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Hollis, Kevin John. "Microbeam design in radiobiological research". Thesis, Brunel University, 1995. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4824.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoghill, Matthew Taylor. "Radiobiological modeling using track structure analysis". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44731.
Pełny tekst źródłaWeeks, Amanda. "Radiobiological Effects of internalised Radiopharmaceuticals in Human Cells". Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499642.
Pełny tekst źródłaSandström, Helena. "Contouring variability in radiosurgery - dosimetric and radiobiological implications". Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-123252.
Pełny tekst źródłaBertrand, Olivier F. "Prevention of coronary restenosis using a radioactive stent : radiobiological studies". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ64515.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaFalk, Jennie. "Robust Optimization for Uncertain Radiobiological Parameters in Inverse Dose Planning". Thesis, KTH, Optimeringslära och systemteori, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-160135.
Pełny tekst źródłaCancer är en av de största dödsorsakerna i världen idag, och strålningsterapi är en vanligt förekommande behandlingsform. Vanligtvis optimeras behandlingsplaner för strålningsbehandlingar genom att sätta villkor på en minimal dos till tumörer och en maximal dos till omkringliggande vävnad. Biologiska modeller har utvecklats som ett alternativ till dessa villkor, för att användas i optimeringen av behandlingsplaner. Resultatet av sådan radiobiologisk dosoptimering beror inte endast av kvaliteten på de biologiska modellerna, utan även på noggrannheten i de vävnadsspecifika parametrar som finns i modellerna. Olika val av parametervärden leder till olika resultat och därför kommer osäkerheter i dessa parametrar att äventyra kvaliteten på strålningsbehandlingar. Radiobiologiska optimeringsmodeller som inkluderar koncepten Tumour Control Probability (TCP) och Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP), eller Equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD) har utvecklats i detta examensarbete. De osäkra modellparametrar har uttryckts med sannolikhetsfördelningar och inkluderats i optimeringsmodellen. Robusta optimeringsmetoder som tar hänsyn till osäkerheter har utvecklats och implementerats i ett grafiskt användargrässnitt i MATLAB, med syftet att kunna användas i Gammaknivs- kirurgi. De optimerade robusta dosplanerna har jämförts med icke-robusta optimerade dosplaner där värden på de osäkra parametrarna är konstanta. Resultaten pekar på att dosplanerna starkt beror på de olika fördelningar av parametrar som använts och att robusta optimeringsmetoder ger behandlingsplaner som är mindre känsliga för variationer i de biologiska parametrarna.
Mavroidis, Panayiotis. "Determination and use of radiobiological response parameters in radiation therapy optimization /". Stockholm : Karolinska Univ. Press, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-7349-092-X/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIori, Mauro. "Rotational intensity modulated radiation therapy : dosimetric, treatment planning, and radiobiological aspects". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569581.
Pełny tekst źródłaFernandez, Alejandro Carabe. "A theoretical investigation of the radiobiological rationale for high-LET radiotherapy". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487551.
Pełny tekst źródłaConere, Thomas James. "The radiobiological effects of gas mixtures under ambient and hyperbaric conditions". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292290.
Pełny tekst źródłaChung, Yoonsun. "Radiobiological evaluation of new boron delivery agents for boron neutron capture therapy". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44784.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 123-132).
This thesis evaluates the radiobiological effectiveness of three new boron compounds namely a boronated porphyrin (BOPP) and two liposome formulations for neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The methodology utilizes in vitro and in vivo comparisons that characterize compounds relative to boric acid and boronophenylalanine (BPA). In vitro evaluations utilized a colorimetric assay and 96-well plates to minimize the quantities of compound required for testing. The assay was optimized for the murine SCCVII, squamous cell carcinoma to determine the chemical toxicity and relative cellular uptake of a compound. BOPP was toxic at low concentrations and comparisons between the different compounds for thermal neutron irradiations were performed with approximately 5 [mu]g 10B/ml in the culture medium to allow radiation induced effects to govern the observed response. Using less than 300 [mu]g of compound and 250 kVp X-rays as control irradiations, a compound biological effectiveness (CBE) of 3.3 ± 0.7 was determined for BOPP that is comparable to the result for boric acid (3.5 ± 0.5) indicating a non-selective intracellular accumulation of 10B. BPA has a significantly higher CBE of 6.1 + 0.7. Boronated liposomes (MAC-16 and MAC+TAC) were evaluated with the EMT-6 murine mammary carcinoma. Biodistribution studies showed high 10B uptake in tumor (20-40 [mu]g 10B/g) 30 hours after a single i.v. injection (dose 6-20 [mu]g 10B per gram of body weight). Tumor control experiments were performed using thermal neutrons to study the efficacy of the boron delivered by liposomes and BPA. The MAC-16 produced a 16 % tumor control and BPA (dose 43 [mu]g 10B/gbw) 63 % for tumor boron concentrations of approximately 20 [mu]g 10B/g and the same neutron fluence.
(cont.) Liposome doses were limited by injection volume and so two injections were tried 2-hours apart that doubled the boron concentration in tumor compared to a single administration. This improved the therapeutic response to 67 % with less apparent skin damage than with BPA. Microscopic studies using fluorescent labeled liposomes revealed 10B was nonuniformly distributed and concentrated at the edge of the tumor. Based on these studies in the tumor cell lines chosen neither of the compounds appear superior to BPA.
by Yoonsun Chung.
Ph.D.
Folkert, Michael R. (Michael Ryan) 1975. "Development, characterization, and application of a charged particle microbeam for radiobiological research". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34434.
Pełny tekst źródła"September 2005."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 194-197).
The goal of this work is to develop a charged-particle microbeam for use in radiobiological research at the MIT Laboratory for Accelerator Beam Applications (LABA). The purpose of this device is to precisely explore the radiation response of biological systems on a cellular and subcellular level, particularly in the area of temporal and spatial effects of radiation on in vitro systems. An accelerator-based 750 keV proton source was characterized and integrated into a laboratory-scale device that includes a deflection/gating system, single-particle detection system, imaging and positioning system, and a collimation system with two designed modes: a "charged-particle microslit" for delivering a -3 micron by 1 mm dose profile; and a pinhole aperture for delivering a -3 micron diameter pattern of radiation. The entire device measures less than 4 m, requires minimal radiation shielding, and utilizes a dedicated ion source. The charged particle microslit has been fully characterized and used to deliver a radiation pattern to a series of mammalian fibroblast cell monolayers that have subsequently been assayed for direct and indirect chemical effects of radiation, double-stranded DNA damage, and DNA repair protein localization. These studies will contribute to the understanding of the radiation-induced bystander effect, which is generally defined as the induction of biological effects in cells that are not directly traversed by ionizing radiation.
(cont.) Analysis of the range of assays performed on the microbeam-irradiated cells demonstrates that even though the physical radiation dose is confined to a subnuclear width (< 5 microns), in many cases the biological effects of the radiation extend for many cell widths (> 40 microns) and show dependence on the initial radiation dose delivered to the directly irradiated cells. As an experimental system, the LABA Microbeam was designed to be practically turn-key, and most applications require only one operator to perform. The LABA Microbeam represents a significant step towards a cost-effective and easily operated charged-particle microbeam appropriate for use as a standard laboratory research tool. Further work remains in automation of the microbeam subsystems and optimization/characterization of the pinhole-aperture collimator, as well as expanding the scope of the radiobiological assays performed using the charged-particle microslit.
by Michael R. Folkert.
Ph.D.
AlDahlawi, Ismail. "Calibration of a radiobiological irradiator : the Faxitron cabinet X-ray system model CP160". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112370.
Pełny tekst źródłaCole, Aidan. "Investigation of the radiobiological and dosimetric implications of respiratory motion in advanced radiotherapy". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.673797.
Pełny tekst źródłaCaceres, Maria Alejandra. "A dosimetry and radiobiological model for intravascular brachytherapy treatment planning with radioisotope emitting stents". FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1961.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeyreuther, Elke. "Realization of radiobiological in vitro cell experiments at conventional X-ray tubes and unconventional radiation sources". Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-62621.
Pełny tekst źródłaFager, Marcus. "Radiobiological plan optimization in Proton therapy for Prostate tumors using a Patched Integrated Edge [PIE] technique". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-96203.
Pełny tekst źródłaKjellsson, Lindblom Emely. "Time, dose and fractionation: accounting for hypoxia in the search for optimal radiotherapy treatment parameters". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148301.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 6: Manuscript.
Wilkins, David E. Carleton University Dissertation Physics. "Radiobiological and magnetic resonance studies of combined radiation and cisplatin therapy in the 9L rat brain tumour model". Ottawa, 1993.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaChandrasekaran, Mekala. "The effect of photon dose calculation algorithms on the clinical outcome of radiotherapy as assessed by radiobiological models". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2012. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/9373/.
Pełny tekst źródłaShin, Wook Geun. "Development and application of the Geant4-DNA toolkit for the simulation of radiobiological effects at the sub-cellular scale". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0310.
Pełny tekst źródłaPredicting the biological effects induced by ionizing radiation is a major scientific challenge of current radiobiology, in particular to try to better understand the effects of low doses on living beings as well as carcinogenesis. The computational approach based on codes to simulate trace structures in the biological medium using the Monte Carlo technique is today the most reliable method to calculate the early effects of ionizing radiation on DNA, the main cellular target of radiation effects. Among the existing codes, the Geant4-DNA extension of the Geant4 general purpose simulation toolkit is the first one fully open and freely available to the community. Geant4-DNA can simulate not only the physical but also the physico-chemical and chemical stages of water radiolysis. These stages can be combined with simplified geometric models of DNA to assess direct and indirect early DNA damage. In this thesis, I propose (1) to improve in Geant4-DNA the modeling of the elastic scattering of electrons in liquid water in order to simulate more precisely the spatial distribution of energy deposits and radical species. Then, (2) the physico-chemical stage of water radiolysis is also improved based on approaches described in the literature (modeling, measurements), this step strongly affecting the chemical stage by modifying the initial yields and the concentration of radical species. (3) In addition, the Independent Reaction Time (IRT) method is implemented in Geant4-DNA to reduce the computational time to simulate the chemical kinetics of water radiolysis. Finally, I evaluate (4) the biological damage induced at the subcellular scale using a cellular DNA geometry developed in a previous study, including in the simulation all the improvements developed during this thesis, up to the repair of early DNA damage. These developments are grouped in a complete simulation chain for users of the Geant4-DNA extension of Geant4
Frese, Malte Christian [Verfasser], i Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Oelfke. "Potentials and Risks of Advanced Radiobiological Treatment Planning for Proton and Carbon Ion Therapy / Malte Christian Frese ; Betreuer: Uwe Oelfke". Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1179229266/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaura, Antonovic. "Radiobiological end-points for the theoretical evaluation of the effectiveness of carbon ions and photons in treating tumours with dynamic hypoxia". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102731.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows; Paper 3: Manuscript; Paper 4: Epubl ahead of print; Paper 5: Manuscript
Sandström, Helena. "Variability in target delineation instereotactic radiosurgery withLeksell Gamma Knife® Perfexion™ and a perspective on radiobiological outcome: A multiobserver study". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Medicinsk strålningsfysik (tills m KI), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100429.
Pełny tekst źródłaPetrigliano, Maria Stefania. "Comparison of radiobiological effects induced by ultra-high and standard dose rate of x-rays on a radio-resistant cell line". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10813/.
Pełny tekst źródłaHeller, Dennis P. Carleton University Dissertation Physics. "Radiobiological aspects of cellular recovery following high and low dose-rate irradiation with/without mild hyperthermia in a human glioma cell model". Ottawa, 1993.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaSmith, Debbie Michelle Carleton University Dissertation Physics. "The radiobiological equivalence of low dose rate irradiation and pulsed dose rate irradiation, as it relates to brachytherapy, using U-87MG blioblastoma cell line". Ottawa, 2000.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaAdamus-Górka, Magdalena. "Improved dose response modeling for normal tissue damage and therapy optimization". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Medical Radiation Physics (together with KI), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7433.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present thesis is focused on the development and application of dose response models for radiation therapy. Radiobiological models of tissue response to radiation are an integral part of the radiotherapeutic process and a powerful tool to optimize tumor control and minimize damage to healthy tissues for use in clinical trials. Ideally, the models could work as a historical control arm of a clinical trial eliminating the need to randomize patents to suboptimal therapies. In the thesis overview part, some of the basic properties of the dose response relation are reviewed and the most common radiobiological dose-response models are compared with regard to their ability to describe experimental dose response data for rat spinal cord using the maximum likelihood method. For vascular damage the relative seriality model was clearly superior to the other models, whereas for white matter necrosis all models were quite good except possibly the inverse tumor and critical element models. The radiation sensitivity, seriality and steepness of the dose-response relation of the spinal cord is found to vary considerably along its length. The cervical region is more radiation sensitive, more parallel, expressing much steeper dose-response relation and more volume dependent probability of inducing radiation myelitis than the thoracic part. The higher number of functional subunits (FSUs) consistent with a higher amount of white matter close to the brain may be responsible for these phenomena. With strongly heterogeneous dose delivery and due to the random location of FSUs, the effective size of the FSU and the mean dose deposited in it are of key importance and the radiation sensitivity distribution of the FSU may be an even better descriptor for the response of the organ. An individual optimization of a radiation treatment has the potential to increase the therapeutic window and improve cure for a subgroup of patients.
Smith, Debbie Michelle. "The radiobiological equivalence of low dose rate irradiation and pulsed dose rate irradiation, as it relates to brachytherapy, using the U-87MG glioblastoma cell line". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ57780.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaMilián, Félix Más. "Estudo in vitro dos efeitos radiobiológicos no DNA plasmidial com radiações ionizantes de baixo LET". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-04122006-150637/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe interaction of radiation with DNA molecules has been intensively studied in the last years, allowing improvements on the experimental techniques and on the theoretical comprehension of the phenomena involved in that interaction under controlled conditions. In this work, a new experimental technique has been developed which enables one to study the radiation-DNA interaction for different radiations and with reduced uncertainties, allowing a quantitative analysis of single- and double-strand breaks on DNA in aqueous solutions with different scavenger concentrations. To this end, many experimental tests were performed in order to find the best experimental condition for reducing the uncertainties. A software was developed for quantitative analysis of the electrophorese image, offering the most important tools for accurate quantification of the DNA products. An important reduction on uncertainties was achieved, allowing the extension of experimental studies to the low scavenger concentration region. The results are in good agreement with experimental data at those conditions where these experiments were already performed, and in agreement with the theoretical model where there are no experimental results to compare with.
Lindblom, Emely. "The impact of hypoxia on tumour control probability in the high-dose range used in stereotactic body radiation therapy". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-84518.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcKenna, Frederick W. "Studies of cell survival curve fitting, effective doses for radiobiological evaluation in SBRT treatment techniques and the dependence of optical density growth in Gafchromic EBT film used in IMRT". Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2009.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaKeßler, Jaqueline Verfasser], Ralph [Akademischer Betreuer] Golbik, Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Vordermark i Daniel [Akademischer Betreuer] [Zips. "Effect of molecular markers HIF-1α and IDH1 on the radiobiological behavior of human malignant glioma cell lines in normoxia and hypoxia / Jaqueline Keßler ; Ralph Golbik, Dirk Vordermark, Daniel Zips". Halle, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1118500555/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaChanrion, Marie-Anne. "Study and development of physical models to evaluate biological effects of ion therapy : the study of local control of prostate cancer". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10304/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaExternal beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is a therapy technique aiming at treating locoregional tumors with high efficiency. However, many tumors remain uncontrolled. Newest EBRT techniques always aim at increasing the dose to the tumor while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues. Carbon-ion beam therapy is one of these promising techniques. The number of clinical centres offering carbon-ion beam radiotherapy has been increasing over the world for the last decade. This keen interest spread after very promising results from pilot projects at Berkeley (USA), Chiba (Japan) and Darmstadt (Germany). The theoretical advantages of carbon-ionsare better spatial selectivity in dose deposition and better efficiency in cell killing. They have thus the potential to increase the control of tumors, particularly for unresectable radioresistant tumors. In high linear-energy-transfer (LET) radiations, such as carbon-ion beams, biological effects vary along the ion track, hence, to quantify them, specific radiobiological models are needed. There exist several radiobiological models based on very different theoretical approaches and approximations. They were created and improved in each of the pilot institutions. At the current state of knowledge, no convergence between the model results seems to be possible in the very near future. Clinically employed radiobiological models are the Local Effect Model (LEM) developed in Germany and implemented in CE-certified treatment planning systems, the National Institute of Radiological Science (NIRS) model employed in Japanese centres with passive beam delivery systems and the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) in Japanese centres with active scanning beam delivery systems
Qatarneh, Sharif. "Development of a Whole Body Atlas for Radiation Therapy Planning and Treatment Optimization". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Stockholm university & Karolinska institutet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-803.
Pełny tekst źródłaZackrisson, Björn. "Biological effects of high energy radiation and ultra high dose rates". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Onkologisk radiobiologi, 1991. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96889.
Pełny tekst źródłaS. 1-44: sammanfattning, s. 47-130: 5 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
Hollmark, Malin. "Absorbed dose and biological effect in light ion therapy". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Medical Radiation Physics, Stockholm university together with KI, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7756.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlvares-Garcia, Rosana de Souza. "Efeitos da radiação gama sobre os fenotipos nucleares de alguns tipos celulares de Triatoma infestants klug(Hemiptera,reduviidae)". [s.n.], 1988. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317814.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Alterações induzidas por radiação gama em fenótipos nucleares definidos em termos de padrões de organização cromatínicos e de áreas nucleares e de heterocromatina foram estudadas em ninfas machos de 5º estádio de Triatoma infestans Os órgãos escolhidos para análise citológica foram túbulos de Malpighi, musculatura, traquéias e testículos. As doses de radiação gama empregadas para se realizar as análises citológicas foram escolhidas com base na construção de curvas de sobrevivência para as ninfas. Os preparados foram submetidos à reação de Feulgen e banda C e as áreas nucleares foram determinadas por cariometria. As curvas de sobrevivência dos insetos irradiados indicaram que a radiação induz redução na expectativa de vida desses Insetos; a dose de radiação que mais drasticamente afetou a sobrevida dos insetos foi 1220Gy (1220/GOmln) Este decréscimo na expectativa de vida pode ter tido como causa um envelhecimento precoce e o fator físico da radiação, que é a taxa de dose. Os resultados mostraram alterações nos fenótipos nucleares das células analisadas, sendo caracterizado como: vacuolizado, picnótico, de heterocromatina descompactada, com compactação da área eucromatica simultânea ou não à descompactação da heterocromatina, gigante e micronúcleos. Além disso, foram também constatados os fenótipos normais usuais. Com relação as alterações nos fenótipos nucleares encontrados nos insetos irradiados, seriam decorrentes de modificações na própria fisiologia cromatínica e/ou corresponderiam a etapas de um processo necrótico celular associado aos efeitos da radiação. A ação mais drástica observada a nível somático, correspondeu ao aparecimento do fenótipo vacuolizado, que afetou os núcleos poliplóides e foi produzido em condições de radiação que mais reduziram a sobrevivência dos insetos. Na linhagem germinativa, por outro lado, alterações sérias apareceram sob a forma de picnose e micronúcleos, a primeira em condições drásticas ou brandas de radiação e a segunda apenas em condições mais drásticas. As áreas eucromáticas mostraram-se mais susceptíveis aos efeitosda radiação que as áreas heterocromáticas, já que são regiões mais ativas da cromatina. Não se descarta a hipótese de que as alterações aparentemente mais brandas em compactação cromatínica nos vários tipos celulares possam induzir a prazo mais longo, alterações severas na sobrevivência dos insetos
Abstract: Alterations induced by gamma radiation in nuclear phenotypes as defined in terms of chromatin organization patterns and nuclear and heterochromatin areas, were studied in 5th instar male nymphs of Triatoma infestans. Malpighlan tubules, muscles, tracheae and testes were the organs chosen for cytological analyses. The choice of the gamma radiation doses used to carry out the cytological analyses was based on the surv1val curves constructed for the nymphs. The preparations were submitted to the C-banding technique and to the Feulgen reaction. The nuclear areas were determined by karyometry. The survival insects indicated that the radiation induced a decrease in the insect survival was that of 1220Gy (1220Gy/60min). The decrease in life expectant could have been caused by premature ageing and the physical factor of the radiation, which is the rete of dos age. The results showed alterations 1n the nuclear phenotypes of the cells analysed. New fenotypes appeared showing being characterized as: vacuolization, picknosis, unraveling of lhe heterochromatin, condensation of the euchromatin area either simullaneously with the unravellingof the heterochromatin. Giant nuclei and micronuclei were also detected. In addition, the usual normal phenotypas were also faund. With respect to the alterations of the nuclear phenotypes found in the irradtated insects, these would be a result of modifications in the actual chromatin physiology and/or would correspond to stages In a cellular necrotic process associated with the effects of Irradiation. At the somatic level, the most drastic action observed was the appearance at nuclear vacuolization, which affected the polyploid nuclei 8nd was produced under those conditions of radiation which most reduced Insect survival. On the other hand, in the male germinative cell line, serious alterations appeared in the forro of pycknosis and micronuclei, the former under both drastic and mild conditions of radiation and the latter under only the most drastic conditions. The euchromatic areas were shown to be more susceptlble to the effects of radiation than the heterochromatin areas, since the former are the more active chromatin regions. The hypothesis that the apparently milder alterations in ehromatin condensation of the various cellular types could induee severe alterations in insect survival on a long term basic, cannot be neglected.
Mestrado
Biologia Celular
Mestre em Ciências
Cedioli, Alessandro. "Acquisizioni e archiviazioni d'immagini microscopiche di broncosfere in radiobiologia". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3562/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFerreira, Rivea Ines. "Efeito da irradiação local por eletrons no processo de reparação tecidual, em ratos diabeticos". [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290146.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: As radiações ionizantes e certos estados patológicos, como a diabetes mellitus, determinam alterações nos fenômenos biológicos do reparo tecidual. O presente trabalho experimental teve por finalidade pesquisar o efeito da irradiação por elétrons sobre os componentes do tecido de granulação, na pele de ratos diabéticos. Para tanto, 48 ratos da linhagem Wistar foram separados em 4 grupos: animais-controle, animais normais irradiados, animais diabéticos e animais diabéticos irradiados. Inicialmente, o estado diabético foi induzido por meio da administração intravenosa de estreptozotocina. Após 15 dias da indução, todos os animais foram submetidos a um ato cirúrgico para a realização de uma ferida excisional, na região dorsal anterior. No 3° dia pós-operatório, apenas uma área que compreendia cerca de 1cm, lateralmente a cada margem do ferimento, foi irradiada com uma dose única de 1,OGy, por feixes de elétrons com 6MeV de energia. A reparação tecidual foi estudada aos 4,7,13 e 21 dias que sucederam a cirurgia, por microscopias ópticas comum e de polarização. Empregou-se as técnicas de coloração por hematoxilina-eosina, visando à observação das características morfológicas do tecido de granulação, e, picrosirius, com a finalidade de identificar e avaliar a maturação do colágeno neoformado. Para a detecção do dicroísmo linear, que se relaciona à organização macromolecular dos feixes de fibras colágenas, uma parte das amostras teciduais foi submetida à reação histoquímica com o azul de toluidina a 0,025%, em pH 4,0. A avaliação, essencialmente qualitativa, das amostras teciduais permitiu concluir-se que: 1. A irradiação local causou um retardo na cicatrização, por atrasar os eventos proliferativos. Contudo, não impediu que o processo de reparo culminasse na restauração tecidual; 2. Os desequilíbrios metabólicos inerentes à diabetes atuaram em sinergismo com a irradiação no retardo da reparação tecidual, não somente por adiarem a fase proliferativa, mas também por condicionarem a persistência da fase inflamatória; 3. A irradiação e o estado diabético ocasionaram uma redução no conteúdo de colágeno, do tecido de granulação, que foi mais acentuada para os animais diabéticos irradiados
Abstract: Ionizing radiations and certain pathologic states, such as diabetes mellitus, have major impact on the biologic phenomena of tissue repair. The aim of the present experimental research was to investigate the effect of electron irradiation on skin granulation tissue components, in diabetic rats. In this study, 48 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control animais; normal irradiated animais; diabetic animais and diabetic irradiated animais. First, diabetes mellitus was induced, in the last two groups, by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Fifteen days later, ali the animais underwent a surgery in arder to make an excisional wound in the anterior dorsal skin. On the third day postoperation, only an area approximately 1cm wide around the wounds was exposed to 1Gy of 6MeV electron beam radiation, delivered in a single dose. Wound healing was examined at 4,7, 13, and 21 day time intervals after wounding by ordinary and polarized light microscopies. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the study of morphological aspects of the newly formed granulation tissue. For specific identification and evaluation of collagen maturation, some tissue sections were stained with picrosirius red. In order to detect the linear dichroism, that is related to the macromolecular organization of collagen fibers, other tissue sections were stained with 0.025% toluidine-blue aqueous solution, at pH 4.0. Based upon the essentially qualitative evaluation of granulation tissue, it was possible to conclude that: 1. Local irradiation caused a delay in wound healing, as a consequence of the retardation in the proliferative events. However, ali the wounds ultimately have closed; 2. Diabetes associated dysfunctions and electron irradiation acted synergistically in delaying tissue repair, not only by postponing proliferative phase, but also by prolonging inflammatory phase; 3. Irradiation and diabetic state determined a decrease in collagen content, in the granulation tissue, which was more pronounced in diabetic irradiated animais
Mestrado
Radiologia Odontologica
Mestre em Radiologia Odontológica
Tuji, Fabricio Mesquita. "Avaliação do efeito radioprotetor do selenito de sodio em glandulas parotidas de ratos". [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290164.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Doutorado
Peixoto, Breno Cherfên [UNESP]. "Efeitos biológicos da radioterapia na expressão do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) durante a odontotogênese em camundongos (Mus musculus)". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105848.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Pacientes portadores de câncer na região de cabeça e pescoço quando submetidos à radioterapia podem apresentar vários tipos de manifestações clínicas, dentre elas a diminuição dos níveis salivares do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF). O EGF é uma pequena proteína (53 aminoácidos) que estimula a proliferação de células dos mamíferos, sendo encontrada em vários órgãos em desenvolvimento. Pode também exercer um papel fisiológico na erupção dentária ao interagir com outras moléculas como o fator de crescimento transformante β (TGF-β), a interleucina 1 (IL-1) e do fator de estimulação de colônia 1 (CSF-1), aumentando a reabsorção óssea e estimulando a quimiotaxia de células mononucleares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, por meio de reações de imuno-histoquímica, se a expressão do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) pode ser alterada na odontogênese do primeiro molar superior de camundongos Mus musculus, após exposição de fêmeas prenhes a radioterapia, na dose de 3 Gray (Gy) ao décimo dia de gestação. Foram avaliados os germes dentários dos embriões aos 14, 16 e 18 dias de desenvolvimento pré-natal. As análises morfológica microscópica óptica e histomorfométrica demonstraram que o número de células epiteliais periféricas do órgão do esmalte imunopositivas para o EGF foi significativamente menor no grupo 3 Gy em relação ao grupo controle nos períodos de 14o (P<0,0001), 16o (P<0,0001<0,05) e 18o (P<0,0008) dias pré-natais. Processo FAPESP no 2008/54534-8.
Malignant neoplasm orofacial patients when receiving radiation therapy can present several types of radiation injuries and clinical manifestations, such as decrease of the salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels. EGF is a small protein (53 amino acids) that stimulates the proliferation of cells of the mammals, being found in several organs in development. EGF can exercise a physiological role in the dental eruption through the interaction with other molecules such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), which increases the bone reabsorption and stimulating the chemotaxis for mononuclear cells. The objective of this work was to verify through technique of immunohistochemistry, changes in the expression of the EGF in the odontogenesis of the first upper molar in Mus musculus mice embryos to the 14th, 16th and 18th days of intrauterine life. Pregnant mice was irradiated on the 10th gestacional day with a 3 Gray (Gy) dose. The microscopical mophological and histomorphometrical analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of EGF-positive dental epithelium cells in the 3 Gy group when compared with control group in 14th (P<0,0001), 16th (P<0,0001<0,05) and 18th (P<0,0008) intrauterine day periods. Supported by FAPESP no 2008/54534-8.
Rangel, Araújo Sampaio Claudine. "Avaliação Eletromiográfica nos músculos masseter e temporal anterior após o uso de placa de Hawley modificada, em pacientes com DTM". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2003. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5068.
Pełny tekst źródłaEste estudo foi realizado com treze voluntárias, entre dezesseis e trinta e quatro anos, que possuíam classificação de DTM de moderada a severa; selecionadas através de um questionário anamnésico de classificação de desordens temporomandibulares. Os registros foram realizados por meio de eletrodos bipolares de superfície, antes do uso da placa de Hawley modificada, com 14 dias de instalada e 28 dias após, usada 8 horas por noite. Com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos masseter e temporal anterior na condição de repouso e em contração isométrica máxima. Pretende-se relacionar as mudanças ocorridas na atividade eletromiográfica desses músculos com a evolução dos sinais e sintomas relatados nas diferentes aplicações do questionário anamnésico, a fim de quantificar a eficácia clínica do aparelho utilizado. A amplitude do sinal eletromiográfico foi quantificada pelo seu valor médio (Root Mean Square- RMS) e análise espectral de freqüência através da freqüência média, ambos os parâmetros calculados através de uma rotina do programa MatLab. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio dos testes não paramétricos de Friedman e Wilcoxon e as correlações foram testadas por meio do teste de Spearman, considerando-se para todos os testes, o nível de significância de 5%. Após a análise dos resultados, concluiu-se haver redução significativa da atividade eletromiográfica do temporal e masseter na posição de repouso, indicativa de relaxamento muscular. Observou-se também, que em contração isométrica voluntária máxima (CIVM) ocorreu correlação positiva entre as atividades eletromiográficas dos músculos masseter e temporal anterior direito e esquerdo, independentemente dos tempos da pesquisa. A partir dos resultados também concluiu-se que o aparelho promoveu significativa correlação na redução no grau de severidade de DTM e aumento na abertura bucal máxima à medida que o tratamento evoluiu
Boas, Fabricio de Almeida Souza Vilas. "Avaliação do potencial radiossensibilizador de uma tiossemicarbazona derivada de N(4)-Metil-Toluil-2-acetilpiridina e seu complexo de cobre sobre linhagens celulares de tumores cerebrais". CNEN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, 2010. http://www.bdtd.cdtn.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=161.
Pełny tekst źródłaA radioterapia é uma das principais abordagens terapêuticas utilizadas no tratamento do câncer e é indicada, principalmente, em casos onde as lesões são inoperáveis. No entanto, uma de suas limitações advém dos próprios efeitos biológicos da radiação, além de outros fatores tais como a radiorresistência inerente a alguns tipos tumorais, tais como os cerebrais. Então, a aplicação concomitante de agentes antineoplásicos com radioterapia vem sendo praticada na clínica de modo a maximizar o efeito benéfico do último e ao mesmo tempo minimizar os efeitos colaterais da exposição à radiação ionizante. Dentro deste contexto geral é importante a pesquisa de novos compostos que possam ser selecionados como protótipos para o desenvolvimento de agentes que possuam os menores efeitos adversos possíveis. As tiossemicarbazonas são uma classe de compostos sintéticos que apresenta um amplo perfil farmacológico e já demonstraram atividade antitumoral. Também já foi relatado que a complexação destes compostos com cátions metálicos pode ser capaz de torná-los mais eficazes. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o potencial radiossensibilizador de uma tiossemicarbazona derivada de N(4)-metil-toluil-2-acetilpiridina e seu complexo com cobre sobre linhagens celulares de glioblastoma multiforme, o qual de todos os tumores cerebrais é o que apresenta a maior agressividade e o maior índice de morbidade. Foi avaliada a sensibilidade de linhagens celulares de glioblastoma com diferentes status de p53 RT2 e U87 (p53 selvagem) e T98 (p53 mutante) à radiação gama de uma fonte de 60Co. Os resultados de citotoxicidade indicaram que as linhagens em questão apresentam uma radiossensibilidade similar, p53-independente. Os efeitos citotóxicos da tiossemicarbazona Lac e seu complexo CuLac foram avaliados e os resultados indicaram que ambas possuem excelente efeito citotóxico na ordem de 10-8 M em todas as linhagens avaliadas, portanto menores que drogas como a hidroxiuréia, cisplatina e etoposídeo (IC50 entre 10-4 e 10-6 M em média). O tratamento com as tiossemicarbazonas seguido de 6 Gy de radiação gama se mostrou mais eficiente que o tratamento com radiação isolada em todas as linhagens. A complexação com cobre não alterou de modo significativo o efeito antitumoral da tiossemicarbazona livre sobre as linhagens testadas. Análises de fotomicrografias ópticas indicaram que todos os tratamentos ocasionaram alterações morfológicas, tais como arredondamento celular, redução do volume citoplasmático e surgimento de vesículas na membrana citoplasmática. O conjunto de dados indicam que a tiossemicarbazona Lac e seu complexo de cobre possuem potente efeito antitumoral e também induzem radiossensibilização nas linhagens testadas.
Radiation therapy is one of the main therapeutical approaches used for the treatment of cancer and is indicated, mostly, in cases which the lesions are inoperable. However, one of its limitations comes from its own biological effects, besides other factors such as the radioresistance inherent to some types of tumors like the cerebral ones. Therefore, the concurrent aplication of antineoplasic agentes with the radiation therapy has been used in the clinical pratice with the objective of maximize the benefical effects of the latter and at the same time minimize the side effects of the exposure to ionizing radiation. In this general context is important the research for new compounds that can be selected as prototypes for the development of agents that possess the least adverse effects as possible. The thiosemicarbazones are a class of synthetic compounds that present a broad pharmacological profile and have demonstrated antitumoral activity. Also has been reported that the coordination of these compounds to metallic cations may be capable of make them more effective. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the radiosensitizing potential of a thisemicarbazone derived from N(4)-methyl-tolyl-2-acetylpyridine and its copper complex against glioblastoma multiforme cell lines, which of all brain tumors types, are the most agressive and have the highest morbidity. The sensitivity of glioblastoma cell lines with different p53 status RT2 and U87 (p53 wild type) and T98 (p53 mutant) to gamma radiation from a 60Co source was assessed. Citotoxicity results indicated that the cell lines in study presented a similar radiosensitivity, p53-independent. The citotoxic effects of the thiosemicarbazone Lac and its complex CuLac were assayed and the results indicated that both possess na excelent effect at the order of 10-8 M in all cell lines evaluated, therefore smaller than drugs such as hydroxyurea, cisplatin and etoposide (IC50 between 10-4 and 10-6 M). The treatment with the thiosemicarbazones followed by a 6 Gy gamma radiation dose showed to be more effective than the radiation alone in all cell lines. Coordination to Cooper had not changed significantly the antitumoral effect of the free thiosemicarbazone agains the cell lines tested. Morphological analysis of optical photomicrographies indicated that all treatment caused alterations, such as cell rounding, diminishing of the cytoplasmic volume and rising of vesicles at the cytoplasmic membrane. Together these data indicate that the thiosemicarbazone Lac and its metallic complex possess potent antitimoral effect amd also induce radiosensitivity in the tested cell lines.
Caiffa, Luigi. "Studio di classi di sferoidi multicellulari di carcinoma polmonare epidermoidale in radiobiologia". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5372/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeixoto, Breno Cherfên. "Efeitos biológicos da radioterapia na expressão do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) durante a odontotogênese em camundongos (Mus musculus) /". São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105848.
Pełny tekst źródłaBanca: João Luiz de Miranda
Banca: Luiz Cesar de Moraes
Banca: Miguel Angel Castilho Salgado
Banca: Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho
Banca: Marlene Fenyo Soeiro de Matos Pereira
Resumo: Pacientes portadores de câncer na região de cabeça e pescoço quando submetidos à radioterapia podem apresentar vários tipos de manifestações clínicas, dentre elas a diminuição dos níveis salivares do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF). O EGF é uma pequena proteína (53 aminoácidos) que estimula a proliferação de células dos mamíferos, sendo encontrada em vários órgãos em desenvolvimento. Pode também exercer um papel fisiológico na erupção dentária ao interagir com outras moléculas como o fator de crescimento transformante β (TGF-β), a interleucina 1 (IL-1) e do fator de estimulação de colônia 1 (CSF-1), aumentando a reabsorção óssea e estimulando a quimiotaxia de células mononucleares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, por meio de reações de imuno-histoquímica, se a expressão do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) pode ser alterada na odontogênese do primeiro molar superior de camundongos Mus musculus, após exposição de fêmeas prenhes a radioterapia, na dose de 3 Gray (Gy) ao décimo dia de gestação. Foram avaliados os germes dentários dos embriões aos 14, 16 e 18 dias de desenvolvimento pré-natal. As análises morfológica microscópica óptica e histomorfométrica demonstraram que o número de células epiteliais periféricas do órgão do esmalte imunopositivas para o EGF foi significativamente menor no grupo 3 Gy em relação ao grupo controle nos períodos de 14o (P<0,0001), 16o (P<0,0001<0,05) e 18o (P<0,0008) dias pré-natais. Processo FAPESP no 2008/54534-8.
Abstract: Malignant neoplasm orofacial patients when receiving radiation therapy can present several types of radiation injuries and clinical manifestations, such as decrease of the salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels. EGF is a small protein (53 amino acids) that stimulates the proliferation of cells of the mammals, being found in several organs in development. EGF can exercise a physiological role in the dental eruption through the interaction with other molecules such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), which increases the bone reabsorption and stimulating the chemotaxis for mononuclear cells. The objective of this work was to verify through technique of immunohistochemistry, changes in the expression of the EGF in the odontogenesis of the first upper molar in Mus musculus mice embryos to the 14th, 16th and 18th days of intrauterine life. Pregnant mice was irradiated on the 10th gestacional day with a 3 Gray (Gy) dose. The microscopical mophological and histomorphometrical analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of EGF-positive dental epithelium cells in the 3 Gy group when compared with control group in 14th (P<0,0001), 16th (P<0,0001<0,05) and 18th (P<0,0008) intrauterine day periods. Supported by FAPESP no 2008/54534-8.
Doutor
Larocca, Samanta. "La risposta cellulare ai diversi tipi di radiazione tramite espressione genica e radiobiologia sistemica". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7832/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMoreira, João Vítor de Almeida. "Radiobiologia: efeito das radiações ionizantes na célula e formas de protecção das radiações ionizantes". Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/987.
Pełny tekst źródłaIonizing radiation is a kind of radiation with enough energy so that during an interaction with an atom, it can remove electrons strongly tied to its orbit, causing the atom to become charged or ionized. Ionizing radiation occurs in two forms: waves or particles. Longer waves, but with lower frequency (heat and radio) have less energy than those with shorter lengths and higher frequency (X and gamma radiation). Not all electromagnetic radiation is ionizing. Only the high frequency part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes X-rays and gamma rays, is ionizing. Specific forms of ionizing radiation are called radiation particles, which consist of atomic and subatomic particles (electrons, protons, etc.) that transport energy as kinetic energy or mass in motion. Mankind has always been exposed to radiation from natural sources (background radiation) and recently, from artificial sources too. With regard to natural radioactivity, it must be remembered that there are small amounts of uranium, thorium and other radioactive elements that emit low levels of ionizing radiation. Another source of natural exposure are cosmic rays. Most of these are filtered through the atmosphere, but in high altitudes or on commercial flights, the exposure can be considerable, unlike what happens at sea level. Cosmic rays can also interact with atoms in Earth's atmosphere creating radioactive isotopes such as Carbon-14. The effects of radiation on the human body are complex and depend on the type of radiation, specifically its intensity and energy. Ionizing radiation, for their high energy, can penetrate matter, ionize the atoms, break chemical bonds and cause damage to biological tissues such as erythema, dermatitis, vascular lesions, alopecia, cataracts, and even changes in the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, neuronal and vascular systems. Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation may also result in the destruction of cells or even cancer induction. However, the use of ionizing radiation has many applications that have broad benefits for society and individuals. A common example is the use of ionizing radiation in medicine, where it is widely used for diagnostic purposes (X-ray, CT scans and mammography) and treatment (radiotherapy, brachytherapy and nuclear medicine). In the industrial setting, applications are similarly extensive, especially in industrial radiography in non-destructive tests, sterilization by radiation and nuclear gauges of density, humidity, weight and interface level. Due to the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation on the human body, it is necessary to use several methods for protection, which are properly regulated by different entities and should be known and used, not only by experienced professionals, but also by the general public exposed to radiation. The different protective methods that should be considered are: barrier methods (protective glasses, gonads protectors, lead aprons and gloves, among others); exposure time; distance to the source of radiation. The objective of this dissertation is to do a literature research on the following aspects of ionizing radiation: effects at cellular level; sources of radiation; maximum radiation dose that an individual can be exposed; radiation protection measures and its supervision.
Finocchiaro, Domenico. "Ottimizzazione di un sistema di calcolo Voxel dosimetry e implementazione di grandezze radiobiologiche per MRT". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12025/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFantigrossi, Ilaria. "Analisi temporale di caratteristiche morfometriche estratte da immagini di broncosfere sottoposte a differenti trattamenti radiobiologici". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4334/.
Pełny tekst źródła