Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Radiators

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Radiators”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 1 sierpnia 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Radiators"

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Shui-Chang, Liu, Li Li-Fu i Zhang Yong. "Vehicle Radiators’ Performance Calculation and Improvement Based on the Coupling of Multi-scale Models Simulations". Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, nr 1 (31.12.2014): 636–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010636.

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In simulation of the heat transfer between radiator and air flow field, the adoption of the radiator full-size model containing its core body structure with small feature sizes would require huge storage space and not be economical. In view of this question, based on the coupling of multi-scale models simulations, a calculation method of radiator performance is proposed in this paper the reliability of which is verified by an experiment test. Subsequently, the influence on the radiators’ thermal performance of the layout of the parts in front of the radiators is analyzed. Lastly, the layout of the front parts is modified to enhance the radiators’ thermal performance. The investigation results indicate that: the radiators’ thermal performance calculation method based on simulations coupling of radiator multi-scale models considers the influences of air-side flow field distribution and the core body structure details; the error of the calculating values from the method is less than 5%, and the method is reliable; when the heat source parts in front of the radiators are situated right in front of the rear fan channel, the radiators thermal performance is better; the radiators cooling power increases 19.3kW after layout modification of the front heat resource parts.
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Mar’ina, Z. G., A. Y. Vereshchagin, A. V. Novozhilova, M. A. Komarevtsev i K. O. Isaeva. "Study of the thermal characteristics of the aluminum radiator ROYAL Thermo Evolution". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1211, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1211/1/012005.

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Abstract The use of aluminum radiators in heating systems began with the foreign companies products such as Fondital Group, Global Radiatori, Ferroli, etc. There are now Russian aluminum radiators companies that adhere to European standards, for example ROYAL Thermo, Rifar. The thermal characteristics of radiators are usually specified by the manufacturer. However, they are not always confirmed in practice. This is due to the fact that radiator connecting method is not taken into account. In some technical data sheets, the power reduction factors are given depending on the difference between the average coolant temperature and the air temperature in the room. Therefore, the study of the influence of aluminium heating appliances connecting on its thermal characteristics is an actual task. The article presents the results of research of radiator of the ROYAL Thermo Evolution type, it was made on request from company specialising in heating systems design. It was found that the actual thermal power of one section varies in the range of 135 … 225 W, depending on the connection method of the radiator, the thermal power of the section declared by the manufacturer corresponds only to the diagonal «top-bottom» connection, the thermal power of the eight-section radiator with one-sided «top-bottom» connection is 12% higher than with a diagonal one. Studies show, when designing heating systems, it is necessary to take into account the connection method and the number of device sections.
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Yan, Kai, Feng Li i Jing Ren. "Numerical simulation study on the heat dissipation characteristics of an air-cooled radiator". E3S Web of Conferences 441 (2023): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344103013.

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This article conducts numerical simulation calculations on the heat dissipation characteristics of an air-cooled radiator. The results show that under natural heat dissipation conditions, the maximum temperature of air-cooled radiators with flat heat dissipation covers decreases by 9.6% compared to radiators without heat dissipation covers, and the maximum temperature of air-cooled radiators with array raised heat dissipation covers decreases by 9.9%; Under forced air cooling conditions, the maximum temperature of an air-cooled radiator with a flat heat dissipation cover decreases by 12.7%, while the maximum temperature of an air-cooled radiator with an array raised heat dissipation cover decreases by 13.3%.
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Sravan, Venapusa, Himani Srivastava, Pandey DHANRAJ Jitendra i S. Senthur Prabu. "Investigation on Thermal Analysis of Spacecraft Radiators". ECS Transactions 107, nr 1 (24.04.2022): 17073–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.17073ecst.

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In this research, the main objective is to compare the thermal properties of the rectangular and honeycomb structured space radiators used in spacecraft. The comparison of radiators was done by conducting steady state thermal analysis on these radiators by applying varying heat loads over it to analyse the thermal properties acting over them. The selection of appropriate material for the radiators was based on tensile strength, resistance to high temperature, and the type of working fluid considered. From the simulation results, the honeycomb structures of spacecraft radiator could withstand to a higher temperature gradient, and the rate of heat dissipation was much higher in comparison with rectangular fin type radiator, and hence it can be considered as a great replacement in near future.
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Dzierzgowski, Mieczysław. "Verification and Improving the Heat Transfer Model in Radiators in the Wide Change Operating Parameters". Energies 14, nr 20 (12.10.2021): 6543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206543.

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Laboratory measurements and analyses conducted in a wide range of changes of water temperature and mass flow rate for different types of radiators allowed to provides limitations and assessment of the current radiators heat transfer model according to EN 442. The inaccuracy to determinate the radiator heat output according to EN 442, in case of low water mass flow rates may achieve up to 22.3% A revised New Extended Heat Transfer Model in Radiators NEHTMiRmd is general and suitable for different types of radiators both new radiators and radiators existing after a certain period of operation is presented. The NEHTMiRmd with very high accuracy describes the heat transfer processes not only in the nominal conditions—in which the radiators are designed, but what is particularly important also in operating conditions when the radiators water mass flow differ significantly from the nominal value and at the same time the supply temperature changes in the whole range radiators operating during the heating season. In order to prove that the presented new model NEHTMiRmd is general, the article presents numerous calculation examples for various types of radiators currently used. Achieved the high compatibility of the results of the simulation calculations with the measurement results for different types of radiators: iron elements (not ribbed), plate radiators (medium degree ribbed), convectors (high degree ribbed) in a very wide range of changes in the water mass flow rates and the supply temperature indicates that a verified NEHTMiRmd can also be used in designing and simulating calculations of the central heating installations, for the rational conversion of existing installations and district heating systems into low temperature energy efficient systems as well as to directly determine the actual energy efficiency, also to improve the indications of the heat cost allocators. In addition, it may form the basis for the future modification of the European Standards for radiator testing.
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Jiang, C. H., i T. Y. Kam. "Vibration and Sound Radiation Characteristics of Composite Flat-Panel Sound Radiator". Applied Mechanics and Materials 431 (październik 2013): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.431.177.

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The vibration and sound radiation characteristics of laminated composite flat-panel sound radiators are studied via both theoretical and experimental approaches. In the theoretical study, a finite element model is presented to formulate the forced vibration of the sound radiators. The first Rayleigh integral is used to construct the sound pressure level curve of the sound radiators. In the experimental study, a laminated composite sound radiator was subjected to sweep sine excitation to determine the frequency response spectrum from which the natural frequencies of the sound radiator were identified. The sound radiator with salt powder distributed on its top surface was excited to generate the vibration shapes of the sound radiator at several selected frequencies. The SPL curve of the sound radiator was also measured experimentally. The experimental results are then used to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed finite element model.
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BARGŁOWSKI, Leszek, Mariusz ADAMSKI i Maksym REBMAN. "ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS FOR RADIATORS IN BUILDINGS". Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 33, nr 1 (8.09.2023): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.59440/ceer-2023-0010.

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In the following article emphasizes the analysis of technical and economic criteria for radiators, that will help you make the right choice of radiator type. Different solutions for heating flats are presented, the focus is on water-fed radiator solutions. After detailed analysis, the evaluation criteria are selected: indicators of the unit heat output of a radiator related to the mass, volume and length of the radiator QM, QV, QL. Radiator types, nominal working parameters, evaluations criteria and techno-economic analysis of structural solutions for radiators on the example of a residential building are presented.
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Soloveva, Olga, Sergei Solovev, Rozalina Shakurova i Timur Mustafaev. "Numerical simulation of dust particle deposition and heat transfer in fin-plate radiators". E3S Web of Conferences 460 (2023): 08006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346008006.

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Fin-plate radiators are actively used in cooling systems for microelectronic devices. Radiators often become dusty during operation, which leads to decrease in heat flow and heat dissipation. Consequently, the possibility of device overheating and failure increases. We carried out numerical studies to assess the influence of the radiator geometry on the deposition of dust particles and, as a consequence, the change in heat flow. We built 3D models of plate radiators with different types of fins (flat and corrugated) and the distance between them. The problem of air flow with dust particles flowing around the radiator has been solved. We revealed the dependences of the efficiency of particle deposition and changes in heat flow on the geometry of the radiator, the size of dust particles and the distance between the fins.
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Bupesh Raja, V. K., R. Unnikrishnan i R. Purushothaman. "Application of Nanofluids as Coolant in Automobile Radiator – An Overview". Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (czerwiec 2015): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.337.

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In this paper a literature review is made on the application of nanofluids as coolant in automobile radiators. The nanoparticles by virtue of their smaller size possess more surface area than the bulk material, which shall enable them to absorb and dissipate heat at a faster rate. Generally water and ethylene glycol are used as coolants in automobile radiators. Several investigators have used nanofluids consisting of nanosize particles of TiO2, Al2O3, SiO2, CuO, Fe2O3, etc., suspended in the coolant used in the radiator of automobiles. These investigators have observed that the application of nanofluids increases the cooling rate and shall pave way for reducing the weight and size of the radiator, there by contributing to smaller and efficient radiators.
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Liu, Zongjiang, Wei Xu, Linhua Zhang, Zhong Li i Airong Feng. "Research on improving the overall thermal performance of panel radiators based on the CFD method". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2592, nr 1 (1.09.2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2592/1/012026.

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Abstract A panel radiator is one of the radiators commonly used in central heating at present. Improving the heat performance of the panel radiator and making it more suitable for low-temperature heating is an important direction of current research on heating energy conservation. This paper studied the overall heat transfer performance of panel radiators based on the CFD method. The research shows that compared with the longitudinal continuous fin widely used at present, the use of discontinuous fins and staggered fins can improve the thermal properties of the panel radiator significantly. The comparative study of eight scenarios shows that the average heat transfer coefficient of the radiator equipped with longitudinal staggered fins and VGs increases by 120.24%, and the radiator equipped with discontinuous inclined staggered fins increases by 117.33%. Due to the reduction of heat dissipation area, the total amount of heat dissipation of the radiator equipped with discontinuous fins is not as good as the radiator equipped with staggered fins that does not change the heat dissipation area basically. This study provides a way to improve the heat transfer properties of panel radiators.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Radiators"

1

iyer, vishwanath. "Broadband Impedance Matching of Antenna Radiators". Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/388.

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"In the design of any antenna radiator, single or multi-element, a significant amount of time and resources is spent on impedance matching. There are broadly two approaches to impedance matching; the first is the distributed impedance matching approach which leads to modifying the antenna geometry itself by identifying appropriate degrees of freedom within the structure. The second option is the lumped element approach to impedance matching. In this approach instead of modifying the antenna geometry a passive network attempts to equalize the impedance mismatch between the source and the antenna load. This thesis introduces a new technique of impedance matching using lumped circuits (passive, lossless) for electrically small (short) non-resonant dipole/monopole antennas. A closed form upper-bound on the achievable transducer gain (and therefore the reflection coefficient) is derived starting with the Bode-Fano criterion. A 5 element equalizer is proposed which can equalize all dipole/monopole like antennas. Simulation and experimental results confirm our hypothesis. The second contribution of this thesis is in the design of broadband, small size, modular arrays (2, 4, 8 or 16 elements) using the distributed approach to impedance matching. The design of arrays comprising a small number of elements cannot follow the infinite array design paradigm. Instead, the central idea is to find a single optimized radiator (unit cell) which if used to build the 2x1, 4x1, 2x2 arrays, etc. (up to a 4x4 array) will provide at least the 2:1 bandwidth with a VSWR of 2:1 and stable directive gain (not greater than 3 dB variation) in each configuration. Simulation and experimental results for a solution to the 2x1, 4x1 and 2x2 array configurations is presented. "
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Luther, Justin. "Microstrip Patch Electrically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiators". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5984.

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This dissertation explores the expansion of the Electrically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) technology to arrays using microstrip patch elements. Scanning arrays of two and three closely-coupled rectangular patch elements are presented, which incorporate no phase shifters. These arrays achieve directive radiation patterns and scanning of up to 26° with maintained impedance match. The scanning is effected by tunable reactive loads which are used to control the mutual coupling between the elements, as well as additional loads which compensate to maintain the appropriate resonant frequency. The design incorporates theoretical analysis of the system of coupled antennas with full-wave simulation. A prototype of the three-element array at 1 GHz is fabricated and measured to exhibit a maximum gain of 7.4 dBi with an efficiency of 79.1%. Further, the microstrip ESPAR is thoroughly compared to uniformly-illuminated arrays of similar size. To satisfy the need for higher directivity antennas with inexpensive electronic scanning, the microstrip ESPAR is then integrated as a subarray. The three-element subcell fabrication is simplified to a single layer with an inverted-Y groove in the ground plane, allowing for DC biasing without the need for the radial biasing stubs or tuning stubs found in the two-layer design. The 1 GHz ESPAR array employs a corporate feed network consisting of a Wilkinson power divider with switchable delay line phase shifts, ring hybrid couplers, and achieves a gain of 12.1 dBi at boresight with &"177;20° scanning and low side lobes. This array successfully illustrates the cost savings associated with ESPAR subarray scanning and the associated reduction in required number of phase shifters in the RF front end.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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Checketts, Gus Thomas. "Microchannel Radiator: an Investigation of Microchannel Technology with Applications in Automotive Radiator Heat Exchangers". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700005/.

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Microchannels have been used in electronics cooling and in air conditioning applications as condensers. Little study has been made in the application of microchannels in automotive heat exchangers, particularly the radiator. The presented research captures the need for the design improvement of radiator heat exchangers in heavy-duty vehicles in order to reduce aerodynamic drag and improve fuel economy. A method for analyzing an existing radiator is set forth including the needed parameters for effective comparisons of alternative designs. An investigation of microchannels was presented and it was determined that microchannels can improve the overall heat transfer of a radiator but this alone will not decrease the dimensions of the radiator. Investigations into improving the air-side heat transfer were considered and an improved fin design was found which allows a reduction in frontal area while maintaining heat transfer. The overall heat transfer of the design was improved from the original design by 7% well as 52% decrease in frontal area but at the cost of 300% increase in auxiliary power. The energy saved by a reduction in frontal area is not substantial enough to justify the increase of auxiliary power. The findings were verified through a computational fluid dynamic model to demonstrate the heat transfer and pressure drop of microchannel tubes. The results confirmed that heat transfer of microchannels does improve the thermal performance of the radiator but the pressure drop is such that the net benefit does not outweigh the operating cost. An additional CFD study of the new fin geometry and air-side heat transfer predictions was conducted. The results of the study confirmed the theoretical calculations for the fin geometry.
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Leupin, Andreas. "Spectral emission and improvement of technical infrared radiators /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1989. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=8942.

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Juyal, Prateek. "Directive microstrip disc radiators based on TM1m modes". IEEE TAP, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32074.

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Fundamental TM11 mode of circular microstrip antennas has a limitation of low broadside gain. This thesis explores and investigates the possibility of designing high gain circular microstrip antennas by using higher zeros of the first order mode, or the TM1m modes. Deficiencies in the existing methods of gain enhancement, motivates the need to look for new methods. This is done by first investigating the radiation characteristics of TM1m modes, and then providing techniques for sidelobe suppression in their radiation patterns. Several approaches are proposed and corresponding to each developed technique, an example of high gain antenna is designed, fabricated and experimentally evaluated. First, through the radiation characteristics of a magnetic loop over an infinite ground plane, we explain the occurrence of high sidelobes in the E-plane radiation patterns of the TM1m modes. By noting the peak directivity and sidelobe variation with loop size, we propose, investigate and demonstrate the use of high permittivity substrates to reduce the sidelobes in the TM12 mode. Second, to remove the dependence of the radiation characteristics on high permittivity substrates, another technique to suppress the high sidelobes of TM12 mode, is presented. It is found that introducing a narrow nonresonant rectangular slot at the patch center, sidelobes of the TM12 mode can be effectively suppressed. Sidelobe level (SLL) suppression is demonstrated by both simulation and measurement, using various configurations. Third, it is proposed that linearly superimposing the radiation fields of either odd or even zeros of the first order mode, can achieve both high gain and low sidelobes. To show this, stacked antenna configurations of TM11 and TM13 modes are thoroughly investigated and SLL suppression is demonstrated. Finally, to leverage further advantage of the linear superposition of modes, a single layer annular slot loaded antenna configuration is proposed. The proposed new configurations are based on higher order TM1m modes, which, for excitation, requires electrically large conducting discs. This property offers one more advantage at high frequencies, where antenna size becomes too small for the fundamental mode to fabricate and feed. The proposed electrically large antennas eliminate these problems, and become more practical to fabricate.
February 2017
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Wu, Ziran. "Electromagnetic Crystal based Terahertz Thermal Radiators and Components". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195207.

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This dissertation presents the investigation of thermal radiation from three-dimensional electromagnetic crystals (EMXT), as well as the development of a THz rapid prototyping fabrication technique and its application in THz EMXT components and micro-system fabrication and integration. First, it is proposed that thermal radiation from a 3-D EMXT would be greatly enhanced at the band gap edge frequency due to the redistribution of photon density of states (DOS) within the crystal. A THz thermal radiator could thus be built upon a THz EMXT by utilizing the exceptional emission peak(s) around its band gap frequency. The thermal radiation enhancement effects of various THz EMXT including both silicon and tungsten woodpile structures (WPS) and cubic photonic cavity (CPC) array are explored. The DOS of all three structures are calculated, and their thermal radiation intensities are predicted using Planck's Equation. These calculations show that the DOS of the silicon and tungsten WPS can be enhanced by a factor of 11.8 around 364 GHz and 2.6 around 406 GHz respectively, in comparison to the normal blackbody radiation at same frequencies. An enhancement factor of more than 100 is obtained in calculation from the CPC array. A silicon WPS with a band gap around 200 GHz has been designed and fabricated. Thermal emissivity of the silicon WPS sample is measured with a control blackbody as reference. And enhancements of the emission from the WPS over the control blackbody are observed at several frequencies quite consistent with the theoretical predictions. Second, the practical challenge of THz EMXT component and system fabrication is met by a THz rapid prototyping technique developed by us. Using this technique, the fabrications of several EMXTs with 3D electromagnetic band gaps in the 100-400 GHz range are demonstrated. Characterization of the samples via THz Time-domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) shows very good agreement with simulation, confirming the build accuracy of this prototyping approach. Third, an all-dielectric THz waveguide is designed, fabricated and characterized. The design is based on hollow-core EMXT waveguide, and the fabrication is implemented with the THz prototyping method. Characterization results of the waveguide power loss factor show good consistency with the simulation, and waveguide propagation loss as low as 0.03 dB/mm at 105 GHz is demonstrated. Several design parameters are also varied and their impacts on the waveguide performance investigated theoretically. Finally, a THz EMXT antenna based on expanding the defect radius of the EMXT waveguide to a horn shape is proposed and studied. The boresight directivity and main beam angular width of the optimized EMXT horn antenna is comparable with a copper horn antenna of the same dimensions at low frequencies, and much better than the copper horn at high frequencies. The EMXT antenna has been successfully fabricated via the same THz prototyping, and we believe this is the first time an EMXT antenna of this architecture is fabricated. Far-field measurement of the EMXT antenna radiation pattern is undergoing. Also, in order to integrate planar THz solid-state devices (especially source and detector) and THz samples under test with the potential THz micro-system fabricate-able by the prototyping approach, an EMXT waveguide-to-microstrip line transition structure is designed. The structure uses tapered solid dielectric waveguides on both ends to transit THz energy from the EMXT waveguide defect onto the microstrip line. Simulation of the transition structure in a back-to-back configuration yields about -15 dB insertion loss mainly due to the dielectric material loss. The coupling and radiation loss of the transition structure is estimated to be -2.115 dB. The fabrication and characterization of the transition system is currently underway. With all the above THz components realized in the future, integrated THz micro-systems manufactured by the same prototyping technique will be achieved, with low cost, high quality, self-sufficiency, and great customizability.
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Boo, Joon-Hong. "Transient analysis of heat pipe radiators for space station applications". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19553.

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Mora, Akhil, i Raghavendra Machipeddi. "Development of Tool in MATLAB for the Durability Prediction of Radiators". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15653.

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Durability is the most important factor in the design of heat-exchangers to meet the specifications of the customers. To predict the durability, endurance tests are carried out. In this thesis, one of the endurance tests, thermal cycling is performed for three different internal coolant flows until failure which is known as Wöhler test. A tool is developed in MATLAB that could import data from all kinds of endurance tests and visualizes time histories of every channel of the test (test parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow). An algorithm is developed for Level Crossing counting method which works based on the Markov cycle counting method. This produces Level crossing curves (LCC) for all the channels of the test which says how well a test has been performed and the total number of cycles of the test. It was observed that the LCCs obtained from the tool gives accurate results when compared with those obtained from LMS software whose approach of producing LCCs is Rainflow cycle counting method. Strain measurements are performed for the same flowrates as that of the Wöhler tests. The results from strain measurements and Wöhler tests are used in the determination of Basquin’s coefficient of the Wöhler curve. It was observed that the optimal value of Basquin’s coefficient is 3.4.
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Gerova, Klementina. "Thermo-fluid effects associated with modelling subscale automotive heat exchangers". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9875.

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Automotive components are tested extensively in wind tunnels by automotive manufacturers and race teams. This is usually achieved using an accurate scale model representation of the component within the wind tunnel. Automotive heat exchangers, however, are comprised of numerous intricate geometries and are therefore impractical to produce at model scale. Instead they are simply modelled as pressure drops, achieved using a thin mesh or honeycomb of known porosity. Most commercial computational fluid dynamics solvers ignore the geometry of the heat exchanger and instead model it as a discontinuity with a known pressure drop and heat transfer. The pressure drop across an automotive heat exchanger, however, was found to vary with both the coolant temperature and the angle of inclination of the heat exchanger. This thesis initially presents a relationship between the pressure drop coefficient and the inclination angle for varying media porosities. Mathematical relationships for inclination angles of 0°, 15°, 30° and 45°. were derived relating this pressure drop coefficient to the porosity of the media. Weighted least squares is proposed over ordinary least squares when obtaining the Forchheimer equation coefficients from experimental measurements. Investigation extends into the thermo-fluid effects on a full scale automotive heat exchanger when inclined at 0 °, 15°, 30° and 45°. It was found, depending on the angle, that there was a difference in the pressure drop of up to 10% between the unheated and heated (100 C) heat exchanger. Based on the proposed mathematical relationship, this correlated to a 4% decrease in porosity in order to accurately model the automotive heat exchanger at subscale. The thesis concludes with experimental and numerical investigation into the heat transfer on a hydrodynamically and thermally developing ow within a radiator channel. Laser doppler anemometry measurements recorded a 1.5% increase in the centreline velocity compared to 0.8% obtained from numerical simulation.
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Myhren, Jonn Are. "Potential of Ventilation Radiators : Performance evaluation by numerical, analytical and experimental means". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Strömnings- och klimatteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-31813.

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Energy consumption for heating and ventilation of buildings is still in 2011considered far too high, but there are many ways to save energy and construct lowenergy buildings that have not been fully utilised. This doctoral thesis has focused onone of these - low temperature heating systems. Particular attention has been given tothe ventilation radiator adapted for exhaust-ventilated buildings because of itspotential as a low energy consuming, easily-operated, environmentally-friendlysystem that might also ensure occupant health and well-being. Investigations were based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations andanalytical calculations, with laboratory experiments used for validation. Main conclusions: Low and very low temperature heating systems, such as floor heating, in general createan indoor climate with low air speeds and low temperature differences in the room, whichis beneficial for thermal comfort. A typical disadvantage, however, was found to beweakness in counteracting cold down-flow from ventilation air supply units in exhaustventilatedbuildings. with ventilation radiators, unlike most other low temperature systems, it was found thatthe risk of cold draught could be reduced while still maintaining a high ventilation rateeven in cold northern European winters. ventilation radiators were found to be more thermally efficient than traditional radiators. design of ventilation radiators could be further modified for improved thermal efficiency. at an outdoor temperature of -15 °C the most efficient models were able to give doublethe heat output of traditional radiators. Also, by substituting the most efficient ventilationradiators for traditional radiators operating at 55 °C supply water temperature, it wasfound that supply water temperature could be reduced to 35 °C while heat outputremained the same and comfort criteria were met. lowering the supply water temperature by 20 °C (as described above) could givecombined energy savings for heating and ventilation of 14-30 % in a system utilising aheat pump. supply water temperatures as low as 35 °C could increase potential for utilising lowtemperature heat sources such as sun-, ground-, water- or waste-heat. This would beparticularly relevant to new-built “green” energy-efficient buildings, but severaladvantages may apply to retrofit applications as well. Successful application of ventilation radiators requires understanding of relevant buildingfactors, and the appropriate number, positioning and size of radiators for best effect.Evaluation studies must be made at the level of the building as a whole, not just for theheating-ventilation system. This work demonstrated that increased use of well-designed ventilation radiatorarrangements can help to meet regulations issued in 2008 by the Swedish Departmentof Housing (Boverket BBR 16) and goals set in the Energy Performance of BuildingsDirective (EPBD) in the same year.
QC 20110328
STEM Projektnummer:30326-1 Energieffektiva lågtemperatursystem i byggnader
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Książki na temat "Radiators"

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Co, Toronto Radiator Manufacturing, i Toronto Radiator Manufacturing Co. [Pocket list of Safford radiators]. [Toronto?: s.n., 1993.

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Company, Dominion Radiator. The DRCo. manual. [Toronto?: Dominion Radiator Co., 1994.

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John, Updike. Radiators: A poem. [Concord, N.H.]: William B. Ewert, 1998.

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Flanner, Karl. Am fliessenden Eisen: Die Geschichte der Radiatorenfabrik in Wiener Neustadt. Wiener Neustadt: Weilburg, 1987.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Moving belt radiator development status. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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White, K. Alan. Liquid droplet radiator development status. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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Muniak, Damian Piotr. Radiators in Hydronic Heating Installations. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55242-2.

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Holland, K. R. A low cost end-fire acoustic radiator. Highfield, Southampton, England: University of Southampton, Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, 1990.

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Center, Lewis Research, red. User's manual for the Heat Pipe Space Radiator Design and Analysis Code (HEPSPARC). [Cleveland, Ohio?]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1991.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Advanced radiator concepts. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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Części książek na temat "Radiators"

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Bauer, Thomas. "Radiators (Emitters)". W Thermophotovoltaics, 17–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19965-3_2.

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Hampshire, Natasha, Glaudia Califano i David Spinks. "Information Radiators". W Mastering Collaboration in a Product Team, 106–7. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8254-0_53.

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Sapritsky, Victor, i Alexander Prokhorov. "Materials for Blackbody Radiators". W Blackbody Radiometry, 311–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57789-6_6.

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Levin, Boris. "Synthesis of Directional Radiators". W Antenna Engineering, 136–56. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367712-6.

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Levin, Boris. "Radiators with Distributed Loads". W Wide-Range and Multi-Frequency Antennas, 3–22. Title: Wide-range and multi-frequency antennas / Boris Levin, Holon Institute of Technology, Lod, Israel. Description: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2018] | “A Science Publishers book.”: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351043243-1.

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Levin, Boris. "Radiators with Concentrated Loads". W Wide-Range and Multi-Frequency Antennas, 23–49. Title: Wide-range and multi-frequency antennas / Boris Levin, Holon Institute of Technology, Lod, Israel. Description: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2018] | “A Science Publishers book.”: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351043243-2.

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Colloms, Martin, i Paul Darlington. "Theoretical Aspects of Diaphragm Radiators". W High Performance Loudspeakers, 21–56. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470094327.ch2.

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Muniak, Damian Piotr. "The Sizing of Surface Radiators". W Radiators in Hydronic Heating Installations, 145–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55242-2_5.

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Gyllensward, Magnus, Anton Gustafsson i Magnus Bang. "Visualizing Energy Consumption of Radiators". W Persuasive Technology, 167–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11755494_24.

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Kumar, Swapnil, K. Sai Kiran i Thundil Karuppa Raj Rajagopal. "CFD Analysis of Automotive Radiators". W Advances in Automotive Technologies, 1–7. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5947-1_1.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Radiators"

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Wang, Y. X., i G. P. Peterson. "Experimental Investigation of Micro Heat Pipe Radiators in Radiation Environment". W ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24325.

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Abstract A flexible micro heat pipe radiator, fabricated by sintering an array of aluminum wires between two thin aluminum sheets, was developed as part of a program to conceptulize, develop, and test lightweight, flexible radiator fin structures for use on long-term spacecraft missions. A detailed experimental investigation was conducted to determine the temperature distribution, maximum heat transport capacity, and radiation efficiency of these micro heat pipe radiators in a radiation environment. Experimental results from three Aluminum-Acetone micro heat pipe radiators with wire diameters of 0.635 mm, 0.813 and 1.016 mm are presented, evaluated and discussed. The results of the experimental program indicted that the maximum heat transport capacity and radiation efficiency, both increased with increasing wire diameter. The maximum heat transport capacity of the micro heat pipe radiator utilizing a wire diameter of 0.635 mm was 15.2 W. The radiators utilizing wire diameters of 0.813 mm and 1.016 mm never reached the maximum heat transport capacities for the given test conditions. In the tests, temperature distributions were recorded for several sink temperatures and indicated that as the sink temperature decreased the radiation efficiency decreased for a given heat input. The maximum heat transport capacity increased with increasing evaporating temperature for the micro heat pipe radiator utilizing a wire diameter of 0.635 mm. Comparison of micro heat pipe radiators with and without working fluid, indicated that significant improvements in temperature uniformity and radiation efficiencies could be obtained, especially at high heat fluxes. A maximum radiation efficiency of 0.95 was observed. In general, while some variation in performance was observed, all three micro heat pipe radiators were found to be capable of meeting the thermal requirements of long-term missions.
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Ma, Tengfei, i Wen Wang. "Effect of Inclined Angle of Radiator on Natural Convective Heat Dissipation Performance". W ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6313.

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Abstract The effects of inclined angle on the heat transfer of radiators under natural convection are analyzed with experiment and numerical simulation, there are three radiators with straight fin, oblique fin and pin fin respectively (based on 150 × 150 × 45mm). The numerical simulation could agree with the experiment. The straight fin radiator could provide the best heat dissipation performance under experimental conditions and normal installation angle. The pin fin radiator has the largest heat transfer coefficient, around 7 W/m2·K. The influence of deflection angle is discussed on the heat dissipation capability of the radiator. The heat dissipation of the pin fin radiator is less sensitive to the gravity direction than the straight fin and oblique fin ones.
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Walgren, Patrick, Othmane Benafan, Lisa Erickson i Darren Hartl. "Towards High Turndown Ratio Shape Memory Alloy-Driven Morphing Radiators". W ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-8091.

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Future manned space missions will require thermal control systems that can adapt to larger fluctuations in temperature and heat flux that exceed the capabilities of current state-of-the-art systems. These missions will demand novel space radiators that can vary the heat rejection rate of the system to maintain the crew cabin at habitable temperatures throughout the entire mission. Current systems can provide a turndown ratio (defined as the ratio of maximum to minimum heat rejection) of 3:1 under adverse conditions. However, future missions are projected to demand thermal control systems that can provide a turndown ratio of more than 6:1. A novel radiator concept, known as the morphing radiator, varies the system heat rejection rate by altering the shape of the radiator that is exposed to space. This shape change is accomplished through the use of shape memory alloys, a class of active materials that exhibit thermomechanically-driven phase transformations and can be used as both sensors and actuators in thermal control applications. In past efforts, prototype morphing radiators have been tested in a relevant thermal environment, demonstrating the feasibility and scalability of the concept. This work summarizes the progress towards testing a high-performance morphing radiator in a relevant thermal environment and details the development of an efficient numerical model that predicts the mechanical response of an arbitrary morphing radiator configuration due to changes in temperature. Model predictions are then validated against previous experimental results, demonstrating the usefulness of the model as a design tool for future morphing radiator prototypes.
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Lilly, Jared, Bethany Hansen, Ryan Lotz, Darren Hartl, Thomas Cognata, Priscilla Nizio i Connor Joyce. "Development and Experimental Demonstration of a Shape Memory Alloy-Based Adaptive Two-Phase Radiator for Space Applications". W ASME 2020 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2020-2361.

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Abstract Future space exploration, such as the Artemis program, journeys to Mars, and future lander missions will require thermal control systems (TCSs) with the ability to adapt to a wide range of thermal loads due to vastly fluctuating external temperatures. Current TCSs employ radiators that can achieve a turndown ratio (defined as the ratio of the maximum to minimum heat rejection rates) of 12:1 by utilizing regenerative heat exchangers and a two-fluid-loop system, both of which are heavy and complex. However, future missions will demand radiators that can provide turndown ratios of 12:1 while remaining light, functionally passive, and simply designed. Previous work has investigated using shape memory alloy (SMA) components in single phase radiator prototypes to achieve efficient heat rejection. Preliminary analysis shows that SMA-based radiators can enable turndown ratios as high as 37:1. In this paper, the design, fabrication, and testing of an SMA torque tube driven radiator prototype is discussed. The SMA torque tube is attached to a heat rejecting panel that resembles flat radiator panels currently installed on the International Space Station. As the temperature of the working fluid in the TCS increases, the SMA torque tube actuates and rotates the panel, allowing for more radiative heat rejection to occur. This new design matures the concept past a previous prototype that merely demonstrated actuation under single-phase (e.g., liquid water) flow. The current radiator prototype has been designed to function not only with closed-loop, single-phase fluid flow, but also in conjunction with a two-phase TCS and even as a heat pipe. Both approaches take advantage of phase transformation of the working fluid to improve overall TCS efficiency and decrease complexity. During testing, a heated two-phase working fluid was circulated through the system, resulting in a maximum angular actuation of 67 degrees, thus demonstrating two-phase operation for the first time. These results give confidence that an SMA torque tube-driven radiator can outperform current radiators as development continues.
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Koch, Michael, Anna Kötteritzsch i Julian Fietkau. "Information radiators". W WI '17: International Conference on Web Intelligence 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3106426.3109039.

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Ott, R. D., A. Zaltash i J. W. Klett. "Utilization of a Graphite Foam Radiator on a Natural Gas Engine-Driven Heat Pump". W ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33348.

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A natural gas engine-driven heat pump was outfitted with a graphite foam radiator to demonstrate its thermal efficiency and compare it with that of a conventional radiator. A sequence of tests was performed with the graphite foam radiator operating in series with the standard aluminum radiator. Most aluminum air-to-water radiators exhibit an overall heat transfer coefficient up to 100 W/(m2·K). Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that a graphite foam radiator can achieve an overall heat transfer coefficient up to an order of magnitude larger. The mesophase pitch derived graphite foam is a material that offers excellent thermal management capability. The foam has an accessible surface area of 4 m2/g and an open cell structure with graphitic ligaments aligned parallel to the cell walls, giving it an overall bulk thermal conductivity of up to 175 W/(m·K). The bulk thermal conductivity of aluminum is 180 W/(m·K). The density of the graphite foam is a fifth of that of aluminum and its thermal diffusivity is three times greater than aluminum. These properties allow the graphite foam to be utilized in radiator, or any other heat exchanger, designs that are more efficient than conventional radiators. A graphite foam radiator designed to reject a given amount of heat will be smaller in size, weigh less, require less cooling air, and be quicker at removing heat than a conventional aluminum radiator.
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Huang, Chonghai, Yelei Zhang, Xiaohu Yang, Hanbing Ke i Qi Xiao. "The Comprehensive Performance Comparison Research Between Two Types of Radiators Applied in Electronic Equipment". W 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-88784.

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Abstract The development direction of miniaturization and low noise of electronic equipment in nuclear power plant puts forward higher requirements for radiators. Two experimental systems were constructed to test the volume, noise and heat transfer performance of air-cooled radiator and micro-pump-driven water-cooled micro-channel radiator that can be applied to electronic equipment of nuclear power plant. The experimental results show that the comprehensive performance of micro-pump-driven water-cooled micro-channel radiator is better than that of the air-cooled radiator. Compared with the air-cooled radiator, the micro-pump-driven water-cooled micro-channel radiator can reduce the temperature rise of heat source by more than 20°C, and the volume is only 38% of the air-cooled radiator. For the micro-channel using in the present study, the flow rate of cooling water is the main factor which affects the heat transfer performance of radiator when the flow rate of cooling water is lower than 2.5L/min. However, when the flow rate of cooling water is more than 2.5L/min, the increase of cooling water flow rate has little impact on heat transfer performance, and the self-structure of the radiator and thermal resistance have become the main factors restricting the improvement of heat transfer performance.
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Chougule, Sandesh S., i S. K. Sahu. "Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Augmentation in Automobile Radiator With CNT/Water Nanofluid". W ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22100.

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The trend toward higher engine power leads to larger radiators in automobile sector and increased frontal areas, resulting increased fuel consumption. Heat transfer of coolant flow through the automobile radiators is of great importance for the optimization of fuel consumption. Compaq cooling system can be manufactured by introducing nanocoolant with in automobile radiator. In this paper, heat transfer of CNT based nanocoolant has experimentally compared to that of pure water in an automobile radiator. Four different concentrations of nanofluids in the range of 0.15–1 vol. % have been prepared by the addition of CNT nanoparticles into the water. The test liquid flows through the radiator consisted of vertical tubes with rectangle cross section and air makes a cross flow inside the tube bank with constant speed. The CNT nanocoolants are synthesized by functionalization CNT (FCNT) and surface treatment (SCNT) method. The effects of type of nanofluid, variation in pH and nanoparticle concentration on the Nusselt number are deeply investigated. Results demonstrate that both nanocoolant show enormous change Nusselt number in comparison with water. The results of functionalized CNT nanocoolant with 5.5 pH show better performance than 6.8 and 9 pH nanocoolant. The surface treated CNT nanocoolant show results deterioration in heat transfer performance. Furthermore, increasing the nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid velocity enhances the Nusselt number.
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Pochanin, G. "Large Current Radiators". W 2006 3rd International Conference on Ultrawideband and Ultrashort Impulse Signals. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/uwbus.2006.307163.

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Awad, Riyad A. Al. "Transformer radiators in offshore installations: Building the case for galvanized radiators". W 2018 IEEE/IAS 54th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icps.2018.8369986.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Radiators"

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Antoniak, Z. I., W. J. Krotiuk, B. J. Webb, J. T. Prater i J. M. Bates. Fabric space radiators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5655242.

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Klett, J. Racing Radiators Utilizing ORNL's Graphic Foam. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/769255.

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Woody, Craig, i Michael Furey. Novel Silica Aerogel Panels as Radiators for Cherenkov Detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1087092.

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Klett, James. Racing Radiators Utilizing ORNL’s Graphite Foam. CRADA Final Report, ORNL-98-0551. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1149262.

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Klein, A. C., H. Al-Baroudi, Z. Gulshan-Ara, W. C. Kiestler, R. D. Snuggerud, S. A. Abdul-Hamid i T. S. Marks. Fabric composite radiators for space nuclear power applications. Final report, March 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/106730.

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Garcia, M. Creating metallic under-dense radiators by electron beam heating prior to laser impact. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/14753.

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Samaddar, S. N. Preliminary Study of Some Antenna Elements Which Have Potential Usefulness as Ultrawideband Radiators. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada302374.

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J.M. Borrego, C.A. Wang, P.S. Dutta, G. rajagopalan, I.B. Bhat, R.J. Gutmann, H. Ehsani, J.F. Beausang, G. Nichols i P.F. Baldasaro. Performance Limits of Low Bandgap Thermophotovoltaic Antimonide-Based Cells for Low Temperature Radiators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820720.

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International Commssion on Illumination, CIE. CIE TN 013:2022 Terms related to Planckian radiation temperature for light sources. International Commssion on Illumination, luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/tn.013.2022.

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There are several terms which describe the Planckian radiation temperature for light sources, including radiance temperature, colour temperature, correlated colour temperature, distribution temperature and ratio temperature. This document provides descriptions of these terms, information on their applicability, and highlights relationships between them so that they may be consistently applied in all applications. Definitions and additional explanatory information for each term are given in this document. Obviously, the greater the difference between the radiation considered and a Planckian radiator, the more tenuous the interpretation of the temperature attribution. Guidelines as to agreed reasonable limits of applicability, if any, are therefore also given, together with information on the calculation of the associated measurement uncertainties where relevant. Keywords: Planckian radiation, Planckian radiatior, Thermodynamic temperature, Planckian radiator temperature, Blackbody temperature, Radiance temperature, Colour temperature, Correlated colour temperature, CCT, Distribution temperature, Ratio temperature
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Keddy, M. D. Experimental and theoretical investigation of operational and survivability issues in thermal radiators for thermionic space nuclear power systems. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10150113.

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