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Lemus-Zúñiga, Lenin-Guillermo, Juan M. Félix, Alvaro Fides-Valero, José-Vte Benlloch-Dualde i Antonio Martinez-Millana. "A Proof-of-Concept IoT System for Remote Healthcare Based on Interoperability Standards". Sensors 22, nr 4 (19.02.2022): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041646.
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The Internet of Things paradigm in healthcare has boosted the design of new solutions for the promotion of healthy lifestyles and the remote care. Thanks to the effort of academia and industry, there is a wide variety of platforms, systems and commercial products enabling the real-time information exchange of environmental data and people’s health status. However, one of the problems of these type of prototypes and solutions is the lack of interoperability and the compromised scalability in large scenarios, which limits its potential to be deployed in real cases of application. In this paper, we propose a health monitoring system based on the integration of rapid prototyping hardware and interoperable software to build system capable of transmitting biomedical data to healthcare professionals. The proposed system involves Internet of Things technologies and interoperablility standards for health information exchange such as the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources and a reference framework architecture for Ambient Assisted Living UniversAAL.
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Klausen, Tobias, Valentin Hartig, Dominik Fuchs, Nils Krueger, Vincent Melchior Jeltsch, Raffael Bild i Raphael Scheible. "A Digital Vaccination Pass Using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources: A Proof of Concept". Digital 4, nr 2 (24.04.2024): 389–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/digital4020019.
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The traditional manual recording of vaccination records in Germany faced challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, prompting the introduction of a COVID smartphone app with QR codes. However, this solution brought new challenges, emphasizing the need for a centrally managed European digital vaccination record for efficiency and validity. This study assesses the feasibility of using the HL7 FHIR standard in the healthcare industry for implementing a digital vaccination pass management and monitoring system. The system aims to offer convenience and improved efficiency for both patients and healthcare providers while promoting interoperability with other healthcare systems. To this end, we developed a prototype using modern technologies, such as React, Quarkus, and Keycloak. Results indicate potential benefits for patients and healthcare providers, offering access to immunization records, personalized recommendations, and streamlined management. However, integrating nuanced vaccination processes into the standardized FHIR system requires custom extensions, which might hinder interoperability. Manual data entry and the integration of an identity provider present further obstacles in industry scenarios. Despite these challenges, this study suggests that implementing HL7 FHIR can enhance efficiency, data accessibility, and accuracy in the vaccination process, supporting broader digitization efforts in the German healthcare system and beyond.
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Kumar, Adarsh, Deepak Kumar Sharma, Anand Nayyar, Saurabh Singh i Byungun Yoon. "Lightweight Proof of Game (LPoG): A Proof of Work (PoW)’s Extended Lightweight Consensus Algorithm for Wearable Kidneys". Sensors 20, nr 10 (19.05.2020): 2868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20102868.
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In healthcare, interoperability is widely adopted in the case of cross-departmental or specialization cases. As the human body demands multiple specialized and cross-disciplined medical experiments, interoperability of business entities like different departments, different specializations, the involvement of legal and government monitoring issues etc. are not sufficient to reduce the active medical cases. A patient-centric system with high capability to collect, retrieve, store or exchange data is the demand for present and future times. Such data-centric health processes would bring automated patient medication, or patient self-driven trusted and high satisfaction capabilities. However, data-centric processes are having a huge set of challenges such as security, technology, governance, adoption, deployment, integration etc. This work has explored the feasibility to integrate resource-constrained devices-based wearable kidney systems in the Industry 4.0 network and facilitates data collection, liquidity, storage, retrieval and exchange systems. Thereafter, a Healthcare 4.0 processes-based wearable kidney system is proposed that is having the blockchain technology advantages. Further, game theory-based consensus algorithms are proposed for resource-constrained devices in the kidney system. The overall system design would bring an example for the transition from the specialization or departmental-centric approach to data and patient-centric approach that would bring more transparency, trust and healthy practices in the healthcare sector. Results show a variation of 0.10 million GH/s to 0.18 million GH/s hash rate for the proposed approach. The chances of a majority attack in the proposed scheme are statistically proved to be minimum. Further Average Packet Delivery Rate (ADPR) lies between 95% to 97%, approximately, without the presence of outliers. In the presence of outliers, network performance decreases below 80% APDR (to a minimum of 41.3%) and this indicates that there are outliers present in the network. Simulation results show that the Average Throughput (AT) value lies between 120 Kbps to 250 Kbps.
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Trivedi, Sapna, Stephen Hall, Fiona Inglis i Afzal Chaudhry. "Proof-of-concept solution to create an interoperable timeline of healthcare data". BMJ Health & Care Informatics Online 30, nr 1 (listopad 2023): e100754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2023-100754.
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ObjectivesTo overcome the barriers of interoperability by sharing simulated patient data from different electronic health records systems and presenting them in an intuitive timeline of events.MethodsThe ‘Patient Story’ software comprising database and blockchain, PS Timeline Windows interface, PS Timeline Web interface and network relays on Azure cloud was customised for Epic and Lorenzo electonic patient record (EPR) systems used at different hospitals, using site-specific adapters.ResultsEach site could view their own clinical documents and view each other’s site specific, fully coded test sets of (Care Connect) medications, conditions and allergies, in an aggregated single view.DiscussionThis work has shown that clinical data from different EPR systems can be successfully integrated and visualised on a single timeline, accessible by clinicians and patients.ConclusionThe Patient Story system combined the timeline visualisation with successful interoperability across healthcare settings, as well giving patients the ability to directly interact with their timeline.
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Bai, Tianyu, Yangsheng Hu, Jianfeng He, Hongbo Fan i Zhenzhou An. "Health-zkIDM: A Healthcare Identity System Based on Fabric Blockchain and Zero-Knowledge Proof". Sensors 22, nr 20 (11.10.2022): 7716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207716.
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The issue of identity authentication for online medical services has been one of the key focuses of the healthcare industry in recent years. Most healthcare organizations use centralized identity management systems (IDMs), which not only limit the interoperability of patient identities between institutions of healthcare, but also create isolation between data islands. The more important matter is that centralized IDMs may lead to privacy disclosure. Therefore, we propose Health-zkIDM, a decentralized identity authentication system based on zero-knowledge proof and blockchain technology, which allows patients to identify and verify their identities transparently and safely in different health fields and promotes the interaction between IDM providers and patients. The users in Health-zkIDM are uniquely identified by one ID registered. The zero-knowledge proof technology is deployed on the client, which provides the user with a proof of identity information and automatically verifies the user’s identity after registration. We implemented chaincodes on the Fabric, including the upload of proof of identity information, identification, and verification functions. The experiences show that the performance of the Health-zkIDM system can achieve throughputs higher than 400 TPS in Caliper.
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L'Amrani, Hasnae, Younès El Bouzekri El Idrissi i Rachida Ajhoun. "Technical Interoperability to Solve Cross-Domain Issues Among Federation Systems". International Journal of Smart Security Technologies 7, nr 1 (styczeń 2020): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsst.2020010102.
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Digital identity management with the metamorphosis of web services enforces new security challenges. A set of identity management systems exists to deal with these identities, alongside the goal of improving user experience and gain secure access. Nowadays, one faces a large number of heterogeneous identity management approaches. This study treated several identity management systems. The federated system makes proof of it eligibility for the identity management. Thus, the researcher interest is on the federated model. Since it consists of the distribution of digital identity between different security domains. The base of security domains is a trust agreement between the entities in communication. Federated identity management faces the problem of interoperability between heterogeneous federated systems. This study is an approach of a technical interoperability between the federations. The authors propose an approach that will permit inter-operation and exchange identity information among heterogeneous federations.
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Müller, Alexander, Hannah Haneke, Valerie Kirchberger, Giulio Mastella, Michael Dommasch, Uta Merle, Oliver Heinze i in. "Integration of mobile sensors in a telemedicine hospital system: remote-monitoring in COVID-19 patients". Journal of Public Health 30, nr 1 (15.10.2021): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01655-2.
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Abstract Aim The goal is to design and, in a next step, establish a scalable, multi-center telemonitoring platform based on existing systems for monitoring COVID-19 patients in home quarantine. In particular, the focus will be on raw data acquisition, integration of sensor data into the hospital system, structured data storage, and interoperability. Subject and methods Data necessary for monitoring, otherwise provided in various portals, will be continuously queried and integrated into the hospital system via a new interface in this proof-of-concept work. Results Based on extensive preliminary work at Klinikum rechts der Isar with a structured clinical database, we extend our system’s integration of raw data and visualization in dashboards, as well as scientific provision of data from mobile sensors for monitoring patients in home quarantine. Conclusion Based on existing integrated telemonitoring systems supporting semantic and syntactic interoperability, short-term provision of scientific databases is possible. The integration of different mobile sensors into a clinical system for remote monitoring of patients around the clock is still new and to our knowledge unique.
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Rolan, Gregory. "Towards interoperable recordkeeping systems". Records Management Journal 27, nr 2 (17.07.2017): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-09-2016-0027.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce an infrastructural approach to metadata modelling and a generalised meta-model for recordkeeping metadata. This meta-model is an attempt to support interoperability between disparate systems, and particularly, between sets of ostensibly incommensurate record documentation. Design/methodology/approach The investigation used a reflective design-science investigation comprising interviews adaptive literature review, creation of conceptual models and the design and instantiation of a proof-of-concept system. Findings The investigation confirms that recordkeeping interoperability between disparate ontologies is achievable through a meta-model approach. In particular, the meta-model carefully defines relationships between entities with specific semantics that enable the development of interoperable domain schemas. Practical implications A meta-model for recordkeeping metadata facilitates the development of recordkeeping systems that possess interoperability-by-design. Social implications Recordkeeping systems that conform to the meta-model can, therefore, transcend the immediate transactional context and support participatory recordkeeping in terms of a plurality of stakeholder world views and agency in records. Originality/value This paper is one of the few reporting design-science approaches to recordkeeping informatics and one that has used a meta-model approach for recordkeeping metadata design. In contrast to most empirically determined metadata schemas, the top-down design approach has produced a schema from a wide variety of ontological sources.
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Motta, Lucas L., Luiz C. B. C. Ferreira, Thales W. Cabral, Dimas A. M. Lemes, Gustavo dos S. Cardoso, Andreza Borchardt, Paulo Cardieri i in. "General Overview and Proof of Concept of a Smart Home Energy Management System Architecture". Electronics 12, nr 21 (29.10.2023): 4453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214453.
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This paper proposes and implements a smart architecture for Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) that enables interoperability among devices from different manufacturers. This is achieved through the use of standardized elements and the design of an innovative middleware. The system comprises a control unit that communicates with smart outlets using the Wireless Smart Ubiquitous Network (WI-SUN) Home Area Network (HAN) specification, while smart metering is achieved using the WI-SUN Field Area Network (FAN) specification. To manage important data, a web platform and mobile app were created. Additionally, machine learning techniques are utilized to identify energy consumption of individual appliances when only the aggregate energy consumption of the house is available. The architecture presented here supports real-time control of energy use and generation through HEMS, and new devices can be added transparently. Finally, a comparison of the proposed system with similar systems in literature highlights its many advantages in terms of functionality.
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Hylock, Ray Hales, i Xiaoming Zeng. "A Blockchain Framework for Patient-Centered Health Records and Exchange (HealthChain): Evaluation and Proof-of-Concept Study". Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, nr 8 (31.08.2019): e13592. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13592.
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Background Blockchain has the potential to disrupt the current modes of patient data access, accumulation, contribution, exchange, and control. Using interoperability standards, smart contracts, and cryptographic identities, patients can securely exchange data with providers and regulate access. The resulting comprehensive, longitudinal medical records can significantly improve the cost and quality of patient care for individuals and populations alike. Objective This work presents HealthChain, a novel patient-centered blockchain framework. The intent is to bolster patient engagement, data curation, and regulated dissemination of accumulated information in a secure, interoperable environment. A mixed-block blockchain is proposed to support immutable logging and redactable patient blocks. Patient data are generated and exchanged through Health Level-7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources, allowing seamless transfer with compliant systems. In addition, patients receive cryptographic identities in the form of public and private key pairs. Public keys are stored in the blockchain and are suitable for securing and verifying transactions. Furthermore, the envisaged system uses proxy re-encryption (PRE) to share information through revocable, smart contracts, ensuring the preservation of privacy and confidentiality. Finally, several PRE improvements are offered to enhance performance and security. Methods The framework was formulated to address key barriers to blockchain adoption in health care, namely, information security, interoperability, data integrity, identity validation, and scalability. It supports 16 configurations through the manipulation of 4 modes. An open-source, proof-of-concept tool was developed to evaluate the performance of the novel patient block components and system configurations. To demonstrate the utility of the proposed framework and evaluate resource consumption, extensive testing was performed on each of the 16 configurations over a variety of scenarios involving a variable number of existing and imported records. Results The results indicate several clear high-performing, low-bandwidth configurations, although they are not the strongest cryptographically. Of the strongest models, one’s anticipated cumulative record size is shown to influence the selection. Although the most efficient algorithm is ultimately user specific, Advanced Encryption Standard–encrypted data with static keys, incremental server storage, and no additional server-side encryption are the fastest and least bandwidth intensive, whereas proxy re-encrypted data with dynamic keys, incremental server storage, and additional server-side encryption are the best performing of the strongest configurations. Conclusions Blockchain is a potent and viable technology for patient-centered access to and exchange of health information. By integrating a structured, interoperable design with patient-accumulated and generated data shared through smart contracts into a universally accessible blockchain, HealthChain presents patients and providers with access to consistent and comprehensive medical records. Challenges addressed include data security, interoperability, block storage, and patient-administered data access, with several configurations emerging for further consideration regarding speed and security.
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Basmadjian, Robert, Benedikt Kirpes, Jan Mrkos i Marek Cuchý. "A Reference Architecture for Interoperable Reservation Systems in Electric Vehicle Charging". Smart Cities 3, nr 4 (21.11.2020): 1405–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities3040067.
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The charging infrastructure for electric vehicles faces the challenges of insufficient capacity and long charging duration. These challenges decrease the electric vehicle users’ satisfaction and lower the profits of infrastructure providers. Reservation systems can mitigate these issues. We introduce a reference architecture for interoperable reservation systems. The advantages of the proposed architecture are: it (1) considers the needs of the most relevant electric mobility stakeholders, (2) satisfies the interoperability requirements of existing technological heterogeneity, and (3) provides a classification of reservation types based on a morphological methodology. We instantiate the reference architecture and verify its interoperability and fulfillment of stakeholder requirements. Further, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept by instantiating and implementing an ad-hoc reservation approach. Our validation was based on simulations of real-world case studies for various reservation deployments in the Netherlands. We conclude that, in certain high demand situations, reservations can save significant time for electric vehicle trips. The findings indicate that a reservation system does not directly increase the utilization of the charging infrastructure.
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Benfriha, Khaled, Chawki El-Zant, Quentin Charrier, Abdel-Hakim Bouzid, Peter Wardle, Idir Belaidi, Stéphane Loubère, Nooshin Ghodsian i Améziane Aoussat. "Development of an advanced MES for the simulation and optimization of industry 4.0 process". International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 12 (2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2021022.
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The concept of Industry 4.0 has been developed a lot from a theoretical point of view. However, the real applications on production lines remain few in number, due to the difficulties of interoperability between the different production entities and also due to the lack of a control system adapted to the expected flexibility and to the management of the data generated. This article focuses on the development and deployment of a manufacturing execution system (MES) on a production system 4.0. The development stages of the system are explained in detail. The new functionalities and the expected level of performance impose a new logic in the design of advanced systems for controlling and optimizing production. Finally, a proof of concept of an MES was developed and tested on a new technology platform 4.0.
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Pakdil, Mete Ercan, i Rahmi Nurhan Çelik. "Serverless Geospatial Data Processing Workflow System Design". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, nr 1 (30.12.2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11010020.
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Geospatial data and related technologies have become an increasingly important aspect of data analysis processes, with their prominent role in most of them. Serverless paradigm have become the most popular and frequently used technology within cloud computing. This paper reviews the serverless paradigm and examines how it could be leveraged for geospatial data processes by using open standards in the geospatial community. We propose a system design and architecture to handle complex geospatial data processing jobs with minimum human intervention and resource consumption using serverless technologies. In order to define and execute workflows in the system, we also propose new models for both workflow and task definitions models. Moreover, the proposed system has new Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Application Programming Interface (API) Processes specification-based web services to provide interoperability with other geospatial applications with the anticipation that it will be more commonly used in the future. We implemented the proposed system on one of the public cloud providers as a proof of concept and evaluated it with sample geospatial workflows and cloud architecture best practices.
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Anchala Balaraj, Et al. "Electronic Health Record System using Blockchain Technology". International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, nr 9 (2.01.2024): 3208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i9.9511.
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The healthcare sector is frequently known for being delicate and intricate.Individuals' sensitive information must be kept safe, secure, and protected.Blocks of the blockchain are secured and bound to each other using cryptographic principles.
By maintaining the patient at the centre of the medical ecosystem system and establishing greater security, interoperability, and privacy of stored patient records, blockchain has the potential to eradicate the problems ailing the industry and transform healthcare.
By decentralizing and encrypting health records, blockchain ensures that patient data is securely stored and tamper-proof. Additionally, blockchain can facilitate the seamless exchange of medical information between different healthcare providers, leading to better coordination of care and reduced medical errors. By leveraging Ethereum's smart contract functionality, healthcare organizations can securely store and
share patient data, ensuring its integrity and confidentiality. Moreover, Ethereum's programmable nature allows for the development of decentralized applications (DApps) that can streamline various healthcare processes, such as medical record management, supply chain tracking, and clinical trials. Overall, the integration of blockchain in the healthcare industry has the potential to revolutionize the way healthcare data is managed, ensuring privacy, security, and efficiency in patient care.
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Ribeiro, Carolina, Igor Fernandes i Filipe Portela. "Toward an Enterprise Gamification System to Motivate Human Resources in IT Companies". Information 15, nr 1 (2.01.2024): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info15010026.
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In the age of Industry 4.0, competition between companies is becoming increasingly intense, and companies are turning to trends that aim to improve overall performance. Accordingly, the company ITEK decided to create a global gamification mechanism focused on motivating employees and encouraging them to perform their tasks in order to obtain incentives. For the construction and development of this mechanism, design science research and the 6D approach to gamification were used as methodologies, including tools from the aforementioned company that can be adapted to cloud tools in future applications. With this in mind, as a result, a base artifact with potential for future implementation can be shown, having interoperability and integrity for possible changes in companies with similar needs, an architecture related to the matter, and a proof of concept, proving that is possible to implement the solution in a real-world context. This article serves as a beacon to bring practical examples to the scientific and business community that can enrich and give light to new applications related to the themes of gamification, cloud, and human resources. As such, it can be expected that the next steps will include the application of the gamification model in the company ITEK, the documentation of its application, its results for employees, and the overall performance of the company. As a result and as proof of concept, an architecture was developed that allows for the integration of eight tools and 12 rules created for the gamification model.
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Lo, Sin Kit, Chee Sun Liew, Kok Soon Tey i Saad Mekhilef. "An Interoperable Component-Based Architecture for Data-Driven IoT System". Sensors 19, nr 20 (9.10.2019): 4354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204354.
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The advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) as a solution in diverse application domains has nurtured the expansion in the number of devices and data volume. Multiple platforms and protocols have been introduced and resulted in high device ubiquity and heterogeneity. However, currently available IoT architectures face challenges to accommodate the diversity in IoT devices or services operating under different operating systems and protocols. In this paper, we propose a new IoT architecture that utilizes the component-based design approach to create and define the loosely-coupled, standalone but interoperable service components for IoT systems. Furthermore, a data-driven feedback function is included as a key feature of the proposed architecture to enable a greater degree of system automation and to reduce the dependency on mankind for data analysis and decision-making. The proposed architecture aims to tackle device interoperability, system reusability and the lack of data-driven functionality issues. Using a real-world use case on a proof-of-concept prototype, we examined the viability and usability of the proposed architecture.
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HARIPRASAD MANDAVA. "Streamlining enterprise resource planning through digital technologies". World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 12, nr 2 (30.08.2024): 719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2024.12.2.0334.
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This study explores dynamic adaptation and evolutionary frameworks within Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, presenting an advanced strategy to enhance system agility and responsiveness. It investigates how these frameworks empower ERP systems to adjust to evolving business requirements, technological advancements, and market dynamics. The discussion covers key elements such as adaptive algorithms, evolutionary architectures, and real-time integration. Case studies illustrate how dynamic adaptation improves ERP system scalability, performance, and user satisfaction. The study also addresses challenges including integration complexity, data interoperability, and organizational change management, offering strategies to mitigate these issues. Future research recommendations emphasize the advancement of dynamic ERP frameworks, the integration of AI and machine learning, and the enhancement of agility in enterprise software systems. This research underscores the potential of dynamic adaptation and evolutionary approaches to future-proof ERP systems and promote sustainable business growth in dynamic environments.
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Klein, Konstantin, i Klaus-Dieter Thoben. "Industry 4.0 Technologies as an Obsolescence Mitigator for Testing of Mechatronic Systems in Aviation". Applied Sciences 12, nr 21 (3.11.2022): 11142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111142.
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Companies building products with a usage phase of 25 years and more, have suffered from obsolescence for decades. Software and hardware components inside of the supporting systems, such as avionics test benches, are particularly affected. They consist of components built for 3–7 years but expected to operate for decades. The lack of standardized, open and modular systems for special timing constraints increase the pressure and impede the interoperability in this field. Industry 4.0 systems offer exactly this, but do not support aviation standards. The research in this article aims to show that it is possible to use widespread Industry 4.0 standards and technology at the field level to achieve transferability and maintainability in the operation of test benches. This article describes an implemented and evaluated proof of concept of the implementation of an industrial ethernet standard EtherCAT for the ARINC 429 I/O for an aviation test bench. As a baseline, market available EtherCAT components were evaluated and selected. For the client development, standard components for the EtherCAT logic and ARINC 429 were used. Additionally, the full interoperability at the syntax level, was achieved by implementing a configuration approach of the I/O, in order to encode and decode the messages. The evaluation was performed using an Airbus A350-1000 test bench for secondary flight controls—namely the HighLift system.
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Shapovalov, Yevhenii B., Viktor B. Shapovalov, Roman A. Tarasenko, Stanislav A. Usenko i Adrian Paschke. "A semantic structuring of educational research using ontologies". CTE Workshop Proceedings 8 (19.03.2021): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.55056/cte.219.
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This article is devoted to the presentation of the semantic interoperability of research and scientific results through an ontological taxonomy. To achieve this, the principles of systematization and structuration of the scientific/research results in scientometrics databases have been analysed. We use the existing cognitive IT platform Polyhedron and extend it with an ontology-based information model as main contribution. As a proof-of-concept we have modelled two ontological graphs, “Development of a rational way for utilization of methane tank waste at LLC Vasylkivska poultry farm” and “Development a method for utilization of methane tank effluent”. Also, for a demonstration of the perspective of ontological systems for a systematization of research and scientific results, the “Hypothesis test system” ontological graph has created.
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Sharma, Viresh, Edwin Ramirez-Asis, Aamir Junaid Ahmad, Miguel Silva-Zapata, Joseph Alvarado-Tolentino, Harish Kumar i Daniel Krah. "On the Internet of Things, Blockchain Technology for Supply Chain Management (IoT)". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (10.05.2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9185731.
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Patient’s medical records are now accessible from anywhere and at any time, thanks to the Internet and the changes it has wrought in the healthcare industry. Electronic health records were dogged by a lack of standards, but that was not the only issue. Decentralized online ledgers were already being proposed and used to solve interoperability and privacy issues when blockchain-based systems were first built. As far as technical issues go, scaling, usability, and accessibility stand out. On the one hand, it is difficult to keep secure access control measures on-chain while simultaneously keeping a wide range of medical data off-chain. Finding out who owns what and spreading access control of data is the second challenge in medical settings. Using temporal blockchain, the Secured Healthcare System (SHS) aims to address these problems (TB). As an SHS fundamental building piece, the context-based Merkle tree emphasizes privacy, enhanced integrity management, and access control methods (CBMT). For interoperability and scale control, the framework uses temporal features, HL7 criteria, and IPFS data management (IPFS). Personalized micro booklet (PML) security was found to be affected by the SHS framework, namely, on the time-based shadow notions and the contextual components of the PML (PML). Taking advantage of the architecture’s enormous potential to solve the challenges of siloed data and enabling tamper-proof, secure healthcare transaction has been sought.
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Sun, Chenxi, Danyang Li, Beilei Wang i Jie Song. "AI-Enabled Consensus Algorithm in Human-Centric Collaborative Computing for Internet of Vehicle". Symmetry 15, nr 6 (15.06.2023): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15061264.
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With the enhanced interoperability of information among vehicles, the demand for collaborative sharing among vehicles increases. Based on blockchain, the classical consensus algorithms in collaborative IoV (Internet of Vehicle), such as PoW (Proof of Work), PoS (Proof of Stake), and DPoS (Delegated Proof of Stake), only consider the node features, which is hard to adapt to the immediacy and flexibility of vehicles. On the other hand, classical consensus algorithms often require mass computing, which undoubtedly increases the communication overhead, resulting in the inability to achieve collaborative IoV under asymmetric networks. Therefore, proposing a low failure rate consensus algorithm that takes into account running time and energy consumption becomes a major challenge in IoV applications. This paper proposes an AI-enabled consensus algorithm with vehicle features, combining vehicle-based metrics and neural networks. First, we introduce vehicle-based metrics such as vehicle online time, performance, and behavior. Then, we propose an integral model and a hierarchical classification method, which combine with a BP neural network to obtain the optimal solution for interconnection. Among them, we also use Informer to predict the future online duration of vehicles, which effectively solves the situation that the primary node vehicle drops off in collaborative IoV. Finally, the experimentations show that the vehicle-based metrics eliminate the problem of the primary node vehicle being offline, which realizes the collaborative IoV considering vehicle features. Meanwhile, it reduces the vehicle network system delay and energy consumption.
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Pileggi, Salvatore Flavio. "IndShaker: A Knowledge-Based Approach to Enhance Multi-Perspective System Dynamics Analysis". Modelling 4, nr 1 (23.12.2022): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/modelling4010002.
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Decision making as a result of system dynamics analysis requires, in practice, a straightforward and systematic modeling capability as well as a high-level of customization and flexibility to adapt to situations and environments that may vary very much from each other. While in general terms a completely generic approach could be not as effective as ad hoc solutions, the proper application of modern technology may facilitate agile strategies as a result of a smart combination of qualitative and quantitative aspects. In order to address such complexity, we propose a knowledge-based approach that integrates the systematic computation of heterogeneous criteria with open semantics. The holistic understanding of the framework is described by a reference architecture and the proof-of-concept prototype developed can support high-level system analysis, as well as being suitable within a number of applications contexts—i.e., as a research/educational tool, communication framework, gamification and participatory modeling. Additionally, the knowledge-based philosophy, developed upon Semantic Web technology, increases the capability in terms of holistic knowledge building and re-use via interoperability. Last but not least, the framework is designed to constantly evolve in the next future, for instance by incorporating more advanced AI-powered features.
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Schweikert, Jan, Karl-Uwe Stucky, Wolfgang Süß i Veit Hagenmeyer. "A Photovoltaic System Model Integrating FAIR Digital Objects and Ontologies". Energies 16, nr 3 (1.02.2023): 1444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031444.
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Smart grids of the future will create and provide huge data volumes, which are subject to FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) data management solutions when used within the scientific domain and for operation. FAIR Digital Objects (FDOs) provide access to (meta)data, and ontologies explicitly describe metadata as well as application data objects and domains. The present paper proposes a novel approach to integrate FAIR digital objects and ontologies as metadata models in order to support data access for energy researchers, energy research applications, operational applications and energy information systems. As the first example domain to be modeled using an ontology and to get integrated with FAIR digital objects, a photovoltaic (PV) system model is selected. For the given purpose, a discussion of existing energy ontologies shows the necessity to develop a new PV ontology. By integration of FDOs, this new PV ontology is introduced in the present paper. Furthermore, the concept of FDOs is integrated with the PV ontology in such a way that it allows for generalization. By this, the present paper contributes to a sustainable data management for smart grid operation, especially for interoperability, by using ontologies and, hence, unambiguous semantics. An information system application that visualizes the PV system, its describing data and collected sensor data, is proposed. As a proof of concept the details of the use case implementation are presented.
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Thamilarasu, Geethapriya, i Shiven Chawla. "Towards Deep-Learning-Driven Intrusion Detection for the Internet of Things". Sensors 19, nr 9 (27.04.2019): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19091977.
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Cyber-attacks on the Internet of Things (IoT) are growing at an alarming rate as devices, applications, and communication networks are becoming increasingly connected and integrated. When attacks on IoT networks go undetected for longer periods, it affects availability of critical systems for end users, increases the number of data breaches and identity theft, drives up the costs and impacts the revenue. It is imperative to detect attacks on IoT systems in near real time to provide effective security and defense. In this paper, we develop an intelligent intrusion-detection system tailored to the IoT environment. Specifically, we use a deep-learning algorithm to detect malicious traffic in IoT networks. The detection solution provides security as a service and facilitates interoperability between various network communication protocols used in IoT. We evaluate our proposed detection framework using both real-network traces for providing a proof of concept, and using simulation for providing evidence of its scalability. Our experimental results confirm that the proposed intrusion-detection system can detect real-world intrusions effectively.
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Chatterjee, Ayan, Nibedita Pahari i Andreas Prinz. "HL7 FHIR with SNOMED-CT to Achieve Semantic and Structural Interoperability in Personal Health Data: A Proof-of-Concept Study". Sensors 22, nr 10 (15.05.2022): 3756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103756.
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Heterogeneity is a problem in storing and exchanging data in a digital health information system (HIS) following semantic and structural integrity. The existing literature shows different methods to overcome this problem. Fast healthcare interoperable resources (FHIR) as a structural standard may explain other information models, (e.g., personal, physiological, and behavioral data from heterogeneous sources, such as activity sensors, questionnaires, and interviews) with semantic vocabularies, (e.g., Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine—Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT)) to connect personal health data to an electronic health record (EHR). We design and develop an intuitive health coaching (eCoach) smartphone application to prove the concept. We combine HL7 FHIR and SNOMED-CT vocabularies to exchange personal health data in JavaScript object notion (JSON). This study explores and analyzes our attempt to design and implement a structurally and logically compatible tethered personal health record (PHR) that allows bidirectional communication with an EHR. Our eCoach prototype implements most PHR-S FM functions as an interoperability quality standard. Its end-to-end (E2E) data are protected with a TSD (Services for Sensitive Data) security mechanism. We achieve 0% data loss and 0% unreliable performances during data transfer between PHR and EHR. Furthermore, this experimental study shows the effectiveness of FHIR modular resources toward flexible management of data components in the PHR (eCoach) prototype.
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Sairam, G. V., Sankalp Kumar, Shefali Gupta i Syed Sharique Haider. "Healthcare Management System Using Blockchain". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 4 (30.04.2023): 3876–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51153.
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Abstract: The current healthcare system has traditionally relied on paper-based medical records or electronic medical records (EMRs) that are stored in centralized databases. This method, however, has shown to be ineffective and unreliable, causing major delays in patient care. Medical documents are frequently sent over email as a temporary fix; however, this approach is unsafe and unreliable. Data breaches or unauthorised access to sensitive patient information pose a serious danger and may have far-reaching repercussions for both patients and healthcare providers. Blockchain technology can provide a more secure, decentralized, and efficient way to store and share medical records. Blockchain offers a tamper-proof and auditable method to trace transactions while using cryptographic methods to secure the integrity and confidentiality of data, access to patient data and modifications. Patients, physicians, and hospitals may easily, anytime, anywhere, and with total safety and security, access medical records via a decentralised blockchain network. Patients have discretion over who gets access to their information and can allow healthcare professionals and organisations access to their medical records. We are employing a number of technologies, like MetaMask, Ganache, Web3JS, and Solidity, to develop a blockchain-based solution. Users may connect with blockchain networks via the browser plugin MetaMask, and a local blockchain development tool called Ganache offers a testing environment for blockchain-based apps. Programmers may interface with the Ethereum blockchain using Web3JS, a JavaScript framework, and Solidity, a language used to create smart contracts the blockchain of Ethereum. A centralised blockchain network that can safely store and distribute patient data is the predicted result of a blockchain-based system for medical record sharing. The system's interoperability and scalability may be ensured via integration with already-existing healthcare systems and databases. Medical record sharing may be automated with smart contracts, allowing for safe and auditable access based on predefined criteria and permissions.
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Saxena, Amit. "BlockEdge: Building Bridges to Safe and Efficient Distributed Systems". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, nr 5 (31.05.2024): 3288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62322.
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Abstract: In the ever-evolving landscape of distributed systems, ensuring safety, efficiency, and scalability remains a paramount challenge. BlockEdge emerges as a pioneering framework designed to address these critical issues by leveraging the principles of blockchain technology and advanced consensus mechanisms. This abstract outlines the key features, innovations, and potential impacts of BlockEdge on the realm of distributed computing. BlockEdge integrates blockchain's immutable ledger properties with a novel consensus algorithm tailored for distributed systems. Unlike traditional blockchain applications that prioritize decentralization for financial transactions, BlockEdge focuses on enhancing the performance and reliability of distributed applications. The framework employs a hybrid consensus model that combines Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) with Proof-of-Stake (PoS), optimizing both security and energy efficiency. A standout feature of BlockEdge is its modular architecture, which allows seamless interoperability between different types of distributed networks. This modularity facilitates the integration of various consensus protocols, catering to the specific needs of diverse applications, from IoT networks to large-scale data processing systems. By enabling secure and efficient cross-chain communication, BlockEdge effectively mitigates the silo effect prevalent in current distributed system designs.
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Wang, Longze, Jing Wu, Rongfang Yuan, Delong Zhang, Jinxin Liu, Siyu Jiang, Yan Zhang i Meicheng Li. "Dynamic Adaptive Cross-Chain Trading Mode for Multi-Microgrid Joint Operation". Sensors 20, nr 21 (27.10.2020): 6096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216096.
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The emerging blockchain technology has injected new vitality into the energy market, especially the peer-to-peer power trading of microgrid systems. However, with the increase of energy blockchain projects, the difficulty of data communication and value islands between blockchain networks have become open issues. Thus, in this paper, we propose a dynamic adaptive cross-chain trading mode for multi-microgrid joint operation. The novelty is to design a proof of credit threshold consensus mechanism to achieve effective information verification. This consensus mechanism can ensure the adaptive consistency of cross-chain information without changing the existing blockchain architecture of each system. At the same time, we design a corresponding key management interoperability protocol based on RSA algorithm and Chinese remainder theorem, which can realize data transfer and information consensus for cross-chain transactions. The theoretical analysis verifies that the cross-chain communication information is effective and the system is able to protect against the attack of malicious nodes. Finally, a cross-chain simulation experiment is established to analyze the operation efficiency. The result shows that this cross-chain trading takes place within seconds, which basically meets the response requirements for multi-microgrid joint operation.
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SWAMY, NIKHIL, JUAN CHEN, CÉDRIC FOURNET, PIERRE-YVES STRUB, KARTHIKEYAN BHARGAVAN i JEAN YANG. "Secure distributed programming with value-dependent types". Journal of Functional Programming 23, nr 4 (lipiec 2013): 402–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796813000142.
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AbstractDistributed applications are difficult to program reliably and securely. Dependently typed functional languages promise to prevent broad classes of errors and vulnerabilities, and to enable program verification to proceed side-by-side with development. However, as recursion, effects, and rich libraries are added, using types to reason about programs, specifications, and proofs becomes challenging. We present F*, a full-fledged design and implementation of a new dependently typed language for secure distributed programming. Our language provides arbitrary recursion while maintaining a logically consistent core; it enables modular reasoning about state and other effects using affine types; and it supports proofs of refinement properties using a mixture of cryptographic evidence and logical proof terms. The key mechanism is a new kind system that tracks several sub-languages within F* and controls their interaction. F* subsumes two previous languages, F7 and Fine. We prove type soundness (with proofs mechanized in Coq) and logical consistency for F*. We have implemented a compiler that translates F* to .NET bytecode, based on a prototype for Fine. F* provides access to libraries for concurrency, networking, cryptography, and interoperability with C#, F#, and the other .NET languages. The compiler produces verifiable binaries with 60% code size overhead for proofs and types, as much as a 45x improvement over the Fine compiler, while still enabling efficient bytecode verification. We have programmed and verified nearly 50,000 lines of F* including new schemes for multi-party sessions; a zero-knowledge privacy-preserving payment protocol; a provenance-aware curated database; a suite of web-browser extensions verified for authorization properties; a cloud-hosted multi-tier web application with a verified reference monitor; the core F* typechecker itself; and programs translated to F* from other languages such as F7 and JavaScript.
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Cernian, Alexandra, Bogdan Tiganoaia, Ioan Sacala, Adrian Pavel i Alin Iftemi. "PatientDataChain: A Blockchain-Based Approach to Integrate Personal Health Records". Sensors 20, nr 22 (16.11.2020): 6538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226538.
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Currently there is not a single trusted infrastructure used for the exchange and storage of medical data along the healthcare value chain and, thus, there is no platform used for monitoring patients’ traceability within the entire healthcare chain. This situation leads to difficult communication and increased procedural costs, and thus it limits healthcare players from developing a better understanding and know-how of patients’ traceability that could further boost innovation and development of the best-fitted health services. PatientDataChain blockchain-based technology is a novel approach, based on a decentralized healthcare infrastructure that incorporates a trust layer in the healthcare value chain. Our aim was to provide an integrated vision based on interoperability principles, that relies on the usage of specific sensors from various wearable devices, allowing us to collect specific data from patients’ medical records. Interconnecting different healthcare providers, the collected data is integrated into a unitary personal health records (PHR) system, where the patient is the owner of his/her data. The decentralized nature of PatientDataChain, based on blockchain technology, leveraged the proper context to create a novel and improved data-sharing and exchange system, which is secure, flexible, and reliable. This approach brings increased benefits to data confidentiality and privacy, while providing secure access to patient medical records. This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental validation of our proposed system, called PatientDataChain. The original contributions of our paper include the definition of the concept of unifying the entire healthcare value chain, the design of the architectural model of the system, the development of the system components, as well as the validation through a proof of concept (PoC) conducted with a medical clinic from Bucharest, using a dataset of 100 patients and over 1000 transactions. The proof of concept demonstrated the feasibility of the model in integrating the personal health records from heterogeneous sources (healthcare systems and sensors) in a unified, decentralized PHR system, with enhanced data exchange among healthcare players.
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Yánez, Wendy, Rami Bahsoon, Yuqun Zhang i Rick Kazman. "Architecting Internet of Things Systems with Blockchain". ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 30, nr 3 (maj 2021): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3442412.
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Blockchain offers a distributed ledger to record data collected from Internet of Thing (IoT) devices as immutable and tamper-proof transactions and securely shared among authorized participants in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network. Despite the growing interest in using blockchain for securing IoT systems, there is a general lack of systematic research and comprehensive review of the design issues on the integration of blockchain and IoT from the software architecture perspective. This article presents a catalog of architectural tactics for the design of IoT systems supported by blockchain as a result of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on IoT and blockchain to extract the commonly reported quality attributes, design decisions, and relevant architectural tactics for the architectural design of this category of systems. Our findings are threefold:<?brk?> (i) identification of security, scalability, performance, and interoperability as the commonly reported quality attributes; (ii) a catalog of twelve architectural tactics for the design of IoT systems supported by blockchain; and (iii) gaps in research that include tradeoffs among quality attributes and identified tactics. These tactics might provide architects and designers with different options when searching for an optimal architectural design that meets the quality attributes of interest and constraints of a system.
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Leinen, Margaret, Francisco Chavez, Raïssa Meyer, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Neil Davies, Raffaella Casotti i Astrid Fischer. "The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON)". Marine Technology Society Journal 56, nr 3 (8.06.2022): 106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.20.
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Abstract Ocean life—from viruses to whales—is built from “biomolecules.” Biomolecules such as DNA infuse each drop of ocean water, grain of sediment, and breath of ocean air. The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON) is developing a global collaboration that will allow science and society to understand ocean life like never before. The program will transform how we sense, harvest, protect, and manage ocean life using molecular techniques, as it faces multiple stresses including pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. It will also help communities detect biological hazards such as harmful algal blooms and pathogens, and be a key component of next-generation ocean observing systems. OBON will encourage continuous standardization and intercalibration of methods and data interoperability to help enhance and future-proof capabilities. OBON's objectives are: 1) to build a coastal-to-open ocean multi-omics biodiversity observing system; 2) to develop and transfer capacity between partners; 3) to enhance marine ecosystem digitization and modelling and 4) to coordinate action on pressing scientific, management, and policy questions.
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Mohani, Syed Sheraz ul Hasan, i Kamran Raza. "LTE and GPS based Deca Band Printed Antenna for Cellular Mobile Handset Communication Applications". Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 38, nr 2 (1.04.2019): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1902.06.
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This paper presents novel mobile phone antenna for radiations simultaneously in ten frequency bands for applications of LTE (Long-Term Evolution), GPS (Global Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), PCS (Public and Commercial Services), DCS (Distributed Control System), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). The antenna demonstrates novel characteristics for resolving the challenge of simultaneous radiation capabilities for the GSM and GPS applications with frequencies of 850/900 and 1575 MHz respectively, along with resonances at frequency band of 700 MHz for LTE applications, 1800 and 1900 MHz for PCS and DCS applications, 2100 MHz for UMTS applications, 2400 and 2500 MHz for LTE applications and 3300 MHz for WiMAX applications with S11 = - 6 dB matching criteria (VSWR 3:1). The antenna architecture comprises top and bottom copper layers embedded with monopole radiating element, branch line, slots and various stub lines. The desired operating bands are achieved in a compact area with overall dimensions of 0.8x60x120 mm for the height, width and length respectively of the antenna providing suitable platform for mobile handset applications. Omni-directional radiation pattern characteristics are achieved throughout the range of frequencies by designing the proposed antenna in monopole configuration. Proposed antenna is fabricated and results for the surface currents, s-parameters and 3D (Three-Dimensional) gain plots are illustrated for the proof of concept.
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Kabbara, Nadine, Mohand Ouamer Nait Belaid, Madeleine Gibescu, Luis Ramirez Camargo, Jerome Cantenot, Thierry Coste, Vincent Audebert i Hugo Morais. "Towards Software-Defined Protection, Automation, and Control in Power Systems: Concepts, State of the Art, and Future Challenges". Energies 15, nr 24 (10.12.2022): 9362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249362.
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Nowadays, power systems’ Protection, Automation, and Control (PAC) functionalities are often deployed in different constrained devices (Intelligent Electronic Devices) following a coupled hardware/software design. However, with the increase in distributed energy resources, more customized controllers will be required. These devices have high operational and deployment costs with long development, testing, and complex upgrade cycles. Addressing these challenges requires that a ’revolution’ in power system PAC design takes place. Decoupling from hardware-dependent implementations by virtualizing the functionalities facilitates the transition from a traditional power grid into a software-defined smart grid. This article presents a survey of recent literature on software-defined PAC for power systems, covering the concepts, main academic works, industrial proof of concepts, and the latest standardization efforts in this rising area. Finally, we summarize the expected future technical, industrial, and standardization challenges and open research problems. It was observed that software-defined PAC systems have a promising potential that can be leveraged for future PAC and smart grid developments. Moreover, standardizations in virtual IED software development and deployments, configuration tools, performance benchmarking, and compliance testing using a dynamic, agile approach assuring interoperability are critical enablers.
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Satybaldy, Abylay, Anushka Subedi i Mariusz Nowostawski. "A Framework for Online Document Verification Using Self-Sovereign Identity Technology". Sensors 22, nr 21 (1.11.2022): 8408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218408.
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As the world is gradually moving towards digitization, forgery of vital digital documents has become relatively easy. Therefore, the need for efficient and secure verification and authentication practices of digital documents is also increasing. Self-sovereign identity (SSI) is a set of technologies that build on core concepts in identity management, blockchain technology, and cryptography. SSI enables entities to create fraud-proof verifiable credentials and instantly verify the authenticity of a digital credential. The online document verification solutions must deal with a myriad of issues in regard to privacy and security. Moreover, various challenging and tedious processes have made document verification overly complex and time-consuming which motivated us to conduct this research. This work presents a novel framework for online document verification based on SSI technology. The solution address the complexity and interoperability issues that are present in the current digital document verification systems. We look at a particular use case, i.e., document verification in online loan processing and evaluate how this proposed approach can make an impact on the existing system. Our solution based on SSI standards replaces the intermediary and enables trust between players in the ecosystem. The technology also holds the potential to make the system more efficient, interoperable, and privacy-preserving.
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Craik, Alexander, Juan José González-España, Ayman Alamir, David Edquilang, Sarah Wong, Lianne Sánchez Rodríguez, Jeff Feng, Gerard E. Francisco i Jose L. Contreras-Vidal. "Design and Validation of a Low-Cost Mobile EEG-Based Brain–Computer Interface". Sensors 23, nr 13 (26.06.2023): 5930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23135930.
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Objective: We designed and validated a wireless, low-cost, easy-to-use, mobile, dry-electrode headset for scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recordings for closed-loop brain–computer (BCI) interface and internet-of-things (IoT) applications. Approach: The EEG-based BCI headset was designed from commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components using a multi-pronged approach that balanced interoperability, cost, portability, usability, form factor, reliability, and closed-loop operation. Main Results: The adjustable headset was designed to accommodate 90% of the population. A patent-pending self-positioning dry electrode bracket allowed for vertical self-positioning while parting the user’s hair to ensure contact of the electrode with the scalp. In the current prototype, five EEG electrodes were incorporated in the electrode bracket spanning the sensorimotor cortices bilaterally, and three skin sensors were included to measure eye movement and blinks. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) provides monitoring of head movements. The EEG amplifier operates with 24-bit resolution up to 500 Hz sampling frequency and can communicate with other devices using 802.11 b/g/n WiFi. It has high signal–to–noise ratio (SNR) and common–mode rejection ratio (CMRR) (121 dB and 110 dB, respectively) and low input noise. In closed-loop BCI mode, the system can operate at 40 Hz, including real-time adaptive noise cancellation and 512 MB of processor memory. It supports LabVIEW as a backend coding language and JavaScript (JS), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and HyperText Markup Language (HTML) as front-end coding languages and includes training and optimization of support vector machine (SVM) neural classifiers. Extensive bench testing supports the technical specifications and human-subject pilot testing of a closed-loop BCI application to support upper-limb rehabilitation and provides proof-of-concept validation for the device’s use at both the clinic and at home. Significance: The usability, interoperability, portability, reliability, and programmability of the proposed wireless closed-loop BCI system provides a low-cost solution for BCI and neurorehabilitation research and IoT applications.
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Shmatko, Oleksandr, Yaroslav Kliuchka, Roman Korolov, Vladyslav Khvostenko i Sergii Dunaiev. "DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF AN IOTA-BASED MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM". Ukrainian Information Security Research Journal 25, nr 1 (26.05.2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2410-7840.25.17594.
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The traditional medical information systems are plagued by issues such as data breaches, lack of privacy, and data integrity concerns. This paper presents the design and evaluation of an IOTA-based medical information system aimed at addressing these challenges. In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a powerful tool for securing and managing data in a decentralized manner. One area where this technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we do things is in e-medicine. E-medicine, or electronic medicine, refers to the use of technology to deliver healthcare services remotely. This includes telemedicine, online consultations, and remote monitoring of patients' health status. IOTA blockchain technology, in particular, has a lot of potential in e-medicine. IOTA is a distributed ledger technology that uses a directed acyclic graph (DAG) instead of a traditional blockchain. The main ad-vantage of this approach is that it eliminates the need for miners and makes the system more scalable, fast, and energy-efficient. IOTA is also designed to be feeless, making it an ideal choice for microtransactions. In e-medicine, IOTA can be used in several ways. One potential use case is for secure and decentralized storage of patients' medical records. Medical records are highly sensitive and contain confidential information that needs to be protected from unauthorized access. By using IOTA's tamper-proof and immutable ledger, patients can have more control over their medical records and choose who has access to them. This can be especially useful in situations where patients need to share their medical records with multiple healthcare providers or research institutions. By leveraging the unique features of IOTA, such as its feeless microtransactions, scalability, and distributed ledger technology, the proposed system enhances security, privacy, and interoperability in healthcare information management. The evaluation of the system involves performance tests, and a comparison with existing solutions.
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Ikhbaluddin, Ikhbaluddin. "STRATEGI PEMERINTAH KOTA TASIKMALAYA DALAM MENERAPKAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PEMERINTAHAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN TATA KELOLA PEMERINTAHAN". Jurnal Teknologi dan Komunikasi Pemerintahan 2, nr 2 (16.11.2020): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33701/jtkp.v2i2.2316.
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The use of technology of information in the government sector well known as TIP (Technology of Government Information) it was not a new concerning formally, Indonesia just had the regulation on the 2003, refer to ordinance the 2003 number 3 that consist on development of electronic government. The regulation has 6 (six) strategies and phases of TIP development comprehensively. However, Tasikmalaya City Government still faces many problems in it’s implementation.
Related with this research, it capable of proof that there are several obstacles in the implementation of TIP in Tasikmalaya City Government, such as either regional regulation or Mayor Regulation Governing Regulated the implementation of TIP in a comprehensive manner TIP application have been built are still partial in each Organization of Local Government (OPD), and have not been integrated in an interoperability system. The lack of human resources who have competence in this sector, and it’s implementation does not involve to another such as the people and private parties. Based on the conditions above it will impact on the weakness of government implementation, especially on public service as a good governance indicator should be have.
The key word : Technology of Government Information (E-Government)
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Dowek, Gilles. "Analyzing Individual Proofs as the Basis of Interoperability between Proof Systems". Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science 262 (4.12.2017): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.262.1.
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Chen, Shuo, Falko Ebe, Jeromie Morris, Heiko Lorenz, Christoph Kondzialka i Gerd Heilscher. "Implementation and Test of an IEC 61850-Based Automation Framework for the Automated Data Model Integration of DES (ADMID) into DSO SCADA". Energies 15, nr 4 (19.02.2022): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041552.
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As a result of the energy transition, an increasing number of Decentralized Energy Systems (DES) will be installed in the distribution grid in the future. Accordingly, new methods to systematically integrate the growing DES in distribution power systems must be developed utilizing the constantly evolving Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). This paper proposes the Automated Data Model Integration of DES (ADMID) approach for the integration of DES into the ICT environment of the Distribution System Operator (DSO). The proposed ADMID utilizes the data model structure defined by the standard-series IEC 61850 and has been implemented as a Python package. The presented two Use Cases focus on the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) on the DSO operational level following a four-stage test procedure, while this approach has enormous potential for advanced DSO applications. The test results obtained during simulation or real-time communication to field devices indicate that the utilization of IEC 61850-compliant data models is eligible for the proposed automation approach, and the implemented framework can be a considerable solution for the system integration in future distribution grids with a high share of DES. As a proof-of-concept study, the proposed ADMID approach requires additional development with a focus on the harmonization with the Common Information Model (CIM), which could significantly improve its functional interoperability and help it reach a higher Technology Readiness Level (TRL).
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Miksa, Tomasz, Simon Oblasser i Andreas Rauber. "Automating Research Data Management Using Machine-Actionable Data Management Plans". ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems 13, nr 2 (30.06.2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3490396.
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Many research funders mandate researchers to create and maintain data management plans (DMPs) for research projects that describe how research data is managed to ensure its reusability. A DMP, being a static textual document, is difficult to act upon and can quickly become obsolete and impractical to maintain. A new generation of machine-actionable DMPs (maDMPs) was therefore proposed by the Research Data Alliance to enable automated integration of information and updates. maDMPs open up a variety of use cases enabling interoperability of research systems and automation of data management tasks. In this article, we describe a system for machine-actionable data management planning in an institutional context. We identify common use cases within research that can be automated to benefit from machine-actionability of DMPs. We propose a reference architecture of an maDMP support system that can be embedded into an institutional research data management infrastructure. The system semi-automates creation and maintenance of DMPs, and thus eases the burden for the stakeholders responsible for various DMP elements. We evaluate the proposed system in a case study conducted at the largest technical university in Austria and quantify to what extent the DMP templates provided by the European Commission and a national funding body can be pre-filled. The proof-of-concept implementation shows that maDMP workflows can be semi-automated, thus workload on involved parties can be reduced and quality of information increased. The results are especially relevant to decision makers and infrastructure operators who want to design information systems in a systematic way that can utilize the full potential of maDMPs.
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Blobel, B., i D. M. López. "Architectural Approaches for HL7-based Health Information Systems Implementation". Methods of Information in Medicine 49, nr 02 (2010): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me09-02-0012.
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Summary Objective: Information systems integration is hard, especially when semantic and business process interoperability requirements need to be met. To succeed, a unified methodology, approaching different aspects of systems architecture such as business, information, computational, engineering and technology viewpoints, has to be considered. The paper contributes with an analysis and demonstration on how the HL7 standard set can support health information systems integration. Methods: Based on the Health Information Systems Development Framework (HIS-DF), common architectural models for HIS integration are analyzed. The framework is a standard-based, consistent, comprehensive, customizable, scalable methodology that supports the design of semantically interoperable health information systems and components. Results: Three main architectural models for system integration are analyzed: the point to point interface, the messages server and the mediator models. Point to point interface and messages server models are completely supported by traditional HL7 version 2 and version 3 messaging. The HL7 v3 standard specification, combined with service-oriented, model-driven approaches provided by HIS-DF, makes the mediator model possible. The different integration scenarios are illustrated by describing a proof-of-concept implementation of an integrated public health surveil-lance system based on Enterprise Java Beans technology. Conclusion: Selecting the appropriate integration architecture is a fundamental issue of any software development project. HIS-DF provides a unique methodological approach guiding the development of healthcare integration projects. The mediator model – offered by the HIS-DF and supported in HL7 v3 artifacts – is the more promising one promoting the development of open, reusable, flexible, semantically interoperable, platform-independent, service-oriented and standard-based health information systems.
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Trigo, Jesús D., Óscar J. Rubio, Miguel Martínez-Espronceda, Álvaro Alesanco, José García i Luis Serrano-Arriezu. "Building Standardized and Secure Mobile Health Services Based on Social Media". Electronics 9, nr 12 (21.12.2020): 2208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122208.
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Mobile devices and social media have been used to create empowering healthcare services. However, privacy and security concerns remain. Furthermore, the integration of interoperability biomedical standards is a strategic feature. Thus, the objective of this paper is to build enhanced healthcare services by merging all these components. Methodologically, the current mobile health telemonitoring architectures and their limitations are described, leading to the identification of new potentialities for a novel architecture. As a result, a standardized, secure/private, social-media-based mobile health architecture has been proposed and discussed. Additionally, a technical proof-of-concept (two Android applications) has been developed by selecting a social media (Twitter), a security envelope (open Pretty Good Privacy (openPGP)), a standard (Health Level 7 (HL7)) and an information-embedding algorithm (modifying the transparency channel, with two versions). The tests performed included a small-scale and a boundary scenario. For the former, two sizes of images were tested; for the latter, the two versions of the embedding algorithm were tested. The results show that the system is fast enough (less than 1 s) for most mHealth telemonitoring services. The architecture provides users with friendly (images shared via social media), straightforward (fast and inexpensive), secure/private and interoperable mHealth services.
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Kang, Yunhee, Jaehyuk Cho i Young B. Park. "An Empirical Study of a Trustworthy Cloud Common Data Model Using Decentralized Identifiers". Applied Sciences 11, nr 19 (27.09.2021): 8984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11198984.
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The Conventional Cloud Common Data Model (CDM) uses a centralized method of user identification and credentials. This needs to be solved in a decentralized way because there are limitations in interoperability such as closed identity management and identity leakage. In this paper, we propose a DID (Decentralized Identifier)-based cloud CDM that allows researchers to securely store medical research information by authenticating their identity and to access the CDM reliably. The proposed service model is used to provide the credential of the researcher in the process of creating and accessing CDM data in the designed secure cloud. This model is designed on a DID-based user-centric identification system to support the research of enrolled researchers in a cloud CDM environment involving multiple hospitals and laboratories. The prototype of the designed model is an extension of the encrypted CDM delivery method using DID and provides an identification system by limiting the use cases of CDM data by researchers registered in cloud CDM. Prototypes built for agent-based proof of concept (PoC) are leveraged to enhance security for researcher use of ophthalmic CDM data. For this, the CDM ID schema and ID definition are described by issuing IDs of CDM providers and CDM agents, limiting the IDs of researchers who are CDM users. The proposed method is to provide a framework for integrated and efficient data access control policy management. It provides strong security and ensures both the integrity and availability of CDM data.
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Aslam, Sidra, i Michael Mrissa. "A framework for privacy-aware and secure decentralized data storage". Computer Science and Information Systems, nr 00 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis220110007a.
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Blockchain technology gained popularity thanks to its decentralized and transparent features. However, it suffers from a lack of privacy as it stores data publicly and has difficulty to handle data updates due to its main feature known as immutability. In this paper, we propose a decentralized data storage and access framework that combines blockchain technology with Distributed Hash Table (DHT), a role-based access control model, and multiple encryption mechanisms. Our framework stores metadata and DHT keys on the blockchain, while encrypted data is managed on the DHT, which enables data owners to control their data. It allows authorized actors to store and read their data in a decentralized storage system. We design REST APIs to ensure interoperability over the Web. Concerning data updates, we propose a pointer system that allows data owners to access their update history, which solves the issue of data updates while preserving the benefits of using the blockchain. We illustrate our solution with a wood supply chain use case and propose a traceability algorithm that allows the actors of the wood supply chain to trace the data and verify product origin. Our framework design allows authorized users to access the data and protects data against linking, eavesdropping, spoofing, and modification attacks. Moreover, we provide a proof of-concept implementation, security and privacy analysis, and evaluation for time consumption and scalability. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility, security, privacy, and scalability of the proposed solution.
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Rodríguez-Cobo, Luís, Luís Reyes-Gonzalez, José Francisco Algorri, Sara Díez-del-Valle Garzón, Roberto García-García, José Miguel López-Higuera i Adolfo Cobo. "Non-Contact Thermal and Acoustic Sensors with Embedded Artificial Intelligence for Point-of-Care Diagnostics". Sensors 24, nr 1 (26.12.2023): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24010129.
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This work involves exploring non-invasive sensor technologies for data collection and preprocessing, specifically focusing on novel thermal calibration methods and assessing low-cost infrared radiation sensors for facial temperature analysis. Additionally, it investigates innovative approaches to analyzing acoustic signals for quantifying coughing episodes. The research integrates diverse data capture technologies to analyze them collectively, considering their temporal evolution and physical attributes, aiming to extract statistically significant relationships among various variables for valuable insights. The study delineates two distinct aspects: cough detection employing a microphone and a neural network, and thermal sensors employing a calibration curve to refine their output values, reducing errors within a specified temperature range. Regarding control units, the initial implementation with an ESP32 transitioned to a Raspberry Pi model 3B+ due to neural network integration issues. A comprehensive testing is conducted for both fever and cough detection, ensuring robustness and accuracy in each scenario. The subsequent work involves practical experimentation and interoperability tests, validating the proof of concept for each system component. Furthermore, this work assesses the technical specifications of the prototype developed in the preceding tasks. Real-time testing is performed for each symptom to evaluate the system’s effectiveness. This research contributes to the advancement of non-invasive sensor technologies, with implications for healthcare applications such as remote health monitoring and early disease detection.
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Si, Haiping, Weixia Li, Qingyi Wang, Haohao Cao, Fernando Bacao i Changxia Sun. "A secure cross-domain interaction scheme for blockchain-based intelligent transportation systems". PeerJ Computer Science 9 (15.11.2023): e1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1678.
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In the intelligent transportation system (ITS), secure and efficient data communication among vehicles, road testing equipment, computing nodes, and transportation agencies is important for building a smart city-integrated transportation system. However, the traditional centralized processing approach may face threats in terms of data leakage and trust. The use of distributed, tamper-proof blockchain technology can improve the decentralized storage and security of data in the ITS network. However, the cross-trust domain devices, terminals, and transportation agencies in the heterogeneous blockchain network of the ITS still face great challenges in trusted data communication and interoperability. In this article, we propose a heterogeneous cross-chain interaction mechanism based on relay nodes and identity encryption to solve the problem of data cross-domain interaction between devices and agencies in the ITS. First, we propose the ITS cross-chain communication framework and improve the cross-chain interaction model. The relay nodes are interconnected through libP2P to form a relay node chain, which is used for cross-chain information verification and transmission. Secondly, we propose a relay node secure access scheme based on identity-based encryption to provide reliable identity authentication for relay nodes. Finally, we build a standard cross-chain communication protocol and cross-chain transaction lifecycle for this mechanism. We use Hyperledger Fabric and FISCO BCOS blockchain to design and implement this solution, and verify the feasibility of this cross-chain interaction mechanism. The experimental results show that the mechanism can achieve a stable data cross-chain read throughput of 2,000 transactions per second, which can meet the requirements of secure and efficient cross-chain communication and interaction among heterogeneous blockchains in the ITS, and has high application value.
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Kalmus, Olivier, Kirsten Smits, Max Seitz, Christian Haux, Bernt-Peter Robra i Stefan Listl. "Evaluation of a Digital Decision Support System to Integrate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis Care: Case-Vignette Study in Simulated Environments". Journal of Medical Internet Research 25 (2.10.2023): e46381. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/46381.
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Background As highlighted by the recent World Health Organization Oral Health Resolution, there is an urgent need to better integrate primary and oral health care. Despite evidence and guidelines substantiating the relevance of integrating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis care, the fragmentation of primary and oral health care persists. Objective This paper reports on the evaluation of a prototype digital decision support system (DSS) that was developed to enhance the integration of T2DM and periodontitis care. Methods The effects of the prototype DSS were assessed in web-based simulated environments, using 2 different sets of case vignettes in combination with evaluation surveys among 202 general dental practitioners (GDPs) and 206 general practitioners (GPs). Each participant evaluated 3 vignettes, one of which, chosen at random, was assisted by the DSS. Logistic regression analyses were conducted at the participant and case levels. Results Under DSS assistance, GPs had 8.3 (95% CI 4.32-16.03) times higher odds of recommending a GDP visit. There was no significant impact of DSS assistance on GP advice about common risk factors for T2DM and periodontal disease. GDPs had 4.3 (95% CI 2.08-9.04) times higher odds of recommending a GP visit, 1.6 (95% CI 1.03-2.33) times higher odds of giving advice on disease correlations, and 3.2 (95% CI 1.63-6.35) times higher odds of asking patients about their glycated hemoglobin value. Conclusions The findings of this study provide a proof of concept for a digital DSS to integrate T2DM and periodontal care. Future updating and testing is warranted to continuously enhance the functionalities of the DSS in terms of interoperability with various types of data sources and diagnostic devices; incorporation of other (oral) health dimensions; application in various settings, including via telemedicine; and further customization of end-user interfaces.
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Pineda Rincón, Edwar Andrés, i Luis Gabriel Moreno-Sandoval. "Design of an Architecture Contributing to the Protection and Privacy of the Data Associated with the Electronic Health Record". Information 12, nr 8 (2.08.2021): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12080313.
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The Electronic Health Record (EHR) has brought numerous challenges since its inception that have prevented a unified implementation from being carried out in Colombia. Within these challenges, we find a lack of security, auditability, and interoperability. Moreover, there is no general vision of the patient’s history throughout its life since different systems store the information separately. This lack of unified history leads to multiple risks for patients’ lives and the leakage of private data because each system has different mechanisms to safeguard and protect the information, and in several cases, these mechanisms do not exist. Many researchers tried to build multiple information systems attempting to solve this problem. However, these systems do not have a formal and rigorous architectural design to analyze and obtain health needs through architectural drivers to construct robust systems to solve these problems. This article describes the process of designing a software architecture that provides security to the information that makes up the Electronic Health Record in Colombia (EHR). Once we obtained the architectural drivers, we proposed Blockchain mainly due to its immutable distributed ledger, consensus algorithms, and smart contracts that securely transport this sensitive information. With this design decision, we carried out the construction of structures and necessary architectural documentation. We also develop a Proof of Concept (POC) using Hyperledger Fabric according to the literature analysis review in order to build a primary health network, in addition to a Smart Contract (Chaincode) using the Go programming language to perform a performance evaluation and do a safety analysis that demonstrates that the proposed design is reliable. The proposed design allows us to conclude that it is possible to build a secure architecture that protects patient health data privacy, facilitating the EHR’s construction in Colombia.
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Chatterjee, Ayan, Andreas Prinz, Martin Gerdes i Santiago Martinez. "An Automatic Ontology-Based Approach to Support Logical Representation of Observable and Measurable Data for Healthy Lifestyle Management: Proof-of-Concept Study". Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, nr 4 (9.04.2021): e24656. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24656.
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Background Lifestyle diseases, because of adverse health behavior, are the foremost cause of death worldwide. An eCoach system may encourage individuals to lead a healthy lifestyle with early health risk prediction, personalized recommendation generation, and goal evaluation. Such an eCoach system needs to collect and transform distributed heterogenous health and wellness data into meaningful information to train an artificially intelligent health risk prediction model. However, it may produce a data compatibility dilemma. Our proposed eHealth ontology can increase interoperability between different heterogeneous networks, provide situation awareness, help in data integration, and discover inferred knowledge. This “proof-of-concept” study will help sensor, questionnaire, and interview data to be more organized for health risk prediction and personalized recommendation generation targeting obesity as a study case. Objective The aim of this study is to develop an OWL-based ontology (UiA eHealth Ontology/UiAeHo) model to annotate personal, physiological, behavioral, and contextual data from heterogeneous sources (sensor, questionnaire, and interview), followed by structuring and standardizing of diverse descriptions to generate meaningful, practical, personalized, and contextual lifestyle recommendations based on the defined rules. Methods We have developed a simulator to collect dummy personal, physiological, behavioral, and contextual data related to artificial participants involved in health monitoring. We have integrated the concepts of “Semantic Sensor Network Ontology” and “Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine—Clinical Terms” to develop our proposed eHealth ontology. The ontology has been created using Protégé (version 5.x). We have used the Java-based “Jena Framework” (version 3.16) for building a semantic web application that includes resource description framework (RDF) application programming interface (API), OWL API, native tuple store (tuple database), and the SPARQL (Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language) query engine. The logical and structural consistency of the proposed ontology has been evaluated with the “HermiT 1.4.3.x” ontology reasoner available in Protégé 5.x. Results The proposed ontology has been implemented for the study case “obesity.” However, it can be extended further to other lifestyle diseases. “UiA eHealth Ontology” has been constructed using logical axioms, declaration axioms, classes, object properties, and data properties. The ontology can be visualized with “Owl Viz,” and the formal representation has been used to infer a participant’s health status using the “HermiT” reasoner. We have also developed a module for ontology verification that behaves like a rule-based decision support system to predict the probability for health risk, based on the evaluation of the results obtained from SPARQL queries. Furthermore, we discussed the potential lifestyle recommendation generation plan against adverse behavioral risks. Conclusions This study has led to the creation of a meaningful, context-specific ontology to model massive, unintuitive, raw, unstructured observations for health and wellness data (eg, sensors, interviews, questionnaires) and to annotate them with semantic metadata to create a compact, intelligible abstraction for health risk predictions for individualized recommendation generation.