Artykuły w czasopismach: „PVP Ultrafiltration membrane”

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Bai, Yang, Zhen Liu, and Dao Bao Sun. "Preparation and Performance of Polysulfone Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.309.

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Polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were successfully prepared by dry-wet spinning technology. Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) was used as a solvent, water was used as bore liquid and coagulation bath, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as polymeric additive. The effects of spinning conditions on membrane structures and properties were investigated in present study. The results indicated that with the increase of PVP concentration, pure water flux increased and developed finger-like pores were formed. High coagulation bath temperature restricted pure water flux, 30°C was the best for the preparation of high-performance ultrafiltration membranes. When the air length was 11cm, the membrane comprehensive performance was the best.

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Liu, Xiao Mian, Zong Hua Wang, Bing Yu, Hai Lin Cong, Xiu Ling Gao, and Xin Yu Guo. "PMMA Modified PVDF Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 465 (February 2012): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.465.229.

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Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by wet spinning method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as pore-foaming agent and mixture of dimethyl formamide (DMF)/methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as solvent. The effects of PVDF, PMMA, PVP, and solvent ratios in the spinning solution on the permeation properties of the formed membranes were studied. The results showed that the performance of the membrane is the best with a pure water flux of 117 L/m2•h and rejection rate of 82% to bovine serum albumin (BSA), when the concentrations of PVDF, PMMA, PVP, DMF and MEK are 17, 3, 3, 60 and 17 wt%, respectively.

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Febriasari, Arifina, Huriya, Annisa Hasna Ananto, Meri Suhartini, and Sutrasno Kartohardjono. "Polysulfone–Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Blend Polymer Composite Membranes for Batik Industrial Wastewater Treatment." Membranes 11, no. 1 (2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010066.

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Batik wastewater, in general, is colored and has high concentrations of BOD (biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and dissolved and suspended solids. Polysulfone (PSf)-based membranes with the addition of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were prepared to treat batik industrial wastewater. PSf/PVP membranes were prepared using the phase inversion method with N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent. Based on the membrane characterization through FESEM, water contact angle, porosity, and mechanical tests showed a phenomenon where the addition of PVP provided thermodynamic and kinetic effects on membrane formation, thereby affecting porosity, thickness, and hydrophilicity of the membranes. The study aims to observe the effect of adding PVP on polysulfone membrane permeability and antifouling performance on a laboratory scale through the ultrafiltration (UF) process. With the addition of PVP, the operational pressure of the polysulfone membrane was reduced compared to that without PVP. Based on the membrane filtration results, the highest removal efficiencies of COD, TDS (total dissolved solid), and conductivity achieved in the study were 80.4, 84.6, and 83.6%, respectively, on the PSf/PVP 0.35 membrane operated at 4 bar. Moreover, the highest color removal efficiency was 85.73% on the PSf/PVP 0.25 operated at 5 bar. The antifouling performance was identified by calculating the value of total, reversible, and irreversible membrane fouling, wherein in this study, the membrane with the best antifouling performance was PSf/PVP 0.25.

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Chen, Yuliang, Libo Ba, Yini He, and Xuesong Yi. "Removal Efficiency of Sulfapyridine from Contaminated Surface Water by Carboxylated Graphene Oxide Blended PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane with Activated Carbon." Polymers 14, no. 21 (2022): 4779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214779.

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In this study, sulfapyridine (SPY), an antibiotic that is less commonly treated by membrane filtration techniques but is frequently detected in the aqueous environment and at higher concentrations than other detected antibiotics, was selected for investigation. A composite ultrafiltration membrane for the removal of sulfapyridine (SPY) antibiotics from water was fabricated using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxyl-functionalized graphene oxide (CFGO) as additives. The changes in retention rate and pure water flux of sulfapyridine by the composite ultrafiltration membrane were investigated by changing the ratios of the prepared ultrafiltration membrane materials under the conditions of low-pressure operation to explore the optimal experimental conditions. The results showed that the addition of PVP and CFGO significantly increased the number of membrane pores and their pore size. The addition of CFGO in the membrane significantly improved the hydrophilicity of the membrane. The contact angle decreased from 83.7 to 31.6°. Compared to ordinary PVDF ultrafiltration membranes, the membrane’s pure water flux increased nearly three times to 2612.95 L/(m2·h). The removal rate of SPY was 56.26% under the optimal conditions. When the composite ultrafiltration membrane was combined with activated carbon, the removal rate of SPY was 92.67%, which was nine times higher than that of activated carbon alone. At this time, the flux of the composite membrane was 2610.23 L/(m2·h). This study proposes a simple, efficient, and low production cost solution for the removal of sulfapyridine from water.

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Zhang, Shan, and Zhen Liu. "Preparation and Characterizations of Polysulfone Flat Ultrafiltration Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.169.

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The Polysulfone Flat ultrafiltration membranes were prepared with dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent and polyvinypyrrolidone (PVP) as pore forming additive. Performance of PSF membrane such as pure water flux, albumin egg rejection were investigated. In addition, the same investigations were conducted with different coagulation bath temperature and evaporation time. The results show that there were a maximum of pure water flux and a minimum of the retention of Albumin when PVP content reach 14%.

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Mutlu Salmanli, Öykü, Sevgi Güneş Durak, Güler Türkoğlu Demirkol, and Neşe Tüfekci. "Effect of PVP concentration on prepared PEI membranes for potential use on water treatment: effect of additive on membranes prepared for water treatment." Water Supply 19, no. 7 (2019): 2072–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.084.

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Abstract In this work, a series of polyetherimide (PEI) flat sheet membranes were produced with different concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) addition via the phase inversion method. The effects of additions on membrane morphology and performance were investigated. Synthesized membrane had the properties of ultrafiltration membrane. Although PEI is not widely used for water treatment, in this study, the ferrous iron removal rate was investigated and good results were obtained. Through the membrane production experiments, the PEI content was 22 wt%. PVP was added as a pore-forming agent with concentrations of 2, 4 and 8 wt%. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used as solvent. Distilled water was used for the coagulation bath. After production, all membranes were characterized by using contact angle, permeability, porosity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) analyses. With the increasing doses of PVP addition, the permeability of the PEI membranes produced in this study increased, while porosity results were changeable. The permeability was 23 L/m2h bar for the membrane with 2 wt% PVP content, while the permeability for the membrane with 8 wt% PVP content was 32 L/m2h bar. Contact angles increased with PVP addition to PEI membranes. With the increasing PVP concentration, the finger-like pores and the pores located in the sub-layer expanded.

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Güneş-Durak, Sevgi, Türkan Ormancı-Acar, and Neşe Tüfekci. "Effect of PVP content and polymer concentration on polyetherimide (PEI) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based ultrafiltration membrane fabrication and characterization." Water Science and Technology 2017, no. 2 (2018): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.142.

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Abstract In this study, four different membranes were fabricated by using polyetherimide and polyacrylonitrile polymers, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via phase inversion method to improve the membrane performance in fruit juice wastewater (FJWW) treatment. The addition of PVP to the casting solution increased membrane hydrophilicity, water content, contact angle, porosity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy peaks, membrane thickness, average roughness and viscosity of cast solutions compared to the bare membrane. It can be said that the addition of a lower polymer concentration and PVP intensively increases the pure water flux of the membrane. However, as the flux increased, a small decrease in FJWW rejection was observed.

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Pasaoglu, Mehmet Emin, Serkan Guclu, and Ismail Koyuncu. "Polyethersulfone/polyacrylonitrile blended ultrafiltration membranes: preparation, morphology and filtration properties." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 3 (2016): 738–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.252.

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Polyethersulfone (PES)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes have been paid attention among membrane research subjects. However, very few studies are included in the literature. In our study, asymmetric ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared from blends of PES/PAN with phase inversion method using water as coagulation bath. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with Mw of 10,000 Da was used as pore former agent. N,N-dimethylformamide was used as solvent. The effects of different percentage of PVP and PES/PAN composition on morphology and water filtration properties were investigated. Membrane performances were examined using pure water and lake water filtration studies. Performances of pure water were less with the addition of PAN into the PES polymer casting solutions. However, long-term water filtration tests showed that PES/PAN blend membranes anti-fouling properties were much higher than the neat PES membranes. The contact angles of PES/PAN membranes were lower than neat PES membranes because of PAN addition in PES polymer casting solutions. Furthermore, it was found that PES/PAN blend UF membranes' dynamic mechanical analysis properties in terms of Young's modules were less than neat PES membrane because of decreasing amount of PES polymer.

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Gryta, Marek, and Piotr Woźniak. "The Resistance of Polyethersulfone Membranes on the Alkaline Cleaning Solutions." Membranes 14, no. 2 (2024): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes14020027.

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Polyethersulfone (PES) is a polymer popularly used to produce ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. PES is relatively hydrophobic; thus, hydrophilic ingredients are added to the membrane matrix to reduce the fouling intensity. Ingredients such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) reduce the resistance of PES to NaOH solutions. This study investigated the possibility of using PES membranes for the separation of alkaline cleaning solutions. For this purpose, self-made PES membranes and commercial ultrafiltration PES membranes (UE10—10 kDa and UE50—100 kDa) containing PVP additive were used. The membranes were soaked for 18 months in alkaline (pH = 11.3–11.5) solutions of car washing fluids. It has been found that long-term contact with these solutions caused changes in the structure of the surface layer, especially of membranes containing PVP. As a result, the separation of dextran (100–200 kDa) decreased by 30–40% for PES membranes, 30–40% for UE10 and 40–60% for UE50. Despite these changes, the separation efficiency (rejection of COD, NTU and anionic surfactants) of synthetic car wash wastewater (mixture of surfactants and hydrowax) was similar to the results obtained for pristine membranes.

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Kartohardjono, Sutrasno, Ghofira Muna Khansa Salsabila, Azzahra Ramadhani, Irfan Purnawan, and Woei Jye Lau. "Preparation of PVDF-PVP Composite Membranes for Oily Wastewater Treatment." Membranes 13, no. 6 (2023): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13060611.

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The oil and gas industry and related applications generate large quantities of oily wastewater, which can adversely affect the environment and human health if not properly handled. This study aims to prepare polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes incorporated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) additives and utilize them to treat oily wastewater through the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Flat sheet membranes were prepared using PVDF dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide, followed by the addition of PVP ranging from 0.5 to 35 g. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mechanical strength tests were performed on the flat PVDF/PVP membranes to understand and compare the changes in the physical and chemical properties of the membranes. Prior to the UF process, oily wastewater was treated by a coagulation–flocculation process through a jar tester using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant. Based on the characterization of the membrane, the addition of PVP improves the physical and chemical properties of the membrane. The membrane’s pore size becomes larger, which can increase its permeability and flux. In general, the addition of PVP to the PVDF membrane can increase the porosity and decrease the water contact angle, thereby increasing the membrane’s hydrophilicity. With respect to filtration performance, the wastewater flux of the resultant membrane increases with increasing PVP content, but the rejections for TSS, turbidity, TDS, and COD are reduced.

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Gao, Qiong Zhi, Hong Qiang Li, and Xing Rong Zeng. "Novel Nanoparticles Incorporated Polyvinylidene Fluoride Ultrafiltration Membrane." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.390.

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In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by a phase inversion method, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) was used as solvent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as dispersant, nanoTiO2 and AgNO3 were used as addictive materials. With different doping content of nanoTiO2 and silver ions, those hybrid films have different functions and structure. The basic performance and photocatalytic properties of those ultrafiltration membranes were studied in detail. The experiment results show that adding nanosized TiO2 particles will make the porosity of PVDF membrane increase, adding silver ion with low content can not improve water flux and porosity of membranes, however, nanoTiO2 and silver ions doping together can effectively improve the photocatalytic degradation rate.

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Ali, Asmadi, Rosli Mohd Yunus, Mohamad Awang, and Ramli Mat. "The Effects of Evaporation Time on Morphological Structure of Polysulfone/Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PSf/CAP/PVP) Blend Membranes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.77.

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Evaporation time is one of the important membrane fabrication parameter that can be manipulated in order to produce the desired membrane morphology in ultrafiltration (UF) separation process. The morphology of UF membrane has a significant effect on structural properties and performance of UF membrane. In this study, flat sheet asymmetric polysulfone/cellulose acetate phthalate/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PSf/CAP/PVP) blend membranes were prepared at different evaporation time in the range of 0 to 20 s to investigate its effect on the morphological structures of the blend membranes. The morphological structure of these blend membranes were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results showed that in the absence of evaporation time, the morphology of blend membrane consits of open finger-like structure and microvoids. Introduction of evaporation time period between 5 to 10 s, produced spongy blend membranes with less finger-like structure. Further increment of evaporation time between 15 to 20s, formed incomplete dense structure with small microvoids PSf/CAP/PVP blend membranes.

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Purnawan, Irfan, Derryadi Angputra, Septiana Crista Debora, Eva Fathul Karamah, Arifina Febriasari, and Sutrasno Kartohardjono. "Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with a Polyvinylpyrrolidone Additive for Tofu Industrial Wastewater Treatment in Combination with the Coagulation–Flocculation Process." Membranes 11, no. 12 (2021): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120948.

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Wastewater from the tofu industry contains many pollutants that are very harmful to the environment, significantly endangering aquatic life and producing a pungent odor. This study aims to prepare a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with the additive polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and utilize it to treat tofu wastewater in the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Flat sheet membranes were prepared using PVDF that was dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and then combined with the additive material of PVP at the varying compositions of 14.9/0.1, 14.85/0.15, and 14.8/0.2 g of PVDF/gram of PVP. The addition of PVP was proposed to improve the properties of the membranes. Characterization by scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed on the PVDF/PVP membrane flat sheet in order to understand and compare changes in the physical and chemical properties that occurred in the membrane. Prior to the UF process, the tofu wastewater was treated by a coagulation–flocculation process through a jar tester using poly aluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant. Based on the membrane characterization, the addition of PVP improved the physical and chemical properties of membranes. The pore size of the membrane becomes larger, which could increase permeability as well as the flux value. The TSS and turbidity of the water produced in the UF process decreased with an increase in feed pressure due to a greater driving force generated to facilitate the penetration of the suspended solids. The UF results showed that the effect of PVP on water flux was greatest for the 14.85/0.15 PVDF/PVP membrane for both pure and wastewater. In addition, the highest percentage of rejection for TSS and turbidity were observed in the 14.9/0.1 PVDF/PVP membrane and rejection for TDS was indicated in the 14.8/0.2 PVDF/PVP membrane. Meanwhile, the resulting pH decreased slightly across all samples as feed pressure increased.

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Zhao, Huyang, Ting He, Shuang Yao, et al. "Improved Protein Removal Performance of PES Hollow-Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane with Sponge-like Structure." Polymers 16, no. 9 (2024): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091194.

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The research used polyethersulfone (PES) as a membrane material, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) k30 and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) as water-soluble additives, and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as a solvent to prepare hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membranes through a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) process. The hydrophilic nature of PVP-k30 and PEG caused them to accumulate on the membrane surface during phase separation. The morphology, chemical composition, surface charge, and pore size of the PES membranes were evaluated by SEM, FTIR, zeta potential, and dextran filtration experiments. The paper also investigated how different spinning solution compositions affected membrane morphology and performance. The separation efficiency of membranes with four different morphologies was tested in single-protein and double-protein mixed solutions. The protein separation effectiveness of the membrane was studied through molecular weight cutoff, zeta potential, and static protein adsorption tests. In addition, the operating pressure and pH value were adjusted to improve ultrafiltration process conditions. The PES membrane with an intact sponge-like structure showed the highest separation factor of 11, making it a prime candidate membrane for the separation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYS). The membrane had a minimal static protein adsorption capacity of 48 mg/cm2 and had excellent anti-fouling properties. When pH = 4, the BSA retention rate was 93% and the LYS retention rate was 23%. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent stability over a pH range of 1–13, confirming its suitability for protein separation applications.

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Meng, Xiao Rong, Liang Zhao, Lei Wang, and Dan Xi Huang. "Anti-Pollution Behavior Analysis of PVDF UF Membrane Added Different Addition to Filter the Secondary Treated Water of Urban Sewage." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1076.

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In this study, the poly(vinylidene ﬂuoride) (PVDF) Flat ultrafiltration membrane was prepared the gel phase inversion method using different polymer(PEG,PMMA,PVA,PVP) as addition. The flux attenuation and resistance of membrane used for treating the secondary treated water of Urban sewage were studied by ultraﬁltration (UF) experiments. The influence of addition to the morphology structure and anti-fouling performance of PVDF UF membrane was analyzed.Result show that using PVA and PVP as addition, the PVDF membranes had through macropore structure in cross-section and the appearance of larger macrovoids in the porous substructure,with the lower contact angle, high efficiency producing water percentage, good washing recovery rate. Meanwhile, adding PEG and PMMA in membrane,which was easy to form irreversible plugging hole pollution owing to distribute some teardrop deadend hole.

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Mansur, Sumarni, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, et al. "Study on the effect of spinning conditions on the performance of PSf/PVP ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 14, no. 3 (2018): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v14n3.1215.

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Asymmetric, porous ultrafiltration polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated via the dry-wet phase inversion spinning technique specifically for haemodialysis membrane. The objective was to discover the suitable spinning condition for the fabrication of ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane with desired sponge-like structure. During haemodialysis procedure, uremic toxins such as urea and creatinine range from size 10,000-55,000 Da needs to be excreted out from the blood. While, proteins such as albumin (66,000 Da) need to be retained. The physical structure or morphology of a fabricated membrane is a major concern in determining the efficiency of a dialysis membrane. Different type of membrane morphology will give a different result in term of its permeability and clearance efficiency. The phase inversion spinning technique is suitable in producing ultrafiltation (UF) membrane where the average pore size of the fabricated membrane is in the range of 0.001 – 0.1 µm. However, there is many factors need to be controlled and manipulated in the phase inversion technique. In this study, the effect of the PVP on membrane pore size and performances were analysed. The contact angle measurement was measured to determine the hydrophilicity of the fibers. The hydrophilic polymer is favorable to avoid fouling and increase its biocompatibility. Furthermore, the diameter of the hollow fibers was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of different morphology of the hollow fibers on the performance of the membranes were evaluated by pure water flux and BSA rejection. Both techniques were tested using permeation flux system. Based on the results obtained, it is found that the finger-like macrovoids in PSf hollow fiber membranes were suppressed by adding 8% PVP (Mw of 360 kDa) into the spinning dope solution as the result of a drastic increase in dope viscosity. On top of that, fiber spun with 8% PVP show more porous structure which contribute to higher permeability of the membrane. The result of this study can benefit to the membrane field of research especially in membrane technology for haemodialysis application.

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van den Berg, Thorsten, and Mathias Ulbricht. "Polymer Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membranes: The Influence of Polymeric Additive, Dispersion Quality and Particle Modification on the Integration of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles into Polyvinylidene Difluoride Membranes." Membranes 10, no. 9 (2020): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10090197.

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This study aims to improve the understanding of the influence of metal oxide nanofillers on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were chosen as the model filler material. The membranes were prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation from PVDF solutions in N-methylpyrrolidone. The influences of the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the nanoparticle dispersion quality, and a surface modification of the ZnO particles with PVP on the nanofiller integration into the polymer matrix and the resulting membrane separation performance, were evaluated. Unmodified and PVP-modified nanoparticles were characterized by evaluation of their Hansen solubility parameters. The membranes were characterized by ultrafiltration experiments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and with respect to mechanical properties, while the dope solutions were analyzed by rheology in order to judge about dispersion quality. Pure water permeability and solute rejection data revealed that the dominant effect of the addition of pristine ZnO nanoparticles was a major decrease in permeability caused by pore blocking. In SEM analyses, it was seen that the plain nanofiller did not integrate well into the polymer matrix. Importantly, it was found that the surface modification of the nanofiller, as well as a high dispersion quality, can be strategically used to enhance the integration of the nanofiller and thus suppress pore blocking, leading to membranes with high ultrafiltration rejection and permeability simultaneously. Overall, the study provides relevant insights into a new approach to integrating nanofillers into polymer nanocomposite membranes for improving their properties and performance.

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Suhaida Rasman, Siti Nor, Mohd Riduan Jamalludin, Suraya Najieha Kamarudin, Siti Khadijah Hubadillah, Mohammad Arif Budiman Pauzan, and Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman. "Performance study of hydroxyapatite cow bone based polysulfone mixed matrix membrane: Effect of hydroxyapatite morphology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2051, no. 1 (2021): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2051/1/012027.

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Abstract In this work, polysulfone (PSf)/hydroxyapatite (HAp) ultrafiltration mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared for wastewater treatment by using phase inversion method. The effect of hydroxyapatite (HAp) dispersion on the PSf/PVP membrane surface were investigated. Characterizations were done to observe the distribution of HAp on the membrane surface by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD analysis showed the crystallinity of the HAp derived from cow bone. The dispersion of HAp in polymer matrix is a promising materials that can change the structure of the PSf membrane.

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Dang, Jingchuan, Yatao Zhang, Zhan Du, Haoqin Zhang, and Jindun Liu. "Antibacterial properties of PES/CuCl2 three-bore hollow fiber UF membrane." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 4 (2012): 799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.238.

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In this study, a three-bore polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with antibacterial properties was prepared by phase inversion, using PES as the membrane material, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as solvent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and CuCl2 as additives. The effect of CuCl2 content on the water flux and rejection was studied and the antibacterial properties of PES hollow fiber UF membrane were also investigated. The water flux results indicated that the hydrophilic properties of PES UF membranes were improved after adding CuCl2. The rejection of PVA-50000 was expected to drop slightly but remain high above 96%. The membranes showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) after adding CuCl2 and the antibacterial rate of PES/CuCl2 UF membranes was close to 100% after running for 48 h. PES hollow fiber UF membranes with antibacterial properties were prepared through the formation of the water-soluble PVP/Cu2+ complex with spatial network structure, which have good antibacterial and hydrophilic properties. Therefore, this study could provide an effective method for membrane antifouling.

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Wae AbdulKadir, Wan Aisyah Fadilah, Khairul Faezah Md. Yunos, Abdul Rahman Hassan, Nor Amaiza Mohd Amin, and Azhari Samsu Baharuddin. "Fabrication and performance of PSf/CA ultrafiltration membranes: Effect of additives for fouling resistance and selective polyphenol removal from apple juice." BioResources 14, no. 1 (2018): 737–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.737-754.

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This work focused on the addition of different pore formation-controlling agent to a polysulfone/cellulose acetate blend membrane via immersion precipitation using phase inversion technique to improve the fouling resistance and selective polyphenol removal of apple juice. The membranes were prepared by blending hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and amphiphilic Pluronic F127 (Plu) with polysulfone/cellulose acetate matrix in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The morphology, mechanical strength, flux permeation, flux recovery ratio, and polyphenol separation of these membranes were characterized. It was found that the fabricated membranes with addition of PVP and Plu were more effective than the membrane without a pore formation-controlling agent. The flux recovery of the membranes with combined pore formers after ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin increased from 12.4% to 66.9%. The selectivity of polyphenols increased from 6% to 79% with an improved flux recovery of 79%, which shows the reduction of yellowish-brown pigment in apple juice.

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Kamal, Nagla, Viktor Kochkodan, Atef Zekri, and Said Ahzi. "Polysulfone Membranes Embedded with Halloysites Nanotubes: Preparation and Properties." Membranes 10, no. 1 (2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10010002.

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In the present study, nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by incorporating nanotubes clay halloysite (HNTs) into polysulfone (PSF) and PSF/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) dope solutions followed by membrane casting using phase inversion method. Characterization of HNTs were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The pore structure, morphology, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the composite membranes were characterized by using SEM, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, and dynamic mechanical analysis. It was shown that the incorporation of HNTs enhanced hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the prepared PSF membranes. Compared to the pristine PSF membrane, results show that the total porosity and pore size of PSF/HNTs composite membranes increased when HNTs loadings were more than 0.5 wt % and 1.0 wt %, respectively. These findings correlate well with changes in water flux of the prepared membranes. It was observed that HNTs were homogenously dispersed within the PSF membrane matrix at HNTs content of 0.1 to 0.5 wt % and the PSF/HNTs membranes prepared by incorporating 0.2 wt % HNTs loading possess the optimal mechanical properties in terms of elastic modulus and yield stress. In the case of the PSF/PVP matrix, the optimal mechanical properties were obtained with 0.3 wt % of HNTs because PVP enhances the HNTs distribution. Results of bovine serum albumin (BSA) filtration tests indicated that PSF/0.2 wt % HNTs membrane exhibited high BSA rejection and notable anti-fouling properties.

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Md Fadilah, Nur Izzah, and Abdul Rahman Hassan. "Preparation, Characterization and Performance Studies of Active PVDF Ultrafiltration-Surfactants Membranes Containing PVP as Additive." Advanced Materials Research 1134 (December 2015): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.44.

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The role of surfactants in the formation of active Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ultrafiltration (AUF) membranes was studied. The effect combination of surfactants that are Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/Tween 80 and Tween 80/Triton X-100 formulations on performance and morphological structures were investigated for the first time. The influence of surfactants blends on the membrane pores was also examined. Experimental data showed that combination of Tween 80/Triton X-100 give the highest BSA permeation flux which value 285.51 Lm-2h-1. With combination of SDS/Tween 80, the AUF membrane showed the highest protein rejection up to 93% and 79% for Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Egg Albumin (EA), respectively. Moreover, membranes characterization demonstrated that the addition of SDS/Tween 80 and Tween 80/Triton X-100 were found to affect the performance, surface morphologies and membrane pores of AUF PVDF membranes.

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Gayatri, Rianyza, Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal, Erna Yuliwati, et al. "Preparation and Characterization of PVDF–TiO2 Mixed-Matrix Membrane with PVP and PEG as Pore-Forming Agents for BSA Rejection." Nanomaterials 13, no. 6 (2023): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061023.

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Polymeric membranes offer straightforward modification methods that make industry scaling affordable and easy; however, these materials are hydrophobic, prone to fouling, and vulnerable to extreme operating conditions. Various attempts were made in this study to fix the challenges in using polymeric membranes and create mixed-matrix membrane (MMMs) with improved properties and hydrophilicity by adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) and pore-forming agents to hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The PVDF mixed-matrix ultrafiltration membranes in this study were made using the non-solvent phase inversion approach which is a simple and effective method for increasing the hydrophilic nature of membranes. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as pore-forming chemicals were created. Pure water flux, BSA flux, and BSA rejection were calculated to evaluate the mixed-matrix membrane’s efficiency. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution was employed in this study to examine the protein rejection ability. Increases in hydrophilicity, viscosity, and flux in pure water and BSA solution were achieved using PVP and PEG additives. The PVDF membrane’s hydrophilicity was raised with the addition of TiO2, showing an increased contact angle to 71°. The results show that the PVDF–PVP–TiO2 membrane achieved its optimum water flux of 97 L/(m2h) while the PVDF–PEG–TiO2 membrane rejected BSA at a rate greater than 97%. The findings demonstrate that use of a support or additive improved filtration performance compared to a pristine polymeric membrane by increasing its hydrophilicity.

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Chen, Yifeng, Jingchuan Dang, Yatao Zhang, Haoqin Zhang, and Jindun Liu. "Preparation and antibacterial property of PES/AgNO3 three-bore hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 7 (2013): 1519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.023.

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In this study, a three-bore polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with antibacterial properties was prepared by phase inversion, using PES as the membrane material, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as solvent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and AgNO3 as additives. The silver particles were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of AgNO3 content on the antibacterial properties and separation performance was studied in detail. The membranes showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli after adding AgNO3 and the antibacterial rate of PES/AgNO3 UF membrane with AgNO3 content of 1 wt% could reach 99.9% after running for 48 hours. Moreover, the bovine serum albumin solution filtration results indicated that the PES/AgNO3 membranes had a certain degree of antifouling performance. Therefore, three-bore PES/AgNO3 membranes have a potential application to reduce both bacterial and organic fouling in water treatment.

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Gryta, Marek, Piotr Woźniak, and Sylwia Mozia. "Effects of Alkaline Cleaning Agents on the Long-Term Performance and Aging of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes Applied for Treatment of Car Wash Wastewater." Membranes 14, no. 6 (2024): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes14060122.

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The commercial ultrafiltration polyethersulfone (PES) membranes (10 and 100 kDa) blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were applied for the filtration of car wash wastewater. Periodical membrane rinsing with water did not prevent fouling and a decrease in permeate flux was observed. Fouling was reduced by washing the membranes with cleaning agents, which are used in car washes to clean wheels and remove insects. In addition to surfactants, these agents contain NaOH, hence the pH value of cleaning solutions was over 11. Long-term contact with such solutions resulted in the removal of PVP from the membrane matrix and an increase in pore size. The PES membranes were soaked in an alkaline solution (pH = 11.5) for 20 months, after which the 200 kDa dextran rejection decreased from 95% to 80%. To compare with the static degradation conditions, 8 weeks of alkaline agent filtration was realized, after which the dextran (200 kDa) rejection decreased below 50%. This indicated that the cross-flow of alkaline agents can accelerate the removal of components building the membrane matrix. Despite membrane degradation, the separation efficiency (the rejection of chemical oxygen demand—COD, turbidity, and surfactants) during the treatment of synthetic car wash wastewater was similar to that obtained for pristine membranes.

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Abdallah, Heba, Tarek S. Jamil, A. M. Shaban, Eman S. Mansor, and Eglal R. Souaya. "Influence of the polyacrylonitrile proportion on the fabricated UF blend membranes’ performance for humic acid removal." Journal of Polymer Engineering 38, no. 2 (2018): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2017-0003.

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Abstract Asymmetric blend membranes of polyethersulfone (PES)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were prepared and developed for ultrafiltration applications. The membranes were prepared by dissolving two polymers in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent with diethylene glycol (DEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as non-solvent and pore former, respectively. The produced membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the hydrophilicity of membranes was tested by contact angle measurements. The performance of prepared membranes was carried out by an ultrafiltration testing unit, where the efficiency of membranes was determined according to the humic acid separation and treated water permeate flux. The results indicated that using 1 wt.% of PAN in polymer mixture provided a blending membrane with high mechanical properties and high performance; the humic acid rejection reached 92.47% with treated water permeate flux 70 l/m2·h at feed pressure 6 bar.

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Pellegrin, B., E. Gaudichet-Maurin, and C. Causserand. "Mechano-chemical ageing of PES/PVP ultrafiltration membranes used in drinking water production." Water Supply 13, no. 2 (2013): 541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.056.

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In water treatment by microfiltration and ultrafiltration, a major concern is the integrity loss or failure of membrane induced by onsite operations, potentially leading to permeate water contamination. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the phenomena responsible for membrane damage by analyzing its causes and effects. The role of sodium hypochlorite exposure conditions and the impact of mechanical stress on membrane characteristics were investigated. Monitoring of hydraulic response, mechanical properties and the evolution of the chemical structure showed, on multiple scales, strong indications of membrane chemical degradation, involving radical mechanisms, accelerated by tensile stress application.

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Irfan, Masooma, Hatijah Basri, Muhammad Irfan, and Woei-Jye Lau. "An acid functionalized MWCNT/PVP nanocomposite as a new additive for fabrication of an ultrafiltration membrane with improved anti-fouling resistance." RSC Advances 5, no. 116 (2015): 95421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11344j.

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Membrane fouling is one of the main challenges encountered in ultrafiltration (UF) processes and the use of nanoparticles for the improvement of UF performance is a recent trend in membrane technology.

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Causserand, Christel, Bastien Pellegrin, and Jean-Christophe Rouch. "Effects of sodium hypochlorite exposure mode on PES/PVP ultrafiltration membrane degradation." Water Research 85 (November 2015): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.028.

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Kusumadewi, Sylvia, and Samuel P. Kusumocahyo. "Development of Ultrafiltration Membrane from Polyethylene Terephthalate (Pet) Bottle Waste." ICONIET PROCEEDING 2, no. 1 (2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/iconiet.v2i1.10.

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Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle is used as beverage packaging, which is very convenient as one time use packaging. However, the huge amount of PET bottle waste has been becoming a serious problem for the environment. The utilization of PET bottle waste is very important to reduce the environmental problem. In this work, PET bottle waste was used a raw material to develop an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. The membrane was prepared by using a phase inversion technique. The effect of the type of solvent, additive, and non-solvent on the microstructure and ultrafiltration performance of the membrane was studied. Different type of solvent, phenol, m-cresol, and DMSO were used to dissolve PET bottle as the source of membrane polymer. Two different additives, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) were used. Membrane 3 with the composition of PET, phenol as solvent, and PEG as additive was prepared successfully. The variation of aqueous alcohol solutions as non-solvent resulted in different microstructures of the membranes as shown by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The permeation experiment result using pure water as the feed showed that membrane 3 using aqueous butanol as non-solvent (membrane 3-ButOH) exhibited the highest permeate flux compared to that of membrane 3 using aqueous propanol (membrane 3-PrOH) or ethanol as non-solvent (membrane 3-EtOH). The ultrafiltration experiment was carried out using a feed solution of water containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) 20,000. The membrane 3-EtOH showed the lowest permeate flux of 3.24 kg/m h, but the highest rejection of PEG 20,000 of 65.87%. The membrane 3-PrOH had a permeate flux of 11.57 kg/m h and a rejection of 64.73%. Whereas the membrane 3-ButOH showed the highest permeate flux of 27.78 kg/m h, but the lowest rejection 16.93%. This result was obtained due to the different membrane microstructures which were strongly affected by the type of non-solvent.

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Kuzminova, Anna, Mariia Dmitrenko, Roman Dubovenko, et al. "Development and Study of Novel Ultrafiltration Membranes Based on Cellulose Acetate." Polymers 16, no. 9 (2024): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091236.

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Recently, increasing attention of researchers in the field of membrane technology has been paid to the development of membranes based on biopolymers. One of the well-proven polymers for the development of porous membranes is cellulose acetate (CA). This paper is devoted to the study of the influence of different parameters on ultrafiltration CA membrane formation and their transport properties, such as the variation in coagulation bath temperature, membrane shrinkage (post-treatment at 80 °C), introduction to casting CA solution of polymers (polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysulfone (PS), and Pluronic F127 (PL)) and carbon nanoparticles (SWCNTs, MWCNTs, GO, and C60). The structural and physicochemical properties of developed membranes were studied by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The transport properties of developed CA-based membranes were evaluated in ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin (BSA), dextran 110 and PVP K-90. All developed membranes rejected 90% compounds with a molecular weight from ~270,000 g/mol. It was shown that the combination of modifications (addition of PEG, PS, PL, PS-PL, and 0.5 wt% C60) led to an increase in the fluxes and BSA rejection coefficients with slight decrease in the flux recovery ratio. These changes were due to an increased macrovoid number, formation of a more open porous structure and/or thinner top selective, and decreased surface roughness and hydrophobization during C60 modification of blend membranes. Optimal transport properties were found for CA-PEG+С60 (the highest water—394 L/(m2h) and BSA—212 L/(m2h) fluxes) and CA-PS+С60 (maximal rejection coefficient of BSA—59%) membranes.

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Qin, Jian-Jun, Fook-Sin Wong, Ying Li, and Yu-Tie Liu. "A high flux ultrafiltration membrane spun from PSU/PVP (K90)/DMF/1,2-propanediol." Journal of Membrane Science 211, no. 1 (2003): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(02)00415-5.

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Jang, Kyunghoon, Thanh-Tin Nguyen, Eunsung Yi, Chang Seong Kim, Soo Wan Kim, and In S. Kim. "Open Pore Ultrafiltration Hollow Fiber Membrane Fabrication Method via Dual Pore Former with Dual Dope Solution Phase." Membranes 12, no. 11 (2022): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12111140.

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Hollow-fiber membranes are widely used in various fields of membrane processes because of their numerous properties, e.g., large surface area, high packing density, mass production with uniform quality, obvious end-of-life indicators, and so on. However, it is difficult to control the pores and internal properties of hollow-fiber membranes due to their inherent structure: a hollow inside surrounded by a wall membrane. Herein, we aimed to control pores and the internal structure of hollow-fiber membranes by fabricating a dual layer using a dual nozzle. Two different pore formers, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), were separately prepared in the dope solutions and used for spinning the dual layer. Our results show that nanoscale pores could be formed on the lumen side (26.8–33.2 nm), and the open pores continuously increased in size toward the shell side. Due to robust pore structure, our fabricated membrane exhibited a remarkable water permeability of 296.2 ± 5.7 L/m2·h·bar and an extremely low BSA loss rate of 0.06 ± 0.02%, i.e., a high BSA retention of 99.94%. In consideration of these properties, the studied membranes are well-suited for use in either water treatment or hemodialysis. Overall, our membranes could be considered for the latter application with a high urea clearance of 257.6 mL/min, which is comparable with commercial membranes.

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Moradihamedani, Pourya, and Abdul Halim Bin Abdullah. "Phosphate removal from water by polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane using PVP as a hydrophilic modifier." Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no. 53 (2016): 25542–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2016.1150890.

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Vatsha, Banele, Jane Catherine Ngila, and Richard M. Moutloali. "Preparation of antifouling polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP 40K) modified polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for water purification." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 67-69 (2014): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2013.09.021.

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Russo, Francesca, Claudia Ursino, Burcu Sayinli, Ismail Koyuncu, Francesco Galiano, and Alberto Figoli. "Advancements in Sustainable PVDF Copolymer Membrane Preparation Using Rhodiasolv® PolarClean As an Alternative Eco-Friendly Solvent." Clean Technologies 3, no. 4 (2021): 761–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3040045.

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In this work, Rhodiasolv® PolarClean was employed as a more sustainable solvent for the preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) flat sheet membranes via phase inversion technique by coupling vapour induced phase separation (VIPS) and non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) processes. Preliminary calculations based on Hansen solubility parameters well predicted the solubilization of the polymer in the selected solvent. The effect of exposure time on humidity and the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and sulfonated polyether sulfone (S-PES) on membrane properties and performance, were evaluated. Three different coagulation bath compositions were also explored. The obtained membranes, prepared using a more sustainable approach, were compared with those produced with the traditional toxic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and characterised in terms of morphology, porosity, wettability, pore size, surface roughness and mechanical resistance. The potential influence of the new solvent on the crystallinity of PVDF-HFP-based membranes was also evaluated by infrared spectroscopy. The adjustment of the parameters investigated allowed tuning of the membrane pore size in the microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) range resulting in membranes with various morphologies. From the water permeability and rejection tests, performed with methylene blue dye, the prepared membranes showed their potentiality to be used in MF and UF applications.

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Tofighy, Maryam Ahmadzadeh, Toraj Mohammadi, and Mohammad Hadi Sadeghi. "High‐flux PVDF / PVP nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane incorporated with graphene oxide nanoribbones with improved antifouling properties." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 138, no. 4 (2020): 49718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.49718.

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Irfan, Muhammad, Masooma Irfan, Ani Idris, et al. "Dual Optimized Sulfonated Polyethersulfone and Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Tube Based Composites High Fouling Resistance Membrane for Protein Separation." Membranes 12, no. 3 (2022): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030329.

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Commercial grade sulfonated-Polyethersulfone (S-PES) and functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (f-MWCNT)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanocomposites (NCs) were used to enhance and optimize the antifouling, protein resistance and protein separation properties of the S-PES ultrafiltration membranes. The polarities of sulfonic groups of S-PES, carbonyl carbon of pyrrolidone, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of f-MWCNT in the membrane composition helped to strongly bind each other through hydrogen bonding, as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These binding forces greatly reduced the leaching of NCs and developed long finger-like projection, as confirmed by elution ratio and cross-sectional studies of the membranes via field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The contact angle was reduced up to 48% more than pristine PES. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to study the various parameters of surface roughness with 3d diagrams, while grain analysis of membrane surface provided a quantitative estimation about volume, area, perimeter, length, radius and diameter. The NCs/S-PES enhanced the flux rate with an impressive (80–84%) flux recovery ratio and (58–62%) reversible resistance (Rr) value in situ, with 60% and 54.4% lesser dynamic and static protein adsorption. The best performing membrane were reported to remove 31.8%, 66.3%, 83.6% and 99.9% for lysozyme-(14.6 kDa), trypsin-(20 kDa), pepsin-(34.6 kDa) and bovine serum albumin (BSA-66 kDa), respectively.

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Russo, Francesca, Tiziana Marino, Francesco Galiano, et al. "Tamisolve® NxG as an Alternative Non-Toxic Solvent for the Preparation of Porous Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes." Polymers 13, no. 15 (2021): 2579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152579.

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Tamisolve® NxG, a well-known non-toxic solvent, was used for poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes preparation via a non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) procedure with water as a coagulation bath. Preliminary investigations, related to the study of the physical/chemical properties of the solvent, the solubility parameters, the gel transition temperature and the viscosity of the polymer–solvent system, confirmed the power of the solvent to solubilize PVDF polymer for membranes preparation. The role of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and/or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), as pore former agents in the dope solution, was studied along with different polymer concentrations (10 wt%, 15 wt% and 18 wt%). The produced membranes were then characterized in terms of morphology, thickness, porosity, contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Pore size measurements, pore size distribution and water permeability (PWP) tests placed the developed membranes in the ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) range. Finally, PVDF membrane performances were investigated in terms of rejection (%) and permeability recovery ratio (PRR) using methylene blue (MB) in water solution to assess their potential application in separation and purification processes.

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Zhou, Anran, Ruibao Jia, Yonglei Wang, et al. "Abatement of sulfadiazine in water under a modified ultrafiltration membrane (PVDF-PVP-TiO2-dopamine) filtration-photocatalysis system." Separation and Purification Technology 234 (March 2020): 116099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116099.

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Zhang, PingYun, YanLi Wang, ZhenLiang Xu, and Hu Yang. "Preparation of poly (vinyl butyral) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane via wet-spinning method using PVP as additive." Desalination 278, no. 1-3 (2011): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.05.026.

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Dibrov, George, George Kagramanov, Vladislav Sudin, Evgenia Grushevenko, Alexey Yushkin, and Alexey Volkov. "Influence of Sodium Hypochlorite Treatment on Pore Size Distribution of Polysulfone/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Membranes." Membranes 10, no. 11 (2020): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10110356.

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This work was focused on the study of hypochlorite treatment on the pore size distribution of membranes. To this end, ultrafiltration membranes from a polysulfone/polyvinylpyrrolidone blend with a sponge-like structure were fabricated and exposed to hypochlorite solutions with different active chlorine concentrations for 4 h at ambient temperature. Liquid–liquid displacement and scanning electron microscopy were employed to study the limiting and surface pores, respectively. After treatment with 50 ppm hypochlorite solution at pH = 7.2, a five-fold increase in water permeance up to 1400 L/(m2·h·bar) was observed, accompanied by a 40% increase in the limiting pore sizes and almost a three-fold increase in the porosity. After 5000 ppm treatment at pH = 11.5, a 40% rise in the maximum limiting pore size and almost a two-fold increase in the porosity and permeance was observed, whereas the mean pore size was constant. Apparently, changes in the membrane structure at pH = 11.5 were connected with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) degradation and wash-out, whereas at lower pH and despite lower active chlorine concentration, this process was coupled with polysulfone (PSf) destruction and removal.

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Chang, Xiaojing, Zhenxing Wang, Shuai Quan, Yanchao Xu, Zaixing Jiang, and Lu Shao. "Exploring the synergetic effects of graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinylpyrrodione (PVP) on poly(vinylylidenefluoride) (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane performance." Applied Surface Science 316 (October 2014): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.07.202.

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Wang, Panpan, Jun Ma, Zhenghui Wang, Fengmei Shi, and Qianliang Liu. "Enhanced Separation Performance of PVDF/PVP-g-MMT Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membrane Based on the NVP-Grafted Polymerization Modification of Montmorillonite (MMT)." Langmuir 28, no. 10 (2012): 4776–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la203494z.

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Shakak, Mohammad, Reza Rezaee, Afshin Maleki, et al. "Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane (PSF/PVP/SiO2) and performance evaluation for the removal of amoxicillin from aqueous solutions." Environmental Technology & Innovation 17 (February 2020): 100529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2019.100529.

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Zhou, Anran, Yonglei Wang, Shaohua Sun, et al. "Removal of sulfadiazine in a modified ultrafiltration membrane (PVDF-PVP-TiO2-FeCl3) filtration-photocatalysis system: parameters optimizing and interferences of drinking water." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 36 (2020): 45605–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10426-7.

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Ahmad, A. L., M. Sarif, and S. Ismail. "Development of an integrally skinned ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment: effect of different formulations of PSf/NMP/PVP on flux and rejection." Desalination 179, no. 1-3 (2005): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.072.

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Pakan, Mahyar, Maryam Mirabi, and Alireza Valipour. "Effectiveness of different CuO morphologies nanomaterials on the permeability, antifouling, and mechanical properties of PVDF/PVP/CuO ultrafiltration membrane for water treatment." Chemosphere 337 (October 2023): 139333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139333.

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Kurnia, Kurnia. "Economic Evaluation Analysis of Nano-silica Ultrafiltration Membrane Production from Sand." International Journal of Energetica 3, no. 1 (2018): 06. http://dx.doi.org/10.47238/ijeca.v3i1.59.

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The purpose of this research was to analyze the production method of a membrane of silica nanoparticles from an economic perspective. Silica nanoparticles are synthesized using a coprecipitation method. Briefly, the process consists of immersion, heating, precipitation, washing and drying, and packaging. The parameters used for economic analysis are gross profit margin (GPM), internal rate return (IRR), payback period (PBP), cumulative net present value (CNPV), break-even point (BEP), and profitability index (PI). The production of this ultrafiltration nano-silica membrane can be done by varying the amount of initial sand from 6 to 14 kg. The production of ultrafiltration nano-silica membranes can be produced in both domestic and micro-scale industries. To get a very good profit, economic analysis shows the minimum amount of sand used should be more than six kg. This study is very important because the production of ultrafiltration nano-silica membranes have a high potential in the field of economics and will encourage further investigation for the possibility of industrial production of these ultrafiltration nano silica membranes.

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Weng, Rengui, Guohong Chen, Xin He, et al. "The Performance of Cellulose Composite Membranes and Their Application in Drinking Water Treatment." Polymers 16, no. 2 (2024): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16020285.

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Water scarcity and water pollution have become increasingly severe, and therefore, the purification of water resources has recently garnered increasing attention. Given its position as a major water resource, the efficient purification of drinking water is of crucial importance. In this study, we adopted a phase transition method to prepare ZrO2/BCM (bamboo cellulose membranes), after which we developed IP-ZrO2/BC-NFM (bamboo cellulose nanofiltration membranes) through interfacial polymerization using piperazine (PIP) and tricarbonyl chloride (TMC). Subsequently, we integrated these two membranes to create a combined “ultrafiltration + nanofiltration” membrane process for the treatment of drinking water. The membrane combination process was conducted at 25 °C, with ultrafiltration at 0.1 MPa and nanofiltration at 0.5 MPa. This membrane combination, featuring “ultrafiltration + nanofiltration,” had a significant impact on reducing turbidity, consistently maintaining the post-filtration turbidity of drinking water at or below 0.1 NTU. Furthermore, the removal rates for CODMN and ammonia nitrogen reached 75% and 88.6%, respectively, aligning with the standards for high-quality drinking water. In a continuous 3 h experiment, the nanofiltration unit exhibited consistent retention rates for Na2SO4 and bovine serum protein (BSA), with variations of less than 5%, indicating exceptional separation performance. After 9 h of operation, the water flux of the nanofiltration unit began to stabilize, with a decrease rate of approximately 25%, demonstrating that the “ultrafiltration + nanofiltration” membrane combination can maintain consistent performance during extended use. In conclusion, the “ultrafiltration + nanofiltration” membrane combination exhibited remarkable performance in the treatment of drinking water, offering a viable solution to address issues related to water scarcity and water pollution.

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