Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Procédés de fabrication – Environnement”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Procédés de fabrication – Environnement”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Melo, Walcélio. "Tempo : un environnement de développement logiciel centré procédés de fabrication". Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005134.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoudiba, Mahfoud. "Contribution à la réalisation d'un environnement général pour la simulation statique des procédés". Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132035.
Pełny tekst źródłaNavarrete, Fuentes Paola Jeannette. "Adhésifs naturels à base de tannin, tannin/lignine et lignine/gluten pour la fabrication de panneaux de bois". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10089.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study deals with some researches carried out about the use of various natural materials as a source of raw material for the manufacturing of green adhesives for the industry of panel. In this context, work consisted in:(i) Evaluation of the potential of various tannins coming from barks wastes and development of adhesives containing tannins and various hardeners.(ii) Evaluation of the lignin potential from various origins and development of adhesives containing tannin from mimosa and lignin.(iii) Development of adhesives containing tannin and gluten protein.(iv) Evaluation of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds (VOC) from particleboards manufactures with the natural adhesives previously developed.Thermomechanical analyses, spectroscopy CP-MAS 13C NRM, matrix- assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscometry (MALDI-TOF) and gelling time techniques were performed for evaluation and characterization of these adhesives. Internal bond test for the evaluation of adhesives mechanical resistance according to the standard EN-312 were also carried out.Concerning formaldehyde and other VOC emissions from panels with green adhesives, the recourse to standardized techniques which are gas chromatography associated with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were privileged
Abou, Khalil Bachir. "Méthodologie d'analyses énergétique et exergétique des procédés de transformation de produits dans l'industrie". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005064.
Pełny tekst źródłaFick, Gaël. "Analyse environnementale de l'utilisation de biomasse pour la production de tuyaux en fonte". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0078.
Pełny tekst źródłaHigh CO2 emissions from the industrial production of pig iron pipes are mainly due to the massive use of fossil carbon, coal and coke, as a fuel and/or a reducing agent in the processes. The use of biogenic carbon as a substitute for fossil carbon in order to reduce the CO2 emissions, in the case of an existing plant in Lorraine, was the starting point of our work. Different types of biomass were investigated. Local resources for wood and straw would be sufficient for a partial substitution for 20% of the coke. However, this kind of biomass should first undergo a thermal pretreatment step (drying and pyrolysis) to fit the technical requirements for the metallurgical processes (sinter plant, coke oven and blast furnace). Four scenarios of using biomass in the blast furnace or at the sinter plant were selected. To evaluate their environmental performances, we produced a comparative life cycle assessment, using a cradle-to-gate approach. An original feature of our study lies in the use of systems modeling for the determination of the life cycle inventories of the main processes, which were modeled using a flowsheeting software. From these models, particularly the model of the blast furnace, we could evaluate the replacement ratio of three biomass types (charcoal lumps, charcoal fines and torrefied wood fines) for the coke and predict the influence of biomass injection in the blast furnace on its operation. The results of the life cycle assessment show that the injection of pulverized, torrefied or carbonized, wood through the tuyeres of the blast furnace would be an attracting solution from an environmental point of view. It would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 15%, as well as mitigate the impacts on human health and ecosystems. Yet, the costs associated to such a solution are currently too high
Lacoma, Vincent. "Évaluation environnementale des procédés composites pour l'analyse multicritère des systèmes de production : méthodologies, outils et applications". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0020.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the current context of environmental transition, this thesis aims to participate in the reduction of environmental impacts related manufacturing of composite parts, which has been a growing sector for several years. To this purpose,an environmental assessment methodology dedicated to composite manufacturing processes is fundamental to develop and evaluate strategies forreducing environmental impacts. To be applicable in the industry, these strategies must respect the technical and economic imperatives of companies.To carry out environmental assessments, the standardized Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method can be used. However, the general nature of this approach leaves latitudes on its application which have not been yet the subject of a scientific consensus in the case of composite manufacturing.Thus, our work proposes details for each step of the LCA method to build a model of the environmental impacts of the manufacturing process which depend on its parameters, such as the forming temperatures and the consolidation efforts. A similar approach is also developed for the evaluation of economic indicators based on the same parameters. Finally, multi-criteria decision-making tools are offered to find solutions to the objective of reducing environmental impacts and manufacturing costs while ensuringc ompliance with the technical specifications of the parts produced. In this thesis, the case of thermostamping of polyphenylene sulfide reinforced with carbon fibres (C/PPS) parts is studied to support the construction and presentation of the proposed methodologies
Yosofi, Mazyar. "Méthodologie de caractérisation prédictive des procédés de fabrication additive avec une approche technique, économique et environnementale". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0034/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe United Nations aims to modernize industries in order to make them sustainable and more environmentally friendly by 2030. In order to meet these expectation, it is necessary to put in place ways of improving production processes from an environmental point of view. This approach requires a detailed knowledge of the incoming and outgoing flows during the manufacturing of a product. However, this is not the case for additive manufacturing processes where the environmental impacts generated during this stage are still unknown. For that, a quantitative evaluation of the flows involved during the manufaturing of parts is necessary in order to improve the knowledge of the environmental performance of a process. The work of this thesis focuses on the development of methodology for additive manufacturing processes in order to predict information on the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of a product during the design stage of a part. The methodology developped is increasingly interested in all the sources of consumption as well as all the stages necessary for the manufacturing of a mechanical part.This manuscript is divided into six chapters that can present the general context of the study, the state of the art, the methodology developped, a application of the methodology to additive manufacturing processes and the computer tool developed during this thesis. The last chapter is devoted to the conclusion on the contributions of this work and provides research perspectives
Anselmi, Hélène. "Modélisation et évaluation environnementale d’une unité de captage de CO₂ intégrée à un procédé industriel". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0080.
Pełny tekst źródłaLimiting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is a major global issue, particularly for the energy, chemical and metallurgical industries. To this end, CO2 capture technologies have been developed in recent decades. In this study, we focused on three types of CO2 capture technologies: chemical absorption by MEA, membrane separation and activated carbon adsorption. The CO2 considered is emitted by a coal-fired power station and then directly valorized within a manufacturing process on the same site. The objective of this study was to quantify the environmental benefits of installing a CO2 capture technology in comparison to the current configuration, without CO2 capture. Our approach combined process modeling and life cycle assessment. The methodology adopted was to model the complete system (the power plant, the manufacturing process and the various capture units) using a flowsheeting software (Aspen Plus), then to determine the environmental impacts by LCA. The results show that the MEA chemical adsorption process is strongly penalized by the use of the solvent, both regarding the energy consumption and the environmental impacts. The membrane process exhibits significant environmental impacts, despite a much lower energy consumption, due to the massive use of polymers (membrane materials). Finally, the activated carbon adsorption process has lower environmental impacts than the other two processes in the vast majority of impact categories
Lallier, Martial. "Un environnement d'édition evolué, graphique et syntaxique, pour la conception des systemes repartis". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10284.
Pełny tekst źródłaNavarrete, Fuentes Paola Jeannette. "Adhésifs naturels à base de tannin, tannin/lignine et lignine/gluten pour la fabrication de panneaux de bois". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10089/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study deals with some researches carried out about the use of various natural materials as a source of raw material for the manufacturing of green adhesives for the industry of panel. In this context, work consisted in:(i) Evaluation of the potential of various tannins coming from barks wastes and development of adhesives containing tannins and various hardeners.(ii) Evaluation of the lignin potential from various origins and development of adhesives containing tannin from mimosa and lignin.(iii) Development of adhesives containing tannin and gluten protein.(iv) Evaluation of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds (VOC) from particleboards manufactures with the natural adhesives previously developed.Thermomechanical analyses, spectroscopy CP-MAS 13C NRM, matrix- assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscometry (MALDI-TOF) and gelling time techniques were performed for evaluation and characterization of these adhesives. Internal bond test for the evaluation of adhesives mechanical resistance according to the standard EN-312 were also carried out.Concerning formaldehyde and other VOC emissions from panels with green adhesives, the recourse to standardized techniques which are gas chromatography associated with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were privileged
Renaut, Maxime. "Calcination des déchets industriels : synthèse de ciment et stabilisation/solidification des résidus de combustion". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0203.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince 20th century’s end, our society started to take conscience of environmental protection and sustainable development are required to our future blooming. Directives have obliged public authorities, communities, such as industry to be reacted particularly while being implied in research. The cement-manufacturers are also concerned. The process cement-manufacturer requires large quantities of raw materials. The main objective of the thesis is to value industrial by-products by cementitious materials. Context and problem of wastes were discussed, as well as the possibility of valorization such as the cements. The methodology set up for the thesis and its originality are explained. First, the protocol of characterization of mineral wastes was developed. The results in laboratory are promising for the replacement of limestone and clay in the cement’s raw meal and different formulations. The cookings in laboratory allowed obtaining a cement containing 4 phases of Portland. The synthesis in bigger quantity of a formulation in laboratory highlighted good mechanical performances on mortars at the young age. In a second stage, the best formulations were tested on an industrial scale in the ARF’s kiln. The raw meal, mixed by hoppers agitators, was a success. Finally, immobilization of pollutants in a cement matrix of the residues after combustion, resulting from secondary fuels of ARF, was studied to be able to downgrade the waste stabilized/solidified by grading reduction of the material before stabilization/solidification
Casallas-Gutiérrez, Rubby. "Objets historiques et annotations pour les environnements logiciels". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004982.
Pełny tekst źródłaDurand, Thibaut. "Stratégies analytiques pour la caractérisation physico-chimique des particules ultrafines métalliques. Application aux aérosols ultrafins générés lors de procédés thermiques (fonderie, projection thermique)". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3057/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaExpositions to nanoparticles (NPs) are known in industrial hygiene for a long time. Either from primary or secondary sources (industrial processes), these particles have specific properties which imply different toxicities compared to larger particles (micrometric) from the same material. Therefore NPs study requires adapted sampling and analytical technique development and more specifically methods allowing to access relevant information other than total dust mass. The latter seems not be sufficient for toxic effect assessment. Thus, this work has been conducted in order to dispose of analytical methods dedicated to NPs and especially on size-dependent particle chemical analysis. Then, the developed methods have been applied on samples collected either from industrial sites and/or processes (smelter, thermal projection), either from NP generation bench
Azzi, Rachid. "Environnement de développement de simulateurs pédagogiques de procédés industriels". Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0104.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe efficient operation of production systems shows off the constant personal Training problem. This training is essential because of the prohibitive costs needed to remedy major incidents. Furthermore, the long period of any new operator training, the economic constraints and the real risks when using the production system, make needful the design and the development of pedagogic simulators. Simulation as a training tool allows, via reasonable delays and costs, the improvement of operation procedures mastership, the incident detection and how to react according to security and production criteria. The goal of this report is to propose an environment of developping educational simulators. We have developed a specification tool allowing industrial plant description (structural, functional and behavioural) and a simulation tool for scenario running
Anselmi, Hélène. "Modélisation et évaluation environnementale d’une unité de captage de CO₂ intégrée à un procédé industriel". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0080.
Pełny tekst źródłaLimiting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is a major global issue, particularly for the energy, chemical and metallurgical industries. To this end, CO2 capture technologies have been developed in recent decades. In this study, we focused on three types of CO2 capture technologies: chemical absorption by MEA, membrane separation and activated carbon adsorption. The CO2 considered is emitted by a coal-fired power station and then directly valorized within a manufacturing process on the same site. The objective of this study was to quantify the environmental benefits of installing a CO2 capture technology in comparison to the current configuration, without CO2 capture. Our approach combined process modeling and life cycle assessment. The methodology adopted was to model the complete system (the power plant, the manufacturing process and the various capture units) using a flowsheeting software (Aspen Plus), then to determine the environmental impacts by LCA. The results show that the MEA chemical adsorption process is strongly penalized by the use of the solvent, both regarding the energy consumption and the environmental impacts. The membrane process exhibits significant environmental impacts, despite a much lower energy consumption, due to the massive use of polymers (membrane materials). Finally, the activated carbon adsorption process has lower environmental impacts than the other two processes in the vast majority of impact categories
Bois, Chloe. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844403.
Pełny tekst źródłaBois, Chloé. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENI076/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a context of fossil fuel shortage and hydrocarbon emission reduction, fuel cells are a promising solution for energy production. However, the cost of the energy they produce remains too expensive to be competitive and the conventional manufacturing processes used limit the scaling up of the production. The core of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) is a stack composed of five constituents, in which the proton exchange membrane and the two gas diffusion layers have potential for being can be considered as used a a printing substrates, and the two catalyst layers can be printed by continuous printing processes.This work demonstrated the relevance of the printing process called flexography for manufacturing fuel cell components. It offers allows larger production with low waste of expensive elements. Despite of the poor printability of the both chosen substrates, the achieved catalyst layers printed by flexography reached similar electrochemical properties than those made by conventional processes
Pourtalet, Erik. "Validation de procédés de fabrication : essais de développement". Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P003.
Pełny tekst źródłaLagier-Jaegler, Anicia. "Evaluation des impacts simultanes de la localisation, de l'efficacite et du type de produits fabriques sur les performances environnementales et financieres d'une chaine logistique". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844739.
Pełny tekst źródłaMocellin, Katia. "Stratégies numériques pour la modélisation des procédés de fabrication". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931202.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoudard, Karine. "Développement de nouveaux procédés intervenant dans la fabrication de bougies". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4014.
Pełny tekst źródłaIndustrial manufacturing of candles uses paraffin wax. Today, as many petroleum hydrocarbons, paraffin becomes a resource less and less available. Its production is decreasing while global demand increases. This situation creates tensions on the purchase of this raw material as well as a sharp increase of prices. The objective of this thesis is to improve raw material (paraffin or plant substitutes) integration ways in the three major processes of candle production: pressing, extrusion and filling. For the pressing process, compressibility and compactibility of paraffin powders are studied. A compression device was developed to allow the formation of tablets from powder. The results are modeled and show the influence of the size and the shape of particles on the compression (density increase under pressure) and the compaction (resistance as a function of density) of paraffin powder. Regarding the extrusion process, the goal is to improve the technical knowledge of the process and particularly to work on the relationship between mechanical properties of the raw materials, settings of the process and appearance of the final products. For this purpose, this process was simulated in laboratory. Finally, the filling process is optimized by developing a protocol as well as a formulation enabling the industrial foaming of wax. This project have an ecological positive impact as it reduces needs for fossil resources and the energy required for manufacturing and transportation of candles
Breton, Isabelle. "Investigation des procédés non-traditionnels pour la fabrication de moules". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38038.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaNewby, Pascal. "Implémentation de procédés de fabrication et d'intégration du silicium poreux". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1522.
Pełny tekst źródłaDI, Luzio Stéphane. "Réalisation de dioptres asphériques de grande précision pour des applications dans le domaine visible". Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET4003.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work was done at Thales Angénieux as part of a CIFRE contract. It was about the study of an industrial process of aspherical lens surfaces making for applications in the visible field. Made of glass or calcium fluoride, these lenses will be used in high precision optical systems. This is why they must meet strict form (PV<200 nm) and roughness (rms<3nm) requirements. Their making is complex and cannot use the conventional methods of spherical or plan surfaces making. It is particularly difficult to meet simultaneously the form and roughness requirements even with the latest production techniques. Some measurement instruments which are adapted to each stage were associated to the making means: a profilometer for the measurement of micro-grinded surfaces, an interferometer and a deflectometer for the magneto rheological finishing phase. Among the different possible aspherical surfaces making methods, Thales Angénieux chose to develop an industrial making process which combines two key stages: a micro grinding phase and a magneto-rheological finishing phase. However, it is impossible to produce surfaces which meet the required criteria with the two stages quoted above despite an optimisation of micro grinding parameters. It proved to be necessary to insert a polishing phase named flexible polishing to insure the transition. Moreover, the process of aspherical calcium fluoride lens surfaces making was based on the diamond turning, what was impossible on glass. However, despite different attempts and analysis, we could not obtain a stable process. Thus, the aspherical calcium fluoride lenses were finally made with the same process as the glass lenses. This making process allows on the one hand to produce an aspherical surface with a form PV around 150 nm and a roughness rms between 1 to 2 nm and, on the other hand, proves to be compatible with industrial making requirements
Belhimeur, Abdelmajid. "Contribution à l'étude d'une méthode de conception des automatismes des systémes de conduite des processus industriels". Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10039.
Pełny tekst źródłaBonjour, Jocelyn. "Contributions du Génie Frigorifique et du Génie des Procédés pour un meilleur environnement". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012144.
Pełny tekst źródłaCe document présente tout d'abord quelques initiatives dans le domaine du Génie Frigorifique visant à limiter l'impact environnemental de certaines de ses activités. Il s'agit par exemple d'actions de recherche sur le transfert de chaleur par ébullition, visant à maîtriser les mécanismes régissant ce phénomène et finalement à améliorer les évaporateurs des machines frigorifiques. L'impact de la présence d'huile de lubrification dans les circuits frigorifiques sur les performances des installations est ensuite évoqué, de même que l'effet du choix de fluides zéotropes. Une démarche d'optimisation (minimisation) de la consommation énergétique des compresseurs de machines à ammoniac refroidis par eau est enfin proposée.
Le Génie des Procédés fournit quant à lui des moyens de traitement de polluants de l'air (Composés Organiques Volatils, dioxyde de carbone, ...), entre autres grâce au phénomène d'adsorption, en vue de leur séparation, leur capture, leur concentration et éventuellement leur récupération. On présente ici le développement d'un nouveau procédé TSA (Temperature Swing Adsorption) à chauffage et refroidissement indirects permettant ces opérations.
Ce procédé peut être amélioré en le combinant à d'autres procédés comme la condensation. Les modes d'analyse usuels en Génie Energétique (et notamment ceux du Génie Frigorifique et du Génie Climatique) peuvent constituer une aide pour optimiser une telle chaîne de traitement de l'air. En particulier, on suggère l'utilisation d'un outil original pour l'évaluation de procédés couplés : un diagramme de type psychrométrique pour le couple azote-toluène en présence d'un charbon actif adsorbant.
Laaroussi, Awatef. "Fabrication de biocathodes flexibles pour biopiles enzymatiques implantables par procédés d’impression". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI014/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaEnzymatic Biofuel Cells, capable of converting efficiently the glucose from extracellular fluid into electrical energy, are a power source for implantable devices. However, the power output generated by these cells is not sufficient to fulfill the energy required by implantable artificial organs. Therefore, a new packaging architecture design based on flexible materials derived from printing technologies has been explored in order to enhance the power output of this cell. This work demonstrates the relevance of printing processes such as ultrasonic spray and gravure to develop homogeneous, thin and flexible biocathodes. During this work, a carbon nanotubes / surfactant suspensions were deposited on a hydrophobic flexible substrate (carbon paper). Despite the poor printability of the substrate, flexible active layers were obtained (thickness between 5 and 10 µm). Finally, a non-covalent immobilization of laccases (via adamantane pyrene) was tested and a catalytic current of approximately 130 µA.cm-2 was obtained. mA.cm-2 was obtained
Cadiou, Stephen. "Modélisation magnéto-thermohydraulique de procédés de fabrication additive arc-fil (WAAM)". Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS544.
Pełny tekst źródłaOne of the obstacles to the development of additive manufacturing processes is the quality of the built parts. Some defects, such as porosity, deformations or cracks, may appear. These defects depend strongly on the choice of operating parameters. Numerical modelling can therefore help to understand how these operating parameters control the final geometry, and the thermal cycles experienced by the material, which impact the microstructure, the deformations and residual stresses of the final part. In this thesis, several numerical models have been developped in order to better understand the final characteristics of the part. The first one concerns a 2D axial-symmetric model of arc to deal with a static TIG process. The Maxwell equations coupled with the mass, momentum, energy equations are solved in the plasma and the melt pool. Using this reference case, the arc model has been validated. This model has been made more complex by adding a level set method to track the gas-liquid interface present in pulsed MIG process in 2D axial-symmetric geometry. This model has been validated through experimental data and then extended to a 3D geometry to simulate the build-up of a wall using a CMT process. This multiphysics model was limited to the scale of the melt pool. A second 3D model was then proposed at the scale of the wall using a purely thermal model to simulate the multi-layer process with geometry prediction
Belhadj, Ahmed. "Procédés de fabrication, microstructure et propriétés supraconductrices des alliages Nb-Ti". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-265.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaIssa, Mazen. "Modélisation et simulation numérique des procédés de fabrication sous conditions extrêmes". Troyes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TROY0004.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis proposes a methodology for numerical modelling and numerical optimization of high speed manufacturing processes. This numerical methodology is based on a thermo-elasto-visco-plastic model with mixed hardening (kinematic and isotropic) and different levels of coupling effects of damage and thermal softening. For this study, we investigated the sensitivity of coulomb friction coefficient on the thermomechanical behaviour. A dynamic explicit resolution scheme has been chosen to solve the equilibrium problem and an implicit integration scheme is used to solve the local behaviour model. To overcome the mesh distortions problems and simulate the propagation of cracks, a numerical methodology based on steps of remeshing is proposed. Different error estimators are used to adjust the size of the elements according to various thermomechanical gradients (cumulative plastic deformation, damage, plastic dissipation) to enhance the effects of localization and evolution of various shear bands. This methodology is studied and validated on various simple examples and on the case of high speeds industrial process simulation
Doubenskaia, Maria. "Contrôle des procédés industriels hautes températures par voie optique". Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET4019.
Pełny tekst źródłaPyrometers developed and manufactured for precise measurements of the brightness temperature under specific conditions of laser action, in combination with the modern methods of reconstitution of the true temperature, are effective instruments for analysing thermal processes in laser applications. Development of a pyrometry system for the real surface temperature measurement, for example, during laser action, involves significant methodological difficulties, which are determined by the process parameters : broad temperature range (300-4000° K), high heating and cooling rates (103-106 Ks-1), small size of the heated zone (0. 8-15 mm), influence of the radiation emitted by the evaporation plume (plasma and matter evaporated at the surface), strong variation of the optical and thermal properties of materials, etc. A set of pyrometers was used to monitor the surface temperature in the processes of laser Nd-YAG welding, pulsed laser action, laser cladding, etc. A good quantitative agreement between the theoretical and experimental results for pulsed laser action is obtained. The above mentioned innovations offered a broad range of application possibilities for multichromatic pyrometry in reconstitution of the true temperature in laser applications. Knowledge of the true temperature represents a great interest from the point of view of the phase transition analysis, for example, melting / solidification ; that is crucial in the case of multi-materials alloys to avoid thermal decomposition of the chemical components
Cocquempot, Vincent. "Surveillance des processus industriels complexes : génération et optimisation des relations de redondance analytiques". Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10053.
Pełny tekst źródłaBournez, Carine. "Une architecture multi-agents réflexive pour le contrôle de systèmes de production distribués hétèrogènes". Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAL0040.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn order to control new production organizations composed of autonomous entities, we propose an approach that avoids any structure modeling. Indeed, the study of networked enterprises, particularly from an organizational evolution point of view, shows that dynamic structure is one of their essential in trin sic features. The goal of this work is to define a multi-agent architecture, based on a contract net protocol, for distributed dynamic production systems control. Using an emergentist methodology in its conception goes against sorne preconceived ideas about agents identification with physical entities of the organization. Our architecture allows to integrate different parts of the distributed system thanks to the contract net protocol. A reflexive agent architecture supplements this system. The meta controls the behaviors of the agents of the network, and also their ability to learn. Learning relies on several partial behaviors acquisitions, thus on synchronization between agents at the metalevel. The mechanism is a case-based learning engine, with XML case representation. The multi-agent contract net and the reflexive architecture have been implemented in a simulation framework called OCEAN. It is written in Java language, over the MadKit multi-agent platform. It allows to develop simulations from relatively little refined data about production system entities. For this purpose, we propose a simulation methodology using this framework
Zimmer, Sandra. "Contribution a l’industrialisation du soudage par friction malaxage". Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENAM0035.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process which avoids some problems encountered by fusion welding, like hot cracking or solidification defects. The welding is performed by a rotating tool, inserted into the interface of two rigidly clamped workpieces. The required heat energy is provided by the friction between this tool and the workpieces. The combined tool rotation and translation create the material stirring, joining the workpieces together. The resulting efforts at the interface must be support by the machine and the part-holding device. They are thus a major issue for the choice of the welding equipments. This thesis work consists in implementing a method to qualify means of production for FSW process, by identifying the suitable part of the process windows. This method is threefold. The first point is the identification of the characteristic parameters of FSW process. These one are taken into account in specifications for the choice or the design of a means of production for FSW. The second point of the method is the experimental characterization of the process windows. The mechanical actions on the tool were associated with each combination of the operating parameters of the process windows. This experimental study highlighted the effect of driving parameters on the efforts at the tool/product interface. Lastly, the last point of the method is the validation of the selected means of production for FSW, thanks to the collected experimental data sets. These mean of production is modelled in order to check the capacities of the device, the pin and the parts holder used to carry out the operation of welding. The method of qualification was implemented in the case of multi-axis robot (6 axis). This “low rigid” and “low capacity” structure is very sensitive to the mechanical actions of FSW. The choice of the welding operating parameters leans on the process windows and the limits of the robot, which have been experimentally determined for the plunging and welding stages. It is necessary, for this kind of structure, to qualify its ability to carry out a FSW welding, because its capacities strongly depend on the position of the tool within the workspace
Soho, Komi Dodzi Badji. "Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, two coupling methods are proposed for the multiscale simulation of forming processes. In the first part, a simplified procedure (indirect coupling) is adopted to couple the finite element codes (Abaqus and LAM3) with a polycrystalline selfconsistent model based on the large strain elastoplastic behavior of single crystals. This simplified procedure consists in linking the polycrystalline model with the FE analysis by extracting the history of the increment of macroscopic strain and stress, obtained from a preliminary FE simulation with a phenomenological law, and then using it as loading path prescribed to the polycrystalline model. This method is applied to multiscale simulation of skin-pass processes. By following on the loading path extracted at the halfthickness of the sheet, we can predict the evolution of some physical parameters associated with the plasticity model, in particular the crystallographic texture, the morphological texture and hardening. In the second part on this thesis, a small strain version of the elastoplastic polycristalline self-consistent model is coupled to the Abaqus FE code via the user material subroutine UMAT. This coupling (called direct coupling) consists in using crystal plasticity theory as constitutive law at each integration point of the FE mesh. The polycristal is represented by a set of N single crystals. Each time the FE code needs information on the mechanical behavior at the integration points considered, the full polycrystalline constitutive model is called. In order to validate this coupling, simulations of simple mechanical tests have been conducted. The results of this coupling have been validated through comparison with reference models. Unlike phenomenological models, this coupling provides not only information on the overall macroscopic response of the structure, but also important information related to its microstructure
Zaman, Uzair khaleeq uz. "Intégration Produit-Process appliquée à la sélection de procédés de Fabrication Additive". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0006/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe doctoral research focuses to build an integrated approach that can simultaneously handle the product and process parameters related to additive manufacturing (AM). Since, market dynamics of today are constantly evolving, drivers such as mass customization strategies, shorter product development cycles, a large pool of materials to choose from, abundant manufacturing processes, etc., have made it essential to choose the right compromise of materials, manufacturing processes and associated machines in early stages of design considering the Design for AM guidelines. As several criteria, material attributes and process functionality requirements are involved for decision making in the industries, the thesis introduces a generic decision methodology, based on multi-criteria decision-making tools, that can not only provide a set of compromised AM materials, processes and machines but will also act as a guideline for designers to achieve a strong foothold in the AM industry by providing practical solutions containing design oriented and feasible material-machine combinations from a database of 38 renowned AM vendors in the world today
Zhang, Ying. "Maîtrise statistique des procédés avec paramètres estimés". Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDN0018.
Pełny tekst źródłaStatistical Process Control (SPC) is an effective approach for improving quality and productivity of aproduction process. Among the SPC tools, control chart, as themost important and primary tool, has been widely used to monitor and determine whether a production process is in-control or not. An indispensable assumption for the development of control charts is that the process parameters (the in-control mean and standard-deviation) are assumed known. In practice, the distribution of the data and the process parameters are rarely known, and the process parameters are usually estimated from an in-control historical data set (Phase I). When these parameters are estimated, the performance of the control charts differs from the known parameters case. Recently, some authors have studied the impact of the parameters estimation, but more work is needed. In this thesis, we will investigate the properties (in terms of theRun Length) of some control charts for the mean inthe case of estimated parameters,which have not been researched till now, such as Run Rules Chart, Synthetic Chart, VSI Chart and VSS Chart. The first goal of this thesis is to evaluate the performance of these control charts when the process parameters are estimated, to compare them with the case when the process parameters are assumed known and to demonstrate that the performance is quite different especially when the number of samples used during the Phase I is small. The second goal of this thesis is to suggest the sample sizes and to provide new optimal chart constants for calculating the limits of these control charts in the case of estimated parameters, which are very useful in practice
Decock, Jérémy. "Approches micro/milli-fluidiques pour l'étude in situ de procédés de filtration frontale". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0788.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work deals with the technological development of miniaturized micro- (10 µm) and milli- (1 mm) fluidic tools for in-situ investigations of frontal filtration processes, in collaboration with Solvay. The tools that we developed, make it possible to monitor visually the formation of the filter cake, operating at constant-pressure or constant-flow rate filtration, on various colloidal suspensions, and up to trans-membrane pressures of 7 bars.We performed a millifluidic study of the filtration of industrial silica colloidal dispersions (Solvay, Silica), and we evidenced the growth of compressible cakes. We correlated these data to the pressure signals obtained at imposed flow rates. The comparison with theoretical predictions given by the classical laws of cake filtration theory, shows that such conventional models cannot reproduce the observed behaviors.The second part of this thesis reports the development of high pressure-resistive (several bars) microfluidic tools integrating nano-porous hydrogel-based membranes. These membranes are fabricated in situ by photo-polymerization of aqueous formulations containing PEG-diacrylates and porogen agents. We reported precise characterizations of their permeability in function of several parameters (formulation, exposure time, geometry). The same membranes were used to monitor frontal filtration of nanoparticles at the microfluidic scale, and thus to quantitatively estimate the permeability of the formed cakes
Fick, Gaël. "Analyse environnementale de l'utilisation de biomasse pour la production de tuyaux en fonte". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0078/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaHigh CO2 emissions from the industrial production of pig iron pipes are mainly due to the massive use of fossil carbon, coal and coke, as a fuel and/or a reducing agent in the processes. The use of biogenic carbon as a substitute for fossil carbon in order to reduce the CO2 emissions, in the case of an existing plant in Lorraine, was the starting point of our work. Different types of biomass were investigated. Local resources for wood and straw would be sufficient for a partial substitution for 20% of the coke. However, this kind of biomass should first undergo a thermal pretreatment step (drying and pyrolysis) to fit the technical requirements for the metallurgical processes (sinter plant, coke oven and blast furnace). Four scenarios of using biomass in the blast furnace or at the sinter plant were selected. To evaluate their environmental performances, we produced a comparative life cycle assessment, using a cradle-to-gate approach. An original feature of our study lies in the use of systems modeling for the determination of the life cycle inventories of the main processes, which were modeled using a flowsheeting software. From these models, particularly the model of the blast furnace, we could evaluate the replacement ratio of three biomass types (charcoal lumps, charcoal fines and torrefied wood fines) for the coke and predict the influence of biomass injection in the blast furnace on its operation. The results of the life cycle assessment show that the injection of pulverized, torrefied or carbonized, wood through the tuyeres of the blast furnace would be an attracting solution from an environmental point of view. It would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 15%, as well as mitigate the impacts on human health and ecosystems. Yet, the costs associated to such a solution are currently too high
Legha, Ahmad. "Transfert de tolérances géométriques en fabrication : validation de modèles". Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS038.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a first part, a presentation of the models of transfer of dimensions and tolerances of Design Office (DO) and manufacture are treated. In a second phase, the problems of transfer of tolerances in manufacture in 3D are treated with a new method being based on graphic tools such as the graphs of manufacture and the variations fields. This work is validated numerically by an example presented in a third part. Lastly, a statistical analysis of the measurements obtained on the series of parts carried out made it possible on the one hand to validate assumptions of composition of statistical laws of distribution, and to check on the other hand, the degree of correlation between the measured components of variation. The tools developed during this PHD, thus allow, treating the phase of industrialization of a product in 3D since the design drawing till the validation of the range of machining
Kaba, Badara Ali. "Des mécanismes pour l'évolution des procédés de développement de logiciels". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL071N.
Pełny tekst źródłaMonteil, Mélodie. "Comportement vibratoire du steelpan : effet des procédés de fabrication et dynamique non linéaire". Phd thesis, Palaiseau, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00913650.
Pełny tekst źródłaMespiedre, Florence. "Les lipogélosomes (LGS). Formulation et procédés de préparation. Etude d'une cinétique de fabrication". Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30041.
Pełny tekst źródłaLipogelosomes® (LGS) are simple lamelar liposomes whose in aqueous volume are composed of a blend of semi-solid hermoreversible gel. The presence of gelling phase confers upon LGS a strong stability mediated by the reduction of the interparticlated fusions, by a weaker mobility and by a decrease of the leak of locked components as well. After establishing a formulation of gellifiants, several methods of production have been defined by granulometrical and rheological levels during a time dependance of fabrication. The results demonstrate that in the solution takes place an unremitting process of desaggregation-reaggregation of the particles. This fact is confirmed by a physical interpretation enabling to validate the theory according to varies models. Filtering tests have been performed in order to eradicate the gelliferous phase exterior to LGS for further applications. Finally, tests of LGS size have been carried out through incorporating a surfactant after the fabrication period. Photographies of electron microscopy as well as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirm the structure, the size and the behaviour of these particles. This formulation is actually under a developing process on a semi-industrial pilot with a perspective pharmaceutical application
Vaissier, Benjamin. "Modélisation avancée et optimisation polyfonctionnelle des supports pour les procédés de fabrication additive". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0063.
Pełny tekst źródłaThough Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are enabling the production of intricate parts difficult or even impossible to obtain through the use of traditional processes, some fabrication constraints must be met. Therefore, in order to solve the material collapsing issues and the geometrical deformation problems inherent to these processes, the addition of support structures is required. The addition of these structures, usually removed during manual post-production steps, are representing a great cost (material usage, time dedicated to their numerical generation, production and removal). Their optimization is thus essential to ensure the conformity of the fabricated geometry regarding the dimensional requirements, but also to reduce the overall cost of the final part. After a specific analysis of the various functions associated with support structures in AM, four main research axis have been identified and addressed in this thesis: (i) a genetic algorithm based optimization has first been studied to sustain overhang areas through the use of tree-like structures, (ii) a model estimating the deformations resulting from fabrication have been designed in order to generate stiffening structures with evolving thicknesses, (iii) a parametrization framework of lattice structures have been proposed to dissipate the energy accumulated in heat confining regions of the part, and finally (iv) the development of an encoding strategy exploiting the repetition patterns existing in the support structures have permitted to reduce the size of their definition files in order to fluidify their manipulation and treatment throughout the AM production process
Kovaleva, Irina. "Simulation numérique des procédés de fabrication additive: projection laser et fusion laser sélective". Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs (Saint-Etienne), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENISE031.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work is devoted to development of mathematical modeling methods of laser interaction with materials and porous media, used in the additive technologies for the production of volume products. The process of laser cladding suffers from faults and defects of parts and coatings obtained such as cracks, exudations, residual stresses and etc. Currently, the general theory of this process does not exist. A large number of parameters affect the laser cladding such as laser parameters (power, beam diameter, scanning speed, etc. ), parameters of powder and gas flow. Therefore, experimental investigations of optimum technological modes become the complex problem. The relevance of this work is the need to perform calculations and predictions of rational modes of laser treatment, due to the increasing quality requirements of manufactured parts and technological processes optimization. We investigated in details the parameters of the gas stream and the powder for different coaxial nozzles. The parameters of powder jet essentially depends on the geometrical configuration and the size of output nozzle channels and also the composition of the powder, its dispersion and features of particles interaction with the walls of nozzle. We developed a physical-mathematical model of acceleration of powder particles in the light field of a permanent laser radiation in the conditions of laser cladding owing to the force caused by the reaction of the material–vapor recoil from the beamed part of the particle. We proposed a calculation method of random packing of polydisperse spherical particles which allows, taking into account the weight force and adhesive force between the particles in contact, to obtain the internal structure of loose powder layer close to the real. Discrete model is developed to describe the processes of heat and mass transfer in loose powder layer, which is applicable in the conditions of local laser irradiation in selective laser melting and selective laser sintering. Physico-mathematical models proposed in this work and results of calculations are new and have a practical relevance. The reliability of spent researches is consistent qualitatively with experimental data
He, Zhenglei. "Modélisation et optimisation des procédés de fabrication textile à l'aide des techniques intelligentes". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I061.
Pełny tekst źródłaTextile manufacturing plays an important role in the world economy. While the globally increasing competition is stressing the textile companies to promote the manufacturing flexibility, as a trend of intelligent manufacturing in Industry 4.0, the future development of the textile manufacturing process will increasingly rely on shorter cycle and higher quality. However, the complicated intricate relationship between the large-scale parameter variables from a variety of textile processes makes it seem incredibly difficult. In order to overcome these issues, intelligent techniques are employed in this thesis to promote textile manufacturing from the process modeling and optimization.In this Ph.D. research, a thorough investigation and literature review regarding the previous studies on modeling and optimization of the textile manufacturing process using intelligent techniques. A series of the summarizations were determined in pros and cons, which provided a theoretical foundation and research direction for the subsequent studies. Three sub-studies thus were developed: A specific case study on textile ozonation process modeling using extreme learning machine (ELM), support vector regression (SVR) and random forest (RF) was developed, where the SVR models and RF models were found that both can well address the uncertain interrelationships of variables in the textile process modeling with less training data, but their requirement on training time is different. On the basis of the established RF models, a novel multi-criteria decision support system was then developed for textile optimization with the collaboration of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the Deep Q-networks (DQN) algorithm, where the textile process is formulated as the Markov decision process (MDP) paradigm, and the application result showed that it can master the challenging decision-making tasks in the textile manufacturing process. To better address the growing complexity in this issue, the application of this developed system is further integrated into a multi-agent system for multi-objective optimization in the textile manufacturing process. The developed systems can optimize the textile process and help companies maintain competence in the trend of intelligent manufacturing in the textile industry
Schab, Frédéric. "Étude comparative des procédés d'électrodialyse et d'électrodéionisation : application à la fabrication d'acide lactique". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL035N/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work deals with the comparative study of electrodialysis and electrodeionization. The possibilities to integrate the electro-membrane processes in the lactic acid fermentive production lines are investigated. Two main research ways are chosen : the first one lies in the continuous extraction of natrium lactate out of the fermentation middle. For this, an electrodialysis stack of only anionic membranes is coupled with the fermenter : approximately 95 % of lactate are removed during the operation. By comparison with a standard fermentation in batch mode, no inhibition is observed, and the productivity is increased by 13. The second way is to convert the natrium lactate in lactic acid : a high purity rate is seeked. A continuous electrodeioniation process including bipolar membranes, leading to 99,9% conversion rate, is elaborated for the treatment of diluted solutions. Finally is presented the mathematic calculation of an electrodeionization compartment : experimental points and calculated values are very similar
Rammal, Rim. "Conception de Composants Microondes Innovants basés sur de Nouveaux Procédés Technologiques de Fabrication". Limoges, 2014. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/c41c2fd1-8953-4bff-b464-be12c3d6ef4a/blobholder:0/2014LIMO4014.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is devoted to the characterization of an innovative inkjet printing technology for the fabrication of multilayer and multi-material structures. We will use this technology to create printed single and multilayer interdigitated filters. The multilayer aspects open the way to work on tunable structures that could be the same type as the interdigitated multilayer filter. The first chapter consists of a literature study on multilayer technologies and in particular the inkjet printing technology. In the second chapter, we tested this technology by printing 2-D patterns with –made with a silver ink in order to establish different design rules to be applied for the creation of RF components. A multilayer printing approach (silver and ceramic inks) is validated after a development of the ceramic-based ink developed with the Heraeus 51K65 dielectric material which can be fired at low temperature (800°C). The third section presents a multilayer filter fabricated by this technology in order to achieve footprint reduction compared to a silver monolayer interdigitated filter. The fourth chapter presents a simple planar system to easily retrieve an equivalent model of a varactor (Rs and Cj) to serve as a component of frequency tuning. Different examples of tunable resonators using such varactor are finally presented
Dindeleux, Régis. "Propilot : une contribution à la modélisation des processus industriels". Chambéry, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CHAMS029.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarratte, Christine. "Modélisation de l'influence d'une toile sur la formation et l'imprimabilité d'une feuille de papier". Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0067.
Pełny tekst źródła