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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Pre-training status"

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Ashadi, K., D. N. Mirza i G. Siantoro. "Hydration status in adolescent runners: pre and post training". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 296 (styczeń 2018): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/296/1/012014.

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Coehoorn, Cory J., Kyle Pierce, Timothy Winter i Jesse DeMello. "Pre-Training Hydration Status in Adult Male and Female Athletes". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48 (maj 2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000485297.32179.fd.

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Belfort, Felipe Gomes, Paulo Roberto dos Santos Amorim, Carlos Enrique Silva, Cassia Farias Fernandes Gonçalves, Priscila Rita Niquini, Rafael Pires Silva i João Carlos Bouzas Marins. "FLUID BALANCE DURING TAEKWONDO TRAINING". Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 27, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220212701113775.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Dehydration has been described as one of the main factors of reduced performance in combat sports activities, leading to death in extreme cases. Objective To investigate the pre-training hydration status and changes in fluid homeostasis during two taekwondo training sessions. Methods Eighteen male college athletes (age 22.6 ± 3.37 years) were assessed. The study design aimed to reproduce the conditions of a 90-minute taekwondo training session, divided into three stages: a) warm-up exercises (20 min); b) poomsae (30 min) and c) technical training (40 min). The athletes had ad libitum water intake during training. To assess the hydration status we considered body mass (BM), the amount of liquid consumed and urine output, which enabled us to establish absolute and relative fluid loss in kg and percentage as well as the sweating rate. We also considered urine specific gravity (USG), urine color (U-COL), and subjective sensation of thirst (Sthirst) before and after the training session. Pre- and post-training results were compared separately in each session and between sessions. Results There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in pre-training BM between the two days of training. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the final BM on both days of the experiment. Most subjects had relative dehydration below 2%. A significant difference (P<0.05) was recorded pre and post training for U-COL and Sthirst, with the highest rates obtained at the end of each session. Participants always started training at a low dehydration status (USG >1,020g.ml-1). Conclusions The athletes tended to start the training sessions in dehydration status, which increases over the course of the training. Ad libitum water intake was not sufficient to balance fluid loss. Changes in fluid levels between sessions were similar. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results Level of Treatment.
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Nakhodkin, Vasiliy, Elena Khvatskaya, Natalia Ilina, Vitaly Andreev i Vladimir Andreev. "Research on the state of young hockey players’ pre-competitive psychological fitness". LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, nr 3 (11.08.2021): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-62202021731296p.283-291.

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The article presents the results of psychological research and psychologist’s work with young hockey players at two stages of pre-competition training camps for sports training for the 1st Winter Children of Asia International Sports Games (hereinafter – the 1st Winter ISG “Children of Asia”). The research involved studying the young athletes’ psychological fitness by three indicators: the status of pre-competition mental states (motivation and anxiety), autonomic balance and psychomotor control, as factors of psychological selection to a sports team and solving key problems in the content of integrated sports training. The research presents the annual cycle of young athletes’ sports training, which is timely at the stages of basic training and sports excellence.
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Kiitam, Urmo, Lilita Voitkevica, Saima Timpmann, Inese Pontaga, Jaan Ereline, Eve Unt i Vahur Ööpik. "Pre-Practice Hydration Status in Soccer (Football) Players in a Cool Environment". Medicina 54, nr 6 (5.12.2018): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina54060102.

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Background and Objectives: Only a few studies have reported the pre-practice hydration status in soccer players (SPs) who train in a cool climate. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the hydration status of male semiprofessional SPs immediately before their regular training session in winter. The secondary purpose was to compare the urinary indices of the hydration status of Estonian and Latvian SPs. Materials and Methods: Pre-training urine samples were collected from 40 Estonian (age 22.1 ± 3.4 years, soccer training experience 13.7 ± 3.9 years) and 41 Latvian (age 20.8 ± 3.4 years, soccer training experience 13.3 ± 3.0 years) SPs and analyzed for urine specific gravity (USG). The average outdoor temperature during the sample collection period (January–March) was between −5.1 °C and 0.2 °C (Estonia) and −1.9 °C and −5.0 °C (Latvia). Results: The average pre-training USG of Estonian and Latvian SPs did not differ (P = 0.464). Pooling the data of Estonian and Latvian SPs yielded a mean USG value of 1.021 ± 0.007. Hypohydration (defined as a USG ≥ 1.020) was evident altogether in fifty SPs (61.7%) and one of them had a USG value greater than 1.030. Conclusions: Estonian and Latvian SPs do not differ in respect of USG and the prevalence of pre-training hypohydration is high in this athletic cohort. These findings suggest that SPs as well as their coaches, athletic trainers, and sports physicians should be better educated to recognize the importance of maintaining euhydration during the daily training routine in wintertime and to apply appropriate measures to avoid hypohydration.
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Campenhout, Kristien Van, Laurent Chapelle, Tom Deliens, Eva D’Hondt i Peter Clarys. "The Effect of a Tailored Intervention on Female Soccer Players’ Hydration Status". Journal of Human Kinetics 78, nr 1 (1.03.2021): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0047.

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Abstract Numerous studies have reported that athletes’ pre-training/-game hydration status is of concern. Up to now, only two cohort studies have examined the effect of an intervention aimed at improving pretraining/-game hydration status; however, without including a control group. Therefore, the aim of this quasi-experimental study was to examine whether and to what extent an individually tailored intervention focused on the benefits of being optimally hydrated before training or game would alter the hydration status of female soccer players. Two teams of young adult female soccer players were allocated to an intervention (n = 22; 19.8 ± 3.0 years) or a control group (n = 15; 22.8 ± 4.0 years). Players in the intervention group received an individually tailored intervention, based on Urine Specific Gravity (USG) measurements, which took place in between two training weeks. Before each training and match play, a urine sample was collected to determine players’ hydration status. Mixed modelling was applied to assess within and between differences in hydration status over time. The pre-training/-game hydration status of the intervention group improved significantly, with players’ mean USG-value decreasing from 1.013 ± 0.001 g/mL to 1.008 ± 0.002 g/mL (p = 0.005). In contrast, the mean USG-value in the control group increased significantly from 1.012 ± 0.002 g/mL to 1.016 ± 0.002 g/mL (p = 0.023), indicating a deterioration of their pre-training/-game hydration status. The individually tailored intervention did show a positive effect even though female soccer players in the present study were already reasonably well hydrated before the start of the intervention.
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Kassim, Mohar, Norfazilawati Othman, Shahrulfadly Rustam i Edawaty Ujang. "Physical Fitness Status Among Female Reserve Officers Training Unit (ROTU).-The Pre-test." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.7 (4.07.2018): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.7.16348.

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The ROTU cadets are trained to become an officer who are always ready to defence and resilience the country from all threats. The fitness level of each female ROTU cadets can be measured more systematically and accurately by implementing the test batteries. The objective of this study is to measure the fitness level among the female ROTU cadets based on the seven test, secondly to produce the Fitness Training Manual for the female ROTU cadet and thirdly to build the physical norms based on the seven test battery among the female ROTU cadets in UPNM. The whole research will involve 3 phases, pre-test for basic data collection, (4 weeks), intervention (12 weeks) and post data collection (4 weeks). From the purposive sampling, 212 female ROTU cadets were selected as the sample of the study. The instruments for pre-data collection involved the 7 test batteries (2.4 km running, sit-up, push up, 30-meter sprint, 10-meter zigzag, sit and reach and stand long jump) and self-administered questionnaire for demographic characteristics. The results of the pre-test came out with the seven physical fitness norms among female PALAPES cadet based on their age (19, 20 & 21). In conclusion, this physical fitness norm helps in the classification of physical fitness among the female ROTU cadets in UPNM. In average, the pretest showed not more than than 30% of them have an excellent physical fitness. The results of this study and the Fitness Training Manual can be used as a reference for future scientific studies especially among ROTU cadets in Malaysia.Keywords: Norms, Physical fitness, test batteries, female, ROTU.
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Lang, Daniel M., Jan C. Peeken, Stephanie E. Combs, Jan J. Wilkens i Stefan Bartzsch. "Deep Learning Based HPV Status Prediction for Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients". Cancers 13, nr 4 (13.02.2021): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040786.

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Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as a major risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). HPV-related OPCs have been shown to be more radiosensitive and to have a reduced risk for cancer related death. Hence, the histological determination of HPV status of cancer patients depicts an essential diagnostic factor. We investigated the ability of deep learning models for imaging based HPV status detection. To overcome the problem of small medical datasets, we used a transfer learning approach. A 3D convolutional network pre-trained on sports video clips was fine-tuned, such that full 3D information in the CT images could be exploited. The video pre-trained model was able to differentiate HPV-positive from HPV-negative cases, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81 for an external test set. In comparison to a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) trained from scratch and a 2D architecture pre-trained on ImageNet, the video pre-trained model performed best. Deep learning models are capable of CT image-based HPV status determination. Video based pre-training has the ability to improve training for 3D medical data, but further studies are needed for verification.
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Jusoh, N., i S. Salim. "Association between hydration status, hydration knowledge and fluid consumption during training among soccer players". Physical education of students 23, nr 1 (25.12.2018): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2019.0104.

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Study Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between hydration status, knowledge of hydration and the amount of fluid intake consumption during training among the soccer players. Material and Methods: Pre-training hydration status was measured by urine colour chart and Urine Specific Gravity (USG). A questionnaire on hydration knowledge was answered by the participants on the last day of training session. Pearson Correlation test was used to analyse the correlation between hydration status, knowledge of hydration and total amount of fluid intake among the participants. Results: The results showed that the participants were dehydrated during the three days of training. Sixty four percent of the participants had a satisfactory knowledge of hydration. However, the results indicated that the sweat loss was higher than fluid intake during the training. Pearson test revealed there were positive correlation between USG and urine colour (r=0.809, p<0.001) as well as urine colour and fluid intake (r = .424, p<0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, the findings indicate the needs to increase awareness of pre training hydration status among the participants.
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McNarry, Melitta A., Joanne R. Welsman i Andrew M. Jones. "Influence of Training Status and Maturity on Pulmonary O2 Uptake Recovery Kinetics Following Cycle and Upper Body Exercise in Girls". Pediatric Exercise Science 24, nr 2 (maj 2012): 246–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.2.246.

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The influence of training status on pulmonary VO2 recovery kinetics, and its interaction with maturity, has not been investigated in young girls. Sixteen prepubertal (Pre: trained (T, 11.4 ± 0.7 years), 8 untrained (UT, 11.5 ± 0.6 years)) and 8 pubertal (Pub: 8T, 14.2 ± 0.7 years; 8 UT, 14.5 ± 1.3 years) girls completed repeat transitions from heavy intensity exercise to a baseline of unloaded exercise, on both an upper and lower body ergometer. The VO2 recovery time constant was significantly shorter in the trained prepubertal and pubertal girls during both cycle (Pre: T, 26 ± 4 vs. UT, 32 ± 6; Pub: T, 28 ± 2 vs. UT, 35 ± 7 s; both p < .05) and upper body exercise (Pre: T, 26 ± 4 vs. UT, 35 ± 6; Pub: T, 30 ± 4 vs. UT, 42 ± 3 s; both p < .05). No interaction was evident between training status and maturity. These results demonstrate the sensitivity of VO2 recovery kinetics to training in young girls and challenge the notion of a “maturational threshold” in the influence of training status on the physiological responses to exercise and recovery.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Pre-training status"

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Masters, Haydn, i res cand@acu edu au. "Frequency of in-season strength and power training for rugby league". Australian Catholic University. School of Human Movement, 2001. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp8.25072005.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of different in-season strength and power training frequencies to strength and power performance over the course of a 22 week rugby league competition period. Twenty-eight male (n=28) participants, with both high and low strength pre-training status, were divided into three groups following a 15 week pre-season strength and power training programme. A four week periodised in-season strength and power training programme, with intensities ranging from 75-100%, was cycled for the 22 week competition season. Strength and power training was conducted one day.week(-1) by the first high pre-training status group (HTFL, n=11), and two day.week(-1) by the second high pre-training status group (HTF2, n=9). The low pre-training status group (LTF1, n=8) performed the same strength and power training frequency and programme as HTF1. Training intensity (% 1RM) and volume (sets x repetitions) of in-season strength and power training sessions were standardised for both groups during each training week. Strength, power, and speed data were collected pre-season, and four times during the in-season period. No differences were found between HTF1 and HTF2 in performance variables throughout the 22-week in-season period. Both HTF1 and HTF2 displayed similar significant detraining effects in strength, power, and speed, regardless of in-season training frequency (p<0.05). LTF1 showed no change from pre-season strength and power performance following 22 weeks of the competition period (p<0.05). It was concluded that in-season strength and power training frequency may have a limited role in determining the success of the in-season strength and power training programme in highly trained footballers. The results of the present study suggest a number of factors other than in-season strength and power training frequency may affect in-season strength and power performance and detraining in high strength pre-training status athletes. The effect the start of a competition period has on dynamic athletic performance needs further investigation.
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Bittle, Patton Sylvia. "Employment and welfare-to-work training initiatives the effects of pre-training attitudes on job-search behavior, employment status, and job-search intended effort /". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/57.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2003.
Thesis research directed by: Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Vito, Cheryl Rita Marie. "Survival guide for preschool teachers in all disciplined areas". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/918.

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Breitenstein, Gary. "A Comparison of Texas Pre-service Teacher Education Programs in Art and the 1999 National Art Education Association's Standards for Art Teacher Preparation". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3156/.

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Texas programs in pre-service art teacher preparation vary little. Since 1970, the National Art Education Association (NAEA) has created voluntary standards in hopes of decreasing variability among programs. In 1999, the NAEA published Standards for Art Teacher Preparation, outlining 20 content areas that art pre-service programs should provide their students. To obtain information on the implementation and the extent to which these 20 standards are being implemented, a questionnaire was sent to all programs in Texas. The 20 standards were the dependent variable for the study. The four independent variables used in this ex post facto study were: the size of the institution where the program exists; the number of full-time art faculty; the number of full-time art education faculty; and, the number of undergraduate art education students who graduated last year. The 20 standards or provisions were scored on a Lickert scale with six options: zero (not taught) to five (comprehensively taught). The response size (N = 23) was 47% of the state's 49 approved programs. The results from the survey suggest no significant difference among programs. However, the results showed a significant difference in the number of provisions taught between programs with no art educators and those with 1 to 3 art educators. One art educator seemed to increase the number of pedagogical provisions taught but did not increase the extent or enhance the degree to which each provision was taught. A comprehensively taught response to the NAEA provisions on the questionnaire was further investigated through analysis of catalog course descriptions and correspondence with participants. The results are estimated in credit hours and indicate that there may be a point where time on task decides the limit that constitutes a comprehensive preparation. Perspectives on content are discussed and regarded as too subjective to define comprehensive preparation. Comprehensive time on task varies with content, which may imply an unconscious marker of time shared by educators that defines a comprehensive preparation for each provision. Changing and local standards in art pre-service programs may have produced a range of interpretations regarding the meaning of "comprehensively taught.";
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Ngake, Sebotse Salvaciah. "The status of pre-sevice integrated management of childhood illness strategy (IMCI) training in the public nursing colleges of South Africa". Thesis, 2014.

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Aim: The study aimed at describing the status of implementation of pre-service IMCI training in the public nursing colleges of South Africa as at 2010. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive survey of public nursing colleges of South Africa was conducted from May to June 2011. There are 32 public nursing colleges in South Africa, and each of the nine provinces has at least one. All 32 nursing colleges were included in the study. Study population: The study population included all nurse educators in the public nursing colleges teaching pre-service IMCI of student nurses in South Africa. Sampling: Two nurse educators teaching the IMCI strategy from each of the 32 public nursing colleges was included in the survey. Two nurse educators from each completed the questionnaire.Results: Pre-service IMCI training was introduced into the four-year basic diploma curriculum in the public nursing colleges between 2004 and 2009. Nurse educators teaching IMCI are not all trained in this strategy. Teaching methods used at these public nursing colleges include lectures, group discussions, practical and video shows. The availability of facilitators and training material are key success factors to IMCI teaching in the public nursing colleges. Constraints experienced included lack of human, material and financial resources, poor planning, and limited time for both theoretical and practical teaching due to a packed curriculum, as well as a lack of managerial support at all administrative levels. Conclusion: The success in pre-service IMCI training in the public nursing colleges depends on the availability of resources and ongoing managerial support to the nurse educators. New teaching methods and approaches, such as computerised tools, can be introduced to increase number of student nurses trained in this method. A mixed approach is recommended as it enables students to have continuous exposure to IMCI sessions throughout their years of study.
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Hawkins, Jeremy R. "Assessment of pre-fire-season physical fitness training among Bureau of Land Management wildland firefighters". 2004. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-24). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Scott, Christine T. "Survival of the fittest does performance on a pre-employment fitness test predict injury in Army initial job training? /". 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Washington, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-47). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Joshua, Jennifer Joy. "Guidelines for language teachers in assisting disadvantaged learners in the junior primary phase". Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17031.

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The Junior primary teachers have the task of catering for the needs of pupils of varying abilities in their charge. With the admission of culturally different groups of children (many of them from disadvantaged communities) to schools previously accustomed to having one cultural group, this task of catering for the needs of pupils presents a problem as teachers are not trained to deal with disadvantaged children. The aim of this study was to formulate scientifically sound guidelines according to which class teachers can plan and implement language programmes for disadvantaged learners. In order to formulate such guidelines, a theoretical investigation was undertaken on normal language development and on the effects of disadvantagement on the scholastic and language performance of the child. Various programmes available for disadvantaged learners which are being implemented in other countries were evaluated. On the basis of these findings guidelines were suggested to class teachers for planning language programmes for disadvantaged learners.
Teacher Education
M. Ed. (Orthopedagogics)
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Książki na temat "Pre-training status"

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Cianciolo, Anna T. Web-enabled training-development tool for pre-deployment and deployed training. Arlington, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2006.

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Cianciolo, Anna T. Web-enabled training-development tool for pre-deployment and deployed training. Arlington, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2006.

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Luis-Vicente, Reyes, red. Understanding ethics in early care and education: Revised code and administrator's supplement. Wyd. 3. Boston: Pearson, 2009.

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Luis-Vicente, Reyes, red. Understanding ethics in early care and education: Revised code and administrator's supplement. Wyd. 2. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Merrill/PH, 2008.

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Baptiste, Nancy E. Understanding ethics in early care and education. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill/Prentice Hall, 2005.

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Baobaid, Mohammed, Lynda Ashbourne, Abdallah Badahdah i Abir Al Jamal. Home / Publications / Pre and Post Migration Stressors and Marital Relations among Arab Refugee Families in Canada Pre and Post Migration Stressors and Marital Relations among Arab Refugee Families in Canada. Wyd. 2. Hamad Bin Khalifa University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/difi_9789927137983.

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The study is funded by Doha International Family Institute (DIFI), a member of Qatar Foundation, and is a collaboration between the Muslim Resource Centre for Social Support and Integration of London, Ontario; University of Guelph, Ontario; and University of Calgary, Alberta, all located in Canada; and the Doha International Family Institute, Qatar. The study received research ethics approval from the University of Guelph and the University of Calgary. This study aims to assess the impact of pre- and post-migration on marital relationships and family dynamics for Arab refugee families resettled in Canada. The study also examines the role of professional service providers in supporting these Arab refugee families. The unique experiences of Arab families displaced from their countries due to war and political conflict, and the various hardships experienced during their stay in transit countries, impact their family relations and interactions within the nuclear family context and their interconnectedness with their extended families. Furthermore, these families encounter various challenges within their resettlement process that interrupt their integration. Understanding the impact of traumatic experiences within the pre-migration journey as well as the impact of post-migration stressors on recently settled Arab refugee families in Canada provides insight into the shift in spousal and family relationships. Refugee research studies that focus on the impact of pre-migration trauma and displacement, the migration journey, and post-migration settlement on family relationships are scarce. Since the majority of global refugees in recent years come from Arab regions, mainly Syria, as a result of armed conflicts, this study is focused on the unique experiences of Arab refugee families fleeing conflict zones. The Canadian role in recently resettling a large influx of Arab refugees and assisting them to successfully integrate has not been without challenges. Traumatic pre-migration experiences as a result of being subjected to and/or witnessing violence, separation from and loss of family members, and loss of property and social status coupled with experiences of hardships in transit countries have a profound impact on families and their integration. Refugees are subjected to individual and collective traumatic experiences associated with cultural or ethnic disconnection, mental health struggles, and discrimination and racism. These experiences have been shown to impact family interactions. Arab refugee families have different definitions of “family” and “home” from Eurocentric conceptualizations which are grounded in individualistic worldviews. The discrepancy between collectivism and individualism is mainly recognized by collectivist newcomers as challenges in the areas of gender norms, expectations regarding parenting and the physical discipline of children, and diverse aspects of the family’s daily life. For this study, we interviewed 30 adults, all Arab refugees (14 Syrian and 16 Iraqi – 17 males, 13 females) residing in London, Ontario, Canada for a period of time ranging from six months to seven years. The study participants were married couples with and without children. During the semi-structured interviews, the participants were asked to reflect on their family life during pre-migration – in the country of origin before and during the war and in the transit country – and post-migration in Canada. The inter - views were conducted in Arabic, audio-recorded, and transcribed. We also conducted one focus group with seven service providers from diverse sectors in London, Ontario who work with Arab refugee families. The study used the underlying principles of constructivist grounded theory methodology to guide interviewing and a thematic analysis was performed. MAXQDA software was used to facilitate coding and the identification of key themes within the transcribed interviews. We also conducted a thematic analysis of the focus group transcription. The thematic analysis of the individual interviews identified four key themes: • Gender role changes influence spousal relationships; • Traumatic experiences bring suffering and resilience to family well-being; • Levels of marital conflict are higher following post-migration settlement; • Post-migration experiences challenge family values. The outcome of the thematic analysis of the service provider focus group identified three key themes: • The complex needs of newly arrived Arab refugee families; • Gaps in the services available to Arab refugee families; • Key aspects of training for cultural competencies. The key themes from the individual interviews demonstrate: (i) the dramatic sociocul - tural changes associated with migration that particularly emphasize different gender norms; (ii) the impact of trauma and the refugee experience itself on family relation - ships and personal well-being; (iii) the unique and complex aspects of the family journey; and (iv) how valued aspects of cultural and religious values and traditions are linked in complex ways for these Arab refugee families. These outcomes are consist - ent with previous studies. The study finds that women were strongly involved in supporting their spouses in every aspect of family life and tried to maintain their spouses’ tolerance towards stressors. The struggles of husbands to fulfill their roles as the providers and protec - tors throughout the migratory journey were evident. Some parents experienced role shifts that they understood to be due to the unstable conditions in which they were living but these changes were considered to be temporary. Despite the diversity of refugee family experiences, they shared some commonalities in how they experi - enced changes that were frightening for families, as well as some that enhanced safety and stability. These latter changes related to safety were welcomed by these fami - lies. Some of these families reported that they sought professional help, while others dealt with changes by becoming more distant in their marital relationship. The risk of violence increased as the result of trauma, integration stressors, and escalation in marital issues. These outcomes illustrate the importance of taking into consideration the complexity of the integration process in light of post-trauma and post-migration changes and the timespan each family needs to adjust and integrate. Moreover, these families expressed hope for a better future for their children and stated that they were willing to accept change for the sake of their children as well. At the same time, these parents voiced the significance of preserving their cultural and religious values and beliefs. The service providers identified gaps in service provision to refugee families in some key areas. These included the unpreparedness of professionals and insufficiency of the resources available for newcomer families from all levels of government. This was particularly relevant in the context of meeting the needs of the large influx of Syrian refugees who were resettled in Canada within the period of November 2015 to January 2017. Furthermore, language skills and addressing trauma needs were found to require more than one year to address. The service providers identified that a longer time span of government assistance for these families was necessary. In terms of training, the service providers pinpointed the value of learning more about culturally appropriate interventions and receiving professional development to enhance their work with refugee families. In light of these findings, we recommend an increased use of culturally integrative interventions and programs to provide both formal and informal support for families within their communities. Furthermore, future research that examines the impact of culturally-based training, cultural brokers, and various culturally integrative practices will contribute to understanding best practices. These findings with regard to refugee family relationships and experiences are exploratory in their nature and support future research that extends understanding in the area of spousal relationships, inter - generational stressors during adolescence, and parenting/gender role changes.
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Williams, Paul D. Offensive. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724544.003.0005.

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This chapter analyses the battle for Mogadishu and how AMISOM not only pushed al-Shabaab forces out of the city but also turned significant pockets of international opinion from viewing the mission as a failure to a strategic success. The chapter starts by briefly summarizing the debate about AMISOM’s authorized strength before examining how the mission prepared for the upcoming offensive campaign with reference to its pre-deployment training programmes and some of their limitations. The third section then analyses how AMISOM took control of Mogadishu via a series of operations conducted during 2011. The fourth section briefly assesses the challenges AMISOM faced in Mogadishu after al-Shabaab had withdrawn its main forces while the final section discusses the problems involved in trying to end Somalia’s transitional phase of government.
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Cox, Sue, i Nicola Thomas. Patient education and involvement in pre-dialysis management. Redaktor David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0142.

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A well-structured, patient-focused education programme is essential in the pre-dialysis setting. It is well recognized that patients with progressive chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5 need to access appropriate levels of education to ensure patient choice, preparation, and timely commencement of renal replacement therapy. This education needs to be structured to suit different learning styles, individualized in approach and provided by healthcare professionals who have appropriate training and skills. There are many barriers to learning and individuals need information at different times, in different formats, and varying levels. Assessment and individualized planning is paramount prior to any information being provided to ensure maximum benefit. Education should be provided in many formats and tailored to meet the individual’s needs. Patient involvement in education (peer education) is recommended. All education programmes should be continuously evaluated and user involvement is a must when developing and evaluating any aspect of the education programme.
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Baptiste, Nancy E., i Reyes. Understanding Ethics in Early Care and Education (Merrill Early Childhood Professional Series). Prentice Hall, 2004.

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Baptiste, Nancy E., i Luis-Vicente Reyes. Understanding Ethics in Early Care and Education: Revised Code and Administrator's Supplement (2nd Edition). Wyd. 2. Prentice Hall, 2007.

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Części książek na temat "Pre-training status"

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Yao, Wei, i Jianwei Wu. "Airborne LiDAR for Detection and Characterization of Urban Objects and Traffic Dynamics". W Urban Informatics, 367–400. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_22.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we present an advanced machine learning strategy to detect objects and characterize traffic dynamics in complex urban areas by airborne LiDAR. Both static and dynamical properties of large-scale urban areas can be characterized in a highly automatic way. First, LiDAR point clouds are colorized by co-registration with images if available. After that, all data points are grid-fitted into the raster format in order to facilitate acquiring spatial context information per-pixel or per-point. Then, various spatial-statistical and spectral features can be extracted using a cuboid volumetric neighborhood. The most important features highlighted by the feature-relevance assessment, such as LiDAR intensity, NDVI, and planarity or covariance-based features, are selected to span the feature space for the AdaBoost classifier. Classification results as labeled points or pixels are acquired based on pre-selected training data for the objects of building, tree, vehicle, and natural ground. Based on the urban classification results, traffic-related vehicle motion can further be indicated and determined by analyzing and inverting the motion artifact model pertinent to airborne LiDAR. The performance of the developed strategy towards detecting various urban objects is extensively evaluated using both public ISPRS benchmarks and peculiar experimental datasets, which were acquired across European and Canadian downtown areas. Both semantic and geometric criteria are used to assess the experimental results at both per-pixel and per-object levels. In the datasets of typical city areas requiring co-registration of imagery and LiDAR point clouds a priori, the AdaBoost classifier achieves a detection accuracy of up to 90% for buildings, up to 72% for trees, and up to 80% for natural ground, while a low and robust false-positive rate is observed for all the test sites regardless of object class to be evaluated. Both theoretical and simulated studies for performance analysis show that the velocity estimation of fast-moving vehicles is promising and accurate, whereas slow-moving ones are hard to distinguish and yet estimated with acceptable velocity accuracy. Moreover, the point density of ALS data tends to be related to system performance. The velocity can be estimated with high accuracy for nearly all possible observation geometries except for those vehicles moving in or (quasi-)along the track. By comparative performance analysis of the test sites, the performance and consistent reliability of the developed strategy for the detection and characterization of urban objects and traffic dynamics from airborne LiDAR data based on selected features was validated and achieved.
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Anand, Poonam, i Starr Ackley. "Equitable Assessment and Evaluation of Young Language Learners". W Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 84–107. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6487-5.ch005.

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This chapter discusses major contributions in research and professional assessment development and reviews key classifications in young language learner assessment (YLLA). Using the five-level metric (close, immediate, proximal, distal, and remote) by Ruiz-Primo et al., the authors classify assessments as curriculum aligned or non-aligned. Inequalities limiting access to learning and to opportunities for achievement (economic status, pre-primary education, digital environment) are linked to the five metrics. They review international examinations for YLLs (Cambridge, TOEFL, Pearson) and measure their alignment with an interactive and performative-enacted curriculum. Recommendations are given for separating external assessments as local or international in washback phenomena, for the inclusion of national assessment specialists in the research paradigm, and for greater attention to language assessment literacy in teacher training. The authors predict that increases in distance and digital learning will determine future forms of YLLA and exacerbate existing inequities.
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Begum, Masuma, Niloy Pramanick, Anirban Mukhopadhyay i Sayani Datta Majumdar. "Scenarios of the Tropical Dry Forest of Purulia District West Bengal". W Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 254–67. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0014-9.ch013.

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In this chapter, satellite images of the years 1995, 2005, and 2015 of LANDSAT have been used. After pre-processing (geometric correction and atmospheric correction using FLAASH, LULC change dynamics have been assessed to estimate the changes in total forest cover in Purulia district through an unsupervised K-means classification scheme. To evaluate the health status, vegetation indices, namely NDVI, SAVI, and CVI, have been used. The increase in NDVI, SAVI, and CVI values was inferred as no significant degradation of Purulia forest cover. Moreover, future scenarios have been predicted by implementing a CA-MARKOV model. Using the land cover map of 1995 as the base map, and from 1995 to 2005 as training data, a land cover map of 2015 has been generated which in turn validated by the actual land cover of 2015. After validation, prediction of land cover was possible for the years 2035 and 2050. The prediction suggested that forest area will increase by approximately 4% from 2015 to 2035 and by 3% from 2035 to 2050.
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Cheng, Hsiu-Jen. "A TL-TPACK Model on CSL Pre-Service Teachers' Competencies of Online Instruction". W Preparing Foreign Language Teachers for Next-Generation Education, 198–225. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0483-2.ch011.

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This chapter aims to introduce the integration of TPACK into a Chinese pre-service teacher training program and discuss its outcomes and challenges. First, the concept of TPACK was introduced and relevant TPACK research and its constraints in the previous studies were discussed. Through the partnership between a Chinese pre-service teacher training program in Taiwan and a Chinese learning program in the States, the author developed a Teaching and Learning Model, entitled TL-TPACK model, integrating practicum, course design, advisors, peer cooperation, and reflections—five training strategies to ensure the training and learning outcome. At the end of the chapter, an empirical Chinese pre-service teacher training study applying the TL-TPACK model was conducted to investigate pre- service teachers' seven TPACK competences and Chinese learners' learning performance. Finally, research implications and suggestions for future studies were discussed.
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Boughizane, Sassi, Badra Bannour, Imen Bannour, Faten Hacheni, Imen Bannour, Marwa Masmoudi, Jalel Boughizane i Sabri Youssef. "Smartphone and Surgery, Reality or Gadget?" W Medical Education for the 21st Century [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98889.

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Surgical care is an essential component of health care. This basic universal right is not available to everyone. Indeed, countries with low economic resources suffer from a lack of access to surgical care and the most developed countries will have to reduce the cost of health care to ensure the sustainability of provided care quality. New communication technologies have invaded the field of health and have led to the development of a new concept of mobile health. The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: Can these new tools, and in particular the Smartphone, remedy, even partially, the lack of health care in poor countries and reduce the cost of health care in rich countries? New communication tools, led by the Smartphone, have the capacity to capture, store, retrieve and transmit data to provide instant and personalized information to individuals. This information could be a key element in health systems and can contribute to monitoring health status and improving patient safety and care quality. Mobile telephony via applications and connected objects can facilitate the pre-, intra- and post-operative management of patients. These mobile systems also facilitate the collection and transmission of data. This will allow better analysis of this data and will greatly pave the way to the introduction of artificial intelligence in medicine and surgery. The Smartphone can be used as an important tool for both, diagnosis care and surgical training. Surgeons must adapt their equipment to local resources while respecting safety standards. Covid-19 has put health systems around the world under severe strain. Decision-makers are being forced to make adjustments. The long-vaunted digital health is becoming a reality and a necessity. Healthcare authorities and strategy specialists face challenges in terms of disease prevention and therapy, as well as in terms of health economics and management.
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Klapper, Melissa R. "Up a Steep and Very Narrow Stairway". W Ballet Class, 95–128. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908683.003.0005.

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There is wide variety among dance studios in the United States, but ballet has been fundamental to most of them over the twentieth century. Ballet teachers come from a variety of backgrounds, including both professional dance careers and many kinds of teacher training. Good ballet teachers offer a progressive sequence and think about how to interact with students in the studio, whether they are teaching purely recreational or pre-professional classes. Good training can take place in less than ideal physical facilities, though the type of flooring is particularly important. Teachers should be knowledgeable about both ballet pedagogy and the business skills necessary to run dance studios. There is no one group overseeing the quality of ballet classes or the qualifications of teachers, though dance teacher organizations have tried to provide teacher training since the early twentieth century. Dance teacher organizations have also represented their members’ legal and professional interests.
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Chan, Kan Kan. "Fostering Future Teachers' Competence in Computational Thinking in an Educational Technology Course". W Handbook of Research on Using Educational Robotics to Facilitate Student Learning, 257–73. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6717-3.ch010.

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Computational thinking is considered a necessary skill in the 21st century. However, few teacher-education programs offer training for pre-service teachers to learn how to integrate computational thinking into the classroom. Pre-service teachers need to gain the knowledge and experience of computational thinking so that they are confident about designing relevant instructions in the future. The purpose of this chapter is to show how a free elective course in the teacher education program provides learning opportunities for them to develop their computational thinking skills and knowledge through the use of tangible objects. Samples of their works were analysed at different stages of learning to illustrate the technological pedagogical content knowledge of computational thinking. Overall, the study demonstrates that pre-service teachers were able to develop knowledge and attitudes towards computational thinking with their experience in the teacher education course.
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"Education and the University of North Carolina Pre-Flight School". W Home Front, redaktor Julian M. Pleasants. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813054254.003.0008.

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Primary and secondary schools were hard hit by the war, with a dearth of supplies and trained teachers. Many colleges and universities, vacated by men off to war, would have had to close were it not for the U.S. military training units at the schools. Each institution in the state had some sort of government activity on their campuses, but the preeminent center was the Navy Pre-Fight School at UNC-Chapel Hill, where two future presidents of the United States, George H. W. Bush and Gerald Ford trained.
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Kashirina, Natalia. "Psychology of Translation". W Handbook of Research on Teaching Methods in Language Translation and Interpretation, 274–96. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6615-3.ch015.

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The process of translation is treated as a sequence of three principal stages (pre-translation source text analysis, translation itself, self-assessment/editing). The chapter is aimed at proving that the first and the third stages of the translation process are based on critical thinking, while the second stage (translation itself) rests upon creative thinking. Therefore, teaching critical thinking must be a necessary part of translator professional training, because it is not only important as such, but also leads students to acquisition of mature creative thinking, which is crucial for translation problem-solving. In this chapter, the problem of training translation quality assessment is analyzed, the difference between critical and creative thinking is discussed, and psychological mechanisms of their functioning in translation are treated as a cognitive process; the role of critical thinking in raising translators' awarenesses and, consequently, translation quality is stressed.
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Harris, Joy E. "Teaching What We Don’t Know". W Communication Technology for Students in Special Education and Gifted Programs, 320–27. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-878-1.ch025.

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When newly graduated teachers enter the classroom, they are expected to possess the knowledge to adequately teach students with a wide variety of needs including students with special needs, whether these students perform far above the majority of their peers or lag significantly behind. A disconnect exists, however, between the expectation and the reality. The truth is that most teacher education programs do not provide adequate training to teacher candidates in the area of special needs, and in terms of teaching pre-service educators what technological tools are available to enhance the educational opportunities of students with special needs, there is virtually no training whatsoever. The conclusions from this study come from a random sample (n=60) of National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education accredited schools and colleges of education in the United States and its territories.
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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Pre-training status"

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Khomenko, Ruslan, Elena Antropova i Vladislav Mochernyuk. "Pre-competitive training of weightlifters based on indicators of the functional status and hemodynamics". W Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Innovations in Sports, Tourism and Instructional Science (ICISTIS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icistis-19.2019.28.

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Lipperheide, Moritz, Thomas Bexten, Manfred Wirsum, Martin Gassner i Stefano Bernero. "A Comparative Study of Data and Physically Based Gas Turbine Modeling for Long-Term Monitoring Scenarios: Part II — Emission Prediction Utilizing Different Levels of Design Information". W ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-76650.

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Reliable engine and emission models allow for an online monitoring of commercial gas turbine operation and help the plant operator and the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) to ensure emission compliance of the aging engine. However, model development and validation require fine-tuning on the particular engines, which may differ in a fleet of a single design type by production, assembly and aging status. For this purpose, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) offer a good and fast alternative to traditional physically-based engine modeling, because the model creation and adaption is merely an automatized process in commercially available software environments. However, ANN performance depends strongly on the availability of suitable data and a-priori data processing. The present work investigates the impact of specific engine information from the OEM’s design tools on ANN performance. As an alternative to a strictly data-based benchmark approach, engine characteristics were incorporated into ANNs by a pre-processing of the raw measurements with a simplified engine model. The resulting ‘virtual’ measurements, i.e. hot gas temperatures, then served as inputs to ANN training and application during long-term gas turbine operation. When processed input parameters were used for ANNs, overall long-term NOx prediction improved by 55%, and CO prediction by 16% in terms of RMSE, yielding comparable overall RMSE values to the physically-based model.
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Mittal, Sujata. "Cervical cancer management in Rural India: Are we really living in 21st century or need to focus on health education of our doctors". W 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685408.

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Objectives: To study cases of cervical cancer managed/unmanaged in rural India and to analyze the reasons for poor outcome. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 218 cases of cervical cancers between 2008-2013 with resultant outcome in terms of treatment or absence of treatment in spite of diagnosis. Reasons for not taking the treatment have been analyzed. Also, analysis of 21 cases of simple hysterectomy with resultant complications like VVF, RVF has been done. Indications of surgery, operating surgeon, availability of preoperative/postoperative HPR, slides/blocks, discharge summary and disease status at the time of referral was done. Results: 44% refused to take treatment in spite of stage III diagnosis citing financial constraints, distance to be traveled daily for RT and apathetic attitude of family towards females. 20.65% opted for other hospitals. 29.8% took complete treatment. 80% of females were illiterate and dependent. 9.7% had simple hysterectomy for invasive disease. 95% of simple hysterectomies were performed by general surgeons in private setups resulting in 19% of complications like VVF, RVF. 100% cases of simple Hysterectomy did not have pre-operative biopsy. Only 50% cases had post-operative biopsy report and in none of the cases were slide/blocks available for review as trained pathologists were not available. General surgeons who had performed surgery were neither trained in doing P/V examinations nor aware of staging of cervical cancer. Conclusion: Illiteracy, poverty and absence of implementation of cancer control programs are the major hurdles in control of cervical cancer. The study highlights the absence of Government’s will to control cervical cancer in rural India. It emphasizes on the need of intensive training and health education of gynaecologists and surgeons at district/rural level, lack of which is a primary factor for violation of medical ethics by the doctors.
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Tsytovich, Maria, i Oksana Yakusheva. "ACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS OF UNIVERSITY TEACHING STAFF FORMATION AT THE PRE-INTERMEDIATE STAGES OF LANGUAGE TRAINING". W International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2016.0869.

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Kulik, Alla. "The Advancing Training in Russian for the special purposes of foreign students of a pre-university level". W Proceedings of the International Conference on the Development of Education in Russia and the CIS Member States (ICEDER 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceder-18.2018.35.

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Oliveira, Ailton C., Jose´ A. B. Barbosa i Jose´ M. B. Rabello. "Qualification and Certification of Inspection Personnel in Brazil: Petrobras Experience". W 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10540.

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The purpose of this paper is to present Petrobras experience in the activity of qualification and certification of inspectors of onshore pipelines, based on Petrobras standard N2776. N2776 structure showing inspector duties and responsibilities in the various stages of the construction and assembly of onshore pipelines is also presented as well as pre-requirements for qualification: education level, physical aptitude, professional experience and training. The scheme of theoretical and practical exams required for qualification is also detailed. The advantages and difficulties arising out of the use of certified labor for quality control activities is discussed and both technical and social aspects are approached.
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Matulčíková, Marta, i Daniela Breveníková. "DISTANCE EDUCATION IN FURTHER PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN ENTERPRISES DURING PANDEMIC PERIOD". W NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/04.

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Constraints on our personal and professional life imposed by the COVID 19 pandemic have radically influenced our approach to forms of education, including those used in further professional training of employees. This shift means the focus on distance education as a managed educational form, which is suitable for further professional training. The aim of the paper is to present the implementation of distance education in further professional training in enterprises and based on the empirical research propose ways of improving options of education. Distance education is characterised in terms of its principles and developmental stages. Its first generation was correspondence education. The Learning Management System (LMS) and Learning Content Management System (LCMS) are described as the systems applied in further professional training. The research was conducted by means of the questionnaire method, combined with the pre-research survey. Results of empirical research are presented in tables. Separate parts of the paper deal with ICT application in corporate education (correspondence education, Computer-based training (CBT), Web-based training (WBT), Technology Based Training (TBT) and with the utilisation of Learning Management Systems (LMS). Analysis of respondent opinions shows that respondents tend to prefer the face-to-face form of corporate education. The length of the pandemic is going to affect the spread of e-learning in corporate education and its role in education. The learners’ interest may be expected to be shifted to LCM and LCMS utilisation. The paper is a partial result of the research scheme VEGA No. 1/0309/18 “Social networks in human resource management” supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Research and Sports, Slovakia
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Lokalov, Vladimir Anatolievich, Igor Viktorovich Klimov i Dmitrii Olegovich Makhlai. "Developing Design Skills in Teaching 3D Modeling at the Pre-University Level". W Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.8077.

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The article highlights the importance of introducing students to design skills while teaching them 3D modeling at the pre-university level. Theoretical justification of the approach is offered; the approach uses a step-by-step differentiation of the orienting basis structure of the students’ training-related activities as the principal psychological model of the process of developing the design skills. Three stages of developing the professional skills are distinguished and described: elementary, basic and professional. Types of assignments for each stage are analyzed. A case study of using the approach in question for courses in 3D modeling at Schoolchildren's Computer Center (SCC) of ITMO University (St. Petersburg) is detailed, its efficiency is assessed.
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Guan, Ziyu, Fei Xie, Wanqing Zhao, Xiaopeng Wang, Long Chen, Wei Zhao i Jinye Peng. "Tag-based Weakly-supervised Hashing for Image Retrieval". W Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/525.

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We are concerned with using user-tagged images to learn proper hashing functions for image retrieval. The benefits are two-fold: (1) we could obtain abundant training data for deep hashing models; (2) tagging data possesses richer semantic information which could help better characterize similarity relationships between images. However, tagging data suffers from noises, vagueness and incompleteness. Different from previous unsupervised or supervised hashing learning, we propose a novel weakly-supervised deep hashing framework which consists of two stages: weakly-supervised pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. The second stage is as usual. In the first stage, rather than performing supervision on tags, the framework introduces a semantic embedding vector (sem-vector) for each image and performs learning of hashing and sem-vectors jointly. By carefully designing the optimization problem, it can well leverage tagging information and image content for hashing learning. The framework is general and does not depend on specific deep hashing methods. Empirical results on real world datasets show that when it is integrated with state-of-art deep hashing methods, the performance increases by 8-10%.
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"Managing Volunteer Retention Through Socialisation – A Study of Volunteers in an Australian Emergency Service Agency [Abstract]". W InSITE 2018: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: La Verne California. Informing Science Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4020.

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Aim/Purpose: In many OECD countries, emergency response relies on volunteers, and while emergency incidents are increasing, volunteer numbers are declining. Volunteer turnover occurs at various stages of the volunteering life cycle (i.e., recruitment, training, socialisation, performance, and retirement), the socialisation stage has the greatest impact on organisations, as it occurs after the allocation of resources and training, but before the investment is returned through volunteer performance. There is sparse literature exploring this stage. Background: Addressing the gap, this paper presents a model of volunteer retention, predicting acceptance, social-expulsion, or self-exclusion, based on social fit. Methodology: The model is based on an inductive examination of the processes of volunteer turnover during socialisation of emergency service volunteers. Using a grounded theory approach, focus groups and interviews were conducted with 157 volunteers across seven locations. Contribution: This model contributes to theory by categorising volunteer turnover according to the stages of the volunteering life cycle, and to practice by drawing attention to the need to consider social fit prior to investing in new volunteer training and understanding the role of leadership intervention pre- and post-training. Findings: The study identifies the processes of volunteer turnover and predicts that volunteers either stay or leave based on the level of their social fit. Recommendations for Practitioners: Strategies are developed to guide leaders on the best approaches to maintain and retain volunteer workers in Emergency Service agencies Recommendation for Researchers: The model contributes to theory by providing an empirically based description of the processes involved in volunteer retention and turnover and offers guidelines for increasing volunteer retention in emergency services and other volunteer organisations across Australia and around the world. Impact on Society: Increased retention benefits the emergency service organisation in terms of return on the investment of volunteer training, regarding sustainability of human resources, and in regard to increasing diversity among its volunteers. In turn, this retention also benefits volunteers, and the entire community, as it gains access to a greater number of emergency services providers. Future Research: Future research should focus on recreating this study in other countries and in different emergency service contexts.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Pre-training status"

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Turkey. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrtr.2020.12.

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This report describes the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Turkey. To achieve this goal, the report portrays indicators of youth population, youth employment and unemployment, education and NEETs distribution. Since the urban/rural distinction is not clear in Turkey, the overtime change in the status of the Rural NEETs can-not be analysed.The adopted statistical procedures across the different selected dimensions involves descriptive longitudinal analysis, using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts) as well as the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019 and 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the indi-cators evolution before and after the economic crisis that hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets, in addition we also used the statistics provi-ded by the Statistical Institute of Turkey, in addition to some academic works.The analyses show that Turkey has an ageing population, and that the share of the youth in the population declined over years. The relatively younger population of Turkey has pre-viously always been accepted as an advantage, but this advantage has disappeared with declining birth rates. The transition to a new administrative system in 2012 prevents a de-tailed analysis of the situation of rural NEETS. However, the available data shows that there is a significant gender gap and the lower levels of female labour force participation has led to the emergence of the NEETs as a gendered problem.
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