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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Psychotic symptoms"
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Hides, L., S. Dawe, D. J. Kavanagh i R. M. Young. "Psychotic symptom and cannabis relapse in recent-onset psychosis". British Journal of Psychiatry 189, nr 2 (sierpień 2006): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.014308.
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BackgroundCannabis use appears to exacerbate psychotic symptoms and increase risk of psychotic relapse. However, the relative contribution of cannabis use compared with other risk factors is unclear. The influence of psychotic symptoms on cannabis use has received little attention.AimsTo examine the influence of cannabis use on psychotic symptom relapse and the influence of psychotic symptom severity on relapse in cannabis use in the 6 months following hospital admission.MethodAt baseline, 84 participants with recent-onset psychosis were assessed and 81 were followed up weekly for 6 months, using telephone and face-to-face interviews.ResultsA higher frequency of cannabis use was predictive of psychotic relapse, after controlling for medication adherence, other substance use and duration of untreated psychosis. An increase in psychotic symptoms was predictive of relapse to cannabis use, and medication adherence reduced cannabis relapse risk.ConclusionsThe relationship between cannabis use and psychosis may be bidirectional, highlighting the need for early intervention programmes to target cannabis use and psychotic symptom severity in this population.
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Ballard, Clive, J. O'Brien, Bernie Coope, A. Fairbairn, Farzhana Abid i Gordon Wilcock. "A Prospective Study of Psychotic Symptoms in Dementia Sufferers: Psychosis in Dementia". International Psychogeriatrics 9, nr 1 (marzec 1997): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610297004201.
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Eighty-seven out of a clinical cohort of 124 patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.) dementia were followed up at monthly intervals for 1 year. Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Burns's Symptom Checklist, and cognitive functioning was evaluated with the CAMCOG. The annual incidence rate of psychotic symptoms was 47%, although many of the incident symptoms lasted less than 3 months. Fifty-three percent of patients with psychosis experienced resolution of their symptoms. Patients either experienced brief or persistent psychotic disorders, with few having an intermediary course. Persistent psychosis was significantly associated with a 3-month duration of symptoms at baseline. Neuroleptics did not significantly influence the course of psychotic symptoms.
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MR, Anitha, i Vijayanath V. "Tattooed Individuals with Psychotic Symptoms". Indian Journal of Anatomy 8, nr 3 (2019): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.8319.2.
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Taylor, Pamela J. "Motives for Offending among Violent and Psychotic Men". British Journal of Psychiatry 147, nr 5 (listopad 1985): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.147.5.491.
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Two hundred and three male remanded prisoners were interviewed with respect to their current offence, mental state, and social and psychiatric histories. All but nine of the sub-group of 121 psychotic men showed active symptoms at the time of committing a criminal offence; 20% of the actively ill psychotics were directly driven to offend by their psychotic symptoms, and a further 26% probably so. If some of the indirect consequences of the psychosis were taken into account, 82% of their offences were probably attributable to the illness. Among the normal and neurotic men, none claimed psychotic motives for offending, but motives suggesting high emotional arousal such as panic or retaliation triggered the greatest violence. Within the psychotic group, those driven to offend by their delusions were most likely to have been seriously violent, and psychotic symptoms probably accounted directly for most of the very violent behaviour.
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Knolle, Franziska, Sara Garofalo, Roberto Viviani, Anna Ermakova i Graham Murray. "M145. ALTERED SUBCORTICAL EMOTIONAL SALIENCE PROCESSING AND A ‘JUMPING TO CONCLUSIONS’ BIAS IN PARKINSON’S PATIENTS WITH PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS". Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (kwiecień 2020): S190—S191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.457.
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Abstract Background Current research does not provide a clear explanation for why some patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) develop psychotic symptoms. In schizophrenia research the ‘aberrant salience hypothesis’ of psychosis has been influential in explaining the development of psychotic symptoms. The theory proposes that dopaminergic dysregulation leads to inappropriate attribution of salience to otherwise irrelevant or non-informative stimuli, facilitating the formation of hallucinations and delusions, by providing irrational explanations. However, this theory has received very limited attention in the context of PD-psychosis. Methods In the study, we investigated salience processing in 14 PD-patients with psychotic symptoms, 23 PD-patients without psychotic symptoms and 19 healthy controls. All patients received dopaminergic medication. There was no difference in the medication dose between the two patient groups. We examined emotional salience using a visual oddball fMRI paradigm that has been used to investigate early stages of schizophrenia spectrum psychosis, controlling for resting cerebral blood flow (arterial spin labelling fMRI). Furthermore, a subgroup of the two patient groups complete a behavioural ‘jumping to conclusions’ task. Results We found significant differences in brain responses to emotional salience between the two patient groups. PD-patients with psychotic symptoms revealed enhanced brain responses in the striatum, the hippocampus and the amygdala compared to patients without psychotic symptoms. PD-patients with psychotic symptoms showed significant correlations between the levels of dopaminergic drugs they were taking and BOLD signalling, as well as psychotic symptom scores. Furthermore, our data provide first indications for dysfunctional top-down processes, measured in a ‘jumping to conclusions’ bias. Discussion Our study suggests that enhanced signalling in the striatum, hippocampus and amygdala together with deficient top-down cognitive regulations is associated with the development of psychotic symptoms in PD, similarly to that proposed in the ‘aberrant salience hypothesis’ of psychosis in schizophrenia.
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Aleshkina, G., M. Pugacheva i L. Bardenshteyn. "Negative symptoms of schizophrenia in patients with acute and transient psychotic disorders". European Psychiatry 64, S1 (kwiecień 2021): S802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2121.
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IntroductionThe ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPD, F23) without symptoms of schizophrenia are considered predominantly reactive psychotic disorders or affective pathology. However, negative symptoms of schizophrenia may be revealed in some of these cases after the psychotic reduction.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between the developmental characteristics of psychosis and the negative symptoms detection after the psychotic reduction of ATPD without symptoms of schizophrenia.Methods68 adult inpatients with ATPD without symptoms of schizophrenia (F23.0) were examined. Negative symptoms were assessed with the PANSS negative symptom subscale (PANSS-NSS). The sample was divided into two groups: with PANSS-NSS score>14 (n=12) and with PANSS-NSS score≤14 (n=56), respectively. Clinical-psychopathological, psychometric and statistical methods were applied.ResultsThe results of the study are presented in Table 1.Table 1. The ATPD developmental featuresFeaturesThe 1st group (n=12)The 2nd group (n=56)Pearson’s contingency coefficient (C)Males7 (58,3%)37 (66,1%)0.062Females5 (41,7%)19 (33,9%)0.062Mean age of psychotic onset, years (М±m)24,9±10,530,8±10,2-Family history of schizophrenia*4 (33,3%)1 (1,8%)0.418Poor premorbid social adaptation*5 (41,7%)00.520Prodromal functional decline*9 (75,0%)4 (7,1%)0.550Prodromal non-psychotic symptoms9 (75,0%)30 (53,6%)0.163Associated acute stress4 (33,3%)27 (48,2%)0.113*p<0,001ConclusionsThe probability of negative symptoms detection in ATPD without symptoms of schizophrenia is relatively strongly associated with the family history of schizophrenia, poor premorbid social adaptation and functional decline prior to the psychotic onset.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Lindley, Steven E., Eve Carlson i Javaid Sheikh. "Psychotic Symptoms in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder". CNS Spectrums 5, nr 9 (wrzesień 2000): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900021659.
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AbstractRecent data suggest that the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may represent an underrecognized and unique subtype of PTSD. Among combat veterans with PTSD, 30% to 40% report auditory or visual hallucinations and/or delusions. The presence of psychotic symptoms in PTSD is associated with a more severe level of psychopathology, similar to that of chronic schizophrenia. In this review, the differential diagnosis of psychotic symptoms in PTSD is discussed, including possible comorbid schizophrenia, psychotic depression, substance-induced psychosis, and personality disorder. A recent biologic study supporting the existence of a unique subtype of PTSD with psychotic features is also addressed, as are the similarities between PTSD with psychotic features and psychotic depression disorder. Finally, data on the treatment implications of psychotic symptoms in PTSD are presented. The intriguing recent findings on psychotic symptoms in PTSD need further investigation in noncombat-related PTSD populations before findings can be generalized to all individuals with PTSD.
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Palomäki, Johanna, Martta Kerkelä, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Peter Jones, Graham Murray, Tanja Nordström, Sebastian Therman i Juha Veijola. "M29. SPECIFIC SYMPTOMS IN ADOLESCENCE PREDICT PSYCHOSIS IN THE NORTHERN FINLAND BIRTH COHORT 1986". Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (kwiecień 2020): S145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.341.
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Abstract Background A number of psychological symptoms have been found to predict psychosis. Many studies have found no specificity to separate symptoms predicting non-psychotic psychiatric disorders from those predicting psychotic disorders. Prodromal symptoms are non-specific problems often preceding frank psychosis. Previously prodromal symptoms have been studied mainly retrospectively or in high-risk clinical populations. We were able to conduct prospective study comparing adolescent symptoms predicting non-psychotic psychiatric disorders and psychotic psychiatric disorders. Methods Members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 were asked to fill in PROD-screen questionnaire at age 15–16 years. PROD-screen includes 21 items both measuring positive prodromal symptoms, negative prodromal symptoms and general symptoms. We were able to follow 5,368 participants using Finnish Hospital Discharge Register detecting new hospital treated mental disorders till 30 years. Results Subjects who developed psychosis had significantly more commonly positive and negative symptoms than subjects without psychiatric disorder or subjects who developed non-psychotic disorder. When comparing separate symptoms in those having psychiatric hospital treatments, we found three positive symptoms and three negative symptoms predicting specifically psychotic disorders. After adjusting for confounders, the symptoms predicting psychosis were: Difficulty in controlling one’s speech, behavior or facial expression while communicating, Difficulties in understanding written text or speech heard, Feelings, thoughts or behaviors that could be considered weird or peculiar. Three of the negative symptoms also predicted psychosis: Difficulty or uncertainty in making contact with other people, Lack of initiative or difficulty in completing tasks, Difficulties in carrying out ordinary routine activities (at least one week). Discussion In this large prospective population sample both positive and negative symptoms in adolescence associated specifically with development of first episode psychosis compared to hospital treated non-psychotic disorders. This finding is in line with the other prospective general population follow-up studies. The main contribution of our study to the literature is that we had the possibility to compare the subjects who developed clinically real hospital-treated psychosis not only to healthy comparison subjects but also to subjects who developed non-psychotic psychiatric disorder.
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Brandão, D., i J. Massano. "Frontotemporal dementia and psychosis: Literature review". European Psychiatry 33, S1 (marzec 2016): S367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1315.
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IntroductionFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease especially sporadic. About 30–40% have positive family history, with an identifiable genetic mutation in a percentage of cases increasing. Although the FTD psychosis has been recognized for many years, it is not included in the clinical criteria.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and characteristics of psychotic symptoms in FTD, compare the presence of psychosis in FTD C9+ versus C9− and analyze the occurrence of wrong diagnoses in FTD with psychosis.MethodsLiterature review, using computerized databases (Pubmed®). Articles were selected based on the content of their abstract and their relevance.ResultsIt is frequently the presence of psychotic symptoms in FTD associated with C9+ versus C9−. These may arise as initial symptom often leading to a psychiatric diagnosis years before obtaining diagnosis of FTD. There is no conclusive evidence about the anatomical correlation of psychotic features in the FTD, although there is the possible association with the right brain degeneration.ConclusionsThe existence of psychotic symptoms do not argues against the diagnosis of FTD verifying a high frequency of psychosis in FTD – C9+. As can be the first symptom in FTD is critical to differentiate psychiatric disorders. Further studies are needed in order to obtain a better characterization of psychotic symptoms in FTD – C9+.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Goodwin, G. M., D. A. W. Johnson i R. G. McCreadie. "Comments on the Northwick Park ‘Functional’ Psychosis Study". British Journal of Psychiatry 154, nr 3 (marzec 1989): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.3.406.
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“Functional psychosis is conventionally subdivided into schizophrenia and manic depressive psychosis. Response to treatment is assumed to be a validating criterion for these diagnoses. The efficacy of pimozide (a dopamine antagonist neuroleptic), lithium, and a combination of the two was compared with that of placebo in a 4-week trial in 120 functionally psychotic patients, each of whom was assessed for psychotic symptoms, manic symptoms, and depressive symptoms. The sample was subdivided into patients with predominantly elevated mood, predominantly depressed mood, and no consistent mood change. Pimozide reduced psychotic symptoms in all groups of patients. The only significant effect of lithium was to reduce elevated mood. Thus dopamine blockade seems relevant to the resolution of psychotic symptoms in all types of ‘functional’ psychosis, but the mode of action of lithium in psychotic patients concerns only mood. Application of standardised classifications of functional psychosis to these data did not change this conclusion.”
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Psychotic symptoms"
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Sandt, Arthur Ralph. "Hedonic Functioning and Subthreshold Psychotic Symptoms". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/164124.
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PsychologyPh.D.
Schizophrenia is a debilitating disorder with an array of affective, cognitive, and behavioral consequences. In addition to these impairments, research suggests that there is a distinct pattern of hedonic functioning in schizophrenia that may contribute to some of the most intractable symptoms of the disorder, the negative symptoms. Specifically, individuals with schizophrenia appear to experience deficient levels of pleasure during anticipation of a pleasurable stimulus, while experiencing typical levels of pleasure while directly engaged with a pleasurable stimulus. Despite these findings, it is unclear whether hedonic functioning deficits occur in individuals with subthreshold levels of psychotic symptoms and/or in individuals at clinical high risk for the disorder. The purpose of this study was to examine hedonic functioning in relation to the continuum of psychotic symptoms in a college undergraduate student sample, and in those at clinical risk for schizophrenia. Participants were 679 students who completed self-report measures of current psychotic-like experiences, and trait-like components of hedonic functioning (i.e., anticipatory and consummatory pleasure). Consistent with study hypotheses, deficits in anticipatory pleasure, but not in consummatory pleasure, were significantly associated with increased clinical risk for schizophrenia. However, this relation was found exclusively among women in the sample, whereas men did not show a significant relation between anticipatory pleasure deficits and clinical high-risk. Furthermore, anticipatory pleasure deficits were not significantly associated with increases in the number of positive psychotic symptoms endorsed. Moreover, consummatory pleasure was not associated with increases in the number of subthreshold positive psychotic symptoms, nor was there a relation with the number of distressing positive psychotic symptoms or clinical risk status. The present study provides the first examination of the relation between hedonic functioning and subthreshold psychotic symptoms, as well as the relation with clinical high-risk for psychosis. These findings suggest that anticipatory pleasure deficits may be more closely related to increased clinical risk for psychosis among women rather than increases in psychotic symptoms in the general population. Anticipatory pleasure deficits may be a useful target for intervention and prevention techniques among those at clinical risk for psychosis, especially in female at risk populations. Additional longitudinal studies will be essential for testing whether anticipatory pleasure deficits predict the occurrence of future psychotic disorders among those at high risk for the disorder in order to improve early identification and early intervention efforts in this population.
Temple University--Theses
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Spauwen, Janneke, Lydia Krabbendam, Roselind Lieb, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen i Os Jim van. "Impact of psychological trauma on the development of psychotic symptoms: relationship with psychosis proneness". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-108608.
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Background. The reported link between psychological trauma and onset of psychosis remains controversial.
Aims. To examine associations between self-reported psychological trauma and psychotic symptoms as a function of prior evidence of vulnerability to psychosis (psychosis proneness).
Method. At baseline, 2524 adolescents aged 14-24 years provided self-reports on psychological trauma and psychosis proneness, and at follow-up (on average 42 months later) participants were interviewed for presence of psychotic symptoms.
Results. Self-reported trauma was associated with psychotic symptoms, in particular at more severe levels (adjusted OR1.89,95% CI1.16-3.08) and following trauma associated with intense fear, helplessness or horror. The risk difference between those with and without self-reported trauma at baseline was 7% in the group with baseline psychosis proneness, but only 1.8% in those without (adjusted test for difference between these two effect sizes: χ2=4.6, P=0.032).
Conclusions. Exposure to psychological trauma may increase the risk of psychotic symptoms in people vulnerable to psychosis.
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Spauwen, Janneke, Lydia Krabbendam, Roselind Lieb, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen i Os Jim van. "Impact of psychological trauma on the development of psychotic symptoms: relationship with psychosis proneness". Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26761.
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Background. The reported link between psychological trauma and onset of psychosis remains controversial.
Aims. To examine associations between self-reported psychological trauma and psychotic symptoms as a function of prior evidence of vulnerability to psychosis (psychosis proneness).
Method. At baseline, 2524 adolescents aged 14-24 years provided self-reports on psychological trauma and psychosis proneness, and at follow-up (on average 42 months later) participants were interviewed for presence of psychotic symptoms.
Results. Self-reported trauma was associated with psychotic symptoms, in particular at more severe levels (adjusted OR1.89,95% CI1.16-3.08) and following trauma associated with intense fear, helplessness or horror. The risk difference between those with and without self-reported trauma at baseline was 7% in the group with baseline psychosis proneness, but only 1.8% in those without (adjusted test for difference between these two effect sizes: χ2=4.6, P=0.032).
Conclusions. Exposure to psychological trauma may increase the risk of psychotic symptoms in people vulnerable to psychosis.
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Ballard, C. G. "Depression and psychotic symptoms in dementia sufferers". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34340.
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One hundred and twenty five patients with mild or moderate dementia according to the CAMDEX criteria, who were in contact with either a memory clinic or psychiatric services were assessed. Dementia was diagnosed according to the NINCDS ADRDA criteria, the Hachinski scale, DSMIIIR criteria, HAS AGECAT and the McKeith criteria for Senile Dementia of Lewy Body Type. Depression was diagnosed according to the DSMIIIR and RDC criteria and psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Bums Symptom Checklist. Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the CAMCOG schedule. Informants were interviewed at monthly intervals for one year concerning the symptoms of depression and psychotic symptoms experienced by the dementia sufferers. A repeat CAMCOG was undertaken one year after the initial assessment. The one month prevalence rates of delusions, visual hallucinations and delusional misidentification were 48.4%, 35.5% and 29.0% respectively. Each had a distinct pattern of associations, an impression supported by a principal components analysis which generated four psychotic factors, the three categories already discussed and comfort phenomena. Only sixteen patients had any insight into their psychotic symptoms and 61% were distressed by them. The annual incidence rate of psychotic symptoms was 46.7% and 53% of patients experienced symptom resolution. The number of months during which psychotic symptoms were experienced was significantly associated with the magnitude of cognitive deterioration. The one month prevalence rate of RDC major depression was 27.4%. An additional 27.4% of patients fulfilled the criteria for RDC minor depression. Having Alzheimer's disease was significantly inversely associated with both RDC major depression and DSMIIIR major depression. There were six patients with RDC depression in the context of vascular dementia, all of whom experienced depression for at least three months compared to only 33.3% of the patients with Alzheimer's disease. The annual incidence rate of RDC major depression was 10.6%.
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Spengler, Peter A., i Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Procedural validity of standardized symptom questions for the assessment of psychotic symptoms". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-103807.
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The study examines to what degree well-documented present and life-time psychotic symptoms in a group of former psychiatric inpatients are ascertained when using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). The Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Scale (IMPS) and the Manual for the Assessment and Documentation of Psychopathology/Diagnostische Sichtlochkartei (AMDP/DiaSika) Interview-Checklist approach were used for the “clinical” evaluations of symptoms. The results indicate fair concordance between the two clinical approaches and the DIS with regard to the presence of any delusional or hallucination symptoms. Low to poor agreement was found in the assessment of many of the rather specific hallucinations and delusions. Generally, the concordance found was higher when compared to the more clinical AMDP/DiaSiKa approach than to the IMPS. More detailed comparisons with diagnostic subgroups of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients substantiated the findings in the overall sample. Overall it was reconfirmed that the DIS approach is limited to those patients who are cooperative and at least partly remitted.
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Preston, Neil Joseph. "The causal predominance of psychotic experience". Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2307.
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The present study investigated the causal predominance of cognition on anxiety, depression, paranoia, phobia and somatic concern over three time waves of self reported data measured every six months over one year, of 145 cases experiencing their first episodes of psychosis. In turn the symptoms of anxiety, depression, paranoia, phobia and somatic concern were examined for their cross-influential effects on cognition. Cognition was examined under a causal predominance hypothesis as the lead symptom because of its influence recognised in the literature under the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. These longitudinal effects were examined using structural equation modelling. Prior to this investigation, the research was able to demonstrate a stable 6-factor measurement model with these symptoms between two independent samples of early psychosis cases that met guidelines of treatment under the Australian national early psychosis treatment guidelines. This measurement model demonstrated good internal reliability and construct validity. Most symptoms over each time wave had a "domino effect" where the symptom prior to the next wave of assessment had an influence. This is known as a mediation effect. Somatic concern and depression demonstrated a "snow ball" or direct effect where the extent of the condition at time one influenced directly the condition at time three. Structural models, which examined the cross-influential effect between cognition and the other symptoms, demonstrated an effect between paranoia and cognition. This effect demonstrated that paranoia at Time 2 (i.e., 6 months after stabilisation of symptoms), had a crossinfluential effect on cognition at Time 3 (ie, 12 months after stabilisation of symptoms).It was argued that poor thinking styles that lead to distortion in feelings of mistrust evident in the paranoia symptom, in turn led to deterioration in cognition. Other symptoms did not demonstrate a cross influential effect. Previous research suggesting that symptoms act independently of each other over time supports the results of independence of the other symptoms. Further research was suggested by linking different levels of psychosis research of the aetiological factors (e.g. genetic factors), neuropathology (e.g., reduced synapse density) and phenomenology (e.g., positive and negative symptoms) into an integrative framework. It was suggested that structural equation modelling as exemplified in the thesis could be used as a technique to examine how these differing levels could be investigated under a unified theory of psychosis based upon the neurodevelopmental hypothesis.
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Preston, Neil Joseph. "The causal predominance of psychotic experience". Curtin University of Technology, School of Psychology, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14961.
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The present study investigated the causal predominance of cognition on anxiety, depression, paranoia, phobia and somatic concern over three time waves of self reported data measured every six months over one year, of 145 cases experiencing their first episodes of psychosis. In turn the symptoms of anxiety, depression, paranoia, phobia and somatic concern were examined for their cross-influential effects on cognition. Cognition was examined under a causal predominance hypothesis as the lead symptom because of its influence recognised in the literature under the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. These longitudinal effects were examined using structural equation modelling. Prior to this investigation, the research was able to demonstrate a stable 6-factor measurement model with these symptoms between two independent samples of early psychosis cases that met guidelines of treatment under the Australian national early psychosis treatment guidelines. This measurement model demonstrated good internal reliability and construct validity. Most symptoms over each time wave had a "domino effect" where the symptom prior to the next wave of assessment had an influence. This is known as a mediation effect. Somatic concern and depression demonstrated a "snow ball" or direct effect where the extent of the condition at time one influenced directly the condition at time three. Structural models, which examined the cross-influential effect between cognition and the other symptoms, demonstrated an effect between paranoia and cognition. This effect demonstrated that paranoia at Time 2 (i.e., 6 months after stabilisation of symptoms), had a crossinfluential effect on cognition at Time 3 (ie, 12 months after stabilisation of symptoms).It was argued that poor thinking styles that lead to distortion in feelings of mistrust evident in the paranoia symptom, in turn led to deterioration in cognition. Other symptoms did not demonstrate a cross influential effect. Previous research suggesting that symptoms act independently of each other over time supports the results of independence of the other symptoms. Further research was suggested by linking different levels of psychosis research of the aetiological factors (e.g. genetic factors), neuropathology (e.g., reduced synapse density) and phenomenology (e.g., positive and negative symptoms) into an integrative framework. It was suggested that structural equation modelling as exemplified in the thesis could be used as a technique to examine how these differing levels could be investigated under a unified theory of psychosis based upon the neurodevelopmental hypothesis.
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Hides, Leanne, i n/a. "An Examination of the Influence of Cannabis Use on Psychotic Symptom Exacerbation and Relapse in Early Psychosis". Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030922.130049.
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There has been concern about the impact of cannabis use on the onset, course and relapse of psychosis. Evidence from retrospective and a small number of prospective studies has suggested that cannabis use may precipitate a latent psychosis, exacerbate psychotic symptoms and increase the likelihood of psychotic relapse. The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of cannabis use on psychotic symptom exacerbation and relapse within the stress vulnerability-coping model of psychosis. Two studies were conducted. The influence of cannabis use on the onset and course of psychosis was retrospectively examined in the first study. The second study prospectively examined the influence of cannabis use on psychotic symptom exacerbation and relapse over a 6-month period. The influence of the severity of psychotic symptoms on a relapse in cannabis use was also explored. Eighty-four participants were assessed at admission, 81 of whom were followed up for a 6-month period. Measures consisted of structured diagnostic interviews and self-report measures of stress, medication compliance, family functioning, premorbid adjustment, quality of life, substance use and psychotic symptoms. The onset of cannabis use clearly preceded the onset of psychosis. Cannabis use was predictive of the severity of psychotic and general psychopathology symptoms at admission. Both the frequency and quantity of cannabis use was predictive of time to psychotic relapse over the 6-month follow up period. Psychotic symptom severity was predictive of a substantial increase in the quantity but not the frequency of cannabis use. Cannabis use was related to the onset, course and relapse of psychosis.
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Hides, Leanne. "An Examination of the Influence of Cannabis Use on Psychotic Symptom Exacerbation and Relapse in Early Psychosis". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366456.
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There has been concern about the impact of cannabis use on the onset, course and relapse of psychosis. Evidence from retrospective and a small number of prospective studies has suggested that cannabis use may precipitate a latent psychosis, exacerbate psychotic symptoms and increase the likelihood of psychotic relapse. The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of cannabis use on psychotic symptom exacerbation and relapse within the stress vulnerability-coping model of psychosis. Two studies were conducted. The influence of cannabis use on the onset and course of psychosis was retrospectively examined in the first study. The second study prospectively examined the influence of cannabis use on psychotic symptom exacerbation and relapse over a 6-month period. The influence of the severity of psychotic symptoms on a relapse in cannabis use was also explored. Eighty-four participants were assessed at admission, 81 of whom were followed up for a 6-month period. Measures consisted of structured diagnostic interviews and self-report measures of stress, medication compliance, family functioning, premorbid adjustment, quality of life, substance use and psychotic symptoms. The onset of cannabis use clearly preceded the onset of psychosis. Cannabis use was predictive of the severity of psychotic and general psychopathology symptoms at admission. Both the frequency and quantity of cannabis use was predictive of time to psychotic relapse over the 6-month follow up period. Psychotic symptom severity was predictive of a substantial increase in the quantity but not the frequency of cannabis use. Cannabis use was related to the onset, course and relapse of psychosis.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Full Text
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Henquet, Cécile, Lydia Krabbendam, Janneke Spauwen, Charles Kaplan, Roselind Lieb, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen i Os Jim van. "Prospective cohort study of cannabis use, predisposition for psychosis, and psychotic symptoms in young people". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-120761.
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Objective: To investigate the relation between cannabis use and psychotic symptoms in individuals with above average predisposition for psychosis who first used cannabis during adolescence.
Design: Analysis of prospective data from a population based sample. Assessment of substance use, predisposition for psychosis, and psychotic symptoms was based on standardised personal interviews at baseline and at follow up four years later.
Participants: 2437 young people (aged 14 to 24 years) with and without predisposition for psychosis.
Main outcome measure: Psychotic symptoms at follow up as a function of cannabis use and predisposition for psychosis at baseline.
Results: After adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, urbanicity, childhood trauma, predisposition for psychosis at baseline, and use of other drugs, tobacco, and alcohol, cannabis use at baseline increased the cumulative incidence of psychotic symptoms at follow up four years later (adjusted odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to 2.46). The effect of cannabis use was much stronger in those with any predisposition for psychosis at baseline (23.8% adjusted difference in risk, 95% confidence interval 7.9 to 39.7, P = 0.003) than in those without (5.6%, 0.4 to 10.8, P = 0.033). The risk difference in the “predisposition” group was significantly greater than the risk difference in the “no predisposition” group (test for interaction 18.2%, 1.6 to 34.8, P = 0.032). There was a dose-response relation with increasing frequency of cannabis use. Predisposition for psychosis at baseline did not significantly predict cannabis use four years later (adjusted odds ratio 1.42, 95% confidence interval 0.88 to 2.31).
Conclusion: Cannabis use moderately increases the risk of psychotic symptoms in young people but has a much stronger effect in those with evidence of predisposition for psychosis.
Książki na temat "Psychotic symptoms"
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1956-, Harvey Philip D., Walker Elaine F, State University of New York at Binghamton. i Cornell University, red. Positive and negative symptoms in psychosis: Description, research, and future directions. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1987.
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1935-, Takada Akikazu, i Curzon G. 1928-, red. Serotonin in the central nervous system and periphery: Proceedings of the Symposium on Serotonin in the Central Nervous System and Periphery, April 1-2, 1995, Nagoya, Japan. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1995.
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Swift, Alan. Psychotic Symptoms. Lulu Press, Inc., 2014.
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Cepeda, Claudio. Psychotic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents. Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203961599.
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Erlich, Matthew D., Thomas E. Smith, Ewald Horwath i Francine Cournos. Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199326075.003.0004.
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Patients with schizophrenia experience three categories of symptoms: positive (delusions and hallucinations); negative (blunting of affective expression, loss of volition, and apathy); and disorganized (as reflected by a formal thought disorder). A diagnosis of schizophrenia requires that continuous signs of illness, which may include prodromal and residual symptoms, be present for at least 6 months. Research indicates that schizophrenia is likely a neurodevelopmental illness with clear heritable risk factors. Patients with schizophrenia tend to have an illness onset by young adulthood and a generally debilitating and long-term course, but the degree of disability and functional impairment is widely variable. Other illnesses characterized by prominent psychotic symptoms include schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorder. Treatment for psychotic illnesses includes antipsychotic medication and recovery-oriented psychosocial interventions aimed at “psychiatric rehabilitation” wherein patients can learn or relearn skills necessary to live independently and work competitively.
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Marcsisin, Michael J., i Jessica M. Gannon. History and Phenomenology of Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0001.
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Psychosis has probably affected humans since the start of humanity itself, although the construct of schizophrenia is a relatively new phenomenon, dating back to the nineteenth century. Work by Emil Kraepelin and Eugen Bleuler helped consolidate ideas about psychotic disorders, setting the stage for both clinical care and neuroscience research in subsequent centuries. Phenomenologically, psychotic symptoms range from “positive” symptoms (delusions, hallucinations), to “negative” symptoms (avolition, affective blunting), to “disorganization” symptoms (disorganized speech and behavior), which all combine to produce functional deficits. Different psychotic disorders have different combinations of symptoms, which can combine with mood and anxiety symptoms to affect functioning problems in unique ways. These symptoms can be recognized fairly reliably in individuals. Understanding the inner experience of psychosis can help improve patient-centered care.
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(Editor), Philip D. Harvey, i Elaine Walker (Editor), red. Positive and Negative Symptoms in Psychosis: Description, Research, and Future Directions. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1987.
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Psychotic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: Assessment, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Cepeda, Claudio. Psychotic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: Assessment, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.
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Cepeda, Claudio. Psychotic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: Assessment, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Psychotic symptoms"
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McAllister-Williams, R. Hamish, Daniel Bertrand, Hans Rollema, Raymond S. Hurst, Linda P. Spear, Tim C. Kirkham, Thomas Steckler i in. "Psychotic Symptoms". W Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_1011.
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Freudenreich, Oliver. "Negative Symptoms". W Psychotic Disorders, 375–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29450-2_28.
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Freudenreich, Oliver. "Psychotic Signs and Symptoms". W Psychotic Disorders, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29450-2_1.
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Bramness, Jørgen G., i Johan Franck. "Substance-Induced Psychotic Symptoms". W Co-occurring Addictive and Psychiatric Disorders, 87–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45375-5_7.
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Qayyum, Zheala. "Psychotic Symptoms in Autism". W Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1–5. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_102216-1.
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Qayyum, Zheala. "Psychotic Symptoms in Autism". W Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3786–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_102216.
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Moskowitz, Andrew, Eleanor Longden, Filippo Varese, Dolores Mosquera i John Read. "The Nature of Psychotic Symptoms". W Dissociation and the Dissociative Disorders, 513–27. Wyd. 2. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003057314-39.
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Cook, Christopher C. H. "Psychotic Symptoms and Spiritual Phenomena". W Christianity and Psychiatry, 37–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80854-9_3.
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McAllister-Williams, R. Hamish, Daniel Bertrand, Hans Rollema, Raymond S. Hurst, Linda P. Spear, Tim C. Kirkham, Thomas Steckler i in. "Pre-psychotic States and Prodromal Symptoms". W Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1059–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_262.
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McGlashan, Thomas H., Tandy J. Miller, Scott W. Woods, Ralph E. Hoffman i Larry Davidson. "Instrument for the Assessment of Prodromal Symptoms and States". W Early Intervention in Psychotic Disorders, 135–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0892-1_7.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Psychotic symptoms"
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Lozano López, María Teresa, Sinta Gamonal Limcaoco, Nerea M. Casado Espada, Ana Macia Casas, Alberto Bullon Saez, Marina Covacho Gonzalez, Alba Gonzalez Mota i in. "SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE OCCURRENCE OF PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS IN THE TRAMADOL AND OXYCODONE WITHDRAWAL ." W 22° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2020. SEPD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2020p038.
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Objetives: To begin with, this systematic review arises from the interest to know about the appearance of psychotic and opioid symptomatology. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to establish the appearance of psychotic symptoms in the removal of oxycodone and tramadol. Methods: As far as the research procedure is concerned, a systematic review has been carried out which focuses on the relation of the psychotic symptoms caused by the withdrawal of buprenorphine. In this way, we have selected those scientific papers filed in the database PubMed looking for the key words: “Tramadol; Oxycodone” AND “psychosis, psychotic symptoms; schizophrenia”. Results and conclusions: In current literature, there are three publications dealing with clinic cases where patients suffered from psychotic symptoms after the removal of tramadol or oxycodone. Two of them are case reports about patients who presented psychotic symptoms after stopping these opioids. It is necessary to continue observing and reporting all cases of psychotic symptoms after an opioid withdrawal, as well as the potential antipsychotic effect of the drugs
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"METHADONE WITHDRAWAL PSYCHOSIS: A CLINICAL CASE". W 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p132v.
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The purpose of this article is, through a clinical case, to review the literature on psychosis secondary to methadone withdrawal. Observation of the patient and consultation of the clinical file. Non-systematic literature review on methadone use, methadone discontinuation and dual pathology. A 47-year-old male, history of opioid and cannabinoid use disorder, currently in abstinence and under opioid substitution therapy with methadone. After abrupt discontinuation of methadone, he began presenting delusional ideas of jealousy and persecution with multiple delusional interpretations. A diagnosis of persistent delusional disorder was made, and he was medicated with long-term injectable aripiprazole. Methadone is a synthetic opioid agonist used to treat addictions to opioids, such as heroin. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) contributes to cessation or reduction of heroin use, reduced risk of HIV and hepatitis virus infections, decreased mortality, improved family and social relationships and employment status. Side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, vomiting, sweating, respiratory depression and prolongation of the QT interval. Other important consequences are precipitation of withdrawal symptoms with consequent relapse to heroin use and withdrawal from MMT. Methadone withdrawal leads to the classic symptoms of opiate withdrawal - abnormalities in vital signs, dilated pupils, agitation, irritability, insomnia, sneezing, nausea and vomiting. In a minority of cases, it can lead to the sudden onset of affective disorders and psychotic disorders. Although scarce, psychotic symptoms after opioid withdrawal have already been described in the literature. Opioids function not only as neurotransmitters, but also as neuromodulators that may be involved in the regulation of the dopaminergic system. An altered neuromodulation of the central opioid-dopamine systems due to long-term MTM may be related to psychotic pathogenesis. Considering the high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with substance use disorder, it's important to pay attention and monitor any change in opioid medication, with close observation for possible psychotic symptoms.
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Oscoz Irurozqui, Maitane, Maria Guardiola-Ripoll, Carmen Almodóvar-Payà, Salavador Sarró, Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza, Edith Pomarol-Clotet i Mar Fatjó-Vilas. "Cannabis use and genes of endocannabinoid system: their role in psychotic symptoms and cognition in first-episode psychosis." W 22° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2020. SEPD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2020o031.
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Objectives. To evaluate the association of cannabis use, genes of the endocannabinoid system and their interaction on clinical symptoms and cognitive performance in patients with a first-episode of pyschosis. Background. The role of both cannabis use and individual genetic background has been shown in the risk for psychosis. However, the influence of cannabis and variability at endocannabinoid genes on the psychosis outcome still remains inconclusive. Materials and Methods. The sample comprised 43 Caucasian individuals with a first-episode of psychosis (mean age(sd)=25.80(6.39) years, 76.7% males, 51.2% cannabis users).There were no differences in age and sex between cannabis users and non-users. Genetic variability was assessed by genotyping one Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in each gene (CNR1-rs1049353 and CNR2-rs2501431). Clinical (PANSS, GAF) and neuropsychological (WAIS, WMS, BADS) scales were administered. Results and conclusions. Genotypic frequencies did not differ between cannabis users and non-users. Cannabis use was associated with better manipulative abilities (IQ-M-WAIS, p=0.029) and better executive function (BADS, p=0.036). CNR1-T allele carriers presented higher disorganized and negative syndrome scores (p=0.001 and p=0.044, respectively). The interaction models evidenced a combined effect of CNR1 and cannabis use on the negative syndrome-PANSS (p=0.037). These results suggest the role of cannabis use and genetic background on cognitive and psychopathological outcomes in first-episode psychosis. However, evidence is still scant, and further investigation in larger samples is needed.
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Lima, Thayane Araújo, i Cláudio Brandão dos Santos Filho. "Neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID - 19 and factors related to its neurotropic mechanism: an integrative review". W XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.676.
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Background: Due to the lack of clarification on the pathophysiological mechanism of COVID - 19 in the neurological system, psychological consequences of SARS - CoV-2 infection are questioned. Objective: To describe the neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19, concomitant with flu syndrome or after, and factors related to its neurotropic mechanism. Design and setting: Integrative review based on the Pubmed database. Methods: A reading of titles and abstracts was done by 2 reviewers of 260 articles, in a blind and independent way, followed by a complete reading, resulting in choice of 16 articles. Using following exclusion criteria: complete articles, publication time 2020-2021 and in English language. Results: From articles read, the following are manifested: acute psychotic episode (68.7%), anxiety (56.2%), disorders related to schizophrenia (43.7%), insomnia (43.7%) and depression (37.5%). The mechanism is multifactorial and may include direct factors of infection, corticosteroid therapy, length of stay in the ICU, female gender and stress due to social isolation. There’re reports of association of psychotic symptoms with previous coronaviruses such as SARSCoV and MERS - CoV contributing to neurotrophic hypothesis. Health professionals have an increased risk of developing psychiatric outcomes and also a high probability of having transient psychosis related to environmental stress, including the socio-environmental element to the risk factors. Conclusion: Despite few analytical studies on the topic, there’s a strong relationship between COVID-19 and neuropsychiatric manifestations, of multifactorial cause, but mainly due to the period of social confinement. Long-term follow-up of patients may provide further evidence of correlation and causality.
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Oscoz Irurozqui, Maitane, Maria Guardiola-Ripoll, Carmen Almodóvar-Payá, Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza, Edith Pomarol-Clotet i Mar Fatjó. "CNR2 GENE AND CANNABIS USE INTERPLAY MODULATES MANIPULATIVE ABILITIES IN FIRST-EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS". W 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021o003.
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1. Objectives: While endocannabinoid system seems to be involved in processes underlying psychosis, research about Cannabinoid Receptor 2 gene (CNR2) is scarce and inconclusive. Some few reports indicate that CNR2 plays a role in psychiatric conditions, including depression or drug addiction (Onaivi et al., 2009). We aimed to evaluate the role of CNR2 and its interplay with cannabis on cognition and clinical symptoms in patients with a first-episode of psychosis (FEP). 2. Materials and Methods: the sample comprised 50 Caucasian individuals with a FEP (mean age(sd)=26.14(6.55) years, 76% males, 58% cannabis users). There were no differences in age, sex, premorbid IQ and antipsychotic dose between cannabis users (CU) and non-users (CNU). Neuropsychological (premorbid IQ - TAP-E, current IQ - WAIS, memory - WMS, executive function - BADS) and clinical (psychotic symptoms - PANSS, general functioning - GAF) scales were administered. Genetic variability was assessed by genotyping one Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in CNR2 gene (rs2501431) (qPCR, TaqMan). 3. Results and conclusions: genotypic frequencies did not differ between cannabis users and non-users. CNR2 was not associated with PANSS scores.; however, it showed a differential effect on the performance IQ (measured by the matrix reasoning test - WAIS), conditional to the cannabis use (beta=0.73, p=0.02),. In particular, cannabis non-users with the AA genotype (23.53%) showed higher scores (mean(sd)=10.25 (1.87)) than those with at least one copy of the G allele (76.47%, mean(sd)=6.05(0.99); while cannabis users showed scores in the opposite direction (AA (42.31%): 8.21(1.09) and GG/GA (57.69%): 10.28(0.92)). Our results align with previous studies reporting the association of the CNR2 gene with psychiatric diseases (Ishiguro et al. 2007; Onaivi et al., 2008) adding evidence on the interplay of this gene with cannabis use on cognitive outcomes in first-episode psychosis. However, evidence is still scant, and further investigation in larger samples is needed.
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Manea, Mirela, Adela Magdalena Ciobanu i Mihnea Costin Manea. "ANXIETY - THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FROM PAST TO PRESENT". W The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.28.
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Anxiety is a diffuse fear of an object, rather potential than present, it is detached from concrete and projected in the future. It associates psychomotor restlessness and has neurovegetative response. Anxious symptoms create a discomfort that patients experience with great difficulty. Whether we are talking about generalized anxiety, or we are talking about anxious paroxysms, patients call for help, sometimes in Emergency Room (ER) because of irrational fear of death, or fear of madness. The anxiety disorder is common in all medical healthcare offices, but especially in psychiatry. The therapeutic attitude is based on the same principles everywhere, but there are situations in which the treatment differs and psychotic anxiety, the particular form requiring admission into specialized service, is under discussion here. If in the past, the first intention was benzodiazepine (BZD) anxiolytics at the moment, they are increasingly finding their place in the therapeutic scheme. The beneficial effect installs quickly, but when balancing the balance versus risk, balances often tend to overcome the anxiolytic classics. Nowadays, more frequently, protocols recommend administering SSRI antidepressants to treat anxiety. In the case of emergency in which anxiety occupies a main place, such as psychotic anxiety, it is necessary to prescribe antipsychotics, especially atypical antipsychotics. For these reasons, we aim to share our experience for patient benefit.
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"DIFERENCIAS DE ALTERACIONES PSICOMOTRICES ENTRE EL USO DE COCAÍNA Y DE COCAÍNA-HEROÍNA EN UNA SALA DE VENOPUNCIÓN". W 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p082v.
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INTRODUCCIÓN El uso de cocaína puede generar alteraciones psicomotrices (1). Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre el uso conjunto de cocaína-heroína (speedball) y las alteraciones psicomotrices inducidas de forma aguda en una sala de reducción de daños (2,3). OBJETIVOS Analizar las diferencias psicopatológicas psicomotrices entre el uso agudo de cocaína y de cocaína-heroína en una sala de venopunción. MÉTODOS Este es un estudio observacional realizado en una sala de venopunción entre el 01/01/2009 y 31/05/2021. Se analizaron las diferencias sociodemográficas básicas y variables psicomotrices en función del uso agudo de cocaína o cocaína-heroína intravenosa. Análisis univariantes y bivariantes fueron realizados por cada consumo y no por información individual. RESULTADOS De 3707 episodios de venopunción asistida en la sala, 1079 correspondían a uso de cocaína y 77 a cocaína –heroína (el resto eran usos de heroína). Hay diferencias sociodemográficas y psicopatológicas de carácter motriz entre el uso de cocaína y cocaína-heroína (Tabla 1). CONCLUSIONES El uso concomitante de heroína en usuarios de cocaína podría generar diferencias a nivel psicopatológico. REFERENCIAS 1. Maremmani AG et al. Substance abuse and psychosis. The strange case of opioids. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014;18(3):287-302. 2. Leri F, Bruneau J, Stewart J. Understanding polydrug use: review of heroin and cocaine co-use. Addiction. 2003 Jan;98(1):7-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00236.x. 3. Roncero C et al. Psychotic symptoms of cocaine self-injectors in a harm reduction program. Subst Abus. 2013;34(2):118-21. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2012.691446.
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Pinto, Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende, Bruno de Mattos Lombardi Badia, Igor Braga Farias, José Marcos Vieira de Albuquerque Filho, Roberta Ismael Lacerda Machado, Paulo Victor Sgobbi de Souza i Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira. "Expanding the neurological and imaging phenotype of women with adult-onset X- linked Adrenoleukodystrophy." W XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.019.
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Background: X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) represents a key inherited metabolic disorder in neurological practice, representing an important differential diagnosis in different neurological contexts. Symptomatic female patients have been scarcely studied in large cohorts. Objectives: Evaluation of clinical, laboratory and genetic findings from a Brazilian cohort of women with X-ALD. Methods, design and setting: We performed a retrospective observational study of clinical, biochemical, genetic, neuroimaging and neurophysiological aspects of 10 Brazilian female patients with X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy under clinical follow-up at the Neurometabolic Unit, Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 46.2 years and at symptom-onset was 39 years. Female patients presented with spastic paraparesis and neurogenic bladder (60%), cognitive decline (50%), demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy (40%), cerebellar ataxia (30%), epilepsy (20%), apraxia and psychotic symptoms (10%). The most common misdiagnosis were Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. The main neuroimaging findings were corticospinal tract hyperintensity and cervical and thoracic spinal cord atrophy (60%), unspecific white matter changes (40%) and typical parieto-occipital leukodystrophy. All patients had abnormal profiles of plasma very-long chain fatty acids, all with elevated C26 levels and 80% with elevated C24 levels, but all with abnormally raised C26:C22 and C26:C24 ratio. The most common pathogenic variant observed was c.311G>A (p.Arg104His) (60%). Conclusions: Female patients with ABCD1 pathogenic variants must be carefully evaluated for neuropsychiatric disturbances and followed-up until elderly due to the common occurrence of variable motor, autonomic and sensory compromise.
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"O-036 - CLINICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSTANCE-INDUCED PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS WHO HAVE A LIFETIME MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AND A SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER". W 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.o036.
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INTRODUCTION Patients with lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorder (SUD) have a more severe clinical presentation compared to MDD patients without SUD (1). Substance-induced psychotic symptoms (SIPS) are clinically relevant as may be related to worse prognosis and mortality (2); however, little is known about SIPS in patients with lifetime MDD. OBJECTIVE this research pretends to describe clinical characteristics in MDD patients with SIPS. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed by evaluating sociodemographic and clinical features in adult patients with SUD and MDD in an outpatient center for addiction in Barcelona. SIPS were evaluated by clinical interview. Univariate and bivariate analysis were executed comparing patients with and without SIPS. RESULTS In total, 691 patients with MDD and SUD were evaluated. From this sample, 290 patients had a lifetime SIPS while the others (n=401) did not have any lifetime SIPS. For all the comparison see Table 1. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SUD and MDD who have had SIPS throughout life present a different profile from those who have not presented SIPS, having a more severe clinical presentation. Further investigations on this issue have to be performed, especially longitudinal studies. REFERENCES 1. Torrens M, Tirado-Muñoz J, Fonseca F, Farré M, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Arrojo M, Bernardo M, Arranz B, Garriga M, Saiz PA, Florez G, Goikolea JM, Zorrilla I, Cunill R, Castells X, Becoña E, Lopez A, San L. Clinical practice guideline on pharmacological and psychological management of adult patients with depression and a comorbid substance use disorder. Adicciones. 2021; In Press:1559.. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.1559. 2. Fiorentini A, Cantù F, Crisanti C, Cereda G, Oldani L, Brambilla P. Substance-Induced Psychoses: An Updated Literature Review. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:694863. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.694863.
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Silva, Matheus Henrique de Freitas, Pedro Ivo Machado Campos Araújo Costa, André Iglesias Brandão, Danilo Jorge Silva, Leopoldo Antonio Pires i Luiz Paulo Bastos Vasconcelos. "Gray matter heterotopy as a cause of seizure: purpose of a case diagnosed in adults". W XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.325.
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Context: Epilepsy affects more than 50 million people worldwide, which is an important cause of morbidity and functional limitations. Cortical development malformations represent about 8% of epilepsy cases, and are associated with cognitive deficits, that are frequently diagnosed in childhood. Case report: L.G.M, female, 35 years old, was attended in an emergency department with psychotic symptoms, aggressiveness and lowering of the sensorium. Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the brain evidenced hypodensity and loss of cortico-medullary differentation in the left temporo-parietal region. The neuroimaging findings motivated the referral to our service for investigation. Upon admission, has been shown a history of frequent focal motor and non-motor seizures associated with cognitive deficit since the age of 12. During hospitalization, a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed, which showed subependymal heterotopy of gray matter (Figures 1 and 2). Since then, the monotherapy treatment with carbamazepine aiming at seizure control was chosen. Discussion and conclusion: Cortical development malformations can be classified into three groups of abnormalities, such as: 1) neuronal and glial proliferation and apoptosis; 2) neuronal migration; 3) cortical organization. A heterotopy of the gray matter is related to the migration disorder of the germinal matrix neurons on the wall of ventricle lateral to the cortex. It is the most frequent anomaly of cortical development. The perception of cognitive deficit associated with epileptic seizures should always awaken to the need for early investigation by image examination, in particular brain MRI, in order to diagnose possible malformations of cortical development.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Psychotic symptoms"
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Lee, Hee Jin, Min Cheol Chang, Yoo Jin Choo i Sae Yoon Kim. The Associations between Headache (Migraine and Tension-type Headache) and Psychotic Symptoms (Depression and Anxiety) in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, październik 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0078.
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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association with specific psychiatric symptoms such as depression and anxiety in pediatric patients suffering from migraine and TTH. In our meta-analysis for a detailed evaluation of depression and anxiety, we attempted to review the research using various psychodiagnostic tools. Eligibility criteria: The detailed inclusion criteria for the network meta-analysis were studies with (1) inclusion of pediatric patients; (2) patients with migraine and TTH; (3) evaluation of association between headache (migraine or TTH) and psychotic symptoms (depression and anxiety); (4) comparison between group with headache (migraine or TTH) and control group; (5) using tools for evaluating degree of depression or anxiety; and (6) written in English. Review articles, case reports, letters, and studies with insufficient data or results were excluded.
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Progressive cortical thinning might identify children at risk of developing psychotic spectrum symptoms. ACAMH, marzec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.15013.
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Offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have an increased risk of developing these conditions. However, our capacity to predict the long-term outcomes of these at-risk individuals is limited. Now, researchers have investigated whether longitudinal changes in brain structure differ in individuals at high familial risk who develop psychotic spectrum symptoms, compared to those who do not and to low-risk controls.
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A history of abuse increases the risk of suicide attempts in youth. ACAMH, sierpień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.12665.
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Researchers in Belgium and the USA have conducted one of the first investigations into whether a history of various forms of abuse and the presence of mood disorders and psychotic symptoms can predict suicide attempts in psychiatrically hospitalized children.
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Can we prevent psychosis in high-risk adolescents? ACAMH, luty 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.14671.
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