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Data publikacji: 25 lipca 2024

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1

Nielsen, Beatrice Helena Date. "War on Culture: The Destruction of Cultural Property During Civil Wars". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579303.

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Acts of violence against civilians during conflict is a topic that has been examined increasingly in the literature on civil war. However, a systematic study on the destruction of cultural and religious sites as a strategic means to achieve territorial control has not yet been explored. I examine this aspect of civilian targeting in this project, and I argue that in many cases, combatants use cultural property as a tool to gain territory, coerce civilians, public perception, and degrade the social fabric of a given religion or population. In preliminary research, I have observed that destruction of a population‘s cultural property indicates and precurses a willingness to destroy human lives. Through a cross-national empirical analysis of civil wars in Iraq and Syria after 1990, I anticipate that the destruction of culturally significant objects and sites is not collateral damage during civil war, but rather intentional actions through which combatants achieve and exert power.
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2

Foxton, David Andrew. "Property, liberty and obligation : the judicial role in the Great War". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367528.

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Kochavi, Shir. "Salvage to restitution : 'heirless' Jewish cultural property in Post-World War II". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18622/.

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Despite the extensive research over the past twenty years on Holocaust related restitution, little is known about the disposal process of ‘heirless’ Jewish cultural property at Central Collecting Points (CCPs) in Germany. This thesis follows the involvement of two institutions in this process: the Bezalel Museum in Jerusalem and the Jewish Museum in New York. In the early 1950s, both museums were used as repositories for a large number of the items shipped from Germany by the staff of the Jewish Cultural Reconstruction (JCR) that was responsible for the allocation of ‘heirless’ Jewish property. By analyzing primary sources from the personal archive of the first director of the Bezalel Museum, Mordecai Narkiss, I will demonstrate the conflicting viewpoints of Narkiss and the JCR personnel that led to the eventual sale of a portion of the objects. After the traumatic events of the Holocaust strengthened the Zionist concept identifying Israel as the only place for the Jewish people, Narkiss went to Europe to find and ship to Israel remaining Jewish cultural objects. This was one aspect of a larger salvage project that several cultural organizations in Israel and in the USA promoted at the time. Narkiss’s unique approach called for the incorporation of all items made or owned by Jews into the category of Jewish art. The foundations for this all-inclusive view are explored through the development of the idea of Kinnus, or ingathering, of cultural artefacts of a people, which stressed the importance of Jewish cultural heritage and shifted in the post-Holocaust years to salvage and later to restitution. Relying on the post-war interpretation of these three leading concepts, Kinnus, salvage and restitution demonstrate the influence of the Holocaust on the formation of the collections of both museums.
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4

Birch, Thomas. "The provenance and technology of Iron Age war booty from southern Scandinavia". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=210816.

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Across southern Scandinavia are some 30 known weapon depositions made in former lakes from the Roman Iron Age (0-375 CE), seven of which are large-scale war booty sacrifices entailing material culture from whole defeated armies. The major weapon deposits contain spears, lances, shields, swords, knives and other militaria, representing a colossal sum of iron – at one site, some 6000 objects totalling 500kg of iron metal. This thesis presents an enquiry into the provenance of the iron used to make these weapons. The aim was to learn more about the origins of the armies through provenancing their weapons. Using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), as well as other analytical techniques, this study analysed 13 lances, a single spear and 10 knives from two of the main weapon deposits, and was able to demonstrate regional and subregional provenance hypotheses for each item. The results demonstrate that the iron used in weapon manufacture originated from across Scandinavia, notably Norway and Jutland. The sampled weapons were studied metallographically, showing the lances to be highly standardised weapon products made in a single workshop by distinguished crafstpeople. The knives reflect a diverse range of construction methods associated with localised non-specialist manufacture. The results were used to support an existing 'band of brothers' theory, instigating that the armies were made up of individuals from across Scandinavia (represented by their personal items) who were issued standardised war gear as part of a larger collective force. In order to provenance the iron weapons, it was necessary to develop a robust analytical method. This involved studying the behaviour of trace elements in experimental smelting systems to improve the existing methodology by further validation and refinement. The results from the method development are deemed to be a significant step in iron provenance studies in archaeology.
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5

Daniel, Marko. "Art and propaganda : the battle for cultural property in the Spanish Civil War". Thesis, University of Essex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285847.

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Bastos, Maria Ines S. R. "Winning the battle to lose the war? : the US/Brazilian dispute over the 'informatics' policy". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386155.

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Jackson, Andrew John. "Rural property rights and the survival of historic landed estates in the late twentieth century". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1349887/.

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This thesis examines the evidence for the decline and survival of historic landed estates since the end of the nineteenth century. The focus is on the processes of adaptation undergone by those estates that have survived over the post-war period. These processes are described in this study as a 'compromise' of 'traditional' landed estate characteristics. The particular approach taken by this research is to focus on the manipulation of property rights as a way of comprehending estate survival strategies. The work observes how various forms of legislation and the emergence of other powerful interest groups have acted to increasingly constrain the rights of rural landowners. A conceptual framework indicates how wide-ranging political, economic and social changes, and alterations to family circumstances, are reflected in the changing division and sub-division of owner, occupier and user rights over historic landed estates. The research is based on a micro-level investigation of an estate in south-east Devon. It examines how the political activities of the estate's owners represent attempts made by them to publicise their position and to defend their property rights. Subsequently, the study investigates the evolution of the estate over the post-war period in terms of its ownership and management, size, occupancy, economic activities, and local relations. Particular attention is paid to a series of 'critical' moments when changing circumstances required the formulation of major survival strategies. The study examines the central place of property rights and their accompanying responsibilities, observing how the allocation and re-allocation of property rights has become particularly fluid, complex and contested, and how the manipulation of property rights represents the response of estate owners to both opportunities and threats. The findings of the case study are also considered more broadly, that is, in relation to the position of rural landowners in general in the late twentieth century countryside
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8

Baillie, Britt Alexandra. "The wounded church : war, destruction and reconstruction of Vukovar's religious heritage". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609351.

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Mora, Agathe Camille. "Rough justice : an ethnography of property restitution and the law in post-war Kosovo". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31296.

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This thesis is an ethnography of the practice of property restitution in post-war Kosovo. The site of the largest European Union rule of law mission (EULEX) outside its member states, Kosovo is a paradigmatic case of liberal interventionism and state building under the banner of human rights. The thesis is based on 14 months (May 2012 to July 2013) of multi-sited, ethnographic fieldwork in and around the Kosovo Property Agency (KPA), the administrative, mass claims mechanism put in place by the UN to adjudicate war-related property claims between 2006 and 2016. Working with claimants and respondents, administrative clerks, national and international lawyers, commissioners and Supreme Court judges, this study presents novel insights into the everyday workings of the law from within an institution that remained largely closed to the public eye. I investigate the ways in which property, and property rights were reconfigured in post-war Kosovo through the processing of claims at the KPA. To understand how restitution worked, I probe the practices of technical-legal knowledge production by examining key moments of mass claims adjudication: the reframing of grievances in the language of the law, the making of institutional, legal knowledge, the legal analysis of files, and the implementation of decisions. Through this, I look at the consequences of the juridification of normative ideals (human rights and the rule of law) on the restitution process, its protagonists, and the law itself. My ethnographic material suggests rethinking the value of binary analyses of victims and perpetrators, the universal and the vernacularised, 'law of the books' and 'law in action', the extraordinary and the ordinary, and traces the everyday production of 'rough justice'. Building on current debates in anthropology of law on the bureaucratisation of human rights, transitional justice, and legal practice, my research reveals the tensions between the ideals of human rights that underpin the process of property restitution and the legal and political realities of transition.
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10

Hofacker, Emanuel C. "Rückführung illegal verbrachter italienischer Kulturgüter nach dem Ende des 2. Weltkriegs Hintergründe, Entwicklung und rechtliche Grundlagen der italienischen Restitutionsforderungen /". Berlin : De Gruyter Recht, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/57223182.html.

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11

Korf, Benedikt. "Conflict, space and institutions : property rights and the political economy of war in Sri Lanka /". Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=013221856&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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12

Beldecos, George J. "The role of landed property in the transformation of the residential built environment in inner Athens, 1955-74". Thesis, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325594.

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13

Epstein, Katherine Cranston. "Inventing the Military-Industrial Complex: Torpedo Development, Property Rights, and Naval Warfare in the United States and Great Britain before World War I". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1311692950.

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14

Korf, Benedikt [Verfasser]. "Conflict, Space and Institutions : Property Rights and the Political Economy of War in Sri Lanka / Benedikt Korf". Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/1172616086/34.

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15

Tso, Cheuk-yiu Charmaine. "Accidental conservation the making of SoHo, a case study on how property prices have driven gentrification to be a mean of conserving post-war Tong Lau /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42182943.

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16

Olechnowicz, Andrzej Jan. "The economic and social development of inter-war out-county municipal housing estates, with special reference to the London County Council's Becontree and Dagenham Estate". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332943.

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Tsui, Lee-lee, i 徐莉莉. "Early post-second world war baby boomer's expectations on the quality of private property management service in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42905606.

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Paton, Monica Mary Bernadette. "Landlords and property in the East End of London from the late Victorian period to the First World War". Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417315.

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Tsui, Lee-lee. "Early post-second world war baby boomer's expectations on the quality of private property management service in Hong Kong". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42905606.

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20

曹卓瑤 i Cheuk-yiu Charmaine Tso. "Accidental conservation: the making of SoHo, a case study on how property prices have driven gentrification to be amean of conserving post-war Tong Lau". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42182943.

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21

Sautmann, Sophia-Elena. "Der Sicherheitsrat und der Schutz von Kulturgut im bewaffneten Konflikt". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-164145.

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Angesichts der Gefahr für Kulturgüter, die sich gerade in jüngeren Konflikten wie beispielsweise dem Mali-Konflikt zeigen, untersucht das Paper die Rolle, die der Sicherheitsrat seit 1990 beim Schutz von Kulturgütern in bewaffneten Konflikten einnimmt. Anhand einer Wortlautanalyse der Resolutionen des Sicherheitsrates und einer Analyse der beschlossenen Maßnahmen wird die Entwicklung aufgezeigt, dass der Sicherheitsrat dem Schutz von Kulturgut in bewaffneten Konflikten eine zunehmend hohe Bedeutung beimisst und sich entsprechend auch verstärkt für dessen Schutz einsetzt. Es wird gezeigt, dass der Sicherheitsrat dazu im Rahmen der UN-Charta grundsätzlich auch kompetent ist und sich der verstärkte Einsatz durch das wachsende Bewusstsein der internationalen Gemeinschaft für die Gefahr für Kulturgüter in bewaffneten Konflikten sowie die generelle Ausweitung des Tätigkeitsbereichs des Sicherheitsrates erklären lässt. Die Entwicklung des Schutzes durch den Sicherheitsrat erscheint daher folgerichtig und wünschenswert und gleichzeitig noch nicht abgeschlossen
In the light of recent conflicts like the conflict in Mali, which show the risks for cultural property during armed conflicts, the present paper evaluates the role of the Security Council in the protection of cultural property during armed conflicts. Based on an analysis of the wording of resolutions and of the measures adopted by the Security Council, a development will be illustrated: the Security Council attaches greater importance to the protection of cultural property in armed conflict and strengthens its effort for the protection. Furthermore it will be argued that the Security Council is competent in this matter according to the Charter of the United Nations and that its increased efforts can be explained by the growing awareness of the international community about the risks for cultural property during armed conflict and the general increase of the Security Council’s activities. The development of the protection of cultural property provided by the Security Council therefore seems reasonable and not yet completed
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22

Cheng, Yuen-kwan Vicky. "Sceneric city 'live' Museum in Old Sheung Wan /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25954799.

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郭俊威 i Chun-wai Thomas Kwok. "Owners' participation is the way to guarantee the quality property management". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968879.

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Kwok, Chun-wai Thomas. "Owners' participation is the way to guarantee the quality property management". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24533166.

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Leung, Shun-cheung Xylem. "Wanchai Gap Road revitalization". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951452.

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Chan, Tin-kuen Anthony. "Parade for the queen safeguarding the intangible heritage of the Tin Hau Sea Ritual in Leung Shuen Wan, Sai Kung /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42182694.

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McKenna, Madeline. "The development of suburban council housing estates in Liverpool between the wars". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283912.

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Serra, Armengol Maria de Lluc. "Els museus catalans en els primers anys del franquisme. Anàlisi de la utilització dels centres museístics catalans en el període 1939-1947". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/289569.

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Aquesta tesi doctoral té com a objectiu principal analitzar la situació dels museus a Catalunya en els primers anys de la dictadura franquista. Per tal d’entendre millor aquest període és de gran interès conèixer les activitats que el Servicio de Defensa del Patrimonio Artístico Nacional desenvolupà en l’àmbit museístic i la repercussió que aquesta institució franquista tingué en els museus. Això ha estat possible gràcies a l'anàlisi de més de 4.000 documents de la institució, que han romàs inèdits fins ara. En aquest marc d’estudi es presenta una visió dels museus catalans en el moment de ser reoberts després de la guerra, alhora que s’estableixen comparacions amb la seva situació d’abans del conflicte i també durant aquest. Igualment, s’exposen les principals activitats realitzades pels museus, així com també les característiques del funcionament dels seus patronats o juntes i de les institucions que existiren a l’època i que contribuïren a posar en marxa els museus ja des del 1939
This thesis has as its main objective the analysis of what happened to the museums of Catalonia during the first years of the Francoist dictatorship. In order to understand this period it is necessary to analyze the role that the Servicio de Defensa del Patrimonio Artístico Nacional played in relation to the museums, and as such the impact that this institution had on the museums. This has been possible thanks to the analysis of more than 4.000 documents unknown until now.Using this historical framework we present a study of the Catalan museums at the moment that they were reopened again just after the civil war. This is also compared to the functioning of museums before the war and what happened with them during the conflict. As such, an analysis is made of the main activities that took place in the museums at this period, how the museums boards worked, as well as the institutions that existed in that moment that contributed to restart the activity in the museums as early as 1939.
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Carneiro, Luísa Cristina Miranda. "IPVA e guerra fiscal: a competência dos Estados-membros e do Distrito Federal para instituição e cobrança do IPVA e os conflitos federativos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6681.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luisa Cristina Miranda Carneiro.pdf: 1343051 bytes, checksum: 756299a194be3ba131dde3ffd4b4e33b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-09
This research s purpose is studying the limits of the taxing competence granted to the States and the Federal District to legislate and impose the Vehicle Property Tax (IPVA), from the analysis of the aspects of the Matrix-rule of tax levy, built on the basis of constitutional provisions and infra constitutional rules, and under the methodology of Constructivism Logical-Semantic. IPVA was created in 1985 and is considered a simple tax by the doctrine. However, it has become increasingly important in the Brazilian legal scenario, which is revealed by the increase of its revenues, the growth of various disputes towards the tax, and the notorious tax war between States, which compromises the integrity the federal pact, creates legal uncertainty and undermine both the States and the taxpayers that act in good faith
A presente pesquisa tem por escopo o estudo dos limites da competência tributária atribuída aos Estados-membros e ao Distrito Federal para instituição e cobrança do Imposto sobre a Propriedade de Veículos Automotores (IPVA), a partir da análise dos aspectos que compõem sua regra-matriz de incidência tributária, construída com fundamento em normas da Constituição Federal e de diplomas infraconstitucionais e sob a metodologia do Constructivismo Lógico-Semântico. O IPVA foi instituído em 1985 e é um imposto ainda carecedor de maiores lucubrações pela doutrina. Não obstante, vem assumindo crescente importância no cenário jurídico brasileiro, revelada no aumento de sua representatividade econômica para os Estados da Federação, no avanço das diversas controvérsias que passam a gravitar em torno desse tributo e na propagação da famigerada guerra fiscal, que compromete a integridade do pacto federativo, gera insegurança jurídica e prejudica tanto os Estados-membros, quanto os contribuintes de boa-fé
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Dube, Misheck. "Widowhood and property inheritance in Zimbabwe: experiences of widows in Sikalenge ward, Binga District". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/200.

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Zimbabwean widows need to inherit property when their husbands die. Property, be it material or financial in nature, is a source of sustenance and wealth. Depriving women of property inheritance rights has untold consequences. This study focuses on the property inheritance rights of widows in Zimbabwe in the Sikalenge Ward of Binga District. The aim of the study is to understand how property grabbing affects widows and to find possible solutions and intervention strategies social workers may use. The literature reviewed in the study was drawn from both the legal field and social work to create a link between the fields. The study was shaped by radical feminism for conceptualising property grabbing while the formulated intervention strategies utilised the empowerment model. The study is qualitative in nature using interviews to collect data from ten widows and five social service providers who constitute the total of fifteen participants in the study. Data was analysed qualitatively using interpretive approaches and presentation is textual rather than statistical. The main finding of the study is that widows are still being denied their inheritance rights despite the provision of such rights by the Intestate Succession Laws promulgated in November 1997 by the government of Zimbabwe. Moreover, the widows are not aware of the inheritance laws of Zimbabwe and hence did not seek any professional intervention. The few who attempted the legal process for recourse were not successful. Even though it was minimally attempted, the study established that the main form of failed intervention tried by the women was legal in nature and suggests and emphasises an eminent need for Social Work intervention to supplement legal intervention.
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Ghanta, Neelima. "Integrating Geospatial Technologies into the Property Management Process of the Transportation Right-Of-Way". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31280.

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Property Management, one functional area within Right-of-Way offices in state transportation agencies, is responsible for managing the property acquired for highway projects. These activities are data and document intensive and efficiency for performing them would be improved through the implementation of an information management system. Because of the geospatial nature of many of these activities, geographic information systems (GIS) would increase the effectiveness of this system. A literature review and survey were conducted to understand the current state of practice for the use of GIS and information management systems in Property Management. There is no identified comprehensive system that covers all Property Management activities. An initial step in developing a geospatially-enabled enterprise-level information management system, a logical model was developed. This included developing the business process diagram, business process models, and use case models based on the principles of systems engineering using the Computer Aided Software (CASE) Enterprise Architecture. Activities that would benefit from a geospatial component have been identified and included in the models. The developed models have been validated by working with PennDOT staff. The resulting model serves as a standard template for state transportation agencies and helps conceptualize the advantages of integration and interaction with other systems, and geospatial enablement prior to investment in an information management system.
Master of Science
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Chan, Tin-kuen Anthony, i 陳天權. "Parade for the queen: safeguarding the intangible heritage of the Tin Hau Sea Ritual in Leung Shuen Wan, SaiKung". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42182694.

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Giacomini, Rita <1996&gt. "The Protection of Indigenous Peoples' Cultural Heritage: Māori Intellectual Property Rights and Wai 262 Report". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19204.

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Partendo dal contesto internazionale attuale, verranno analizzati gli strumenti utili al fine di proteggere il patrimonio culturale delle comunità indigene, il loro riconoscimento come tali, i relativi diritti di proprietà intellettuale e il ruolo che queste hanno all’interno della comunità internazionale. Successivamente ci si concentrerà sulla popolazione Maori della Nuova Zelanda, introducendone la storia insieme ad esempi di come la loro cultura venga spesso utilizzata in modo inappropriato a scopi commerciali. A partire dal trattato di Waitangi, al Waitangi Tribunal, si intende analizzare la situazione odierna e le misure adottate nel Paese per salvaguardare i diritti nell’ambito della proprietà intellettuale dei Māori. Infine, verrà preso come caso studio il celebre Wai 262 Fauna and Flora Claim, il più complesso presentatosi al Waitangi Tribunal, coinvolgendo il lavoro di più di 20 dipartimenti e agenzie del governo neozelandese. Sei furono le tribù che si unirono per reclamare il loro diritto di essere “guardiani” della loro cultura, e di tutto ciò che loro considerano prezioso per la sopravvivenza di questa, tra cui rientrano le loro tradizioni, la flora e la fauna. Con questo elaborato si intende dimostrare che i diritti di proprietà intellettuale delle popolazioni indigene spesso vengono confuse con la salvaguardia delle loro culture, quando queste, per quanto diverse, sono due sfere coesistenti e che si possono supportare l'un l'altra, ma la materia si dimostra spesso vaga e non precisa, risultando in legislazioni obsolete.
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Deshpande, Pranav K. "Wear Resistance and Electrical Property of Infrared Processed Copper/Tungsten Carbide Composites". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1147536455.

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Francis, Dora O. "Asset management application towards an improved right of way acquisition". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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He, Mengwei. "Microstructure-Property Relationships in CoCrNi-Based High Entropy Alloys: From the Atomic-Scale". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29466.

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High entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted enormous research interest world-wide because of their intriguing compositional make-up, and because of their potential as structural materials in extreme environments such as extremes of temperature, neutron fluence, mechanical wear, and cyclic deformation A key challenge in the study of HEAs remains the desire to measure the detail of the atomic neighbourhoods. This thesis proposes a new framework for the quantification of short range order (SRO) and reveals processing-SRO-mechanical property relationships in a CoCrNi-based ternary HEA. Having established the optimal APT operating parameters, a workflow for accurately assessing the SRO in the HEAs using APT is proposed. The influence of detector efficiency and spatial resolution on the SRO was carefully evaluated. It is suggested that this new procedure has potential to significantly enhance the ability of the atom probe to precisely study atomic coordination in HEAs and other materials. On the basis of this method, the potential for relationships between thermo-mechanical processing and SRO was investigated. The results indicate that different heat treatments do indeed change the SRO in CoCrNi alloys. Then, the new approach to measuring SRO in HEAs was applied to samples at various stages of tensile deformation via interrupted tensile tests. After different plastic strain levels, the SRO and other microstructural attributes such as the defect distributions were studied, and evidence presented that the SRO is sensitive to the amount of prior plastic deformation. Finally, retaining a focus on the mechanical properties of the HEAs, but shifting the emphasis to wear, a new series of HEAs was designed and prepared. The results demonstrate the significant potential of combining the substitutional Sc and interstitial C elements to achieve high values for hardness, wear resistance and fracture toughness.
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37

Ng, Bik-yan Betty, i 吳碧茵. "Implementation of ISO9000 (version 2000) in property management: a case study of Cheung Sha Wan GovernmentOffices". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969458.

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Mitchell, Jonathan Philip. "Public access, private space : the property fictions of the countryside and rights of way act 2000". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444558.

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Lin, Xiaojun. "Adaptive Reuse: A Proper Way for Chinese Architectural Preservation". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596974.

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For many developing countries, a major problem is the challenge of preserving cultural integrity in the face of modernization. On the one hand, these countries have a common goal to develop their national economy and improve standards of living for their people. On the other hand, they need to protect the integrity of the indigenous culture during the process of development which itself often brings in external influences and new lifestyles. Modernization and development require technologies, resources and materials which come from trade and an open economical policy strongly influenced by western culture. Modern western civilization strongly influences the societies, economics and social relations in many developing countries, and can cause major changes in the way of life. As a developing country, China is facing that great challenge today: Is it possible to pursue modernization and at the same time maintain the integrity of culture? This challenge confronts not only scholars and policy makers, but developers, architects and the residents of the communities themselves.
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40

Gupta, Indranath. "Was Feist a catalyst for the structure of database directive? : a legal exploration of the implications of the Feist decision". Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11268.

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This thesis studies the influence of US Supreme Court judgement in Feist Publications Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service Co on Directive 96/9/EC. It primarily looks at the implications of Feist decision, and the influence that it had on European legislation. The decision in Feist Publications led the Commission to believe two things: Feist created a new-line of jurisprudence in US in the context of copyright protection of factual databases, and the decision will be detrimental for future production of electronic databases. This thesis shows that the Feist decision was a clarification of existing copyright law. As an example, the thesis observes that the US database market did not react to any apprehended negative impact of Feist. In the US, where there was no specific Database Right, Feist has had negligible practical and doctrinal impact. The Feist decision also left an indelible mark on the overall structure of the Database Directive. While Article 3 represented the positive impact, Article 7 was surrounded by uncertainties and ambiguities. This Article represents the outcome of apprehending negative impact of Feist. This has resulted in an imbalance which must be rectified and only a limited amount of protection should be offered to producers in absence of evidence.
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Tu, Wei-Lun. "Processing, Structure, and Tribological Property Interrelationships in Sputtered Nanocrystalline ZnO Coatings". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12207/.

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Solid lubricant coatings with controlled microstructures are good candidates in providing lubricity in moving mechanical assembly applications, such as orthopedics and bearing steels. Nanocrystalline ZnO coatings with a layered wurtzite crystal structure have the potential to function as a lubricious material by its defective structure which is controlled by sputter deposition. The interrelationships between sputtered ZnO, its nanocrystalline structure and its lubricity will be discussed in this thesis. The nanocrystalline ZnO coatings were deposited on silicon substrates and Ti alloys by RF magnetron sputtering with different substrate adhesion layers, direct current biases, and temperatures. X-ray diffraction identified that the ZnO (0002) preferred orientation was necessary to achieve low sliding friction and wear along with substrate biasing. In addition, other analyses such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) were utilized to study the solid lubrication mechanisms responsible for low friction and wear.
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42

Ng, Bik-yan Betty. "Implementation of ISO9000 (version 2000) in property management a case study of Cheung Sha Wan Government Offices /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31969458.

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43

Lim, Clarisse. "Intellectual property army: Fighting wars and healing the world: The coexistence between medical innovation and public affordability". Thesis, Lim, Clarisse (2013) Intellectual property army: Fighting wars and healing the world: The coexistence between medical innovation and public affordability. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/21904/.

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A major phenomenon that has stirred the raging debate over strong intellectual property patent protection for pharmaceuticals is the issue of access to medicines. Such ownership protection has frequently been criticized in both developed and developing countries to be at the expense of public interest. Strong patent protection by pharmaceutical companies on their products inherently leads to a rise in the costs of essential medicines, making them increasingly less accessible to the disease stricken populations. This paper investigates the possibility of coexistence between patent protection of pharmaceuticals and the effective provision of medicine to the people who gravely need them, with special attention given to the poor in developing countries. The importance of patents in our society is significantly emphasized in the research-intensive pharmaceutical industry, which is one of the most innovative industries in the world. The evolution and justifications of patents is traced through the conception of intellectual property laws under British influence and theories that have formulated over the years. Secondly, the role of multinational pharmaceutical companies in fostering global patent protection and its role in improving the world’s health will be explored. Being largely profit-oriented, pharmaceutical companies have often neglected the wider public interests and contribute to the growing gap between patients and their necessary medicines and treatments. Next, the international legal framework is a central aspect that has vastly influenced the effects of pharmaceutical patents. The consequential impacts of patents on pharmaceuticals are explored through the examination of international responses, including an in-depth case study of India. India is an example of a developing country that has reaped the benefits of strong patent protection with the appropriate measures, actions and domestic laws its government and other private interest groups have put in place. Lastly, this paper will assert that the promotion of public health should not be disconnected from the promotion of pharmaceutical inventions. As the presence of incentives is essential in supporting a robust pharmaceutical industry, a multi-layered system comprising of realistic and practical solutions will be advocated as a potential and viable solution to attaining harmonization between medical innovation and public affordability.
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Chiu, Sai-chung Cary. "Redevelopment of San Wai". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25944976.

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Womble, Faydra V. "Thinking and Thobbing: Using Archival Research in WAC". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1354240927.

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鄭遠君 i Yuen-kwan Vicky Cheng. "Sceneric city: 'live' Museum in Old Sheung Wan". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986328.

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梁順祥 i Shun-cheung Xylem Leung. "Wanchai Gap Road revitalization". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980879.

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Wan, Cheuk-ting Jennifer. "Protect or pull down - in search of planning and heritage conservation of walled villages in Hong Kong : case studies of Nga Tsin Wai & Kat Hing Wai /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906638.

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Raphulu, Tshilidzi Norman. "The right of way of necessity : a constitutional analysis". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85634.

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Thesis (LLM)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The right of way of necessity is a special type of praedial servitude that is established over neighbouring property in favour of landlocked property – that is, property without access to a public road. The purpose of granting the landlocked property a right of access to a public road is so that it can be put to efficient use. The servitude is created by operation of law and it binds the surrounding properties as of right at the moment when the property becomes landlocked. It can, however, be enforced only against a specific neighbouring property. This servitude can only be enforced by way of a court order, against the will of the owner of the neighbouring property. This servitude, specifically the manner in which it is established, may raise significant constitutional issues as regards the property clause of the South African Constitution. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate the constitutionality of the right of way of necessity in view of section 25 of the Constitution. To this end, the study provides an overview of the law relating to the right of way of necessity and the general principles regulating this servitude in South African law. Subsequently, the justifications for the right of way of necessity and specifically for allowing the courts to enforce this servitude are analysed in terms of public policy, jurisprudential views and law and economics theory. The conclusion is reached that, in terms of these justifications, there are sufficient policy, social, and economic reasons for having the right of way of necessity and for the courts to enforce it without cooperation and against the will of the affected servient property owner. These justifications are used to examine the constitutionality of the right of way of necessity, specifically to determine whether the enforcement of this servitude by court order constitutes a section 25(1) arbitrary deprivation or even a section 25(2) expropriation of the affected owner’s property rights. The study concludes that the granting of the right of way of necessity will not amount to an expropriation and, following the FNB methodology, does not constitute arbitrary deprivation of property either. Therefore, if all the requirements are met, the granting of a right of way of necessity will be constitutionally compliant.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die saaklike serwituut wat ten gunste van grond wat van openbare verkeersweë afgesny is (blokland) oor naburige eiendom gevestig word, staan bekend as noodweg. Die rede waarom toegang tot ’n openbare pad aan blokland toegeken word, is sodat die grond effektief gebruik kan word. Hierdie serwituut word deur regswerking geskep en dit bind omringende eiendomme vanaf die oomblik dat die blokland van openbare verkeersweë afgesluit word. Dit kan egter slegs teen ’n spesifieke naburige eiendom afgedwing word. Die serwituut kan slegs deur middel van ’n hofbevel afgedwing word, teen die eienaar van die naburige eiendom se wil. Wat die eiendomsklousule van die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet betref, kan hierdie serwituut en veral die wyse waarop dit gevesig word belangrike grondwetlike vrae opper. In die lig van artikel 25 van die Grondwet was dit dus nodig om die grondwetlike geldigheid van noodweg te toets. Om hierdie doel te bereik, verskaf die studie’n oorsig van die regsbeginsels aangaande noodweg en die algemene beginsels van hierdie serwituut in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg. Met verwysing na openbare beleid, regsfilosofiese benaderings en Law and Economics-teorie analiseer die tesis vervolgens die regverdigingsgronde vir noodweg, spesifiek vir die feit dat die howe dit afdwing. Die gevolgtrekking is dat daar ingevolge hierdie regverdigingsgronde genoegsame beleids-, sosiale en ekonomiese redes bestaan vir die serwituut van noodweg en vir die howe se bevoegdheid om dit sonder die dienende eienaar se medewerking en teen sy wil af te dwing. Hierdie regverdigingsgronde word gebruik om die grondwetlike geldigheid van noodweg te ondersoek, spesifiek om vas te stel of die afdwinging daarvan neerkom op ’n arbitrêre ontneming vir doeleindes van artikel 25(1) of op ’n onteiening vir doeleindes van artikel 25(2) van die Grondwet. Hierdie studie kom tot die slotsom dat die toestaan van ’n noodweg nie as ’n onteiening kwalifiseer nie en dat dit, indien die FNB-metodologie nagevolg word, ook nie op ’n arbitrêre ontneming van eiendom neerkom nie. Indien al die vereistes nagekom word, sal die toestaan van ’n noodweg dus aan die Grondwet voldoen.
South African Research Chair in Property Law (SARCPL)
National Research Foundation
Department of Science and Technology
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50

Kiewitz, Leigh-Ann. "Relocation of a specified servitude of right of way". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5170.

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Thesis (LLM (Public Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Traditionally, the common law rule as interpreted by South African case law required that mutual consent be obtained in order to relocate a specified servitude of right of way. Since the Linvestment judgment, the legal position pertaining to the unilateral relocation of a specified servitude of right of way is that the location of an existing specified servitude of right of way may be altered unilaterally by the owner of the servient tenement. Unilateral relocation of a specified servitude of right of way will only be allowed if strict requirements are met, namely that the servient owner will be materially inconvenienced in the use of his property if the status quo is maintained; that the relocation will not prejudice the owner of the dominant tenement; and that the servient owner pays all costs incurred in the relocation of the servitude. In order to justify the departure from the common law, the court in Linvestment relied on historical argument, comparative law, and policy arguments to reach the conclusion that a servitude may be relocated unilaterally if it is in the interest of fairness, equity and justice. The court relied on section 173 of the Constitution, which entitles the courts to develop the common law. This decision of the Supreme Court of Appeal has far-reaching implications. A servitude is a limited real right to the property of another person which grants the holder of that right specific entitlements. South African law requires that registration in the deeds registry take place in terms of section 63(1) of the Deeds Registries Act 47 of 1937 as soon as a limited real right in immovable property is created or transferred. Once the servitude is registered, it will be enforceable against the owner of the servient tenement and all his successors in title. When the servient owner is allowed to relocate the servitude unilaterally, it will have the effect of undermining the limited real right that the dominant owner holds in the property in question. This thesis evaluates the extent to which the courts may change common law principles on the basis of fairness, justice and equity. The conclusion is that the policy grounds on which the court based its decision are convincing, as the law cannot remain rigid and needs to be continually changed in order to meet changing conditions. However, the comparative and historical reasons provided for the decision are insubstantial and unconvincing. The thesis points out that there are no historical grounds for the decision, but that more extensive and contextual comparative research does support the decision. This thesis considers the constitutional implications of a flexible legal approach to the unilateral relocation of a specified servitude of right of way and concludes that an approach that allows for unilateral relocation will not amount to an expropriation and will not establish an arbitrary deprivation either, provided that the requirements set out in the decision are applied strictly and that a court order is required for the relocation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tradisionele gemeenregtiglike beginsel rakende die verlegging van 'n gespesifiseerde reg van weg het vereis dat wannneer 'n roete eers vasgestel is, die eienaar van die dienende erf dit nie mag verander nie tensy hy toestemming verkry het van die eienaar van die heersende erf. Sedert die uitspraak in Linvestment, is die regsposisie dat die eienaar van die dienende erf wel die ligging van 'n serwituut eensydig mag verander. Die eienaar van die dienende erf sal slegs gemagtig wees om die servituut te verskuif onder omstandighede waar die huidige ligging van die serwituut wesenlike materiële nadeel vir hom meebring, die verskuiwing van die serwituut geen nadeel vir die eienaar van die heersende erf sal veroorsaak nie en mits die eienaar van die dienende erf die kostes wat verband hou met die verskuiwing van die serwituut sal dra. Die hof het op historiese, regsvergelykende en beleidsoorwegings gesteun om die gevolgtrekking te staaf dat 'n serwituut verkuif kan word, selfs al is dit teen die wens van die eienaar van die heersende erf. Die hof het ook beslis dat die howe die inherente bevoegdheid het om die gemenereg te ontwikkel ingevolge artikel 173 van die Grondwet. Die beslissing het verreikende implikasies. 'n Serwituut is 'n beperkte saaklike reg op die saak van iemand anders wat aan die reghebbende bepaalde genots- en gebruiksbevoegdhede ten aansien van daardie saak verleen. Artikel 63(1) van die Registrasie van Aktes Wet 47 van 1937 vereis dat 'n beperkte saaklike reg ten aansien van onroerende goedere geregistreer moet word sodra 'n beperkte saaklike reg gevestig word. Indien die serwituut geregistreer word, sal dit afdwingbaar wees teen die eienaar van die dienende erf asook sy regsopvolgers. Indien die genoemde eienaar gemagtig is om die serwituut eensydiglik te verskuif, sal dit inbreuk maak op die eienaar van die heersende erf se beperkte saaklike regte ten aansien van die dienende erf. Die doel van hierdie tesis is om te evalueer tot watter mate howe daartoe in staat is om die gemenereg te verander op grond van billikheid en geregtigheid. Die gevolgtrekking is dat die hof se beleidsargumente oortuigend is aangesien die reg voortdurend moet verander ten einde te voldoen aan die veranderende omstandighede. Die regsvergelykende en historiese gronde vir die hof se gevolgtrekking is egter onoortuigend. Die tesis illustreer dat daar geen historiese gronde bestaan vir die beslissing nie asook dat meer ekstensiewe en kontekstuele regsvergelykende navorsing wel die hof se beslissing staaf. Hierdie tesis evalueer ook die grondwetlike implikasies van die nuwe reël en kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die toepassing van 'n benadering ingevolge waarvan die eienaar van „n dienende erf gemagtig word om 'n serwituut eensydig te verskuif, nie 'n onteiening of 'n arbitrêre ontneming teweegbring nie op voorwaarde dat die vereistes soos uiteengesit in die uitspraak aan voldoen word en dat die verkryging van 'n hofbevel 'n moontlike voorvereiste is vir die verskuiwing van 'n serwituut.
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