Artykuły w czasopismach: „Prostate – Hypertrophy”

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Viennois, Emilie, Teresa Esposito, Julie Dufour, Aurélien Pommier, Stephane Fabre, Jean-Louis Kemeny, Laurent Guy, Laurent Morel, Jean-Marc Lobaccaro i Silvère Baron. "Lxrα Regulates the Androgen Response in Prostate Epithelium". Endocrinology 153, nr 7 (30.04.2012): 3211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2011-1996.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate that commonly occurs in older men. We show that liver X receptor (Lxr)-α knockout mice (lxrα−/−) develop ventral prostate hypertrophy, correlating with an overaccumulation of secreted proteins in prostatic ducts and an alteration of vesicular trafficking in epithelial cells. In the fluid of the lxrα−/− prostates, spermine binding protein is highly accumulated and shows a 3000-fold increase of its mRNA. This overexpression is mediated by androgen hypersensitivity in lxrα−/− mice, restricted to the ventral prostate. Generation of chimeric recombinant prostates demonstrates that Lxrα is involved in the establishment of the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the mouse prostate. Altogether these results point out the crucial role of Lxrα in the homeostasis of the ventral prostate and suggest lxrα−/− mice may be a good model to investigate the molecular mechanisms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

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G., Diamantis, i Tode V. "Consideration of Drug Therapy in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy". ARS Medica Tomitana 20, nr 3 (31.01.2015): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2014-0023.

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Abstract Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) has become a major global health problem both in its frequency by which it determines the complications and the problems of diagnosis and treatment it requires. BPH is a heterogeneous disease. The symptoms attributed to BPH may have other coexisting causes and growth factors both androgen-dependent and independent, which promotes prostate enlargement. It is well known that prostate size correlates poorly with the symptoms so that reducing prostate using 5-alphareductase or alphablocants inhibitors may not always be sufficient. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of BPH and its interactions with other drugs will help the development of new substances with a better efficiency. This present work aims to be a modest contribution related to medical treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia and the role that the generalist practitioner should play in managing of this urinary disease quite common in elderly men.

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Li, Peng-Long, Hui Liu, Guo-Peng Chen, Ling Li, Hong-Jie Shi, Hong-Yu Nie, Zhen Liu i in. "STEAP3 (Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of Prostate 3) Inhibits Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy". Hypertension 76, nr 4 (październik 2020): 1219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14752.

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Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is one of the major predictors and inducers of heart failure, the end stage of various cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of pathological cardiac hypertrophy remain largely unknown. Here, we provided the first evidence that STEAP3 (Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of Prostate 3) is a key negative regulator of this disease. We found that the expression of STEAP3 was reduced in pressure overload-induced hypertrophic hearts and phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. In a transverse aortic constriction-triggered mouse cardiac hypertrophy model, STEAP3 deficiency remarkably deteriorated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, whereas the opposite phenotype was observed in the cardiomyocyte-specific STEAP3 overexpressing mice. Accordingly, STEAP3 significantly mitigated phenylephrine-induced cell enlargement in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, via RNA-seq and immunoprecipitation-mass screening, we demonstrated that STEAP3 directly bond to Rho family small GTPase 1 and suppressed the activation of downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling cascade. Remarkably, the antihypertrophic effect of STEAP3 was largely blocked by overexpression of constitutively active mutant Rac1 (G12V). Our study indicates that STEAP3 serves as a novel negative regulator of pathological cardiac hypertrophy by blocking the activation of the Rac1-dependent signaling cascade and may contribute to exploring effective therapeutic strategies of pathological cardiac hypertrophy treatment.

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Merendino, Rosaria Alba, Francesco Salvo, Antonella Saija, Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Antonio Tomaino, Paola Lucia Minciullo, Giuseppe Fraccica i Sebastiano Gangemi. "Malondialdehyde in benign prostate hypertrophy: a useful marker?" Mediators of Inflammation 12, nr 2 (2003): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0962935031000097745.

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Benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) is the most common benign tumor in men due to obstruction of the urethra and, finally, uremia. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a product derived from peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and related esters. Evaluation of MDA in serum represents a non-invasive biomarker of oxidative stress. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a sensitive marker for prostatic hypertrophy and cancer. We analyzed MDA serum levels to evaluate the oxidative stress in BPH. To this end, 22 BPH patients and 22 healthy donors were enrolled. Data show an increase of MDA level in BPH patients and a positive correlation between PSA and MDA levels. In conclusion, we describe a previously unknown relationship between PSA and MDA as an index of inflammation and oxidative stress in BPH.

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Nath, Chandan Kumar, Bhupen Barman, Pranjal Phukan, Stephen L. Sailo, Biswajit Dey, Indrajit Nath i Purnima Rajkhowa. "Prostate-Specific Antigen Density: A Measurement to Differentiate Benign Hypertrophy of Prostate from Prostate Carcinoma". Journal of Laboratory Physicians 12, nr 01 (marzec 2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714195.

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Abstract Background Determination of isolated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in asymptomatic individuals has not demonstrated sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be useful in the routine evaluation of prostate disease. To enhance the accuracy of serum PSA we have used a proportion of serum PSA and prostate volume, which we refer to as prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD). Prostate volume in this study was calculated using transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Materials and Methods A total of 106 patients with prostatic disease clinically confined to the prostate glands were evaluated. Results and Observation The mean PSAD for prostate cancer was 0.15 ± 0.01 while that for benign hypertrophy of the prostate (BPH) was 0.11 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05). Significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted in the prostate volume in these two groups with the mean prostate volume measured by TRUS in the BPH to be 53.85 ± 9.71 mL compared with 58.14 ± 7.48 mL in the carcinoma. PSA density of 0.13 ng/mL can be used as a cutoff for the individual in our set-up who should go for prostate biopsy with sensitivity and specificity of over 90%. Conclusion These results suggest that PSAD may be useful in distinguishing BPH and prostate cancer.

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Panarisi, S., M. Barbera, C. Cammarata, Q. Paola, G. Solazzo, F. Curto i G. Curto. "Mini-invasive treatment of BPH with TUIP". Urologia Journal 65, nr 1 (luty 1998): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039806500135.

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Gnana, Bhushan Kumar, i Sanjeeva Rao Matlapudi. "A comparative clinical evaluation of outcome of medical and surgical management of symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia". International Surgery Journal 7, nr 9 (27.08.2020): 3032. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20203789.

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Background: Benign hypertrophy of prostate is common disorder and benign neoplasm of man above 50 years of age. Around 30% patients with benign hypertrophy of prostate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) but all symptoms may not be due to benign hypertrophy of prostate (BHP). Present study has been designed for comparative evaluation of the outcome of medical and surgical management of symptoms, due to benign prostatic hyperplasia by using IPSS (international prostate score) and quality of life score as tool.Methods: In present study patients with LUTS, clinically diagnosed by per rectal digital examination and transrectal ultrasonographically confirmed cases of enlargement of prostate are enrolled for this study. Patients enrolled were divided equally in three groups.Results: After six month the mean IPSS score in silodosin (Sd) group was 6.55±0.86 and in Sd+Dutasteride (Dt) group it was 5.09±1.12. After six months mean IPSS score in Sd+Dt group was 5.09±1.12 and in TURP group it was 2.44±0.59.Conclusions: Single drug treatment with silodosin is associated with slow and less improvement in IPSS score in comparison with silodosin and dutasteride. But the response to TURP was better and faster than medical management.

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Zambolin, T., A. Cozzoli, G. Cancarini, G. P. Da Pozzo, C. Simeone, M. Scanzi, L. Tralce, F. Pagani i S. Cosciani-Cunico. "Correlation between benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and prostatic antigen (PSA)". Urologia Journal 59, nr 1_suppl (styczeń 1992): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205901s15.

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PSA is a glycoprotein, which is present in both normal and pathological prostatic tissue, so it can be detected in the serum of patients with a normal prostate, BPH or prostatic cancer (PC). BPH and PC have the highest clinical incidence in the same agevange. The exact role of hypertrophic tissue in the variations of PSA serum levels must be determined when utilizing it as a tumoral marker of prostatic cancer. In order to determine it we matched serum PSA levels and prostate weight in 61 patients with BPH, proved by histological examination. Only in one case the value was higher than 20 ng/ml. So, in our opinion this value is the cut off. If the adenoma weight is 25–30 g or more, rectal examination and echography are normal, a biopsy is mandatory.

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Zattoni, F. "Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy, Prostatic Cancer and Preneoplastic Lesions". Urologia Journal 59, nr 1 (luty 1992): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205900113.

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Quite recently two dysplastic lesions have been found in prostatic tissue: atypical hyperplasia (AH), found in the periurethral zone, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), present in the peripheral zone of the prostate. These lesions are likely to be considered as preneoplastic lesions. Theoretically they could be interpreted as the link between normal prostatic tissue and the cancer. It has also been suggested that BPH possibly contributes to the carcinogenetic process due to the demonstrated modifications occuring in the hyperplastic gland.

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Kuriyama, Manabu. "Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer". International Journal of Biological Markers 1, nr 2 (maj 1986): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460088600100202.

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Prostate-specific antigen (PA) has been evaluated clinically as a tumor marker of prostate cancer with the use of enzyme immunoassay (EIA). For serodetection of prostate cancer, PA was assayed in a total of 1,109 sera. From mean ± 3 S.D. of normal controls, upper cut-off values in males were decided as 2.5 and 1.2 ng/ml in Americans and Japanese, respectively. Serum PA values in prostate cancer patients were positive in 78% of Americans and 62% of Japanese. However, in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) cases, a high false positive rate of 41% was observed in Americans. Simultaneous assays of serum PA and PAP showed high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of prostate cancer. This antigen could be used, as well as PAP, for monitoring prostate cancer patients. Furthermore, serum PA levels prior to treatment may express to some degree the malignant potential of the cancer. These results suggest that PA may be useful as a tumor marker of prostate cancer.

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Tapping, Charles R., Jeremy Crew, Andrew Proteroe i Phil Boardman. "Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for prostatic origin bleeding in the context of prostate malignancy". Acta Radiologica Open 8, nr 6 (czerwiec 2019): 205846011984606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058460119846061.

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Prostate artery embolization (PAE) has been shown to be beneficial in treating men with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Here we describe treating four patients with prostate cancer (two with organ-confined and two with metastatic prostate cancer) with prostatic bleeding with PAE. Patients had other causes of hematuria excluded and were followed up at 3, 12, and 18 months after PAE. All four cases were technically successful and all cases of hematuria had resolved by the three-month follow-up (100%). There was one case of recurrence at 13 months after PAE which was successfully treated. PAE is useful for controlling significant prostatic bleeding in patients with prostate cancer and improves quality of life. Patients may, however, need repeated treatments to control the bleeding.

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Agustine, Alice, i Marta Hendry. "Sleep Quality Improvement of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Patients After Transuretral Resection of Prostate". Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery 1, nr 2 (18.12.2018): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjs.v1i2.9.

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ABSTRACT Introduction. Nocturia is lower urinary tract symptoms on benign prostat hyperplasia patients that made him asleep at night to urinate. This condition impacted on many level of patient life, which are quality of life, quality of sleep, daytime function, morbidity and mortality and nocturia has the biggest impact on patient sleep quality. Methods. This is an observational study including 30 patient of benign prostat hyperplasia undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate as research subjects. All patient were assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and international prostate symptom score at baseline and 2 month after transuretral resection of the prostate Results. A total 23 patients (76,7%) had a sleep disorder as a score of 5 or more on Pittsburgh sleep quality index score. After the transurethral resection of the prostate, pittsburgh sleep quality index score of 12 patient have decreased (less than 5) and 11 others with persistent sleep disorder. Pittsburgh sleep quality index significantly decreased after transurethral resection of the prostate from ±9,36 to ±5,03 (p-value 0,000). Nocturia also significantly decreased after transuretral resection of the prostate from ±3,46 to ±2,40 (P value 0,003). Lower urinary track symptoms in this patient also getting better after surgery. The international prostat symtoms score decreased after transurethral resection of the prostat from ±21,80 to ±7,67 with P value 0,000 Conclusion. Transuretral resection of prostate improves sleep quality dan decreased lower urinary track symptoms in benign prostate hypertrophy patients.

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Bothmer, A. James. "Prostate Cancer, Prostatic Hypertrophy, and Prostatitis". Health Care on the Internet 6, nr 1-2 (styczeń 2002): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j138v06n01_03.

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Gadyak, І. V., i B. P. Hromovyk. "Dynamics of prostate protectors assortment in the state formulary of medicines of 1-9 issues". Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, nr 5-6 (14.08.2018): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.5-6.17.01.

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Prostatitis is one of the most frequent urology diseases of men of reproductive age. Recommendations for rational pharmacotherapy prostatitis are included into the State Formulary of Medicines, which is reviewed and updated annually. Thus, the aim of our work was to study the dynamics of the assortment of prostate protectors.The State Formulary of Medicines of 1–9 issues and the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine dated 01. 08. 2017 were the materials of the research. The methods of search, content analysis, statistics, comparison and generalization were applied. It was established that the first, second and third issues of State Formulary of Medicines include three therapeutic and chemical subgroups of prostate protectors: alpha-adrenergic receptors antagonists (G04CA), testosterone-5-alpha reductase inhibitors (G04CB), other drugs used in benign prostatic hypertrophy (G04CX). And since the fourth issue – only the first two subgroups of prostate protectors were icnluded. Assortment prostate protectors was stabilized in State Formulary of Medicines of 8, 9 issues. Depth of assortment of the State Formulary of Medicines of the ninth issue is 55,8% in comparison with the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine along with 100% index for prostate protectors trade names based on alfuzosin, terazosin (G04CA – Аntagonists of alpha adrenergic receptors), finasteride and dutasteride (G04CB – Inhibitors of testosterone-5-alpha reductase), as well as the absence of drugs based on silodosin, dutasteride-tamsulosin, solifenacin-tamsulosin (G04CA – Antagonists of alpha-adrenergic receptors) and prostate protectors with G04CX – Other drugs used in benign prostatic hypertrophy.

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Malati, T., G. Rajani Kumari, P. V. L. N. Murthy, Ch Ram Reddy i B. Surya Prakash. "Prostate specific antigen in patients of benign prostate hypertrophy and carcinoma prostate". Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 21, nr 1 (marzec 2006): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02913064.

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Monaco, C., G. Olivo i A. Lotto. "Rationalisation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Choices in Prostatic Hypertrophy". Urologia Journal 64, nr 3 (czerwiec 1997): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039706400306.

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In order to control health care costs, urologists are being urged to review diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. A review was made of some diagnostic choices and alternative therapies for benign prostatic hypertrophy, which is the most frequently encountered pathology in clinical practice. Despite the numerous methods in being, transurethral resection of the prostate is still the gold standard in the treatment of this pathology at an acceptable cost-benefit ratio.

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Kusama, Kazuya, Mayuko Miyagawa, Koichiro Ota, Naoko Kuwabara, Kaori Saeki, Yuki Ohnishi, Yasuhiro Kumaki i in. "Cordyceps militaris Fruit Body Extract Decreases Testosterone Catabolism and Testosterone-Stimulated Prostate Hypertrophy". Nutrients 13, nr 1 (26.12.2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010050.

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The androgens testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are essential for a variety of systemic functions in mature males. Alteration of these hormones results in late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). The fruit bodies of fungi of the genus Cordyceps have been regarded as folk medicine or health food with tonic and antifatigue effects. The extract from the fruit body of Cordyceps militaris parasitizing Samia cynthia ricini (CM) was evaluated as a novel-candidate natural product for ameliorating male andropause symptoms. To explore the effects of CM on LOH and BPH, CM was applied to rat models and cultured testicular cells and prostate cells. The concentrations of androgens in the serum and culture media were determined by ELISA. Expression of steroidogenic enzymes and androgen-related genes was evaluated by qPCR, and prostatic cell proliferation was assessed with the cell-viability assay. CM maintained the serum levels of testosterone and DHT, but inhibited testosterone-induced prostate hypertrophy. CM also increased the secretion of testosterone and DHT by primary testicular cells, with no changes in the mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes, but decreased the growth of prostatic cell lines. Our data suggest that CM could improve both LOH and BPH in males.

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Uggere de Andrade, Tadeu, Leonardo Zanoteli Loiola, Samira Merces Nascimento Alcure, Ana Raquel Santos Medeiros, Maria Carmen Lopes Ferreira Silva Santos, Margareth Ribeiro Moysés, Gláucia Rodrigues de Abreu, Dominik Lenz i Nazaré Souza Bissoli. "Role of the renin–angiotensin system in the nandrolone-decanoate-induced attenuation of the Bezold–Jarisch reflex". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 89, nr 12 (grudzień 2011): 891–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y11-090.

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The androgen nandrolone decanoate (ND) is known to cause cardiovascular abnormalities, such as attenuation of the Bezold–Jarisch Reflex (BJR), cardiac hypertrophy, and elevation of mean arterial pressure (MAP). Futhermore, a relationship between androgens and the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of RAS on the BJR, cardiac and prostatic hypertrophy, and MAP evoked by ND. For this, male Wistar rats were treated with ND (10 mg·(kg body mass)–1 for 8 weeks; DECA), or vehicle (control animals; CON), or enalapril (10 mg·(kg body mass)–1, daily; CONE), or ND and enalapril (10 mg ND + 10 mg enalapril per kilogram of body mass; DECAE). After 8 weeks of treatment, the BJR was evaluated by bradycardia and hypotensive responses that were elicited by serotonin administration (2–32 µg·(kg body mass)–1). MAP was assessed; cardiac and prostate hypertrophy were determined by the ratio of the tissue mass:body mass, and by histological analysis of the heart. Animals from the DECA group showed prostatic and cardiac hypertrophy, elevation in mean arterial pressure, and an impairment of BJR. Co-treatment with enalapril inhibited these changes. The data from the present study suggest that RAS has an impact on BJR attenuation, cardiac and prostatic hypertrophy, and the elevation in MAP evoked by ND.

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Armbruster, D. A. "Prostate-specific antigen: biochemistry, analytical methods, and clinical application". Clinical Chemistry 39, nr 2 (1.02.1993): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.2.181.

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Abstract Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein produced exclusively by prostatic tissue. PSA's absolute tissue specificity makes it valuable as a forensic marker and, more important, as a tumor marker for prostatic cancer. Prostatic cancer is prevalent in the older male population and is a major cause of death in men. Previously, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was used to help diagnose and monitor the efficacy of therapy for prostate cancer. PAP has now been displaced by PSA, which has greater clinical sensitivity even though it has less clinical specificity. PSA is useful for monitoring therapy, particularly surgical prostatectomy, because complete removal of the prostate gland should result in PSA being undetectable. Measurable PSA after radical prostatectomy indicates residual prostatic tissue or metastasis, and increasing PSA concentrations indicate recurrent disease. PSA is also useful for screening selected populations of patients with symptoms indicative of prostate cancer; its use for general screening is debatable because of its less-than-optimal specificity, the cost of unselected screening, and the lack of evidence that early detection of prostate cancer decreases morbidity and mortality. Distinguishing between patients with prostatic cancer and those with benign prostatic hypertrophy is particularly difficult because of the overlap in PSA values in the two groups. Determining the rate of change in PSA per year from serial measurements or calculating the ratio of PSA per volume of the prostate gland may allow these two groups to be more readily differentiated.

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Hati, A. K., B. Paital, K. N. Naik, A. K. Mishra, G. B. N. Chainy i L. K. Nanda. "Constitutional, organopathic and combined homeopathic treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy: a clinical trial". Homeopathy 101, nr 04 (październik 2012): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2012.08.005.

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Background: Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) is common in older men. This study compared homeopathic treatment strategies using constitutional medicines (CM) or organopathic medicines (OM) alone or in combination (BCOM) in patients suffering from BPH.Methods: 220 men aged 30–90 years were recruited in Odisha, India. Patients presenting symptoms of prostatism, with or without evidence of bladder outflow obstruction were included in the study. Patients with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA)> 4 nmol/mL, malignancy, complete urine retention, stone formation and gross bilateral hydronephrosis were excluded. Patients were sequentially allocated to OM, CM or BCOM. The main outcome measure was the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS).Results: 73, 70 and 77 patients respectively were sequentially allocated to OM, CM or BCOM. 180 patients (60 per group) completed treatment and were included in the final analysis. Overall 85% of patients showed improvement of subjective symptoms such as frequency, urgency, hesitancy, intermittent flow, unsatisfactory urination, feeble stream, diminution of residual urine volume but there was no reduction in prostate size. Treatment response was highest with BCOM (38.24%) compared to OM (31.62%) and CM (30.15%). Effect sizes were highest for the decrease in IPSS, residual urine volume and urinary flow rate.

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Baldini, Arnaud, Hakim Fassi-Fehri, Ricardo C. Duarte, Sebastien Crouzet, René Ecochard, Nadia Abid, Xavier Martin, Lionel Badet i Marc Colombel. "Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate versus Laparoscopic Transcapsular Prostatectomy: Perioperative Results and Three-Month Follow-Up". Current Urology 10, nr 2 (2016): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000447156.

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Purpose: Symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy greater than 70 cc used to be treated by invasive procedures. Holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) and laparoscopic transcapsular prostatectomy (LTP) are two techniques whose efficacy has been demonstrated compared to standard onesmore invasive standard procedures. The objective was to evaluate and compare perioperative results from these two techniques for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy greater than 70 cc. Methods: This was a non-randomized retrospective study comparing the HoLEP technique with LTP. From January 2012 to January 2015, 39 patients had HoLEP and 28 had LTP. Perioperative outcomes, complications, and functional results at 3 months were compared. A chi-2 squared test and Student's t test were used for statistical analysis. Results: In multivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant difference in favor of HoLEP for the duration of catheterization (1.9 vs. 3.7 days; p = 0.004) and the average length of stay (2.8 vs. 4.0 days, p = 0.010). There was a trend towards a greater decrease in postoperative hemoglobin levels in LTP (138 vs. 218 g/l; p = 0.082), which was statistically significant in univariate analysis (p = 0.033). Other endpoints were not significant, particularly the enucleated prostate volume compared to the total prostate volume (61.8 vs. 68.4%; p = 0.319) and postoperative complications. Conclusion: There was no increased morbidity for LTP compared to the HoLEP technique. However, the HoLEP technique appeared to be a less invasive technique, reducing the duration of catheterization, blood loss, and the average length of stay while maintaining good efficacy for the enucleated prostate volume.

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B.E, Arayombo, Adewole O. S., Ojo S. K, Adelodun S.T, Adefule A. K., Bejide R. A., Salako K. A., Olabanji I. O. i Ojewole J. A.O. "Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Mimosa Pudica on Experimentally-Induced Prostatic Hyperplasia". International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 9, nr 02 (19.02.2018): 20439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/02/433.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia, a non-cancerous condition of unknown etiology, is the most common prostatic disease in men globally. The present study investigated the possible ameliorative effects of aqueous extracts of Mimosa pudica on experimentally-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Wistar rats. Twenty adult, male Wistar rats weighing 120-180 g were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, D) of five animals each. Group A, normal control, was given corn oil only; Group B rats were hormone-treated. Groups C and D rats were hormone and extract treated, and received continuous doses of 300 μg and 80 μg of testosterone and estradiol, respectively, on alternate days for three weeks subcutaneously in the inguinal region. The extract-treated rats received an additional 400 mg/kg b. w and 800 mg/kg b. w. of M. pudica orally for another four weeks. Immediately after induction of benign prostatic hypertrophy, some animals were randomly selected and sacrificed for gross inspection of prostate enlargement, prostate specific antigen analysis (PSA) and sperm count evaluation. These procedures were repeated again after four weeks of extract treatment. The prostates were excised and processed routinely for paraffin embedding and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Results obtained showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in PSA levels, increase in sperm count and also a reversal of histological hyperplastic changes.

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Robles, J. Morote, A. Ruibal Morell, J. A. De Torres Mateos i A. Soler Roselló. "Clinical Behaviour of Prostatic Specific Antigen and Prostatic Acid Phosphatase: A Comparative Study". International Journal of Biological Markers 4, nr 2 (kwiecień 1989): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460088900400205.

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We assayed prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) serum levels in 1383 patients using a double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) I125. Establishing the upper normal limit in 10 ng/ml PSA and 2.5 ng/ml for PAP, the false positive results were only 1.9 and 5.1 percent in men with non-prostatic benign or malignant pathology and respectively 0 and 2.2 percent in women. We detected false positive levels for these two tumoral markers in 3.5 and 4.7 percent of patients with non-complicated benign prostatic hypertrophy, 64.8 and 19.2 percent in complicated benign prostatic hypertrophy, 24 and 16 percent in acute prostatitis and 3.3 percent in chronic prostatitis. The sensitivity in patients with prostate cancer was 87.2 percent for PSA and 64.1 percent for PAP, and there was a better correlation with PSA than PAP for tumoral spread and histological grading. Finally, clinical efficacy was higher with PSA and was no better when both markers were assayed.

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Zacharie, Sando. "Body Mass Index as a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostate Hypertrophy: a Comparative Study at Three Reference Hospitals in Cameroon". Recent Advances in Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 04, nr 04 (28.12.2018): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2454.8642.201817.

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Albertsen, Peter C., Peter R. Carroll, Joseph A. Smith i Stuart S. Howards. "1425: Contemporary Surgical Management of Benign Prostate Hypertrophy". Journal of Urology 175, nr 4S (kwiecień 2006): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(18)33629-2.

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Stepanov, N., Z. Duvayarov, I, Bystrova, T. Chepaikina i V. Kostrova. "Optimization of Early Diagnostics of Prostate Cancer". Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, nr 5 (15.05.2020): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/54/12.

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The prevalence and incidence of prostate cancer is gradually increasing both in our country and in countries near and far abroad. The difficulties in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer are convincingly evidenced by the fact that the level of diagnostic errors reaches 40%. It should be noted that in assessing the differential diagnostic capabilities of the indicators of the clinical and special examination methods for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms, disagreements were found in 46–77% of the analyzed clinical signs, the changes of which mainly reflect the negative nature of the effect of tumor decay products on the patient’s body. The aim of the study was to improve the early diagnosis of prostate cancer by using the mathematical method of differential diagnosis of prostate pathology, as well as the rationale for the proposed method for early diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with clinical symptoms. Using our proposed method for early diagnosis of prostate cancer makes the diagnosis not only reliable and accurate, but also independent of the level of qualification of the urologist and his personal experience, allows you to unify, optimize and personify the differential diagnosis of prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer.

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Costello, T. G., i A. J. Costello. "Anaesthesia for Laser Prostatectomy". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 22, nr 4 (sierpień 1994): 454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9402200422.

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A retrospective review was undertaken to examine current anaesthetic practice in a single institution for the management of patients undergoing laser ablation of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy at St Vincent's Private Hospital, Melbourne. Two groups of patients (totalling 72) were identified, one undergoing the surgery with a regional anaesthetic technique and a smaller group on full anticoagulant therapy for associated medical problems where general anaesthesia was preferred.

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Gadelha, C. R. F., W. R. R. Vicente, A. P. C. Ribeiro, M. F. Apparício, G. J. Covizzi i L. D. S. Machado. "Age-related ultrasonography, cytology, and microbiologic exam of canine prostate". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 61, nr 6 (grudzień 2009): 1261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352009000600002.

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The physiological parameters that could be reference for trustful diagnosis and prognosis of prostate disorders in dogs were obtained. Thirty six intact male dogs without clinical signs of neither prostatic nor reproductive disorders were allocated according the age in three groups. These animals were submitted to semen manual collection for microbiological exams; transabdominal ultrasonography to evaluate dimensions, ecogenicity, and texture of prostatic parenchyma and aspirative puncture with fine needle for cytological and microbiological analyses. Ultrasonography revealed that the predominant prostatic shape was round with regular surface. Dimensions varied according to age, being small in young animals and large in old ones. There was a positive correlation between prostatic dimensions and body weight. Microbiological exams detected microorganisms on seminal plasma from 11 dogs and prostate tissue aspirated from 10 animals, although they were healthy. Cytology did not reveal any inflammatory, proliferative, or neoplasic alteration in young and middle age dogs, but in three older dogs signs of hyperplasia/hypertrophy was found. It was observed positive correlation between age and cellular area but a negative correlation was observed between nucleus:cytoplasm ratio and craniocaudal dimension.

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Furlan, Stefanie R., David J. Kang i Armando Armas. "Prostatic Carcinosarcoma with Lung Metastases". Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/790790.

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Carcinosarcoma of the prostate is an uncommon malignancy with poor long-term prognosis. The cancer is typically discovered at an advanced stage, and with less than 100 reported cases, there is limited literature concerning treatment options. Our patient presented with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy, erectile dysfunction, and nocturia. Biopsy of his prostate indicated that the patient had prostatic adenocarcinoma, but histopathology after prostatectomy revealed carcinosarcoma. It has been over six years since this patient’s diagnosis of carcinosarcoma. Over this span of time, he has received a radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and androgen ablative therapy. The patient also developed multiple lung metastases that have been treated with video-assisted thoracic surgery and stereotactic body radiosurgery. Overall, he has remained unimpaired and in good condition despite his aggressive form of cancer.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Estimation of Testosterone, Estradiol and some Markers in Sera of Iraqi Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." Baghdad Science Journal 10, nr 4 (1.12.2013): 1162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.4.1162-1171.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common disease and major cause of morbidity in elderly men which may lead to bladder outflow obstruction and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Although sex steroid hormones play fundamental roles in prostate growth, their clinical significance is not completely clear. In the present study we assessed whether serum hormones levels as markers of prostate disease. This study includes (40) patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and (40) control group with age rang (41-79) and (42-71) years respectively. The following biochemical investigations have been studied: Testosterone, Estradiol (E2), and Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA) levels using ELISA method which correlated with the disease. Also body mass index (BMI), the prostate size by digital rectal examination (DRE), flow rate, and American Urology Association Symptoms Index (AUASI), of the patients which correlate hormones levels with age. The testosterone concentrations were significantly lower in patients with BPH than control group (p?0.05), while the Estradiol and PSA concentrations were significantly higher in patients with BPH than control group (p?0.05). The net result is a significant decrease in the T/E2 ratio allowing the imbalance between androgens and estrogen regulation of prostate growth to shift towards estrogen dominance. It has been proposed that increased estrogenic stimulation of the prostate in the aging male may lead to reactivation of growth and subsequent hyperplasia transformation

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Merrick, Gregory S., Wayne M. Butler, Kent E. Wallner, Jonathan H. Lief, Ashley Hinerman-Mulroy i Robert W. Galbreath. "Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity and benign prostate hypertrophy predict for PSA spikes following prostate brachytherapy". Brachytherapy 2, nr 3 (styczeń 2003): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1538-4721(03)00130-2.

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Kawamura, Hideki, Shinji Hirakawa, Ryosuke Nemoto, Ikuo Miyagawa i Katsuaki Matsui. "PROSTATE CANCER AFTER SUBCAPSULAR PROSTATECTOMY DIAGNOSED AS BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERTROPHY-CLINICO-PAHHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS". Japanese Journal of Urology 83, nr 11 (1992): 1823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5980/jpnjurol1989.83.1823.

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Comeri, G. "Clinical Experiment Comparing 3 Pharmacological Treatments of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy: Terazosin Vs. Finasteride Vs. Terazosin + Finasteride". Urologia Journal 64, nr 3 (czerwiec 1997): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039706400309.

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The tone of the smooth prostate muscle and the presence of hyperplastic tissue represent the dynamic and passive components respectively of the obstructive symptomatology present in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The contractile properties are mediated primarily by the alpha-1 type adrenergic receptors, which are found in great numbers in the stroma of the gland and in the prostatic capsule. The use of Terazosin, a selective alpha-1 blocker, has proved to be effective in the improvement of BPH symptoms associated with the hypertone of the smooth muscle. The assumption that androgens play an important role in hypertrophy of the prostate has introduced drugs into the treatment which are capable of blocking the synthesis and the action of testosterone and, in particular, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Finasteride is an inhibitor of 5-alpha-reductase, the enzyme inside the prostatic epithelial cells which converts the testosterone into DHT. A multicentre study has therefore been carried out aimed at assessing, after 9 months treatment, the efficacy and tolerability of three pharmacological treatments: Terazosin, Finasteride and a combination of the two, in 146 patients with symptomatic BPH. Results of the study indicate that the drugs were well tolerated and that the efficacy in resolving the obstructive symptomatology was particularly accentuated and rapid in the groups treated with Terazosin, the action of which, in this respect, has proved to be more significant than that of Finasteride.

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34

Strada, G., E. Longoni, R. Musci, P. Favini, M. Andre i A. Baccalin. "Semi conductor lasers in the treatment of benign prostate pathologies". Urologia Journal 59, nr 1_suppl (styczeń 1992): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205901s17.

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Treatment of benign prostate pathology often has no effect on the symptomatology of the patient. For this reason we used an infrared laser ray, of which the biophysical effects on tissue are well noted: stimulation of lymphatic drainage, pain reduction, microcirculation, trophism and tissue elasticity increase. The laser was used on the prostate via an endorectal probe that gave compactness and orthogonality to the ray that is transmitted along 5 optic fibres. Between January 1991 and January 1992 we treated, following a rigorous enforcement of the requirements of the inclusion protocol, 80 patients with ages ranging from 25 to 77 years. Of these 40 suffered from abacterial chronic prostatitis (ACP), and 40 from early symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) with a prostate diameter of < 4 cm. The preliminary results (with a 3 month follow-up) were satisfactory especially regarding the subjective symptomatology: BPH 75%; ACP 85%. The advantages of this method are: good results in selected cases (follow-up still limited), complete harmlessness, high tolerability, possibility of repeating the treatment, excellent cost-benefit ratio. The limitations are: exclusion from the protocol of neurologic bladders, bladder stones, median lobe of the prostate and the progressive loss of efficiency with the growth of the prostatic diameter.

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Mearini, Luigi, Elisabetta Costantini, Alessandro Zucchi, Ettore Mearini, Vittorio Bini, Emanuele Cottini i Massimo Porena. "Testosterone Levels in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer". Urologia Internationalis 80, nr 2 (2008): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000112602.

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Jha, Aditya A., Gagandeep Singh, Madhu Govindaiah i Nimit Solanki. "Predictors of successful trial with-out catheter following acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy". International Surgery Journal 7, nr 11 (23.10.2020): 3718. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20204679.

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Background: Acute urinary retention (AUR) is one of the most psychologically distressing complications of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Attempt of trial without urinary catheter (TWOC) is given to all these patients, failing which they are subjected to surgical management. This study was conducted to analyse the possible predictors of successful trials in such patients.Methods: Patients reporting to our centre with a first episode of spontaneous AUR secondary to BPH were enrolled. Following per-urethral catheterization residual urine volume (RUV) drained, duration of symptoms and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) were recorded. Using trans-abdominal ultrasonography (USG) prostate volume (PV), intra-vesicle prostate protrusion (IPP) and bladder wall thickness (BWT) were measured. Catheter free trial was given after a course of tamsulosin. Success was defined if patients could void >200 ml of urine within six hours of catheter removal with a maximum flow rate of >5 ml/sec and achieved a post void residual (PVR) urine volume of <150 ml.Results: Ninety patients with 58 in successful and 32 in failed group were analysed. Significantly lesser age, IPSS, RUV, IPP and BWT was noted in successful group. Duration of LUTS and PV on USG were statistically insignificant parameters in determining a successful trial.Conclusions: Age, IPSS, RUV, IPP and BWT may have a role in predicting successful TWOC following AUR secondary to BPH.

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Fini, M., G. F. Vagliani, A. Perrone, G. Salvi, G. Misuriello, A. Di Silverio, G. Batoumeni i in. "Epidemiological Findings on the Prevalence of Dysuria and Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy in 7303 Patients over 50 Years Old". Urologia Journal 61, nr 3 (czerwiec 1994): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039406100302.

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From April 1989 to April 1994 we performed a mass-screening for early diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma (by D.R.E.) on 7303 men aged 50-79 years. Moreover we evaluated the prevalence of obstructive urinary symptoms and clinically significant B.P.H. We found a prevalence rate of benign prostatic hyperplasia of 17.3% (1259/7303). The most commonly found were incomplete bladder emptying, dribbling and weak stream force. The prevalence of urinary symptoms rose significantly with increasing age and prostate size (evaluated also by T.R.U.S. on 480 men). We haven't found clear correlations between BPH and occupational or environmental risk factors. Despite the good knowledge about the development of pathological B.P.H., there is little agreement about the definition of the clinical patterns of the disease. For Garraway, B.P.H. is an enlargement of the prostate gland for an equivalent weight >20 g. in the presence of symptoms of urinary dysfunction and/or a urinary peak flow rate < 15 ml/s. Our study presents some correlations with Garraway's experience, making use of clinical and morphological evaluations. A correct clinical and social interpretation of the disease will be feasible only by comparing populations with similar diagnostic and therapeutical patterns.

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Jones, Jeremy O., Eric C. Bolton, Yong Huang, Clementine Feau, R. Kiplin Guy, Keith R. Yamamoto, Byron Hann i Marc I. Diamond. "Non-competitive androgen receptor inhibition in vitro and in vivo". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, nr 17 (10.04.2009): 7233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0807282106.

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Androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors are used to treat multiple human diseases, including hirsutism, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and prostate cancer, but all available anti-androgens target only ligand binding, either by reduction of available hormone or by competitive antagonism. New strategies are needed, and could have an important impact on therapy. One approach could be to target other cellular mechanisms required for receptor activation. In prior work, we used a cell-based assay of AR conformation change to identify non-ligand inhibitors of AR activity. Here, we characterize 2 compounds identified in this screen: pyrvinium pamoate, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, and harmol hydrochloride, a natural product. Each compound functions by a unique, non-competitive mechanism and synergizes with competitive antagonists to disrupt AR activity. Harmol blocks DNA occupancy by AR, whereas pyrvinium does not. Pyrvinium inhibits AR-dependent gene expression in the prostate gland in vivo, and induces prostate atrophy. These results highlight new therapeutic strategies to inhibit AR activity.

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Vennila, R., B. Natesan, S. Thasneem Ban i U. Umadevi. "Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Patients with Benign Prostate Hypertrophy before Transurethral Resection of Prostate (Turp)". International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, nr 04 (10.04.2019): 1987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.804.232.

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Benson, Mitchell C., Ihn Seong Whang, Allan Pantuck, Kenneth Ring, Steven A. Kaplan, Carl A. Olsson i William H. Cooner. "Prostate Specific Antigen Density: A Means of Distinguishing Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer". Journal of Urology 147, nr 3 Part 2 (marzec 1992): 815–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)37393-7.

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Stamatiou, Konstantinos, Alevizos Alevizos, Mohamed Natzar, Constantinos Mihas, Anargiros Mariolis, Emmanouel Michalodimitrakis i Fragiskos Sofras. "Associations among benign prostate hypertrophy, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and latent carcinoma of the prostate". Asian Journal of Andrology 9, nr 2 (marzec 2007): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7262.2007.00187.x.

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Nicholson, Tristan M., Emily A. Ricke, Paul C. Marker, Joseph M. Miano, Robert D. Mayer, Barry G. Timms, Frederick S. vom Saal, Ronald W. Wood i William A. Ricke. "Testosterone and 17β-Estradiol Induce Glandular Prostatic Growth, Bladder Outlet Obstruction, and Voiding Dysfunction in Male Mice". Endocrinology 153, nr 11 (1.11.2012): 5556–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2012-1522.

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Abstract Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) are common in older men and can contribute to lower urinary tract symptoms that significantly impact quality of life. Few existing models of BOO and BPH use physiological levels of hormones associated with disease progression in humans in a genetically manipulable organism. We present a model of BPH and BOO induced in mice with testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2). Male mice were surgically implanted with slow-releasing sc pellets containing 25 mg T and 2.5 mg E2 (T+E2). After 2 and 4 months of hormone treatment, we evaluated voiding patterns and examined the gross morphology and histology of the bladder, urethra, and prostate. Mice treated with T+E2 developed significantly larger bladders than untreated mice, consistent with BOO. Some mice treated with T+E2 had complications in the form of bladder hypertrophy, diverticula, calculi, and eventual decompensation with hydronephrosis. Hormone treatment caused a significant decrease in the size of the urethral lumen, increased prostate mass, and increased number of prostatic ducts associated with the prostatic urethra, compared with untreated mice. Voiding dysfunction was observed in mice treated with T+E2, who exhibited droplet voiding pattern with significantly decreased void mass, shorter void duration, and fewer sustained voids. The constellation of lower urinary tract abnormalities, including BOO, enlarged prostates, and voiding dysfunction seen in male mice treated with T+E2 is consistent with BPH in men. This model is suitable for better understanding molecular mechanisms and for developing novel strategies to address BPH and BOO.

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Richert-Boe, K. E., L. L. Humphrey, A. G. Glass i N. S. Weiss. "Screening digital rectal examination and prostate cancer mortality: a case-control study". Journal of Medical Screening 5, nr 2 (1.06.1998): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jms.5.2.99.

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Background Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancer in men in the United States. Digital rectal examination is the oldest and most commonly used screening test for prostate cancer, but as yet there are no studies which demonstrate its effectiveness. Methods A case-control study was conducted among members of a large health maintenance organisation to estimate the effect of screening digital rectal examination on mortality from prostate cancer. 150 men, aged 40–84 when cancer was diagnosed, who developed fatal prostate cancer, and 299 male controls matched for age who did not die from prostate cancer were studied. A history of screening digital rectal examination during the 10 years before the date on which cancer was diagnosed was determined from medical records. Results A similar proportion of men who died from prostate cancer and controls had undergone at least one screening digital rectal examination during the 10 year interval (odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.48 to 1.46). Similar results were obtained when a shorter interval (such as five years before diagnosis) during which screening histories were evaluated was considered, or in analyses in which men with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy were excluded. Conclusions The data suggest that screening digital rectal examination does not reduce mortality from prostate cancer to any appreciable degree.

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Sadiq, Sarah, Abdul Khaliq Naveed, Palvasha Waheed, Fatima Qaiser i Shoaib N. Hashmi. "PROSTATE AND BREAST CANCER". Professional Medical Journal 25, nr 05 (10.05.2018): 703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.05.312.

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Background: CK2, a serine/threonine, protein kinase, targets over and above300 substrates including c-Myc. CK2 expression is elevated in human cancers includingbreast cancer and prostate cancer. c-Myc protooncogene expression is also up-regulated inthese cancers. Objectives: To evaluate the co expression and correlation of CK2 and c-Mycin prostate cancer as compared to their correlation in breast cancer. Study Design: Crosssectional analytical study. Setting: Army Medical College and AFIP, Duration: Two years.Methods: A retrospective study of immunohistochemical analysis, approved by Armed ForcesInstitute of Pathology Ethical Committee. Paraffin embedded tissues of diagnosed prostatecancer, 30 in number, 30 cases of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) and 30 cases of breastadenocarcinoma, were included in the study. We stained tissue sections for CK2 and c-Mycand measured staining intensity for each protein expression. Data analysis was done by SPSSversion 20. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for correlating the expression of bothproteins. P-value was calculated. Results: A strong correlation of CK2 with c-Myc was seen inprostate cancer tissue, in comparison to BPH. There was a very significant correlation presentbetween CK2 and c-Myc, especially in invasive cases of breast cancer. Conclusion: CK2 andc-Myc expressions are highly and significantly correlated in prostate cancer and breast cancerespecially in invasive cases. CK2 has influence over c-Myc and both can be used for forecastingthe cancer phenotype and aggression of disease.

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45

Pitrolo, G., A. Alborghetti i V. Bano. "Intraoperative recovery of blood during TURP". Urologia Journal 59, nr 1_suppl (styczeń 1992): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205901s28.

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In consideration of surgical case histories in their hospital and the transfusion risks to which patients operated for Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy are exposed, the authors decided to verify the possibility of applying intraoperative recovery of blood in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The preliminary study of 31 cases provided data which were encouraging with regard to the possibility of using this method and the reinfusion of the red cells recovered. The second phase involved the successful treatment of 53 patients who thus received the blood they had lost during surgery.

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46

Rock, R. C., D. W. Chan, D. Bruzek, C. Waldron, J. Oesterling i P. Walsh. "Evaluation of a monoclonal immunoradiometric assay for prostate-specific antigen." Clinical Chemistry 33, nr 12 (1.12.1987): 2257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.12.2257.

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Abstract We evaluated the analytical performance of a new monoclonal immunoradiometric assay ("M-PSA") for prostate-specific antigen ("Tandem"; Hybritech Inc.) in comparison with a monoclonal immunoradiometric assay ("M-PAP") for mass measurement of prostatic acid phosphatase ("Tandem") and with a conventional enzyme-activity assay ("E-PAP") for prostatic acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2). For M-PSA, the CVs were 1.3-3.0% within-run and 3.0-4.9% between-run. The minimum detectable mass concentration was 0.10 microgram/L, and linearity extended to 100 micrograms/L. The reference interval for M-PSA in 178 healthy men was 0-2.8 micrograms/L. Serum specimens from men with prostatic disease (primarily prostatic carcinoma and benign prostatic hypertrophy) were assayed by the three methods. Correlation was best between mass measurement (M-PAP) and enzyme activity (E-PAP) for prostatic acid phosphatase (r = 0.958). Results for PSA did not correlate well with those for either M-PAP (r = 0.629) or E-PAP (r = 0.387). PSA was increased in a higher percentage of specimens from men with earlier (clinical stage B) prostatic carcinoma than were results from either assay for PAP.

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47

Xiao, Zhiguang, i Stephen R. Hammes. "Amphiregulin-EGFR Autocrine Signaling Mediates Neutrophil Elastase-Triggered Prostate Cancer Progression". Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (1.05.2021): A1010—A1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.2067.

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Abstract Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a serine protease stored in neutrophil azurophilic granules. Growing evidence indicates that NE is intimately involved in the activities of proinflammatory cytokines / chemokines, growth factors, and cell surface receptors. These molecular regulations can modulate innate immune responses as well as directly promote cancer cell outgrowth. To date, however, little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the stimulatory properties of NE in cancer cells. Here we examine NE effects on prostate cells, demonstrating that NE triggers proliferative signals and cell migration in six prostate cell lines representing the spectrum of prostate cell malignancy, including normal prostatic epithelium, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and metastatic prostate cancer. Using ERK activation as a read-out, we show that NE promotes ERK phosphorylation in a dose dependent manner, and time course study further reveal a sustained ERK activation upon NE treatment. Western blot evaluation demonstrates strong EGFR expression in cell lines derived from normal and benign prostatic gland, and preferential expression in hormone resistant versus hormone responsive cells. In agreement with EGFR-dependent mitogenic signaling, activation of ERK is abrogated by siRNA-mediated EGFR knockdown, as well as by pretreatment of cells with irreversible EGFR inhibitor AG1478. Importantly, NE evokes cancer cell migration at a lower range of NE concentrations relative to nonneoplastic cells. In prostate cells, from a total of seven EGFR ligands, amphiregulin (AREG) is predominantly expressed, and the addition of NE results in the release of AREG. Moreover, AREG gene silencing by siRNA or inhibition of AREG biological activity by neutralizing antibody, prevents NE-induced ERK phosphorylation and cell migration. Together, our study reveals a distinct and essential role of AREG-EGFR signaling axis in NE-triggered prostatic cellular response.

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Diaz, F., M. Morell i G. Rojo. "Usefulness of PSA Density and PSA Excess in the Differential Diagnosis between Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy". International Journal of Biological Markers 11, nr 1 (styczeń 1996): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460089601100103.

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The usefulness of PSA density (PSAD) was evaluated in relation to the volume of the transitional zone (PSAT) and PSA excess. With this purpose we conducted a study including 27 patients diagnosed as having prostatic cancer (PC) and 46 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). In all of them, the PSA concentration in the serum was determined as well as the total prostatic volume and the transitional zone volume; digital rectal examination (DRE) was also performed. The major diagnostic efficacy was obtained with the excess of PSA (73%, cutoff = -13 ng/ml), followed by DRE (68%), PSAT (64%, cutoff = 0.5), PSAD (64%, cutoff = 0.2), and lastly PSA and ultrasonography (60%). Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) demonstrated PSA excess and DRE to be the best predictors. The model obtained by regression shows the best positive predictive value, and PSA excess the best negative predictive value. Consequently, PSA excess could be relevant in prostate cancer diagnosis.

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49

Sellers, Jake, Rachel G. Wagstaff, Naseem Helo i Werner T. W. de Riese. "Quantitative measurements of prostatic zones by MRI and their dependence on prostate size: possible clinical implications in prostate cancer". Therapeutic Advances in Urology 13 (styczeń 2021): 175628722110008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17562872211000852.

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Aim: Many studies support an inverse relationship between benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) size and incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), but the causal link between these conditions is poorly understood. Recent studies suggest that a growing transition zone (TZ) in the prostate may induce pressure on the outer peripheral zone (PZ), leading to atrophy of the glandular tissue where PCa often originates, providing a possible explanation for this interaction. To further investigate this phenomenon, our pilot study uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine quantitative zonal changes in a consecutive cohort of prostates. Methods: MRI scans of male patients [ n = 204, 61.57 ± 13.90 years, average body mass index (BMI) 29.05 kg/m2] with various prostate sizes were analyzed statistically to identify possible associations between prostate parameters, such as total prostate volume (TPV) and peripheral zone thickness (PZT). Results: TPV and PZT demonstrated a weak, inverse correlation ( r = −0.21, p = 0.002). However, when examining the plotted data, the relationship between TPV and PZT was significantly different when the cohort was divided into two groups; lower TPV: ⩽87.5 ml ( n = 188, TPV xˉ = 36.01 ± 18.18 ml), and higher TPV: >87.5 ml ( n = 17, TPV xˉ = 125.69 ± 41.13 ml). Average PZT differed significantly between these groups (z = −3.5554, p = 0.0004). Conclusions: PZT was significantly different for patients with lower versus higher TPVs, suggesting that, above a certain point of BPH growth, the PZ is unable to withstand pressure from an expanding TZ, supporting the notion that growing BPH causes compression of the PZ glandular tissue, and, therefore, BPH may be protective against PCa.

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Curlewis, JD, i GM Stone. "Some Effects of Breeding Season and Castration on the Prostate and Epididymis of the Brushtail Possum, Trichosurus vulpecula". Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 38, nr 3 (1985): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9850313.

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In an attempt to understand the mechanism(s) responsible for the reported marked seasonal increase in prostatic, but not epididymal, weight in T. vulpecula, a number of parameters were measured in tissues from mature, entire males sampled within and outside of the breeding season and from castrates. Conditions for the measurement of cytosol androgen receptors were also established. The weight of both the prostate and the epididymis was significantly elevated in the breeding season but the relative increase in prostate weight was considerably greater. The increase in prostatic weight was associated with a decrease in DNA: g tissue and an increase in protein: DNA and RNA: DNA ratios, each indicative of cellular hypertrophy and/or accumulation of secretory product. In the epididymis there were no significant seasonal changes in RNA: DNA, protein: DNA or DNA: g tissue ratios. Low-capacity, high-affinity binding was demonstrated in the epididymal and prostatic cytosols and values for the equilibrium association constants and receptor concentrations were within the range reported for androgen receptors in eutherian species. The temperature sensitivity of the binding, steroid specificity and slow dissociation in the cold indicated that in both tissues cystosol receptor and not androgen-binding or serum-binding protein(s) were being measured. In prostatic, but not epididymal, cytosol a low level of progesterone binding was observed and was masked by triamcinolone acetonide. When expressed in terms of tissue DNA, cytosol androgen receptor level in the prostate only was elevated in the breeding season. Prostatic tissue showed a low level of 5a-reductase in vitro which was not influenced by season. However, both tissues showed a high concentration of 5a-dihydrotestosterone and in the prostate, where seasonal effects were measured, the concentration was higher in the breeding season. This indicates that although 5a-dihydrotestosterone is the likely active androgen in the prostate it may be formed elsewhere. Part of the explanation for the increased growth of the prostate in the breeding season appears to be a change in receptor concentration coupled with elevated tissue androgen level.

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Prostate – Hypertrophy”

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