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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Producer societies"
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Chaudhary, H., i J. S. Panwar. "Dairy cooperative societies-Perceptions of milk producer members". Social Change 34, nr 3 (wrzesień 2004): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570403400304.
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Aparna, S. U., i M. Asokhan. "Impact Analysis of Coconut Producer Societies in Kerala State". International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, nr 4 (10.04.2020): 1201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.904.142.
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Michel, Christian. "End Of The Warriors". New Perspectives on Political Economy 1, nr 1 (25.10.2005): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.62374/8m9s8x23.
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A primitive society is characterised by the absence of a state. As soon as the state emerges, human societies become divided into castes. Anthropologist Georges Dumézil discerned three such castes in all Indo-European societies: priests, warriors and producers. This paper seeks to understand why the producer caste was always considered the lowest of the three in terms of prestige, despite being the most numerous and arguably the most useful. Producers embody the values of life and nature; warriors are on the side of culture; they must resist the natural urge to flee in the face of mortal danger. The producer acts out of self-interest, the warrior does what is right. The debt owed by society to those who accept to lay their lives for its protection is infinite. It cannot be repaid in the producers’ currency (money), but only in terms of prestige and power. But in accomplishing their mission, warriors must resort to all the methods forbidden to producers, killing, deceiving, coercing. Warriors were kept outside of society, even physically, in barracks and camps, so that their values would not infect the producer's caste, nor would the bourgeois values of comfort, family life, and legitimate fear of death diminish the warriors’ morale. The state bureaucracy today has usurped the debt owed by society to its warriors. Albeit bureaucrats are hardly at risk of their lives, they claim to have become our protectors (against unemployment, illness, old age. . .) and they have found new wars to wage against drugs, poverty, crime and terror. They claim the moral high ground over producers, continuing the division of society into castes that primitives resisted for so long.
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Sharma, Dr Renu. "Farm Producers Organizations a collectiveness Approach, Study & Review of Scheme". International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 04, nr 04 (2022): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2022.v04i04.059.
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Small and marginal farmers always face problem in production and income in absence of economy of scale. Farmers and governments always tried to get the advantage of collectiveness to get the both ended advantage of economy of scale. Cooperative societies of farmers were one of the mitigation techniques. SHG, JLG, farmers club etc are the efforts to achieve the economy of scale in production and marketing but distress of the farmers proved all efforts incomplete. In the year 2002 a special structure comprising the characteristics of cooperatives society and company was designed for original farm producers in the form and style of FPOs (farm producer organizations) managed and run by Cluster based Business organization (CBBO).The ownership of the PO (Producer organization) is with its members it is an organization of the producers for the producers. FPO also known as farmers company (FPC) is an legal entity by primary producers. An FPO can be a producer company, a cooperative society or any other form. The small farmers Agri-business consortium (SFAC) developed by Government of India to increase the Income of small and marginal farmers. Central Sector Scheme of “Formation and Promotion of 10,000 Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs)” is the attempt to accelerate the formation of FPO, Govt. assistance at all level of formation and operation of FPO, hand holding support for five year budget allocation GOI budget 2020-21. The study will evaluate and asses the scheme and role to increase the farm producers’ income by way of FPO on account of budget allocation and implementation of central scheme.
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Kaviraj, Gauns Dessai, Sanjay Kumar i A. K. Rai. "A Study of Marketing of Cashew Nut in South Goa District of Goa, India". International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, nr 18 (5.08.2023): 1660–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183441.
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A marketing of cashewnut was studied in South Goa district of Goa and have been presented in the form of tabular analysis. A multi-stage stratified sampling procedure was adopted to select marketing functionaries such as primary and secondary market. The study regarding market functionaries was considered to collect data regarding marketing cost and margins and to identify different marketing channels. With the help of this data price spread, producer share in consumer’s rupee and marketing efficiency was calculated. The three different channels were identified i.e., Channel I (Producer-Cooperative societies- Processor-Wholesaler-Retailer), Channel II (Producer-Village Trader-Processor-wholesaler-retailer) and Channel III (Producer-Processor-Wholesaler-Retailer). The Channel III was found to be most efficient marketing channel and the Channel II was found more popular in marketing of cashewnut.
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Gong, Weimin, Zhibin Zhang, Long Chen, Xiaomin Ma, Xuewei Zhao i Yan Guo. "Evolution of an Urban Network in the Yellow River Basin Based on Producer Services". Complexity 2022 (11.04.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3667745.
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From the perspective of the producer services, a chain network model describes the evolution of an urban network in the Yellow River Basin and its mechanisms. The findings indicate the following phenomena: the spread of urban network connections in the basin and the proportional structure of cities at all levels show the characteristics of “flattening.” The network relationship within the basin has a clear spatial and hierarchical orientation, presenting a “core-periphery” network structure and a “polarisation to trickle down” development model. The spatial organisation of the urban network societies in the river basin is remarkable. The closeness of the societies shows a trend at first decreasing and then increasing. The boundaries of the associations are consistent with the provincial administrative boundaries. The formation and evolution of the urban network in the basin have passed through the initial agglomeration stage, the hierarchical network formation stage, and the hierarchical network consolidation stage. From the perspective of influence mechanisms, proximity mechanisms, socio-economic development, and advances in communication technology have significantly impacted the formation of the urban network structure in the Basin, while the level of science and technology education and the degree of openness to the outside world have had less influence on the promotion of network connections between cities.
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MUKHERJEE, ANIRBAN, PREMLATA SINGH, MRINMOY RAY, SATYAPRIYA SATYAPRIYA i RAJARSHI ROY BURMAN. "Enhancing farmers income through farmers' producers companies in India: Status and roadmap". Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, nr 8 (21.08.2018): 1151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i8.82441.
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There is a growing optimism that the farmers' organizations can act as a potential driving force for enhancing farmers' income. India has witnessed a positive growth of producer organizations in terms of types of organization, numbers and members. The Producer Company is a special case of producer organization that is registered under Section IXA of the Companies Act, 1956. A need was felt at that time to have an independent farmers’ organization which enables incorporation of producers into such an institution like the companies which will be controlled by them, having welfare and business outlook at a time while not compromising the sustainability issues. That creates the milieu for the genesis of Farmers’ Producer Company (FPC) in India. The FPCs are fundamentally farmer-owned and farmer-governed micro-enterprises which can be considered as hybrids between cooperative societies and private companies. The way of participation, membership and organization is similar to that of a cooperative, while the incorporation into corporate law allows greater flexibility and professionalism in their business actions. Till date 1048 FPCs are registered in India. In this article attempt has been made to review the issues of FPC, current status and future prospects. Forecasting the growth of FPC has been done up to the year 2020 utilizing Grey Model. Emphasis has been given to critically analyse the status, prospects and potentials with future outlook of 2020 concluding with strategies and policy needs.
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Csizmady, Adrienne, Bernadett Csurgó, Szabina Kerényi, András Balázs, Veronika Kocsis i Botond Palaczki. "Young Farmers’ Perceptions of Sustainability in a Wine Region in Hungary". Land 10, nr 8 (2.08.2021): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080815.
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Emerging evidence has shown that a sustainable mode of farming contributes to the sustainability of societies. However, agricultural modernization and land concentration have resulted in a decreasing role of agriculture in rural societies everywhere in Europe and also in Hungary. Governmental funds and agendas increasingly focus on the regeneration of rural areas with a special interest in the new generations of farmers. This paper analyses a small wine region in Hungary to explore the perceptions and activities of young farmers regarding sustainability. The paper is based on qualitative sociological research, including 20 semi-structured interviews with wine producers and other key actors of rural development in the region. The analysis focuses on generational change both in wine producer farms and in the wine region. How do farmers approach sustainability, and how does the concept of sustainability contribute to family wine production? How can generational change affect farming approaches and activities, especially changes toward a more sustainable way of farming? Our results show that rural regeneration can be understood not only as a generational renewal; it also includes endogenous development processes and new approaches targeting a more sustainable rural milieu.
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Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya, i Indra de Soysa. "Oil price volatility and political unrest: Prudence and protest in producer and consumer societies, 1980–2013". Energy Policy 145 (październik 2020): 111719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111719.
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Dufour, Pascale. "L'État post-providence: de nouvelles politiques sociales pour des parents-producteurs. Une perspective comparée". Canadian Journal of Political Science 35, nr 2 (czerwiec 2002): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423902778256.
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Rebuilding of the welfare state in post-industrialized societies is no longer organized around the male worker but around the parent-producer figure. This shift in the focus of social policies results in a greater mix between employment policies and policies towards families and children. In Quebec, this change appears as a fundamental one; the core of social public action is redefined by federal and provincial governments. By comparison, in France the fight against unemployment is still dominant.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Producer societies"
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Mqaba, Mzuyanda Victor. "The impact of government support on growth, survival and performance of cooperatives in selected areas of Eastern Cape province; South Africa". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1612.
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This study investigated the impact of government support on growth, survival and performance of agricultural cooperatives in selected areas of Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The objectives of this empirical study were to examine (1) the impact of government support on growth of cooperatives, (2) assess the impact of government support on the performance of cooperatives, (3) reviewing the impact of government support on survival of cooperatives. A total sample of 157 agricultural cooperatives which consisted of poultry, maize, goat, nursery, sheep and vegetable coops was used. Stratified random sampling technique was used and a self-administered questionnaire used to gather primary data. The primary data of the study was gathered from the cooperatives managers only as they were the targeted respondents. Gathered data went through factor analysis, anova test and correlation analysis for the statistical analysis purposefully to arrive in study findings and conclusion. The findings of the study drawn from the 66% response rate concluded that government support has a statistical significant impact on growth of cooperatives. The study also indicated that government support has a significant impact on the survival of cooperatives. It is also reported that the performance of cooperatives is significantly impacted positively by government support. The findings of the study also indicated that agricultural cooperatives are not satisfied with the present government support.
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Dente, Sébastien. "The stakes of circulation in sustainable societies : logistics and functional economy". Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0017/document.
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Les économies circulaires et de fonctionnalité sont souvent présentées comme des stratégies prometteuses quant à leur capacité à résoudre les problèmes environnementaux associés aux systèmes de production et de consommation actuels. Cependant, malgré les consommations d’énergie et émissions croissantes associées à la mondialisation de nos systèmes modernes, la question de la circulation reste peu abordée. Le présent travail s’attache à combler ce manque en analysant les effets de la représentation des activités humaines et des processus de circulation sous le champ de la durabilité. En s’intéressant ainsi au triptyque durabilité/chaîne d’approvisionnement/ économies circulaires et de fonctionnalités, le présent travail montre notamment la barrière à la durabilité que constitue la représentation standardisée de l’espace et du temps associée à la convention économique actuellement dominante. Ainsi, l’approche en circuit fermé de l’économie circulaire et l’approche servicielle de co-production associée à l’économie de fonctionnalité ne s’avèrent être des stratégies efficacement durables que si une approche spécifique des ressources et de la demande y est associée. Ce point a notamment été développé à travers un modèle logistique qui montre par rapport à un scénario logistique de référence une augmentation de 5% des émissions de CO2 liés au transport de marchandises entre régions françaises pour une approche générique de l’économie de fonctionnalité contre une diminution de 3% des émissions dans le cas d’une approche spécifiqueFunctional and circular economies are often presented as promising strategies to address the environmental issues associated with our modern production/consumption systems. Within these systems, the circulation processes themselves are usually poorly addressed, in spite of the increasing energy consumption and emissions associated with logistics under the current trends of globalization. The present thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the relationship between the representation of human activities and circulation processes and the issue of sustainability. Dealing with the triptych sustainability/supply chain management/circular and functional economies, the thesis shows that the standardized representation of space and time in the current dominant economic conventions acts as a barrier to the development of truly sustainable circulation processes. It finds that the closing loop approach of the circular economy and the product/service approach of the functional economy require specific definitions and policy measures for resources and demand, so that they can be considered as real sustainable strategies. This necessity to develop specific new approaches was further supported with evidence from a new logistics and freight transportation model for France. The model indicates that a generic approach towards a functional economy would lead to 5% increase of CO2 emissions (associated with French interregional traded tons) while a targeted approach would lead to a 3% reduction in comparison to the reference logistics scenario
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Dente, Sébastien. "The stakes of circulation in sustainable societies : logistics and functional economy". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0017.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Les économies circulaires et de fonctionnalité sont souvent présentées comme des stratégies prometteuses quant à leur capacité à résoudre les problèmes environnementaux associés aux systèmes de production et de consommation actuels. Cependant, malgré les consommations d’énergie et émissions croissantes associées à la mondialisation de nos systèmes modernes, la question de la circulation reste peu abordée. Le présent travail s’attache à combler ce manque en analysant les effets de la représentation des activités humaines et des processus de circulation sous le champ de la durabilité. En s’intéressant ainsi au triptyque durabilité/chaîne d’approvisionnement/ économies circulaires et de fonctionnalités, le présent travail montre notamment la barrière à la durabilité que constitue la représentation standardisée de l’espace et du temps associée à la convention économique actuellement dominante. Ainsi, l’approche en circuit fermé de l’économie circulaire et l’approche servicielle de co-production associée à l’économie de fonctionnalité ne s’avèrent être des stratégies efficacement durables que si une approche spécifique des ressources et de la demande y est associée. Ce point a notamment été développé à travers un modèle logistique qui montre par rapport à un scénario logistique de référence une augmentation de 5% des émissions de CO2 liés au transport de marchandises entre régions françaises pour une approche générique de l’économie de fonctionnalité contre une diminution de 3% des émissions dans le cas d’une approche spécifiqueFunctional and circular economies are often presented as promising strategies to address the environmental issues associated with our modern production/consumption systems. Within these systems, the circulation processes themselves are usually poorly addressed, in spite of the increasing energy consumption and emissions associated with logistics under the current trends of globalization. The present thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the relationship between the representation of human activities and circulation processes and the issue of sustainability. Dealing with the triptych sustainability/supply chain management/circular and functional economies, the thesis shows that the standardized representation of space and time in the current dominant economic conventions acts as a barrier to the development of truly sustainable circulation processes. It finds that the closing loop approach of the circular economy and the product/service approach of the functional economy require specific definitions and policy measures for resources and demand, so that they can be considered as real sustainable strategies. This necessity to develop specific new approaches was further supported with evidence from a new logistics and freight transportation model for France. The model indicates that a generic approach towards a functional economy would lead to 5% increase of CO2 emissions (associated with French interregional traded tons) while a targeted approach would lead to a 3% reduction in comparison to the reference logistics scenario
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Yavas, Nermin. "Gender Differences In Product Form Perception". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607233/index.pdf.
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Product form is the principal factor that affects the consumer response. It influences the consumer preferences in many ways and affects the success of the product in the market. The response is moderated by several influences including individual tastes and preferences, personal characteristics, cultural and social context and other situational factors. The purpose of this study is to find whether gender as a personal
characteristics, has an influential effect on the perception of the product form. A survey was conducted with a sample set of mobile phones. To quantify the participants’
perceptions, semantic differential method was used in which participants were asked to rate characteristics over a set of opposite adjective pairs. It is found out that, with respect to particular adjectives, responses to product form might be significantly different for males and females.
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Morrison, Alex. "The treatment of digital copyright works, with specific reference to the role of collecting societies and the online licensing of multimedia products". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21602.
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Digital technology facilitates the conversion of protected works into a single data format making the different categories of work virtually indistinguishable. This homogeneity of data also permits the display of different kinds of works on the same platform, a phenomenon widely known and incorrectly described as "multimedia". Until recently multimedia works were manufactured almost entirely in CD-ROM or floppy disc format, however, an increasing number of multimedia works are being produced as Internet software. This changes the technical as well as the legal nature of software products bringing them closer to the true meaning of "multimedia", which will become clearer later on. The technical convergence that made digitisation possible also created the Internet infrastructure, which would permit the instantaneous delivery of multimedia products. Unfortunately, the convergence of legal rules required for the effective administration of copyright is lagging behind technological convergence, and thereby impeding the development of the Information Society. For many years the development of multimedia products was held up by a 'marketing bottleneck', which increased the length of the product development life cycle. However, with the emergence of Internet technologies, especially the World Wide Web, this bottleneck has almost disappeared. The licensing of multimedia products has always been complex due to the different rules governing copyright in particular media and the large number of rights involved in multimedia compilations. These rights are currently administered by a bureaucratic system, run mostly by national collecting societies and publishing companies. One of the main consequences of this is that authorisation must be sought in respect of each copyright work used in a multimedia product, a process which is so complex and financially risky as to prevent the production of many multimedia products. Copying technologies that make reproduction of copyright works almost effortless, along with network technologies, which give almost instantaneous access to digitised copyright works, aggravate this situation. While collecting societies may regard the system of exclusive rights which prevails in Europe as a great achievement. Those in the emergent multimedia industry regard this as an obstacle, and are therefore calling for the introduction of compulsory licensing. Currently the Commission does not demand that the collective administration of rights become the rule, but is keen to centralise the administration of individual rights. Collective administration of rights may offer a more streamline approach to rights management, but may also restrict access to information, reinforce dominant positions, and erode the position of copyright law. The scope of implied licenses to copy digital works is at present uncertain, and the situation is not likely to improve with the introduction of collective licensing. Furthermore, the use of technical solutions in rights management tends to overly favour the owner at the expense of the user. This is because such systems enable owners to claim more rights than they are entitled to under copyright law. Collecting societies are not generally keen to make the works they administer available in digital form, and even when they do, digital rights are treated as a separate class of rights for which remuneration is payable. In these ways collective administration of works can both erode copyright law and deform it. If the collective administration of works for use in multimedia is to work, there needs to be a pragmatic treatment of digital data based upon a sound knowledge technical factors and a clearly structured licensing/pricing regime. Technical solutions will only work if a broad notion of fair use is applied, since the Internet could not be used legally even if effective management/payment systems were in place. Enforcement and jurisdiction on the Internet can only be effectively realised at an international level. It is therefore vital to reinforce pertinent Articles of the Berne Convention without also unduly favouring authors and publishers. The main aims of this thesis will be to identify the factors, which inhibit the effective administration of copyright in a digitised networked environment; to assess the role of collecting societies and publishing companies in the administration of copyright in the European Union; and to identify the avenues for convergence of copyright laws regarding different forms of digitised media. In order to achieve these aims there will be a review of copyright law applicable to digitised multimedia products distributed via the Internet, the ways in which infringement of digitised copyright works occur in a networked environment will be identified, and there will be an assessment of Community legislation applicable to multimedia products. Further, the interrelation between Community level legislation and national licensing laws must be identified, the effectiveness of existing institutions that administrate the licensing of multimedia products will be evaluated, and the collective solutions to the problems associated with the licensing of digitised multimedia products distributed in a networked environment will be identified.
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Edgett, Scott J. "The development of new services. New product development practices in the financial services industry: A model of successful determinants for NPD". Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3790.
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The combined environmental effects of technological
change, increasing competition, new legislation and
increasingly demanding consumers have created pressure
within the financial services industry for change. One
outcome has been a proliferation of new products in the
marketplace. This research explores new product
development within one subset of this industry -- building
societies.
By combining the new product development, service
marketing and financial services literature, a foundation
has been developed for an empirical study into the
development practices and the characteristics of successful
and unsuccessful new products. The determinants of success
and failure for new product development have been examined
utilizing a comparative methodology, and subsequently a
discriminant model has been developed that successfully
classifies successful and unsuccessful new products.
By determining how new products are actually
developed, the findings support previous claims that
intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity and
perishability do have an effect on the development process.
Further, the level of sophistication of the development
activities is lower than in previously reported research.
Notable variations from the development process for
tangible new products are the inclusion of system design,
system testing and personnel training stages. The majority
of societies have been found to lack strategic integration
of the development process, to apply different measures of
success and to prefer qualitative market research
techniques over quantitative approaches. As well,
considerable variation exists in the organizational
approaches used to manage the process, although
organizational related variables were found to have a
strong impact upon the predictability of a successful
outcome for a new product.
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Edgett, Scott John. "The development of new services : new product development practices in the financial services industry : a model of successful determinants for NPD". Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3790.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The combined environmental effects of technological change, increasing competition, new legislation and increasingly demanding consumers have created pressure within the financial services industry for change. One outcome has been a proliferation of new products in the marketplace. This research explores new product development within one subset of this industry -- building societies. By combining the new product development, service marketing and financial services literature, a foundation has been developed for an empirical study into the development practices and the characteristics of successful and unsuccessful new products. The determinants of success and failure for new product development have been examined utilizing a comparative methodology, and subsequently a discriminant model has been developed that successfully classifies successful and unsuccessful new products. By determining how new products are actually developed, the findings support previous claims that intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity and perishability do have an effect on the development process. Further, the level of sophistication of the development activities is lower than in previously reported research. Notable variations from the development process for tangible new products are the inclusion of system design, system testing and personnel training stages. The majority of societies have been found to lack strategic integration of the development process, to apply different measures of success and to prefer qualitative market research techniques over quantitative approaches. As well, considerable variation exists in the organizational approaches used to manage the process, although organizational related variables were found to have a strong impact upon the predictability of a successful outcome for a new product.
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Yoo, Julie Keunhee. "What makes personalized medicine work? : an empirical analysis of the role of product attributes, medical professional societies and patient groups in the diffusion of four breast cancer genetic tests". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54595.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-73).
Personalized medicine is the science and practice of customizing medical screening and treatment plans for an individual based on his or her genomic profile. Breast cancer is one of the first disease areas to serve as an example of this approach, where most patients have experienced its benefits through the use of genetic tests that provide decision support for health care workers regarding the likely effectiveness of specific drugs and, more broadly, the urgency of particular treatment options (for example, chemoprevention versus prophylactic surgery). Little is known about the diffusion of such personalized approaches to medical practice, particularly the factors shaping the adoption of genetic tests. While numerous medical diffusion studies have been published over the past few decades, most were univariate analyses and did not consider the unique aspects of genetic testing versus drugs. Moreover, they mainly focused on the characteristics and behaviors of physicians, patients, product manufacturers, and social networks, and did not explore the role of potentially important third parties like professional medical societies and patient groups (e.g. disease foundations and patient advocacy organizations). The aim of this thesis was to analyze the relationship between seven attributes of four breast cancer genetic tests and clinical adoption to show that standard diffusion frameworks can be enhanced through previously unstudied dimensions when evaluating personalized medicine-related innovations.
(cont.) We identified four variables that correlated with clinical adoption: 1) regulatory status, 2) inclusion in practice guidelines by professional societies, 3) explicit endorsement by patient groups, and 4) implicit endorsement by patient groups. Our findings indicate that a key overlooked element in the current literature (and potentially overlooked by the firms creating these tests) is the role of patient groups in the diffusion of novel genetic tests, in addition to endorsement from medical professional societies. These findings may add value to strategic decisions made by company executives, investors, payers, health care providers, and patients as they are presented with novel products and development opportunities in the era of personalized medicine.
by Julie Keunhee Yoo.
S.M.
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Sccott, Carla Rosane da Costa. "UMA SISTEMÁTICA DE GESTÃO E CONTROLE INTERNO PARA COOPERATIVAS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8302.
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Significant changes in market behavior arouse the need to adopt new processes and
management tools in order to make organizations more competitive and sustainable. Tálamo
and Carvalho (2004) to denote the creation of a new economic order based on the structuring
of different ways regarding the management and organizational control. In this perspective
Pinheiro and Silva (2010, p. 3) indicate that the cooperative has evolved and conquered their
own space, defined by a new way of thinking man's labor and social development . Thus, the
overall goal of this work is to identify and analyze the system management tools and internal
control of a cooperative in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, proposing a theoretical model
applicable to that type of organization . In order to provide the framework for knowledge
needed to develop this work, we took the theoretical model of cooperative management
proposed by Oliveira (2006). Associated with the management, we investigated the internal
control procedures, defined by Crepaldi (2007). The methodological contribution this study
was a qualitative study, based on field research procedures, descriptive and exploratory. The
method was case study allowed investigation of deep theoretical and its practical applicability
in the context of a cooperative. The techniques were adopted methodological collection,
analysis and organization of data. To obtain answers regarding the issue were used interviews,
questionnaires, document analysis and direct observation. Primarily for the analysis of the
results were taken as some techniques: classification, categorization, tabulation, statistical
quantitative percentage and essentially content analysis. Finally, based on this detailed
account of the results, on the model of cooperative management and internal control tools
practiced by Cooperative, concluded categorically that the methods, routines, procedures,
activities, as well as all organizational assembly caters largely to the theoretical model
proposed by Oliveira (2006) and, to a lesser degree, related to a medium degree, the model
Crepaldi (2007) as being necessary and crucial for organizations embedded in dynamic and
competitive markets, aiming at sustainability of its business in all fields. This all gave
effective conditions so that one could propose a theoretical model applicable to cooperative
that included the cooperative doctrine, organizational management and internal control.As mudanças significativas no comportamento do mercado despertam a necessidade da adoção de novos processos e ferramentas de gestão de modo a tornar as organizações mais competitivas e sustentáveis. Tálamo e Carvalho (2004) denotam para a criação de uma nova ordem econômica, com base na estruturação de formas diferenciadas quanto à gestão e controle organizacional. Nessa perspectiva Pinheiro e Silva (2010, p. 3) assinalam que o cooperativismo evoluiu e conquistou um espaço próprio, definido por uma nova forma de pensar do homem, do trabalho e do desenvolvimento social . Dessa forma, o objetivo geral desse trabalho é identificar e analisar o sistema de gestão e as ferramentas de controle interno de uma cooperativa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, propondo um modelo teórico aplicável a esse tipo de organização . Com o intuito de oferecer o arcabouço de conhecimentos necessários para o desenvolvimento desse trabalho, tomou-se como referencial teórico o modelo de gestão de cooperativas proposto por Oliveira (2006). Associado à gestão foram investigados os procedimentos de controle interno, definidos por Crepaldi (2007). Em termos metodológicos esse trabalho teve como aporte uma pesquisa qualitativa, apoiada em procedimentos de pesquisa de campo, descritiva e exploratória. O método foi estudo de caso que permitiu a investigação profunda dos aspectos teóricos e sua aplicabilidade no contexto prático de uma cooperativa. As técnicas metodológicas adotadas foram coleta, análise e organização dos dados. Para obtenção das respostas relativas ao problema foram utilizadas entrevistas, questionários, análise documental e observação direta. Essencialmente para a análise dos resultados foram adotadas algumas técnicas como: classificação, categorização, tabulação, estatística quantitativa percentual e, essencialmente, análise de conteúdo. Por fim, com base nesse relato pormenorizado dos resultados, acerca do modelo de gestão da cooperativa e das ferramentas de controle interno praticadas pela Cooperativa, concluiu-se, categoricamente que as metodologias, as rotinas, os procedimentos, as atividades, bem como todo o conjunto organizacional atende em grande parte ao modelo teórico proposto por Oliveira (2006) e, em grau menor, ou seja, referente a um grau médio, ao modelo de Crepaldi (2007), como sendo necessários e de fundamental importância para as organizações inseridas em mercados dinâmicos e competitivos, com vistas à sustentabilidade de seus negócios em todos os campos de atuação. Isso tudo deu condições efetivas para que se pudesse propor um modelo teórico aplicável à cooperativa que contemplou a doutrina cooperativa, gestão organizacional e controle interno.
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Marcis, Jaqueline. "Proposta de modelo de avaliação do desempenho em sustentabilidade das operações de cooperativas agropecuárias". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2428.
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CAPES; Fundação AraucáriaA crescente necessidade de pesquisas empíricas e teóricas em relação à avaliação de desempenho em sustentabilidade das operações de cooperativas agropecuárias, além da necessidade de equilíbrio econômico, social e ambiental no planejamento e gerenciamento estratégico das operações de cooperativas agropecuárias, conduz ao objetivo da pesquisa de desenvolver um modelo de avaliação de desempenho em sustentabilidade das operações de cooperativas agropecuárias. Para atender ao objetivo proposto, foi realizado um levantamento sistemático da literatura científica sobre modelos de avaliação em sustentabilidade das operações de cooperativas agropecuárias, que possibilitou identificar as características e funcionalidades dos modelos existentes e construir um mapa conceitual de indicadores e princípios mais utilizados. Para refinar e sistematizar esse conjunto de princípios orientadores universais aplicáveis para a temática, especialistas foram entrevistados e delimitaram o escopo da avaliação, bem como identificaram medidas de desempenho das operações sustentáveis para as operações de cooperativas agropecuárias o qual foi nomeado Sustainability Assessment for Agriculture Cooperatives (SAAC). Por meio de estudos de casos múltiplos usando uma metodologia comum com entrevistas, observações e análise documental foi refinado e testado o modelo SAAC. Verificou-se que os indicadores utilizados no modelo proposto estão adequados à realidade das práticas de sustentabilidade nas operações de cooperativas agropecuárias e na formulação de suas estratégias. O modelo se mostrou factível, de relativo fácil uso e útil, e pode ser à base de avaliação de desempenho sustentável das operações de cooperativas agropecuárias e fonte para elaboração e desenvolvimento de políticas sobre desenvolvimento sustentável nas cooperativas agropecuárias, melhorando sua gestão estratégica. Assim, a pesquisa contribui tanto na evolução teórica e empírica para a temática, como para as cooperativas agropecuárias, proporcionando uma base auxiliadora para iniciar um processo de avaliação de desempenho sustentável nas cooperativas agropecuárias ou retroalimentar um já existente; já para a sociedade, oportuniza a verificação de ações sustentáveis realizadas pelo setor; e para a Engenharia de Produção proporciona o entendimento com relação à temática e disponibiliza o modelo SAAC para auxilio na gestão estratégica de operações das cooperativas agropecuárias.
The growing demand for empirical and theoretical research in relation to the evaluation of the sustainability in the performance of agricultural cooperatives operations, besides the need for economic, social and environmental balance in the strategic planning and management of agricultural cooperatives operations, leads to the objective of the research to develop a model evaluation of sustainability performance of agricultural cooperatives operations. In order to meet the proposed objective, a systematic survey of the scientific literature on sustainability assessment models of agricultural cooperatives operations was carried out, which enabled the identification of the characteristics and functionalities of the existing models and a conceptual map of the most commonly used indicators and principles. To refine and systematize this set of universal guiding principles applicable to the thematic experts were interviewed and delimited the scope of the evaluation and identified measures of performance of sustainable operations for agricultural cooperative operations which was named Sustainability Assessment for Agriculture Cooperatives (SAAC). And through multiple case studies using a common methodology with interviews, observations and documentary analysis was refined and tested the SAAC model it was verified that the indicators used in the proposed model are adequate to the reality of sustainability practices in the operations of agricultural cooperatives and in formulating their strategies. The model proved to be feasible, relative ease to use and useful and can be based on the evaluation of the sustainable performance of agricultural cooperatives operations and source for the elaboration and development of policies on sustainable development in agricultural cooperatives, improving their strategic management. Thus, the research contributes both to the theoretical and empirical evolution for the theme, as well as to the agricultural cooperatives, providing an auxiliary base to initiate a process of evaluation of sustainable performance in agricultural cooperatives or to feed an existing one; while for society, it facilitates the verification of sustainable actions carried out by the sector; and for Production Engineering provides the understanding regarding the subject and arranges the SAAC model for assistance in the strategic management of operations of agricultural cooperatives.
Książki na temat "Producer societies"
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Izumi, Shimada, red. Craft production in complex societies: Multicraft and producer perspectives. Salt Lake City: The University of Utah Press, 2007.
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Daniel, Abraham. A new model for producer co-operatives in Israel. Saskatoon: Centre for the Study of Co-operatives, Diefenbaker Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 1986.
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Castillo, Libertad Zeballos. Asociatividad y acciones colectivas: Experiencias bolivianas. [Bolivia]: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo Industrial, ONUDI, 2009.
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Sander, Hildegard. Handwerksgenossenschaften im Systemwandel: Zur Transformation der Produktionsgenossenschaften des Handwerks in den neuen Bundesländern. Göttingen: O. Schwartz, 1994.
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Bérard, Johanne. Les Coopératives au Québec, au Canada et dans le monde. [Montréal]: Centre de gestion des coopératives de l'École des hautes études commerciales de Montréal, 1988.
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Ormaechea, José María. La experiencia cooperativa de Mondragón. [Mondragón]: Grupo Cooperativo Mondragón, 1991.
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Bailey, S. E. R. Encouraging democracy in consumer and producer co-ops. Saskatoon: Centre for the Study of Co-operatives, University of Saskatchewan, 1986.
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Zhangjiagang Shi gong xiao he zuo lian she. 沙洲县供销合作社志 (1962年--1986年). Zhangjiagang Shi: Zhangjiagang Shi gong xiao he zuo lian she, 1989.
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Ipari Szövetkezetek Országos Tanácsa. Kongresszus. Az Ipari Szövetkezetek IX. kongresszusának jegyzőkönyve, 1986. október 10-11. [Budapest: s.n., 1987.
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"Weishan Xian gong xiao he zuo she" bian zuan ban gong shi. Weishan Xian gong xiao he zuo she zhi. [Weishan Xian]: [ "Weishan Xian gong xiao he zuo she" bian zuan ban gong shi], 1993.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Producer societies"
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Digby, Margaret. "The Farmers' Societies and the C.W.S." W Producers and Consumers, 83–103. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003389538-6.
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Digby, Margaret. "The Retail Societies and the Farmer". W Producers and Consumers, 122–45. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003389538-8.
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Digby, Margaret. "The Farmers' Societies and the C.W.S.—Continued." W Producers and Consumers, 104–21. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003389538-7.
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Wenzel, Henrik, Michael Hauschild i Leo Alting. "Society’s Environmental Focus". W Environmental Assessment of Products, 17–20. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6367-9_2.
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Grek, Sotiria. "Constructing Consensus by Data". W Palgrave Studies in Science, Knowledge and Policy, 89–122. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46606-9_4.
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AbstractThrough a sociological analysis of the actors that have become central to transnational governance over the last 50 years, the chapter focuses on the processes that influence and steer the production of expert knowledge. The chapter adopts the position that its construction is not ‘organic’—the product of traditional knowledge-making as it became dominant from the Enlightenment onwards—but rather the outcome of complex undertakings that often imbricate a wide variety of actors—both national and international, including decision-makers—and different fields. The chapter builds on the shift from Mode 1 to Mode 2 knowledge production (Gibbons et al. in The new production of knowledge: The dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies. Sage, 1994) in order to document further changes to how expert knowledge is produced today: it argues that, at least in the field of global public policy, we see concerted efforts to produce expert knowledge that focuses equally on technocratic and political accountability and that sees brokerage and consensus-making as the ultimate goals in an increasingly polarised and uncertain post-pandemic world.
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Komiyama, Hiroshi. "“Diffusive Demand” and “Creative Demand—Overcoming Product Saturation with Demand for Innovation”". W Science for Sustainable Societies, 1–12. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54559-0_1.
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Weiss, Fabian. "Embodied Algorithmic Optimization. How Our Bodies are Becoming a Product of Code". W (Dis)Obedience in Digital Societies, 70–101. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839457634-004.
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Obuyes, Alden O., Rayan C. Soriano, Mark Justine P. Vicera, Rock Bryan B. Matias i Cresilda M. Bragas. "Sales Promotion, Advertising and Product Appeal: Effects on Customer Impulsive Buying Behavior". W Emerging Trends in Smart Societies, 1–6. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003489412-1.
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Pit, Sabrina, Anne Livingstone, Adriana Ciacaru, Nele Zgavc i Allison Williams. "International standardisation of products and services for ageing societies 1". W The Age-friendly Lens, 206–30. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003038658-15.
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Yaramreddy, Sruthi, Kyle Knight, Nitin Ram Kona, Nitin Jain, Adriana Salgado i Roman Lukyanenko. "Designing Information as a By-Product". W Tackling Society's Grand Challenges with Design Science, 233–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39294-3_21.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Producer societies"
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Gril, Irena, i Marijan Pogačnik. "Izračun ogljičnega odtisa pri predelavi mleka". W Society’s Challenges for Organizational Opportunities: Conference Proceedings. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2022.20.
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A lower environmental footprint of the final product can be achieved through modern technology in raw material production, processing, storage and transport. In milk production and processing, lower CO2 greenhouse gas emissions can also mean lower production costs. The paper deals with the carbon footprint of organic milk processing in the school dairy workshop of the Biotechnical Centre Naklo and covers the life cycle of dairy products from milk production, processing, packaging and distribution of the products to retail outlets and the use of the product by the consumer. The carbon footprint of full-fat curd produced in the traditional way by draining whey in sacks is calculated. The calculation is based on the material and financial accounting data and the annual business and financial plans and reports of the Institute. The calculation of the carbon footprint is based on the LCA methodology set out in PAS2050. The main contributors to the CO2eq of the product are milk production, plastic packaging, electricity and gas consumption. The total calculated emission for organic full-fat curd packed in 0.5 kg packaging is 7.19 kg CO2eq.
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McIntosh, Mark W., i Bert Bras. "Determining the Value of Remanufacture in an Integrated Manufacturing-Remanufacturing Organization". W ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dfm-5750.
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Abstract In recent years, the concept of reusing products has received significant attention in academia as a means for reducing society’s negative impact on the environment. In fact, due to a number of both economic and environmental advantages to product reuse, some authors have proposed a larger role for reuse within society. In order to achieve an expanded role for product reuse, it will first be necessary to integrate remanufacturing capabilities into original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) such that reuse can be carefully planned by both product and process design. However, the implementation of OEM reuse is currently limited to the few examples that exist today by several barriers. These barriers include the problem of incomplete incentives due to the product disposal externality, the trends in production towards rapid innovation and mass customization, and the fact that remanufacture presents a fundamentally new set of challenges that producers are not prepared to deal with. It is our belief that reuse will not play a larger role in society until producers have both the incentives and ability to implement remanufacture given their business conditions. Providing this capability and these incentives will require a better understanding of how different factors impact remanufacturing operations within an OEM. This understanding can be provided through the improved modeling of remanufacture. In this work, a motivation and an algorithm for modeling how product design characteristics, product development strategies, and different business conditions impact remanufacturing viability is presented. The authors’ implementation of this model is described and the model is used to study a family of single use camera products over an eleven-year period in order to gain insight from a successful OEM remanufacturer.
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Klemenčič, Natalija, i Beno Klemenčič. "Zaznavanje vpliva družbenih omrežij (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok) na nakup posameznih skupin izdelkov in storitev". W Society’s Challenges for Organizational Opportunities: Conference Proceedings. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2022.29.
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In the article we discussed the meaning of online social media in the process of consumer shopping behavior. With the development of the Internet the number of online media has increased and so has the number of their users. In the empirical part we focused on the Slovenian population aged between 15 and 24 years. The aim of this research was to determine the perception of impact of social media Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok on young consumers when purchasing products and services of specific groups. We found that the interviewees most often follow Instagram, YouTube and Facebook. Modern social media mostly influence the purchase of clothes, audio video equipment and computers, products for sport and recreation as well as products for personal care and health. Relating to shopping behavior there are differences in gender. Women are mostly influenced by online media when they purchase clothes, products for personal care and health as well as products for sport and recreation whereas men are mostly influenced by them when they purchase audio video equipment and computers as well as products for sport and recreation. When choosing clothes, the clothes producers' websites and modern social media have the biggest impact on the purchase decision.
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Peicheva, Dobrinka, Valentina Milenkova, Dilyana Keranova, Vladislava Lendzhova i Violeta Nikolova. "Virtuality and Reality. The Digitalization of Societies and the Possible Consequences". W Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2022) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100987.
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The spread of the internet - the brightest symbol of digitalization and the introduction of newer and newer digital tools is turning its back on analog development. The internet has developed into a giant digital network, which has caused comprehensive transformations in the work environment, the created products, the interpersonal contacts, and the competitive relations of the organizations. Their double being and positioning - in the realities of the internet and physical reality brought out an abundance of critical scientific topics - the consequences of mixing realities and spaces, the trust in digital information, the directions of digital and analog developments, the educational effects. Some of the defended ideas are based on a sociological survey conducted by the authors, and others on the analytical rethinking of the prevailing theoretical achievements. The thesis is launched that analog and digital developments should be interconnected.
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Kristianto, Yohanes. "A Two-Stage Stochastic Programming Model for Product Platform Customization of Engineer-To-Order Products". W A Special Workshop of the Stochatic Programming Community and the European Association of Operational Research Societies (EURO) on "Stochastic Programming for Implementation and Advanced Applications". Vilnius, Lithuania: The Association of Lithuanian Serials, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/stoprog.2012.12.
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Sarkar, Prabir, Sudarsan Rachuri, Hyo Won Suh, Kevin Lyons i Ram D. Sriram. "A Measure of Product Sustainability Based on Triple Bottom Line". W ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87047.
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Sustainable societies require the use of sustainable products. Sustainability is generally expressed in terms of Triple Bottom Line (TBL) — people, planet, and profit. Products that are sustainable have positive effects and value for all the stakeholders. In this work, we propose different measures to assess sustainability of manufactured products with respect to TBL. The proposed measures should help designers to assess sustainability of design alternatives during the initial phase of design and point out ways to reduce the impact.
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Cherednichenko, Olga, Oksana Ivashchenko i Maryna Vovk. "Towards Pipeline Construction for Product Matching Task". W Society’s Challenges for Organizational Opportunities: Conference Proceedings. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2022.12.
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Online shopping services are commonplace for people around the world for acquisitions. The product offers on websites are mostly given with some text descriptions and are often accompanied by specification tables. The same product can be found in many different e-shops, but information about the offers of this product can vary greatly on different electronic platforms. The task of product description categorization is not new, but the solution heavily depends on the data set of product descriptions. The pipeline is the scheme of step-by-step data processing. The aim of the paper is to construct the pipeline, for product description categorization, which should be flexible. The pipeline should allow getting access at any step during data processing and modify it by adding new functions, changing activity order, and implementing particular methods. We propose an approach to construct a flexible pipeline for product matching. The case study is given and experimental results are discussed.
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Jevtic, Milica, i Sanja Marinkovic. "Digital Product Innovation Model for News Publishers". W Society’s Challenges for Organizational Opportunities: Conference Proceedings. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2022.28.
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In order to stay competitive in high-pressure environments such as the news media industry, an agile and adaptive approach to product management is needed. We present a model of digital product innovation which allows news publishers to quickly determine the priority of innovations, whether radical or incremental. Careful observation of key performance indicators (KPI) and company resources, resulted in the categorization of key parameters included in the model: innovation type (4), impacted areas/KPIs (14), resources required (6), investment cost (3), who requested the development of the new feature (9), urgency (3), time of realization (9), risk (3) and platforms affected (8). The model was successfully applied in the case of Telegraf.rs, one of Serbia's leading internet news portals.
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Montrose, Mark. "History of the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society (From Creation through the First Five Years)". W 2009 IEEE Conference on the History of Technical Societies. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hts.2009.5337859.
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Sallati, Carolina, i Klaus Schützer. "The Digitalization Principles from a User- Centered Design Perspective: A Conceptual Framework for Smart Product Development". W Entwerfen Entwickeln Erleben - EEE2021. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil Ralph H. Stelzer, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jens Krzywinski, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2021.49.
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The industry relies on interdisciplinarity to promote advancements. The diverse engineering domains, information technologies, management and social sciences are combined in the industrial environment and oriented o society’s ever-changing demands. In parallel, the demographic shifts caused by population aging present room for innovation on many fronts, such as in health, technology, industry, products, and services, and in the same way in product development processes. In an attempt to tackle such issues, this article discusses how the addressing of the elderly population demands, particularly the demand for smart products, might be supported by the principles of production digitalization. In doing so, it proposes a conceptual framework for the development of smart products for the elderly, sustained by three core pillars: specific product lifecycle stages, Industrie 4.0 requirements for smart product development; and Industrie 4.0 enabling technologies which are integrated by the User-Centered Design philosophy. Their combination into a framework aims at addressing two main points: assist in the translation of elderly real consumers’ expectations and demands into more adequate, appealing products and in creating a transition path for companies who wish to incorporate the principles and technologies of production digitalization in their value chain. Furthermore, the article discusses how this proposal could be validated in the real industrial environment.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Producer societies"
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Ormstrup Vestergård, Louise, i Lars Johan Rustad. Food self-sufficiency in five Nordic island societies. Nordregio, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/pb2022:4.2001-3876.
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Increasing food self-sufficiency means rethinking global supply chains, (re-)adapting to local contexts, and ensuring optimal conditions for selling and buying locally produced food. Increased self-sufficiency and improved local food systems can have positive environmental, social, and economic consequences. However, whether increased self-sufficiency adds to more sustainable food systems depends on myriad factors, including production methods, the type of food in question, and the availability of local food on the local market. Previous research shows that local food production does not automatically equate to sustainable food production. This project sought to increase knowledge of how greater food self-sufficiency can contribute to increased sustainability and resilience in the food systems of five Nordic island societies: Bornholm, the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, and Åland.
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Devereux, Stephen, Gareth Haysom, Renato Maluf i Patta Scott-Villiers. Challenging the Normalisation of Hunger in Highly Unequal Societies. Institute of Development Studies, grudzień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.086.
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This paper starts from an empirical observation that levels of hunger or food insecurity in middle-income and high-income countries are often higher than might be expected, and in some cases are rising rather than falling in recent years. We document levels and trends in selected food security indicators for three case study countries: Brazil, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. We argue that, given the availability of resources and state capacity to eradicate hunger in these countries, a process of ‘normalisation’ has occurred, meaning that governments and societies tolerate the persistence of hunger, even when a constitutional and/or legal right to food exists that should make hunger socially, politically, and legally unacceptable. We further argue that one driver of normalisation is the way food (in)security is measured; for instance, the assumption that structural hunger cannot exist in countries that are self-sufficient or surplus producers of food. We suggest that high levels of structural hunger are predictable outcomes in societies characterised by high levels of income and wealth inequality.
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Catley, Andy. Commercialising Pastoralist Livestock Systems in East Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.018.
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Across East Africa’s vast rangelands, pastoralist livestock systems have been commercialising since the early 1900s. Commercialisation has varied widely within and between areas, but now includes substantial livestock exports, regional and cross-border trade, and supply to domestic markets. This policy brief examines some of the key features of pastoralism that affect how commercialisation evolves in pastoralist societies, and why poorer producers often benefit least from new market access. The policy brief draws on a substantial body of research and programme evaluations, and two new APRA research reports on pastoral livestock commercialisation in south-east Ethiopia (Gebresenbet, 2020) and northern Kenya (Roba, 2020).
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Wambua, Joel, Nicholas Owsley i Tom Wein. Participant voice first: The Busara research agenda on ethical research in the Global South. Busara, lipiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62372/nqpf8886.
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Busara is dedicated to advancing and applying behavioral science in the Global South. We recognize the power imbalances in research and aim to improve their approach to be more ethical. To achieve this, we propose to organize and formalize our research agenda on ethics, focusing on the voices of research participants and their societies. We plan to conduct empirical studies to understand the preferences and experiences of participants, co-create and disseminate changes to research processes, and prioritize racial, gender, and social justice in our ethical practices. Our ultimate goal is to produce better quality research that respects the dignity of participants and serves the communities we study.
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Valente Rosa, Maria João. Demographic ageing: the rigidity of conventional metrics and the need for their revision. IPR-NOVA, styczeń 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23906/wp63/2022.
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This article aims to discuss the scope and value of the conventional metrics used to assess and compare levels of ageing between different populations. The age brackets for classifying if the population is ageing or aged are typically based on chronological age and are very close to the stages of the economic tripartite life cycle: the school/education phase; the labour market participation phase; the retirement phase. Those conventional metrics produce distortions in capturing the levels of demographic ageing. If the change in the age structure is rooted in social development, not in a social crisis, having more people in older ages should be related to that. Living longer, on average, does not only mean living more years but also a change in people's social profile, which the usual metrics for measuring ageing do not capture. Because of the central place that demographic ageing occupies in the framework of social, political and scientific reflection on the present and future of societies, Demographic Science should contribute with new metrics reflecting the real social improvements in populations age structures. This reflection supports the need to undertake a critical analysis of the way demographic ageing has usually been presented; stresses the need to advance ageing metrics that match societies' development by considering the life expectancy; and presents a new indicator for measurement demographic ageing that compares what we observe with what we can expect from the age structure at any given mortality level.
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Lopes da Silva, Diego, Nan Tian i Alexandra Marksteiner. Pathways for Reducing Military Spending in Post-civil Conflict Settings. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, styczeń 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/ywho8693.
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High military spending is a common and consequential legacy of civil conflict. Reducing military spending can yield valuable economic gains and further contribute to the recovery of post-civil conflict societies. However, little is known about the conditions that enable military spending reductions in a conflict’s aftermath. This SIPRI Insights on Peace and Security tackles this issue and provides a comparison of post-civil conflict conditions and military burden—military spending as a share of gross domestic product—outcomes. It builds on a comparative analysis of 19 post-civil conflict episodes between 1970 and 2020, as well as three detailed case studies, to identify common pathways to post-civil conflict military burden reductions. This research finds that reductions in military burden usually follow peace agreements that encompass trustworthy and legitimate verification mechanisms, the strengthening of institutional means to resolve grievances, and improvements in relations with neighbouring countries.
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Sladen, W. E., R. J. H. Parker, P. D. Morse, S V Kokelj i S. L. Smith. Geomorphic feature inventory along the Dempster and Inuvik to Tuktoyaktuk highway corridor, Yukon and Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329969.
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Thaw of permafrost and associated ground ice melt can reduce ground stability, modify terrain, and reconfigure drainage patterns affecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and presenting challenges to northern infrastructure and societies. The integrity of ground-based transportation infrastructure is critical to northern communities. Geomorphic features can indicate ground ice presence and thaw susceptibility. This Geological Survey of Canada Open File presents the digital georeferenced database of landforms identified in continuous permafrost terrain using high-resolution satellite imagery. The database is for a 10 km-wide corridor centered on the Dempster and Inuvik-Tuktoyaktuk highways. This 875 km-long transect traverses a variety of geological and physiographic terrain types, including glaciated and non-glaciated terrain, in the northcentral Yukon and northwestern Northwest Territories, where variation in climate, relief, ecology, and disturbance have produced a variety of periglacial conditions. We identified geomorphic features in high-resolution (0.6 m) satellite imagery visualized in 3D, and digitized them in ArcGIS. We used custom Python scripts to populate the attributes for each geomorphic feature. A total of 8746 features were mapped by type and categorized within three main classes: hydrological (n = 1188), mass movement (n = 2435), and periglacial (n = 5123). Features were identified at 1:10 000 and mapped at 1:5000. This report presents the geospatial database in ESRI shapefile, Keyhole Markup Language (KML), and comma-delineated formats.
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Terrón-Caro, María Teresa, Rocio Cárdenas-Rodríguez, Fabiola Ortega-de-Mora, Kassia Aleksic, Sofia Bergano, Patience Biligha, Tiziana Chiappelli i in. Policy Recommendations ebook. Migrations, Gender and Inclusion from an International Perspective. Voices of Immigrant Women, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/rio.20220727_1.
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This publication is the third product of the Erasmus + Project entitled Voices of Immigrant Women (Project Number: 2020-1-ES01-KA203-082364). This product is based on a set of policy recommendations that provides practical guidance on intervention proposals to those with political responsibilities in governance on migration management and policies for integration and social inclusion, as well as to policy makers in the governance of training in Higher Education (University) at all levels. This is intended to promote the development of practical strategies that allow overcoming the obstacles encountered by migrant women during the integration process, favoring the construction of institutions, administrations and, ultimately, more inclusive societies. The content presented in this book proposes recommendations and intervention proposals oriented to practice to: - Improve Higher Education study plans by promoting the training of students as future active protagonists who are aware of social interventions. This will promote equity, diversity and the integration of migrant women. - Strengthen cooperation and creation of networks between academic organizations, the third sector and public administrations that are responsible for promoting the integration and inclusion of migrant women. - Promote dialogue and the exchange of knowledge to, firstly, raise awareness of human mobility and gender in Europe and, secondly, promote the participation and social, labor and civic integration of the migrant population. All this is developed through 4 areas in which this book is articulated. The first area entitled "Migrant women needs and successful integration interventions"; the second area entitled "Promoting University students awareness and civic and social responsibility towards migrant women integration"; the third area entitled "Cooperation between Higher Education institutions and third sector"; the fourth and last area, entitled "Inclusive Higher Education".
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Liaga, Emmaculate Asige. Towards Local Approaches and Inclusive Peacebuilding in South Sudan. RESOLVE Network, październik 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.24.lpbi.
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The post-liberation peacebuilding in South Sudan, which largely drew from liberal peace theory, was employed between 2005 (after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and before the referendum, secession, and independence in 2011) and December 2013 (when it imploded into a civil conflict) and proved insufficient to sustain the fragile peace that briefly existed after the country’s secession from Sudan. After a protracted conflict lasting almost half a decade and the presence of multiple peace actors, the lack of a comprehensive and coordinated peacebuilding strategy proved detrimental. This failure is partly due to poor coordination between stakeholders and lack of local/domestic legitimacy, leading to insufficient peacebuilding and an aggravation of the 2013 conflict. Over the years, liberal peacebuilding strategies, which emphasize formal institution-building and statebuilding in fragile and conflict-affected environments, continue to produce mixed to poor results and fragile peace. This decline has resulted in the shifting of discourses and operations within peacebuilding, a paradigm shift that pays greater attention to localization and the local context in the conceptualization of peacebuilding objectives and strategies. This transformation promotes local ownership and inclusivity in peace processes and their dividends. The dialogue on inclusive peace has thus gained momentum, bearing a need to fully engage both states and societies in this process. The “local” in peacebuilding forms an important resource when solving root causes of conflicts, as in South Sudan, by improving awareness of the cultural and historical diversity in a given context.
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Haider, Huma. Scalability of Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Interventions: Moving Toward Wider Socio-political Change. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), marzec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.080.
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Literature focusing on the aftermath of conflict in the Western Balkans, notes that many people remain focused on stereotypes and prejudices between different ethnic groups stoking fear of a return to conflict. This rapid review examines evidence focussing on various interventions that seek to promote inter-group relations that are greatly elusive in the political realm in the Western Balkan. Socio-political change requires a growing critical mass that sees the merit in progressive and conciliatory ethnic politics and is capable of side-lining divisive ethno-nationalist forces. This review provides an evidence synthesis of pathways through which micro-level, civil-society-based interventions can produce ‘ripple effects’ in society and scale up to affect larger geographic areas and macro-level socio-political outcomes. These interventions help in the provision of alternative platforms for dealing with divisive nationalism in post-conflict societies. There is need to ensure that the different players participating in reconciliation activities are able to scale up and attain broader reach to ensure efficacy and hence enabling them to become ‘multiplier of peace.’ One such way is by providing tools for activism. The involvement of key people and institutions, who are respected and play an important role in the everyday life of communities and participants is an important factor in the design and success of reconciliation initiatives. These include the youth, objective media, and journalists. The transformation of conflict identities through reconciliation-related activities is theorised as leading to the creation of peace constituencies that support non-violent approaches to conflict resolution and sustainable peace The success of reconciliation interventions largely depends on whether it contributes to redefining otherwise antagonistic identities and hostile relationships within a community or society.