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Branković, Nedžad, Aida Kalem i Adisa Medić. "Development of mobile communication systems for high-speed railway". Science, Engineering and Technology 1, nr 1 (30.04.2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54327/set2021/v1.i1.2.
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Development of high-speed railways set up challenges for new communication technologies. With the increase in speed, new requirements for communication systems have emerged that HSR requires greater reliability, capacity and shorter response time for efficient and safe operations. Mobile communication systems are crucial for the competitiveness of the railway industry and therefore have become one of the priorities addressed by the participants in the railway system to take advantage of technological opportunities to improve operational processes and the quality of provided transport services. The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) uses the Global System for Mobile Communications for Railways (GSM-R) for voice and data communication to communicate between trains and control centers. The International Railway Union is exploring new ways of communicating for high-speed railways because as speed increases this system becomes unreliable in information transmission. This paperwork presents an analysis of the evolution of communications on European railways since the usage of GSM-R. In addition, an overview of the various alternative solutions proposed during the time (LTE-R, Future Railway Mobile Communication System) as possible successors to GSM-R technology is given.
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Libati, Hastings M., Captain F. Kanungwe, Fines Miyoba i Ndiwa Mutemwa. "Development of a Real Time Trains Monitoring System". Zambia ICT Journal 1, nr 1 (11.12.2017): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33260/zictjournal.v1i1.15.
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With the evolution of technology that has occurred in digital systems, new services have appeared that can be applied in railways. Radio communications play an important role in the management of, exploration and maintenance of railway transports. Due to the importance of efficient service delivery and security in railways, there is need to integrate the use of the Global System for Mobile communication and global positioning systems. Transportation is a large and important part of the economy of any country. Railway transportation is one of the main transportation systems worldwide. To this effect, we should have a good and strong monitoring system that can locate a train at every instant. In this research, a proposal has been made for the implementation of a Global Positioning System (GPS) and global system for mobile communication (GSM) based train monitoring system on Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) railway network that will enable controllers locate their trains at every instant. The GPS-GSM/GPRS (General Packet Radio System) module will be incorporated in the system. A GSM/GPRS module will transmit the location information to a web server. Every track and locomotive will be assigned a unique number for identification. The information of the train location will be continuously updated when the train is moving and the users will be accessing the information via the web. The updated information will be stored in the web server. Clients will request for particular train status and a designed web application will show the status in a Google map. An alternative radio voice communication system will be incorporated in the locomotives in case of failure on the monitoring system. This implementation will greatly improve service delivery to the company.
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Kolesnikov, Igor, Natalya Yaronova, Janibek Kurbanov i Nozima Khusnidinova. "Intelligent railway transport radio communication based on neural networks". E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 05044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126405044.
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The article is devoted to the features of GSM-R as a basis for organizing a digital radio communication system on the railway to apply the European Integrated Radio Communication for the railways of Uzbekistan. The role of GSM-R for the interaction of digital radio communication with the European integrated system for expanding the functions of railway radio communication and safe movement of high-speed trains is shown. The article identifies the possibilities of building modern digital communication of the railway. The GSM-R communication network, its services and architecture for organizing digital communication were also defined. Recommendations on the use of GSM-R on the railway of Uzbekistan are given. It has been established that mobile communications should be a heterogeneous (heterogeneous) architecture. Also, it must have a variety of access networks that could operate in any frequency ranges.
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Zhuravleva, L. M., A. N. Malykh i A. N. Malykh. "NANOMATERIALS AND OPTOELECTRONICS IN HIGH-SPEED COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS". World of Transport and Transportation 14, nr 2 (28.04.2016): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2016-14-2-8.
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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article considers issues concerning increase in capacity of fiber-optic systems used on railways. The main directions of increasing information transmission speed are reviewed and analyzed, particularly enhancement of high-speed response of optical modulators and photodetectors through improving functional environment of optoelectronic devices and reducing inertia of the material. For this purpose, new materials are proposed in the form of multilayer nanostructures, along with manufacturing techniques and methods of assessing their quality characteristics required for design of new optoelectronic devices, that will positively affect railway communication systems’ performance. Keywords: railways, communication channels, information network, isotope effect, bandwidth, nanostructure, fiber-optic system, optoelectronic devices.
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Pencheva, Evelina, Ivaylo Atanasov i Ventsislav Trifonov. "Identity Management in Future Railway Mobile Communication System". Applied Sciences 12, nr 9 (24.04.2022): 4293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094293.
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The Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS) has emerged as a worldwide standard for railway communication. This technology enables the operational efficiency and safety of railways to be improved by providing mission critical communications, machine-type communication for the railway system on board, in addition to trackside telemetry and broadband connectivity for passengers. Different equipment types, users, and functional identities can be involved in communication, and each of them is uniquely identified. Identity management is an important part of the security functions provided by the FRMCS system. This paper presents a service-oriented approach to identity management functionality, enabling service composition for railway applications and service virtualization. This paper studies functionality for the initial registration and subsequent deregistration of railway devices, users, and their functional identities, in addition to the transfer of the registered identities between different FRMCS serving areas while the train moves. Two FRMCS services that follow the principles of representational state transfer architecture are proposed. Services’ functionality is illustrated by use cases, data types, and application programming interfaces that enable services to be interacted with. Identity registration status models are developed, formally described, and mathematically verified. Discussion of the applicability of the proposed services for the implementation of FRMCS security and safety functions is provided. The presented service-oriented approach features a satisfactory level of flexibility and versatility.
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Rahul, V., Ch Kowsalya Devi i Dr Mohammed Ali Hussain. "Energy conservation technique for smart transportation system". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 2.7 (18.03.2018): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10756.
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Electricity is a primary concern everywhere and for everyone. In our daily transportation, we observe most of the time electricity is used unnecessarily and Electric short-circuits occur frequently. Railway coaches are mainly considered in this paper. We have described how to reduce electricity consumption in railway coaches using the raspberry pi and ultrasonic sensors interconnected to the cloud. Considering present smart coaches in railways, the passenger count and their comfort are taken as challenging, but not the production and conservation of electricity. The annual power consumption of Indian Railways is nearly 4% out of countries annual power consumption. Not only in railways systems, this can be further implemented in any other transport systems or in any platforms as well, by this we can reduce the human intervention. Where the loco pilot can control the electricity usage from his cabin, if not it is automated. However, the wireless communication technologies are secured by SSL (Secure Socket Layer). Simply we connect all the required interfaces to pi to acquire the output.
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Korde, Nikhil, i Dinesh Rojatkar. "A Survey on Transferring Standards of GSM-R in Railway Sector". International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 5, nr 1 (2017): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.511717.
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GSM-Railways (GSM-R), which is evolutionary railway mobile communication technology, are gradually replacing analogue radio systems. Although GSM-R is an impossible achievement in terms of European railway interoperability, from a telecommunication point of view, it is successive technology. This study present the transfer of a telecommunication standard to another railways and it studies whether the adoption of an upgraded version of the GSM standard (GSM‐R) turned out to be an efficient choice. The transfer and deployment of GSM‐R is technically importance to the success of another European railway project. The introduction of the new signaling system rests on achieving interoperability in radio‐communication.The study will focus on the GSM-R part of the ERTMS system and its interworking with ETCS.
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Fernández-Berrueta, Nerea, Jon Goya, Jaione Arrizabalaga, Iker Moya i Jaizki Mendizabal. "Railway Wireless Communications Channel Characterization". Applied Sciences 12, nr 1 (30.12.2021): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010345.
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Railway applications are in continuous evolution with the aim of offering a more efficient, sustainable, and safer transportation system for the users. Generally, these applications are constantly exchanging information between the systems onboard the train and the trackside through a wireless communication. Nowadays, Global System for Mobile communications-Railway (GSM-R) is the technology used by European Train Control System (ETCS), but it is becoming obsolete. Therefore, alternatives for this technology have to be found for the different railway applications. Its natural evolution is to move forward with the latest technology deployed: Long-Term Evolution (LTE), which the Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN) have already deployed. Therefore, testing the performance of this communication technology in the railway environment could be useful to assess its suitability and reduce the cost of railway network dedicated deployment. In order to do that, a methodology to characterize the communication environment is proposed. The main goal is to measure geolocated impairments of any communication channel in a railway environment being able to determine its behavior of the different communication technologies and find out possible coverage issues. Moreover, it could help in the selection of suitable communication technology for railway. This paper presents a brief description of the communication for railways and its QoS parameters for performance measuring. Afterward, the testing methodology is described, and then, the communication channel measurement campaign on a real track in Spain where the railway environment is variable is presented (tunnels, rural/urban area…). Finally, the measurements and results on this real track in Spain are shown. The results provide suitability of the 4G technologies based on the delay requirements for the implementation of ETCS over it.
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Islam, Umar, Rami Qays Malik, Amnah S. Al-Johani, Muhammad Riaz Khan, Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh, Ijaz Ahmad, Khalid A. Alissa, Zulkiflee Abdul-Samad i Elsayed M. Tag-Eldin. "A Novel Anomaly Detection System on the Internet of Railways Using Extended Neural Networks". Electronics 11, nr 18 (6.09.2022): 2813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11182813.
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The Internet of Railways (IoR) network is made up of a variety of sensors, actuators, network layers, and communication systems that work together to build a railway system. The IoR’s success depends on effective communication. A network of railways uses a variety of protocols to share and transmit information amongst each other. Because of the widespread usage of wireless technology on trains, the entire system is susceptible to hacks. These hacks could lead to harmful behavior on the Internet of Railways if they spread sensitive data to an infected network or a fake user. For the previous few years, spotting IoR attacks has been incredibly challenging. To detect malicious intrusions, models based on machine learning and deep learning must still contend with the problem of selecting features. k-means clustering has been used for feature scoring and ranking because of this. To categorize attacks in two datasets, the Internet of Railways and the University of New South Wales, we employed a new neural network model, the extended neural network (ENN). Accuracy and precision were among the model’s strengths. According to our proposed ENN model, the feature-scoring technique performed well. The most accurate models in dataset 1 (UNSW-NB15) were based on deep neural networks (DNNs) (92.2%), long short-term memory LSTM (90.9%), and ENN (99.7%). To categorize attacks, the second dataset (IOR dataset) yielded the highest accuracy (99.3%) for ENN, followed by CNN (87%), LSTM (89%), and DNN (82.3%).
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Strelko, Oleh, Oleh Pylypchuk i Oksana Pylypchuk. "Study of development of regional railway system in Bukovyna". History of science and technology 12, nr 1 (19.06.2022): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2022-12-1-133-149.
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The article is devoted to the study, generalization and systematization of scientific knowledge about the history of the establishment, development and operation of the regional railway system in Bukovyna in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries. The authors attempted to analyze the process of creation and operation of railways in Bukovyna during the reign of the Austro-Hungarian Empire based on a wide range of previously unpublished archival documents, periodicals, statistical literature and memoirs. The article studies the development of organizational bases for the construction of railways, the activity of the communication network management, lists a whole range of requirements and tasks set for railway transport in Bukovyna, the progress of their implementation, considers successes and difficulties in this work. It is determined that private railways, as important transport arteries of Bukovyna, were of national importance and played a significant role in the transport system of Austria-Hungarian Empire. They served the leading economic districts of Bukovyna, acting as an integral part of production in each of them. In other words, they were used for development of local, intersectoral and interregional relations. Regional railways, first of all, played an important role in the social and economic life of Bukovyna region. In most cases, they did not carry the strategic cargo, but made it possible to connect the most remote corners of separate areas of the region into a single whole. In practice, local railways were a significant addition to the main central line, providing the latter with a greater intensity of cargo and passenger turnover and thus increasing their profitability. At the same time, the trade volume between the outskirts and the center of the Austro-Hungarian Empire was increased. It contributed to the intensification of economic development of certain districts of Bukovyna region.
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Kanayev, Andrey, Andrey Pryvalov, Vladimir Kotov, Arkadiy Lebedinskiy, Pavel Plekhanov i Dmytriy Poyenkov. "Telecommunication systems and high-speed railway transport networks". Bulletin of scientific research results, nr 3 (17.10.2017): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2017-3-28-46.
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Objective: To consider the main approaches to organization of systems and communication networks on high-speed railway transport and provide cyber security on the basis of current international and home practice in the given sphere. Methods: Game-theory approach, hierarchy analysis method as well as topological transformation of stochastic networks were applied in the given study. Results: It was detected that a single realization of organizational and technical measures on cyber security cannot provide strong security from threats of cyber security during a long period of time; the latter is connected with constant development of data infrastructure, modification of methods, as well as the methods of attacks, potential attacker opportunities and other factors. Telecommunication networks’ security (TKS) of OJSC “Russian railways” and high-speed railway lines (VSM) from cyber impact is a systemic problem, for the solution of which fundamental research studies are to be conducted, aimed at the detection of basic patterns of information confrontation and directions of TKS cyber security provision and, subsequently, research and development activities for creating an automated communication control system of OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM, the constituent part of which is a subsystem of TKS information security. It is advisable to create an expert council based at regional transport universities, which provide extensive analysis conduct of systems and means of providing information security offered by the industry, as well as cyber security of OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM critically important systems including TKS. Practical importance: The realization of the suggested approach to OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM cyber security provision will make it possible to form the conditions for safe functioning of elements of information infrastructure, provide the creation, effective functioning and the improvement of cyber security control system, as well as to minimize damage from possible attack attempts.
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Verma, Anshul, i K. K. Pattanaik. "Multi-Agent Communication Based Train Control System for Indian Railways: The Structural Design". Journal of Software 10, nr 3 (marzec 2015): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17706/jsw.10.3.250-259.
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Pasichnyk, S. S., i N. V. Bezrukavyi. "Study of the elastically deformed state of a wheel-rail pair with different initial profiles and wear degrees". Technical mechanics 2022, nr 1 (26.04.2022): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/itm2022.01.067.
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A topical problem for the Ukrainian railway transport is its integration into the world’s transport system. The Ukrainian and the European railways differ in rail track parameters, which complicates railway communication. As shown by international experience, the most promising way to resolve this problem is to use gage-changeable wheelsets, which may be adjusted to different track gages. Besides, the Ukrainian and the EU railways use different wheel and rail profiles, whose shape greatly affects the rail?vehicle interaction. In service, the profile geometry may change significantly due to contacting pair wearing-in, which may result in a number of negative consequences caused by rail and wheel profile mismatch. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the wear-caused change of the initial rail and wheel profiles on the elastically deformed state of wheel?rail pairs for wheelsets operating on 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gage railways without truck change. Worn wheel and rail profiles were studied by mathematical and computer simulation. The elastically deformed state of a wheel?rail pair was studied by the finite-element method, which allows one to analyze various complex-geometry engineering structures and perform a 3D simulation of physical processes. The interaction of worn wheels and rails with initial profiles used on 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gage railways was analyzed to give the contact stress distribution over the wheel and rail profile zones for wheel?rail contact pairs theoretically possible in Ukraine?EU railway communication. This made it possible to assess rail?vehicle interaction conditions in Ukraine?EU railway communication without wheelset change. The results of the study of the effect of wheel profile change on the elastically deformed state made it possible to formulate recommendations on the practicability of existing profiles and direct ways to improving the profile geometry of wheelsets operating on 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gage railways without truck change.
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Voulfov, A. B. "Domestic railways through the prism of the country's history". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 2, nr 4 (24.11.2021): 454–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2021.4.454-462.
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The construction of railways in Russia, as well as throughout the world, contributed to the emergence of numerous new areas of social life, including stimulating the emergence of previously unknown new sectors of the economy. On the basis of a historical review, the mission of the railways in improving the Russian society is considered, the spheres of influence on public life, aesthetic education and enrichment of the appearance of the landscape, the development of the sphere of enlightenment and education, missionary work, and service are listed. Examples of solving the problem of long-distance year-round communication, regardless of the climate, main communication across the vastness of Russia, the creation of a special tradition of transportation, which determined the still living everyday style of life of Russian railways, are given.Having spawned a new tradition of messages, people have created a different system of relationships with the world. The railway has played a leading role in this and has a long and honorable history, it is a great chronicle of heroism, labor, scientific thought and culture.The study is devoted to the initial stage of development of railways and aspects of their impact on the life of Russians. The following will describe the historical events that predetermined the current state of domestic railways in the context of the everyday life of compatriots.
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Kosmin, V. V. "Levels of automation and design standards in transport". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 3, nr 4 (2.12.2022): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2022.4.410-416.
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The existing scheme of classification of transport routes (railways and roads) depending on the intensity of the traffic load — flows of vehicles and speeds of their movement — is shown. It is noted that there are no universal classifications of transport routes at the global level within the same transport mode. There are national, regional and network-based pathway classification systems. Due to the development of digital traffic management systems in transport, classifications of lines of transport depending on the level of automation of the rolling stock have started to appear. The classifications adopted in the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the main modes of transport — land (railways, roads), water (maritime and river transport) — considered. Bearing in mind the railway transport of the Russian Federation, the set of basic concepts adopted in the Provisional National Standard of the Russian Federation given the levels of automation in the control system of railway rolling stock in automatic and remote modes, predetermining the requirements for railway infrastructure — structures and devices, respectively. A similar situation found in the classification system for smart roads proposed by the International Road Congress Association. A conclusion on the need to revise the normative documentation for the design of construction (reconstruction) of communication lines to include a calculated level of automation formulated.
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Chun-ying, Ma, i Li Biqing. "Software Design of a Railway Signal Monitoring System based on Optical Fiber Sensing". International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 14, nr 08 (30.08.2018): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v14i08.9180.
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The current railway track circuit monitoring system is prone to disturbances that can result in accidents. Meanwhile, basic signaling equipment is slow and cannot achieve satisfactory real-time data acquisition speed. This study aims to solve the aforementioned problems by designing an online monitoring and management platform for railway signal infrastructure, which is based on the graphical programming language LabVIEW. Online monitoring and management of railways’ basic signaling equipment allow real-time collection and communication of various signal equipment data. These processes also enable signal processing, chart display, acousto-optic alarm, user authority management, data storage, data query analysis, and report printing. The test results show that the LabVIEW-based basic signaling equipment for monitoring and managing railway systems can transmit data correctly and steadily, thereby resulting in convenient and ideal operation.
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Dvulit, Zoriana, Liana Maznyk i O. Mykytiuk. "Methodical to determinant the priority directions of transportation of railway rolling stock operators in the field of freight". Management and Entrepreneurship in Ukraine: the stages of formation and problems of development 2022, nr 1 (1.06.2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/smeu2022.01.016.
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In recent years decrease in volumes for all types, except imports by types of freight transportation by the railways of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring mutually beneficial cooperation between cargo owners and freight carriers in the field of railway transportation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine the priorities in the area of servicing freight owners by Ukrainian railways to ensure the validity of relevant management decisions by the railway rolling stock operators. In the study, we used several research methods – monographic, methods of comparison and systematization, the method of expert evaluation. Results: to achieve this goal, it is proposed to form an information base with a survey of cargo owners on the degree of their satisfaction with the management level of transport work on the railways. Such activities will help improve the system of monitoring the satisfaction of consumers of transport services. Methodological approaches to determining the priority directions of transportation of Ukrainian railways in the field of freight transport, which provide a monitoring system with an appropriate questionnaire and methods of processing results, were proposed. According to the survey results, the communication system between cargo owners and Ukrainian railways was diagnosed: almost 20% of cargo owners admitted that they have a shortage of cars to transport their goods; more than half of them are dissatisfied with the limited volume of traffic; only one in five respondents believes that the fare for the carriage of goods corresponds to the “price-quality” ratio; the validity of the size of the income rate is evident only for 14% of respondents. As a proposal for the management of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia,” we see it suitable to create a system of monitoring the degree of satisfaction of cargo owners with the level of service of Ukrainian railways in the field of freight transportation based on the survey. It is concluded that the application of the proposed approaches will determine the priority areas in the field of service of freight owners by Ukrainian railways and increase the validity of relevant management decisions.
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Scarato, Luciane. "The Railways as a Character: Representations of Conviviality in Brazilian Literature". Latin American Literary Review 48, nr 95 (4.11.2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26824/lalr.177.
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Stemming from the early railway system in Brazil, this article builds on conviviality in Latin America. Scholarship traditionally looks at railroads to analyse economy, architecture, and labour. However, the extent to which railroads changed everyday interactions within the smallest contexts remains overlooked. To fill in this gap, it draws from novels, plays, and short stories written between the late-nineteenth century and the first three decades of the twentieth century. This timeframe corresponds to the “railway boom” in Brazil and encompasses renowned authors such as Machado de Assis but also glossed over authors, as Júlia Lopes de Almeida. Literary sources such as these allow the analysis of the impact that trains had on the everyday that would, otherwise, remain unknown. This communication, thus, is an effort of bringing the railways and its surrounding characters, particularly the outcasts, to the forefront of Brazilian [hi]stories. The connection between railways and progress in Brazil is critical in this presentation, alongside women’s pivotal role in the convivial environments that the railway engendered. In doing so, it aims to demonstrate that the colonial discourse of civilization versus barbarism crystallised, adapted, and changed with the implementation of the railway system in such as unequal society as Brazil.
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Tan, Zihang, Chaozheng Xu, Zijian Yin, Xingjun Tian i Shijiao Lu. "Research on AT traction network relay protection model based on Feeding Section". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2310, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2310/1/012081.
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Abstract Relay protection for AT traction networks is the key to maintaining safe and reliable operation of high-speed railways. Existing relay protection in the electrical supply network of high-speed railways often ensures its reliability at the expense of its selectivity. The current reliability-first relay protection scheme no longer meets the current safety requirements for high-speed railway operations, so the need to select a more optimised relay protection scheme is crucial. The fully parallel AT power supply method used in high-speed railways has the Feeding Section as the basic unit. Optimising the relay protection mode of the Feeding Section is of great help in optimising the AT traction network relay protection system. In this paper, the IED model for the protection of the entire Feeding Section is established by building a model based on the relevant rules of the IEC 61850 communication protocol and configuring the parameters of each logical node, starting from the actual project of the high-speed railway. The OPNET software was used to carry out simulations to prove that the IED model for line protection based on the supply arm can effectively balance the reliability and selectivity of relay protection.
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Gridin, V. N., V. V. Doenin i V. S. Panishchev. "ON CONSTRUCTION OF AN INTELLIGENT SUBSYSTEM FOR ANALYZING THE PARAMETERS OF A MARSHALLING HUB". World of Transport and Transportation 15, nr 4 (28.08.2017): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-4-1.
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For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version).The work was supported by the Russian Fundamental Research Foundation, project 17-20-01133 ofi_m_ Russian Railways. ABSTRACT The article considers the issues of continuous monitoring of the situation at the marshalling yard and detection of the possibility of occurrence of dangerous situations. An approach is proposed for constructing an automated intellectual subsystem for analyzing and timely forecasting the critical utilization of railway sorting units. The solution of the problem is proposed with the help of network communication technologies due to the use of information from automated data collection systems and the neural network decision support subsystem. Keywords: transport, intellectual system, system analysis, forecasting of critical situations, simulation modeling, sorting node, neural network, information, communication technologies.
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Morris-Suzuki, Tessa. "Centralisation and Decentralisation in Japan's ‘Information Society’". Media Information Australia 44, nr 1 (maj 1987): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704400112.
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Not long after midnight on 29 November 1985, a small group of guerillas belonging to the radical organisation Chukaku-ha, slashed the underground communications cables serving the Japan National Railways network in Tokyo and Osaka. They were protesting at government plans to privatise the railway system, but their action was perhaps more important for the way in which it focused attention on a quite different economic and social issue. In a single swift sortie, a handful of people had been able to prevent the movement of some 4.5 million computers, and bring the life of one of the world's largest cities to a temporary halt. Nothing could more effectively have demonstrated the great and growing dependence of contemporary social systems on the communication of information, not only between individual and individual, but also between computer and computer.
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Odinokov, A. S. "Corporate requirements and training of personnel for railway transport in the system of secondary vocational education". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 2, nr 1 (27.03.2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2021.1.33-39.
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The modern system of secondary vocational education must meet the requirements of practice-orientedness, take into account the requirements of employers to the level of development of general and professional competencies of employees in specific specialties, taking into account the specifics of the type of professional activity. The core of the national qualifications system is represented by professional standards developed jointly with leading companies in the Russian national economy. Actual expectations and needs of employers are guidelines for them educational system of secondary vocational education in the process of modernizing educational standards and programs. Russian Railways, as a natural monopoly, takes an active part in the development of industry education and training for railway transport. The content of requirements for middle-level employees, who make up more than a quarter of the company’s staff, in specific areas of training is reflected in corporate standards.A brief historical review confirms the conclusion about the practical orientation of secondary vocational education in the field of railway transport, the significant accumulated experience of industry vocational education, the active participation of the relevant department, and then Russian Railways, in its optimization. The growing demand of the company for middle-level employees, skilled workers and employees is matched by the growth in the number of graduates of secondary vocational education institutions.The results of a comparative analysis of the content of the provisions of the Federal State Educational Standard of secondary vocational education and local acts of JSC Russian Railways related to the educational and professional training of technicians in the field of communication in railway transport are presented. The purpose of the study is to determine the similarities and differences in the requirements of corporate and educational standards for the composition and level of development of professional competencies among employees of this specialty. The findings will make it possible to identify ways to optimize the FSES of secondary vocational education in relation to the results of educational training, taking into account the expectations of the employer.
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Liu, Pengyu, Bo Ai, Zhangdui Zhong i Xiaojuan Zhou. "A Novel Train-to-Train Communication Model Design Based on Multihop in High-Speed Railway". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/475492.
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Railway telematics applications are currently attracting attention and are under intense research. Reliable railway telematics applications increasingly tend to require a subsidiary means to help existent control system make train operation safer and more efficient. Since 2006, train-to-train communication has been studied to respond to such requirements. A key characteristic of train-to-train communication is that operation control to avoid possible accidents is conducted among trains without help of a base station. This paper proposes a novel train-to-train communication model in a physical layer based on multihop and cooperation, taking a high-speed railway propagation channel into account. The mechanism of this model lies in the idea that a source train uses trains on other tracks as relays to transmit signals to destination train on the same track. Based on occurrence of these potential relays, such mechanism can be divided into three cases. In each case, BER is applied to evaluate properties of the proposed communication model. Simulation results show that BER of the train-to-train communication model decreases to10−6when SNR is 10 dB and that the minimum receiving voltage of this model is −84 dBm, which is 8 dBm lower than the standards established by the International Union of Railways (UIC) in a high-speed railway scenario.
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Bhatt, Maharshi K., Bhavin S. Sedani i Komal Borisagar. "Performance analysis of massive multiple input multiple output for high speed railway". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, nr 6 (1.12.2021): 5180. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp5180-5188.
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This paper analytically reviews the performance of massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system for communication in highly mobility scenarios like high speed Railways. As popularity of high speed train increasing day by day, high data rate wireless communication system for high speed train is extremely required. 5G wireless communication systems must be designed to meet the requirement of high speed broadband services at speed of around 500 km/h, which is the expected speed achievable by HSR systems, at a data rate of 180 Mbps or higher. Significant challenges of high mobility communications are fast time-varying fading, channel estimation errors, doppler diversity, carrier frequency offset, inter carrier interference, high penetration loss and fast and frequent handovers. Therefore, crucial requirement to design high mobility communication channel models or systems prevails. Recently, massive MIMO techniques have been proposed to significantly improve the performance of wireless networks for upcoming 5G technology. Massive MIMO provide high throughput and high energy efficiency in wireless communication channel. In this paper, key findings, challenges and requirements to provide high speed wireless communication onboard the high speed train is pointed out after thorough literature review. In last, future research scope to bridge the research gap by designing efficient channel model by using massive MIMO and other optimization method is mentioned.
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Kuzmina, Natalia, Valentina Shirokova, Svetlana Sitnikova i Valentina Eltsova. "Networking of educational institutions and commercial enterprises". Eduweb 15, nr 3 (30.11.2021): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46502/issn.1856-7576/2021.15.03.22.
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Currently, in Russia there is a systemic gap between the educational service market and employers’ requirements for a university graduate. Employers are not satisfied with the educational system, which cannot close this gap on its own. This situation requires access to an open educational system, which implies involvement in the training of both the educational institution and employer. As part of the research, a hypothesis about the greater efficiency of future specialist training in the format of network interaction between educational institutions and commercial companies was put forward. The purpose of the research is to prove that future specialist training in the format of networking between educational institutions and for-profit companies is more effective than the classical student training programme in Russia. As part of the research, with the case method, the essence of network interaction between educational institutions and for-profit entities and their optimal format were discovered by the example of communication between the Far Eastern State University of Communications and Russian Railways JSC. In addition, an experiment to confirm or refute the hypothesis put forward was conducted. As a result of the research, the essence of networking between educational institutions and for-profit entities. The experiment carried out confirmed the hypothesis about the greater efficiency of future specialist training for the railway sector in the format of networking between educational institutions and the Russian Railways company.
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Mariscotti, Andrea. "The Electrical Behaviour of Railway Pantograph Arcs". Energies 16, nr 3 (2.02.2023): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031465.
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Electric arcing is an unavoidable consequence of the current collection process by sliding contact in railways and metros, and in general in many electrified transportation systems (ETSs). The most relevant consequences in an electrical perspective are: the occurrence of transients triggering resonant behaviour and transient responses, reduction of the energy efficiency of the system, conducted and radiated disturbance, in particular for the new radio systems widely employed for signalling and communication. The involved parameters are many (type of materials, current intensity, DC and AC supply, relative speed, temperature), as well as the studied characteristics (arc instability and lifetime, dynamic behaviour, electrical system response, radiation efficiency and coupling to external radio systems). This work reports the state of the art in arc modelling, arcing experimental characterisation, interaction with the supply system, radiated emissions and disturbance to radio systems, providing a complete description of phenomena and of reference data, critically discussing similarity and differences between sources. Proposed arc models are many with different assumptions and simplifications for various applications, so that a critical review and discussion are a necessity, considering the many different approaches and not-so-obvious applicability. The comparison with experimental results highlights unavoidable discrepancies, also because of intrinsic arc variability and for the many involved parameters and operating conditions. The impact of the arc as embedded in the railway system is then considered, speaking of conducted and radiated phenomena, including interference to radio communication systems and arc detection. The most prominent effect for conducted emissions is the excitation of system resonances, including the LC filters onboard rolling stock and substations in DC railways, with consequences for disturbance and energy efficiency, and this is discussed in detail. Conversely, for high frequency emissions, the attenuation along the line circuit is significant and the effective distance of propagation is limited; nevertheless radiated electromagnetic field emissions are a relevant source of disturbance for radio systems within the ETS premises and outside (e.g., at airports). The published approaches to quantify performance reduction are discussed with emphasis on experimental methods.
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BARANOVA, Vasilisa Vyacheslavovna. "RAILWAY IMPACT ON PROFESSIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF POPULATION AND TOWN INFRASTRUCTURE". Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, nr 177 (2018): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2018-23-177-159-164.
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Railways were the important integration factor in the system of state economy in the middle of the 19th century, they supported connection and integration of communication lines of Central Black Earth Region and the whole country as well. Railway transport was a system that has influenced on the economy, level of life, health, culture, and education. For example, for the realization of social and cultural functions railway department created the network of institutions, thus, developing social and cultural infrastructure. The process of society modernization at the expenses of creating quick and reliable transport network touched not only the centre of the country, but the provinces as well. In the second half of the 19th century the image of the provinces started to change in people’s minds. It was the railway road that brought “the new life” of market affairs to the most distant villages and towns, some of them then became the railway stations.
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Hololobova, O. O., S. Y. Buriak, V. I. Havryliuk, R. V. R. V. Markul, A. M. Afanasov i D. S. Bilukhin. "Determination of the Origin of Failures in the Operation of the Automatic Locomotive Signaling". Science and Transport Progress, nr 6(96) (20.12.2021): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/257914.
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Purpose. The safety of the transportation process in railway transport and its continuous operation to a large extent depend on the reliability of the means of railway automation and communication. In this case, special role in ensuring the efficient and safe operation of railways belongs to the systems of interval control of the train movement, as well as automatic locomotive signaling in conjunction with the systems of monitoring the driver's vigilance and automatic train stop. Therefore, the main purpose of the article is a detailed analysis of the operation reliability of these systems, in order to be able to correct service techniques and improve operational work, based on the information received. Methodology. To prevent halting and failures in the operation of automatic locomotive signaling devices, it was analyzed the failure statistics of all devices of railway automatics, which can lead to disturbances in its work. It was identified the most responsible devices, whose control will greatly affect the system performance and increase the reliability of the work as a whole. Findings. Analysis of statistical data showed that the main causes of malfunctions in the automatic locomotive signaling system are the failure of the decoder, locomotive filter and amplifier, and the main reason for the malfunction is equipment wear. Originality. The results of the work aimed at increasing the efficiency and reliability of the operation of the railway equipment are continuously implemented in the operational work, automating a large number of technological processes and improving the failure rate performance. However, ignoring this, the analysis of the operation of devices on the railways for the period 2013–2017 showed that a significant part of the reasons for the deterioration of the reliability of all systems of railway automation and separately considered locomotive alarm system accrue to the human factor, embodied in violations of the technology of work and non-compliance with the requirements of technological maps and manuals, as well as poor repair and inspection of devices in repair and technological areas. Practical value. The analysis showed that the issue of improving both the systems themselves and the devices of railway automatics, as well as the methods of their inspection, operation and maintenance, will increase the level of safety and reliability of transportations.
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Chrzan, Marcin. "Study of the possibility of using transmission in the lte system on a selected railway line for the purpose of running railway traffic". Archives of Transport 57, nr 1 (31.03.2021): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7486.
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The railway and the Rail Traffic Control Systems installed on it in Poland have recently experienced rapid technologi-cal development. This is undoubtedly due to the funds that Poland receives from the European Union for the moderni-zation of railway infrastructure. The development of modern railway infrastructure means not only stations, modern rolling stock, but also safe and reliable train control systems based on the latest telecommunications and information technologies. For a longer time, radio communication based on the GSM-R (GSM for Railways) standard is being introduced on PKP. For this purpose, dedicated infrastructure is being built in order to use this technology for railway traffic. This is associated with huge investment costs. Since the beginning of its existence, research has been conducted worldwide on the use of LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology for conducting railway traffic. For economic and technological reasons, it is necessary to study other possibilities of using modern telecommunications infrastructure not yet dedicated to railway tasks in these open networks. The article will present research on the use of open radio communication network based on LTE standard for rail traffic and passenger comfort. It will discuss the research method and selected results of measurements made on railway line no. 4. The choice of this railway line was dictated by two factors. The first one resulted from the maximum train speed, the second one is the variety of rolling stock used on this line (compartmental and non-compartmental wagons). The part of research concerning collection of measurement material was performed within the framework of completed research work PBS3/A6/29/2015. As a result of conducted in-depth literature analysis as well as performed measurements and calculations, it allowed to develop a model and software for simulating system operation in real conditions. This system allows to send railway telegrams on appropriate safety level defined in standardization documents. The research proved the possibility of using an open system in the LTE standard for the transmission of signals for railway traffic control and passengers while maintaining an appropriate level of safety. The only limitations which were indicated by the tests are improper radio interface coverage of railway lines. Appropriate planning of radio coverage of railway areas by radio communi-cation operators (so far ignored) with proper cooperation of infrastructure manager can lead to launching efficient communication system without necessity to build specialized infrastructure for railway.
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Ham, Young Sam, i Jai Sung Hong. "A Study on Speed Elevation Possibility at the Connection between High Speed Lines and Conventional Lines with Korean High Speed Train". Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (grudzień 2006): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.635.
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Railways are a mass transportation system with high safety and punctuality. These strengths have been well proved by tests and evaluations. Railways are an integrated system with cars, power, signal, communication, line structures and operation. Among many safety standards of these systems, contact force between wheels and lines can be chosen since a derailment coefficient evaluated by contract force is the most important fact that decides the safety of railways. Especially regarding express trains, since they run twice faster than conventional ones, the evaluation of a derailment coefficient is more important than any other criteria. Currently, Korean express trains between Seoul and Pusan use the same stations as conventional trains in Daejeon and Dong-Daegu; therefore, express trains run on conventional lines from express lines. This paper describes test results acquired by increasing the train speed where express lines and conventional lines are connected. Test results tell that it is safe with under 0.8 derailment coefficient and running time is reduced by 10~30 seconds in each section.
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Verma, Anshul, i K. K. Pattanaik. "Multi-agent communication-based train control system for Indian railways: the behavioural analysis". Journal of Modern Transportation 23, nr 4 (1.08.2015): 272–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40534-015-0083-1.
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Puhach, S., i К. Mezentsev. "SPATIAL FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING OF THE RAILWAY TRANSPORT NETWORK IN WESTERN UKRAINE". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, nr 78-79 (2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2021.78-79.2.
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In terms of the development level, the total length of communication lines, the volume of passengers and cargo transportation, railway transport plays an important role in the economy of Western Ukraine. It was born in the 70s of the XIX century. It went through the stages of rapid extensive development, maturity and intensive development. Today, the railways are experiencing a renaissance in many countries of the world. Ukraine is still at the beginning of this stage. Drawing up socio-economic growth projects, it is impossible for a detailed analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of railway transport. Also, it is important to research the mutual influence of the railway transport network and the entire socio-economic system in general. The aim of the study is to determine the spatial features of the railway network of Western Ukraine, and the main task – based on open data OpenStreetMap, to analyze the availability of the railway network in the context of regions, districts and cities of regional subordination of Western Ukraine using the indicators the transport network density and the Engel’s coefficient. Due to the difficulty of accessing official statistics at the local level, both official statistics and open data from the OpenStreetMap mapping service were used. As a result of the research, it was revealed that Lviv region is distinguished by the level of the railway network development in the region; the highest concentration of the network is observed near regional centers, especially around the regional center of Lviv; high concentration of railways is near large transport railway junctions (Kovel, Zdolbuniv, Dubno, Sarny, Stryi, Khodoriv, Korolevo, Delyatyn); increased concentration along the western state border; increased concentration in the Precarpathians, as an area of old industrial development; reduced concentration in the Ukrainian Carpathians (the influence of the relief) and in the north of the region (historical and geographical factors); 19 administrative-territorial units of the second level do not have railways on their territory. In general, at the local level (districts, cities of regional subordination) the same patterns can be observed as at the regional level (regions).
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Anwar, Khoirul, Ikhfan Ammar Rangkuti, Muhammad Hendra Maulana Sambas i Abdul Khamid Ridwanuddin. "STUDI SISTEM KOMUNIKASI NIRKABEL UNTUK PENSINYALAN KERETA CEPAT INDONESIA". Transmisi 21, nr 3 (31.07.2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/transmisi.21.3.61-69.
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Perkembangan teknologi sistem komunikasi yang sangat cepat juga berdampak kepada perkembangan sistem pensinyalan kereta cepat di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Beragamnya sistem pensinyalan kereta cepat dunia sampai saat ini membuat Indonesia harus menentukan dengan cermat teknologi mana yang paling sesuai dengan kondisi alam Indonesia.Pada jurnal ini, kami menyampaikan analisis dan hasil evaluasi performansi teknologi pensinyalan kereta cepat, sehingga membantu berbagai pihak dalam menentukan teknologi terbaik bagi Indonesia. Kami melakukan evaluasi pada tiga teknologi komunikasi nirkabel untuk kereta cepat yaitu global system for mobile communication-railway (GSM-R), terrestrial trunked radio-railway (TETRA), dan long-term evolution-railway (LTE-R) di dunia terkait dengan data teknis, kelebihan, kekurangan, potensi interferensi, dan keandalan teknologi terhadap kecapatan kereta. Beberapa referensi yang kami sadur berasal dari buku railway, paper, jurnal, hasil studi International Telecommunication Union (ITU), International Union of Railways (UIC), dan Asia Pacific Wireless Group (AWG). Seluruh hasil numerik kami dapatkan melalui simulasi komputer.Hasil jurnal ini adalah diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu referensi dalam pengambilan teknologi yang digunakan pada pengimplementasian layanan kereta cepat di masa kini dan masa depan.
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Faisal, Natriya. "Analisis Kinerja GSM-R Pada Kereta Cepat Indonesia". Jurnal Perkeretaapian Indonesia (Indonesian Railway Journal) 4, nr 2 (17.12.2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37367/jpi.v4i2.126.
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The High-Speed Train of Indonesian will be implemented in 2022. The communication system used on the fast train is planned to use GSM-R in the future. GSM-R technology is expected to be applied to railways in Indonesia as well as in Europe. The railway system in Germany has applied GSM-R on the Berlin to Halle / Leipzig line using the first European Train Control System (ETCS) in Europe [2]. Radio waves used by GSM-R are at a frequency of 876 to 880 MHz for the uplink side and 921 to 925 MHz on the downlink side. This journal analyzes the GSM-R design that will be applied to Indonesian fast trains using the New York University Simulation (NYUSIM) method. This study evaluates the performance of GSM-R with intervention with natural conditions, such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, power and so on, resulting in a better GSM-R performance in terms of resistance to interference tested.
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Chen, Chunyang, Wei Li, Youmei Liu i Xiang Wei. "Exploration of key traction-running equipment and its problems on heavy-haul trains and research on technology development". Transportation Safety and Environment 2, nr 3 (29.08.2020): 161–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tse/tdaa019.
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Abstract In recent years, heavy-haul train technology has seen a number of innovations worldwide, and train traction-running technology has also made great progress, resulting in a rich pool of experience and a range of promising applications. This paper summarizes the key technologies of traction running in heavy-haul combined trains, especially locomotive and rolling-stock technology, traction technology, braking technology, control technology, communication technology and safety technology. At the same time, based on an analysis of practical applications, this paper further explores the main problems and urgent needs of traction equipment on heavy-haul trains. With an eye to the future, the heavy-haul railway system will develop in the direction of informatization, automation and intelligence, in order to build a greener, more energy-saving, safer and more efficient railway. This paper therefore looks forward to the technical developments of heavy-haul combined trains, and provides a reference for the development of heavy-haul railways.
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VERNYHORA, R., i О. ZOLOTAREVSKA. "ANALYSIS OF MODERN PROBLEMS OF EFFECTIVE INTERACTION BETWEEN UKRAINIAN RAILWAYS AND SEA PORTS". Transport systems and transportation technologies, nr 21 (15.08.2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/tstt2021/237661.
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Purpose. The aim of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the current state of affairs and the main problems in the interaction between railways and seaports in the organization of freight traffic, as well as possible ways of solving these problems. Methodology. In the process of research, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used to study the content and the main provisions of scientific publications on the issues of establishing effective interaction between rail and sea transport, in particular, when organizing export traffic, with their subsequent comparison and generalization; methods of statistical analysis and forecasting to determine the existing and future traffic volumes in the rail-water communication, taking into account the unevenness. Results. Export is one of the main sources of filling the state budget of Ukraine, accounting for a third of its GDP. More than 60% of export cargoes go through Ukrainian ports; while 75% of export volumes are delivered to ports by rail. In recent years, the existing system of interaction between railways and seaports is increasingly showing its ineffectiveness, which results in an increase in the delivery time of goods, a deterioration in the operation of rolling stock, and an increase in the cost of transportation. One of the reasons for this situation is the inconsistency of the existing capacity of the port railway infrastructure with modern operating conditions, which are characterized by a change in the economic model, a change in the directions and structure of cargo flows, and the active development of port terminals. An effective way to solve the problem of reducing the imbalance in the processing capacity of ports and the pre-port railway infrastructure is public-private partnership in the implementation of appropriate investment projects, the assessment of which should be carried out using modern scientific approaches. Scientific novelty. The results obtained as a result of the study make it possible to provide a scientific basis for the further development of public-private partnerships for the development of railway pre-port infrastructure. Practical significance. The development of the infrastructure of pre-port railway stations and sections at the expense of public-private investments will increase the efficiency of logistics of freight transportation in rail-water communication, reduce their cost and, accordingly, increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian goods in foreign markets.
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Lin, Jun Ting, i Jian Wu Dang. "Reliability Models of GSM-R Redundant Network on High-Speed Railway". Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (wrzesień 2012): 1783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.1783.
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As a dedicated digital mobile communication system designed for railway application, GSM-R must provide reliable bidirectional channel for transmitting security data between trackside equipments and on-train computer on high-speed railways. To ensure the safety of running trains, redundant network architecture is commonly used to guarantee the reliability of GSM-R. Because of the rigid demands of railway security, it is important to build reliability mathematical models, predict the network reliability and select a suitable one. Two common GSM-R wireless architectures, co-sited double layers network and intercross single layer network, are modeled and contrasted in this paper. By calculating the reliabilities of each reliable model, it is clear that more redundant the architecture is, more reliable the system will be, the whole system will bear a less failure time per year as the benefit. Meanwhile, as the redundancy of GSM-R system raises, its equipment and maintenance will cost much, but the reliability raise gently. From the standpoint of transmission system interruption and network equipment failure, the reliability of co-sited double layer network architecture is higher than the intercross single layer one, while the viability and cost of the intercross redundant network is better than co-sited one in natural disasters such as flood and lightning. Taking fully into account reliability, viability and cost, we suggest that intercross redundant network should be chosen on high-speed railway.
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Wang, Zhigang, Zihao Wang, Fusheng Zhu, Zezhou Luo, Fang Li i Haopeng Liu. "Joint Doppler Shift and Channel Estimation for High-Speed Railway Wireless Communications in Tunnel Scenarios". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (31.01.2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6804412.
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In this work, we study the problem of Doppler shift and channel estimation for wireless communication systems on high-speed railways (HSRs). We focus on tunnel scenario, one of the classical scenarios of HSRs. We first build up the mathematical system model, design a joint Doppler shift and channel estimator, and compare its performance with the typical Moose algorithm. We show that our estimator outperforms the Moose algorithm in Doppler estimation. Besides, since wireless channels in tunnel scenarios often contain several or multiple taps, we suggest an adaptive frame structure to improve transmission efficiency. Simulations are then provided to corroborate our proposed studies.
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Roenkov, D. N., i P. A. Plekhanov. "On the assessment of the reliability of the train radio communication channel". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, nr 4 (1.12.2021): 042096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/4/042096.
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Abstract The research purposeis to develop an approach to assessing the reliability of a train radio communication channel based on the representation of a radio communication network in the form of a model that includes both traditional elements (various types of equipment, a wire channel) and a radio channel, which is proposed to be described by the availability of radio coverage, which varies depending on the location of the mobile subscriber. In the research methods of the theory of reliability, and, in particular, the assessment of the availability factor of the elements of the radio communication system and communication channels, dynamically changing during the movement of the mobile radio station. In addition, to assess the energy of radio channels, the theory of radio wave propagation was applied, including on the basis of industry recommendations for calculating radio communication networks of JSC Russian Railways. As result of the research, a method was proposed for assessing the dependence of the reliability of a train radio communication channel (in terms of readiness) on the track coordinate. In this case, the radio communication channel dynamically changes the composition of the elements when the mobile subscriber moves along the railway section. Simultaneously, for each point of the section, the calculation formula is also dynamically changed, which makes it possible to find the value of the readiness of the communication channel. The proposed approach allows to identify the sections of technological radio communication networks that are weakest from the point of view of communication reliability and take this information into account when planning work to improve the reliability of communication networks.
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P A, Spoorthi, Anitha G S, Bhavana S J i Jayashree A M. "Classification of Rail Track Defects Based on Computer Vision Using DNN". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 7 (31.07.2022): 4983–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45968.
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Abstract: Economic status of the country depends on the Trading which needs transportation. Railways is the most preferred road transportation as most of the profit oriented and movement of people in India is done by elevated railway. Hence it is required to monitor the track health condition frequently using an automated crack detection system. The proposed framework focuses on implementation of python to detect track defects based on Computer vision using image processing techniques. The proposed work uses CNN algorithm through yolov5 model. Yolov5 is one of the best model to achieve highest accuracy in object detection. Yolov5 has become industry standard for object detection due to its speed and accuracy. Here feeding of preprocessed image to CNN classifier to obtain the type of track. The proposed work also helps to identify the severity and nonseverity of defects, also suggests the precautions. Automatic communication occur where the message is sentto authorized people of railway department. The Accuracyof the proposed work on the procured images is more than 95%.
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Li, Shichao, Gang Zhu, Siyu Lin, Qian Gao, Lei Xiong, Weiliang Xie i Xiaoyu Qiao. "Energy Efficiency and Capacity Tradeoff in Cloud Radio Access Network of High-Speed Railways". Mobile Information Systems 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5816862.
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To meet the increasing demand of high-data-rate services of high-speed railway (HSR) passengers, cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is proposed. This paper investigates the tradeoff between energy efficiency (EE) performance and capacity in C-RAN of HSR. Considering that the train location can be predicted, we propose a predictable path loss based time domain power allocation method (PPTPA) to improve EE performance of HSR communication system. First, we consider that the communication system of HSR only bears the passenger information services (PISs). The energy-efficient power allocation problem with delay constraint is studied. The formulated problem is nonconvex. To deal with it, an equivalent convex problem is reformulated. Based on PPTPA, we propose an iterative algorithm to improve the EE performance. Second, we consider that the PISs and the train control services (TCSs) are all bore. A capacity optimization problem with joint EE and services transmission delay constraints is formulated. Based on PPTPA, we propose a hybrid power allocation scheme to improve the capacity of the system. Finally, we analyze the effect of small-scale fading on EE performance. The effectiveness of the proposed power allocation algorithm is validated by HSR channel measurement trace based emulation results and extensive simulation results.
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Stolbova, I. D. "MOSCOW CIRCULAR RAILWAY HAS A LONG TRACK RECORD". World of Transport and Transportation 15, nr 6 (28.12.2017): 234–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-6-22.
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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The Moscow railway junction, rapidly developing, by the end of 19th century no longer coped with cargo transportation. The reason for this was the dead-end organization of the stations, both in Russia and Europe, which played the role of terminal stations in large cities. After many but unsuccessful attempts to unload the railway terminal in Moscow, a decision was made to create a circular railway (Moscow Circular Railway (MCR)) in order to connect the dead-end radial branches and make the system more flexible and maneuverable. Well-known architects and engineers were invited to design and build the new railway, budgetary funds were allocated, emphasizing the special importance of the facility for the state: the European countries and Russia stood on the verge of the First World War, and the predictable collapse of rolling stock threatened the railways with inevitable calamities. Under these conditions, MCR became a universal complex of engineering structures and civil buildings, not only serving transshipment of goods and transporting passengers, but also containing pedestrian overpass bridges and soldiers’ barracks for mobile transfer of troops, as well as telegraph and telephone points of communication. This railway has been operating for 110 years and after reconstruction has received a new appointment as part of urban passenger transport. Keywords: Moscow Circular Railway, history projects, architecture, stations, bridges, stations, topography, reconstruction, urban transport functions.
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Wang, Pengling, Annik Jeiziner, Xiaojie Luan, Valerio De Martinis i Francesco Corman. "An Experimental Analysis of Hierarchical Rail Traffic and Train Control in a Stochastic Environment". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (29.05.2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8674538.
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The hierarchical connection of Rail Traffic Management System (TMS) and Automatic Train Operation (ATO) for mainline railways has been proposed for a while; however, few have investigated this hierarchical connection with the real field. This paper studies in detail the benefits and limitations of an integrated framework of TMS and ATO in stochastic and dynamic conditions in terms of punctuality, energy efficiency, and conflict-resolving. A simulation is built by interfacing a rescheduling tool and a stand-alone ATO tool with the realistic traffic simulation environment OpenTrack. The investigation refers to different disturbed traffic scenarios obtained by sampling train entrance delays and dwell times within a typical Monte Carlo scheme. Results obtained for the Dutch railway corridor Utrecht–Den Bosch prove the value of the approach. In case of no disruptions, the implementation of ATO systems is beneficial for maintaining timetables and saving energy costs. In case of delay disruptions, the TMS rescheduling has its full effect only if trains are able to follow TMS rescheduled timetables, while the energy-saving by using ATO can only be achieved with conflict-free schedules. A bidirectional communication between ATO and TMS is therefore beneficial for conflict-resolving and energy-saving.
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Naufallia, Adisti Nabilah, Anggun Fitrian Isnawati i Khoirun Ni’amah. "Planning of Indoor Femtocell Network for LTE 2300 MHz on Railways Carriages Using Radiowave Propagation Simulator 5.4". JURNAL INFOTEL 13, nr 1 (28.02.2021): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v13i1.542.
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The indoor communication system is a system to solve the problem of weak signals received by placing a Femtocell Access Point (FAP) indoor area. The design of an indoor cellular communication network system is carried out using the Radiowave Propagation Simulator 5.4. The parameters observed were Received Signal Level (RSL) and Signal to Interface Ratio (SIR). The case study is the passenger carriage of the executive, business and economy passenger class. The research includes link budget calculations based on coverage and capacity by considering the type of train carriage material and train passenger capacity. The calculation results based on capacity obtained 1 FAP for executive and business class train passenger cars, while economy class train passenger cars obtained 2 FAP. The best scenario for executive class namely scenario 1A, the receiver gets average RSL of approximately -32.26 dBm and SIR of 0 dB. The best scenario for business class namely scenario 2A, the receiver gets average RSL of approximately -32.57 dBm and SIR of 0 dB. The best scenario for economy class namely scenario 3A, the receiver gets average RSL of approximately -29.80 dBm and the receiver gets average SIR of approximately 6.97 dB
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Noorbasha, Fazal, K. Hari Kishore, P. Phani Sarad, A. Renuka, SK Meera Mohiddin, K. Jagadeesh Babu, B. V S. Phanindra i M. Manasa. "A VLSI implementation of train collision avoidance system using Verilog HDL". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 2.8 (19.03.2018): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10468.
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Now a days we see many train accidents that occur in railways. These accidents occur mainly due to cracks in the track, human errors and not identifying the opposite train at the right time. When the train meets with the accident lot of people lose their lives and huge amount of railway property is destroyed and it also takes lot of time to hold back to the normal situations. Most of the accidents happen due to human error and due to lack of communication between the trains and irregularity of Train Traffic Control System. Normally to prevent these accidents we place sensors on either side of the platform to identify the train at right time and to receive traffic signals at the platform properly. Here we came with some different approach which is easy to manage and implement and cost effective. Normally collision occurs when two trains approaching in opposite directions on same track. So, if we manage to prevent two trains travel on the same track then collision can be avoided. Here in this project we have implemented Verilog code to solve this problem. The purpose of this project is to write a Verilog code to detect the opposite train and deviate the train based on priority of the trains thus avoiding collision. In this project we have chosen four different types of trains namely Goods, Passenger, Superfast, Express and we have implemented train collision avoidance using Verilog code by giving priority to each type of train and preference is given to one train to avoid collision.
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Zhuravleva, L. M., M. A. Nilov, V. L. Loshkarev i V. V. Levshunov. "Evaluation of the Impact of Doppler Effect on Quality of HSR Radiocommunications". World of Transport and Transportation 18, nr 4 (5.01.2021): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-54-71.
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The article proposes a methodology for evaluating radio signal distortions caused by Doppler effect (DE; also, Doppler shift) under the conditions of highspeed train traffic (HSR, high-speed rail). The objective of the work is to develop criteria for assessing quality of radiocommunications with moving objects in HSR environment. For this, a technique is proposed for calculating the probability of an error arising from Doppler effect. A rationale for relevance of the topic is that radiocommunications are used on railways for controlling train traffic and ensuring safety and achieving required quality of radio signals is a major challenge. Quality assessment is especially important for organization of broadband communication channels with locomotive drivers using mobile networks. To solve this problem, a model for assessing quality of radiocommunication influenced by DE is considered. Distortions of signals in a radio channel due to DE are proposed to be estimated using the reduced dispersion of the total error, which consists of two components: dynamic and interference. Calculations of the total reduced signal error and the error probability for speeds above 100 km/h are described. Estimates of the effect of DE on a coherent receiver, in which errors may occur due to changes in duration of radio pulses, are suggested. Effectiveness of the receiver’s automatic frequency control (AFC) system is analysed as a means of challenging DE. For this, the concept of an instantaneous spectrum of parasitic frequency modulation due to DE was introduced and quality of radio communication was calculated using the reduced dispersion of the total error. The efficiency of using AFC has been proven after comparing the evaluations of reception quality with and without AFC in the form of the ratio of error probabilities. The features of the use of mobile communications on railways under the conditions of DE are formulated.
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POKROVSKAYA, Oksana D., Artem V. SUGOROVSKY, Irina V. RYBAKOVA, Maxim A. MARCHENKO i Maria V. SHEVERDOVA. "Organisational features in the work of a railway station complex during the launch of “Aeroexpress”". Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 2021, nr 4 (grudzień 2021): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2021-4-515-527.
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Objective: To consider the change in the operation of the St. Petersburg transport hub station and the railway station when launching the Aeroexpress. Methods: Means and methods of logistics, general theory of systems, terminalistics, system and economic analysis, as well as management of operational work of railways are used. Results: Alternative options for changing the operation of the station and the station at the launch of the Aeroexpress are proposed in the conditions of the St. Petersburg transport hub station. The fi rst option involves organizing the reception and departure of Aeroexpress trains on the existing track intended for suburban traffi c. The second option assumes to specialize for the reception and departure of fast suburban electric trains in communication with Pulkovo airport the existing apron electrifi ed receiving and receiving track in a complex with an island passenger platform located nearby. When passenger fl ows change at the station complex, the number of ticket offi ces is calculated. The issues of organizing service activities for servicing Aeroexpress passengers at the station complex are considered. Based on the economic calculations carried out and based on the results of the survey of potential Aeroexpress passengers, practical recommendations were made for launching an Aeroexpress train in the conditions of the St. Petersburg transport hub. Practical importance: The results obtained can be applied in the implementation of the concept of development of the St. Petersburg transport hub, in the design of individual elements and devices of the railway hub to improve the organization of passenger transportation, as well as in determining the prospects for the development of railway complexes.
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Zajac, Pawel, Szymon Haladyn i Stanislaw Kwasniowski. "Concept of reducing harmful emissions by road transport vehicles in the tourist route Karpacz– Jelenia Góra". E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000091.
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The research carried out by the "Logistics” Students' Scientific Circle functioning at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Wrocław University of Technology shows that every day, between the communes which cross railway lines 308 and 340, 1911 persons move in circular migrations solely due to occupational activity. Some of them could travel by rail. Eliminating 500 cars a day (i.e. 250 outwards and return travels on the route Kowary/Karpacz–Jelenia Góra) would reduce annual carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 460 tonnes. Further reductions in CO2 emissions in transport can be achieved thanks to the use of railways by tourists, of which - in the area of the communes of Karpacz, Kowary and Mysłakowice, i.e. an area of outstanding recreational valors - there was over 300,000 in 2016 [3]. Rational train running interval was determined and a timetable proposed, taking into account routes leading beyond Jelenia Góra. The paper justifies the need for the introduction of complementary communication provided by electrobuses. The concept of reactivating traffic in this area should be complemented by the construction of a Park&Ride car park. The possibility of further development of the transport system in the area in question was also proposed.
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Efimova, O. V., i Yu V. Komarova. "Safety Culture as an Element of Organisation Culture of Transport Companies". World of Transport and Transportation 17, nr 3 (27.09.2019): 234–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2019-17-3-234-245.
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To perform the basic management functions, a developed organizational culture is required. It is based on a system of common values, beliefs and norms that are formed for all employees of a given organization as a result of a complex process of interacting.The article proposes to consider the «safety culture» (including, for example, traffic safety culture, environmental safety, labor activity safety culture) as an element interconnected with all other elements of organizational culture. This is especially relevant for transport companies, including JSC Russian Railways, where technology development and technological sophistication are progressing rapidly andwhere, for objective reasons related to nature of the activity, the level of occupational injuries is high.Organizational culture is considered in the article, as a set of functional cultures in the field of corporate management, interaction and communication, labor organization, safety culture, and interaction with external clients.JSC Russian Railways uses modern technologies and sophisticated technology in its activities, while there are infrastructural restrictions; all this is a source of safety risks and threats. Therefore, the maturity level of safety culture, as well as its assessment are of great importance both for development of the organizational culture, and for the company.
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Liu, Chang, Shiwu Yang, Yong Cui i Jiaqi Lv. "Quantitative analysis on coupling of traction current into cab signaling in electrified railways". Railway Engineering Science 28, nr 3 (wrzesień 2020): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40534-020-00220-z.
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Abstract Cab signaling apparatus is the critical equipment for ground-vehicle communication in electrified railways. With the rapid development of high-speed and heavy-haul railways, the immunity to unbalanced traction current interference for cab signaling apparatus in the onboard train control system is increasingly demanded. This paper analyzes the interference coupling mechanism of the ZPW-2000 track circuit. Based on electromagnetic field theory and the actual working parameters, a calculation model is established to complete the quantitative research of the cab signal induction process and traction current interference. Then, a finite element model is built to simulate the process. The simulation results under the signal frequency, fundamental and harmonic interference are all consistent with the theoretical calculation results. The practical measurement data verify the coupling relationship between cab signal inductive voltage and rail current. Finally, an indirect immunity test method applying this relation for the cab signals is proposed, and the voltage indexes of the disturbance sources are determined, i.e., the test limits. The results provide an accurate quantitative basis for the cab signaling research and design of the immunity test platform; besides, the proposed indirect test method can simplify the test configuration and improve test efficiency.