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1
Zong, Ruixue. "Power Quality Problems of the Electrified Railway and Its Control Methods". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2496, nr 1 (1.05.2023): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2496/1/012017.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract In developing the railway industry, the electrified railway plays a significant role in improving the national economy. However, the electric railway power supply system will be affected by power quality problems such as negative sequence, harmonic, and voltage fluctuation in actual operation, which will affect the operation efficiency of the electric railway power supply system. Therefore, it is meaningful to take economic and effectual governance measures against the power quality problems of electrified railways and reduce various indicators to the range allowed by a national standard. This paper summarizes and sorts out the main problems and their causes of current electrified railway power quality and several existing mainstream power quality governance schemes. It analyzes their advantages and disadvantages and finally looks forward to the directions that can be optimized and improved in the future study of electrified railway power quality problems in combination with social reality. It has a specific guiding effect on future research on electrified railway power quality.
2
Wang, Junzhe. "Analysis of the Principle and Applications of Aerodynamics of High-speed Railway". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 72 (15.12.2023): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ymwbxx75.
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With the advancement of science and technology, the railway has become an important breakthrough. Railroads can transport goods and carry people. Aerodynamics has a huge connection to the study of the high-speed railways. On this basis, the subject of this paper is the principle and application analysis of high-speed railway aerodynamics. To be specific, this study introduces the formulas and principles related to aerodynamics, and how some formulae are used in high-speed railways. The research searches for literature related to railway and aerodynamics and finds the current development status of high-speed railway. The paper explains how aerodynamics affect high-speed rail, the way to transform high-speed railways with aerodynamic knowledge. Contemporarily, there are many methods to carry out the simulation and tunnel experiments. This study also introduces some special experiments to solve special problems about high-speed railway. According to the analysis, there are still many aerodynamic problems that people need to solve, and there is room for improvement in high-speed railways.
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Michniak, Daniel. "Role of Railway Transport in Tourism: Selected Problems and Examples in Slovakia". Quaestiones Geographicae 35, nr 4 (1.12.2016): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/quageo-2016-0039.
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AbstractTransport is a very important part of activities in the tourism sector. In addition to the transport of tourists to and within a destination, transport itself can be a tourist attraction. The aim of this paper is to analyse selected problems of railways in Slovakia (a decrease in the importance of railways for passenger transport in Slovakia in the past 20 years, discontinued passenger transport on certain railway tracks and the modernisation of other tracks, and zero-fare public rail transport services for certain categories of passengers), and to present good examples of the use of narrow-gauge railways for the purposes of tourism (the Tatra Electric Railways and the Kysuce-Orava Forest Railway).
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Moistsrapishvili, Manana, Nugzar Rurua i Angi Gurgenidze. "Approaches to Solving the Problems of Operation of Low Load Tension Railway Lines (LLRL) and Concepts of Key Strategies". Works of Georgian Technical University, nr 2(524) (6.06.2022): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2022-2-133-139.
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It is known that the effective functioning of the railways depends on their load-bearing capacity, and therefore, special attention is paid to the pre-feasibility study and the payback period of the capital investments invested in the works during the capital investments of the railways. Because the operation of railway lines is associated with significant costs, its existence within the allowable limits of its size requires periodic evaluation and planning and implementation of engineering measures. The essence of the problem created by the operation of lowload railways of the world and Georgian railways are discussed. The main reasons for the deterioration of the operating data of these railways are reviewed. Low load railway lines are separated throughout the Georgian Railway and their total length and percentage composition in the overall railway network of the country are determined. The article outlines the main trends in the operation of low-load railways identified as a result of the analysis of foreign experience and presents four strategies based on this trends. Not yet established state approach to the use of LLRL infrastructure in Georgia can be based on the above mentioned stratages. It is noted that each of the proposed strategies has different efficiencies and selection conditions, so it should be considered according to the problems of each low-load rail section with innovative and / or traditional approaches to develop adaptive mechanisms for the operation of low-activity railway lines.
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Razumova, O. Yu, i I. M. Basyrov. "Problems of recovery of lost profits in the organization of freight rail transportation". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 4, nr 2 (23.06.2023): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2023.2.174-183.
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The interests of clients of the railway industry and Russian Railways in matters of recovery and compensation for “lost profits” and “lost opportunities” are not considered and regulated in laws and by-laws regarding railway transportation. Claim work is based on compensation for real damage both from users of railway transport services and from the Russian Railways holding.An algorithm for the formation, submission and resolution of claims in the provision of rail transportation services is considered. The functionality of the personal account for the clients of JSC “Russian Railways” of the project “Electronic Claimant” was analyzed. The importance of developing a basic formula that takes into account the factors affecting the amount of lost profits is indicated. The existing scheme for conducting recourse work to recover losses of Russian Railways JSC is given and a scheme for conducting claim work to compensate for lost profits of Russian Railways JSC on the basis of a unified automated system of act and claim work is presented. It is proposed as a basis for further elaboration of this issue, a mechanism for rebilling in the event of final losses from a failed transportation for clients of the Russian Railways holding. The expediency of applying a possible replacement transaction when the company finds another counterparty is also considered. The application of these measures will make it possible to create equal competitive conditions in the market for all customers and the Russian Railways holding.
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CHARKINA, T., i A. HRYHORENKO. "TRANSFORMATION OF PASSENGER TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT: WORLD EXPERIENCE AND ITS ADAPTATION TO MODERN CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE". REVIEW OF TRANSPORT ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT, nr 10(26) (31.03.2024): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/rtem2023/300532.
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Objective. To enhance the competitiveness of railway passenger transportation in Ukraine, it is necessary to explore the experience of structural transformations in passenger enterprises of foreign railways, analyze the current state of the domestic railway passenger transportation management system, and propose an effective organizational structure for the passenger complex of Ukrainian Railways PJSC in modern conditions. Methodology. To achieve the stated objective, methods of analogy, modeling, comparative, and retrospective analysis were applied. Results. The world experience of interaction between organizational units of railway passenger complexes has been considered. An analysis has been conducted, and problems in the interaction of departments in the existing railway passenger transportation management system have been identified. A management structure for the passenger complex of Ukrainian Railways PJSC has been proposed, which will help optimize its operation and contribute to the increased efficiency of railway passenger transportation in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The stages of transformation of the management structure of the passenger complex after the formation of Ukrainian Railways PJSC have been generalized. The passenger complex is considered as a single system: based on the visualization of the distribution of work with trains of different categories, problems of delineation of responsibility zones between the departments of the passenger complex have been identified. A model of an improved organizational structure for managing the passenger complex of railway transport has been developed in accordance with modern conditions. Practical significance. The proposed measures can be applied by Ukrainian Railways PJSC to improve the organizational structure of the passenger complex in the process of transitioning to a vertically integrated management model.
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Oh, Kyuetaek, Mintaek Yoo, Nayoung Jin, Jisu Ko, Jeonguk Seo, Hyojin Joo i Minsam Ko. "A Review of Deep Learning Applications for Railway Safety". Applied Sciences 12, nr 20 (19.10.2022): 10572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010572.
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Railways speedily transport many people and goods nationwide, so railway accidents can pose immense damage. However, the infrastructure of railways is so complex that its maintenance is challenging and expensive. Therefore, using artificial intelligence for railway safety has attracted many researchers. This paper examines artificial intelligence applications for railway safety, mainly focusing on deep learning approaches. This paper first introduces deep learning methods widely used for railway safety. Then, we investigated and classified earlier studies into four representative application areas: (1) railway infrastructure (catenary, surface, components, and geometry), (2) train body and bogie (door, wheel, suspension, bearing, etc.), (3) operation (railway detection, railroad trespassing, wind risk, train running safety, etc.), and (4) station (air quality control, accident prevention, etc.). We present fundamental problems and popular approaches for each application area. Finally, based on the literature reviews, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence for railway safety.
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VERNYHORA, R., R. KOROBIOVA i O. PROKOPA. "PROBLEMS OF FREIGHT CAR FLOWS DISTRIBUTION ON RAILWAY NETWORKS". Transport systems and transportation technologies, nr 28 (26.09.2024): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/tstt2024/312028.
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Purpose. The purpose of the article is a critical analysis of the existing methods of freight car flows distribution on the railway network and the determination of the directions of these methods adaptation to the operating conditions of the Ukrainian railway transport. Methodology. The research was carried out on the basis of the processing of literary sources in the scientometric databases Scopus and Google Scholar. Results. The distribution of car flows on the railway network is one of the stages of developing a plan for the trains formation. The methods of solving this problem, which are currently used in the practical work of railway transport, were developed during the time of the planned state economy. They are based on the solution of a single-criterion optimization problem aimed at finding such a distribution of car flows on the network that minimizes the cost of transportation for the railway. Reforming the railway transport market with the aim of introducing competition requires the complication of methods of solving the problem of distribution of car flows to take into account the conflicting goals of independent participants in the transport process. The conducted studies showed that the main method of modeling the structure of the railway transport network and the volumes of car flows in it is the theory of graphs; determination of the carrying capacity of elements of the railway network is carried out by the methods of the theory of railway operation, simulation modeling and correlation analysis; determination of the optimal distribution of bandwidth is carried out by comparing competing options, as well as by linear and non-linear programming methods, adaptive control methods using neural networks; the behavior of participants in the transportation process during the allocation of bandwidth is investigated by game theory methods. It has been established that in modern conditions, the task of determining the criterion of equal access to congested sections on the branched railway network and the task of distributing car flows on the network in conditions of fluctuating car flows during transportation by regular trains and trains to order require additional research. Originality. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the critical analysis and generalization of modern methods used to solve the problem of distribution freight car flows distribution on railway networks. Practical value. The practical significance of the results lies in determining the inconsistency of the methods that are practically used on the railways of Ukraine for the distribution of car flows, with the modern conditions of operation of railway transport. Scientific methods have been established that allow to improve approaches to solving the problem of rational distribution of car flows, taking into account the interests of various participants in the transportation process.
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Ekimci, Betül, Feray Ergincan i Mehmet İnceoğlu. "Railroad Buildings of Eskişehir: Challenges and Opportunities for Industrial Heritage". Heritage 2, nr 1 (30.01.2019): 435–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010030.
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While railways are considered as a sign of development for countries, the railway structures are part of the industrial heritage of cities and comprise some of the most important urban public places. In Turkey, the Eskişehir railway buildings, constructed between 1886 and 1894, are at the west of the main railroad between the Enveriye and Eskişehir stations. They are also public places having strong resonance in the collective memory. Because of the fast development in technology, they face the threat of losing their function. Conservation of former industrial structures requires, first and foremost, identifying and documenting the distinctive features that makes them cultural heritage sites. It is a shared responsibility between public institutions and sectors to identify and protect the distinguishing features of industrial heritage sites. With this awareness, at the Anadolu University Architecture Department, integrated student work focused on the Railroad Roundhouse—built in 1896—and Staff Housing Quarters—built in the early 20th century—which are part of this district and embody a series of urban problems, was carried out over four academic semesters. This study focuses on historic railway buildings in the Eskişehir railway district that is known for its urban problems. An exhibition combining these student works was opened at the Railcar Repair Facility on 16 November 2017. This exhibition showcased the student involvement in history of Eskişehir and increased public awareness of cultural heritage.
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Mishchenko, M. I. "Issues of vertical dividing the railways in the european sector". Science and Transport Progress, nr 40 (25.04.2012): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2012/7177.
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Activity of a railway transportation of the countries of the European sector in its vertical division is investigated and the basic problems which have led to infringement of process of harmonisation of a current condition of railways with the current legislation in sphere of a railway transportation of EU are defined.
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Eyvazov, R. A. "Becoming of railway education in Azerbaijan". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 4, nr 1 (24.03.2023): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2023.1.89-95.
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The history of the formation and development of railway education in Azerbaijan from the end of the 19th century is considered until the early 1930s; goals, organization and content of the educational process in educational institutions at the railways, forms of educational institutions, problems of training national personnel for the railway industry. It is noted that despite the existing problems in the training of national personnel, primarily related to ignorance of the Russian language, by the end of the 19th century. The first railway engineers from among the Azerbaijanis began to appear.This period of time is associated with important stages in the history of the region, the country and the whole world. If the opening of the first railway line in Azerbaijan was associated with the rapid development of the oil industry, then the expansion took place against the background of the peak of the economic power of the Russian Empire, and subsequently the outbreak of the First World War. A difficult period for the railways of Azerbaijan came after the revolutions of 1917, during the confrontation between the revolutionary forces of the Bolsheviks and local authorities, part of the railways was put out of action. Attempts to rebuild the destroyed tracks were made by the national government of Azerbaijan, but the railway was fully restored only after the establishment of Soviet power in the country.The improvement of educational institutions on the railway is inextricably linked with the development of the railway industry. All historical and political changes that had an impact on the industry were reflected in the process of training specialized personnel.
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Santos y Ganges, Luis. "Historical Interrelationship of Railways and Cities from an Urban Viewpoint." TST. Transportes, Servicios y Telecomunicaciones, nr 50 (5.03.2023): 16–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24197/tst.50.2023.16-41.
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This paper offers a conceptual overview of the state of the art relating to the historical interrelationships between railways and cities from the point of view of town planning, covering the good century and a half that there have been railways in the Iberian Peninsula. It addresses both urban and railway history, reconsidering major issues in this relationship. These are: 1) the tracks of lines as they cross cities and the role they play in urban life, 2) the passenger buildings of stations, seen as a focus of urban centrality, 3) the developing complexity of cities and railways, together with the installation of new road and port infrastructures, and 4) the problems emerging from urban expansion in the final third of the twentieth century, mostly after the restoration of democracy, specifically the question of the limited permeability of rail tracks and the interpretation as a social barrier of the physical barrier thus constituted by the railway. An idea that railways are a problem grew up within this historical interrelationship.
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Khachatryan, Nerses. "The main problems of Russian railway transport and ways to solve them". Herald of CEMI 7, nr 1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33276/s265838870030610-4.
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The article presents an overview of publications on the state of the Russian railway industry in the last two decades. The main problems it faces, including as a result of sanctions pressure from Western countries, are indicated. The approaches to solving one of the main tasks facing JSC "Russian Railways" are outlined – increasing the capacity and carrying capacity of railways.
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Dr. S. Sathya i Dr. T. Mohanraj. "A Study On Employees Job Satisfaction In Indian Railway (With Reference to Salem Division of Southern Railway)". GIS Business 15, nr 2 (9.02.2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v15i2.18895.
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Job satisfaction of employees is considered as one of the important factors for improving the organizational goals. The Indian railway is similar to the attempt to increase employee job satisfaction. In this regard, human resource management practices can have a critical role. This study focused on problems in working environment and various welfare activities in Indian railways. Moreover, this research attempted to examine the variables on job satisfaction separately. The total 354 collected data from Salem railway division of southern railways have been tested and analyzed by one way ANOVA Analysis.
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Aleshchenko, N. M. "Advanced training in industry education". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 2, nr 4 (24.11.2021): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2021.4.398-402.
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The experience of the Federal Agency for Railway Transport (Roszheldor) conducting annual training courses for the heads of educational institutions of secondary vocational education and heads of state universities of railways supervising their work, organized by the Training and Methodological Center for Education in Railway Transport, considered. The main issues and problems that were discussed from September 13 to 16, 2021 at the courses “Improving the quality of secondary vocational education in the field of railway transport: prospects and ways of development”, held on the basis of the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University.The topical issues, the study of which is devoted to the event: the results of the work of educational institutions of secondary vocational education of Roszheldor; interaction of educational organizations of Roszheldor with the main employer — JSC Russian Railways; educational and methodological support of basic professional educational programs of secondary vocational education; new organizational and methodological mechanisms in the system of secondary vocational education through Federal educational and methodological association; introduction of technological innovations into secondary vocational education in railway transport through professional skill con-tests; WorldSkills championships; informational, organizational, scientific and methodological resources for solving problems of training mid-level specialists for railway transport.
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KHODJAKOV, M. V. "MANCHURIA RAILWAY STATION IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY: PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT ON THE RAILWAY". LOMONOSOV HISTORY JOURNAL 64, nr 2023, №4 (16.05.2024): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0083-8-2023-64-4-97-106.
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The article concerns the organization of management at the Manchuria railway station in the early 20th century. The station was located on the Chinese territory, two kilometers from the Russian border. For several decades, the Russian population constituted a majority there; churches, schools and hospitals were built, and two customs offices operated. The management of the hamlet, which sprang up near the station, was carried out by the administration of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Simultaneously, at the time of the completion of the construction of the railway connecting branch “Chinese Junction - Manchuria”, part of the functions of the management of the station was taken over by the Trans-Baikal Railway. On the materials of the Russian State Historical Archive the author had shown that the joint management of the station by two railways at once had a number of peculiar features. To resolve disputes, the administration of the railways entered into special agreements. The first of them was signed in 1903 and made provision for all income and fees from the operation of the border section of the road from the Chinese border to the Manchuria station to go into the use of the Transbaikal road. All expenses for the operation of the rolling stock were also to be borne by the Trans-Baikal Road. The operation of the station facilities was strictly regulated: one part of the stone building for passengers, as well as the territories along the railway line, passed under the control of the Trans-Baikal Road, and the other - under the control of the China Road. Expenses for the maintenance and repair of the building for passengers, as well as other public facilities at the Manchuria station, were to be borne by each road in equal parts. The efficiency of the station largely depended on the due organization of the management system. The simultaneous participation in this process of the representatives of two railway departments at once led to a lack of unity of action in matters of organizing transportation. The state-owned Trans-Baikal Railway was dependent on the central departments. The Chinese Eastern Railway, as a private road, had broader competence. The presence of commercial agents at the Manchuria station did not add to unity, as they oft en pursued their own goals to the detriment of state interests.
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Benet, Jesús, Fernando Cuartero, Tomás Rojo, Pedro Tendero i Enrique Arias. "Numerical Algorithms for the Analysis of Initial Configuration in a Railway Catenary Structure and Its Code Implementation: A Software Tool CALPE". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/819165.
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To obtain the best operating conditions in a railway infrastructure, as the pantograph/catenary system, is a priority issue in modern railways, for a correct management and the best performance of this infrastructure. Although most of the published works on this subject are oriented to solving dynamic problems, in order to successfully address these problems a previous static study is necessary. In this paper, we present a methodology for the study of the forces in a railway catenary, according to the equations of statics equilibrium. The results of this work have allowed us to develop two iterative algorithms that calculate a simple and computationally effective lengths of the droppers, which is crucial to determine the initial structural configuration of the catenary parameter. The obtained results have led us to the implementation of a tool to obtain very precise assemblies with significant savings in maintenance, therefore still being used by ADIF, the Spanish railway administration of railways infrastructures.
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Hong, sunki. "A Study on the Current Status of Railway Legislation in the European Union". European Constitutional Law Association 29 (31.08.2022): 189–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.21592/eucj.2022.39.189.
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The European Union has implemented policies focusing on the principle of separation of infrastructure and operation and market opening(open access) for 30 years to revitalize railway transportation. The EU's rail policy is starting from the Council Directive 91/440/EEC of 29 July 1991 on the development of the Community's railways. In 1995, two guidelines (Council Directive 95/18/EC of 19 June 1995 on the licensing of railway undertakings and Council Directive 95/19/EC of 19 June 1995 on the allocation of railway infrastructure capacity and the charging of infrastructure fees) were issued, and in 2001 the so-called First Railway Package reiterated open access and competition in the international railway cargo market to further develop their guidelines. The second railway package in 2004 stipulated the harmonization of different certification and safety regulations, and the creation of the European union agency for railways to promote safety and mutual operation. In 2007, the third railway package has consistently promoted the development of the railway industry through competition, such as declaring the introduction of competition in international passenger services. The European Commission analyzed the performance and problems between 2011 and 2012, and announced the fourth railway package containing the results and supplementary measures.
The Fourth Railway Package is a set of six legislation designed to complete a single market for railway services, with an important goal being to revitalize the railway sector and to increase competitiveness over other means of transport.
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Duhin, S. V., A. A. Bayandurova i N. A. Duhina. "Features of application of geoinformation systems and technologies for solving production problems of JSC "Russian Railways"". Geoinformatika, nr 4 (2020): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47148/1609-364x-2020-4-28-32.
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The article discusses the possibility of creating effective geoinformation technologies to improve the operation of JSC "Russian Railways". The need for them is due to the huge scale of the territories occupied by the railway infrastructure, and the specifics of work activities that are associated with the organization of the transportation process. It is proposed to follow five principles when creating a unified railway GEODATA database: the use of a single coordinate base, the uniqueness of each object and the use of geographical coordinates as the primary key, the definition of a generalized graph of the railway network using a digital path model, the use of existing geoinformation resources, continuous updating and updating of information. Key words: geoinformation technology, single database, the railroad, digital model of the road.
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Pokrovskaya, O. D., G. I. Nikiforova, V. V. Nikiforov i G. I. Pankrateva. "Modern approach in railcar fleet management". E3S Web of Conferences 549 (2024): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454904011.
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The operation of railway transportation has a number of peculiarities. The transfer of the railcar fleet to the ownership of operating companies has obviously led to changes in the management of railway transportation. The analysis of the total freight turnover and the number of managed railcars shows that 20 largest railcar fleet operators are market leaders. Despite a number of advantages, the ownership of rolling stock by private companies causes a number of problems, the most acute of which are surplus and deficit of the railcar fleet, accumulation of “abandoned” trains. Such problems are especially evident in the logistics chains of international transportation corridors. In this regard, it is advisable to analyze the controlling actions of all participants of the transportation process, to assess the degree of participation of each operator. Solving the problems of railcar fleet management using the restrictions of pulling cars on the main infrastructure tracks with seeming advantages leads to the increasing railcar turnover and, as a consequence, the growth of the operating railcar fleet, i. e. potential surplus. Regulation of the railcar fleet should be carried out using the system of technical standardization. However, the system itself is subject to revision, especially with regard to the planning period by reducing the latter. Increasing the dynamics of regulation will make it possible to meet the transportation needs in time, avoid accumulation of “abandoned” trains, specify the operating car fleet managed by companies - operators and bring railway transportation closer to the logistic principles of freight delivery. For this purpose, it is expedient to study in detail the technology of interaction of all railway transportation participants, especially including them in multimodal transport corridors.
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Bikov, Andrey, i Kristina Chelyadinova. "THE DIGITAL PROJECT OF THE TRACK AND ELECTRONIC MAPS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR OF THE RAILWAY". Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, nr 1 (2019): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-1-1-92-98.
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Development of technology based on electronic maps and GNSS informational support of railways is one of the directions for the development of digital railways. As part of the implementa-tion of this direction, a software complex for maintenance of repairs and construction of railway tracks was developed based on the digital project of the track. This complex allows solving the tasks of preparing a working draft of repair and construction of a railway track, preparing completed doc-umentation, positioning on the ground with a digital model displayed on the track, also functions of linear referencing are available when running track machines, data visualization at the stage of creat-ing a digital track project. In addition to using the developed software (NavDMR) for solving engi-neering problems of railway track construction and repair, it is possible to fully use it as part of the current operation of the railway infrastructure.
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Nowacki, Gabriel, i Karolina Jaworska. "Safety Issues of the Rail Transport System in Poland during COVID-19: A Review Based on Statistics and Research". Polish Political Science Yearbook 53, nr 1 (2024): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppsy202412.
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The paper presents the characteristics of the rail transport system, including passenger and freight transport during the Covid-19 pandemic. The entities responsible for the safety of the railway sector were presented, among which were the Railway Transport Office, the company PKP PLK S.A., and the Railroad Security Guard, which played the most critical role. The paper presents statistical data for railway accidents and casualties in 2018–2021. It was noted that the Covid-19 pandemic significantly reduced passenger and freight transport. 2021 was the European Year of Railways; it was also an exceptional, demanding, and significant year for changes taking place on the railways. Throughout this time, the Office of Rail Transport promoted rail as a safe, ecological, and comfortable means of transport. Based on statistics and empirical research, the main problems of the railway sector were discussed, and the research hypothesis was verified positively.
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Gupta, Saumya, Jaspreet Singh Sandhu, Vikas Deep i Purushottam Sharma. "Aadhar Card Based Double Identity Verification System for Railway". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 2.31 (24.08.2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.31.18238.
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“The reservation system of the Indian Railways is an enormous database system dealing with about millions of passengers everyday. Many of these passengers travel with a reservation however a lot more travel with unreserved tickets. In this measureless system, it is an extraordinary task to competently handle this data, which is the basic demand of the management. The problems with the existing scenario are Corruption, User Authentication Security Issues, Over population, Inefficient Railway Management. This paper presents an approach to tackle these problems in a much efficient manner. In case of Indian Railways, detailed passenger data is handled for reservations and in order to provide fast and efficient services, the data has to be processed and verified at a fast pace. For the Indian railways, enhancing the existent system with ADHAAR Card Identification will reduce manual intervention to a great extent. Also the verification of the passengers would be comprehensive and safe. The ADHAAR Card Based railway System will handle the passenger data more effectively and easily”.
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Pozdnyakova, L. A., i Ye N. Zhuravleva. "PROBLEMS OF A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH CONCERNING THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEASING IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT". Science and Transport Progress, nr 10 (25.03.2006): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2006/19723.
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The article examines practicability of use of leasing operations on the railway transport in the conditions of market economy, singles out the problematic issues and economic advantages of leasing agreements, substantiates the expediency of use of leasing mechanisms as is proved by experience of Russian railways.
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Payazov, Murod. "COMPETITIVE BUSINESS MODEL IN THE SERVICE MARKET IS NECESSARY FOR IMPROVED RAIL SERVICE MANAGEMENT". Economics and Innovative Technologies 11, nr 2 (28.04.2023): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eit/vol11_iss2/i13.
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The article discusses the development models of railway services in foreign countries. The study examines the specific aspects of the organization of railway services in Sweden, France, Germany, Japan and China and their development model. The main problems that arose in their development model were studied. The advantages and disadvantages of this management system were also analyzed. Also, some aspects affecting the development of railway services in Uzbekistan were studied. According to the results of scientific research, some aspects of the further development and support of business models of railway transport have been approved by the Ministry of Transport and A.O. We hope that it will serve to a certain extent for "Uzbekistan Railways".
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González de Cossío, Maria. "Railway in Mexico". Information Design Journal 22, nr 2 (31.10.2016): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.22.2.07gon.
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The development of railways in Mexico has become a landmark of modern life, as in several other countries. Interesting information design objects have been created for the construction and development of the railway system, such as maps and charts. However, the knowledge related to such objects has remained in the realm of cartographers and other specialists. The study reported in this article, shows that information design can help us understand history, and be acquainted with questions, such as: why it took so much time to build one railway line, what problems were faced, what comparisons can be made, what were the consequences of the advent of the railway. This is the first topic studied that aims to develop a body of knowledge on the history of information design in Mexico.
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Kovalchuk, Vitaliy. "Problems of ensuring the safety of pedestrian traffic across railway tracks and ways to solve them". Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies", nr 43 (18.06.2024): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2024-43-1.
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From the analysis of the state of safety on the railways, it was established that a large number of collisions with pedestrians and their injuries occur outside railway crossings, which requires the development of technical means and the development of a safety culture for pedestrians when crossing railway tracks. The work deals with the urgent issues of ensuring the safety of pedestrian traffic when crossing railway tracks. It should be noted that the relevance of this issue today is also important from an economic point of view, since the loss of human life or injury to people has high economic losses for the country. For Ukraine, given the negative trends in population dynamics, preserving people's health and lives is of particular importance. Therefore, the improvement of safety measures for the movement of pedestrians across railway tracks in the conditions of urbanized cities should be considered in the interaction of all authorities and transport enterprises. It has been established that there is zero tolerance for road traffic fatalities in developed nations, so any measures that can improve road safety and prevent injury or death are urgent and require appropriate research and solutions. The proposed system for improving the safety of pedestrians at railway track crossings is primarily intended to create conditions for minimizing the number of traffic incidents involving pedestrians in populated areas.
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Salido, Miguel A., i Federico Barber. "Mathematical Solutions for Solving Periodic Railway Transportation". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2009 (2009): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/728916.
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Train scheduling has been a significant issue in the railway industry. Over the last few years, numerous approaches and tools have been developed to compute railway scheduling. In this paper, we present a set of heuristics for a constraint-based train scheduling tool, which is a project in collaboration with the National Network of Spanish Railways (RENFE), Spain. We formulate train scheduling as constraint optimization problems. Three heuristics are developed to speed up and direct the search toward suboptimal solutions in periodic train scheduling problems. The feasibility of our problem-oriented heuristics is confirmed with experimentation using real-life data. The results show that these techniques enable MIP solvers such as LINGO and ILOG Concert Technology (CPLEX) to terminate earlier with good solutions.
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Utami, Adita, i Hera Widyastuti. "STUDY OF SOCIETY BEHAVIOR TO EARLY WARNING IN THE RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSING WITHOUT BARRIER IN GAYUNG KEBONSARI, SURABAYA". Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 14, nr 1 (30.04.2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v14i1.4040.
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Railway level crossing safety is one of the most critical issues for railways. Collisions between trains and motorized vehicles contribute most to LX accidents. Population growth and the development of economic in Indonesia affect the increase in vehicle volume, especially in the city of Surabaya. Furthermore, the increasing of vehicles volume, causing congestion at some points in Surabaya including Gayung Kebonsari railway level crossing. One of the congestion factors at the railway level crossings is the duration of closing time as the train passes through the crossing. The uncertain duration of gate closing time cause road users to be undisciplined by break through the crossing gates while the train pass through the crossings. Considering of those problems, respondents’ opinion is being evaluated to see the society behavior to early warning on reducing the number of traffic violation. A comprehensive discussion of the existing problems, lessons learned and the possible future implications that can be applied in Indonesia are presented. Key Words: Railway Level Crossing, Accident, Society Behavior, Regression, Binary logit
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Yaghini, Masoud, Nariman Nikoo i Hamid Reza Ahadi. "AN INTEGER PROGRAMMING MODEL FOR ANALYSING IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TRAIN TYPES ON RAILWAY LINE CAPACITY". TRANSPORT 29, nr 1 (25.03.2014): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.894938.
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The evaluation of railway line capacity is an important problem, which effects majority of problems in rail transportation planning. The railway capacity is dependent on infrastructure, traffic, and operating parameters. A key factor affecting railway line capacity is the impact of different train types. As the combination of different train types increases, more interference is generated. In this paper, for evaluation of train type interactions on railway line capacity, an integer-programming model for both line and line section is presented. The problem is formulated as a multicommodity network design model on a space-discrete time network. The railway capacity is calculated using data typically available to planners. The inputs of the model are the characteristic of each train type and railway line attributes. The model determines railway capacity based on train type mixes. In addition, this model considers impact of train types on capacity and waiting time. In order to show the features of the model, a case study is implemented in Iran Railways. The capacity tends to increase non-linearly with small incremental changes in parameters. The mixture of train types reduces the railway line capacity. The proposed model can help railway managers for long-term planning.
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Smolyaninov, Alexander V., Vitaly F. Karmatsky i Denis V. Volkov. "Reforming a wagon complex: results, problems, prospects". Innotrans, nr 4 (2021): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2311-164x-2021-4-57-61.
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The article provides an analysis of the reforming results of a car complex, identifies the main problematic issues of a railway-car building, the operator and railway-car repair business, the development prospects, examines the modes of partial transfer of the functions of operational car depots for the current uncoupling-repair of freight cars to railway-car repair enterprises, suggests participation of the university scientific community in solving these problematic issues.
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Grabušić, Silvestar, i Danijela Barić. "A Systematic Review of Railway Trespassing: Problems and Prevention Measures". Sustainability 15, nr 18 (18.09.2023): 13878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813878.
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Railway trespassing is a growing problem in both rail and road transport. A high percentage of rail accidents are a result of the former. Factors that contribute to trespassing accidents range from poor decision-making by the trespasser and general ignorance of rail traffic rules to poor infrastructure (e.g., a lack of fences along tracks to prevent trespassing). The objective of this study was to provide a systematic review of the known literature on the problem of trespassing on railway tracks. The methodology implemented for literature collection was in accordance with the PRISMA method. The literature was searched using keywords: railway trespassing, railway trespassing accidents, trespassing factors, trespassing prevention, railway trespassing detection, and railway trespassing education in the Web of Science Core Collection and an additional search was conducted through other literature databases. The starting point was the collection of n = 291 studies of which a total of 72 publications were included in the literature review ranging between 1953–2023. The literature review consisted of 73.6% journal papers, 18.1% conference papers, and 8.3% expert reports. The results were the formation of: (1) Factors that influence the occurrence of trespassing accidents: (a) locations of frequent railway trespassing, (b) the temporal frequency of railway trespassing, (c) trespasser profile and behaviour, (d) motivation for and general knowledge of railway trespassing, and (e) other factors and models for railway trespassing accidents; (2) Measures for trespassing prevention: (a) education measures, (b) signalization, technological and infrastructure measures for trespassing prevention, and (c) pilot studies of railway trespassing preventive measures. The main findings were summarised and discussed with considerations for future work.
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Perger, Imre. "A határon túli vasútállomások neve a vasúti utastájékoztatásban". Névtani Értesítő 35 (30.12.2013): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2013.7.
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This paper presents the problems in identifying the contemporary Hungarian names for railway stations in the Carpathian Basin that formerly were known only by their Hungarian names. The author describes the changes of the names for the relevant settlements as well as those of the names for their railway stations from the time of the official settlement names standardization up to the present (i.e. between 1898 and 2013), which have led to misunderstandings in everyday communication and, especially, in information services for railway passengers. The paper presents the international rules and requirements for naming railway stations, and discusses the relevant regulations by the Hungarian Railways. The author explains why the Hungarian names cannot be used in timetables and why the exclusive use of Hungarian names for railway stations beyond the borders of the present-day Hungary cannot be claimed in information services. The author also discusses the queries on name use posed by the Hungarian Railways to the Hungarian Committee on Geographical Names; and based on the decisions involving an accepted list of railway station names, summarizes the principles to be followed in name use, exploring the professional background of the actual decisions. Because of the lack of unified practice concerning the use of the Hungarian names for settlements beyond the borders of the present-day Hungary, the author initiates the compilation of a standardized historical and administrative gazetteer.
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Levin, D. Yu. "The First Main Line in Russia". World of Transport and Transportation 19, nr 2 (13.11.2021): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-19-2-18.
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The article is dedicated to the 170th anniversary of the first Russian railway main line St. Petersburg–Moscow. The country’s railway transport, as the main type of transportation, has a rich history and remarkable patriotic, labour, scientific, and technical traditions. We must remember them. The emergence of railways in Russia, as in other countries of the world, was accompanied by many problems that needed to be solved: financing methods, types of ownership, track gauge, types of traction and signalling, traffic management and control, competition with other modes of transport, etc. The stage of emergence of railways in Russia is very instructive. What extreme points of view were expressed, and how long did it take to start building main lines? After the society realised the need for construction of railways, it became obvious that the costs required are not affordable neither for the state, nor for creditors, nor for private entrepreneurs. To better understand how construction of the first railway in Russia was conducted, the article offers many illustrations.
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Synikova, O. M., i A. H. Dikolenko. "Activation of innovative – investment process as an assumption of the development railroad industry in Ukraine". Science and Transport Progress, nr 36 (25.03.2011): 303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2011/9328.
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The article examines the main problems associated with acceleration of innovation-and-investment processes on the railway transport. The special attention is paid to issues of attracting investments as a prerequisite for the replacement of fixed assets and the innovative development of railways.
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Kopytko, V. I. "THE PROBLEMS REFORMATION OF UKRAINIAN RAILWAY TRANSPORT". Science and Transport Progress, nr 17 (25.08.2007): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2007/17647.
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An the article some problems of reformation of the railway transport in Ukraine, taking into consideration evaluations criteria of effectiveness and development of transport, state of production-technical basis and technological level of transportation are considered. Measures as regards to improvement service in the railway transport are proposed, the necessity of the transport market analysis taking into account the fact that «Ukrzaliznytsya» is one of the branches of natural monopoly is proved. Introduction of the informational resource as a component of getting eventual result will permit to complete structural reform of the railway transport.
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Ra, Kwang Hyun, i Mansoo Kim. "A study on the organization and function of Amtrak Police in the United States". Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice 31, nr 3 (30.09.2022): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21181/kjpc.2022.31.3.123.
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In that the railway police are in a different environment from the general police, the Korea Railway Police are established and operated in Korea, and the railway police are operated by local governments and railroad corporations in foreign countries. In the case of railway police in Korea, there have been criticisms on the functions, jurisdiction, and operation, such as raising questions about whether public police activities are appropriate for private company’s operating areas. In this regard, in this paper, the organization and function of Amtrak Police were reviewed to derive implications for the Korea Railway Police. Amtrak Police employs more than 400 police officers and civilian staff with a budget of approximately $80 million, and performs passenger safety-accident prevention and corporate security functions as well as general police functions on railways. However, despite the increase in the demand for security on the railway, there seems to be some problems with the stability of the organization, such as the planned reduction of manpower. Several implications were presented in relation to the analysis of the functions and manpower of Amtrak police.
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TALBOT, MICHAEL. "The Exalted Column, the Hejaz Railway and imperial legitimation in late Ottoman Haifa". Urban History 42, nr 2 (28.10.2014): 246–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096392681400056x.
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ABSTRACT:This article examines the political and social tensions of late Ottoman Haifa through the history of the Hejaz Railway and a particular monument, the ‘Exalted Column’ (Sütūn-u ʿĀlī), a monument erected in 1903 to commemorate the beginning of Ottoman construction on the Haifa railway branch. By first establishing the use of railways and railway architecture as a means of exerting state power in a comparative and local perspective, the railway structures in Haifa are analysed in the context of that city's other monumental buildings. This then leads to a discussion of theSütūn-u ʿĀlīas a celebration of Ottoman authority and modernity, and of the developing Ottoman–German alliance. The symbolism of the column's iconography is shown to reflect a variety of problems that the Ottoman state faced in Haifa at the turn of the twentieth century.
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Swan, Julian, i Marilena Radoiu. "Microwave Plasma System for Continuous Treatment of Railway Track". Technologies 8, nr 4 (14.10.2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies8040054.
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Braking conditions are a fundamental issue for the railway and have been a limiting factor in network capacity and timetabling. Leaf fall, especially during the autumn season, creates low-adhesion problems on railways, causing braking problems for trains. To address the requirements of the novel plasma industrial applications towards environmental applications, this work developed and tested a 2.45 GHz microwave atmospheric pressure plasma system for in situ removal of the third body layer deposited onto the railway so as to improve braking. The plasma reactor consisted of a 15 kW, 2.45 GHz magnetron-based microwave generator and a plasma reactor (dielectric tube placed in a TE01 monomode microwave cavity); the atmospheric plasma ignited and sustained at different power levels (2–15 kW) in different gases (nitrogen, argon) as well as mixtures of these gases with reactive molecules (water, oxygen) was jetted directly onto the railhead as to change the conditions for the wheel–rail interface. This technology is hoped to be a game-changer in enabling predictable and optimized braking on the railway network. Challenges encountered during the demonstration phase are discussed. Subsequent work should validate the results on a working railway line during the autumn season.
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Smirnov, Anton, Evgeniy Smolokurov, Vladimir Tarikov i Sergei Krovsh. "Specifics of Railway Development in Russia". E3S Web of Conferences 363 (2022): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236301002.
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The state of rail transport in Russia today cannot be commended, considering that the leading countries in the industry are sometimes several times more efficient than Russia. A number of current problems, such as the lack of high-speed railways, the underdeveloped rail network, the monopoly of one company and, consequently, the unreasonably high prices for transportation, need to be resolved as soon as possible. Improvements in this area will help railways to be competitive among other transport: today, transportation by rail is slower than it could be and more expensive. Solutions need to be found that will soon solve the existing range of problems and also allow the railway industry to continue making a major contribution to the country's economy. Russia is a potentially game-changing country in this industry: it has a huge area, which means there should be no problems in accommodating the HSL. Besides, the country has good engineers trained in this field, and the investments made into changing the railroad sector would allow the country to develop at a pace similar to that of China, for instance.
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Kravchenko, Olha, i . "The Financial Aspects of Innovative Development of the Railway Transport in Ukraine". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 4.3 (15.09.2018): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.3.19957.
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The implementation of the strategy of re-industrialization of national economies is now the main trend in both Europe and Asia. In this context, railways are of great importance, as a mode of transport, capable of carrying large volumes of cargo and passengers with a sufficiently high speed. Special attention is paid to the innovative development of transport corridors connecting Europe and Asia to a single transport network. Mainly this paper is devoted to the financial aspects of the development of Ukrainian railway infrastructure, which has a significant transit potential. It is shown that underfunding of renewal of fixed assets of railways leads not only to the intensification of current problems, but to the formation of problems that will have a decisive influence in the future. The high cost of projects related to the innovative development of the railway infrastructure necessitates the attraction of private capital. The types of public-private partnership models as a mechanism for investment financing are considered. It has been determined that for the railway transport the most feasible are the BOT (build-operate-transfer) and BOOT (built–own–operate–transfer) models, which allow to ensure the innovative development of strategic infrastructure sites and maintain its integrity, by keeping it in state ownership.
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Kurhan, Mykola, i Dmytro Kurhan. "Problems of providing international railway transport". MATEC Web of Conferences 230 (2018): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823001007.
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Due to its geographic location and developed transport infrastructure, Ukraine has a significant potential in the development of cargo transportation, primarily in international traffic, in particular as a transistor country in the logistics chain of trade between Asia and Europe. The possibilities of railway transport for the organization of transportation between the countries of the European Union and Ukraine are not used to the full extent, since there is a number of technical reasons of the transport systems incompatibility between Ukraine and European countries. In the course of the research, methods of analysis and synthesis were used to study prospects of the European and domestic system of international railway transportations, the experience of creating, operating and optimizing these systems. To compare the above mentioned options, the authors developed a model for predicting and assessing the efficiency of railway transport from the border of one state to the border of the other one.
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Jonaitis, Jonas. "PLANNING OF THE AMOUNT OF TRAINS NEEDED FOR TRANSPORTATION BY RAIL". TRANSPORT 22, nr 2 (30.06.2007): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2007.9638104.
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The article analyses the importance of planning process of rail transportation. Railway planning problems are presented in this paper. Planning the railways for years, months, weeks or days ahead leads to substantially different problems; in this regard railway planning problems can be strategic, tactical, operational and short‐term. Another way to classify railway planning problems is based on their target: they concern the timetable, the rolling stock and the crew. Planning the structure and volume of the rolling stock is a key factor in achieving maximum efficiency of transportation by rail as well as forecasting the demand for these transport facilities. The demand for trains is a time‐dependant variable which in each case should be determined by two main approaches. The first method allows us to determine quantitative parameters of rolling stock (i.e. kilometers logged, efficiency, turnover, etc.). The second is based on specially developed mathematical models relying on qualitative characteristics such as relative expenses, efficiency of the particular train, relative expenditure of resources, cost of the trains, etc. Planning the volume of the rolling stock the determination of optimal service life of the trains plays an important role. The calculations involve repair costs, number of overhauls, current expenses and operational characteristics.
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He, Hong, i De Wei Li. "Research on the Problems of China's Railway Refrigerated Transport and Solutions". Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (styczeń 2014): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.562.
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In this paper, we have analyzed on the problems existed in China's railway refrigerated transport, and have found that equipments of railway refrigerated transport are in poor conditions and have low utilization rate, the setting of freights’ transport fees is irrational, duration of the transport is long and the refrigerated transport organization is lagging behind. For the above problems, this paper have proposed to develop the railway refrigerated containers, to develop a flexible price policy, to increase the assessment efforts on the dwell time of refrigerated transport vehicles, to comply with the assessment criteria of transit time of refrigerated transport vehicles strictly and to conduct a comprehensive dynamic monitoring on railway refrigerated transport through using management information system of railway transportation to reform the refrigerated transport organization, and thereby improving the quality of railway refrigerated transport.
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Shcherbanin, Yu A. "Some problems of Russia’s railway infrastructure". Studies on Russian Economic Development 23, nr 1 (styczeń 2012): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1075700712010108.
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Bešinović, Nikola, Egidio Quaglietta i Rob M. P. Goverde. "Resolving instability in railway timetabling problems". EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics 8, nr 5 (grudzień 2019): 833–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13676-019-00148-3.
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Abril, Montserrat, Miguel A. Salido i Federico Barber. "Distributed search in railway scheduling problems". Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 21, nr 5 (sierpień 2008): 744–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2008.03.008.
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Lin, Shanlang, i Tian Gan. "Does High-Speed Rail Promote Agglomeration in China?" Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (25.07.2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6443204.
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This paper constructs the agglomeration model of crossregional labor flow and market accessibility based on the new economic geography model. Using panel data in 2000-2013, this paper examines the impact of high-speed railways on industrial agglomeration. The results show that high-speed railway significantly promotes the spatial agglomeration of industrial firms. The high-speed railway promotes industrial agglomeration by promoting crossregional mobility of industrial labor and improving market accessibility. We also construct the instrument variable based on HSR construction cost and apply the TSLS model to solve the potential endogenous problems. At the same time, PSM results also get the net effect caused by the repair of a high-speed railway, which verifies the robustness of the results.
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PETRYSHYN, Nataliia, Liubov NODZHAK i Yana SKRYPNYK. "Problems of international railway transport during martial law". Economics. Finances. Law 11/3, nr - (30.11.2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2022.11(3).4.
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Introduction. Since the beginning of the full-scale war against Ukraine due to the blocking of sea ports, massive destruction of the transport infrastructure, railway transport has become the key mode of transport, which carries out most of the export-import supplies. The importance of finding potential ways to develop the country's export-import potential determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the paper is to identify the existing problems of international transportation by rail in Ukraine and to provide certain recommendations for their solution and in order to increase the export-import potential of the country. Results. However, with the beginning of the war, railway transport suffered a significant reduction due to a number of problems. First, Ukrainian wagons cannot travel on European roads due to the difference in track width, and shippers need to replace wheeled carts and coupling devices for wagons. Secondly, Ukrzaliznytsia can provide approximately 3.5 thousand wagons for export every day, but due to the unpreparedness of the European side, a significant number of wagons accumulated daily at the borders. Thirdly, railway transport, is systematically losing its carrying capacity and rapidly degrading, which poses a real threat to the national economy, social stability. Finally, due to hostilities and constant missile attacks in Ukraine, the EU countries are unable to fully receive the necessary amount of cargo by rail. Conclusion. In order to overcome the problems of international transportation by rail, it is necessary: to increase the capacity of railway checkpoints on the western borders of Ukraine, to optimize the technical and organizational compatibility of the railway systems, to improve the capacity of Ukrzaliznytsia, to promptly carry out repair works of railway infrastructure and to strengthen the capacity of the receiving parties to transport cargo with a European-style railway system.
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Vydashenko, L., i P. Vydashenko. "Problems of Legal Regulation of Interaction Between Public and Non-public Railway Transport". Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, nr 1 (15.01.2024): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/98/40.
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In 2023, the main regulatory document — Federal Law no. 18-FZ “Charter of Railway Transport of the Russian Federation” will celebrate its 20th anniversary, which regulates relations between participants in the transportation process, determines the basic conditions for organizing and carrying out the transportation of goods, empty cars, and the provision of railway transport services public use and non-public use. During the period of validity of the UZhT, this basic law was amended by federal laws issued by legislative bodies related to the reform of the railway industry, but changes and amendments were not made in a timely manner to the by-laws issued by executive authorities within their competence, and to the development of basic laws, which leads to problems for all transportation participants, and this is most visible when organizing the maintenance and operation of non-public routes. In the field of legal regulation of railway transport, there is a fairly large array of regulations, which contain a contradictory nature when used in work. The article discusses problematic issues that arise from untimely legal regulation of the interaction of public and non-public railway transport, as well as the conclusion and execution of contracts for the supply and removal of cars, the operation of non-public railway tracks and their maintenance. In accordance with Art. 2 UZhT non-public railway tracks (PNP) — railway access tracks adjacent directly or through other railway access tracks to public railway tracks and intended to serve certain users with railway transport services on the terms of contracts or to perform work for their own needs.