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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Prejudices”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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1

Denney, Horace Ted. "Relationships between Religion and Prejudice: Implicit and Explicit Measures". unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05082008-084723/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. Eric Vanman, committee chair; Tricia Z. King, Tracie L. Stewart, committee members. Electronic text (49 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed on July 14, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-44).

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Hillis, Michael Robert. "The development of a free association technique for measuring prejudice /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7918.

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Ratcliff, Jennifer J. "Consequences of prejudice-related discrepancies : compunction alters the perception of ongoing behavior /". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103230416.

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Ryan, John Patrick. "Thinking, Feeling and Discriminating: The Role of Prejudice as a Mediator between Stereotypes and Discrimination". unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07212006-164828/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Eric Vanman, committee chair; David Washburn, Tracie Stewart, committee members. Electronic text (64 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 13, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 32-43).

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5

Wu, Hsiang-mei. "Chaucer and prejudices : a critical study of 'The Canterbury Tales'". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/58523/.

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This thesis investigates the prejudices in Geoffrey Chaucer‘s The Canterbury Tales. There are thirty pilgrims and twenty-two tales in this grand work. As it is unlikely to discuss all of them in one thesis, I focus my research on four pilgrims—the Miller, the Prioress, the Wife of Bath, and the Pardoner—to demonstrate Chaucer‘s prejudices in various aspects. The chapter on the Miller analyzes how men and women interact in sexual terms in the public domains and private spaces, investigating the poet‘s sexual discrimination in his final distribution of punishments for the characters as well as his chauvinistic disregard of the female body and its autonomy; Chaucer‘s punishment is not entirely of 'poetic justice' as it is dispensed at the cost of class victimization and the vilification of the female body. The Prioress‘s chapter discusses the poet‘s prejudices against female religious, exploring how Chaucer is affected by conventional descriptions of courtly ladies and contemporary conception of female religious‘ sexuality when he contradictorily glosses the Prioress as a romantic beauty; Chaucer‘s language prejudice and his innuendo of the Prioress‘s sexual attraction reflect his contempt and mis-evaluation of the Prioress‘s status, social function, and professional abilities. The chapter on the Wife of Bath examines 'The Wife of Bath‘s Prologue' as a manifestation of a medieval woman‘s life education, demonstrating how Alisoun is molded by mercantile marriage transactions, the tradition of misogyny, and the auctoritees‘ ill-meant religious instruction through garbled texts; the Wife‘s deafness does not signify her resistance or inability to understand men‘s 'truth', but an undeserved punishment from her frustrated educators. The Pardoner‘s chapter examines the Pardoner as a feminized and marginalized figure, exhibiting the narrator‘s, the Host‘s, and the Canterbury pilgrims‘ fear and hate of the 'different', the 'perverse', and the non-heterosexual; the Pardoner is treated as 'Other' of the Canterbury group and is brutally 'Othered' by the pilgrims despite his efforts in heterosexual identity and conformity. My study of Chaucer‘s prejudices will naturally extend to the investigations of modern readers‘ prejudices, particularly critics‘ false interpretation of the Miller‘s Alisoun‘s 'escape', denial of the Prioress‘s beauty, misconception of Jankyn‘s violence, and unconscious siding with patriarchy in the 'Othering' of the Pardoner, among others.

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6

McGaughy, Joseph Taylor Swingen Abigail Leslie. ""A louse for a portion" early-eighteenth-century English attitudes towards Scots, 1688-1725 /". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/History/Thesis/Mcgaughy_Joseph_30.pdf.

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Brom-Pierzina, Jane. "Bias in children". Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999brompierzinaj.pdf.

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8

Levin, Olga A. "To be PC or not to be the impact of political correctness pressures on implicit and explicit measures of prejudice /". Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1055959612.

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Kafka, Pauline. "Low prejudiced people, their ideals, and outgroup overcompensation". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40153.

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The behavior and subsequent affect of people low in prejudice were examined in four experiments. In Study 1, 52 people evaluated two targets differing primarily in sexual orientation and then completed mood and prejudice measures. Although people high in prejudice discriminated against a homosexual target, people low and moderate in prejudice favored this target. In Study 2, 57 people were given target intellectual ability information designed to either challenge or not challenge any propensity towards the outgroup favoritism observed in Study 1. Specifically, study participants evaluated either a more qualified homosexual and a less qualified heterosexual (not challenging outgroup favoritism) or a less qualified homosexual and a more qualified heterosexual (challenging outgroup favoritism). Although low prejudiced people favored the homosexual target when he was better qualified, they were unwilling to make this same distinction when the heterosexual target was more qualified. Study 3 was designed to understand if such overcompensation results from a need to restore social justice. Study participants (n = 77) were made to believe their peers were either discriminatory, overcompensatory, or neutral towards a minority member. As expected for low prejudiced people, only by making them believe their peers overcompensate a minority group member, thereby eliminating any extant need to restore social justice, was outgroup favoritism eliminated. Finally, Study 4 assessed the extent to which the low prejudiced person's tendency to overcompensate a minority member rests on a well-internalized system of beliefs. Following a (mortality salience) manipulation designed either to engage or not engage the internalized belief system, 35 low prejudiced people completed the same procedure employed in Study 1. Results revealed increased overcompensation of a homosexual for participants whose internalized beliefs were engaged. Further, in all four studies, participants failed to man

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10

Hatchette, Virginia. "Prejudice as an object of evaluation automatic arousal of an anti-prejudice attitude /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ56233.pdf.

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Shook, Natalie Jane. "Interracial contact consequences for attitudes, relationships, and well-being /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186686892.

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Wood, Chantelle. "Associative strength determines prejudice-linked differences in automatic stereotype activation". University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0238.

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There is little consensus in the social-cognitive literature concerning the way in which prejudice and stereotyping are related, though a number of explanatory models have been proposed. The present research program empirically examines one recent model; Lepore and Brown's Associative Strength Model (ASM: 1997; 1999; 2002). The main premise of the ASM is that differential endorsement of stereotypic content leads to individual variation in the content that is automatically activated upon categorisation. Specifically, it predicts that high-prejudice people automatically activate negative stereotypic traits, and low-prejudice people automatically activate positive stereotypic traits. The current research used a primed lexical decision task to examine prejudicelinked differences in automatic stereotype activation. In addition, an impression formation task based on that of Lepore and Brown was included to measure stereotype application. Experiments 1A and 1B attempted to evaluate the predictions of the ASM using the category and stereotype of Asians. However, neither experiment was able to demonstrate a priming effect, prejudice-linked or otherwise, using this social category. Experiments 2 and 3, in contrast, successfully induced stereotype activation using the category of gay men. Furthermore, results were consistent with the predictions of the ASM. After priming with the category of gay men, high-prejudice participants exhibited greater activation of negative stereotypic traits and low-prejudice participants exhibited greater activation of positive stereotypic traits. However, parallel patterns of stereotype application were not found in the impression formation task, with participants forming positive impressions, regardless of prejudice. Experiment 4 used an honesty manipulation to investigate the possibility that self-presentational concerns were responsible for the discrepancies between stereotype activation and application. Consistent with this argument, Experiment 4 found prejudice-linked patterns of stereotype application that mirrored the patterns of stereotype activation when self-presentation concerns were reduced. When instructed to be honest, high-prejudice participants in the gay prime condition formed negative impressions and low-prejudice participants in the gay prime condition formed positive impressions. The current program of research provides the first direct empirical support for the predictions of the Associative Strength Model concerning stereotype activation. In addition, new questions have been raised that future research should seek to explore.

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13

Poore, Abigail G. "The interpersonal consequences of confronting the nonprejudiced self". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ44250.pdf.

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14

Lepore, Lorella. "Automatic processes in categorization and stereotyping". Thesis, University of Kent, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319224.

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15

Radaelli, Stephano. "The role of perceptual learning in accounting for the own-race bias, the inversion effect, and the distinctiveness effect in recognition memory for faces from a developmental perspective". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11132008-153318.

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Stacom, Elizabeth E. "The effect of attentional bias on suggestibility". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10064.

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Grooteman, Lisa. "It’s my Body, my Life : Prejudices around Sex Work in the Netherlands". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-107072.

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This is an queer theoretical intersectional feminist study about sex workers experiences and the prejudices they face in the Netherlands. Dutch sex workers do no get the same chances and opportunities as other workers in society. So, the overarching research problem of this study is the consequences of certain discourses that confine Dutch sex workers in their lives. The thesis aims that people will critically reflect upon this study and that they will take into account the different discourses and the non-uniformity of sex workers and sex work, in other words, to create awareness and a better understanding of the complex, diverse and various groups of sex workers and the sex industry. This study consists of two research methods: literature review and interview study. The literature review consists of the previous research and the theoretical framework. The theoretical framework presents discourse and stigma as part of respectability. Discourse as systems of thinking, which effects and affects. Also this study presents respectability, in relation to the so-called non-respectable bodies of sex workers and the missing respect and dignity towards sex workers, as well as stigma as part of respectability, as the experience deviant from the normative discourse. The interview study consists of four semi-structured interviews, conducted both online and face-to-face with four Dutch participants. The method thematic content analysis was applied to code the interview transcripts and divide the content into themes and sub-themes. The three main themes are: the discourses around sex work, the consequences of the discourses around sex work and sex work as a form of labour. Under these main themes I present related sub-themes. In the analysis the participants share their stories about the negative attitude from people towards their profession, this negative attitude manifested itself in different ways. According to the participants, this negative attitude, or so-called stigma, confines sex workers in their personal and professional lives.

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18

Terry, Lisa Noelle. "Exploring potential components of prejudice toward certain stigmatized others". Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3035988.

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Hall, Bryan T. "Characteristics of Aversive Racism". TopSCHOLAR®, 2008. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/33/.

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Ragimana, Mulalo Albert. "Factors related to the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS in Attridgeville and Mamelodi". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04292008-132413.

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Graves, Ellington T. "Differential perceptions of prejudice : an analysis of social attribution /". Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020530/.

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22

Sturm, Nika. "Northwest European female conversion to Islam and conceptualization of prejudices, discrimination and “Otherness”". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324776.

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This paper aims at depicting the current setting of female converts in Northwest Europe, as well as key areas of prejudices and discrimination faced by the researched group. Based on secondary research, this paper draws upon qualitative and quantitative data gathered through structured literature review process, and looking into post-WW2 publications. The female converts to Islam are identified as a small part in the terms of population, but with a strong influential potential in the terms of interfaith linking. Converts are facing prejudices from both their ex-religious and the new religious community. The key areas for further research in this field are identified, based on the gaps in current research. The rise in conversion to Islam, especially after September 11, resulted in re-shaping and re-defining Islam in Europe, and as an outcome of those processes new questions are being raised, such as the concepts of Euro-Islam, as well as the role converts could play in the society.

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Weigandt, Christine Marie. "The influence of reviewers' characteristics on their evaluations of instructional technology integration". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4216.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 139 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-96).

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Irvin, Clinton R. "Perceptions of race influenced by individual interactions the ambassador effect /". Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1127232347.

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Vermaas, Shanna Maureen. "An investigation into the promotion and development of awareness intergenerational transmission of prejudice in adolescents". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/7211.

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South Africa is a country where those who were oppressed in the past are trying to live in a society with their former oppressors. The youth of today appear to be carrying the anger, fears and uncertainties of the past. This could be the result of intergenerational transmission of prejudice, whereby memories of experiences, fears, anger and levels of anxiety may be absorbed by the next generation. The purpose of this study was to develop and implement an intervention programme that could assist adolescent learners in making their own informed decisions, despite the influences of the intergenerational transmission of prejudice. This was achieved by combining three theories, namely the transgenerational theory, historical trauma and social learning theory, with the principles of bibliotherapy. The research conducted was based in the interpretive paradigm, with the study methodology being qualitative in nature. The research design implemented was a case study. Data generation was achieved by utilising a variety of methods, namely open-ended questions, small focus groups and reflection journals. Analysis of the data was accomplished by applying a thematic analysis approach. The sample for this study was selected from a local, government high school and the participants consisted of a group of Grade 10 learners, who all held leadership positions in the school. The purpose of this study was achieved by utilising the principles of bibliotherapy to inform a programme to develop awareness of intergenerational transmission of prejudice. This was then combined with the principles of bibliotherapy, with scenarios taken from the animated film, The Land Before Time, to further assist in creating awareness and a better understanding of the intergenerational transmission of knowledge. Finally, the programme was used to equip the participants with the tools needed, to transfer what they had learnt from the programme to decisions they would need to make in their daily lives. This study has shown that the principles of bibliotherapy can be used to promote and develop awareness of intergenerational transmission of prejudice in adolescent learners.

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Hausdorf, Peter Alexander. "Understanding the impact of pre-interview information on the reliability, validity, accuracy and differential validity of employment interview decisions : comparisons across interview question type, rating scale and scoring protocols /". *McMaster only, 1997.

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Raley, Kristin Nicole Blashfield Roger K. "Essentialist beliefs about homosexuality structure and implications for prejudice ; a replication of Haslam and Levy, 2006 /". Auburn, Ala., 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Psychology/Thesis/Raley_Kristin_2.pdf.

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Cirino, Robert John. "Attributional and reputational biases associated with peer sociometric status : age, gender and situational effects /". The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487330761220243.

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Orellana, Salomon E. "Coping with policy-making complexity electoral institutions, diversity, and policy problem-solving /". Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Devine, Patricia G. "Automatic and Controlled Processes in Stereotyping and Prejudice". The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392051718.

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Henry, Erika A. "Death, prejudice, and ERP's understanding the neural correlates of bias /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4634.

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Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 23, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

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Pratt-Hyatt, Jennifer S. "The experiences of target and non-target confronters of prejudice". Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2007.

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Bergh, Robin. "Prejudiced Personalities Revisited : On the Nature of (Generalized) Prejudice". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-210292.

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In the media, one type of prejudice is often discussed as isolated from other types of prejudice. For example, after Breivik’s massacre, intolerance toward Muslims was intensely debated (for good reasons). However, his manifesto also disclosed extreme attitudes towards women and gays, a fact which passed without much notice. Still, in understanding why some individuals are so extremely intolerant compared to others, the psychological unity underlying different kinds of prejudice (e.g., racism, sexism) needs to be considered. This psychological unity, referred to as generalized prejudice, provided the starting point for personality theories on prejudice because it suggests that some people are simply more biased than other people in principle. Today it is well known that two basic personality characteristics, agreeableness and openness to new experiences, are powerful predictors of prejudice. However, more precisely what these variables can, versus cannot, explain has received little attention. Consequently, the aim of this thesis was to provide a more fine-grained analysis of generalized prejudice and its personality roots. Paper I demonstrated that personality mainly accounts for variance shared by several prejudice targets (generalized prejudice) whereas group membership mainly predicts unique variance in prejudice towards a particular target group. Thus, personality and group membership factors explain prejudice for different reason, and do not contradict each other. Paper II demonstrated, across three studies, that agreeableness and openness to experience are related to self-reported (explicit) prejudice, but not automatically expressed (implicit) biases. Personality seems informative about who chooses to express devaluing sentiments, but not who harbors spontaneous biases. Finally, Paper III examined the assumption that personality explains (explicit) generalized prejudice because some people simply favor their own group over all other groups (ethnocentrism). Providing the first direct test of this assumption, the results from three studies suggest that while agreeableness and openness to experience explain generalized prejudice, they do not account for purely ethnocentric attitudes. This indicates a fundamental difference between ethnocentrism and generalized prejudice. All in all, self-reported personality seems to have little to do with spontaneous group negativity or simple ingroup favoritism. However, personality strongly predicts deliberate and verbalized devaluation of disadvantaged groups.
I media diskuteras ofta fördomar mot en viss grupp som helt skilda från fördomar mot andra grupper. Efter Breivik’s massaker debatterades till exempel intolerans mot muslimer i stor utsträckning, men det diskuterades inte mycket kring att han även uttryckt extrema åsikter om kvinnor och homosexuella. Likväl är den gemensamma nämnaren i sådana attityder av yttersta vikt för att förstå varför vissa individer är mer intoleranta än andra. Tidigare forskning visar att personer som är mer rasistiska än andra också tenderar att vara mer sexistiska, samt nedvärdera till exempel, handikappade människor. Den gemensamma nämnare i sådana attityder kallas generaliserad fördomsfullhet och utgör grundbulten i personlighetsteorier om fördomar då det pekar på att somliga alltid tycks ogilla/nedvärdera utsatta grupper. Idag är det även välkänt att två personlighetsvariabler, vänlighet och öppenhet för nya erfarenheter, beskriver vem som uttrycker mer fördomar än andra. Däremot har det inte ägnats mycket kraft åt frågan vad exakt det är som dessa variabler förklarar, respektive inte förklarar. Syftet med avhandlingen var därmed att erbjuda en mer detaljerad analys av kopplingen mellan personlighet och generaliserad fördomsfullhet. Artikel I visade att personlighet förklarar den gemensamma nämnaren i olika typer av fördomar, medan grupptillhörighet (exempelvis kön) förklarar skillnader som är unika för fördomar mot en viss grupp (kvinnor). Personlighet och grupptillhörighet kompletterar alltså varandra som förklaringar snarare än att vara motsägelsefulla, såsom vissa forskare menat. Tre studier från Artikel II visade att vänlighet och öppenhet till nya erfarenheter hänger samman med viljekontrollerade fördomar, men inte spontana negativa associationer. Målet med Artikel III var att undersöka om personlighet förklarar fördomar av anledningen att vissa alltid favoriserar sin egen grupp över andra grupper (så kallad etnocentrism). Denna tanke har tagits för givet inom forskning om fördomsfullhet, men antagandet har inte testats empiriskt. Resultaten från tre studier pekar på att, till skillnad från generaliserad fördomsfullhet, så visar etnocentrism i sig inte på några starka samband med personlighet. Sammanfattningsvis så hänger varken vänlighet eller öppenhet ihop med spontan gruppnegativitet eller att ogilla ”de andra”. Däremot så pekar personlighetsfaktorer i stor utsträckning på vem som väljer att uttryckligen nedvärdera utsatta grupper.

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Lupo, Amber K. "Moral obligation and motivation to control prejudice mediate the relationship between egalitarianism and prejudice-related personal standards". Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397656.

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This study investigated low- and high-prejudice whites' personal standards for prejudiced behavior toward African-Americans, gays and lesbians, and Arab-Americans. Using structural equation modeling, the study examined whether feelings of moral obligation, internal motivation to respond without prejudice, and concern with acting prejudiced each mediate the relationship between egalitarianism as defined as equality of opportunity and personal standards. Because the low-prejudice groups uniformly demonstrated non-prejudiced personal standards, the proposed models could not be fit for these groups. Across the high-prejudice groups, however, results indicated that the mediating models demonstrated only fair to poor fit. Moreover, the fit of two alternative models were evaluated; a discussion of theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Department of Psychological Science

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Pilkington, Neil W. "Impression formation differences between low- and high-prejudice individuals : investigating the mediating and moderating roles of perceiver and target characteristics". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0023/NQ50239.pdf.

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Goodman, Jeffrey A. "Experiences of the Stigmatized: Discrimination Likelihood, Stigma Consciousness, Attributions to Prejudice, Coping Strategies and Psychological Well-Being". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GoodmanJA2004.pdf.

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Liersch, Michael James. "Testing the boundary conditions of biases resulting from heuristic processes /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3266844.

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Haselton, Martie Gail. "Biases in social inference : errors in design or by design? /". Digital version:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992811.

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Östlund, Pernilla. "The power of friendship : Can friendship between ethnic groups reduce prejudices in multi-ethnic Suriname?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412741.

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Ybarra, Veronica Consuelo. "Mexican American adolescents' understanding of ethnic prejudice and ethnic pride /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Karcher, Michael Justin. "Social and cognitive-developmental factors in adolescent ethnic prejudice /". Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Gill, Michael Joseph. "Rethinking social stereotypes : moving from individual-directed to group-directed thought and behavior /". Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Gibbs, Caelee Tra. "Privilege in fraternities and sororities: racial prejudices through the use of formalized recruitment, tradition, and marketing". Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15602.

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Master of Science
Department of Special Education, Counseling and Student Affairs
Doris Wright Carroll
Privilege and its’ impact on the racial and social constructs of fraternity and sorority life is an issue that has plagued the past and continues to determine the future. The examination of literature and the application of both Critical Race Theory and Critical Race Feminist Theory provides the theoretical framework for defining this issue. While White privilege does not answer all questions regarding race and how it determines sorority and fraternity membership, it does seek to address issues surrounding the traditions and customs in fraternity and sorority life. Additionally, in using a Critical Race Feminist perspective it seeks to address issues regarding the formalized sorority recruitment process used by traditionally White sororities and its impact on multicultural students. As a result of the findings within the literature, the traditional practices fraternities and sororities cling to only further draw discriminatory barriers between traditionally White Greek organizations and potential multicultural members. Furthermore, if this issue is not addressed within both higher education and Greek life it could signal further racially dividing issues. With the impact of biracial and multiracial students becoming more prevalent on campuses, student affairs practitioners must work to redefine what race and ethnicity mean in terms of student affiliation and involvement. Future research must study the impact of segregated governing organizations and their impact on creating cohesion between multicultural and traditionally White fraternal organizations.

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Irvin, Clinton R. "Not Guilty by Association: The Effects of Associations with Tolerant Groups on Personal Expressions of Prejudice". Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1210094084.

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Ohlström, Marcus. "Justice and the Prejudices of Culture : On Choice, Social Background and Unequal Opportunities in the Liberal Society". Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-21804.

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Egalitarian liberal theories of justice – so this dissertation argues – fail to take into accountthe full implications of the way citizens’ socio-cultural backgrounds work to undermine theequal opportunities these same theories demand. While egalitarians support extensiveredistribution of income and wealth from the privileged to the less privileged, and advocateequal opportunities for all, they do not properly attend either to how our shared societalcultures structure social esteem and related advantages, or to how our individual socioculturalenvironments structure the very act of choice. They thus fail to acknowledge ourunequal opportunities to make choices which bring us esteem and related advantages,particularly the advantages that flow from our having established for ourselves lives thatothers consider good. Alternative approaches to the interplay between justice, culture, and choice are rejected forillegitimately restricting the right to go our own way (communitarianism), or for regulatingpolitically that which cannot legitimately be regulated politically (recognition theory).Against the former position it is argued that we should draw on our culturalunderstandings, not to restrict free choice, but to identify opportunities to be safeguarded.Against the latter it is argued that we should not renegotiate prevailing cultural structurespolitically, but rather acknowledge these same structures and ensure that no one falls too farbehind in the competition for the advantages they generate. Suggesting that one of the more thoroughgoing hierarchies of esteem and disesteem is thatattached to our occupational positions, broadly construed, the dissertation concretizes theclaims defended in relation to this hierarchy in particular. It is argued that the just societyowes it to its citizens to protect them from involuntary occupation of positions that comewith potentially harmful disesteem attached. It is not for society to overrule theindependent choices of citizens, however, but rather to provide enduring opportunities totraining and education for more highly regarded positions, thus both equalizingopportunities to esteem and related advantages, and ensuring that those who continue tooccupy positions at the lower end of the hierarchy in question do so through their owngenuinely free choice.

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Göksu, Fatih. "European identity on the perspective of incoming and outgoing Eramus students: a study of stereotypes and prejudices as cultural differences". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402436.

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European education programs and European identity are acknowledged as inextricable concepts considering the fact that education programs such as Erasmus plays an important role on the construction of European identity by using exchange programs to create awareness. This study mainly tries to realize if incoming and outgoing Erasmus students are conscious of this European identity and if stereotypes and prejudices as intercultural communication barriers are obstacles in this construction based on the fact that Erasmus students live in intercultural community. European exchange programs such as Erasmus have a proved effect to strengthen relations among European societies. In this context, the research investigates if Erasmus as a most important exchange program has an effect to build European identity. Besides the research tries to understand how Erasmus student see their own identity in relation to European one and what effect are observed in students’ national identity by investigating Catalan Erasmus students.
Els programes d’educació de la Unió Europea i la identitat Europea són reconeguts com a conceptes que inevitablement van de la mà, donat que programes educatius com l’Erasmus juguen un paper important en la construcció de la identitat Europea, i són utilitzats per crear consciencia. Aquest estudi tracta d’analitzar si els estudiants d’Erasmus, tant els que arriben com els que marxen, són conscients d’aquesta identitat Europea, així com determinar si els estereotips i prejudicis, tals com les barreres de comunicació interculturals, són obstacles en la construcció d’aquesta identitat, basant-nos en que aquests estudiants viuen dins de comunitats interculturals. Programes Europeus d’intercanvi com el programa Erasmus tenen el poder particular per enfortir les relacions entre les diferents societats europees. En aquest context, l’estudi investiga si l’Erasmus, com a programa d’intercanvi més important, repercuteix directament en la creació de la identitat Europea. A més, l’estudi intenta entendre com els estudiants d’Erasmus viuen la seva pròpia identitat en relació amb l’Europea, i quins efectes s’observen en la identitat nacional dels estudiants a través d’investigar els estudiants d’Erasmus catalans

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Pehi, Phillipa TePaea, i n/a. "Intergroup discrimination and the need to belong". University of Otago. Department of Psychology, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060809.134640.

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Intergroup discrimination is a pervasive fact of life and many factors are proposed to contribute or relate to its existence and expression (e.g. Staub, 2001). Though much research in social psychology has focused on the need for positive self-esteem as an underlying motive, in the past 25 years, evidence for the role of self-esteem in intergroup discrimination has at best proved contradictory (see Long & Spears, 1997; Rubin & Hewstone, 1998). More recently, other motivational constructs for human behaviour have been proposed to play a part in intergroup discrimination (e.g. Abrams & Hogg, 2001). This thesis focuses on the need to belong (or belongingness) as this has long been recognised as a basic human need (e.g. Horney, 1945) and recently, evidence has been provided to support this assumption (e.g. Baumeister & Leary, 1995). Thus the present thesis argues that as a fundamental need, the need to belong (NTB) would be expected to play a role in intergroup discrimination. In support of this assumption, results from some empirical studies are also highly suggestive of a link between intergroup discrimination and the NTB (e.g. Marques & Paez, 1994), though the current research programme is the first to explicitly examine this link. Seven experiments employing the same basic methodology were conducted to investigate the central hypothesis that engaging in intergroup discrimination decreases the NTB. Three experiments supported the hypothesis. Experiments 2 and 3 found that the NTB decreased for New Zealanders who engaged in intergroup discrimination and Experiment 7 found that members of a minimally socially important group showed a decrease in the NTB following intergroup discrimination when measured at a group level, but not at the personal level. Experiment 1 (Chapter 5) investigated the central hypothesis utilizing the minimal group paradigm (MGP). Despite participants exhibiting intergroup discrimination when given the opportunity, there was no significant change in their reported NTB. Thus the results of this experiment did not support the central hypothesis. Experiment 2 (Chapter 6) investigated whether the central hypothesis would be supported if participants were members of a realistic and meaningful social group category (i.e. New Zealanders). Results from this experiment showed that those participants who exhibited intergroup discrimination did in fact show a significant decrease in their NTB. Experiment 3 (Chapter 7) sought to replicate these results and to control for self-esteem effects utilizing New Zealand participants. Again, results supported the central hypothesis and no effect was found for either global or collective self-esteem. To test whether this result would generalize to other social categories, Experiment 4 (Chapter 8) tested whether the NTB would be decreased after women participants engaged in intergroup discrimination. Results found there was no significant difference in the NTB between women who engaged in discrimination and those who did not. Thus the central hypothesis and the results from Experiment 2 and 3 were not supported. To then investigate whether social influence accounted for the contradictory results from Experiments 1-4, Experiment 5 (Chapter 9) required women to publicly or privately state their intergroup discrimination. No significant changes were found in the NTB (from pre- to post- allocation task) for either private or public responding conditions, whether women engaged in intergroup discrimination or not. It was then assessed whether the importance to participants of the social identity in question was a factor. Experiments 6a and 6b (Chapter 10; women and men respectively) compared the NTB of participants with low identification with their social group, to high identifying participants. For both women and men, no significant changes were found in the NTB from pre- to post-allocation task for either high or low identifiers, regardless of whether they engaged in intergroup discrimination. Thus the central hypothesis was again not supported. Finally in Experiment 7, the NTB measure was re-evaluated and items were changed to be more group-oriented, compared to the original more individually-oriented items. The procedure used for Experiment 1 (i.e. MGP) was employed for Experiment 7 (Chapter 11) with participants completing both the personal and group versions of the NTB scale. The results for the modified group NTB scale showed that for participants who engaged in intergroup discrimination, group NTB decreased significantly from pre- to post- allocation task, compared with no significant change for those participants who did not engage in discrimination. No effects were found for either control or experimental participants� responses on the original NTB scale. Thus the central hypothesis and the results from Experiments 2 and 3 were supported. Furthermore, as was found for earlier experiments, there was no effect of either personal or collective self-esteem on the results for Experiments 4- 7. Taken overall, these results indicate that there may be a relationship between intergroup discrimination and the need to belong and that this may be most appropriately assessed using a group level measure of the NTB. Moreover, these results cannot be explained on the basis of self-esteem. Results from Experiments 2 and 3 may also indicate that if the social group category is meaningful enough for the individual (e.g. nationality), significant changes for the NTB at the personal level may occur. Despite the limitations of the present research, these results indicate that the investigation of the relationship between intergroup discrimination and the need to belong may further elucidate the underlying nature of prejudice. A number of possible directions for future research are discussed.

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Kernahan, Cynthia A. "Reactions to privilege : features of the person and the situation /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946270.

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Garris, Bill R., Cecil Blankenship, S. Cockerham, Mary R. Langenbrunner i Teresa Brooks Taylor. "I Am Not Prejudiced, But...: Activities to Reduce Prejudice in the Classroom". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3150.

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Gniechwitz, Susan. "Antisemitismus im Lichte der modernen Vorurteilsforschung kognitive Grundlagen latenter Vorurteile gegenüber Juden in Deutschland". Berlin wvb, Wiss. Verl. Berlin, 2006. http://www.wvberlin.de/data/inhalt/gniechwitz.htm.

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