket motion in the excited state. The photoreceptor mutants BlrB-L66F and Slr1694-Y8F are studied by transient absorption; signaling state formation and flavin reduction by a semiconserved tryptophan are seen, respectively. The application of femtosecond Raman spectroscopy to biological samples is demonstrated in a first experiment on glucose oxidase.
Lee, Nam-Heui. "Extending Raman spectroscopy to the nanoscale". Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1172680006.
Pełny tekst źródła"May, 2007." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 04/07/2008) Advisor, Mark D. Foster; Committee members, Alexei P. Sokolov, Darrell H. Reneker, Ali Dhinojwala, Rex D. Ramsier; Department Chair, Mark D. Foster; Dean of the College, George R. Newkome; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
U, Mahaboob Pasha. "Raman spectroscopy of BaTiO3 based ceramics". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527217.
Pełny tekst źródłaFreihofer, Gregory J. "Enhancing CNT-composites with Raman spectroscopy". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4763.
Pełny tekst źródłaID: 030646203; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.A.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 84-94).
M.S.A.E.
Masters
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Aerospace Engineering; Space System Design and Engineering Track
Boyce, Paul John. "Raman spectroscopy of II-VI semiconductors". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357210.
Pełny tekst źródłaHard, Andrew Philip. "Sensing and analysis with Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268552.
Pełny tekst źródłaGil, Gustavo Adolfo. "Online Raman spectroscopy for bioprocess monitoring". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36757.
Pełny tekst źródłaAuthor received the S.B. degree, June 2005 and the M. Eng. degree, Sept. 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 195-202).
Online monitoring of bioprocesses is essential to expanding the potential of biotechnology. In this thesis, a system to estimate concentrations of chemical components of an Escherichia Coli fermentation growth medium via a remote fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy probe was studied in depth. The system was characterized to determine sources of instability and systematic error. A complete first-order error analysis was conducted to determine the theoretical sensitivity of the instrument. A suite of improvements and new features, including an online estimation of optical density and biomass, a method to correct for wavelength shifts, and a setup to increase repeatability and throughput for offline and calibration methods was developed accordingly. The theoretical and experimental ground work for developing a correction for spectrum distortions caused by elastic scattering, a fundamental problem for many spectroscopic applications, was laid out. In addition, offline Raman spectroscopy was used to estimate concentrations of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and nitrate in an oil palm (Elais guineensis) bioreaction. Finally, an expansion of optical techniques into new scale-up applications in plant cell bioprocesses, such as plant call differentiation was explored.
by Gustavo Adolfo Gil.
M.Eng.and S.B.
Chau, Alexandra H. (Alexandra Hung) 1980. "Development of an intracoronary Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49757.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 167-177).
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death in the United States, with 1 in 5 deaths (500,000 annually) attributable to coronary artery disease alone. While the disease processes are not completely understood, it is believed that patient risk depends on a variety of factors including lesion structure, biomechanical behavior, and morphological and chemical composition. Raman spectroscopy, based on spectral analysis of inelastically scattered photons, is a nondestructive technique that yields detailed information about the chemical composition of the sample being interrogated. Intracoronary Raman spectroscopy can be performed via the use of a flexible, small diameter (< 2 mm) optical fiber probe to guide light to and from the arterial wall in situ. The fact that Raman scattering has inherently low signal intensity, combined with the need for a small diameter probe, makes it difficult to develop a probe with sufficient signal-to-noise for robust plaque diagnosis. This thesis addresses two approaches for increasing SNR: increasing Raman signal intensity and optimizing probe design. While most biological applications of Raman spectroscopy have been performed in the "fingerprint" region (Raman shifts between 400 and 1800 cm-1), the high wavenumber region (2700 - 3100 cm-1) offers distinct technical advantages, including increased Raman signal relative to the fluorescent background and potentially less fiber background. However, the high wavenumber region may yield different molecular information and thus have different diagnostic capability. In this thesis, we develop a benchtop Raman system capable of acquiring Raman spectra in both wavenumber regions.
(cont.) In contrast to previous work, which focused on plaque characterization based on the Raman spectrum from a single site within the plaque, our system utilizes a line imaging paradigm, in which we acquire Raman spectra at fixed intervals across the full cross-section of the plaque, creating a Raman line image. We use this benchtop system to acquire a database of Raman line images and corresponding histology for over sixty plaque specimens. Using this database, we compare the diagnostic capability of fingerprint and high wavenumber Raman spectroscopy for plaque characterization. Because of the small size requirement for an intracoronary probe, it is important to optimize the optical probe design to maximize collection efficiency and thus increase SNR. We develop and experimentally validate a simulation technique for modeling Raman probe performance (collection efficiency and sampling volume), as an aid to optimizing probe design. We also fabricate a 1.5 mm diameter probe and demonstrate it in vivo, using a human-swine xenograft model, in which diseased human coronary arteries are grafted onto a living swine heart. The results of this thesis provide insight on two approaches toward achieving a clinically viable intracoronary Raman spectroscopy system.
by Alexandra H. Chau.
Ph.D.
Farhat, Hootan. "Raman spectroscopy of metallic carbon nanotubes". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59217.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 101-108).
Metallic carbon nanotubes are one dimensional conductors that are both technologically promising for electronic applications, and scientifically interesting for studying the physics of low dimensional materials. In this thesis, we present a detailed study of the inelastic light scattering (Raman) spectrum of individual metallic carbon nanotubes, with a focus on the influence of electronic excitations and charged carriers. We have demonstrated that the frequency and linewidth of certain phonon modes of metallic carbon nanotubes depend strongly the Fermi energy, because they couple strongly to low lying electron hole pairs. Next, we report the first experimental observation of electronic Raman scattering in carbon nanotubes. This observation demonstrates that the same electron-hole pairs that participate in damping the optical phonons of metallic carbon nanotubes, may themselves scatter light, thus giving rise to an electronic Raman spectrum. An analysis of the Fermi level and laser energy dependence of the electronic Raman and phonon Raman contributions allows us to explain the asymmetric lineshape of the G-band phonon modes in terms of a Fano interference. In another experiment, we have shown that the charge-induced expansion and contraction of the the graphitic C-C bond length is different for metallic and semiconducting nanotubes. Finally, we have measured the Stokes and antiStokes intensities of the Raman modes in electrically contacted metallic nanotubes in order to determine their phonon populations during high-field electrical transport. The experiments reported here, have helped to clarify the origin of several features in the Raman spectra of metallic carbon nanotubes that have been heavily debated in recent years. These result also shed light on the way electronic excitations and charged carriers affect the physical properties of metallic carbon nanotubes.
by Hootan Farhat.
Ph.D.
Hart, Prieto Maria Consuelo. "Applications of Raman spectroscopy to urology". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8540.
Pełny tekst źródłaWattanavichean, N. "Raman spectroscopy of molecular electronic junctions". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3006908/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFryling, Mark Aaron. "Raman Spectroscopy of Carbon Electrode surfaces /". The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487859313346783.
Pełny tekst źródłaWang, Peng. "Micro-Raman spectroscopy of GaAs nanowires". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066482.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis presents a study by micro-Raman spectroscopy of a new type of nanostructures: semiconductor nanowires. It is focused onto GaAs nanowires with diameter between 50 and 150nm, fabricated by Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). This is the first systematic study of vibrations and related electronic resonances in the two crystalline forms available for GaAs nanowires depending of the growth conditions: zinc-blende (ZB) as in bulk GaAs and wurtzite (WZ), a form not stable in bulk form. Raman spectroscopy is performed on single nanowires thanks to a dedicated micro-Raman set-up developed during this work. Based on an overall characterization of optical vibrations, this work has been mainly focused on two research lines. 1) the study of Raman polarizations of the recorded lines. It has been evidenced that the microscopic symmetry of nanowires has a limited influence onto the observed polarizations which appear to be mostly controlled by the shape anisotropy of nanowires. A model of dielectric confinement has been developed and well reproduces most of the experimental observations. It predicts a significant dependence onto the diameter which has been confirmed by preliminary experiments on wires with different diameters. 2) the study of Raman resonances. It has been first observed that Raman micro spectroscopy in standard conditions, based on an Argon ion laser with wavelengths around 500nm, is very difficult and generally leads to the destruction of the wires because of strong light absorption of GaAs nanowires in this range of wavelengths. It has been demonstrated that on the contrary the use of wavelengths in the range 700-900nm is very well adapted and allows a full detailed, non destructive study of vibrations in GaAs nanowires. A novel original observation has been obtained in this energy range, the Fröhlich resonance of the LO phonon reflecting an excitonic transition in WZ nanowires shifted by around 100meV from the well established resonance in ZB GaAs. This novel observation well agrees with recent ab initio calculations of WZ GaAs electronic band structure and allows to establish the ordering and the symmetry of the lowest energy conduction states which remains controversial among different versions of published ab initio calculations
Haydock, Richard. "Multivariate analysis of Raman spectroscopy data". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30697/.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeen, Imelda P. "Forensic applications of Raman microprobe spectroscopy". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaGuo, Yu. "RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF GLASSESWITH HIGH AND BROAD RAMAN GAIN IN THE BOSON PEAK REGION". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4275.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh.D.
Department of Physics
Sciences
Physics
Bauer, Michael. "Raman spectroscopy of laser induced material alterations". Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-117196.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaltt, N. D. "Diagnosis of lung cancer by raman spectroscopy". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492488.
Pełny tekst źródłaAtkins, Chad Garry. "Raman spectroscopy of transfusable red blood cells". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59728.
Pełny tekst źródłaScience, Faculty of
Graduate
Brocke, Thomas. "Electronic Raman spectroscopy on semiconductor quantum dots". Göttingen Cuvillier, 2007.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaKoljenovic, Senada. "Towards clinico-pathological application of Raman spectroscopy". [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11739.
Pełny tekst źródłaTatham, Martin Christopher. "Time resolved Raman spectroscopy of semiconductor structures". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305429.
Pełny tekst źródłaAgaiby, Rouzet Michael Behnam. "Nanometer Scale Strain Characterisation Using Raman Spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506504.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarrett, L. J. "Raman spectroscopy of illicit drugs and pharmaceuticals". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269165.
Pełny tekst źródłaBennett, Robert. "New development in Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242461.
Pełny tekst źródłaCRUZ, JOSE FLAVIO MARTINS. "CARACTEREZITION OF GASOLINES BY FT-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4333@1.
Pełny tekst źródłaVisando determinar os teores dos componentes relevantes e as propriedades físicas de gasolinas comerciais e sintéticas foram tomados espectros Raman de 60 gasolinas comerciais e 52 misturas sintéticas simulando gasolinas. Os espectros foram tomados em um espectrômetro Nicolet FT Raman 950. Os espectros brutos obtidos foram tratados para evitar a influência da variabilidade de potência do laser excitante sobre as intensidades das linhas Raman. As variáveis independentes (intensidades Raman ) e as variáveis dependentes (propriedades das gasolinas comerciais e misturas sintéticas ) foram centradas em torno da média e submetidas à regressão por mínimos quadrados parciais, visando ajustar modelos que permitissem predizer quantitativamente os teores de etanol, hidrocarbonetos saturados, insaturados e aromáticos além dos valores das propriedades MON, RON, densidade e pontos de ebulição inicial, final, a 10%, 50% e 90% das amostras em estudo. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a potencialidade da espectroscopia Raman, para o desenvolvimento de métodos confiáveis para a análise de diversas características das gasolinas estudadas.
The aim of this work was to determine the contents of the more important components and physical properties of commercial gasolines and synthetic mixtures with known composition, prepared in the laboratory. The Raman spectra of 60 gasolines and 52 mixtures were acquired with a Nicolet 950 Fourier Transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectrometer. The raw spectra were treated to avoid the laser potency variability on Raman lines intensities. The independent variables (Raman intensities) and the dependent variables (gasolines and mixtures properties) were mean centered and models were fit by partial least square regression seeking to predict the contents of ethanol, saturated, unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons. Also properties as MON, RON, density and boiling point values were determined by this procedure. The final results showed the potential of Raman spectroscopy for analysis of several properties of gasolines.
Zelai, Taharh. "Nanoscale Raman spectroscopy of graphene nanodevice structures". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/419483/.
Pełny tekst źródłaOh, Jeankun 1968. "Transcutaneous measurement of glucose using Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/27121.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 86-88).
Transcutaneous glucose measurement would provide the ability to obtain frequent measurements without the pain and risk of infection associated with obtaining a blood sample and eliminates the need for reagents. Because of these potential benefits, a large effort is being made within the academic and industrial research communities to develop alternative rapid and easily manageable analysis methods, including transcutaneous methods. Several optical techniques have been proposed and investigated widely to replace the traditional method. Transcutaneous measurement would be of particular benefit to the millions of people with diabetes who should monitor glucose levels multiple times per day and today depend on the finger pricking devices. We have used the advantages provided by NIR Raman spectroscopy, i.e. sharp and distinct spectral features combined with a large probe volume, in order to simultaneously quantify multiple analytes (glucose, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit (hct)) in serum and whole blood samples. Based on the successful measurements, we have moved toward transcutaneous measurements of glucose from 16 healthy human subjects as the first target of blood analytes. RMSEP of 13.17 mg/dL and r² values of 0.79 show promise that the Raman spectroscopy can be developed to achieve clinical accuracy requirements. Furthermore, the fact that glucose features could be recognized in the calibration spectra from measurements of volunteers whose glucose levels changed in a relatively large range, provides evidence that the calibration is based upon glucose.
by Jeankun Oh.
S.M.
Son, HyungBin 1981. "Raman spectroscopy of single wall carbon nanotubes". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44725.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 71-76).
A single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) is a new form of carbon, whose atomic arrangement is equivalent to a graphene sheet rolled into a cylinder in a seamless way. The typical diameter of a SWNT ranges from 0.6 nm to several nm and the typical length ranges from tens of nm to several cm. Due to its small diameter and high aspect ratio, a SWNT has very unique electronic and vibrational properties. The goals of this thesis work are to design and construct a Raman instrument capable of obtaining signals from many different types of individual SWNTs, to develop methods and tools to collect, organize and analyze large amounts of Raman spectra from them, to use resonant Raman spectroscopy to characterize individual SWNTs, and to investigate how their electronic and vibrational properties change under various conditions, such as strain, or different substrate interactions. A high-efficiency widely-tunable Raman instrument is developed for the study of SWNTs. The environmental effects on the electronic and vibrational properties are investigated by suspended SWNTs. Using the high-efficiency Raman instrument, weak optical transitions of metallic SWNTs are found. The effect of strain on the vibrational mode frequencies of SWNTs are studied.
by Hyungbin Son.
Ph.D.
Bhatia, Pankaj 1974. "Using Raman spectroscopy to study supercritical CO₂". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85310.
Pełny tekst źródłaLloyd, Jonathan S. "The development of tip enhanced raman spectroscopy". Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678427.
Pełny tekst źródłaTouzalin, Thomas. "Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on electrochemical systems". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS364.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe in situ investigation of electrochemical interfaces structures at the nanoscale is a key element in the understanding of charge and electron transfer mechanisms e.g. in the fields of energy storage or electrocatalysis. This thesis introduces the implementation of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) in liquid and in electrochemical conditions enabling the nanoscale analysis of electrified solid/liquid interfaces through the strong and local electric field enhancement at gold or silver scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) probes. The ability of TERS to image inhomogeneities in the coverage density of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) through a layer of organic solvent on gold was demonstrated. A TERS-inspired analytical tool was also developed, based on a TERS tip used simultaneously as a single-hot spot surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform and as a microelectrode (EC tip SERS). The reduction of an electroactive SAM could then be monitored by electrochemical and in situ SERS measurements. In situ electrochemical STM-TERS was also evidenced through the imaging of local variations of the electric field enhancement on peculiar sites of a gold electrode with a lateral resolution lower than 8 nm. Finally TERS also demonstrated to be efficient in investigating the structure of organic layers grafted either by electrochemical reduction or spontaneously. This work is therefore a major advance for the analysis of functionalized surfaces
Viranna, Narendra Balaguru. "Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy of diamond". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26229.
Pełny tekst źródłaClaps, Ricardo Javier. "Novel developments in laser diode raman spectroscopy /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaScherzer, Ryan D. "Degradation Resistant Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates". UNF Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/760.
Pełny tekst źródłaDyer, Christopher David. "Chemical applications of Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/424218/.
Pełny tekst źródłaVega, Marienette Morales. "RAMAN AND FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY OF BIOMEDICAL NANOMATERIALS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10900.
Pełny tekst źródłaStabilized zirconia exhibits unsurpassed mechanical properties and biocompatibility, making it an indispensable ceramic material for biomedical implants. One of the most problematic features of stabilized zirconia has been its low-temperature degradation(LTD), which is associated to the observed transformation of its crystalline structure from tetragonal to monoclinic phase. The presence of monoclinic phases, therefore, is the red-flag for the impending catastrophic breakdown of mechanical properties. In this work, we establish characterization protocols to extend the sensitivity limit of conventional Raman spectroscopy for determination of extremely little amounts of monoclinic phase in zirconia implant prototypes. We accomplish this in two ways. First, we employ Raman spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis on a series of fully-dense and partially transformed Y-TZP zironia prototypes. Incipient t-m transformation is only revealed with high resolution spectral mapping and principal component analysis. The technique reveals the presence of islands of monoclinic phase that are otherwise not visible by simple observation and fitting of individual spectra. High resolution mapping likewise allows for probing homogenieties in the sample, which is a critical component in the development of implants. The second protocol utilizes surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with colloidal gold nanostars as substrate. The nanostars used have localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at 690 nm. Two spectral maps, on clean and on nanostars-covered surface, were obtained exactly at the same position using confocal Raman spectroscopy. Comparison of the two maps shows that there are more monoclinic phases detected in the nanostars-covered surface possibly due to the “lightning rod” effect in the nanostar tips. We report an unprecedented attempt on SERS on solid zirconia, which provides early evidence of the effectivity of the technique even on non-porous materials. With further improvement in sensitivity, SERS is a promising technique for the early detection of monoclinic phase in zirconia-based implants.
XXVII Ciclo
1978
SACCO, ALESSIO. "Metrological Approach to Tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2827709.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeaman, R. A. "Two beam coherent spectroscopy". Thesis, Cardiff University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379609.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Xiaohua. "Resonance raman studies of hemoproteins". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27170.
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