Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS

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  1. Artykuły w czasopismach
  2. Rozprawy doktorskie
  3. Książki
  4. Części książek
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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 11 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS"

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Wang, Yan, Jian-tao Zhou i Hong-yan Tan. "CC-PSM: A Preference-Aware Selection Model for Cloud Service Based on Consumer Community". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/170656.

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In order to give full consideration to the consumer’s personal preference in cloud service selection strategies and improve the credibility of service prediction, a preference-aware cloud service selection model based on consumer community (CC-PSM) is presented in this work. The objective of CC-PSM is to select a service meeting a target consumer’s demands and preference. Firstly, the correlation between cloud consumers from a bipartite network for service selection is mined to compute the preference similarity between them. Secondly, an improved hierarchical clustering algorithm is designed to discover the consumer community with similar preferences so as to form the trusted groups for service recommendation. In the clustering process, a quantization function called community degree is given to evaluate the quality of community structure. Thirdly, a prediction model based on consumer community is built to predict a consumer’s evaluation on an unknown service. The experimental results show that CC-PSM can effectively partition the consumers based on their preferences and has good effectiveness in service selection applications.
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Romadhon, Julkhaidar, Muhammad Yazid, Andy Mulyana i Yunita. "Social demographic factors influencing consumer's preferences on rice attributes in Indonesia: a multinomial logistic approach". Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 15 (28.03.2021): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1526.

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This study assessed factors influencing consumer's preferences on rice attributes in Indonesia using data collected from a sample of 329 consumers in South Sumatra Province in Indonesia. This study used two variables such as independent variables and dependent variables. Independent variables as a predictor of attributes of consumer preferences include social-demographic variables. On another side, dependent variables include attributes of rice-based on the preferences of the consumer. Social demographic factors such as gender, age, number of families, occupation, education, and income are mentioned to influence consumer's preference for rice. Rice attributes such as small broken, chalky grains, higher broken, varieties, family reference, friend reference, suppliers, advertisement, foreign object, residue, packaging, brand, volume expansion, head rice, flavor, aroma soft texture, durability, and whiteness. This study employed the multinomial logistic regression analysis to examine the effects of these variables on rice preference. This study revealed that among household characteristics that influence consumers' preference for rice attributes were household income and the type of occupation of the household head.
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Wagle, Sudip. "Determinant Variables Of Consumers’ Preference Towards Patanjali Products". Journal of Balkumari College 11, nr 1 (31.12.2022): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbkc.v11i1.53022.

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Patanjali Ayurveda is maker of ayurvedic consumer product and is one of the fastest growing consumer company. Consumers of Twenty-first Century are much more health conscious and are always inclined to maintain quality of life. So, people are moving towards herbal and ayurvedic products. In order to purchase a product, consumer will go through a process of buying behavior. The purchase decision of consumer is mostly affected by the quality, price, packaging, advertisement, brand image and benefits offered by the brand. This study elucidate about the consumer’s preferences towards Patanjali products within Bharatpur Metropolitian city. Descriptive and casual comparative research design were used and the collected primary data via well-structured google form questionnaire were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential analysis. The major finding of this study shows brand image is the main reason that induces consumers to buy Patanjali products and it also reveals the level of satisfaction of consumers towards Patanjali products. Likewise, results reveals that the impact of quality, brand image, packaging and availability of products on consumers’ preference towards Patanjali products is found positive with significant whereas the impact of price on consumers’ preference towards Patanjali products is only positive with insignificant. Similarly, the influence of advertisement and offers on consumers’ preference towards Patanjali products is found negative but that is also insignificant.
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Mila, FA, i SK Raha. "Consumers’ preferences for processed milk – A study in Mymensingh town". Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 10, nr 2 (13.05.2013): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14918.

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The study examined the consumer preference for processed milk in Mymensingh town. The study was mainly based on primary data in which 40 consumers were purposively selected from Mymensingh town. In the study, preference of consumers for processed milk i.e. powder milk, condensed milk and pasteurized milk were investigated. Consumers’ preference for processed milk was ascertained through a 4-point numerical rating scale. The consumers highly preferred powder milk and the computed preference index of powder milk was 80. The computed preference index of pasteurized milk was 71. The computed preference index of raw milk was 54. The lowest preference of consumers was for condensed milk and the computed preference index of condensed milk was 36. The study revealed that Milk Vita has ranked first (90) followed by Diploma (85), Dano (81), Arong (68) and Red Cow (61) were the major brands preferred by the consumers. On the other hand, Danish (36), Nido (34), Starship (34), Marks (27) and Farmland (26) were less preferred for consumption of processed milk. The relationship between the factors that influencing consumer’s preferences and their preferences of processed milk was also explored. Spearman rank correlation coefficient test was used to explore relationship between the variables. The monthly income of the family, price level, taste level, fat content, nutritional value and attitudes towards processed milk of the consumers were significantly related with their preferences of processed milk while the other factors (age, family size, education level) were not significantly related.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14918 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 267-276, 2012
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Alphonce, Roselyne, Betty Mamuya Waized i Marianne Nylandsted Larsen. "Consumer preference for novelty in processed foods: a developing country perspective". Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 10, nr 4 (28.05.2020): 429–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-03-2019-0036.

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PurposeThe paper aims to explore consumer preferences for novel and other quality attributes in processed foods. It focuses on preferences for product origin, certification on food quality and standards and tradeoffs between novelty (fortification and highly processed) and other quality attributes.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 317 consumers were randomly selected at a high-end supermarket and a traditional local market in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Stated and revealed preference approaches were used to investigate their preferences for different attributes in processed foods. A hypothetical choice experiment was used to assess consumer preference for six baby food attributes and the tradeoffs between the attributes, while the revealed preference method included questions on consumer's actual processed food purchasing and consumption habits. In addition, consumers were asked a series of hierarchical questions assessing the motivation underpinning their choices for different products attributes.FindingsWhen making choices for processed food attributes, consumers are reluctant to choose novel technologies and have a strong preference for natural, nutritious, tasty and quality processed food attributes. However, they are willing to forego their preference for naturalness and to overcome their reluctance to trying novel technologies when the novelty is embedded with such quality benefits as nutrition, but not so when the embedded benefit is convenience. They are also willing to trade off their preference for nutrition for a sensory taste. This suggests that micronutrient deficiencies can be reduced among women and children under five by employing the appropriate strategies in processed food formulation. Further, the preference for product origin highlights the opportunity for national brands to fill the gap created by the increasing demand for processed foods in Tanzania.Research limitations/implicationsThe study claims a developing country perspective but is only representing consumers in one city in a developing country. However, this study speculates that consumers with representative characteristics in such context are likely to behave the same. Furthermore, although this study controlled for a hypothetical bias, having a hypothetical choice experiment with non-shoppers (non-purchasers) could have triggered the hypothetical bias, making participants concentrate more on non-price than price attributes.Originality/valueThe paper offers a developing country perspective on consumers' preferences for novelty in processed foods and tradeoffs with other quality attributes.
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Chen, Chun-Wei. "A Feasibility Discussion: Is ML Suitable for Predicting Sustainable Patterns in Consumer Product Preferences?" Sustainability 15, nr 5 (22.02.2023): 3983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15053983.

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In the era when product design must meet the needs of consumers, the products preferred by consumers are an important source of design creativity and design reference for product designers to design products. Therefore, how to effectively grasp the products that consumers prefer has become an important issue for product designers. In order to allow designers to have more convenient and accurate consumer preference product prediction tools, this study proposed machine learning (ML) to analyze and predict sustainable patterns in consumer product preferences and conducted a feasibility study on the use of ML for predicting sustainable patterns in consumer product preferences. A total of three experiments were carried out in this study: the KJ method to predict consumer product preference experiment, the AHP method to predict consumer product preference experiment, and ML to predict consumer product preference experiment. This study uses the three experiments to discuss and compare the prediction ability of ML and the current commonly used forecasting tools, namely the KJ method and AHP method. The research results show that no matter what kind of consumer product attribute preference is predicted, the accuracy rate of consumer product preference prediction by ML is much higher than that of the KJ method and AHP method. These research results show that no matter the product attribute dimension, ML has the ability to predict consumer preferences, and ML has a better ability to predict consumer preferences than traditional tools. Therefore, this study believes that ML can be used to analyze and predict sustainable patterns in consumer product preferences. Therefore, this study suggests that product designers can use ML technology to assist in the analysis and prediction of consumer product preferences, so as to improve the grasp of consumer preference products.
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Filipas, Ana Marija, Nenad Vretenar i Ivan Prudky. "DECISION TREES DO NOT LIE: CURIOSITIES IN PREFERENCES OF CROATIAN ONLINE CONSUMERS". Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci: časopis za ekonomsku teoriju i praksu/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics: Journal of Economics and Business 41, nr 1 (30.06.2023): 157–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18045/zbefri.2023.1.157.

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Understanding consumers’ preferences has always been important for economic theory and for business practitioners in operations management, supply chain management, marketing, etc. While preferences are often considered stable in simplified theoretical modelling, this is not the case in real-world decision-making. Therefore, it is crucial to understand consumers’ preferences when a market disruption occurs. This research aims to recognise consumers’ preferences with respect to online shopping after the COVID-19 outbreak hit markets. To this purpose, we conducted an empirical study among Croatian consumers with prior experience in online shopping using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was completed by 350 respondents who met the criteria. We selected decision-tree models using the J48 algorithm to determine the influences of the found shopping factors and demographic characteristics on a consumer’s preference indicator. The main components of our indicators that influence consumer behaviour are the stimulators and destimulators of online shopping and the importance of social incidence. Our results show significant differences between men and women, with men tending to use fewer variables to make decisions. In addition, the analysis revealed that four product groups and a range of shopping mode-specific influencing factors are required to evaluate consumers’ purchase points when constructing the consumers’ preference indicator.
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Sandita, Febrianisa Yulia, Ibnu Wahid Fakhrudin Aziz i Mirwan Ushada. "Fried Chicken Consumer’s Preference and Purchase Decision Analysis During Covid 19 Pandemic Era". Agroindustrial Journal 9, nr 1 (19.08.2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/aij.v9i1.80860.

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This study aims to observe the decision-making process on fried chicken purchases, and identify the most considered attribute, and combination of attributes based on consumer preference in the Covid-19 pandemic era. The pandemic has altered consumer behavior and consumption patterns, leading to changes in the food industry. Understanding how consumer preferences have shifted can help businesses adapt their strategies to better serve their customers. The data were collected using the questionnaire method through the Google Form platform with respondent criteria being fried chicken consumers who had purchased fried chicken at least twice in the last six months with the number of respondents being 135. The questionnaire consisted of two parts, the first part is about the consumer's purchase decision-making process and the second one is about the consumer's preference for fried chicken. Price, serving, purchase state, and packaging are the attributes chosen to identify consumer preferences using the conjoint analysis method. This study shows consumer habits in the decision-making process of buying fried chicken and consumers’ preferences toward the price, serving, purchase state, and packaging of fried chicken. Product attributes were the most considered based on importance level Price (40.73%), Purchase state (33.57%), Serving (16.99%), and Packaging (8.70%). The combination of fried chicken product attributes that are preferred by consumers according to the utility value of each level attribute is less than 15.000 IDR of price, served with rice/fried chicken and vegetables, purchased in ready-to-eat (takeaway/delivery) form and using paper box packaging.
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Peng, Liangui, Ying Li i Hui Yu. "Effects of Dual Credit Policy and Consumer Preferences on Production Decisions in Automobile Supply Chain". Sustainability 13, nr 11 (21.05.2021): 5821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115821.

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New energy vehicles have a significant advantage in energy saving and environmental pollution reduction in the transportation industry; however, they are still at a disadvantage in the market competition. The Chinese government has introduced lots of policy measures to promote the mass adoption of new energy vehicles (NEVs), specifically the dual credit policy. Moreover, consumer’s preferences are vital factors in their purchase decision making. This study focuses on the production decisions of automobile manufacturers under the decentralized and centralized supply chain, considering the factors of both consumer preferences and dual credit policy. First, under the centralized decision mode, higher demand drives the manufacturer to expand production; however, retailers’ profits are harmed. With the increase in consumers’ environmental preference and cognition of endurance ability, market pricing and demand increase under the decentralized decision mode. The cross effects of preferences bring more profits for manufacturers and retailers. Second, the difference in prices and profits widens, under the two decision modes, as increases in consumer preferences’ value. When consumers have higher environmental preferences, manufacturers and retailers should increase the new energy vehicle pricing. Otherwise, they should decrease pricing to increase the market penetration ratio. In addition, the impacts of one preference on the profit difference are related to the other preference.
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Rao, Ram, i Ozge Turut. "New Product Preannouncement: Phantom Products and the Osborne Effect". Management Science 65, nr 8 (sierpień 2019): 3776–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3124.

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The mere preannouncement of a new product can affect consumer choice, thus complicating preannouncement strategy. This is because a preannounced product that is unavailable immediately can still be one of the alternatives in a consumer’s mind at the time of choice. Such unavailable products, also known as phantom products, influence the reference point that consumers compare alternatives to when making a choice, as has been widely demonstrated in experimental studies. Thus, in addition to encouraging consumers to postpone purchase in favor of a future product, preannouncement also changes their preference for the currently available products when consumers do not prefer to postpone. In this paper we explore preannouncement strategy by analyzing a model that incorporates the effect of new product preannouncement (NPP) on consumer preferences and compare the results with a benchmark case in which consumer preferences across the existing products are not influenced by preannouncement. We find that when we take into account the effect of NPP on consumer preferences across the existing products, although postponement of purchase by some consumers remains beneficial, the preference for the current product offering with a lower quality can suffer so much that the significant lowering of current profits is not offset by future gains. Thus, preannouncement may no longer be the optimal strategy for the firm with a lower-quality product, which in turn explains the “Osborne effect.” Our results also challenge the conventional wisdom in new product preannouncement literature. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS"

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Chien, Yung-hsin. "Probabilistic preference modeling /". Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Scott, Darcea. "Female consumers' awareness of and preference for brand name apparel". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101147.

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This study investigated female consumers’ awareness of and preference for brand name apparel, sought to determine the relationship between these variables and the purchase of brand name apparel, and attempted to determine the sample’s perceptions of branded apparel. The respondents’ brand name apparel awareness, preference, and perception were also investigated in relation to several demographic variables. Women professors and secretaries employed at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VPI&SU) were chosen as the sample for this study. A questionnaire was developed to ascertain the needed information and was distributed to 471 women by the intercampus mail system during the summer of 1985. The sample consisted of 97 secretaries and 73 professors, for a total of 170 participants. It was found that the brand name of apparel was unimportant to the sampled consumers in the purchase of dresses for the job, sleepwear and casual clothing. Within these classifications, consumers were generally more concerned with intrinsic garment features such as fit, construction, material, care, and style. Magazines were not found to be a major vehicle to provide clothing information, nor was magazine readership found to be related to the respondents’ levels of overall recognition and preference for name brand clothing. Consumers who were exposed to brand name apparel via media or store displays had a greater level of brand recognition and recall, which ultimately lead to greater preference for brand name apparel. Occupation and total household income were not found to be significant determinants of brand name awareness and preference.
M.S.
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Tang, Yangyi. "The effectiveness of underdog brand positioning : how inspiration drives low-control consumers' preference for underdog brands". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2020. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/818.

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Many marketers choose to position their brands as underdogs instead of top dogs in the marketplace. Research shows that underdog positioning may help marketers to create competitive advantages, although when and why consumers respond favorability to such positioning strategy is not fully understood. While a handful of studies found that underdog positioning is more effective than top-dog positioning for certain types of brands or consumers, little is known about how consumers'psychological state may influence their responses to underdog positioning. Existing literature on underdog positioning mainly attributes consumers' favorable responses to its ability to elicit empathy for the brand, neglecting the potential benefit that consumers can gain from their underdog support. To address these gaps, this thesis examines how personal control influences consumers' responses to underdog (vs. top dog) positioning. It was proposed that brands positioned as underdogs are preferred over those positioned as top dogs by consumers whose personal control is low because underdog positioning can inspire those consumers to restore their threatened control. Five experiments were conducted to test the hypotheses. Experiment 1 demonstrates that when consumers' personal control is low, consumers prefer brands positioned as underdogs over those positioned as top dogs. Experiment 2 uncovers the underlying mechanism of the observed effect: The relative preference for underdog positioning among low-control consumers occurs because the passion and determination exemplified in such positioning can inspire those consumers to cope with their loss or lack of control. In line with this mechanism, Experiment 3 provides supportive evidence that the acquisition of the brand positioned as an underdog, but not the acquisition of the brand positioned as a top dog, increases low-control consumers'feelings of control. The last two experiments show that low-control consumers' relative preference for underdog positioning is further moderated by both their shopping orientation and the causal attribution for their loss of control. The findings of this thesis contribute to the growing research on underdog positioning and customer inspiration, and the results have practical implications for marketers in terms of effectiveness of marketing communications.
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Zhang, Liwen, Jinjing Song i Xinyu Li. "Analysis of Chinese millennial consumers' preference for online advertising channel in China". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49999.

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An increasing number of foreign companies want to enter the Chinese market. Online advertising is one of the indispensable means of the company's operation and marketing, and foreign companies poorly understood the online advertising channels in China. Therefore, this study uses the AISAS model to study the preferences of Chinese millennial generation Taobao users for online advertising channels. And research through three dimensions are gender, city level and different product categories. Specifically, this research through online questionnaires and finally collected 150 samples, it was found that Chinese millennial generation Taobao users favored the promotion of WeChat public accounts, followed by Pre-movie adverts. Further, the study confirms that consumers do have preferences for online advertising choices and that they will change as they are placed on different e-commerce platforms. Based on the previous study's interpretation of preferences, the preferences are defined as five exact post behaviors to better evaluate consumers' choices for online advertising. Moreover, through data analysis, it is found that there are differences between male and female online advertising channels among Chinese millennial generation Taobao users. Females prefer online advertising channels that are interactive than males such as live streaming. Males prefer online advertising channels that are dominated by pictures/images for instance mini banners in App and Web. In addition, live streaming has an advantage in the household goods category.
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Turner, Hannah L. "Quantification of product color preference in a utility function". Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Turner_09007dcc8078c48d.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed April 21, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-39).
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Warrington, Robert H. "The effect of outcome type on preference for improving sequences /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3026381.

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Makweya, Lesiba Florah. "Consumers preference and willingness to pay for graded beef in Polokwane Municipality of Limpopo Province, South Africa". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/3053.

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Thesis (M.Sc. ( Agricultural Economics)) --University of Limpopo, 2019
The demand for animal products is projected to increase progressively due to extensive urbanization, rapid growth of human population and income dynamics. However, the evolution of food demand is strictly linked to the change in consumer preferences. Consumers around the world are progressively becoming more concerned and aware about food standards, quality and safety issues. The purpose of this study was to determine consumers’ preference regarding safe and quality beef and WTP for graded beef in Polokwane municipality. The research surveyed 150 consumers using a structured questionnaire to collect data on consumer characteristics and responses to different bid levels for graded beef. Analytical methods were descriptive statistics, Likert scales, contingent valuation method to evaluate respondents’ mean WTP for graded beef and logit model to determine the dependence of WTP on socioeconomic factors. Results showed that consumers prefer their beef tender, with less fat and bones and labelled with price, grade/class, size or quantity of the product and lastly quality inspection or certification indicator. Over half of the respondents (53%) were aware of grading or classification systems. The results further revealed that most respondents are willing to pay an increase of 16.04 % over the current price for beef. This could be an opportunity for investments in beef label industry. Consumer characteristics including age, income, gender and household size significantly influenced WTP for graded beef in Polokwane Municipality. Marketing strategies considered by beef product investors should target young, female and wealthier consumers. Grading with respect to quality attributes would make beef sales at differentiated prices possible. This will eventually enhance sales volume and returns for all stakeholders along the value chain
National Research Fund
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Zanella, Chantal <1995&gt. "Nudging consumers: the social dimension role in affecting behaviors and preference construction". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15949.

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In the first chapters, the thesis describes the key concepts of behavioral economics, from its first introduction to its fundamentals passing trough the differences with the neoclassical economic view. So, after the definition of behavioral economics, the comparison between prospect theory and expected utility theory will be depicted, to later define the phenomenon of framing and the role of heuristics and biases in decisional processes. In the first part, all the basic concepts of behavioral economics will we explored, from the distinction between “Econ” and “Human” to the description of the dualism of the cognitive system and how this affects consumers behaviors. Then, the nudge theory will be introduced as solution proposed by behavioral economists aimed at solving human irrationality problem in decision making process. It is built upon concepts of behavioral economics described in the previous part but it goes a step forward in the terms in which it tries to influence people lifestyle in order to reduce effects of their systematic errors. In the last chapters the paper will analyze how, among other factors, the social dimension can affect behaviors and consumer preferences construction. The last part will be dedicated to the recent diffusion and expansion of the topic of sustainability and in particular in the fashion sector. Accordingly to the previous chapters, this last one will analyze how this theme can be connected with the theory of nudges, especially it will focus on the possible role of the latter in reducing the gap between consumer attitude and behaviors towards sustainability, taking into consideration both companies (supply) and consumers (demand) side.
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Fernandes, Beatriz Fragoso. "Effect of food on wine preference by consumers - evaluation of typical portuguese ingredients". Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13861.

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Mestrado em Viticultura e Enologia - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL / Faculdade de Ciências - Universidade do Porto
The present work intended to assess the influence food and physiological and demographic characteristics of the taster in wine preference according to sweetness and acidity as well as to segmentation based in. The panel test, with previous training, was established by 21 individuals grouped according to gender, saliva production, PROP (6-n-propylthiouracil) sensibility and vinotype. Using a 2 ascending forced choice method, we verified that the preference for red wine with and without sugar was not affected by food, where we obtained a rejection threshold of 18.4 g/L of sugar. In white wines, tasters did not show significant preference for the wine with added tartaric acid (between 0.8 and 3.2 g/L) regarding the control wine in presence or absence of food. However, a tendency was observed for the increasing preference of the wine spiked with 1.6 g/L of tartaric acid after ingesting the food. The segmentation effect regarding the intensity and appreciation of added tartaric acid to white wine allowed to observe significant correlations (p<0.05) between the saliva production and vinotype only in appreciation. The individuals with low saliva production (<3.5 g/min) preferred the most acidic wines. In vinotype, the acid appreciation increased according to the sequence "hypersensitive” > ”sensitive” > “tolerant”. Lastly, 3 red commercial red wines were evaluated with food, by a trained panel test and by an untrained panel test trough ranking order classification. The statistical analysis of the results (Friedman test) did not reveal differences in ranking before and after food. The Pearson’s 𝑋2 test did not evidence changes in the appreciation of each wine before and after food. Regarding each taster, the Spearman correlation coefficient showed, in the trained panel with 21 tasters, 5 changed the wine position in the ranking. In the non-trained panel this change was observed in 10 out of 22 tasters. These results suggest that the variability of responses in each panel by not showing the effect of food on wine ranking, did not reveal individual preferences
N/A
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BASELICE, ANTONIO. "EU consumers' perception of fresh-cut fruit and vegetables attributes: a choice experiment model". Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/338363.

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Abstract: This thesis aims to study consumers’ perception in relation to fresh-cut fruit and vegetables consumption. In the first part of the work, the main features of the European freshcut fruit and vegetables market are discussed, paying more focus on the Italian demand of fruit and vegetables. The middle part is mainly represented by a systematic review of the literature investigating factors affecting the food choice decisions of adults in relation to fruit and vegetable consumption, with more emphasis to fresh-cut produces. Finally, there is the experimental part, in which European consumers’ preferences of fresh-cut fruit and vegetables are investigated through an econometric analysis. The fresh-cut sector is constantly evolving and innovating in order to enhance quality and safety of products, which attributes are generally valued by consumers. Quality and safety are multifaceted attributes because they arise from a wide set of methods/technologies, therefore the knowledge about consumers’ preferences for food technologies is still matter of debate. The main objective of this thesis it to test whether new fresh-cut fruit and vegetables attributes influence consumers’ choices and preferences. At the same time, we are able to verify the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on consumers’ preferences. A Latent Class Multinomial Logit Model has been fitted for almost 1.500 consumers of four different European countries: Greece, Italy, Spain and United Kingdom, in order to divide the consumers in different latent classes based on their choice and their characteristics. Fresh-cut F&V consumers for the four European countries, have a similar behavior in terms of preferences. We can divide the consumers in two different latent classes: the first made by consumers that do not appreciate any fresh-cut F&V attributes, and the second that include consumers that appreciate the several fresh-cut F&V attributes. Even if the cross-country comparison of consumers’ preferences has not produced substantial differences across the different countries, socio-demographic characteristics influence the perception of consumers about the consumption of fresh-cut fruit and vegetables.
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Książki na temat "PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS"

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Cherchye, Laurens. The revealed preference approach to collective consumption behavior: Testing, recovery and welfare analysis. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2007.

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McEwan, J. A. Preference mapping: A review. Chipping Campden: Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association, 1998.

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McEwan, J. A. Preference mapping: Case studies. Chipping Campden: Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association, 1998.

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McEwan, J. A. Cluster analysis and preference mapping. Chipping Campden: Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association, 1998.

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Aleskerov, F. T. Utility Maximization, Choice and Preference. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2007.

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Safra, Svi. Preference reversals and nonexpected utility behavior. Toronto: Dept. of Economics, Institute for Policy Analysis, University of Toronto, 1988.

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Joro, Tarja. Incorporating preference information in date envelopment analysis. Helsinki: School of Economics and Business Administration, 2000.

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Preference, value, choice, and welfare. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Canada. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans. Economic and Commercial Analysis Directorate. United States lobster market consumer preference study. Ottawa: Market Analysis Group, Economic and Commercial Analysis Directorate, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 1990.

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L, Scarpaci Joseph, red. Marketing without advertising: Brand preference and consumer choice in Cuba. New York: Routledge, 2012.

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Części książek na temat "PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS"

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Machado, Sivanilza Teixeira, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, João Gilberto Mendes dos Reis i Oduvaldo Vendrametto. "Brazilian Consumers’ Preference towards Pork". W Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications, 54–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44736-9_7.

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Takemura, Kazuhisa. "Consumers’ Preference Construction, Affects, and Neuroscientific Research: Research on Consumer’s Preference and Neuromarketing". W Foundations of Economic Psychology, 239–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9049-4_8.

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Hambalah, Febrina, i Herman. "Online Grocery Shopping and Covid-19". W Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 825–31. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_103.

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AbstractOnline grocery shopping was intended to ease busy consumers who could not go to the store due to tight schedules. However, when the Covid-19 hit, this shopping channel saw a surge in Indonesian consumers’ interest in its lesser contact factor. There were also business entities specifically built up to cater Indonesian consumers on this platform. This paper aims to describe the Indonesian consumers’ behavior changes towards online grocery shopping through a literature review. The results show that Indonesian consumers had adjusted to changes after the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, online grocery shopping will likely stay in the Indonesian consumer’s preference for shopping. The paper also provides substantial managerial implications.
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Goram, Mandy, Tobias Dehling, Felix Morsbach i Ali Sunyaev. "Human-Centered Design for Data-Sparse Tailored Privacy Information Provision". W Human Factors in Privacy Research, 283–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28643-8_14.

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AbstractOne way to reduce privacy risks for consumers when using the internet is to inform them better about the privacy practices they will encounter. Tailored privacy information provision could outperform the current practice where information system providers do not much more than posting unwieldy privacy notices. Paradoxically, this would require additional collection of data about consumers’ privacy preferences—which constitute themselves sensitive information so that sharing them may expose consumers to additional privacy risks. This chapter presents insights on how this paradoxical interplay can be outmaneuvered. We discuss different approaches for privacy preference elicitation, the data required, and how to best protect the sensitive data inevitably to be shared with technical privacy-preserving mechanisms. The key takeaway of this chapter is that we should put more thought into what we are building and using our systems for to allow for privacy through human-centered design instead of static, predefined solutions which do not meet consumer needs.
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Chen, Annie, i Norman Peng. "Young Chinese Consumers’ Luxury Hotel Preference and Purchase Intention". W Looking Forward, Looking Back: Drawing on the Past to Shape the Future of Marketing, 77–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24184-5_18.

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Nguyen, Bang, T. C. Melewar i Don E. Schultz. "Impact of Cultural Factors on Indian Consumers' Brand Preference". W Asia Branding, 17–29. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-48996-8_2.

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Feng, Shan, i Yi Liao. "Effects of Product Assortment on Consumers’ Brand Preference in Retailing". W Proceedings of the 2008 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10963-3_64.

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Fabbris, Luigi, i Alfonso Piscitelli. "Wine preferences based on intrinsic attributes: A tasting experiment in Alto Adige/Südtirol province". W Proceedings e report, 129–34. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.26.

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Different methods have been developed by researchers in modelling wine consumers purchase behaviour. The quality of a food product is described by a set of characteristics ascribable to the intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes (Olson and Jacoby, 1972). Price, brand, region of origin, grapes and gained awards are the key extrinsic attributes and physical characteristics of the wine such as taste and flavour are intrinsic attributes. This paper addresses the problem of measuring the intrinsic attributes that characterise the wine, based on specific characteristics and the impact on consumers in terms of preferences. To this end, a fractional factorial experiment held on a selection of white wines of the Alto Adige/Südtirol province in Italy. The sensorial experiment involved a voluntary sample of 33 mild wine consumers and concerned 6 grape varieties typical of that territory. For each variety, two producing cellars were selected for a total of 12 evaluated wines. The experiment followed a double-blind administration procedure to the sample and a paper questionnaire was used to elicit the consumers’ opinions on the tasted wines. The results show that intrinsic attributes, such as taste-olfactory intensity, harmony and olfactory complexity, are the drivers used in combination by consumers to rank wines in order of preference.
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Ingram, Linda J., Susan L. Slocum i Klára Tarkó. "Introduction: women as producers and consumers of leisure." W Women, leisure and tourism: self-actualization and empowerment through the production and consumption of experience, 1–12. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247985.0001.

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Abstract This chapter introduces the concepts discussed in the volume. It offers an opportunity to expand research and examine the intersectionality of women, leisure, and tourism from the vantage point of under-represented communities in an effort to broaden our understanding of leisure, gender, power, and inequality. The underlying aspect of all of the chapters is that leisure is an individual endeavour based on personal preference, taste, need, and circumstance. It is recognized that it is within the constraints of gendered experiences that women approach and understand their roles as producers and consumers of leisure.
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Song, Xuejie, Jing Liang, Nianyu Zou, Tiantian Li, Aibo Wang i Caiyin Wang. "Analysis of Consumers’ Emotional Preference for Color Reproduction on Mobile Phone Screens". W Innovative Technologies for Printing and Packaging, 15–23. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9024-3_3.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS"

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Ohshima, Kentarou, i Hideki Aoyama. "Design Emerging System by Applying Consumer’s Preference to Designer’s Idea". W ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28199.

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In recent years, aesthetic design is given increasing importance in the development of products industry with the growing maturity of product functions. The designer is required to reflect consumer needs in the aesthetic design while giving consideration to use and function. Effective techniques enabling design creation based on consumer preference and needs are indispensable. This study thus aims to construct a design support system which can identify various consumer needs and provide ideas to the designer at an early stage in the design process. In the identification of the consumer preferences, it is necessary to also expose vague consumer preferences. The design support system thus also aims to reduce burden on the consumers during consumer survey and expose consumer preference by using the genetic algorithm (a type of Interactive Evolutionary Computing) for the extraction of consumer preference. The authors also propose the use of rough sets and decision rules for analyzing the acquired consumer preference data specifically and effectively, and formulate consumer preference rules. Furthermore, the constructed system is able to generate multiple design solutions automatically by reflecting the consumer preference rules in design solutions created by the designer, and display the generated solutions to the designer.
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Dunbar, Samuel, i Scott Ferguson. "The Impact of Consumer Preference Distributions on Dynamic Electricity Pricing for Residential Demand Response". W ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98219.

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Abstract Demand Response (DR) is the adjustment of consumer electricity demand through the deployment of one or more strategies, e.g. direct load control, policy implementation, dynamic pricing, or other economic incentives. Widespread implementation of DR is a promising solution for addressing energy challenges such as the integration of intermittent renewable energy resources, reducing capacity cost, and improving grid reliability. Understanding residential consumer preferences for shifting product usage and how these preferences are distributed amongst a population are key to predicting the effectiveness of different DR strategies. In addition, there is a need for a better understanding of how different DR programs, system level objectives, and preference distributions will impact different segments of consumers within a population. Specifically, the impacts on their product use behavior and electricity bill. To address this challenge, a product based approach to modeling consumer decisions about altering their electricity consumption is proposed, which links consumer value to their products, instead of directly to the amount of electricity they consume. This model is then used to demonstrate how population level preference distributions for altering product use impact system level objectives.
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Jibril, Abdul Bashiru, Michael Adu Kwarteng i Miloslava Chovancova. "A demographic analysis of consumers’ preference for green products". W Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.044.

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Purpose – the aim of this research is to understand and present the outcomes of the strength of association between consumers and the use of the green (herbal) product from a demographic viewpoint. By extension, it measures the magnitude of dependents among demographic factors influencing the use of the green product in a developing country. Research methodology – to evaluate consumer’s demographics on the use of the green (herbal) product, 207 participants took part in the survey through a structured questionnaire. Data were obtained from users of green products (specifically herbs) in Ghana. A nonparametric test precisely chi-square test (x2) and Spearman's correlation rs were employed for our empirical analysis. Findings – the paper indicated the youthful population as the highest number of users of the green product in the herbal market. Results from the nonparametric test (Spearman’s rho) revealed that demographic factors (gender, age, education, and occupation) have an inverse relationship on the use of the green product. Whiles the chi-square test also discloses insignificant relationships among the observed attributes. This suggests that there is no empirical evidence to support the claim that use of green product depends on demographic factors of consumers. Research limitations – the limitation of this study considered the research scope, taking into account a smaller sample size for the study hence, future researchers should expand the sample size as well the other demographic variables necessary for a similar study. Practical implications – the practical implication of this study gives insights to practitioners and marketers in the herbal industry on how best they can progress in their quest to sustain in the business. Originality/Value – the present study aided in widening the scope of consumer behaviour towards the green product in the marketing discipline taken into consideration the widespread competition in the business nowadays especially in the herbal (green product) market
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Yoshida, Keisuke, Masaki Inoue i Takeshi Hatanaka. "Community Energy Management Reflecting Consumers' Preferences: Preference-Independent Control System Design". W 2019 18th European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2019.8795928.

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Lin, Pei-Ju, i Jun-Yu Yang. "Customer Preference of Recycled Plastic Products". W 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001770.

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The circular economy of recycled plastics is gradually emerging. Its objective is to reduce the production of new plastics, design products with recycled plastics according to the thermoplastic characteristics of plastics, classify, wash, dry, finely shred, and then melt and remanufacture waste plastics to reshape the appearance and function of products. In this study, consumers’ acceptance, cognition, and preference for recycled plastic products were explored based on the image these products carry. A total of 11 commercially available recycled plastic products were collected, which were respectively made of propylene (PP), high/low-density polyethylene (HDPE/LDPE), and poly (ethylene glycol-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) (PETG), and shaped by the injection moulding machine, compressor, tablet press, and 3D printing. These adjectives were used for the survey of 100 subjects for their evaluation of recycled plastic products. The consumers’ preference for the material of the recycled plastic products is in the order of HDPE/LDPE > PETG > PP. In addition, the evaluation of those using moulds in the manufacturing process is high, which can achieve a better product image and win consumer preferences. In the sample products of this study, a recycled watch strap is made of LDPE material using the injection moulding machine.
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Gu Lixia, Wang Junling i Peng Jing. "Market positioning based on consumers' brand preference". W 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5920419.

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Goucher-Lambert, Kosa, Jarrod Moss i Jonathan Cagan. "Using Neuroimaging to Understand Moral Product Preference Judgments Involving Sustainability". W ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59406.

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Trying to decide whether to purchase or use a sustainable product often puts decision makers in a difficult situation, especially if the more sustainable option provides less desirable features, or costs a premium. These decisions are moral choice scenarios, where benefit to society is weighed against personal gain. Here, it is common for individuals to visualize themselves, and the way that they will be perceived, by choosing whether or not to act sustainably. From an engineering design perspective, trying to model user preferences in this context can be extremely difficult. While several methods exist to assist researchers in eliciting consumer preferences, the vast majority rely on input from the potential consumers themselves. More critically, these methods do not afford researchers the ability to truly understand what someone may be feeling or thinking while these preference judgments are being made. In this work, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to investigate the neural processes behind multi-attribute product preference judgments. In particular, this work centers on uncovering unique features of sustainable preference judgments; preference judgments which involve products for which the environmental impact is a known quantity. This work builds upon earlier work, which investigated how preference judgments were altered in the context of sustainability. A deeper look at participant decision-making at the time of judgment is examined using neuroimaging with the goal of providing actionable insights for designers and product developers.
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Smolík, Josef. "Lokální, regionální nebo zahraniční? Preference potravin obyvatel Jihomoravského kraje". W XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-29.

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The article deals with the research of food preferences among the inhabitants of the South Moravian Region. The text focuses on attitudes research, examining whether respondents prefer local or regional food when buying. Research also provides information of regional food labeling. The aim of the text is to present theoretical knowledge about the labeling of regional foods on the basis of relevant literature, and also to find out whether consumers are inspired by this information or whether these are key information when buying them. The data are also based on a questionnaire survey conducted from February and March 2022. The main results of the text can be considered the presentation of particular brands for regional foods, as well as finding out the preferences of consumers in the South Moravian Region. Food labeling can influence consumer behavior and food selection when shopping. However, the question is whether consumers know, use and are influenced by the labeling system. This text tried to answer these research questions. The results of the sociological survey can be seen as a contribution to the debate on the promotion of regional foods. The main finding is the increase of online shopping during the Covid-19 pandemic. It can be expected that the issue of regional foods will continue to develop dynamically in the coming years, also with regard to discussions concerning food self-sufficiency.
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Yang, Yingkui, Wolfgang Haider i Hans Stubbe Solgaard. "Accounting for preference heterogeneity among residential energy consumers". W 2013 10th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2013.6607335.

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Tsetsgee, Bayasgalan. "Model of preference of consumers on the tourist market". W 2007 International Forum on Strategic Technology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2007.4798597.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "PREFERENCE OF CONSUMERS"

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Lee, Jaeha, i Minhthu Jill Nguyen. Influences on Vietnamese Consumers’ Preference for US Clothing Brands. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-938.

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Hertel, Thomas, i Padma Swaminathan. Introducing Monopolistic Competition into the GTAP Model. GTAP Technical Paper, wrzesień 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.tp06.

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This technical paper documents one approach to incorporating monopolistic competition into the GTAP model. In this framework, consumer preferences are heterogeneous, leading to an apparent "love of variety" in the aggregate utility function for each region. The more heterogeneous are preferences, the smaller the elasticity of substitution in the aggregate utility function, and the greater the value placed on the addition of new varieties. The same is true for firms, which experience lower unit costs for differentiated, intermediate inputs, as the number of varieties on offer increases. In order to meet the diverse needs of consumers, firms differentiate their products through research and development (R&D) as well as advertising activities. These costs are assumed to be invariant to the total volume of sales for a given variety of product. With production occurring at constant returns to scale, this gives rise to declining average total costs. A zero profits equilibrium in this model is characterized by firms marking up their price over marginal costs by an amount sufficient to cover the fixed costs associated with establishing a new variety in the marketplace. Since the optimal markup is itself determined by the elasticity of substitution among varieties, this establishes a direct relationship between fixed costs and the degree of preference heterogeneity. The main differences between the monopolistically competitive sectors and the traditional GTAP sectors may be summarized as follows: We introduce two new variables: n, the number of firms in the industry and qof, the output per firm. Minimum expenditure and unit costs are declining in n. Average total costs are declining in output per firm. Unlike the Armington specification, foreign and domestic firms compete directly in the representative consumer's utility function. We illustrate this framework with a 2 commodity/3 region example in which we eliminate US antidumping duti
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Just, David, i Amir Heiman. Building local brand for fresh fruits and vegetables: A strategic approach aimed at strengthening the local agricultural sector. United States Department of Agriculture, styczeń 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600039.bard.

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Abstract The debate about whether to reduce import barriers on fresh produce in order to decrease the cost of living and increase welfare or to continue protecting the local agricultural sector by imposing import duties on fresh vegetables and fruits has been part of the Israeli and the US political dialog. The alternative of building a strong local brand that will direct patriotic feelings to support of the agricultural sector has been previously discussed in the literature as a non-tax barrier to global competition. The motivation of consumers to pay more for local fresh fruits and vegetables are better quality, environmental concerns, altruism, and ethnocentrism. Local patriotic feelings are expected to be stronger among national-religious consumers and weaker among secular left wing voters. This project empirically analyzes consumers’ attitude toward local agricultural production, perceptions of the contribution of the agricultural sector to society and how these perceptions interact with patriotic beliefs and socio-political variables perhaps producing an ethnocentric preference for fruits and vegetables. This patriotic feeling may be contrasted with feelings toward rival (or even politically opposing) countries competing in the same markets. Thus geo-political landscape may help shape the consumer’s preferences and willingness to purchase particular products. Our empirical analysis is based on two surveys, one conducted among Israeli shoppers and one conducted among US households. We find strong influences of nationalism, patriotism and ethnocentrism on demand for produce in both samples. In the case of Israel this manifests itself as a significant discount demanded for countries in conflict with Israel (e.g., Syria or Palestine), with the discount demanded being related to the strength of the conflict. Moreover, the effect is larger for those who are either more religious, or those who identify with right leaning political parties. The results from the US are strikingly similar. For some countries the perception of conflict is dependent on political views (e.g., Mexico), while for others there is a more agreement (e.g., Russia). Despite a substantially different religious and political landscape, both right leaning political views and religiosity play strong roles in demand for foreign produce.
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Cho, Siwon. Influences of Fashion Leadership, Preference for Exploratory Behavior, and Need for Cognition on Consumers’ Use of Internal Information and Tolerance for Risk-Taking. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-924.

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Choinière-Crèvecoeur, Ismael, i Pierre-Carl Michaud. Reverse Mortgages and Financial Literacy. CIRANO, luty 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/wged7282.

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Few retirees use reverse mortgages. In this paper, we investigate how financial literacy and prior knowledge of the product influence take-up by conducting a stated-preference experiment. We exogenously manipulate characteristics of reverse mortgages to tease out how consumers value them and investigate differences by financial literacy and prior knowledge of reverse mortgages. We find that those with higher financial knowledge are more likely to know about reverse mortgages, not more likely to purchase them at any cost but are more sensitive to the interest rate and the insurance value of these products in terms of the non-negative equity guarantee.
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Bradford, David, Charles Courtemanche, Garth Heutel, Patrick McAlvanah i Christopher Ruhm. Time Preferences and Consumer Behavior. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, lipiec 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20320.

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McMullen, Larry K. Consumer Preference, Attitude, and Acceptance of Pork. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, styczeń 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-80.

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Top, Jan, Mariëlle Timmer i Lorijn van Rooijen. Consumer preference attributes for alternative food products. Wageningen: Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/587331.

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Bronnenberg, Bart, i Jean-Pierre Dubé. The Formation of Consumer Brand Preferences. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, wrzesień 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22691.

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Shephard, Arlesa, Sanjukta Pookulangara, Tammy Kinley i Bharath Josiam. Comparing shopping channel preferences: Hispanic and Caucasian consumers. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-525.

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