Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Rainfall intensity

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  1. Artykuły w czasopismach
  2. Rozprawy doktorskie
  3. Książki
  4. Części książek
  5. Streszczenia konferencji
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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Rainfall intensity”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 11 marca 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Rainfall intensity"

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Sanchez-Moreno, Juan Francisco, Chris M. Mannaerts, Victor Jetten i Martin Löffler-Mang. "Rainfall kinetic energy–intensity and rainfall momentum–intensity relationships for Cape Verde". Journal of Hydrology 454-455 (sierpień 2012): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.06.007.

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Mazurkiewicz, Karolina, i Marcin Skotnicki. "A determination of the synthetic hyetograph parameters for flow capacity assessment concerning stormwater systems". E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500053.

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The paper presents the results of an analysis of the influence of synthetic rainfall duration and location of rainfall intensity peak on the rate of the flood volume in surcharged storm sewers. The analyzed rainfalls had durations from 15 minutes to 180 minutes. It was assumed, that the rainfall peak location would change between the beginning and the end of the rainfall with increments of 10% of the rainfall duration. Outflow simulations were performed with the use of SWMM5.1.012 for three models of real urban catchments with surfaces from 1.6 km2 to 6.7 km2. An assessment of the influence of rainfall parameters was made on the basis of the flood volume rates. Short rainfalls with peaks located at the beginning of rainfall duration do not generate flooding. For other rainfalls it was found that for a specified rainfall duration the flood volume increases with the increase of time of the rainfall peak location. The maximum flood volume varied from 5% to 12% of the total runoff volume, depending on the catchment area, and is generated by the rainfall, whose intensity peak occurs right after the time corresponding to the flow time through the catchment.
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Su, Yan, Jun Bing Qiu i Yue Ting Du. "Rainfall Threshold of Rainfall-Induced Landslides Based on Laboratory Test". Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (sierpień 2013): 1011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1011.

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A landslide model test under the artificial rainfall was built according to the rainfll-induced landslide in Fujian mountainous area. The rainfall intensity, the slope types (mainly on vegetation coverage) and the grade of side slope were the main factors in the test. The rainfall threshold of rainfall-induced landslide on shallow bedrock was obtained from the test. The relationship between the cumulative precipitation and slope angle and slope surface types was analyzed from the orthogonal experiment by multiple regression analysis. Results show that most slope failures are caused by the infiltration of rainwater. Conclusion show that when the slope angle and vegetation cover are given, critical hazard threshold can be predicted, and the corresponding landslide sliding time can be gained by combining with the rainfall intensity.
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KOTHYARI, U. C., S. K. VERMA i R. J. GARDE. "Rainfall intensity duration frequency analysis". MAUSAM 41, nr 3 (24.02.2022): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v41i3.2750.

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In the present study the analysis of rainfall data compiled for eighty stations spread over several parts of India has been carried out for developing a general relationship for the estimation of short duration rainfall intensity.
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Balcerak, Ernie. "Understanding temporal rainfall intensity scaling". Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 93, nr 43 (23.10.2012): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012eo430013.

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Froehlich, David C. "Long-Duration–Rainfall Intensity Equations". Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 121, nr 3 (maj 1995): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(1995)121:3(248).

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Froehlich, David C. "Intermediate-Duration-Rainfall Intensity Equations". Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 121, nr 10 (październik 1995): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1995)121:10(751).

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Sabino, Marlus, Adilson Pacheco de Souza, Eduardo Morgan Uliana, Luana Lisboa, Frederico Terra de Almeida i Cornélio Alberto Zolin. "Intensity-duration-frequency of maximum rainfall in Mato Grosso State". Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, nr 1 (3.02.2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2373.

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Intensive rainfall is an important meteorological variable that is of technical interest in hydraulic projects. This study therefore generated Intensity-Duration-Frequency equations (IDF) for 14 weather stations in Mato Grosso State, based on pluviograph analysis. Annual maximum rainfall data regarding 10-to-1440-minute long rainfall events were collected from digitized daily pluviographs. Data adherence to the generalized extreme value distribution (GEV) was checked through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test at a 20% significance level. Next, the maximum probable rainfall for return periods such as 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 years was calculated and the IDF equations were adjusted. The performance of the IDF equations was evaluated based on mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), bias, Willmott's concordance index and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index (ENS). Adjusting the IDF equations was only possible for rainfall durations ranging from 10 to 360 min at each station due to the low frequency of longer rainfalls. High variation was present in parameters of the IDF equation and in maximum rainfall intensity between stations. The satisfactory performance of the models, as attested to by statistical indices, allows using IDF equations adjusted for rainfall durations from 10 to 360 min, and return periods from 2 to 100 years, in the regions of the Mato Grosso weather stations.
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Palamarchuk, L., K. Sokur i T. Zabolotska. "DYNAMICS OF RAINFALL INTENSITY AND MESOSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR FIELDS IN THE WARM PERIOD OF THE YEAR IN THE PLAIN PART OF UKRAINE". Hydrology, hydrochemistry and hydroecology, nr 4 (55) (2019): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2019.4.8.

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The research deals with the structure of temporal changes in rainfall intensity and the spatial distribution of magnitude within separate processes of fallout of dangerous and heavy rainfalls in the warm season. The analysis based on the data from the Ukrainian hydrometeorological observation network (2005-2017) and the data obtained during a special scientific experiment (Kyiv, Bagrynova Mt., warm period 1969). It has been determined 97 cases of such rainfalls, the characteristics of their spatial distribution, seasonal and daily variations. For individual processes, on the basis of pluviometric measurements there were determined the maximum rainfall intensities, the time of their occurrence, the presence and the number of waves (periods) of rainfall amplification and their temporal and spatial parameters. The mass of rainwater per unit area and the volumetric intensity were calculated for moments of maximum intensity or amplification waves. The analysis of spatial and temporal fluctuations of intensity values within a separate process allowed to distinguish three types of rainfall during the warm period of the year: heavy precipitations (maximum intensities greater than 1 mm/min., such intensities more often observed at the beginning of the process; it notes the presence of one/two waves of amplification of rainfall with different amplitudes), slight precipitations (maximum intensities are approximately equal to 0.1 mm/min, several (3-5) waves of amplification of rainfall with small but equal amplitudes), and a “mix” of heavy and slight precipitations during the development of frontal stratus with so-called “flooded” convection (maximum intensities less than 1 mm / min; there are several waves of amplification of different amplitude). Conditions for the formation of heavy precipitations of the last type are the combination of mechanisms of thermal and dynamic convection, which is manifested in the enhancement of vertical lifting of air masses due to the blocking processes. It was made a comparison of the intensity and nature of precipitation in the current climatic period and in previous periods. It was found that the values of the maximum intensity for the same type of precipitation during the different observation periods practically coincide. Obviously, there is a zone of “upper limit” of the intensity of the processes of precipitation and moisture storage of clouds, which ensures the constant intensity of rainfall over time. There is some increase in number and length of waves of rainfall amplification, as well as an increase in the frequency of rainfalls with “flooded” convection. The research shows the recurrence of rainfall intensity for certain types within certain gradations of their values. On this basis an integral providing curve is created, which makes it possible to estimate the probability or recurrence of given precipitation intensity values at different levels of providing.
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Fontanazza, C. M., G. Freni, G. La Loggia i V. Notaro. "Uncertainty evaluation of design rainfall for urban flood risk analysis". Water Science and Technology 63, nr 11 (1.06.2011): 2641–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.169.

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A reliable and long dataset describing urban flood locations, volumes and depths would be an ideal prerequisite for assessing flood frequency distributions. However, data are often piecemeal and long-term hydraulic modelling is often adopted to estimate floods from historical rainfall series. Long-term modelling approaches are time- and resource-consuming, and synthetically designed rainfalls are often used to estimate flood frequencies. The present paper aims to assess the uncertainty of such an approach and for suggesting improvements in the definition of synthetic rainfall data for flooding frequency analysis. According to this aim, a multivariate statistical analysis based on a copula method was applied to rainfall features (total depth, duration and maximum intensity) to generate synthetic rainfalls that are more consistent with historical events. The procedure was applied to a real case study, and the results were compared with those obtained by simulating other typical synthetic rainfall events linked to intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves. The copula-based multi-variate analysis is more robust and adapts well to experimental flood locations even if it is more complex and time-consuming. This study demonstrates that statistical correlations amongst rainfall frequency, duration, volume and peak intensity can partially explain the weak reliability of flood-frequency analyses based on synthetic rainfall events.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Rainfall intensity"

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Patron, Glenda G. "Joint probability distribution of rainfall intensity and duration". Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063226/.

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Mongwa, Themba. "Rainfall intensity, kinetic energy and erosivity of individual rainfall events on the island of Mauritius". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/452.

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On most tropical volcanic islands the risk for soil erosion is enhanced due to a complex topography, high intensity rainfall and the exploitation of land for agriculture. Mauritius is a typical maritime tropical volcanic island with a distinct elevated interior. Rainfall is dominated by tropical weather systems and trade winds and the island is under intensive cultivation. Rainfall depth, duration, intensity, kinetic energy and erosivity were analysed for 385 erosive rainfall events at five locations over a five year period (2004 to 2008) on the island of Mauritius. Two stations located on the west coast and three stations sited on the Central Plateau above 550 m a.s.l. are used to provide detailed rainfall data at six minute intervals. Erosive storm events, defined here as a total rainfall exceeding 12.5 mm and a maximum 6-minute intensity exceeding 25 mm/hour, are found to differ markedly between the coastal lowlands and the elevated interior with regards to the frequency, the total rainfall generated, the duration, total kinetic energy and total erosivity of individual events. However, mean kinetic energy, mean and maximum rainfall erosivity (EI30) and maximum intensities (I30) from individual erosive events do not show this distinct differentiation. Erosivity measured during summer exceeds that recorded in winter, but the data indicate that large percentages of winter rainfall on Mauritius are defined as erosive and non-tropical cyclone rainfall can pose a substantial erosion risk. In this maritime tropical environment with its elevated interior, soil erosion risk occurs from storm scale to synoptic scale rainfall events and extreme events generate the bulk of the erosivity. Findings show that using rainfall records at an event scale within soil erosion risk assessments on tropical islands with a complex topography will increase the effectiveness of erosivity estimates
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Eckersten, Sofia. "Updating Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves in Sweden Accounting for the Observed Increase in Rainfall Extremes". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283714.

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Increased extreme precipitation has been documented in many regions around the world, in- cluding central and northern Europe. Global warming increases average temperature, which in turn enhances atmospheric water holding capacity. These changes are believed to increase the frequency and/or intensity of extreme precipitation events. In determining the design storm, or a worst probable storm, for infrastructure design and failure risk assessment, experts commonly assume that statistics of extreme precipitation do not change significantly over time. This so- called notion of stationarity assumes that the statistics of future extreme precipitation events will be similar to those of historical observations. This study investigates the consequences of using a stationary assumption as well as the alternative: a non-stationary framework that con- siders temporal changes in statistics of extremes. Here we evaluate stationary and non-stationary return levels for 10-year to 50-year extreme precipitation events for different durations (1-day, 2-day, ..., 7-day precipitation events), based on the observed daily precipitation from Sweden. Non-stationary frequency analysis is only considered for stations with statistically significant trends over the past 50 years at 95% confidence (i.e., 15 to 39 % out of 139 stations, depend- ing on duration, 1-day, 2-day, ..., 7-day). We estimate non-stationary return levels using the General Extreme Value distribution with time-dependent parameters, inferred using a Bayesian approach. The estimated return levels are then compared in terms of duration, recurrence in- terval and location. The results indicate that a stationary assumption might, when a significant trend exists, underestimate extreme precipitation return levels by up to 40 % in Sweden. This report highlights the importance of considering better methods for estimating the recurrence in- terval of extreme events in a changing climate. This is particularly important for infrastructure design and risk reduction.
Ökad extrem nederbörd har dokumenterats globalt, däribland centrala och norra Europa. Den globala uppvärmningen medför en förhöjd medeltemperatur vilket i sin tur ökar avdunstning av vatten från ytor samt atmosfärens förmåga att hålla vatten. Dessa förändringar tros kunna öka och intensifiera nederbörd. Vid bestämning av dimensionerande nederbördsintensiteter för byggnationsprojekt antas idag att frekvensen och storleken av extrem nederbörd inte kommer att förändras i framtiden (stationäritet), vilket i praktiken innebär ingen förändring i klimatet. Den här studien syftar till att undersöka effekten av en icke-stationärt antagande vid skattning av dimensionerande nederbördsintensitet. Icke-stationära och stationära nerderbördsintensiteter föråterkomsttider mellan 10 och 100år bestämdes utifrån daglig och flerdaglig svensk nederbörds- data. Nederbördintensiteterna bestämdes med extremvärdesanalys i mjukvaran NEVA, där den generella extremvärdesfördelningen anpassades till årlig maximum nederbörd på platser i Sverige som påvisade en ökande trend under de senaste 50åren (15% till 39 % utav 139 stationer, beroende på varaktighet). De dimensionerande nederbördsintensiteterna jämfördes sedan med avseende på varaktighet, återkomsttid och plats. Resultaten indikerade på att ett stationärt antagande riskerar att underskatta dimensionerande nederbördsintensiteter för en viss återkomsttid med upp till 40 %. Detta indikerar att antagandet om icke-stationäritet har större betydelse för olika platser i Sverige, vilket skulle kunna ge viktig information vid bestämning av dimensionerande regnintensiteter.
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Clothiaux, John D. "Verification of rain-flow reconstructions of a variable amplitude load history". Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11072008-063531/.

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Castillo, Jean M. "Duration-rainfall intensity equations : study of IDF curves using local precipitation data /". Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1203570521&sid=23&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Michaud, Aubert Raymond. "Soil erodibility indices for Southern Quebec soils derived under variable intensity rainfall simulation". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66178.

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NHAT, Le Minh. "Development of Intensity-Duration-Frequency Relationships Based on Scaling Characteristics of Rainfall Extremes". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124493.

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West, Derek A. "The use of satellite microwave rainfall measurements to predict eastern North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity". The Ohio State University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/41553838.html.

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Mayeux, Brian Clifford, i Brian Clifford Mayeux. "The relative importance of rainfall intensity versus saturated hydraulic conductivity for runoff modeling of semi-arid watersheds". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626771.

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When using distributed rainfall runoff models in order to simulate the runoff volume and time distribution, one faces the problem of how to represent the spatial distribution of rainfall intensity and soil characteristics when the actual continuous distributions are unknown. There are two objectives for this thesis. The first is to investigate, for semi-arid regions, how the scale of rainfall intensity and soil features affects the simulation of rainfall excess and which is of more importance. The second is to utilize probability distribution theory to develop a scheme which represents both the spatial distribution of rainfall intensi ty and the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) in order to accurately simulate the true runoff for semi-arid regions when knowing limited statistical information (mean and variance) on each feature (rainfall intensity and Ks). All conclusions made are assuming that they hold for semi-arid regions only and the· assumed true watershed output is the model simulation which uses the finest resolution for soil features, vegetation, and rainfall intensity. Furthermore, the model used for this study provided very accurate simulations of the actual streamflow for the watershed used (Walnut Gulch). It was found that, when using real data for rainfall and soils, the spatial distribution for rainfall intensity is more important to represent than that of soil features with respect to accurately reproducing the assumed true streamflow. However, when using synthetic data generated from probability distributions, it was found that, for semi-arid regions, the spatial distribution of Ks was of more importance. Hence, certain conclusions concerning which is more important to spatially characterize with respect to accurately simulating streamflow can be different, depending upon if one uses synthetic data versus real data. The lognormal distribution was found to produce an excellent fit to the Ks data and the exponential distribution was found to produce an excellent fit to the spatial rainfall intensity distribution. However, this goodness-of-fit (for rainfall) can be dependent upon time and/or the amount of localization which the storm possesses. The rainfall parameters for the probability distributions of rainfall intensity were assumed to change with time but were not related at all to location within the watershed. When using the probability distributions to characterize the spatial rainfall intensity and Ks distributions, it was found that characterizing the Ks distribution provided more accurate simulations than characterizing the rainfall intensity distribution. It was also found that spatially characterizing both rainfall intensity and Ks simultaneously provided more accurate simulations than just representing one and not the other.
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McNear, Veronica Ann. "Low-level convergence and its role in convective intensity and frequency over the Houston lightning and rainfall anomaly". Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/6005.

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An increase in the amount of lightning and rainfall over the Houston area, compared to the surrounding rural areas, has been well documented in previous studies. The placement of a Shared Mobile Atmospheric Research and Teaching Radar (SMART-R) in the Houston area during the summer season of 2005 presented a unique opportunity to investigate the role of boundary-layer convergence in modulating convective frequency and intensity and, thereby, likely causing the rainfall and lightning anomalies. The role of the urban heat island (UHI) and the sea-breeze, as a source of low-level convergence leading to enhanced convection over Houston, was examined. Hourly average dual-Doppler wind and convergence maps were created on 1 X 1 km grids for an eleven-week period. By using these images along with average lightning, rainfall, and reflectivity for a large Houston-centered domain, it was possible to discern a correlation between low-level convergence and convection. Also, past findings of enhancement in lightning and rainfall over Houston and downwind of Houston were validated. High convergence levels for the Houston area in the mid-morning were followed closely by a peak in convection in the early afternoon. The enhancement of rainfall and lightning over and downwind of downtown was found to be primarily from a large increase in frequency of deep convective events when compared to the surrounding domain. Also, it was found that UHI, rather than sea-breeze, was likely the primary causative mechanism in the development of convection over the Houston area because of the lack of deep convection in areas equally affected by the sea-breeze and the timing of the convection compared to time of peak sea-breeze. An area of weaker enhancement south of Houston, not discussed in previous studies, was found to be present, possibly from the interactions between the bay-breeze off of the Galveston Bay and the seabreeze.
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Książki na temat "Rainfall intensity"

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Hogg, W. D. Rainfall intensity-duration frequency values for Canadian locations. Downsview, Ont: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service, 1989.

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Toronto, University of, red. Rainfall intensity-duration-frequency curves for Ontario locations. [Toronto]: University of Toronto, 1985.

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Purvis, John C. Maximum rainfall intensity in South Carolina by county. Columbia, S.C: South Carolina State Climatology Office, 1988.

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E, Dowling Norman, i Langley Research Center, red. Verification of rain-flow reconstructions of a variable amplitude load history. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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E, Dowling Norman, i Langley Research Center, red. Verification of rain-flow reconstructions of a variable amplitude load history. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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Magni, Nelson Luiz Goi. Precipitações intensas no estado de São Paulo. São Paulo: Centro Tecnológico de Hidráulica, Departamento de Aguas e Energia Elétrica, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, 1986.

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Zahar, Yadh. Eléments d'hydrologie pour l'aménagement: Modélisation spatiale et temporelle des précipitations extrêmes et érosives en Tunisie centrale. [Manouba]: Université des lettres, des arts et des sciences humaines, Tunis I, Faculté des lettres de la Manouba, 1997.

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Air Resources Laboratory (U.S.), red. Precipitation frequency and intensity at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. Silver Spring, Md: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Air Resources Laboratory, 1996.

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Min-ho, Yi. Kangu kwanch'ŭk chŏnghwakto hyangsang e kwanhan yŏn'gu: Study for improvement of rainfall measurement accuracy. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Kukt'o Haeyangbu Han'gang Hongsu T'ongjeso, 2010.

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Khaladkar, R. M. Alarming rise in the number and intensity of extreme point rainfall events over the Indian region under climate change scenario. Pune: Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, 2009.

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Części książek na temat "Rainfall intensity"

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Ehigiator, O. A., i B. U. Anyata. "An Exponential Rainfall Depth-Intensity Formulation for Western Nigeria". W Advanced Materials Research, 557–62. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-450-2.557.

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Bénina, Touaibia, Khelfi Mohamed El Amine i Saeid Eslamian. "Establishment of Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves in Algeria". W Flood Handbook, 343–56. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003262640-21.

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Chatterjee, Dooradarshi, i A. Murali Krishna. "Stability of Two-Layered Earth Slope Under Varying Rainfall Intensity". W Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 373–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0890-5_31.

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Swain, Sabyasachi, Surendra Kumar Mishra i Ashish Pandey. "Assessing Contributions of Intensity-based Rainfall Classes to Annual Rainfall and Wet Days over Tehri Catchment, India". W Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 113–21. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1303-6_9.

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Jamaludin, Suhaimi, Che Hassandi Abdullah i Norhidayu Kasim. "Rainfall Intensity and Duration for Debris Flow Triggering in Peninsular Malaysia". W Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment, 167–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04999-1_20.

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Gratchev, Ivan, Sinnappoo Ravindran, Dong Hyun Kim, Chen Cui i Qianhao Tang. "Mechanisms of Shallow Rainfall-Induced Landslides from Australia: Insights into Field and Laboratory Investigations". W Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 1, 2022, 113–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_7.

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AbstractThis paper presents and discusses the mechanisms of rainfall-induced shallow landslides that commonly occur in South East Queensland (SEQ) and northern New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The major factors causing the formation of landslide mass such as geology, weathering, and rainfall patterns were discussed. Results from field surveys and laboratory testing of rock/soil material from landslide masses were presented, and relationships between the material strength and landslide occurrence were drawn. It was found that most of shallow slides were related to sandstone deposits. Those failures occurred on natural slopes and road cuts with the inclination of the failure plane being in the range of 35–45°. For natural slopes where the landslide mass mostly consisted of coarse-grained soil, the relationship between the soil strength and water content was established. In addition, the relationship between rainfall patterns such as intensity and duration, and the landslide occurrence was presented. Based on the data from field work and laboratory results including a series of flume tests, the mechanism of shallow landslides triggered by rainfall events was identified and discussed.
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Malyse, Majoumo Christelle. "Rainfall Variability and Adaptation of Tomatoes Farmers in Santa: Northwest Region of Cameroon". W African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 699–711. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_138.

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AbstractThe Santa agrarian basin being one of the main market gardening basins in Cameroon and one of the producers of tomatoes in the country is vulnerable to the impact of rainfall variability. The spatiotemporal variability of rainfall through the annual, monthly, and daily fluctuations has greatly affected the market gardening sector in general and tomatoes production in particular. Thus, given rise to the research topic “Rainfall variability and adaptation of tomatoes farmers in Santa North west region of Cameroon,” its principal objective is to contribute to better understanding of the recent changes occurring in tomatoes production and productivity in Santa. To attain this objective, a principal hypothesis was formulated that rainfall variability instead of unnatural conditions or human constraints justifies changes observed in tomatoes production in Santa and resulting adaptation strategies developed by peasants and stakeholders.Our study came out with several findings, among which includes rainfall events in Santa fluctuate in time and in space with reduction in the number of rainy day and increase in the intensity of rainfall events causing soil erosion, infertility, and frequent crop diseases, insects, and pests. Extreme events such as drought and flooding have equally become frequent in the area especially during the different cycles of tomatoes production disrupting the agricultural calendar and causing crop failure and decrease in yields with Pearson’s correlation of 0.017. This positive value shows that there is a relationship between annual rainfall and tomatoes output in Santa. Tomatoes farmers in Santa are struggling to adapt locally to this situations, but their efforts are still limited especially due to their low level of education and poverty. Finally, it was seen that the output of tomatoes over the years in Santa has a strong correlation with rainfall. Based on the findings of this study, the government is called upon to assist farmers in their adaptation options.
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Agilan, V., i N. V. Umamahesh. "Analyzing Non-stationarity in the Hyderabad City Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves". W Climate Change Impacts, 117–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5714-4_9.

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Kasim, N., K. A. Taib, N. A. A. Ghazali, W. N. A. W. Azahar, N. N. Ismail, Nadiah Md Husain, A. B. Ramli, S. A. Saad, S. A. Masjuki i S. L. Ibrahim. "Rainfall Intensity (I)–Duration (D) Induced Debris Flow Occurrences in Peninsular Malaysia". W Proceedings of AICCE'19, 897–903. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32816-0_66.

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Abouammoh, A. M. "The Distribution of Monthly Rainfall Intensity at Some Sites in Saudi Arabia". W Statistical Methods for the Environmental Sciences, 11–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3186-5_2.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Rainfall intensity"

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Cleveland, Theodore G., i David B. Thompson. "Rainfall Intensity in Design". W World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)41.

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Agosta, Martina, Vincenzo Bagarello, Gaetano Caltabellotta, Francesco Giuseppe Carollo, Girolamo Vaccaro i Vincenzo Pampalone. "Theoretical prediction of rainfall intensity for a small rainfall simulator". W 2022 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor55389.2022.9965068.

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Nakazato, Ryota, Hiroyuki Funakoshi, Tomokazu Ishikawa, Yusuke Kameda, Ichiro Matsuda i Susumu Itoh. "Rainfall intensity estimation from sound for generating CG of rainfall scenes". W 2018 International Workshop on Advanced Image Technology (IWAIT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwait.2018.8369692.

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Alzamily, Shereen A., Asad H. Aldefae i Salah L. Zubaidi. "Effect of Rainfall Intensity on Channel Sediment". W 2021 International Conference on Advance of Sustainable Engineering and its Application (ICASEA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icasea53739.2021.9733086.

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Tuan Zea Tan, Gary Kee Khoon Lee, Shie-Yui Liong, Tian Kuay Lim, Jiawei Chu i Terence Hung. "Rainfall intensity prediction by a spatial-temporal ensemble". W 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2008 - Hong Kong). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4634030.

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Calafate, Carlos T., Karin Cicenia, Oscar Alvear, Juan Carlos Cano i Pietro Manzoni. "Estimating rainfall intensity by using vehicles as sensors". W 2017 Wireless Days (WD). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wd.2017.7918109.

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Mineo, C., E. Ridolfi, C. Bertini i F. Napolitano. "Kinetic energy and rainfall intensity relationships: A review". W CENTRAL EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON THERMOPHYSICS 2019 (CEST). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5114216.

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Lu, Zhizhong, Hong Liu, Rong Zhou, Ying Zhou, Yanbo Wei i Yu Huang. "Research on rainfall identification and rainfall intensity retrieval from X-band navigation radar image". W 2017 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma.2017.8015956.

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Tripathi, P., i A. Chaturvedi. "Temporal Variation of Rainfall Intensity, Rainfall Partitioning and its Correlation with Meteorological Elements of Eastern India". W INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAINFALL RATE AND RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION (ISRR '07). AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2767016.

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BEILICCI, Erika Beata Maria, i Robert BEILICCI. "Influence of Rainfall Characteristics on Runoff in a Small Watershed". W Air and Water – Components of the Environment 2021 Conference Proceedings. Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/awc2021_13.

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Due to climate change, extreme rainfall is more frequent, and the phenomenon of drought and desertification in some parts of the world is accentuated. Scientists forecast that these trends to continue as the planet continue to warm. An increasingly common phenomenon is the occurrence of flash floods in areas where human intervention on natural conditions has been significant. Over this intervention is superimposed the modification of the characteristics of extreme rainfalls (duration, intensity, height), resulting a series of negative consequences on the ecosystems of the watersheds. For their protection, a more accurate forecast of the size and times of occurrence of the maximum water flows and levels in different sections are needed. This forecast must be made with appropriate methods, such as the use of advanced hydroinformatic tools. This paper analyses the influence of rainfall characteristics on runoff in a small watershed, using rainfall-runoff phenomenon modelling. The modelling is realized using advanced hydroinformatic tool MIKE11, developed by Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI).
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Rainfall intensity"

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Wagner, Anna, Christopher Hiemstra, Glen Liston, Katrina Bennett, Dan Cooley i Arthur Gelvin. Changes in climate and its effect on timing of snowmelt and intensity-duration-frequency curves. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41402.

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Snow is a critical water resource for much of the U.S. and failure to account for changes in climate could deleteriously impact military assets. In this study, we produced historical and future snow trends through modeling at three military sites (in Washington, Colorado, and North Dakota) and the Western U.S. For selected rivers, we performed seasonal trend analysis of discharge extremes. We calculated flood frequency curves and estimated the probability of occurrence of future annual maximum daily rainfall depths. Additionally, we generated intensity-duration-frequency curves (IDF) to find rainfall intensities at several return levels. Generally, our results showed a decreasing trend in historical and future snow duration, rain-on-snow events, and snowmelt runoff. This decreasing trend in snowpack could reduce water resources. A statistically significant increase in maximum streamflow for most rivers at the Washington and North Dakota sites occurred for several months of the year. In Colorado, only a few months indicated such an increase. Future IDF curves for Colorado and North Dakota indicated a slight increase in rainfall intensity whereas the Washington site had about a twofold increase. This increase in rainfall intensity could result in major flood events, demonstrating the importance of accounting for climate changes in infrastructure planning.
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Knight, Lynn, i Suzy Hodgson. Economics of Gully Erosion Stabilization. USDA Northeast Climate Hub, lipiec 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6893749.ch.

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Rainfall intensity is increasing in the Northeastern U.S. Stabilizing gullies is one strategy for adapting to this changing climate. This case study evaluates the costs and benefits of restoring gullies at Last Resort Farm.
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Matus, Sean, i Daniel Gambill. Automation of gridded HEC-HMS model development using Python : initial condition testing and calibration applications. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46126.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers’s (USACE) Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) rainfall-runoff model is widely used within the research community to develop both event-based and continuous rainfall-runoff models. The soil moisture accounting (SMA) algorithm is commonly used for long-term simulations. Depending on the final model setup, 12 to 18 parameters are needed to characterize the modeled watershed’s canopy, surface, soil, and routing processes, all of which are potential calibration parameters. HEC-HMS includes optimization tools to facilitate model calibration, but only initial conditions (ICs) can be calibrated when using the gridded SMA algorithm. Calibrating a continuous SMA HEC-HMS model is an iterative process that can require hundreds of simulations, a time intensive process requiring automation. HEC-HMS is written in Java and is predominantly run through a graphical user interface (GUI). As such, conducting a long-term gridded SMA calibration is infeasible using the GUI. USACE Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL) has written a workflow that utilizes the existing Jython application programming interface (API) to batch run HEC-HMS simulations with Python. The workflow allows for gridded SMA HEC-HMS model sensitivity and calibration analyses to be conducted in a timely manner.
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Pradeep Kumar, Kaavya. Reporting in a Warming World: A Media Review. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/rwwmr08.2021.

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The media plays a critical role in terms of shaping public perceptions, but they have a task on their hands in terms of effectively communicating a subject as vast and complex as climate change. India is among the countries most affected and yet reporting on the subject has been episodic, with peaks around the time of climate summits and in the immediate aftermath of disasters such as cyclones, heatwaves and extreme rainfall events. Through a media review, undertaken as part of the Earth Journalism Network Asia-Pacific Media Grant, we sought to understand patterns of representation in news coverage about urban drought and extreme weather events – predicted to occur more frequently and intensely in a warming world. This report details the methodology we followed, our findings and analyses them in the context of other work done as part of the evolving field of climate change communication.
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Gregow, Hilppa, Antti Mäkelä, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Sirkku Juhola, Janina Käyhkö, Adriaan Perrels, Eeva Kuntsi-Reunanen i in. Ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutumisen ohjauskeinot, kustannukset ja alueelliset ulottuvuudet. Suomen ilmastopaneeli, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31885/9789527457047.

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The new EU strategy on adaptation to climate change highlights the urgency of adaptation measures while bringing forth adaptation as vitally important as a response to climate change as mitigation. In order to provide information on how adaptation to climate change has been promoted in Finland and what calls for attention next, we have compiled a comprehensive information package focusing on the following themes: adaptation policy, impacts of climate change including economic impacts, regional adaptation strategies, climate and flood risks in regions and sea areas, and the availability of scientific data. This report consists of two parts. Part 1 of the report examines the work carried out on adaptation in Finland and internationally since 2005, emphasising the directions and priorities of recent research results. The possibilities of adaptation governance are examined through examples, such as how adaptations steering is organised in of the United Kingdom. We also examine other examples and describe the Canadian Climate Change Adaptation Platform (CCAP) model. We apply current information to describe the economic impacts of climate change and highlight the related needs for further information. With regard to regional climate strategy work, we examine the status of adaptation plans by region and the status of the Sámi in national adaptation work. In part 2 of the report, we have collected information on the temporal and local impacts of climate change and compiled extensive tables on changes in weather, climate and marine factors for each of Finland's current regions, the autonomous Åland Islands and five sea areas, the eastern Gulf of Finland, the western Gulf of Finland, the Archipelago Sea, the Bothnian Sea and the Bay of Bothnia. As regards changes in weather and climate factors, the changes already observed in 1991-2020 are examined compared to 1981-2010 and future changes until 2050 are described. For weather and climate factors, we examine average temperature, precipitation, thermal season duration, highest and lowest temperatures per day, the number of frost days, the depth and prevalence of snow, the intensity of heavy rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed, and the amount of frost per season (winter, spring, summer, autumn). Flood risks, i.e. water system floods, run-off water floods and sea water floods, are discussed from the perspective of catchment areas by region. The impacts of floods on the sea in terms of pollution are also assessed by sea area, especially for coastal areas. With regard to marine change factors, we examine surface temperature, salinity, medium water level, sea flood risk, waves, and sea ice. We also describe combined risks towards sea areas. With this report, we demonstrate what is known about climate change adaptation, what is not, and what calls for particular attention. The results can be utilised to strengthen Finland's climate policy so that the implementation of climate change adaptation is strengthened alongside climate change mitigation efforts. In practice, the report serves the reform of the National Climate Change Adaptation Plan and the development of steering measures for adaptation to climate change both nationally and regionally. Due to its scale, the report also serves e.g. the United Nations’ aim of protecting marine life in the Baltic Sea and the national implementation of the EU strategy for adaptation to climate change. As a whole, the implementation of adaptation policy in Finland must be speeded up swiftly in order to achieve the objectives set and ensure sufficient progress in adaptation in different sectors. The development of binding regulation and the systematic evaluation, monitoring and support of voluntary measures play a key role.
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Accounting for Changes in Extreme Daily Rainfall Intensity in Pacific Island Countries. Asian Development Bank, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/arm210446-2.

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