Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Psychology, Pathological”
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孫耀君 i Yiu-kwan Edmond Suen. "Backward inhibition in pathological gamblers". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41712638.
Pełny tekst źródłaKwong, Yee-wa Eva. "An inquiry into guilt and shame in psychopathology: an exploratory study". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29653009.
Pełny tekst źródłaO'Dowd, S. A. "The interpersonal dimension of psychopathology". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002075.
Pełny tekst źródłaCooper, Graham E. "Is Poor Thought Suppression Integral to Pathological Worry?" The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1416493396.
Pełny tekst źródłaDeRaedt, Mary R. "Factors Influencing Pathological Dissociative Features in Syrian Refugee Children". Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10752363.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrauma and dissociation have been researched in many populations with a clear connection established between the two. This study further explored this connection in the difficult to study population of refugee children. They often are living in tumultuous settings with limited access. The study consisted of 45 children all of whom had been exposed to potentially traumatic events due to displacement. 26 of the children were male with 19 females and an age range from 6 years old to 14. 4 classroom teachers completed the Child Dissociative Checklist for up to ten of their students. The CDC was found to be reliable for this population (α = .903). Frequency statistics showed at least 40% of the sample scoring above the modified pathology score of 11 and the most often endorsed items focused on emotional labiality, memory and denial as primary dissociation responses. Hierarchical linear regression was utilized to determine the relationship of nature of gender, age and time since displacement on the development of pathological dissociative response. The study found that gender was an insignificant predictor of dissociation (F (1,44) = .184, p > .05), but together, age and times since displacement were significantly correlated to higher reports of dissociation. After controlling for age, time since displacement did not have a significant effect on dissociative response (R2 = .178, p > .05) refugee children living in camps in Lebanon.
Cheung, Man-bun William. "The relationship between hostility and psychopathology: a study of psychiatric and normal populations in hongkong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2965001X.
Pełny tekst źródłaGillstrom, Brenda Jean. "Language-related hand gestures in criminal psychopaths". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28052.
Pełny tekst źródłaArts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
Vospernik, Petra. "The relationship of adaptive and pathological narcissism to attachment style and reflective functioning". Thesis, City University of New York, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3641917.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study examined the relationship of adaptive and pathological (grandiose and vulnerable) expressions of narcissism to attachment style and the capacity for reflective functioning (RF). Narcissism serves a relevant personality construct in clinical theory, social psychology and psychiatry but remains inconsistently defined across these disciplines. Theoretical accounts support the notion that attachment difficulties and maladaptive patterns of mentally representing self and others serve as the substrates for narcissistic pathology but are less pronounced in adaptive narcissism. A multiple regression analysis was conducted in a college student sample of 345 participants applying a cross-sectional, survey design. It was hypothesized that pathological narcissism (grandiose or vulnerable) is associated with higher degrees of attachment-related anxiety and avoidance and lower levels of RF than is adaptive narcissism.
Results: With respect to convergent validity, measures of adaptive and pathological narcissism exhibited a differential pattern of correlations to general psychopathology, thereby supporting the notion that distinct constructs crystallize within narcissism's heterogeneity. Multiple regression analysis confirmed the two-component structure of pathological narcissism representing narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability. Narcissistic vulnerability significantly predicted higher levels of attachment anxiety, an effect that remained after controlling for narcissistic grandiosity and adaptive narcissism. In contrast, adaptive narcissism significantly predicted lower levels of attachment anxiety. Contrary to expectation, this effect was not observed for avoidant attachment, i.e. pathological narcissism was not found to be a stronger predictor of avoidant attachment than adaptive narcissism. This study further found that pathological narcissism was not a stronger predictor of poor reflective functioning than was adaptive narcissism. In sum, these findings illustrate how overall psychopathology and attachment anxiety vary across the three narcissistic expressions, thereby weakening narcissism's clinical utility as currently defined in the DSM-5. Theoretical and treatment implications are also reviewed.
Swinbourne, Jessica M. "The comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4026.
Pełny tekst źródłaSwinbourne, Jessica M. "The comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders". University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4026.
Pełny tekst źródłaResearch indicates that eating disorders and anxiety disorders frequently co-occur. The prevalence of anxiety disorders amongst anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa samples has been reported in a number of investigations. Despite the significant number of research papers investigating the comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders, many are plagued by methodological problems, limiting the usefulness of findings. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of research examining the prevalence of eating disorders among anxiety patients, and as a result, the frequency of eating disorder pathology among patients presenting to specialty anxiety clinics is unclear. The current research investigated the prevalence of comorbid eating and anxiety disorders amongst 152 women presenting for either eating disorder treatment or anxiety disorder treatment. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was determined from a sample of 100 women presenting for inpatient and outpatient eating disorder treatment. The prevalence of eating disorders was determined from a sample of 52 women presenting for outpatient treatment of an anxiety disorder. The current study found that 65% of women with eating disorders also met criteria for at least one comorbid anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 69% reported the onset of the anxiety disorder to precede the onset of the eating disorder. Of the anxiety disorders diagnosed, Social Phobia was most frequently diagnosed (42%) followed by PTSD (26%), GAD (23%), OCD (5%), Panic/Ag (3%) and Specific Phobia (2%). We also found that 13.5% of women presenting for anxiety treatment also met criteria for a comorbid eating disorder. The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of eating and anxiety disorder comorbidity is high. It is hoped that the present research will have significant etiological and therapeutic implications and further the understanding of the development and maintenance of eating disorder pathology.
McCallum, Barbara Ruth. "An examination of the experience of living with mood disorders". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58576.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaVartanian, Oshin. "Cognitive Disinhibition and Creativity". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/VartanianO2002.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeeley, Jared Wayne Blashfield Roger K. "Analysis of the hierarchical nature of clinicians' organization of mental disorders". Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/master's/KEELEY_JARED_29.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaHusein, Tiffany Nicole. "Paradoxical Vocal Cord Dsyfunction: Gaining a better understanding of this disorder and its psychological correlates". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1206396837.
Pełny tekst źródłaWashington, Fred A. "The relationship among rumination and distraction in pathological gamblers". access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3202463.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Cuiting. "Identity and young adult well-being a closer look at identity style and identity structure /". Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/doctoral/LI_CUI_46.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBecker, Theresa M. "Differential effects of negative and positive affect on context processing". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5086.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeller, Michelle Margo 1954. "A study of pathological narcissism in Renaissance English tragic drama". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289178.
Pełny tekst źródłaPontoski, Kristin Elizabeth. "Mindfulness and Expressive Writing in College Students with Pathological Worry". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/162611.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh.D.
A growing body of literature supports the relationship between pathological worry and deleterious health consequences, including having a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; Waters & Craske, 2005). Individuals who suffer from pathological worry tend to live life in the future rather than in the present moment. Mindfulness, a practice grounded in the acceptance of present-moment experience, can therefore be conceptualized as the antithesis of worry. Thus, the current study aimed to better understand the interplay between mindfulness and pathological worry and the potential role of mindfulness practice in reducing pathological worry. This study examined the effect of a brief mindful breathing practice and an expressive writing exercise on psychological health outcomes in a sample of college students with pathological worry. The study aimed to replicate findings that expressive writing is helpful for individuals with pathological worry, and it aimed to test the hypothesis (Brody & Park, 2004) that expressive writing itself is a process conceptually similar to mindfulness. Participants practiced either a mindful breathing exercise or a relaxation exercise prior to engaging in three consecutive sessions of either expressive writing or a control writing exercise. It was expected that individuals who practiced mindfulness and engaged in expressive writing would have lower levels of depression, worry, and GAD symptoms as well as increased levels of self-reported mindfulness when assessed one month after completing the study, but these hypotheses were not supported. It was found, however, that individuals who engaged in expressive writing demonstrated a decrease in negative affect over time compared to those who engaged in control writing. Furthermore, those who engaged in mindfulness practice compared to those who engaged in relaxation practice reported higher levels of mindful awareness directly following the writing sessions. The study has the practical implication of understanding the utility of brief mindfulness practice to alleviate symptoms of worry and GAD in a sample of non-treatment-seeking high worriers.
Temple University--Theses
Woo, Choo Peng Matthew. "Gender masculine and gender feminine scales as measures of psychological well being : an examination of cross-nation differences /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17589.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaMartin, John B. (John Blanchard) 1958. "A biobehavioral analysis of alexithymia /". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=73983.
Pełny tekst źródłaVitacco, Michael J. "Construct Validity of Psychopathy in Mentally Disordered Offenders: A Multi-trait Multi-method Approach". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4168/.
Pełny tekst źródłaJager, Richard Paul. "Mysticism: Its relationship to religious experience and psychopathology". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/457.
Pełny tekst źródłaCohn, Miramar Garcia. "Epidemiology of malingering strategies /". Access abstract and link to full text, 1994. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9513942.
Pełny tekst źródłaKrishnamurthy, Divya. "Analysis of the human pituitary gland in psychiatric disorders". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609379.
Pełny tekst źródłaChasouris, Antonios. "Developmental psychopathology in children with Williams syndrome". Thesis, University of South Wales, 2008. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/developmental-psychopathology-in-children-with-williams-syndrome(ab574729-939a-45b6-8507-58cb3d050d7e).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaMorison, Tracy. "'Show and tell': a discursive analysis of women's written accounts of their self-injuring practices". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002535.
Pełny tekst źródłaHalgreen, Charnel. "Exploring behavioural addiction: a phenomenological study of the lived experiences of pathological gamblers". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012117.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcGeown, William Jonathan. "Revealing the differences between normal and pathological ageing using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)". Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13144.
Pełny tekst źródłaPerkins, Ayana N. "An Exploration of Pathological Gambling Among Diverse Populations". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/99.
Pełny tekst źródłaCharbonnier, Jennifer. "Female Aggression as an Interactive Effect of Internal Locus of Control and Pathological Narcissism| A Multiple Regression Analysis". Thesis, Northcentral University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10265649.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study represented an examination of the social issue of increasing female aggression in the State of Connecticut and has clarified a predictive relationship among internal locus of control, pathological narcissism to include contingent self-esteem, self-sacrificing self-enhancement, hiding the self, devaluing, grandiose fantasy, entitlement rage, and the four manifestations of female aggression that included physical and verbal aggression, anger, and hostility.
Aggression perpetrated by young adult females has been problematic in terms of the direct cost to society through injuries or damage sustained, increased displacement, or negatively affected social circumstances of children as collateral damage created by sanctioning of the female parent. As a learned response, children emulate the aggressive values and behaviors of those adults both as a defensive coping strategy, as well as the multi-generational perpetuation of aggressive behavior as a learned behavioral choice. This study was conducted in Connecticut with a selective participant group of 174 self-reported adult females, aged 18–35, with histories of having been legally sanctioned for aggressive behavior. Participants were solicited through a receptive social service agency, The Connection, Incorporated and the social media network, Facebook. The data generated in this quantitative study were analyzed utilizing multiple and stepwise linear regression analyses; statistically significant, predictive relationships among the variables, internal locus of control, pathological narcissism, and female aggression were identified and measured independently, as well as in different groupings. The various combinations of internal locus of control and components of pathological narcissism were each more predictive of each of the specific forms of female aggression.
Africa, Adelene R. "An analysis of psychological and legal conceptions of the defence of non-pathological criminal incapacity". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13901.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe defence of non-pathological capacity presents challenges for both law and psychology because it acknowledges that psychological factors other than mental illness, are grounds for complete exculpation. In this sense, South African law differs from its Anglo-American counterparts as it recognises that non-pathological factors playa role in negating criminal responsibility. Legal and mental health professionals are instrumental in the application of the defence, but both case law and literature reflect differences in the way in which the defence is understood and applied. Disagreement within and between disciplines adds to the controversial nature of the defence. This study examines the interpretation and practical application of the defence by mental health professionals and lawyers. It explores how participants' understanding of the defence informs its application in practice. A sample of ten participants including mental health professionals (comprising psychologists and psychiatrists) and lawyers (comprising advocates) was chosen, in order that a comparison be drawn between the two groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted so as to enable in-depth exploration of issues regarding conceptions of criminal responsibility, the role of expert testimony and the conceptual understanding and application of the defence.
Kiehl, Kent Anthony. "A neuroimaging investigation of affective, cognitive, and language functions in psychopathy". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ48667.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWilliamson, Sherrie. "Cohesion and coherence in the speech of psychopathic criminals". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32384.
Pełny tekst źródłaArts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
Bonogofsky, Amber Nicole. "Self-report measures of psychopathic and schizotypal personality characteristics a confirmatory factor analysis of characteristics of antisocial behavior and hypothetical psychosis-proneness in a college sample /". CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-06012007-120950/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSoni, Sarita. "An investigation into psychiatric illness in people with Prader-Willi syndrome : evidence for a genetic basis for psychosis". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614298.
Pełny tekst źródłaBaracat, Juliana. "Da sedução traumática ao trauma da sedução : diálogos entre Sándor Ferenczi e Jean Laplanche /". Assis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151457.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoorientadora: Viviana Carola Velasco Martinez
Banca: Gustavo Adolfo Ramos Mello Neto
Banca: Fabio Roberto Rodrigues Belo
Banca: Thassia Souza Emídio
Banca: Diana Pancini de Sá Antunes Ribeiro
Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estabelecer um diálogo entre as teorias do trauma de Sándor Ferenczi de Jean Laplanche, a fim de relacionar os pontos convergentes presentes nos autores. Para tanto, procedeu-se a uma revisão bibliográfica a fim de destacar a especificidade do pensamento de cada autor. Discorreu-se sobre a vida e obra de Ferenczi a título de efetuar um resgate do autor e pontuar os principais conceitos envolvidos em sua concepção de trauma. Depois, descreveu-se a trajetória de pesquisa de Laplanche, a qual eclodiu na renovação teórica apresentada em sua teoria da sedução generalizada. Ao final, articulou-se os principais conceitos teóricos presentes na teoria de ambos para discutir a noção de trauma oriunda destas. Destacou-se quatro pontos fundamentais sobre os quais a análise teórica foi feita: a abertura psíquica; o papel do outro na constituição subjetiva; a noção de corpo como parasitado pelas representações desligadas e a noção de après-coup como característica da temporalização do humano. Como resultado caracterizou-se dois tipos de trauma descritos pelos autores: o trauma fundamental e o trauma intromissivo. Também se certificou que para os autores o caráter exógeno da formação psíquica implica a relação com o outro originário, cujas mensagens pulsionais incidem sobre a criança, instaurando a tópica inconsciente. Assim, pode-se pensar nos aspectos éticos implicados no cuidado parental e nas possibilidades profiláticas da terapêutica psicanalítica
Abstract: This research aims to establish a dialogue between the trauma theories of Sándor Ferenczi and Jean Laplanche, to enable to indicate their convergence points. Therefore, proceeded a bibliographical review to point out the specificity of each author's thoughts. Ran through the life and work of Ferenczi to evaluate the author rescue and point out his major concepts about the trauma. Than, described Laplanche's research, which emerges in a theorical renovation presented in the general seduction's theory. In the end, we articulate the major concepts present in both authors to discuss the notion of trauma from them. We accentuated four conceptual axes to proceed to an theorical analysis: the psychic openning; the role for the other in the psychic constitution; the notion of body as parasited by desconnected representations and the notion of après-coup as caracateristic of human temporalization. As result, we caracterized two types of trauma as described by the authors: a fundamental trauma and the intromissive trauma. Also certificates that for these authors the psychic formation has an exogenous character implicated in the relationship with the original other, which pulsional messages affects the child, instituting the unconscious topic. So, we can think about the ethical aspects of the child's care and the possibilities of psychoanalytical terapeutics
Doutor
Jackson, M. C. "A study of the relationship between psychotic and spiritual experience". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670299.
Pełny tekst źródłaSmall, M. "Averaged potentials evoked from the brain during cognitive tasks, in the normal subject and in pathological states". Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371246.
Pełny tekst źródłaLagman, Theresa Marie. "Individual Differences in Cognitive Performance Relating to Non-Pathological Sleep Parameters in the Presence of a Stressor". UNF Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/229.
Pełny tekst źródłaJain, Amit. "A case-based tool for treatment of behavioral problems associated with Alzheimer's disease". Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174664363.
Pełny tekst źródłaGalloway-Sharp, Sherri. "Utilizing the Dean-Woodcock Emotional Status Examination to predict pathology". Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1285087.
Pełny tekst źródłaDepartment of Educational Psychology
Poopedi, Molepo Hope. "Characteristics of persons with mental retardation presenting at Polokwane / Makweng Hospital Complex : An Archival Study". Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/838.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this study was to profile the characteristics of children with mental retardation presenting at the Clinical Psychology Unit of Polokwane/Mankweng Hospital Complex over a period of five years. A descriptive methodological approach was chosen as a study design for the purpose of data collection and subsequent data analysis. Using the archival data method, the clinical files of all children presenting with mental retardation at this facility were retrieved and studied. A total of 326 (male = 169; female = 157) files covering the period under review were retrieved. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the data. Categorical data were analysed by using frequency tables, descriptive statistics and crosstabulations. The study showed that 314 cases (96.3%) were reflected as Black, whilst the remaining 12 cases (3.7%) were reflected as White (2.15%); Indian (1.23%); and Other (0.30%). Several clinical methods that included clinical interviews, psychometric tests, clinical observations and collateral information sources were used by the psychologists for the purpose of making a diagnosis. The study further revealed that a huge number of cases (35.6%) were diagnosed with mental retardation. It was also found that 45.4% of the cases were diagnosed to have comorbid clinical conditions such as epilepsy, Down’s syndrome, visual problems etc. The majority of the persons were referred to the Clinical Psychology Unit to be assessed for school placement (50%) and disability grant (38.7%).With regard to interventions, psychologists who saw these persons tended to frequently refer them to special schools and other health professionals. Psychotherapy was the least utilised intervention method used by the psychologists. The findings of the present study reinforce the importance of and value of high quality management and treatment of mental retardation and related comorbid conditions. Based on these findings, it is recommended that more efforts be made to strengthen the working relationship between Polokwane/Mankweng Hospital Complex and the respective special schools where these persons that are diagnosed with mental retardation are referred to. It is further recommended that consideration be given to strengthening the relationship between Polokwane/Mankweng Hospital Complex and the social security agency so as to obviate any potential problems that could be associated with the allocation of the disability grants to persons with mental retardation.
Roché, Matthew William. "The validation of a computer-based version of the Maher line drawing task". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaHilving, Rebecca. "Violent Female Offending: Examining the Role of Psychopathy and Comorbidity with DSM-IV Personality Disorders". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30465/.
Pełny tekst źródłaShetye, Shobha S. "Life stress, psychopathology and psychological adjustment: a propective study on a community sample of Hong Kongadolescents". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31221580.
Pełny tekst źródłaShetye, Shobha Satish. "Life stress, psychopathology and psychological adjustment : a propective study on a community sample of Hong Kong adolescents /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21213240.
Pełny tekst źródłaVan, der Merwe Amelia. "“Soos 'n vuil hond het ek gevoel” : shame narratives in South African survivors of chronic trauma". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85665.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: Both chronic trauma and shame, as well as the relation between them, are understudied phenomena. This is despite particularly high levels of both trauma- and shame-related psychopathology in South Africa (Edwards, 2005). I conducted a qualitative study exploring experiences of trauma, shame, post-traumatic reactions and coping mechanisms in single interviews with 19 South African survivors of chronic trauma (intimate partner violence) using narrative analysis. Results from the categorical content analysis indicated that all but one participant reported a history of physical violence perpetrated by her intimate partner. Sexual and emotional violence were also reported by the majority of the participants. The most significant reported mental health outcomes were persistent fear, depression and suicidality, dissociation and somatic complaints. Coping mechanisms included religion, support from family, counselling and substance misuse. Using smiling as a mask to conceal difficult feelings and keeping occupied were cited as the most effective defenses. Shame was viewed as a social emotion, and often described as humiliation (and sometimes embarrassment), which required the presence of a mocking, hostile audience. This was interpreted in socio-cultural terms. Eleven women presented with a split self – the authentic self who admitted to a great deal of shame when asked indirectly, and the false self who was described in surprisingly positive terms. I analysed this split using categorical content analysis and narrative analysis from a social constructivist point of view at individual (clinical) level, organisational (micro-cultural) level, and broader cultural level. I used Gee’s (1991) categorical form analysis to analyse five long complex shame and trauma narratives with the aim of determining if psychic fragmentation presents at linguistic level. I also analysed three short, compressed trauma and shame narratives. The structure of the short narratives tended to be circular, erratic, disjointed, and interrupted (Scarry, 1985; Simon, 2008). The three short, compressed trauma narratives were characterised by long pauses or silences, hesitations, avoiding eye contact, hunching over, covering the face with clothes, whispering, so making the narrative almost inaudible, crying, and defensive leaning in towards me, and laughing. These women were exceptions – most women expressed an urgency to talk about their experiences in great detail. Although the longer narratives are essentially fractured chaos narratives at linguistic level, they contain predominant trauma- and shame-related themes that are consistent throughout the narratives and that remain intact in spite of the signs of linguistic disruption and fragmentation. They are, in order of narratives, 1) shame/self-blame and deservedness; 2) truth/lies and bearing witness; 3) shame, humiliation and dissociation; 4) the concealed, shame-based self, including amnesiac-like disorientation of place and time; and 5) patterns of cyclical leave-return reflecting perpetrator-instilled abandonment terror, including disorientation of time. I have argued that although language, or narrative structure, continues to mimic and reflect narrative content (fractured narratives vs fractured selves) – there is also the intriguing possibility of a disconnection between form and content; and that thematic coherence or consistency and narrative fracturing can co-occur; co-exist. There are a number of clinical features in the narratives which are either related to, or comprise diagnostic criteria for chronic trauma syndromes such as chronic PTSD and DESNOS, and intersect with shame themes in the narratives I analysed. Consequently, I argue that there is a substantial intersection or co-occurrence between exposure to chronic trauma, and trauma-related clinical symptoms, including shame, which emerge from the narratives, which without exception, demonstrate significant linguistic fracturing. In conclusion, a number of gaps in the literature were identified. Future research should triangulate methods and chronic trauma prevalence and longitudinal studies are needed both internationally and locally.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sowel kroniese trauma as skaamte, en die verhouding tussen die twee, is tot dusver onvoldoende bestudeer – ondanks die besonder algemene voorkoms van trauma- en skaamte-verwante psigopatologie in Suid-Afrika (Edwards, 2005). Ek het ʼn kwalitatiewe studie onderneem en die ervaring van trauma, skaamte, post-traumatiese reaksies en oorlewingsmeganismes ondersoek in indiwiduele onderhoude met 19 Suid-Afrikaanse oorlewendes van kroniese trauma (geweld in intieme verhoudings). In my ondersoek het ek van narratiewe analise gebruik gemaak. Resultate van die kategoriese inhoudsanalise dui aan dat ál die vroue in die bestudeerde groep, behalwe een, ‘n geskiedenis van fisieke geweld gerapporteer het wat deur haar ‘partner’ gepleeg is. Seksuele en emosionele geweld is ook deur die meerderheid van die groep gerapporteer. Die mees betekenisvolle uitkomste in verband met psigiese gesondheid was voortdurende angs, depressie, selfmoordneigings, dissosiasie en somatiese klagtes. Oorlewingsmeganismes was onder andere godsdiens, berading en dwelms. Om ʼn glimlag te gebruik as masker vir die verberging van pynlike emosies, en om besig te bly, is genoem as die effektiefste verdedigingsmeganismes. Skaamte is gesien as ‘n sosiale emosie, en is dikwels ‘vernedering’ genoem (soms ʼn ‘verleentheid’), wat die teenwoordigheid van spottende, vyandige toeskouers impliseer. Skaamte is in die studie in sosio-kulturele terme geïnterpreteer. Elf vroue het 'n gesplete self vertoon – die outentieke self wat 'n groot hoeveelheid skaamte erken het wanneer hulle indirek daaroor uitgevra is, teenoor die valse self wat in verbasend positiewe terme beskryf is. Ek het hierdie gesplete self geanaliseer met gebruikmaking van kategoriale inhoudsanalise en ook van narratiewe analise uit 'n sosiaal-konstruktiewe perspektief – op 'n indiwiduele (kliniese), organisatoriese (mikro-kulturele) en ‘n breër kulturele vlak. Ek het Gee (1991) se kategoriale vorm-analise gebruik om vyf lang, komplekse skaamte- en traumanarratiewe te analiseer om te bepaal of psigiese fragmentering op 'n linguistiese vlak manifesteer. Ek het ook drie kort, gedronge trauma- en skaamtenarratiewe geanaliseer. Die struktuur van die kort narratiewe was geneig om sirkulêr, wisselvallig, onsamehangend en onderbroke te wees (Scarry, 1985; Simon, 2008). Die drie kort, gedronge traumanarratiewe is gekenmerk deur lang stiltes, aarseling, vermyding van oogkontak, vooroor buk, bedekking van die gesig met klere, fluistering (sodat die narratief byna onhoorbaar geword het), gehuil, defensiewe oorleun na my toe, en gelag. Hierdie drie vroue was uitsonderings – die meeste vroue het 'n dringende behoefte laat blyk om in fyn besonderhede oor hulle ervarings te praat. Alhoewel die langer narratiewe op 'n linguistiese vlak wesentlik gefragmenteerde chaos-narratiewe is, bevat hulle dominante trauma- en skaamte-temas wat konsekwent deur die verhale aanwesig bly ondanks die tekens van linguistiese disrupsie en fragmentering. Hulle is, in die volgorde van die narratiewe, 1) skaamte/selfblamering en verdiende loon; 2) waarheid/leuens en getuienis aflê; 3) skaamte, vernedering en dissosiasie; 4) bedekte, skaamte-gebaseerde self, insluitend die amnesieagtige disoriëntering van plek en tyd; en 5) patrone van sikliese vertrek en terugkeer, insluitend 'n disoriëntering van plek en tyd – 'n refleksie van die vrees om alleen gelaat te word, veroorsaak deur die gewelddadige optrede teen haar. Ek het geredeneer dat, alhoewel taal/ narratiewe struktuur geneig is om narratiewe inhoud na te boots en te reflekteer (gefragmenteerde narratiewe naas gefragmenteerde self) – is daar ook die interessante moontlikheid van 'n diskonneksie tussen vorm en inhoud; en dat tematiese samehang of konsekwentheid saam met narratiewe fragmentering kan voorkom. Daar is 'n aantal kliniese kenmerke in die narratiewe wat diagnostiese kriteria bevat vir kroniese trauma-sindrome soos kroniese PTSD en DESNOS, en wat verband hou met skaamtetemas in die betrokke narratiewe. Gevolglik redeneer ek dat daar 'n substansiële oorvleueling of saambestaan is van die blootstelling aan kroniese trauma en trauma-verwante kliniese simptome, insluitend skaamte. Dit kom na vore in die geanaliseerde narratiewe, wat sonder uitsondering deur linguistiese fragmentering gekenmerk word. Ten slotte is ‘n aantal leemtes in die literatuur geïdentifiseer. Toekomstige navorsing behoort metodes en algemeen-voorkomende kroniese trauma te trianguleer en longitudinale studies, plaaslik en internasionaal, word benodig.
Leão, Marcos Creder de Souza. "A dor como metáfora da unidade: o diálogo analítico entre o corpo e a psique". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2002. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=76.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work reflects a theoretical study about pain as a subject, emphasizing its conceptual aspect, not only the historical-philosophical point of view, but also the medical, psychopathological and especially psychoanalytical point of view. As pain intersects various discussions, without an epistemological defined field, it is proposed as a hypothesis, to define exactly in this transdiciplinary convergency: pain as a unique concept in the psychophysical interface that has as Modern dualist way of counterpart thinking. The psychoanalysis highly contributes to interrupting this parallelism. Going through the Freudian theory from the manuscripts to the studies of hysterical suffering, current neurosis, theory of pulsions, that gradually create significant variables which tend to maintain the pain exactly in the border of the real and symbolical body, of the representable and irrepresentable; between the life and death pulsions and between pleasure and displeasure. This hyphotesis is illustrated with fragments of cases related by physicians. It is questioned part of the psychosomatic psychoanalytical thought that maintains an asymmetric relationship between body and psyche by complex theorizing, which privilege the pain in psycho determinism, counteracting what is done by the medicine, paradoxically, with the anatomic body. The pain will not be in the duality of the subject, but as a metaphor of the unity
Lam, Hing-po Sally, i 林慶寶. "Becoming pathological casino gamblers in Hong Kong: do big winning experiences matter?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979488.
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