Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Qian Yuan

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Qian Yuan”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 27 lipca 2024

Data aktualizacji: 28 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Qian Yuan"

Liu, Ying. "The Model Research for Optimal Water Allocation of Irrigation Canal System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (grudzień 2012): 2494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2494.

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The present study make a deep analysis of the Chang TAN, Wu Yin, Tongshan Yuan,Wen Rui,Niu Tou mountain , Qian Tang River six large scale irrigation management status and conventional water distribution operation mode. We refer a promising method of optimal water allocation of irrigation canal system based on the former research.

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Cho, Bok Hyeon. "The Marriage of Li Yuan-hao of Xi-xia and Khitan Princess Xing Ping the War between Khitan and Xi-xia". Institute of History and Culture Hankuk University of Foreign Studies 84 (30.11.2022): 187–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.18347/hufshis.2022.84.187.

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Xixia and Khitan maintained friendly relations between the two countries through their marriage to Li Ji Qian and princess Yi Cheng. And secondly, Li Yuan-hao and princess Xing Ping could be married. Although Li Yuan-hao was an outstanding monarch who founded the country, he also had a side to the immoral tyrant.Li Yuan-hao married Khitan princess Xing Ping. But She died of illness seven years after her marriage, and Khitan did not visit her when she died. Later, when Khitan's envoy asked the cause of the princess's death, he gave no answer, which angered the Khitan emperor. Xixia had strong dissatisfaction with Khitan's coercive attitude and financial problems. Khitan was angered by Li Yuan-hao's arrogant attitude, the death of Princess, and the attribution of the Dang Xiang tribe, which eventually led to war. It began in 1044 when Xing-zong of Liao Dynasty advanced in three directions with 176,000 soldiers. In the early days of the war, Khitan prevailed, but as Li Yuan-hao retreated, he gained victory by using tactics to eliminate the horse's prey and fatigue the soldiers. When Li Yuan-hao died in 1049 and Yizong, who was only one year old, ascended to the throne, Xingzong of Liao Dynasty started another war. Although Xixia surrendered and Khitan won, the relationship between the two countries was not as good as it used to be, and Khitan refused when Xixia proposed marriage again. From this point of view, it can be seen that the marriage of Li Yuan-hao and Princess Xing Ping eventually had a negative impact on the relationship between the two countries.

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Chiang, Sing-chen Lydia. "Visions of Happiness: Daoist Utopias and Grotto Paradises in Early and Medieval Chinese Tales". Utopian Studies 20, nr 1 (1.01.2009): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20719931.

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Abstract This study traces the respective evolutions of two separate motifs—Daoist utopia and grotto heavens (dongtian)—in early and medieval Chinese literature, and discusses the significance of their convergence in the influential literary classic “Peach Blossom Spring” ("Taohua yuan ji") by Tao Qian (aka Tao Yuanming, 365—427). The purposes of this article are twofold: first, to enhance our understanding of the ideological and textual connections between “Peach Blossom Spring” and Confucianism and Daoism; second, to offer new insights into the unique characteristics of Chinese utopianism, where political vision and mythical imagination frequently were inter-twined.

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Khan, Eid Muhammad, Muhammad Kamran i Fahad Jaber Alatawi. "A new species and new records of Tetranychidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) from Saudi Arabia, with a key to world species of Mixonychus Ryke and Meyer". Acarologia 59, nr 4 (18.11.2019): 492–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20194349.

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The spider mite genus Neotetranychus Trägårdh is reported for the first time from Saudi Arabia (SA) based on N. longisetus n. sp., collected from Heliotropium arbainense (Boraginaceae). The new species is described and illustrated from the adult female, and three species, Mixonychus (Bakerina) aculus (Chaudhri), Paraplonobia (Anaplonobia) harteni (Meyer) and Sonotetranychus daleae (Tuttle and Baker) (Acari: Tetranychidae) are reported as new to the mite fauna of SA. Mixonychus (B.) aculus (Chaudhri) is re-described and illustrated based on adult female, collected from an exotic mesquite species from Mexico and Caribbean, Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. (Fabaceae). Moreover, the species, Evertella orissaensis (Prasad) n. comb., is moved from the genus Mixonychus Ryke and Meyer to the genus Evertella Meyer and Mixonychus (Bakerina) ganjuis (Qian, Yuan and Ma) n. comb., is moved to the subgenus Bakerina Chaudhri from the subgenus Mixonychus. A key to the world species of the genus Mixonychus is also provided. Additionally, legs chaetotaxy of all known species of the genus Mixonychus is given.

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Ronan, Colin. "Wen-Yuan Qian. The Great Inertia. London: Croom Helm, 1984. Pp. xii + 155. ISBN 0-7099-2104-7. £15.95." British Journal for the History of Science 19, nr 3 (listopad 1986): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400023645.

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Yuan, Yanping, Cheng Qian, Chuanzhi Yangmeng, Li Fang i Ruiqing Yan. "Abstract 5130: Multi-plex cytokine profiling for mice on Bleomycin induced systemic sclerosis model". Cancer Research 83, nr 7_Supplement (4.04.2023): 5130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5130.

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Abstract Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is recognized as an autoimmune disorder characterized by immune dysregulation, obliterative vasculopathy, excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, and fibrosis of the skin and other organs. It also ranks on the highest position of disease-related mortality and morbidity with an impaired quality of life among the rheumatologic illnesses. However, the immunological mechanism related to SSc remains to be elucidated systemically, which may lay for the novel therapeutic methodology. In the present study, we combined the MSD methodology and flow cytometry to landscape the chemokine or cytokine network, immunology response and signaling axis in mice on Blomycin induced SSc model. Our results provide the reference and path for the future direction of novel therapeutic reagents discovery. Citation Format: Yanping Yuan, Cheng Qian, Chuanzhi Yangmeng, Li Fang, Ruiqing Yan. Multi-plex cytokine profiling for mice on Bleomycin induced systemic sclerosis model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5130.

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趙厚均, 趙厚均. "乾嘉閨秀的才名意識與文化轉型：以駱綺蘭為中心". 中正漢學研究 32, nr 32 (grudzień 2018): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/2306036020181200320006.

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經過明末清初的才德之辨，閨秀文學發展到乾嘉時期，進入了一個新的階段。此期的閨秀有著更強的才名意識，她們充分運用文壇領袖所掌握的文化權力，通過拜師等舉措拓展交往空間，從而與著名文人唱和、題贈，躋身文壇，顯揚聲名。駱綺蘭通過結交袁枚、王文治和王昶等，以畫作、詩集遍求題贈，並編選《聽秋軒贈言》和《聽秋軒閨中同人集》，得以聲名鵲起；歸懋儀在乾嘉文人與閨秀之間構築了一個非常龐大的交游網絡，她執著於詩史留名的願望，成功藉助男性文人的資助，令詩稿付梓，並憑藉才名遊走於江浙間擔任閨塾師，承擔起養家的重任；汪端則欲通過選詩修史來達到不朽，其《元明逸史》的撰寫和詩集中大量的詠史詩，可見其修史的努力，編選《明三十家詩選》更見其不凡的識見。吳藻創作雜劇《喬影》，並繪《飲酒讀騷圖》，體現出懷才不遇的苦悶和強烈的性別意識。總體而言，乾嘉閨秀已經不滿足于內闈狹小的空間，做出了跨越閨門的種種努力，是晚清民國閨秀文化近代轉型的先聲。  Following the debates on female talent during the late Ming and early Qing eras, women’s literary production entered a new stage. Women poets who were active during the Qian-Jia reigns had a stronger sense of establishing their literary fame through making use of the cultural power held by the leading poets of their time. They became the female disciples of these leading figures, and expanded their networks by communicating and exchanging poetic works with larger communities of eminent literati. Luo Qilan, in particular, succeeded in achieving fame through her important connections, including Yuan Mei, Wang Wenzhi, and Wang Chang. She broadly solicited inscriptions for her paintings and collections of poetry, and published The Collection of Inscriptions for the Autumn Pavilion and The Anthology of Poetic Works by Friends of the Autumn Pavilion. Gui Maoyi, another well-connected woman poet, built a literary community that included both male and female poets. She obtained help from the male literati to publish her poetry collection, thereby realizing her ambition of establishing an undying literary reputation. At the same time, she turned her poetic talent into a means of providing for her family, travelling all over Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to teach in elite families. Other well-known examples included Wang Duan and Wu Zao. Wang revealed her ambition of authoring history in a broad array of works, including An Informal History of the Yuan and the Ming, Selected Works by Thirty Ming Poets, and numerous poetic works on historical events. Wu was best known for her variety play, A Shadow in Disguise, as well as for her painting, “Drinking Wine and Reading the Sorrow of Departure.” In these works Wu lamented her unfulfilled ambitions and the limitations of gender roles. In general, women poets of this time made all kinds of efforts to venture beyond the inner quarters and can be viewed as the pioneer of the modern transformation of women’s writing culture during the late Qing and early Republican era.

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Cartier, Michel. "Wen-yuan Qian, The Great Inertia : Scientific Stagnation in Traditional China, Londres-Sydney-Dover-New Hampshire, Croom Helm, 1984, XII + 155 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 40, nr 4 (sierpień 1985): 957–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900084432.

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Schimmelpfennig, Michael. "The Quest for a Classic: Wang Yi and the Exegetical Prehistory of his Commentary to the Songs of Chu". Early China 29 (2004): 111–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800007100.

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With the publication of Madman of Chu: A Myth of Loyalty and Dissent in 1980, Laurence Schneider established the view that the controversy over Qu Yuan between various erudites during the Han dynasty was a dispute between adherents and opponents about the question of what the Chu minister and poet stood for. The present study challenges this view by demonstrating that, aside from the so-called biographies by Sima Qian and Liu Xiang, all other contributions to the debate represent readings of the Li sao. Once this is understood, each contribution to the debate can not only be seen in its own light but it can also be examined in its relation to the section and sentence commentary by Wang Yi written in the second century C.E. The understanding of the controversy as a discourse of rather varied interpretations of the Li sao enables us to regard the Chuci zhangju by Wang Yi as a commentary that stood at the end of this controversy that lasted more than three centuries. It also enables us to see that the controversy rested on a particular set of premises, especially the question of the literary status of the Li sao and its author. The final thesis resulting from the present study is that the main reason for the lasting influence of Wang Yi's commentary together with the fact that it remained unchallenged until the twelfth century is that it was built on a sound and varied exegetical foundation, namely the controversy on the Li sao during the Han.The first part of this article examines the contributions to the controversy by Jia Yi (201–165), Liu An (?178–122), Sima Qian (145–?86), Liu Xiang (79–8), Yang Xiong (53 B.C.E-18 C.E.), Liang Song (?–83 C.E.) and Ban Gu (32–92) in chronological order. The second part juxtaposes their works with the commentary of Wang Yi in order to understand how the Eastern Han commentator employed the contributions of his predecessors and how he reacted to them.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Qian Yuan"

Zikpi, Monica. "Translating the Afterlives of Qu Yuan". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18362.

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This dissertation is a history of interpretation and interlinear commentary translation of the "Li Sao," an allegorical poem attributed to the late Warring States (475-221 BCE) poet Qu Yuan. I argue that the significance of the poem is an historically constituted and changing interpretation produced in a sequence of editions, and that insofar as translation is the necessary tool of Sinology, our scholarship and teaching should rest on a translation practice that visibly reflects the particularly Chinese material and reception histories of our texts. I analyze the rhetorical strategies by which specific interpreters, including Sima Qian, Wang Yi, Hong Xingzu, Zhu Xi, and Guo Moruo, "translate" the "Li Sao" through history, constructing personas of Qu Yuan that speak to the politics of their own respective eras. The last chapter is a new translation of the "Li Sao" based on my investigation of the poem's history. It contains multiple English renderings and diverse selections of historical commentary, presented in interlinear form, in order to facilitate historically critical understanding of the "Li Sao" and demonstrate the breadth of interpretation that it is possible to derive from the text. The translation offers not a single interpretation of the poem but rather an image of the historical dialogue that has produced and disputed it in interpretations from the Han dynasty to the present.

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Lui, Chuen-yuen. "Pi Yuan and the historiography of the Chien-lung and Chia-ch'ing period Bi Yuan yu Qian Jia shi xue /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31949150.

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Hu, Xingdong. "Sheng cun fan shi li xing yu chuan tong : Yuan Ming Qing shi qi nan fang min zu fa lü bian qian yan jiu /". Beijing : Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68159992.html.

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Lau, Tan-king. "A preliminary analysis of the use of vocabulary in Chinese writings by Hong Kong primary 3 students Qian xi Xianggang xiao san xue sheng Zhong wen xie zuo de ci hui yun yong /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42926051.

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Chen, Wan-Ting, i 陳婉婷. "Ｔhe research into the ideal of promoting trade in the historical novel 《Qiao Jia Da Yuan》by the confucian merchant Qian Joe Yong". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89548789688028131251.

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碩士
銘傳大學
應用中國文學系碩士在職專班
102
《Qiao Jia Da Yuan》is not only the prime time and high rating TV series, but also a best selling merchant historical novel which mixed realities and fantasies. It presents the culture and the commercial spirit of honest Merchants in the Tsin dynasty. From the framework of historical background, I choose Qian Joe Yong''s life story to represent the epitome of Shanxi merchants. Qian Joe Yong was not born at the right time, how he used his wisdom and the Confucian philosophy to engage in business activities, and finally let the "The goods go through the world, the drafts go through the world" ambition to come true has become the subject which allow us to explore. Although Tsin Merchants made a breakthrough in the idea of the traditional culture "emphasizing agriculture and restraining industry", they still had a profound restraint and influence by the Confucian ethics thoughts "benevolence, righteousness, manners, wisdom, credit”. The Tsin Merchants stipulated the regulations of keeping faith in their firm’s rules , one of the main reasons why Shanxi Draft enjoyed fame in the modern Chinese history is that it has an outstanding reputation of keeping faith. The Tsin Merchants believed that trade could not be ran only in one groove, in order to be innovative you need to think beyond the thinking and from the inside out. This research focuses on the historical and cultural background of the late Qing Dynasty, the business system network and how did the system work. So that to highlight Qian Joe Yong represented Tsin Merchants which exhibited the Confucian personality, broke through the old system, didn’t forget their ideal of powering nation and enriching people and finally set up the typical Confucian merchant example in the modern Chinese commercial history.

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Qian, Yuan [Verfasser]. "Sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) to inorganic surfaces in aqueous solutions / vorgelegt von Yuan Qian". 2010. http://d-nb.info/1013135342/34.

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"The Frustrations of Heaven's Fragrance: An Analysis and Translation of Guan Hanqing's Qian Dayin zhichong Xie Tianxiang". Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.9109.

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abstract: This thesis examines the play Qian Dayin zhichong Xie Tianxiang, written by the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368) playwright Guan Hanqing (c.1225-1302). The first chapter of this paper provides brief background information about northern style Yuan drama (zaju) as well as a plot summary and notes about the analysis and translation. Through a close reading of the play, I hope to illustrate how the play's complicated ending and lack of complete resolution reveals why it has received relatively little attention from scholars who have previously discussed other strong, intelligent female characters in Guan Hanqing's plays. The second chapter of this thesis includes translation of the play that is comprised of a wedge preceding the four acts. Before each act of the play is a critical introduction and analysis of the act to follow. Although many of Guan Hanqing's plays have been translated into English, this play has never been translated.
Dissertation/Thesis
M.A. Asian Languages and Civilizations 2011

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Lin, WeiWen, i 林威妏. "A Bibliographical Study on the Taoistic Scripture " Yun ji qi qian "". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36290415516421531262.

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Yang, Su-Tso, i 楊仕哲. "On the Disease History of Xiao Ke (Diabetes) in the Pre-Qin to Jin Yuan Period". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80477427622603001575.

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"Xi'an shi bian qian hou he kang zhan chu qi Shanxi guo tong qu qing nian yun dong". Xi'an : Shanxi ren min chu ban she, 1989. http://books.google.com/books?id=tqg3AAAAMAAJ.

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Książki na temat "Qian Yuan"

Xu, Yixiong. Qian shi yuan. Xianggang: You he zhi zuo shi wu suo you xian gong si, 1989.

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Yao, Baifang. Qian nian hua yuan. Taibei Shi: Er ya chu ban she you xian gong si, 2014.

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Zi, Xin. Qian li yin yuan. Taiwan: Geng Lin, 2002.

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Gao, Rongsheng. Yuan shi qian shi. Nanjing: Feng huang chu ban she, 2010.

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Hongchenxianyun. Su yuan: Huan shi shi qian zhi qian. Beijing: Dong fang chu ban she, 2012.

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man, Qing ge. Ai zai gong yuan qian. Bei jing: Xian dai chu ban she, 2005.

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1911-, Yang Jiang, red. Wo men de Qian Yuan. Beijing Shi: Sheng huo, du shu, xin zhi san lian shu dian, 2005.

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Yu, Chen. Zhi yuan ai qing qian. Taiwan: Nu Sheng, 2002.

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Zhengmao, Ni, red. Zhonghua fa yuan si qian nian. Beijing: Qun chong chu ban she, 1987.

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Zhong gong Henan Sheng wei. Dang shi gong zuo wei yuan hui. Zhong yuan tu wei qian hou. [Zheng zhou shi]: Henan ren min chu ban she, 1988.

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Części książek na temat "Qian Yuan"

Yong, Heming, i Jing Peng. "Chinese Government Establishments And Chinese Bilingual Dictionary Compilation". W Chinese Lexicography, 391–98. Oxford University PressOxford, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199539826.003.0024.

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Abstract The practice of establishing foreign affairs organizations in China started in the pre-Qin Dynasty, when the concepts of ‘differentiating the Chinese from the alien’ and ‘using the Chinese to reform the alien’ were being formulated. After the unification of the small kingdoms into a giant Chinese empire in the Qin Dynasty, special establishments were set up to receive foreign visitors and take charge of foreign affairs, and this tradition continued from the Han Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty. To maintain the relations and promote communication with foreign countries, the Ming Dynasty government founded the Foreign Affairs Establishment affiliated to the Hanlin Academy (翰林院), which was in 1644 transformed into the Foreign Studies School (四译馆).

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"16 Yuan-chun’s Promotion at Court; Dai-yu’s Return and Qin Zhong’s Death". W A Companion to The Story of the Stone, 33–34. Columbia University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/alpe20002-019.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Functional Group Oxidation and Reduction". W Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0007.

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Christophe Darcel and Jean- Baptiste Sortais of the CNRS-Université Rennes 1 reduced (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 10010) an acid 1 to the aldehyde 2 with a Mn catalyst under photostimulation. The same authors also used (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 8045) an Fe catalyst to reduce an ester (not illustrated) to the corresponding aldehyde. Yasushi Tsuji of Kyoto University employed (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2013, 355, 3420) a Pd catalyst to reduce acid to the aldehydes. Chao-Jun Li of McGill University found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 11871) that a Ag catalyst in water would reduce an aldehyde 3 to the alcohol 4. Ketones were not reduced under these conditions. David Milstein of the Weizmann Institute of Science devised (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 14131) an Fe catalyst for the E-selective reduction of an alkyne 5 to the alkene 6. Debabrata Maiti of IIT Bombay effected (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 8362) reductive cleavage of a nitrile 7 to the alkane 8. Aryl nitriles were also reduced. Professor Li used (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2013, 6496) an Ir catalyst and hydrazine under H-transfer conditions to reduce an alcohol 9 to the hydrocarbon 10. Kenneth M. Nicholas of the University of Oklahoma reduced (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 8199) the diol 11 to the alkene 12 with a V catalyst. Qiang Liu of Lanzhou University and Li- Zhu Wu of the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry showed (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2013, 7528) that irradiation in the presence of a photoredox catalyst and a Hantzsch ester removed the sulfonyl group of 13. Selective oxidation is a powerful tool for organic synthesis. Eike B. Bauer of the University of Missouri St. Louis oxidized (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 5889) the diol 15 to the ketone 16 with an Fe catalyst and 30% hydrogen peroxide. Yan- qin Yuan of Lishui University and Jiannan Xiang of Hunan University selectively (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4654) thiolated the ether 17 to 18, that has the aldehyde oxidation state. Chengjian Zhu of Nanjing University converted (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2013, 355, 3558) the aldehyde 19 to the thioester 20 by oxidation in the presence of diphenyl disulfide.

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"117 Bao-yu Reaches an Agreement with the Monk; Jia Lian Leaves Jia Qiang and Jia Yun in Charge". W A Companion to The Story of the Stone, 249–50. Columbia University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/alpe20002-120.

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"Sad Memories (Zhì-dé èr-zǎi Fǔzì Jīng Jīn-guāng-mén chῡ, jiàn-dào guī Fèng-xiáng. Qián-yuán chῡ cóng zuǒ-shí-yí yí Huá-zhōu yuán Yǔ qīn-gù bié, yīn chῡ cǐ mén. Yǒu bēi wǎng-shì.)". W A Little Primer of Tu Fu, 68–73. The Chinese University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1pb6236.12.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Qian Yuan"

"Hua Zhang Zheng Yuan Qiao-yan Wen". W 2007 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing Workshops (NPC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/npc.2007.78.

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Zhou, Yisu, Zhongwei Huang, Zhuangzhuang Zhang, Tianwen Jiang i Minghe Zhang. "Experimental Study and CFD Modeling of Flow Characteristics in an Annulus with a Tubing Collar". W 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0123.

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Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT: An experimental investigation based on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technology is used to measure the annular flow with a tubing collar in a casing pipe. The main purpose of this paper is to study variable cross-section annular flow characteristics with different Reynolds numbers through the visualization experiment. Streamlines distribution, velocity distribution, the vortex identification by the Q-criterion and TKE are displayed. The Reynolds number influence on the flow characteristics is discussed. A CFD modeling is established to verify the accuracy of the experiment. The results show the BFS flow is easier to generate the recirculation zones than the FFS flow at a certain freestream condition, especially at a higher Reynolds number in the VCSA flow. The presence of the VCS structure has an acceleration effect on the mean velocity at y/h>1.0 and an inhibition effect at y/h<1.0 near the step. The mean velocity variation of the VCSA flow is asymmetric, therefore pressure losses caused by BFS and FFS are different. Rotation structures identified by Q-criterion mainly exist at the entrance of NA flow and BFS flow in this study. 1. INTRODUCTION Improper prediction and control of annular pressure losses pose significant challenges (Dokhani et al., 2020; Qin et al., 2021) in drilling, completion, fracturing, acidizing, workover and production in the petroleum industry (Jeong and Shah., 2004; Birchenko et al., 2010) with the development of deep wells and ultra-deep wells. It becomes more vital and sophisticated with the increase of well depth, not only by the effects of fluid properties, rotation and eccentricity but also by the increasing number of tubing collars and tool joints. The presence of a tubing collar or a tool joint changes the annulus geometry which leads to tapered (gradual) and squared (sudden) contraction and expansion clearance resulting in strong turbulence and fluid acceleration that generates additional pressure losses (Enfis et al., 2011). The tubing collars or tool joints effect in annular flow can be regarded as the flow past wall-mounted finite cylinders. Many engineering configurations, such as heat-exchangers, several building structures and electronic cooling systems of environment (Sachidananda and Arun, 2021; Woyciekoski et al., 2020; Ma et al., 2020; Yuan et al., 2020) can be also modeled as finite-length cylinders. Therefore, this particular flow configuration has received a lot of attention in recent years due to its importance in engineering applications and fundamental research.

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