Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Purchase”
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Park, Timothy A., i Wojciech J. Florkowski. "Demand and Quality Uncertainty in Pecan Purchasing Decisions". Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 31, nr 1 (kwiecień 1999): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200028752.
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AbstractA generalized Heckman model of purchase decisions incorporating perceived consumer quality attributes, ease of purchase, and familiarity with marketing outlets as factors influencing pecan purchases is estimated. Marketing efforts that encourage consumers to expand expenditures on nut products increase both the probability of pecan purchases and the amount purchased. Consumers who use all types of nuts in a wider variety of foods tend to purchase pecans more frequently. A diverse set of marketing outlets provides consumers with convenient sources for purchasing pecans and has a significant influence on the probability of pecan purchases but not the amount of pecans purchased.
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ARISTANA, I. DEWA GEDE. "PENGARUH KEPERCAYAAN DAN E-WOM TERHADAP NIAT PEMBELIAN ONLINE SERTA PERAN DEMOGRAFI SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PEMBELIAN ONLINE". GANEC SWARA 17, nr 4 (1.12.2023): 1894. http://dx.doi.org/10.35327/gara.v17i4.648.
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The Indonesian E-Commerce market, especially in the retail industry, is undergoing a phase of development, but behind the rapid growth of E-Commerce there are contradictory business issues related to online buying behavior. When internet usage is increasing in online shopping activities, a large number of prospective consumers actually decide to cancel at the final stage of completing online transactions, namely at the payment stage. The increase in the value of E-Commerce transactions was not followed by an increase in the ratio of online transaction settlement. The purpose of this research is to explain the effect of trust and Electronic Word of Mouth on online purchase intentions and online purchases, the mediating role of online purchase intentions, and the demographic moderation role on the effect of online purchase intentions on online purchases. Theories used as references are Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Social cognitive theory. Respondents in this study were people of Denpasar City who had purchased fashion products online, in the past one month with a minimum age of 17 years, and had at least 1 purchase. Data analysis was performed using PLS (partial least square). The results of this study indicate that trust has a positive but not significant effect on online purchases and on online purchase intentions has a positive and significant effect, E-WOM has a positive and significant influence on the intention of online purchase and online purchase, intention to purchase online has a positive effect and significant to online purchases. Online purchase intention mediates perfectly the effect of trust in online purchases, while the partial influence is shown by online purchase intention in mediating the effect of E-WOM on online purchases, and demographics are not able to moderate the influence of online purchase intentions on online purchases.
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Kavinda, D. D. C., i P. A. N. S. Anuradha. "Directors’ stock-purchases on stock performance: Evidence from Colombo Stock Exchange". International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management 3, nr 4 (4.03.2022): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/ijfam.v3i4.777.
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Abstract Purpose: This study examines how directors’ stock-purchase transactions would result in stock performance, assessing whether directors’ stock-purchase transactions are rapidly reflected in stock prices in Colombo Stock Exchange, Sri Lanka. Moreover, it studies how stock-purchase transactions based on directors’ gender, would result in stock performance. Research Methodology: The analysis covers a period from March 2013 to March 2019, and includes 141 directors’ stock purchases. Research issues are investigated using an event-study methodology. Results: Significant negative abnormal returns follow directors’ stock-purchase transactions, which indicates they are not rapidly reflected in stock prices. Gender-wise, male directors’ stock-purchase transactions result in significantly negative abnormal returns, whereas for its female counterpart, no significantly abnormal returns are observed. Further, both male and female directors’ stock-purchase transactions are not rapidly reflected in stock prices. Limitation: The study does not consider the number of shares purchased. Certain director stock purchases have to be omitted due to a lack of data. Contribution: Policy-makers could implement actions to prevent harmful trading activities and to improve the reporting timelines of directors' stock purchases. Consequently, the information asymmetry could be minimized. Hence, investors could engage in stock purchases confidently, which results in mitigating the company’s cost of capital.
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Kim, Jonghum, Eun-A. Park i Hayea Kim. "Effect of Product Presentation Order and Purchase Quantity on Consumers' Additional Purchase Behavior". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 44, nr 2 (23.03.2016): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.2.283.
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We examined how presentation order and purchase quantity affect the purchase intention of consumers and the amount of information they search for in regard to target products. Participants (N = 122) were students at universities in the Republic of Korea who were assigned to 1 of 3 types of experimental condition. The effects of presentation order were tested in conditions where the number of products being purchased was small. The effects of purchase quantity were examined in conditions where the number of products being purchased was larger. Results showed that when a small number of items made up the purchase presentation order this had an effect on purchase intention but did not affect the amount of information the participants searched for about the target products. When participants were purchasing a large number of products this increased the intention to purchase the target product and decreased the amount of information search performed. Our findings in this study have an important implication for irrational consumerism in that buying a large number of products led to consumers more readily making unplanned additional purchases.
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Tak, Mehroosh, Cherry Law, Rosemary Green, Bhavani Shankar i Laura Cornelsen. "Processed foods purchase profiles in urban India in 2013 and 2016: a cluster and multivariate analysis". BMJ Open 12, nr 10 (październik 2022): e062254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062254.
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ObjectivesSales of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) and beverages are rising in low-income and middle-income countries. Such foods are often linked with weight gain, obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension—diseases that are on the rise in India. This paper analysed patterns in purchases of processed and UPF by urban Indian households.SettingPanel data from Kantar —Worldpanel Division, India for 2013 and 2016.Participants58 878 urban Indian households.MethodsWe used K-mean partition clustering and multivariate regression to analyse patterns in processed food (PF) and UPF purchase for urban India.ResultsThree-quarters of urban Indian households purchased over ten PF groups. Mean per person annual PF purchase was 150 kg. UPF purchase was low at 6.4 kg in 2016 but had grown by 6% since 2013. Cluster analysis identified three patterns of consumption, characterised by low (54% of the households in 2016), medium (36%) and high (10%) PF purchase quantities. High cluster households purchased over three times as much PFs and UPF as the low cluster households. Notably, salt purchases were persistently high across clusters in both years (>3.3 kg), while sweet snack and ready-to-eat food purchases grew consistently in all clusters between 2013 and 2016. A positive and significant association was found between household purchases of UPF and their socioeconomic status as well as ownership of durables, such as refrigerator, colour television and washing machine (all p<0.001). Spatial characteristics including size of town (p<0.05) in which the household is located were also positively associated with the purchase of UPF.ConclusionResults suggest the need for tailored regional and city level interventions to curb the low but growing purchase of UPF. New data on obesity and rise of non-communicable diseases, the results are concerning given the links between lifestyle changes and the speed of urbanisation in Indian cities.
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Smed, Sinne, Anna Kristina Edenbrandt, Pia Koch-Hansen i Leon Jansen. "Who is the purchaser of nutrition-labelled products?" British Food Journal 119, nr 9 (4.09.2017): 1934–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-11-2016-0552.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how the typical purchasers of products with nutrition symbols differ from other purchasers with respect to socio-demographic characteristics. Furthermore the authors examine if the typical purchaser is similar across six product types in Denmark and in the Netherlands. Design/methodology/approach The authors estimate probit models using a representative panel of households registering all their daily purchases during a year, three years after the introduction of a nutrition symbol in Denmark and the Netherlands (the Keyhole and the Choices). The purchase data are matched with information about labelling status. Other product and purchase characteristics, such as store-type and organic, are controlled for. Findings Households with children tend to have a lower probability of purchasing labelled products compared to other household types, while urbanity increases the probability. This holds both across countries and across products. In Denmark education is positively correlated with label purchase, while in the Netherlands it is income. Generally, the observable characteristics of the consumers are poor in explaining the probability of purchasing labelled products which suggests that other aspects as the underlying attitudes and general health awareness may be of greater importance in identifying these consumers. Originality/value There is a lack of studies analysing the effect of front-of-pack symbols on households’ product choices based on observed data as most previous studies are based on stated observation or purchase intentions.
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Pelletier, Mark J., i Joel E. Collier. "Experiential Purchase Quality". Journal of Service Research 21, nr 4 (24.04.2018): 456–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094670518770042.
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Experiential purchases, such as movies, theme parks, and vacations, represent a unique, and exceedingly popular, type of marketing behavior. Despite the increasing popularity of purchased experiences, the question of what makes one experiential purchase superior to another remains elusive. Using a multimethod, grounded theory approach, the authors perform two qualitative studies that reveal high-quality experiential purchases are composed of five dimensions: uniqueness, fun, escapism, servicescape quality, and social congruence. Next, an empirical model of experiential purchase quality (EPQ) and its outcome variables is tested in two different settings. The results find support for the EPQ conceptualization and uncover that a high-quality experiential purchase can positively influence braggart word of mouth, nostalgia, and self-connectedness to the experience while also lowering price consciousness perceptions to repeat the experience. A comparison of short and long experiences found that customers put a heavier weighting on concepts such as escapism and social congruence in shorter experiences where longer experiences had a heavier emphasis on the servicescape and perceptions of fun. From a managerial perspective, our results highlight that a one-size-fits all approach in experiential management is problematic. Managers need to understand that customers have different evaluative criteria depending on the length of an experiential purchase.
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Premananto, Gancar Candra, Thohir Basuki, Sri Hartini, Masmira Kurniawati i Arlinah Abdul Rashid. "The Effects of E-WOM, Information Overload, Attitude Towards Online Purchase, and Consumer Psychological Condition on the Intention Towards Online Purchase of Laptop Product". Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics 31, nr 1 (1.12.2023): 815–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.60016/majcafe.v31.30.
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This study aims to determine the influence of E-WOM, information overload, attitudes towards online purchases, and the psychological condition of consumers on online purchase intention of laptop product. Data were collected by distributing online questionnaires involving 177 internet user respondents who had never purchased a laptop online. The location of this research is in Indonesia. The hypothesis was analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). In taking samples, this research used a purposive sampling technique and in measuring variables, this research used a Likert scale model. The results of data analysis show that E-WOM has no effect on Online Purchase Intentions and Attitudes towards Online Purchases. On the other hand, excess information and attitudes towards online purchases have a positive effect on online purchase intentions for laptop products. Apart from that, the results also show that E-WOM influences information overload. The implication of these findings is that factors such as more complete information and positive attitudes towards online purchases have an important role in influencing consumers’ decisions in planning to purchase laptop products online, which can help companies and marketers in developing more effective marketing strategies.
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Shariff, S. Sarifah Radiah, Zurriyati Bakri i Pa'ezah Hamzah. "Association Rules for Purchase Dependency of Grocery Items". Social and Management Research Journal 13, nr 2 (31.12.2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v13i2.5271.
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Customer purchasing behaviour is reflected in the choice of products consumers purchased. An item that a customer purchases sometimes depends on the purchase of another item. Retailers can use purchasing dependencies for planning replenishment of inventory to avoid stock-outs. However, such dependencies are usually not visible. This study uses the data mining approach in finding associations between products purchased by customers from a supermarket and four retail shops. Primary data were obtained from 130 single-sales transactions made over a seven days period by customers of the supermarket and retail stores. Association rules for purchase dependencies were mined using two different algorithms, Apriori and Carma, on IBM SPSS Modeller 15. Results indicated that for retail shops, the purchase of grocery products depends on the availability of fresh food items with 83.33% confidence, and 40% of the customers tend to purchase both items within one transaction. For the supermarket, customers are 27.06% more frequent to buy grocery products together with health beauty products and fresh foods items with 96.66% confidence.
Keywords: purchase dependency, association rules, apriori model, carma model
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Weatherspoon, Dave D., Marie Steele-Adjognon, Fidèle Niyitanga, Jean Paul Dushimumuremyi, Anwar Naseem i James Oehmke. "Food expenditure patterns, preferences, policy, and access of Rwandan households". British Food Journal 119, nr 6 (5.06.2017): 1202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-09-2016-0408.
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Purpose An extended period of economic growth along with stubborn childhood stunting and wasting levels raises questions about how consumer food purchasing behaviors respond to income increases in Rwanda. The purpose of this paper is to assess the role income, prices, policy, agricultural production, and market access play on how rural households purchase different food groups. Design/methodology/approach Six separate log-normal double hurdle models are run on six different food groups to examine what affects the probability a household purchases in each food group and for those who do purchase, what determines the quantity purchased. Findings Rural Rwandans are price and expenditure responsive but prices have more impact on food group purchases. Crop production resulted in reduced household market procurement for its associated food group but had mixed effects on the purchases of all other food groups. Rural Rwandans purchase and consume low amounts of animal-based proteins which may be a leading factor related to the high stunting and wasting rates. Owning an animal increased the purchased quantity of meat but lowered the purchased quantity of most other food groups. Practical implications Results suggest that policies and programs have to address multiple constraints simultaneously to increase the purchases of the limited food groups in the rural household diets that may be contributing to the high rates of stunting and wasting. Originality/value This study is the first to evaluate the interplay among prices, household income, household production, policies and donor programs, and demographic variables on rural Rwandan household food purchases.
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Valizadeh, Pourya, Barry M. Popkin i Shu Wen Ng. "Linking a sugar-sweetened beverage tax with fruit and vegetable subsidies: A simulation analysis of the impact on the poor". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 115, nr 1 (5.10.2021): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab330.
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ABSTRACT Background US individuals, particularly from low-income subpopulations, have very poor diet quality. Policies encouraging shifts from consuming unhealthy food towards healthy food consumption are needed. Objectives We simulate the differential impacts of a national sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax and combinations of SSB taxes with fruit and vegetable (FV) subsidies targeted to low-income households on SSB and FV purchases of lower and higher SSB purchasers. Methods We considered a 1-cent-per-ounce SSB tax and 2 FV subsidy rates of 30% and 50% and used longitudinal grocery purchase data for 79,044 urban/semiurban US households from 2010–2014 Nielsen Homescan data. We used demand elasticities for lower and higher SSB purchasers, estimated via longitudinal quantile regression, to simulate policies’ differential effects. Results Higher-SSB-purchasing households made larger reductions (per adult equivalent) in SSB purchases than lower SSB purchasers due to the tax (e.g., 4.4 oz/day at SSB purchase percentile 90 compared with 0.5 oz/day at percentile 25; P < 0.05). Our analyses by household income indicated low-income households would make larger reductions than higher-income households at all SSB purchase levels. Targeted FV subsidies induced similar, but nutritionally insignificant, increases in FV purchases of low-income households, regardless of their SSB purchase levels. Subsidies, however, were effective in mitigating the tax burdens. All low-income households experienced a net financial gain when the tax was combined with a 50% FV subsidy, but net gains were smaller among higher SSB purchasers. Further, low-income households with children gained smaller net financial benefits than households without children and incurred net financial losses under a 30% subsidy rate. Conclusions SSB taxes can effectively reduce SSB consumption. FV subsidies would increase FV purchases, but nutritionally meaningful increases are limited due to low purchase levels before policy implementation. Expanding taxes beyond SSBs, providing larger FV subsidies, or offering subsidies beyond FVs, particularly for low-income households with children, may be more effective.
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WITEK, Lucyna, Wiesława KUŹNIAR, Anna KOROMBEL i Alena ANDREJOVSKA. "GREEN MARKETING: PERCEIVED GREEN PURCHASE CONTROL AND ITS ROLE IN EXPLAINING GREEN PURCHASE INTENTIONS: THE EMERGING MARKET PERSPECTIVE". Humanities and Social Sciences quarterly 30, nr 4 - part 2 (31.12.2023): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7862/rz.2023.hss.87.
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Sustainable development is becoming a subject of global discussion. Behaviors towards the purchase of eco-friendly products may help protect the environment and reduce the adverse effects of consumption. This article aims to provide a deeper understanding of the predictors of green purchase behavior, and, in particular, to explain the role of perceived green purchase control in shaping the intention to purchase a green product. The theoretical approach is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. An empirical study was carried out among 650 Polish purchasers of green products; data were collected using an online survey. The research clarifies how perceived green purchase control affects the intention to purchase a green product. Intentions are positively and strongly correlated with attitudes and subjective norms. On the other hand, the relationship with perceived green purchase control is relatively weak, yet statistically significant. This study provides valuable knowledge on the factors clarifying purchasers’ behavior towards green products. It aids understanding of the importance of barriers to green product purchases and the formulation of marketing strategies to narrow the gap between positive attitudes and behavior, and trigger the effect of switching to green versions of products.
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DelVecchio, Devon, Timothy B. Heath i Max Chauvin. "When signal swamps substance: the effects of multi-unit discount’s positive and negative cues on sales". Journal of Product & Brand Management 26, nr 7 (20.11.2017): 750–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-06-2016-1207.
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Purpose Multi-unit discounts (MUDs, e.g. “3 for $4”) typically increase sales relative to other discounting frames. This study demonstrates the value of MUDs by showing that positive multi-unit price/quantity signals are potent enough to match and even exceed the sales produced by larger discounts on single items. However, there is reason to believe that MUDs can produce neutral effects in some cases (e.g. among consumers interested in only single-unit purchases) and even negative effects in others. In addition, the study considers whether MUDs can, in some cases, reduce purchase quantities by signaling smaller-than-otherwise-planned purchase amounts and/or lower-quality products. Design/methodology/approach The effectiveness of MUDs is tested in both the field and lab. Study 1 models purchase quantities stemming from 2,374 purchases of discounted items at a mass retailer. Purchased products ranged in type from pantry items to apparel and electronics, and ranged in price from 44¢ to $99.99. There were 1,530 single-unit discounts, 596 two-unit discounts and 248 discounts, involving three or more units. Study 2 consists of a laboratory experiment that overcomes the shortcomings of Study 1 by accounting for non-purchasers, controlling for product classes and testing whether smaller MUDs can lead to lower purchase quantities for larger-purchase-quantity products. Findings The results of both the field study and the laboratory experiment indicate that MUDs’ monetary cue (savings) and purchase-quantity cue (volume) increase purchase quantities. Generally, purchase quantities increased monotonically with the number of units offered in the discount. In fact, the quantity cue is so effective that it can increase sales enough as to substitute for larger discounts. However, in some instances, MUDs can decrease intended purchase quantities. The negative effect of MUDs is the most pronounced for larger unit deals, offering deeper discounts on perishable goods. Originality/value This research is the first to demonstrate that the power of the signals provided by MUDs may be so positive as to lead them to be more effective than discounts of substantially larger value but also so negative as to render them less effective than single-units discounts. This negative outcome poses a threat beyond those typically associated with discounts, in that rather than consumers simply discounting a discount, in which case the discount remains positive even if their impact at the margin wanes, the MUD frame may actually reduce sales.
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Rayner, Lisa, i Gary Easthope. "Postmodern consumption and alternative medications". Journal of Sociology 37, nr 2 (czerwiec 2001): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078301128756274.
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Alternative medicine consumption is examined as a paradigm case of postmodern consumption. Content analysis of advertisements and analysis of a survey of purchasers of such medicines demonstrate niche markets delineated by life style, an emphasis on symbolic value rather than use value and the use of such medicines as a means of self-assembly – all features predicted by theorists of postmodern society. However, purchasers are predominantly female, and age and gender distinguish different types of products purchased, purchase is not entirely symbolic and many purchases are made to be consumed by others, making it uncertain whether they are used for self-assembly. These results suggest modifications to theories of postmodern consumption are necessary.
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Takaya, Rowlan. "Antecedents Analysis of Purchase Intention". Business and Entrepreneurial Review 16, nr 1 (23.07.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/ber.v16i1.4906.
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The advancement of technology has resulted in the creation of a new form of shopping transactions. This technology is used by residents to shop online. Thus, customers’ involvements in online purchasing have become an important trend. The objective of this research was to identify the determinants of customer purchases online. This study used a surveymethod using questionnaires and the target is an online customer in Central Jakarta.This research used simple regression to determine the effect of purchace intention to factors that influence it. Data questionnaire distributed directly to the respondents who never buy online shopping. Findings revealed that impulse purchase intention, quality orientation, brand orientation, online trust and prior online purchase experience were positively related to the customer online purchase intention.
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Behe, Bridget K., i Dennis J. Wolnick. "Market Segmentation of Pennslyvania Floral Consumers by Purchase Volume and Primary Retail Outlet". HortScience 26, nr 10 (październik 1991): 1328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.10.1328.
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Market segmentation is an, efficient method of defining consumer groups to develop new markets. The purpose of this research was to determine the viability of market segmentation strategies based on volume and location of purchase. A sample of 401 Pennsylvania floral consumers was divided into groups based on the number and the primary location of floral purchases. Two discriminant analyses were conducted to determine differences between market segments. Heavy floral consumers exhibited a higher level of floral knowledge, purchased more floral products for themselves and from nonflorist retailers, and had higher incomes than light or medium floral users. Florist customers purchased fresh flowers more frequently, bought more floral gifts, and spent a higher amount per purchase than supermarket customers. Segmentation based on volume of purchase and primary retail location are both viable alternatives for market development strategies for floral consumers.
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Pedraza, Lilia, Barry Popkin, Juan Salgado i Lindsey Taillie. "Mexican Households’ Purchases of Foods and Beverages Vary by Store-Type, Taxation Status, and SES". Nutrients 10, nr 8 (8.08.2018): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081044.
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Where people shop for food is often linked to the healthiness of food purchases. In Mexico, no research has examined the connection between where people shop, what they buy, and their socioeconomic status (SES). Mexico’s sugary beverage and junk food taxes have made households decrease purchases of taxed products. However, whether households have changed where they shop is unknown. To address this gap, we use a repeated cross-sectional analysis of household packaged food and beverage purchases from the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Survey from 2012 to 2015 (n > 5500 households). We examine changes in the volume of the purchase of taxed and untaxed products from different store-types (i.e., convenience stores, supermarkets, traditional retailers, wholesalers, home water-delivery, and others) by SES using multivariate linear regression models. Results show that high-SES households purchased more foods and beverages at all store-types except for low-SES who purchased the most foods and taxed beverages at traditional retailers. Purchases of taxed foods and beverages from traditional retailers significantly decreased for low-SES and middle-SES households and from supermarkets for middle-SES and high-SES households. Purchases of untaxed beverages from wholesalers significantly increased for middle-SES households and from convenience stores for high-SES households. Our findings suggest that consumers choose different stores to purchase beverages than to purchase foods and that taxes may have differentially affected each store-type.
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King, Jessica L., Anna Bilic i Julie W. Merten. "Reasons for Pack Size Purchase among US Adults Who Purchase Cigars". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 15 (22.07.2021): 7790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157790.
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With municipalities across the US establishing minimum cigar pack size regulations, it is critical to understand what drives pack size preference. The purpose of this exploratory study was to identify reasons for cigar pack size purchase. We used Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to survey adults who had purchased cigars and reported past 30 day use. Participants responded to an open-ended item asking their reasons for purchasing their usual pack size. Responses were double-coded and categorized. Of 152 respondents, 61 used traditional cigars, 85 used cigarillos, and 36 used filtered cigars. Across all cigar types, most participants (73.7%) purchased boxes rather than singles; 5–9-packs were the most popular pack size category (19.7%), followed by 20+-packs (18.4%). We identified 16 reasons for pack size purchase across seven categories: price, consumption, social aspect, convenience, product characteristics, availability, and general preferences. Reasons varied according to whether the consumer purchased larger or smaller pack sizes. In this exploratory study to identify reasons for cigar pack size purchases, findings were consistent with those identified through tobacco industry documents and in the cigarette literature. Future research should examine the prevalence of these reasons, including as a function of demographic and use characteristics, to help inform the understanding of potential minimum cigar pack regulations.
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., Jeffry. "PENERAPAN SISTEM PEMBELIAN DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN SISTEM PENGELUARAN KAS TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERN (Studi Kasus pada PT. Bogor Raya Development)". Jurnal Ilmiah Binaniaga 8, nr 01 (24.05.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33062/jib.v8i01.315.
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Purchase transactions generally can be grouped into two, namely the purchase of local and import purchases. Purchase is a purchase from a local supplier in the country, while the import is a purchase from suppliers abroad. In making a purchase of goods at each company, the system of purchase accounting required in the purchase transaction. If the system of purchase does not or not properly controlled, then the company will be instability in the running of day-to-day operations. Purchase system set up ways to do all that is required by the purchase of the company. This system starts from the needs of a goods purchased goods until received.Goal of this research is to evaluate the system of purchase in connection with cash expenditure on service company. Evaluation conducted to determine whether the system is implemented in the purchase of the company is already a minimum of opportunity for cheating to make the purchase, from the goods are required to be purchased with the goods received. In addition, the authors also evaluate how the procedure of cash to pay suppliers in the company can be and avoid cheating. Research conducted by the author is in the PT. Bogor Raya Development, located in Bogor. PT. Bogor Raya Development is a company that functions as a Property Services, Golf Club, Sports Club, and the Event Organizer and the Hotel & Resort.Results of research indicate that the internal control system to the purchase and expenditure of cash on PT. Bogor Raya Development has not been good enough, there are still opportunities to go on cheating the system. Opportunities do cheating can be seen from a company function of purchase with the function of the receipt. In addition, in the accounting and finance, there is waste that is done, print the document, namely the Bank Exit three copies, and two duplicate the same stored in the same department. This is a waste because it is required to print a form that does not cost cheapThe evaluation in this research shows there are some things that do not apply to the PT. Bogor Raya Development, the system does not run the procedure is not written so that sometimes can make employees who are confused whether to go in the responsibility or not. In addition, the supervision of the goods that came has not been effective because it does not separated function of purchase and receipt of goods. Supervision of goods in the warehouse also has not been effective because it held by employees of the purchase. Written procedures that will be easier for employees to know the duties and responsibilities, in addition to the cash expenditure on the system there is waste to form Bank Exit. Thus the internal control system of purchase and cash expenditures can run effectively.Keywords: system purchases, cash expenditures, and internal control
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Ćirić, Milica, i Bratislav Predić. "PSEUDO-MULTIVARIATE LSTM NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR PURCHASE DAY PREDICTION IN B2B". Facta Universitatis, Series: Automatic Control and Robotics 19, nr 3 (19.01.2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fuacr2003151c.
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This research focuses on trying to predict the moment of the next purchase for a customer in vendor-customer B2B scenario using an LSTM neural network and comparing prediction results from different input features. In a previous research we performed predictions for a specific customer product pair and used previous purchases for that pair as input data, but the number of such previous purchases was often very limited which resulted in low accuracy of predictions. By aggregating purchase data for all products a customer purchased, we were able to get more precise predictions of the next purchase. Additionally, expanding our input feature set yielded even better results. We performed an evaluation of LSTM networks trained with the most successful combination of input features for a six month period. Each of the networks was trained with purchase data up to the starting point of the selected period and the predictions were performed, after which additional input for the following seven days was added to the network. This process was then repeated for the entire six month period and a slight downward trend can be noticed for error metrics, leading to the conclusion that the network would perform even better over time with the addition of future purchases.
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Levy, Renata Bertazzi, Rafael Moreira Claro i Carlos Augusto Monteiro. "Sugar and total energy content of household food purchases in Brazil". Public Health Nutrition 12, nr 11 (30.04.2009): 2084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005588.
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AbstractObjectiveTo study the role of energy derived from sugar (both table sugar and sugar added to processed foods) in the total energy content of food purchases in Brazil.DesignFood purchase data were collected during a national household budget survey carried out between June 2002 and July 2003 on a probabilistic sample representative of all households in the country. The amount of food purchased in this 12-month period was transformed into energy and energy from sugar using food composition tables. Multiple linear regression models were used to study the association between amount of energy from sugar and total energy content of food purchases, controlling for sociodemographic variables and potential interactions between these variables and sugar purchases.ResultsThere was a positive and significant association between energy from sugar and total household energy purchases. A 1 kJ increase in sugar purchase corresponded to a 3·637 kJ increase in total energy. In the absence of expenditure on meals outside the home, i.e. when household food purchases tend to approximate actual food consumption by household members, sugar purchase of 1926·35 kJ/d (the 90th percentile of the distribution of sugar purchases in Brazil) was associated, depending on income strata, with total energy purchase over 40–60 % of the recommended daily value for energy intake in Brazil.ConclusionsThe present results corroborate the recommendations of the WHO and the Brazilian Ministry of Health regarding limiting the consumption of sugar.
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Chisasa, Joseph, i Winnie Dlamini. "An Empirical Analysis Of The Interest Rate-Vehicle Purchase Decision Nexus In South Africa". International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 12, nr 5 (27.04.2013): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i5.7823.
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The domestic passenger car market has witnessed substantial growth in South Africa. At the same time, bank repossessions and black-listing of defaulting borrowers have increased in sympathy. This paper empirically examines the link between interest rates and the borrowers decision to purchase a passenger vehicle in South Africa. We use monthly time series data of passenger vehicles purchased, household income, fuel prices, prime interest rates and producer price index for manufacturers from January 1995 to December 2011. With passenger vehicle unit purchases as the dependent variable, we obtain OLS estimates of the passenger vehicle purchase function. Results show that there is a negative, but insignificant, relationship between interest rates and passenger vehicle purchases in South Africa. Holding other factors constant, a 1% increase in interest rate results in a 0.9% decrease in passenger vehicle purchases. Household income, fuel price and producer price index are observed to have a positive and insignificant impact on the decision to purchase a passenger vehicle. Our results have policy and decision making implications to lenders and borrowers, respectively.
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Országhová, Dana, i Gabriela Petreková. "Consumers’ motivation and purchasing behavior in selected shopping chain with grocery: a case study". Mathematics in Education, Research and Applications 6, nr 2 (30.12.2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/meraa.2020.06.01.72-79.
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Food products are among the most frequently purchased goods, because they are part of the basic life necessities of every individual. In this paper, we focused on the shopping behavior of consumers who buy products in the shopping chain COOP Jednota. The main goal was the analysis of motivational and purchasing behavior of consumers and statistical evaluation of independence between observed features. We obtained data for the analysis by the method of questionnaire and we evaluated the answers of the respondents focused on four research questions. We applied -test of independence to determine dependence between these statistical features: respondent's education, frequency of respondent's purchases, effect of advertising on purchasing of consumers, and amount of the monthly payment for the purchase. Results confirmed that there is dependence between the respondent's education and the frequency of purchases in the mentioned shopping chain. The dependence was not approved in the following three cases: between the respondent's education and the incentive effect of advertising on purchases; between the respondent's education and the monthly payment for the purchase, and between the frequency of purchases in the COOP Jednota chain and the motivational effect of advertising on the respondent's purchase.
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Országhová, Dana, i Gabriela Petreková. "Consumers’ motivation and purchasing behavior in selected shopping chain with grocery: a case study". Mathematics in Education, Research and Applications 6, nr 2 (30.12.2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/meraa.2020.06.02.72-79.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Food products are among the most frequently purchased goods, because they are part of the basic life necessities of every individual. In this paper, we focused on the shopping behavior of consumers who buy products in the shopping chain COOP Jednota. The main goal was the analysis of motivational and purchasing behavior of consumers and statistical evaluation of independence between observed features. We obtained data for the analysis by the method of questionnaire and we evaluated the answers of the respondents focused on four research questions. We applied - test of independence to determine dependence between these statistical features: respondent's education, frequency of respondent's purchases, effect of advertising on purchasing of consumers, and amount of the monthly payment for the purchase. Results confirmed that there is dependence between the respondent's education and the frequency of purchases in the mentioned shopping chain. The dependence was not approved in the following three cases: between the respondent's education and the incentive effect of advertising on purchases; between the respondent's education and the monthly payment for the purchase, and between the frequency of purchases in the COOP Jednota chain and the motivational effect of advertising on the respondent's purchase.
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Országhová, Dana, i Gabriela Petreková. "Consumers’ motivation and purchasing behavior in selected shopping chain with grocery: a case study". Mathematics in Education, Research and Applications 6, nr 2 (30.12.2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/meraa.2020.06.01.72-79.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Food products are among the most frequently purchased goods, because they are part of the basic life necessities of every individual. In this paper, we focused on the shopping behavior of consumers who buy products in the shopping chain COOP Jednota. The main goal was the analysis of motivational and purchasing behavior of consumers and statistical evaluation of independence between observed features. We obtained data for the analysis by the method of questionnaire and we evaluated the answers of the respondents focused on four research questions. We applied -test of independence to determine dependence between these statistical features: respondent's education, frequency of respondent's purchases, effect of advertising on purchasing of consumers, and amount of the monthly payment for the purchase. Results confirmed that there is dependence between the respondent's education and the frequency of purchases in the mentioned shopping chain. The dependence was not approved in the following three cases: between the respondent's education and the incentive effect of advertising on purchases; between the respondent's education and the monthly payment for the purchase, and between the frequency of purchases in the COOP Jednota chain and the motivational effect of advertising on the respondent's purchase.
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Kusumawardani, Ambar Rukmi Dyah, Jono M. Munandar i Mukhamad Najib. "PENGARUH SEPULUH EKUITAS MEREK TERHADAP MINAT BELI DAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SEPATU BATA BERDASARKAN SIKAP KONSUMEN". MIX: JURNAL ILMIAH MANAJEMEN 8, nr 2 (12.07.2018): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/mix.2018.v8i2.007.
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Abstract. Bata shoes was the first top brand Indonesia in 2015-2017, however, Bata’s selling rate come through decreased. The purpose of this study was to analyze brand equity ten influence towards purchase intention and purchase decision. Technique of sampling method in this research was quota purposive sampling. Total sample size was 200 respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and Structural Equation Model (SEM) version 3.2.1 SMART PLS. This study shows that purchase intention of hedonistic consumers is influenced by brand awareness, brand associations, and brand loyalty. Purchase intention has influence on current purchase and future purchase. Current purchases of hedonistic consumers has influence on future purchases. Purchase intention of utilitarian consumers is influenced by perceived quality and brand loyalty. Meanwhile, purchase intention affects current purchase. In addition, future purchases of utilitarian consumers is influenced by current purchases. Thus, the results of this research would benefit to PT Bata, Tbk as considerating on formulating strategy of strong brand building in increasing sale and facing market competition
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Khatamian, Houchang, i Alan Stevens. "Consumer Marketing Preferences for Nursery Stock". Journal of Environmental Horticulture 12, nr 1 (1.03.1994): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-12.1.47.
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Abstract Consumer preferences as influenced by type of packaging, size of container, and price when purchasing landscape/nursery plants were determined. From February to May 1991, nearly 1,100 questionnaires were completed through personal on-site interviews conducted at flower/garden shows and traditional garden centers. Consumers preferred by almost a two to one margin to purchase trees as balled & burlapped stock and by almost a three to one margin, to purchase shrubs in containers. Over 90% of respondants normally purchased nursery plants from garden centers where they make 60% of their plant purchases. Almost half, 48.6% of these same respondants also purchased nursery plants from discount stores where they made 22.8% of their plant purchases. In 1990, 45% of those surveyed spent $100–500 for nursery stock. Respondants were willing to spend an average of $98 on a single tree. The most important factors in purchasing nursery stock were plant quality, availability of professional help, and plant selection. Plant cost and size were less important.
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Kim, Dongyoup, i Yeosun Yoon. "The Influence of Consumer Purchases on Purchase-Related Happiness: A Serial Mediation of Commitment and Selective Information Processing". Behavioral Sciences 13, nr 5 (10.05.2023): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13050396.
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In the literature on material and experiential purchases, it has consistently been demonstrated that the relationship between the consumer’s purchase type and purchase-related happiness favors experiential purchases. This research aims to extend the literature by examining how experiential purchases lead to greater purchase-related happiness due to the individual’s processing of external information, especially in the online review context. An experiment was conducted to show that experiential purchases lead to greater commitment to decisions and a higher relative reliance on positive reviews (as opposed to negative reviews) than material purchases. The results of a serial mediation test indicate that such differences lead to greater purchase-related happiness. Based on these findings, we can deepen our understanding of the relationship between purchase type and purchase-related happiness from the perspective of information processing.
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Horodnic, Ioana Alexandra, Colin C. Williams, Alexandru Maxim, Iuliana Claudia Stoian, Oana Carmen Țugulea i Adrian V. Horodnic. "Knowing and Unknowing Purchases of Undeclared Healthcare Goods and Services: The Role of Vertical and Horizontal Trust". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 21 (3.11.2021): 11561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111561.
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Although major advances have been made in relation to explaining the supply side of the informal economy, this is not the case for the demand-side of the informal economy. This study analyses for the first time the purchasers of undeclared goods and services in the healthcare sector. To evaluate the purchase of undeclared healthcare goods and services, logistic regression analysis and robustness tests are used on 3048 interviews in Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Malta. The finding is that an important share of the purchasers make this type of purchase unknowingly. However, no difference in terms of socio-economics characteristics of those who knowingly and those who unknowingly made purchases of undeclared healthcare goods and services was identified. Meanwhile a significant influence of trust (in government and in other citizens) has been identified in relation to those who made these purchases knowingly. As such, policy measures aimed at decreasing unknowing purchases and at nurturing trust are discussed in the concluding section.
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Alanen, Virve, Sanna Iivanainen, Martti Arffman i Jussi Pekka Koivunen. "Tetracyclines increase the survival of NSCLC patients treated with EGFR TKIs: a retrospective nationwide registry study". ESMO Open 5, nr 5 (październik 2020): e000864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000864.
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BackgroundWith the first and second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), clinical benefit and rash correlate together. EGFR TKI-induced rash can be alleviated with tetracyclines, but it is unknown whether the use of tetracyclines can increase the survival of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with EGFR TKIs.MethodsWe collected all the patients (n=1271) who had reimbursement for EGFR TKIs (gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib) in Finland 2011–2016, had purchased TKIs, and had data available at nationwide cancer registry. The survival was analysed from the first EGFR TKI purchase to death or end-of follow-up, and patients were stratified according to TKIs, purchases of antibiotics, their ATC class and timing.Results802 (63.1%) patients had antibiotic purchases −14 to +200 days from the first EGFR TKI purchase, 447 of these tetracyclines. 322 (25.3%) had had purchased antibiotics −14 to +14 days (prophylaxis) from the first EGFR TKI purchase, 188 of these tetracyclines. Purchase of antibiotics was associated with improved survival (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.91), which limited to tetracycline purchases only (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.82). The largest survival benefit was seen with the prophylactic use of tetracyclines (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.88). The benefit from tetracyclines was limited to erlotinib only (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.78) which was retained in multivariate analysis. Prophylactic use of tetracyclines was associated with a longer erlotinib treatment duration (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.96) but not with dose reductions or treatment breaks.ConclusionsTetracyclines improve the survival of NSCLC patients treated with the first and second-generation EGFR TKIs and they should be considered as a prophylaxis when initiating EGFR TKIs with high incidence of rash.
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Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee, Sohyun Park, Leah M. Maynard, Heidi M. Blanck, Lisa C. McGuire i Janet L. Collins. "Parental Characteristics and Reasons Associated With Purchasing Kids’ Meals for Their Children". American Journal of Health Promotion 32, nr 2 (21.12.2016): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117116683797.
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Purpose: Characteristics of parents who purchased kids’ meals, reasons for the purchase, and desire for healthy options were examined. Design: Quantitative, cross-sectional study. Setting: National. Participants: The SummerStyles survey data of 1147 parents (≥18 years). Measures: Self-reported outcome variables were purchase of kids’ meals (yes/no), reasons for the purchase (13 choices), and desire for healthy options (yes/no). Analysis: We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for purchasing kids’ meals based on parental sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Results: Over half (51%) of parents reported purchasing kids’ meals in the past month. The adjusted OR of purchasing kids’ meals were significantly higher among younger parents (OR = 3.44 vs ≥50 years) and among parents who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) daily (OR = 2.70 vs none). No differences were found for race/ethnicity, income, and education. Parents who purchased kids’ meals reported that the top 3 reasons for purchase were (1) because their children asked for kids’ meals, (2) habit, and (3) offering of healthier sides such as fruits or fruit cups. Thirty-seven percent of parents who did not purchase kids’ meals expressed willingness to purchase kids’ meals if healthy options were available; this willingness was highest among younger parents (47%; P < .05). Conclusions: Kids’ meal purchases were somewhat common. Our findings on characteristics of parents who frequently bought kids’ meals (ie, younger parents and SSB consumers), common reasons for purchasing kids’ meals, and willingness to buy healthier kids’ meal can be used to inform intervention efforts to improve quality of kids’ meals.
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Schlepper, Kathi, Heiko Hofer, Ryan Riordan i Andreas Schrimpf. "The Market Microstructure of Central Bank Bond Purchases". Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 55, nr 1 (11.10.2018): 193–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109018001370.
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We study quantitative easing (QE) policies from a microstructure perspective, drawing on intraday transaction-level data for German bonds (purchased under the Eurosystem’s QE program). An initial analysis of purchase decisions reveals that portfolio managers consider liquidity and the scarcity of securities in repo markets. Suggestive of significant flow effects, we detect price impacts of purchases at high and low frequencies. We find the impact on market liquidity and functioning to be ambiguous. A higher purchase volume lowers transaction costs but has an adverse impact on order-book depth. The price impact varies with market conditions and is higher for more illiquid bonds.
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Balabanis, George, i Nikoletta-Theofania Siamagka. "Inconsistencies in the behavioural effects of consumer ethnocentrism". International Marketing Review 34, nr 2 (10.04.2017): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-03-2015-0057.
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Purpose Despite the well-established impact of consumer ethnocentrism (CET) on purchase intentions, extant literature offers limited evidence on actual purchase behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to address the gap by investigating the factors underlying variations in CET behaviour using reported brand purchases. Product category, product cost and visibility, brand and country of origin (COO) of purchased products are investigated for their impact on the differences in the behavioural effects of CET. Design/methodology/approach This study uses survey data collected in the USA from a sample of 468 consumers. Self-reported brand purchases are used and involve ten product categories, 432 brands, and 22 countries of origin. Logistic regressions for repeated measures are used to test the hypotheses formulated. Findings The results confirm that product category is an important determinant of the behavioural effects of CET. CET also has a significant impact on purchases of the most expensive product categories rather than frequently purchased convenient items. Contrary to existing empirical evidence, cultural similarity does not mitigate the negative effects of CET and product visibility does not strengthen the behavioural effect of CET. Practical implications The study results should enhance managers’ understanding of the determinants of ethnocentric behaviour. The results caution managers about the value of self-reported measures and indicate that product features other than COO may be more effective in mitigating the negative effects of CET. Originality/value This study contributes to extant literature on CET and COO by investigating, for the first time, the problem of inconsistent predictions of purchase behaviour in the context of foreign vs domestic brands. For this purpose, the study adopted a novel methodological approach to investigate actual brand purchases.
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Brumfield, Robin G., Adesoji O. Adelaja i Kimberly Lininger. "Consumer Tastes, Preferences, and Behavior in Purchasing Fresh Tomatoes". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 118, nr 3 (maj 1993): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.118.3.433.
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Face-to-face interviews of produce customers at Kings Super Markets in New Jersey yielded data on consumers' tastes and preferences, quantities purchased, and prices paid for fresh tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Purchase behavior indicated that during the local season, consumers preferred tomatoes grown in New Jersey to tomatoes from other origins. Data were fitted to demand equations to determine the factors affecting demand for fresh tomatoes. Tomato origin significantly influenced consumer purchases. Consumer perceptions of product characteristics such as color, freshness nutrition, and appearance do not appear to significantly influence tomato purchase patterns. However, prices of the) tomatoes or substitutes and income were important determinants of quantity purchased of both New Jersey grown and other tomatoes. New Jersey grown tomatoes were generally perceived to be of superior quality.
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Cortes, Armando, Megan Park i Bryan C. McCarthy. "Drug purchase price volatility in an academic medical center". American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 78, Supplement_2 (16.03.2021): S33—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxaa422.
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Abstract Purpose Inpatient drug purchase price trends at an 811-bed academic medical center are described. Summary Recent highly publicized drug price increases by pharmaceutical manufacturers have generated public interest in regulatory solutions to reduce drug costs. Monitoring drug price changes through internal dashboards has been demonstrated to aid in purchasing decisions to reduce the impact of drug price changes on inpatient pharmacy drug budgets. In this research, University of Chicago Medicine created an internal dashboard to detail specific inpatient drug purchase price trends. Dashboard data input included all medications purchased through the organization’s group purchasing organization over a 25-month time frame. A total of 69,245 drug purchases of 2,432 unique medications and/or dosage strengths were analyzed in the study. Within the 25-month time period, 706 medications (29%) had a net drug purchase price increase, while 898 (37%) had a net drug purchase price decrease. The range of net price percentage changes for medications with price increases was 0.01% to 733.6%; the range for medications with price decreases was 0.01% to 97.5%. Conclusion Relative to previous purchase prices, drug purchase prices decreased or remained the same more often than they increased over a 25-month time frame. However, drug purchase price percentage changes were far greater for medications whose prices increased rather than decreased.
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Atmaja, Dodi Ria, Mohamad Rizan, Karuniana Dianta A. Sebayang i Setyo Ferry Wibowo. "Unveiling the Mediating Role of Brand Image in the Relationship between Celebrity Endorsements and Purchase Intention". International Journal of Management and Development Studies 13, nr 4 (30.04.2024): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53983/ijmds.v13n4.003.
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This study explores the significant role of celebrity endorsement and brand image in influencing consumers' purchase intention for skincare products. The results show that celebrity endorsement effectively attracts customers' attention. Social media platforms like TikTok serve as a means for celebrities to showcase and demonstrate the benefits of the skincare products they endorse. The content uploaded on TikTok arouses consumers' curiosity and desire to purchase the products. A strong brand image is also proven to increase purchase intention. Customers' positive judgments help build a favorable brand image. The TikTok Shop feature facilitates consumers in finding and buying the desired skincare products. Brands with uniqueness in terms of names, logos, colors, and attractive product packaging are more easily recognized and remembered by consumers, encouraging repeat purchases. Demographic data indicates three skincare brands dominate as customers' purchased products, likely due to the support of celebrity promotions and appropriate social media marketing. This finding aligns with previous research stating that celebrity endorsement is a powerful tool for marketers in increasing purchase intention when executed carefully. Brand image mediates the relationship between celebrity endorsement and purchase intention through enhanced perceptions of product quality and value perceived by consumers.
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Ng, Shu Wen, Juan A. Rivera, Barry M. Popkin i M. Arantxa Colchero. "Did high sugar-sweetened beverage purchasers respond differently to the excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Mexico?" Public Health Nutrition 22, nr 4 (14.12.2018): 750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001800321x.
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AbstractObjectiveTo estimate changes in taxed and untaxed beverages by volume of beverage purchased after a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax was introduced in 2014 in Mexico.DesignWe used household purchase data from January 2012 to December 2015. We first classified the sample into four groups based on pre-tax purchases of beverages: (i) higher purchases of taxed beverages and lower purchases of untaxed beverages (HTLU-unhealthier); (ii) higher purchases of both types of beverages (HTHU); (iii) lower purchases of taxed and untaxed beverages (LTLU); and (iv) lower purchases of taxed beverages and higher purchases of untaxed beverages (LTHU-healthier). Next, we estimated differences in purchases after the tax was implemented for each group compared with a counterfactual based on pre-tax trends using a fixed-effects model.SettingAreas with more than 50 000 residents in Mexico.ParticipantsHouseholds (n 6089).ResultsThe HTLU-unhealthier and HTHU groups had the largest absolute and relative reductions in taxed beverages and increased their purchases of untaxed beverages. Households with lower purchases of untaxed beverages (HTLU-unhealthier and LTLU) had the largest absolute and relative increases in untaxed beverages. We also found that among households with higher purchases of taxed beverages, the group with lowest socio-economic status had the greatest reduction in purchases of taxed beverages.ConclusionsEvidence associating the SSB tax with larger reductions among high purchasers of taxed beverages prior to the tax is relevant, as higher SSB purchasers have a greater risk of obesity, diabetes and other cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Kim, Hongsub, Yeosun Yoon i Byoungsoo Kim. "The Effect of Power Distance Belief on the Evaluation of Experiential and Material Purchases". Behavioral Sciences 13, nr 4 (6.04.2023): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13040314.
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Depending on the level of power distance belief (PDB), individuals have different motivations to compare themselves with other people. This study suggests that the relationship between purchase type (material versus experiential) and purchase evaluation is moderated by PDB. Furthermore, the effect of purchase type and PDB on purchase evaluation is mediated through comparison motivation. To investigate the effect of PDB on the evaluation, we conducted two experiments by manipulating a 2 (purchase type: material vs. experiential purchase) × 2 (PDB: low vs. high) between-subjects design. In the case of experiential purchases, individuals with high PDB exhibit lower purchase evaluations than those with low PDB, as they are more inclined to compare these with other experiential goods (study 1). Conversely, under material purchases, the impact of PDB on purchase evaluation does not differ as material purchases already motivate individuals to compare other material goods (study 1). Additionally, individuals with high PDB are more motivated to compare purchases due to their greater need for structure (study 2). Our findings provide guidelines for the development of advertising strategy with social networking services and live-streaming commerce platforms.
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BESSOUH, NADIRA, AHMED MIR i ALI IZNASNI. "A TEST OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUYING IMPULSIVENESS AND IMPULSE PURCHASES". International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, nr 5 (31.05.2015): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss5.361.
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This research work aims to show the contribution of individual factors, specifically the buying impulsiveness, to making an impulse purchase. For this purpose, Rook and Fisher’s scale (1995) is proposed to measure the level of impulsive purchase in Algerian buyers. Following an empirical study done on 385 impulse purchasers, it was possible to see that consumers are more impulsive when they experience high levels of impulsivity. These results would help managers attract customers and lower their guards, as a result of several stimuli, to push them make emotional and functional impulse purchases.
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Pratiwi, Dewianti Surya, i Yudhiet Fajar Dewantara. "Faktor Faktor yang Memengaruhi Minat Beli Ulang di Digerati House Bekasi". J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 8, nr 2 (10.10.2023): 1696. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v8i2.1447.
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There are many factors that can influence consumer attitudes when making a purchase of a product or service, and when consumers are satisfied with the product or services purchased, it can imply on the intensity of making re-purchase in the future. Based on observations and reviews, there are 3 (three) most dominant factors of customer satisfaction that can affect interest in re-purchase and supported by increased sales in the coffee menu category. The aim of this study is to know the great influence of servicescape, campaign messages, and quality of coffee products on re-buy interest in Digerati House Bekasi. The research method used is quantitative using the method of analysis PLS (Partial Least Square), the sample in this study amounted to 100 respondents with the criterion of having made purchases more than 2 (two) times in Digarati House bekasi. The results of this study were that servicescape had a positive and significant influence on re-purchase intention with Tstatistic > Ttable (4,186 > 1,984) and p-value < 0,05, campaign messages had a significant and positive influence on re-purchase intention with TStatistic> Ttable (2,291 > 1, 984) and the p-value was < 0,05 and the quality of coffee products had a positive and significant influecne on re-purchase intention with Tstatistic > Ttabel (2,175 > 1, 984) and p-value < 0, 05.
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Narem, Diane M., Mary Hockenberry Meyer, Chengyan Yue i Nicole Roth. "Point of Sale Displays Influence Consumer Decisions to Purchase Native Grasses". HortTechnology 28, nr 6 (grudzień 2018): 748–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04124-18.
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The demand for native plants has been increasing as consumers exhibit stronger interest in sustainable gardening and landscaping. To determine whether point of sale (POS) displays increased consumer knowledge of native grass (Poaceae) benefits and affected consumer purchases, a marketing study was conducted over 2 years at five garden centers in Minnesota. A POS display poster and plant tags listing four benefits of native grasses were displayed at the garden centers in 2016 and 2017. We surveyed 341 consumers at these garden centers to understand consumer knowledge of native grasses and the influence of the POS display. Respondents totaled 84 (30.7%) who indicated they had bought a native grass that day, and of those 84, 54 (64.3%) had seen the display. The binary probit model estimates showed that seeing the POS display increased the likelihood of a native grass purchase. If a consumer had previously purchased a native grass, they were more likely to purchase a native grass again. Consumers who expressed a greater willingness to purchase native grasses based on their environmental benefits were more likely to purchase a native grass. However, neither the level of knowledge that consumers possessed about native grasses nor demographics significantly increased likelihood of purchase.
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Jin, Wen-Jie, Dal-Ho Lim i Young-Ae Shin. "E ffects of Consumption Characteristics of Overseas Direct Purchase Consumers on Repurchase Intention: Focused on the Moderating Effect of ESG Management". Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association 98 (28.02.2023): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46396/kjem..98.4.
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Purpose: This study investigated the status of Chinese consumers using overseas direct purchases during the COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of 2022, and was based on previous studies related to the consumption characteristics, platform characteristics, and ESG management of Chinese consumers directly purchased overseas, and analyzes the moderating effect of Chinese consumers on ESG management of overseas direct purchase platform operators, that is, whether they recognize ESG management, and the impact of each factor on purchase intention and repurchase intention.
Research design, data, and methodology: In order to achieve the study, a survey was conducted on Chinese consumers who had overseas direct purchase experience in the first half of 2022. An empirical analysis was conducted with a statistical package (SPSS 26.0) using the collected questionnaire data.
Results: The results showed that Chinese consumers’ consumption characteristics were divided into diversity pursuit, consumption value, innovation all factors other than had a significant positive effect.
Implications: In terms of the moderating effect of ESG management, diversity pursuit, price competitiveness, and shopping convenience did not show a significant moderating effect on Chinese consumers’ purchase intention and repurchase intention, while consumption value, innovation, payment safety, and logistics services showed a significant positive (+) moderating effect on Chinese consumers’ purchase intention.
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Zaharia, Noni, Rui Biscaia, Dianna Gray i David Stotlar. "No More “Good” Intentions: Purchase Behaviors in Sponsorship". Journal of Sport Management 30, nr 2 (marzec 2016): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2015-0347.
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The growth of sport sponsorship has led to an increase in the number of studies measuring sponsorship outcomes in different sport settings. Most studies, however, have focused on understanding the factors leading to purchase intentions. A more accurate assessment of sponsorship effectiveness would come through measuring actual purchase behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine a sport sponsorship model that included awareness, fit, attitude toward the sponsor, past purchases, purchase intentions, and actual purchases. Data were collected via longitudinal web surveys conducted with soccer fans from the United States. The results of a structural equation model provided evidence that the relationships among the analyzed sponsorship outcomes did not have a significant effect on actual purchase behaviors. The discussion includes questions about the impact of sponsorship variables such as awareness, fit, attitude toward the sponsor, purchase intentions, and past purchases on actual purchase behaviors.
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Yue, Chengyan, i Bridget K. Behe. "Consumer Color Preferences for Single-stem Cut Flowers on Calendar Holidays and Noncalendar Occasions". HortScience 45, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.45.1.78.
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Flower color is a dominant attribute of fresh flowers, likely playing a key role in purchase preference. Several prior studies showed flower color preference differed by gender, but other information on color preferences is sparse. Data for this study were collected by the Ipsos-National Panel Diary Group for the American Floral Endowment, which maintained an extensive panel of consumer transactions from 1992 to 2005, including floral purchases. Multinomial logit analysis of single-stem cut flower purchases showed that men and women differed in their cut flower color preferences but that flower color preference also varied with demographic characteristics and by occasion. We grouped colors into six categories: BluePurple, RedBronze, PeachPink, White, Yellow, and Other. The highest percentage of flowers purchased were RedBronze (34%), whereas the lowest percentage of flowers were Yellow (10.01%) with Other flower colors accounting for less than 5% of purchases. Although women used a more diverse color palette, both men and women were more likely to buy RedBronze flowers for an anniversary and buy PeachPink flowers for Mother's Day. Between 1992 and 2005, women were less likely to purchase PeachPink flowers and men were less likely to purchase RedBronze over time. Overall demand for BluePurple and Yellow flower colors increased over time, whereas the demand for other color categories decreased over time.
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M, SAKTHIVEL MURUGAN, i SHANTHI R M. "Issues relating to purchase and post purchase behaviour". Journal of Management and Science 1, nr 3 (30.12.2012): 226–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2012.27.
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Consumer is the king and it is the consumer who determines what a business is. The wealth of products and services produced in a country make our economy strong. Almost all the products have a number of alternative supplies and the consumer should make a decision to buy products of a particular brand. Consumers make two types of purchases. Trial purchase and repeat purchases. If a consumer is induced to purchase for the first time, a smaller quantity than usual and with certain degree of hesitancy, it is termed as a product trial. In any event, the trial is the base of purchase behavior where intention is to evaluate a product through trial. On the other hand repeat purchase indicates the commitment on the part of the consumer towards the product, company and others. The purchase process marks the recognition of actual purchasing environment and its effect on the process. This is the stage where mental evaluation is translated into purchase activity at the point of purchase. The act of purchase can be affected by many factors. Time, mood, shopping experience, sales persons effectiveness, etc. But the consumer satisfaction is determined by the person’s overall feeling toward the product after purchase. Satisfaction is often determined by the degree to which a product’s performance is consistent with the consumer’s prior expectations of how well it will function. Product may be introduced by consumers into secondary markets during a process of lateral cycling. The purchase and post purchase are the last two stages of consumer decision making.While the purchase stage is more crucial from the manufacturers or marketer’s perspective, the post purchase behavior indicates the ultimate satisfaction perceived by consumers and has implications for marketers as a determinant of future purchase decisions.
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Nastiti, Dwi, Moh Fakhrurozi i Aditya Pratama. "Purchase Intention to Actual Purchasing of Halal Cosmetics in Indonesian Young Adults in The Covid-19 Pandemic". Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam 8, nr 1 (25.02.2022): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v8i1.4133.
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The Covid-19 outbreak initially had an impact on public health and began to penetrate the economy. Almost all industries were affected which caused many layoffs to occur. The cosmetic industry has become an anomaly, the Ministry of Industry pointed out, there has been an increase in online transactions for cosmetic products by up to 80 percent during this pandemic. This study aims to analyze several variables that can increase actual purchases during the Covid-19 pandemic on halal cosmetic products. Several variables that are thought to influence the actual purchase are perceived behavioral control, attitudes, and purchase intentions. This study uses a quantitative method with a population of young adult consumers who use cosmetics in Indonesia, with a sample of 400 respondents, with non-probability quota sampling, and a questionnaire with 14 question indicators. The data analysis used is SEM-PLS analysis using SmartPLS 3.3.3. The results show that the perceived behavioral and attitude control variables affect purchase intention, while the subjective norm variable does not affect purchase intention. Purchase intention has a significant effect on actual purchases during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study show that the perceived behavioral and attitude control variables have a significant effect on purchase intention, while the subjective norm variable does not affect purchase intention. This study also shows that purchase intention has a significant influence on actual purchases during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study show that the perceived behavioral and attitude control variables have a significant effect on purchase intention, while the subjective norm variable does not affect purchase intention. This study also shows that purchase intention has a significant influence on actual purchases during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Syaidatina Aisyah, Nabilla. "Pengaruh Manfaat, Kemudahan Penggunaan, dan Risiko yang Dirasakan Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Aktual pada Aplikasi Bibit". COMSERVA Indonesian Jurnal of Community Services and Development 2, nr 12 (25.04.2023): 2942–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v2i12.709.
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Development in the field of investment and financial technology is inevitable. Financial technology at this time provides services for beginners in investing. This study aims to increase knowledge about the effect of perceived benefits, perceived risks, perceived ease of use, trust, and online purchase intent on actual purchases in making investment purchases on the Bibit application. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires conducted from December 2022 to January 2023. Furthermore, this study used a non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling techniques, while the determination of the number of samples was carried out with a formula from Hair et al. (2019) so that the data that could be collected was 231 people. The data was processed using the Lisrel Structural Equation Model (SEM) to test the existing models in this study. The results of data processing show that perceived benefits have no influence on online purchase intention and actual purchase. Perceived risk has an influence on online purchase intention. Perceived risk has no effect on trust and actual purchases. Perceived ease of use has no effect on trust and online purchase intention. Trust has no influence on the actual purchase. Online purchase intention has a negative influence on actual purchases.
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Ding, Shuiping, Jie Lin i Zhenyu Zhang. "Influences of Reference Group on Users’ Purchase Intentions in Network Communities: From the Perspective of Trial Purchase and Upgrade Purchase". Sustainability 12, nr 24 (18.12.2020): 10619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410619.
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Reference group is an important factor influencing users’ purchase in the network communities. The reference group’s influences involve informative influence and normative influence, and users’ purchases are divided into the trial purchase and upgrade purchase. In different purchases, users have different product information, consumer experience, and purchase attitudes, making different responses to the reference group. Thus, a research model of reference groups’ influences on users’ purchase intentions from the perspective of trial purchase and upgrade purchase is constructed. The model and hypotheses are tested by analyzing 349 valid questionnaires. The results indicate that both informative and normative influences have significant positive effects on users’ trial purchase intentions. Informative influence has a significant positive effect on users’ upgrade intentions, while the normative influence on users’ upgrade purchase intentions is not significant. Both informative influence and normative influence have significant positive effects on trust in the product. Trust in the product has a significant positive effect on trial purchase intentions, but its effect on upgrade purchase intentions is not significant. Purchase involvement positively regulates the relationship between informative influence and trial purchase intentions and negatively regulates the relationship between informative influence and upgrade purchase intentions. The results further enrich the theoretical system of users’ purchase behaviors in a virtual environment. The research can also have important implications for network communities wishing to improve online marketing.
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Makate, Clifton, i Marshall Makate. "Do Rainfall Shocks Prompt Commercial Input Purchases Amongst Smallholder Farmers in Diverse Regions and Environments in Malawi?" Sustainability 14, nr 22 (11.11.2022): 14904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214904.
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The ability of farmers to acquire inputs through purchase from available markets empowers them with the autonomy and capacity to diversify inputs, consequently enhancing the resilience of their cropping activities to various shocks. This paper investigates whether climate shocks, particularly rainfall shocks, influence commercial input purchase decisions by smallholder farmers in contrasting geographic regions in Malawi, with a particular emphasis on fertilizer, agrochemicals, seed, and labor. The empirical approach integrates historical weather information, climate shock perceptions with a longitudinal household survey data set to model commercial input purchasing decisions using appropriate latent variable models. The findings suggest that exposure to recent rainfall shocks, especially droughts, stimulates commercial input purchasing across regions, especially in drier central and southern regions of Malawi. This result holds true for general input purchase decisions and for specific inputs such as agrochemicals, fertilizer, seed, and labor. Although drought shocks considerably increase the probability of acquiring inputs through purchase, they occasionally diminish the intensity of purchases. Both objective and subjective measures of lagged rainfall shocks are revealed as significant determinants of commercial input purchases across regions in Malawi. In addition to regional heterogeneity findings, further analysis shows that the relatively wealthier, male-headed families and those with access to information are more likely to invest in purchased inputs in response to drought shocks. Scaling up policies that remove demand- and supply-side barriers to smallholder farmers’ access to commercial inputs from available markets is necessary for adaptation to rainfall shocks.
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Wang, Lingli, Qiang Yan i Wenjing Chen. "Drivers of purchase behavior and post-purchase evaluation in the Singles’ Day promotion". Journal of Consumer Marketing 36, nr 6 (9.09.2019): 835–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-08-2017-2335.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the strategies used by consumers to control themselves in the Singles’ Day promotion. It also examines how promotion and social influence affect consumers’ purchase behavior and post-purchase evaluation. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods approach including a quantitative study (N = 480) and a follow-up qualitative study (N = 35) was conducted to verify the hypotheses and provide deeper insights. Findings This study demonstrates that consumers allocate in-store slack in shopping budgets to restrict unplanned purchases and in-store slack is positively related to post-purchase evaluation. Social influence, which helps consumers rationalize purchase decisions, has positive effects on planned purchases and post-purchase evaluation. Both promotion strength and promotion range moderate the relationship between in-store slack and unplanned purchases. Originality/value Most studies investigate how promotion designs affect consumers’ in-store decision-making. This study focuses on the Singles’ Day promotion in China and examines the tactics consumers use to control purchase behavior in the promotion.