Książki: „Predictors of outcome”

1

Hanson, R. Karl. Long-term follow-up of child molesters: Risk predictors and treatment outcome. Ottawa, Ont: Ministry Secretariat, Solicitor General Canada, 1992.

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Grossi, Marcio Lima. Neuropsychological deficits as predictors of treatment outcome in patients with temporomandibular disorders. [Toronto: University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry], 1998.

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Hausman, Nicole. Follicular growth and serum estradiol concentration as predictors of in vitro fertilization outcome. [New Haven, Conn: s.n.], 1994.

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Downes-Grainger, Elin Clare. Predictors of the change in physical, functional and psychiatric outcome of somatised mental illness. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1997.

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Costa, D. Da. A prospective study of psychosocial predictors of reproductive outcome in younger and older pregnant women. Montréal, Québec: Sexuality and Reproductive Health Lab, Dept. of Psychology, Concordia University, 1995.

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Lewin, Linda Orkin. Pseudomonas cepacia colonization in systic fibrosis: Mortality, predictors of poor outcome, and effect on pulmonary function. [New Haven: s.n.], 1987.

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Fried, Guy William. Thromboembolic stroke in a young stroke population: Clinical characteristics and predictors of short-term stroke outcome. [New Haven: s.n.], 1985.

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Talley, Joseph E. The predictors of successful very brief psychotherapy: A study of differences by gender, age, and treatment variables. Springfield, Ill., U.S.A: Charles C. Thomas, 1992.

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Green, Lawrence Darren. Predictors of outcome following infrainguinal bypass for lower extremity occlusive vascular disease; a regional audit of 1272 patients at the University of Toronto. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.

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Sibling relationships in childhood and adolescence: Predictors and outcomes. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011.

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Ralston, Laureen. Motivational status as a predictor of outcome in problem drinkers. [s.l: The Author], 1996.

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Hindin, Michelle J. Intimate partner violence among couples in 10 DHS countries: Predictors and health outcomes. Calverton, MD: Macro International Inc., 2008.

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Gottman, John Mordechai. What predicts divorce?: The relationship between marital processes and marital outcomes. Hillsdale, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1994.

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14

Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt. Numbers, predictions and war: Using history to evaluate combat factors and predict the outcome of battles. Fairfax, Va: Hero Books, 1985.

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Crabb, R. J. Computing technology in the late 1980s: A CSC report of general trends in computer system technologies with predictions on their outcome inthe late 1980s. London: CSC UK Computer Sciences Company Ltd., 1985.

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KIGS/KIMS Expert Meeting on Growth and Growth Disorders (4th 1999 Taormina, Italy). Analytical methods in clinical osteology: Useful predictors of long-term outcomes or a waste of time and money? : 4th KIGS/KIMS Expert Meeting on Growth and Growth Disorders, Taormina, November 25-26, 1999. Redaktor Cowell Christopher T. 1950-. Basel, Switzerland: Karger, 2000.

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17

1948-, Lieberman Jeffrey A., i Kane John M. 1945-, red. Predictors of relapse in schizophrenia. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Press, 1986.

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18

Hechtman, Lily. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Adult Outcome and Its Predictors. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2016.

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1950-, Goodnick Paul J., red. Predictors of treatment response in mood disorders. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Press, 1996.

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Hechtman, Lily, red. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190213589.001.0001.

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The book provides a comprehensive summary of the best known and most highly respected well-controlled long-term prospective follow-up studies in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These studies followed children with ADHD and matched controls into young adulthood (mean age 20–25 years) and middle age (mean age 41 years). They explore a wide variety of clinically relevant outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional and psychiatric functioning, substance use and abuse, sexual behavior, and legal problems. One chapter focuses particularly on the outcome of girls with ADHD. The book also explores possible predictors of adult outcome. A whole chapter is devoted to treatment (medication and psychosocial) as a predictor of outcome. In addition to treatment, predictors explored include characteristics of the child (e.g., IQ, severity of initial ADHD symptoms, initial comorbidity) and characteristics of the family (e.g., socioeconomic status, single parenthood, parental pathology, and family functioning). A summary chapter explores the impact and importance of these predictors in various outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional/social functioning, antisocial behavior, substance use and abuse, and risky sexual and driving behaviors. Professionals and the general public will come away with a clear view of what can happen to children with ADHD as they proceed through adolescence and adulthood. The book also addresses important prognostic and predictive factors in treatment approaches to ensure better long-term outcome in patients with ADHD.

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Menezes, Natasja M. Tracking outcomes from first episode psychosis in Ontario: A descriptive multicentre study examining the outcomes and predictors of outcome in four first episode psychosis programs. 2006.

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Eder, Lihi. The clinical course and outcome of psoriatic arthritis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0021.

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In contrast to early reports, it is now appreciated that psoriatic arthritis (PsA) can present as a destructive, progressive, and disabling arthritis with consequences as severe as those of rheumatoid arthritis. Longitudinal cohort studies of PsA patients contributed important knowledge about long-term outcomes, such as development of structural joint damage, remission achievement, and physical function. These studies identified predictors for improved outcomes including male gender and lower burden of inflammation at presentation while delayed diagnosis, disability, and joint damage are associated with worse long-term outcomes. These findings suggest early diagnosis and aggressive control of inflammation are important as they may prevent the occurrence of subsequent joint damage. The latter is strongly correlated with long-term outcomes, such as reduced physical function and increased mortality. Development of prediction models using clinical measures, laboratory biomarkers, and imaging is warranted to stratify patients with early disease into risk groups for long-term outcomes.

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Zarb, John P. Psychosocial assessments as predictors of treatment outcome in a chronic pain population presenting to a multidisciplinary pain management centre. 2002.

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Prasad, Konasale M. Course, Prognosis, and Outcomes of Schizophrenia and Related Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0004.

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Course and outcome in schizophrenia and related disorders historically depend on diagnostic conceptualizations, with significant variability even across individuals with the exact same diagnosis. In this chapter, we will review the heterogeneity of course and outcome, providing some context in terms of factors that affect prognosis. Generally speaking, current outcomes are better than previously thought, with three-quarters of individuals having a good prognosis. Although these illnesses cannot be cured, we know that recovery is possible. The best predictors of outcome in schizophrenia are cognitive and negative symptoms (not positive symptoms), along with premorbid functioning, duration of untreated psychosis, and treatment adherence over time. Finally, we will touch on functional outcomes such as risk of violence and suicide, as well as issues around treatment discontinuation.

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Carrión, Victor G., John A. Turner i Carl F. Weems. Treatment Outcomes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190201968.003.0008.

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The phenomenology of PTSD has been established in the previous chapters to be an already broad domain that encompasses a myriad of interactions between brain systems. As our understanding of the disorder expands and yields new questions, so do the available options for treatment. The current chapter reviews the cognitive and behavioral interventions for PTSD and other anxiety disorders that have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials, as well as a variety of emerging pharmacological interventions and the preclinical literature that has informed their development. The identification of biomarkers for PTSD is discussed in terms of their potential application as both potential predictors of the development of PTSD and of the outcome of interventions designed to treat it.

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26

Fife-Schaw, Chris. Analysing categorical data. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780198527565.003.0016.

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This chapter explores the analysis of categorical data and the chi-squared test. This includes logistic regression (how it works, and goodness of fit), the importance of predictors, and cautionary notes about the use of regression analysis. The chapter also discusses the prediction of multi-category outcome variables (multinomial logistic regression, and configural frequency analysis (CFA)).

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27

Peterson, Carol, Emily M. Pisetsky i Caroline E. Haut. Self-Help and Stepped Care Treatments for Eating Disorders. Redaktorzy W. Stewart Agras i Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.19.

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This chapter provides an overview of self-help and guided self-help treatments for eating disorders as well as stepped care models for treatment delivery. Empirical evidence suggests that although guided self-help approaches may have relatively higher efficacy and retention rates than self-help treatment, data from comparison trials are inconsistent. Robust treatment predictors, moderators, and mediators have not been identified other than rapid response as a predictor of outcome for cognitive-behavioral guided self-help, which may be useful in informing stepped care treatment. Stepped care models have received some empirical support and, in addition to potentially reducing treatment costs, may enhance efficacy by providing individuals who are not responsive to initial treatments with alternative or adjunctive interventions. Research using adaptive and tailored designs for treatment is needed to improve treatment efficacy and dissemination. Further research is needed in cost-efficacy, implementation, clinician training models, and patient preferences and acceptability.

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Abramowitz, Jonathan S., Steven Taylor i Dean McKay. Exposure-Based Treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Redaktor Gail Steketee. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0071.

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Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is one of the oldest and most effective treatments for obsessive compulsive disorder. The present chapter describes the empirical foundations, development, delivery, and latest research on ERP. Commonly used methods and procedural variants of ERP are described, along with findings concerning the underlying mechanisms of action. The efficacy of ERP in relation to other treatments is discussed, in addition to research on the long-term effects of ERP and its effects in non-research settings. Pretreatment predictors of the outcome of treatments using ERP are also considered. Efforts to improve treatment outcome are discussed, including research into the benefits of combining ERP with other psychosocial interventions such as cognitive therapy, or with particular medications. The chapter concludes by considering important future research directions for improving the outcome of treatment packages that include ERP.

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Cherkasova, Mariya V., Gabrielle Weiss i Lily Hechtman. Adolescent and Adult Outcomes of Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190213589.003.0002.

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The Montreal study was the first to conduct a long-term follow-up for children with ADHD into adolescence and adulthood. Contrary to the conventional belief at the time, the study found that the children did not generally outgrow ADHD as they entered adolescence. Many continued to have symptoms of the disorder and to show functional impairments, such as academic underachievement, employment instability, antisocial behavior, and increased rates of psychiatric comorbidity. Outcomes in adulthood fell into three general categories: (1) ~30% had fairly normal functioning; (2) ~60% had continuing problems with ADHD symptoms, as well as work, family, interpersonal, social, and emotional difficulties; (3) ~10% had serious psychiatric and antisocial pathology, problematic substance use, and criminality. Outcome predictors were identified, including personal characteristics (e.g., symptom severity, IQ), family characteristics (e.g., parenting styles), and social context (e.g., peer relationships).

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LaFrance, W. Curt, i Laura H. Goldstein. Evidence-Based Treatments. Redaktorzy Barbara A. Dworetzky i Gaston C. Baslet. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190265045.003.0014.

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Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) have been in the medical literature for centuries. However, treatments were limited, being based on uncontrolled data, until the past decade. Treatment advances published since 2010 have included pilot controlled trials using psychotherapies, psychoeducational approaches, medications, and combined pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches that provide new treatment options for patients with PNES. This chapter describes these controlled trials in detail. It also covers studies of treatments for other functional neurological disorders including PNES. One conclusion from this review is that future studies still need to improve on as-yet limited sample sizes and provide insights into predictors of treatment outcome so that rational decisions can be made about which treatments offer the best outcome and who is likely to best respond to which treatment.

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Owens, Elizabeth B., Christine A. Zalecki i Stephen P. Hinshaw. The Berkeley Girls with ADHD Longitudinal Study. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190213589.003.0007.

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We describe the initiation and evolution of the Berkeley Girls with ADHD Longitudinal Study, an ongoing prospective, longitudinal study of 140 girls diagnosed with ADHD when they were children during the late 1990s, as well as 88 matched comparison girls. Study rationale, design, procedures, recruitment strategy, and measures are described in detail. Primary psychosocial and neuropsychological findings during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood are summarized. Our initial findings regarding predictors of outcome are presented. Results are discussed in light of the existing literature regarding long-term outcome among children with ADHD. Overall, during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, in almost every psychosocial and neuropsychological domain we investigated, females with ADHD show sizable disadvantages and deficits relative to females without ADHD. Our findings affirm the public health significance of ADHD in girls, given the likelihood of persisting symptoms and (especially) impairment in crucial domains over the long-term.

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Harper, Lorraine, i David Jayne. The patient with vasculitis. Redaktor Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0160.

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The goals of treatment in renal vasculitis are to stop vasculitic activity and recover renal function. Subsequent strategies are required to prevent vasculitis returning and to address longer-term co-morbidities caused by tissue damage, drug toxicity, and increased cardiovascular and malignancy risk.Cyclophosphamide and high-dose glucocorticoids remain the standard induction therapy with alternative immunosuppressives, such as azathioprine, to prevent relapse. Plasma exchange improves renal recovery in severe presentations. Refractory disease resulting from a failure of induction or remission maintenance therapy requires alternative agents and rituximab has been particularly effective. Replacement of cyclophosphamide by rituximab for remission induction is supported by recent evidence. Methotrexate is effective in non-renal vasculitis but difficult to use in patients with renal impairment. Mycophenolate mofetil seems to be effective but there is less long-term evidence.Drug toxicity contributes to co-morbidity and mortality and has led to newer regimens with reduced cyclophosphamide exposure. Glucocorticoid toxicity remains a major problem with controversy over the rapidity with which glucocorticoids can be reduced or withdrawn.Disease relapse occurs in about 50% of patients. Early detection is less likely to lead to an adverse affect on outcomes. Rates of cardiovascular disease and malignancy are higher than in control populations but strategies to reduce their risk, apart from cyclophosphamide-sparing regimens, have not been developed. Thromboembolic events occur in 10% and may be linked to the recently identified autoantibodies to plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator.Renal impairment at diagnosis is a strong predictor of patient survival and renal outcome. Other predictors include patient age, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody subtype, disease extent and response to therapy. Chronic kidney disease can stabilize for many years but the risks of end-stage renal disease are increased by acute kidney injury at presentation or renal relapse. Renal transplantation is successful with similar outcomes to other causes of end-stage renal disease.

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33

Christopher, Silssby John. Parental predictors of behavioral outcomes for children. 2000.

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Byrne, Majella, Suzanne Jolley i Emmanuelle Peters. Cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0011.

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This chapter outlines current cognitive behaviour therapy approaches for positive psychotic symptoms and their theoretical underpinnings. The difficulties of translating research into frontline practice are examined, with recommendations for effective implementation. Evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is reviewed, identifying challenges in the design, conduct, and interpretation of evaluations. New developments are highlighted, including specific interventions designed to target single psychological processes hypothesized to cause or maintain distressing psychotic symptoms. The current evidence for CBTp specifically for those with persisting and distressing positive symptoms of psychosis, who either do not respond to medication or have chosen not to take medication, is outlined. Finally, predictors of good outcome in CBTp are presented.

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35

Helgason, T. Depressive Illness: Predictions of Course and Outcome. Springer, 1988.

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Lorenzano, Svetlana, i Danilo Toni. Acute treatment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722366.003.0014.

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Young adults may benefit from intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator and the treatment is safe. Several important outcome predictors have been identified and can be used for an optimal selection of eligible patients. Intravenous thrombolysis should not be denied a priori in patients with stroke due to craniocervical artery dissection or illicit drug use, or young menstruating/pregnant women. It is recommended to discuss treatment risks and benefits and decisions should be made on an individual basis. Young patients may benefit from endovascular treatment despite larger infarcts. In case of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, decompressive hemicraniectomy should be considered. Due to under-representation of young patients in past randomized controlled trials, analyses from these trials and prospective studies on this age group are needed.

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Whittal, Maureen L., i Melisa Robichaud. Cognitive Treatment for OCD. Redaktor Gail Steketee. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0076.

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The cornerstone of cognitive treatment (CT) for OCD is based upon the knowledge that unwanted intrusions are essentially a universal experience. As such, it is not the presence of the intrusion that is problematic but rather the associated meaning or interpretation. Treatment is flexible, depending upon the nature of the appraisals and beliefs, but can include strategies focused on inflated responsibility and overestimation of threat, importance and control of thoughts, and the need for perfectionism and certainty. The role of concealment and the relationship to personal values are important maintaining and etiological factors. The short-term and long-term treatment outcome is reviewed, along with predictors of treatment response and mechanisms of action, and the chapter concludes with future directions regarding CT for OCD.

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38

Bradley, Abel. Trait and State Anxiety: Assessment, Predictors and Outcomes. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2016.

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39

Hepner, Kimberly, Carol Roth, Eric Pedersen, Sujeong Park i Claude Setodji. Improving Behavioral Health Treatment Outcomes for U.S. Army Personnel: Predictors of Treatment Outcomes. RAND Corporation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/rb10068.

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Rosenhek, Raphael, Robert Feneck i Fabio Guarracino. Aortic valve disease. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0014.

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Echocardiography is the gold standard for the assessment of patients with aortic valve (AoV) disease. It allows a detailed morphological assessment of the AoV and thereby makes determination of the aetiology possible. In general, the quantification of aortic stenosis is based on the measurement of transaortic jet velocities and the calculation of AoV area, thus combining a flow-dependent and a flow-independent variable. In the setting of low-flow low-gradient AS, dobutamine echocardiography is of particular diagnostic and prognostic importance. The quantification of aortic regurgitation is based on qualitative and quantitative parameters. Awareness of potential pitfalls is fundamental. Haemodynamic consequences of AoV disease on left ventricular size, hypertrophy, and function as well as potentially coexisting valve lesions can be assessed simultaneously. In patients with AoV disease, predictors of outcome and indications for surgery are substantially defined by echocardiography.

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41

Pearson, Erika. Acute Kidney Injury: Detection, Predictors and Long-Term Outcomes. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2016.

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Riley, Richard D., Danielle van der Windt, Peter Croft i Karel G. M. Moons, red. Prognosis Research in Health Care. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796619.001.0001.

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What is going to happen to me, doctor?’ ‘What outcomes am I likely to experience?’ ‘Will this treatment work for me?’ Prognosis—forecasting the future—has always been a part of medical practice and caring for the sick. In modern healthcare it now has a new importance, with large financial investments being made to personalize clinical decisions and tailor treatment strategies to improve individual health outcomes based on prognostic information. Prognosis research—the study of future outcomes in people with a particular health condition—provides the critical evidence for obtaining, evaluating, and implementing prognostic information within modern healthcare. This new book, written and edited by experts in the field, including clinicians, epidemiologists, statisticians, and other healthcare professionals, is a comprehensive and unified account of prognosis research in the broadest sense. It explains the concepts behind prognosis in medical practice and prognosis research, and provides a practical foundation for those developing, conducting, interpreting, synthesizing, and appraising prognosis studies. It recommends a framework of four basic prognosis research types, pioneered by the PROGRESS group, and provides explicit guidance on the conduct, analysis, and reporting of prognosis studies for each type. Key topics are overall prognosis in clinically relevant populations; prognostic factors associated with changes in prognosis across individuals; prognostic models for individual outcome risk prediction; and predictors of treatment effects. Examples are given of the impact of prognosis research across a broad range of healthcare topics, and the book also signals the latest developments in prognosis research, including systematic reviews and meta-analysis of prognosis studies, and the use of electronic health records and machine learning in prognosis research.

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Srisawat, Nattachai, i John A. Kellum. Promoting renal recovery in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0379.

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Better understanding the process of renal recovery following acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the key steps in improving AKI outcome. We are still lacking the standard definition of renal recovery. Recent progress on the pathophysiology of renal injury and recovery is encouraging. Repopulation of surviving renal tubular epithelial cells with the assistance of certain renal epithelial cell and specific growth factors, play a major role in the recovery process. Moreover, accurate prediction would help physicians distinguish patients with poor renal prognosis in whom further therapy is likely to be futile from those who are likely to have good renal prognosis. Unfortunately, current general clinical severity scores (APACHE, SOFA, etc.) and AKI-specific severity scores are not good predictors of renal recovery. This review describes the current definition, pathobiology of renal recovery, epidemiology of renal recovery, the role of clinical severity scores, and novel biomarkers in predicting renal recovery, and strategies for facilitating renal recovery.

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Cesarotti, Evelyn Osborn. PREDICTORS, INTERVENTIONS, AND OUTCOMES: RISK REDUCTION FOR HYPERTENSION IN AFRICAN-AMERICANS. 1992.

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Miksza, Peter, i Kenneth Elpus. Regression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391905.003.0010.

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This chapter presents the logic and technique of analyzing data using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. Regression is a remarkably versatile statistical procedure that can be used not only to understand whether or not variables are related to each other (as in correlation) but also for providing estimates of the direction of the relationship and of the degree to which the variables are related. Beginning with a simple bivariate case analyzing a single predictor on a single outcome, the flexibility and ability for regression to analyze increasingly complex data, including binary outcomes, is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the ability of regression to be used to estimate the effect of a predictor on an outcome while statistically “controlling” for the values of other observed variables.

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Thompson, Elizabeth Jean. Family, child and program predictors of early intervention outcomes with handicapped infants. 1993.

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Ormer, Eileen Alice Van. Developmental status as a predictor of outcomes in a vocational rehabilitation. 2000.

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Frank, Arsenio William, i NICHD Early Child Care Research Network., red. Trajectories of physical aggression from toddlerhood to middle childhood: Predictors, correlates, and outcomes. Boston, Mass: Blackwell, 2004.

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Trajectories of physical aggression from toddlerhood to middle childhood: Predictors, correlates, and outcomes. Boston, Mass: Blackwell, 2004.

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Hepner, Kimberly, Carol Roth, Eric Pedersen, Sujeong Park i Claude Setodji. Improving Behavioral Health Care for U.S. Army Personnel: Identifying Predictors of Treatment Outcomes. RAND Corporation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/rr2829.

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