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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Pr6111”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 29 lipca 2024
Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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1

Fu, Xiu Li, Hai Feng i Zhi Jian Peng. "Effect of Pr6O11 Doping on the Microstructural and Electrical Properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-Co3O4-Cr2O3-SnO2 Varistors". Key Engineering Materials 633 (listopad 2014): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.633.308.

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ZnO-Pr6O11-Co3O4-Cr2O3-SnO2 varistors with different doping levels of Pr6O11 (0.25-2 mol%) were prepared at 1300 °C with conventional ceramic processing, and the effect of Pr6O11 doping on the microstructure and electrical properties of the varistor materials were investigated. The results indicated that the doped Pr6O11 basically existed at the boundary of ZnO grains in the varistor ceramics, and SnO2 might enter into the lattice of ZnO grains or precipitate in reaction with Pr6O11 into Pr2Sn2O7 at the gain boundaries particularly where there were three or more ZnO grains. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy further revealed that Pr6O11 doping would inhibit the growth of ZnO grains, resulting in decreasing ZnO grain size with increasing doping level of Pr6O11. The measured electric-field/current-density characteristics of the samples showed that the varistor voltage increased with increasing doping level of Pr6O11 when the doping level was no more than 1.5 mol%, and the nonlinear coefficient of the varistors increased with increasing doping level of Pr6O11 up to no more than 1.0 mol% in the varistors, respectively.
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2

Feng, Hai, Zhi Jian Peng, Cheng Biao Wang, Zhi Qiang Fu i He Zhuo Miao. "ZnO-Pr6O11-Co3O4-TiO2-Based Ceramic Varistor Materials". Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (marzec 2010): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.389.

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The preparation and characterization of ZnO-Pr6O11-Co3O4-TiO2 (ZPCT) based varistor materials with different doping levels of TiO2 and Pr6O11 were investigated. The results reveal that: (1) TiO2 is an important additive, acting as an inhibitor of ZnO grain growth. The doping of appropriate amount of TiO2 can significantly improve the nonlinear properties and decreases the leakage current of the varistors, achieving a relatively high nonlinear exponent and low leakage current with 1.0 mol% TiO2 doped. (2) The oxide of Pr6O11 microstructurally plays the role of inhibition in grain growth. The doping of appropriate amount of Pr6O11 can improve the nonlinear property, and decrease the leakage currents of the varistors, acquiring the optimum results with 1.5 mol% Pr6O11 doped.
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3

Wang, Wanhua, Haixia Li, Ka-Young Park, Taehee Lee i Fanglin (Frank) Chen. "Improving the Performance for Direct Electrolysis of CO2 in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell with Sr1.9Fe1.5Mo0.5 O6 - δ Electrode Via Infiltration of Pr6O11 Nanoparticles". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, nr 47 (9.10.2022): 1778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02471778mtgabs.

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High temperature direct CO2 electrolysis based on solid oxide electrolysis cell (CO2-SOEC) is a promising technology to convert carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide with a high current density and Faradaic efficiency. The exploration for suitable cathodes with desirable catalytic activity is a grand challenge for the development of CO2-SOEC. Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6 - δ is often used as the cathode material for SOEC, but suffers from insufficient activity for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). In this work, nanoscale Pr6O11 was infiltrated into the Sr1.9Fe1.5Mo0.5O6 - δ (SFM) electrode to promote the CO2RR performance in SOEC. The optimal loading of Pr6O11 is systematically investigated. At 800°C, the current density of the Pr6O11 infiltrated SFM cathode with a Pr6O11 loading of 13.4wt.% reaches 1.58 A/cm2 at 1.5V, which is 2.5 times higher than that of SFM cathode (0.63 A/cm2) at the same operating conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization and temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 measurements indicate that the adsorption and desorption ability of CO2 of SFM cathode are improved by the infiltration of Pr6O11. Further, the polarization resistance of SFM cathode has significantly decreased with the infiltrated Pr6O11. These results demonstrate that the infiltration of Pr6O11 is a promising approach for increasing CO2RR activity. Acknowledgements Financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-EE0009427) and NASA EPSCoR (Grant # 80NSSC20M0233) is greatly appreciated.
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4

Zhu, Jian Feng, Ji Qiang Gao, Fen Wang i Ping Chen. "Influence of Pr6O11 on the Characteristics and Microstructure of Zinc Varistors". Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (luty 2008): 500–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.500.

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The influence of the amount of Pr6O11 additions on the microstructure and electrical properties of varistors ceramics in the ZnO-Bi2O3 system was investigated. Samples with a low level of Pr6O11 (0.1wt %) have high microstructural homogeneity, which enhances the nonlinear coefficient greatly, and decreases the leakage current without change of voltage ratio. When the Pr6O11 content reached 7wt%, the ZnO grain growth was restricted and the threshold voltage was improved from 275v/mm to 440v/mm. The additive of Pr6O11 changed the process of creating spinel phase, which came from the decomposition of pyrochlore phase. This type of small size phase has more dragging force on the ZnO crystal, which make the whole materials more uniform and compact.
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5

Peng, Zhi Jian, Feng Jiang, Hai Feng i Xiu Li Fu. "Doping Effect of Alkali Ions on the Microstructural and Electrical Properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-Based Varistor Ceramics". Key Engineering Materials 544 (marzec 2013): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.213.

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The microstructural and electrical properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-based ceramics fabricated with 97.5mol% ZnO + 0.5mol% Pr6O11 + 1.0mol% Co3O4 + 0.5mol% Cr2O3 + 0.5mol% MNO3 (M=Li, Na, K, or Rb) were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the doping of alkali ions would inhibit the growth of ZnO grains in the as-prepared ZnO-Pr6O11-based ceramics, in which the addition of K+ ion showed the strongest effect. Through the analysis of electric field vs current density characteristics, it was found that the doping of Li+ ion into ZnO-Pr6O11-based ceramics would change the varistor into ohmic resistor, but the addition of Na+, K+ or Rb+ ion could improve the nonlinearity of the varistors, in which the addition of K+ ion resulted in the strongest improving effect.
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6

Bakhtiyarly, Ikhtiyarly B., Gulnar M. Fatullayeva i Orudg Sh Kerimli. "GLASS FORMATION IN TERNARY SYSTEM La2O3–As2S3–Pr6O11". IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 61, nr 4-5 (17.04.2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.20186104-05.5637.

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Boundaries of glass formation in ternary system La2O3-As2S3-Pr6O11 were studied using methods of physical-chemical analysis (DTA, DTG, X-ray analysis, MSA). It was established that in glass formation region the range of concentration covers from As2S3-La2O3 15 mol%, but from As2S3-Pr6O11 it is 13 mol%. To our opinion the decrease in glass formation region of Pr6O11 comparing to La2O3 is related to crystalline structure of oxide, i.e. to the change in coordination number of lanthanides. Because properties of compounds of lanthanide are more sensitive to the change in coordination numbers relative to radii of ion. In the system the region of transparent glass formation is limited with the region of non-transparent one. The reason of non-transparency of a glass is the formation of primary centers of crystallization, which was confirmed by the results of X-ray analysis and SEM. Raman spectra of transparent glass containing(La2O3)0.07(As2S3)0.90(Pr6O11)0.03 were studied. Intensity of bands which characterize the bonds of As–S, La–O, Pr–O in Raman spectrum and shift of energy of waves in the big party are related to the strengthening of bonds and probably, appearance of new bonds in glasses. When heating glasses of the composition (La2O3)0.07(As2S3)0.90(Pr6O11)0.03 in inert atmosphere (He) at 224,61 °С it softens which is followed by endoeffects. Observed exoeffect at 315,80 °С satisfies crystallization of glass, but at 380,80 °С thermal decomposition begins. Samples in the region of glass formation are stable at 300 K to air, water and organic solvents. When heated, glasses are dissolved in chromic mixture. They decompose in mineral acids and alkalies.Forcitation:Bakhtiyarly I.B., Fatullayeva G.M., Kerimli O.Sh. Glass formation in ternary system La2O3–As2S3–Pr6O11. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 4-5. P. 43-48
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7

Li, H. "Abstract PR611". Anesthesia & Analgesia 123 (wrzesień 2016): 777–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000492990.38417.15.

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8

Djellal, Nacira, Djamel eddine Mekki, Elena Navarro i Pilar Marin. "Influence of Pr6O11 addition on structural and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Fe65Co35 nanoparticles". Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 16, nr 60 (25.03.2022): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.60.27.

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This work focuses on the synthesize of nanostructured (Fe65Co35)100-x (Pr6O11)x (x = 0, 5) powders using high energy ball milling. The influence of Pr6O11 on structural, morphological and magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 nanoparticles were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with a dispersive energy analyzer (EDS), vibratory sample magnetometer (VSM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results show that the praseodymium oxide addition increased the decrement rate of the crystallite size with milling time of about 27 % and decreased the increment rate of the internal micro-strain of 50 %. Moreover, because of its high grain fragmentation tendency, Pr6O11 increases the hardness and brittleness of Fe-Co powders. Moreover, it minimized the cold welding between Fe-Co ductile particles leading to a significant decrease in the average particle size (~1µm). The magnetic measurements conducted at room temperature show that the saturation magnetisation (Ms) and the coercivity (Hc) increased with milling time in both compositions. A low Ms and high Hc values were detected in (Fe65Co35)95 (Pr6O11)5 nanoparticles. The results demonstrated a soft ferromagnetic nature in all of the synthesized nanoparticles with Ms in the range 207 – 216 emu/g and Hc is found to be 113 Oe.
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9

Hung, Nguyen The, Nguyen Dinh Quang i Slavko Bernik. "Electrical and microstructural characteristics of ZnO–Bi2O3-based varistors doped with rare-earth oxides". Journal of Materials Research 16, nr 10 (październik 2001): 2817–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0388.

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ZnO-based varistor samples with a relatively high Sb2O3 to Bi2O3 ratio of 5 were fired at 1200 °C and found to have a high threshold voltage (VT) of 280 V/mm and a low energy-absorption capacity of 50 J/cm3. The introduction of rare-earth oxides (REO) increased the energy-absorption capacity of Pr6O11- and Nd2O3-doped samples to 110 J/cm3 while their threshold voltage (VT) remained slightly above 300 V/mm. Doping with Pr6O11 and Nd2O3 altered the formation of the spinel phase and significantly changed its particle size and distribution which, as a result, had a positive effect on the energy-absorption capacity of the REO-doped samples. Doping with small amounts of Pr6O11 and Nd2O3 appears to be promising for the preparation of ZnO-based varistors with a high breakdown voltage and a high energy absorption capacity.
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10

Feng, Hai, Zhi Jian Peng, Zhi Qiang Fu, Wen Yue, Xiang Yu, Cheng Biao Wang, Long Hao Qi i He Zhuo Miao. "Optimization of Sintering Temperature and Doping Level of Cr2O3 in ZnO-Pr6O11-Based Varistor Ceramics". Advanced Materials Research 177 (grudzień 2010): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.177.382.

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The electrical properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-based varistors, which composed of (98.5-x)mol% ZnO +0.5mol% Pr6O11 +1.0mol% Co3O4 +xmol% Cr2O3 (x=0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0), were investigated as a function of sintering temperature in the range of 1250-1400°C for 2 h. At the same sintering temperature, the nonlinear exponents increased with the increase of Cr2O3 doping amount no more than 0.5mol%, but decreased with more Cr2O3 doped. With the same doping level of Cr2O3, the samples' varistor voltage decreased with the sintering temperature increased; and the samples' nonlinear exponents increased first with the sintering temperature increased to 1300 °C, but decreased when the temperature increased further. Conclusively, the electrical properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-Co3O4- Cr2O3 varistors were strongly affected by the sintering temperature and the doping level of Cr2O3, and the samples, doped with 0.5 mol% Cr2O3 and sintered at 1300 °C, exhibited the optimum nonlinear performance.
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11

Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi, Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali, Wan Mohamad Ikhmal Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman, Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah, Syara Kassim, Nur Quratul Aini Ismail, Nor Kamilah Sa’at, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid, Maria Fazira Mohd Fekeri i Khamirul Amin Matori. "Synergistic Effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on Electrical and Microstructure Features of ZnO-BaTiO3 Varistor Ceramics". Materials 14, nr 4 (3.02.2021): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040702.

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This paper investigated the effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on the electrical properties of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics. The Pr6O11 doping has a notable influence on the characteristics of the nonlinear coefficient, varistor voltage, and leakage current where the values varied from 2.29 to 2.69, 12.36 to 68.36 V/mm and 599.33 to 548.16 µA/cm2, respectively. The nonlinear varistor coefficient of 5.50 to 7.15 and the varistor voltage of 7.38 to 8.10 V/mm was also influenced by the use of Co3O4 as a dopant. When the amount of Co3O4 was above 0.5 wt.%, the leakage current increased from 202.41 to 302.71 μA/cm2. The varistor ceramics with 1.5 wt.% Pr6O11 shows good nonlinear electrical performance at higher breakdown voltage and reduced the leakage current of the ceramic materials. Besides, the varistor sample that was doped with 0.5 wt.% Co3O4 was able to enhance the nonlinear electrical properties at low breakdown voltage with a smaller value of leakage current.
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12

Zhu, Jian Feng, Guo Quan Qi, Hai Bo Mao, Hai Bo Yang i Fen Wang. "Synthesis of Pr6O11 Doped ZnO-Based Varistors by Pyrogenic Decomposition of Nitrate". Materials Science Forum 675-677 (luty 2011): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.179.

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Pr6O11 doped ZnO-based varistor powders were prepared by a method of pyrogenic decomposition nitrate, which were together with ZnO powders, made into rounded mass and sintered at different temperatures. The effects of sintering temperatures on the composition, microstructure and electrical properties of Pr6O11 doped ZnO-based varistors were investigated. The results show that the optimum sintering temperature is at 1150 °C with 6 μm ZnO average grain size and the samples possess the advantageous electrical properties: varistor voltage of about 480 V/mm, non linear coefficient reaching 44 and leakage current of 0.7 μA.
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13

Abdullah, Wan Rafizah Wan, Azmi Zakaria, Mansor Hashim, Md Mahmudur Rahman i Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali. "Stability of ZnO-Pr6O11-Cr2O3 Varistor Ceramics against Electrical Degradation". Materials Science Forum 846 (marzec 2016): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.846.115.

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The vulnerability of varistor ceramics to electrical degradation during operation not only affects their nonlinear properties but also leads to shortening of device’s lifetime by increasing the risk of failures including melting, fire or even explosions. In this study, ZnO-Pr6O11-Cr2O3 varistor ceramics were prepared through modified citrate gel method and solid state-sintering at 1250 °C for 1 hour. The stability of their nonlinear properties under prolonged application of DC electrical field in high temperature ambient was investigated. Degradation process was accelerated by applying direct current (DC) electrical field of 15 % below the breakdown field point of ceramics for 54 hours consecutively at temperature of 30 to 125 °C. The findings indicate that ZnO-Pr6O11-Cr2O3 ceramics exhibited its susceptibility to electrical degradation after prolonged electrical and thermal stresses application. Its nonlinear coefficient has reduced by 4.4 % reduction, the breakdown field has reduced by 9.9 % and the leakage current density increased by 13.7 % in comparison to its initial value. Degradation process in varistor ceramics of ZnO-Pr6O11-Cr2O3 was a direct response to collapsed Double Schottky Barrier at ZnO grain boundary.
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14

Bu, Jing Long, Fei Ma, Yun Hong Zhang, Hong Yan Zhao, Rong Lin Wang i Zhi Fa Wang. "Influence of Rare Earth Oxides on Crystallization Behavior and Sintering Performance of Fused Quartz Ceramic Materials". Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (październik 2010): 1782–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1782.

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Fused quartz granule (d50=0.033mm) was used as raw material, Pr6O11, Sm2O3, Gd2O3, Dy2O3 and Ho2O3 were used as additives with dosage of 2% each. Fused quartz ceramic materials were fabricated in reduction atmosphere at 1300°C, 1400°C and 1500°C for 1h. Samples were examined apparent porosity, bending strength, thermal expansion rate (RT~1200°C), and analyzed by XRD and SEM. The results indicated that additives Pr6O11, Sm2O3 and Dy2O3 had a bit inhibiting effect on crystallization of fused quartz sintered at 1300°C and 1400°C, Ho2O3 and Gd2O3 had more inhibiting effect on crystallization in samples sintered at various temperatures, sample containing Ho2O3 had least thermal expansion rate. Pr6O11, Sm2O3 and Dy2O3 had few facilitating effect on sintering, Gd2O3 and Ho2O3 had more facilitating effect on sintering of fused quartz ceramic materials, samples with Gd2O3 and Ho2O3 had lower apparent porosity and higher bending strength and more compact microstructure. It can be deduced that Gd2O3 and Ho2O3 play the excellent role as the crystallization inhibitor to fused quartz materials.
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15

Zhang, Siqi, Keqing Li, Junyuan Pu i Wen Ni. "Preparation and Basic Properties of Praseodymium-Neodymium-Chromium Containing Imitation Gemstone Glass". Materials 15, nr 20 (20.10.2022): 7341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207341.

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Imitation gemstone glass has numerous characteristics, including low cost, rich colour, stable colouring, and the formation of colour-changing effects that can meet the jewellery market demand for beautiful gemstones of middle and low grades. In this study, four types of gem-imitating glass were prepared by the elemental substitution of praseodymium, neodymium and chromium elements based on rare earth glass and examined by combining refractive index, density, spectral characteristics and colour parameters. Sample 1 contained only Pr6O11 and showed a golden-yellow colour like chrysoberyl. Sample 2 contained only Nd2O3 and showed a blue-purple colour like amethyst. Sample 3 contained Pr6O11 and Nd2O3 and appeared green under D65 light source and red under A light source, with a colour-change effect like alexandrite. Sample 4 contained Pr6O11, Nd2O3 and Cr2O3 and showed a highly saturated green colour like emerald because of the strong colouring effect of Cr3+ in the glass. The findings revealed that all four samples are transparent, with a refractive index greater than 1.5 and a density higher than 2.6 g/cm3. The comprehensive performance of the four imitation gemstone glasses can be found in the corresponding natural gemstones, which has a certain practical value.
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16

Bakhtiyarli, I. B., G. M. Fatullayeva i O. Sh Kerimli. "GLASSFORMATION IN THE SYSTEM As2S3–Pr6O11". Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, nr 1 (2018): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2018-1-96-99.

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17

Zhang, Cheng Ju, Jin Feng Wang, Wen Bin Su, Guo Zhong Zang i Hong Cun Chen. "Grain Size Effects of SnO2 Varistor Induced by Doping Pr". Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (luty 2007): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.275.

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The effects of Pr on the microstructure and nonlinear electrical properties of the (Co,Ta)-doped SnO2 varistors were investigated. It was found by characterizing the samples sintered at 1350 oC that the breakdown voltage increases significantly from 500v/mm to 1200v/mm, and the relative permittivity decreased rapidly from 2525 to 1199 with increasing Pr6O11 concentration from 0 to 1.20 mol%. The analysis of samples’ microscopic structure showed that the grain size of SnO2 rapidly decreases from 5.1 to 3.7 µm with increasing Pr6O11 concentration from 0 to 1.20mol% .The significant decrease of SnO2 grain size is the main reason for raising breakdown voltage and reducing permittivity.
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18

Kusrini, Eny, Yan Mulders Togar, Vino Hasyim i Anwar Usman. "The role of Praseodymium oxide-Impregnated Clinoptilolite Zeolite Catalyst to Increase Octane Number in Gasoline". E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 03051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186703051.

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In the present work, the role of praseodymium oxide as a promotor of active site in zeolite base as catalyst for increasing the octance number in gasoline were investigated. In this study, we used three types of catalyst, namely the activated clipnotilolite zeolite (catalyst 1), Pr6O11-impregnated clinoptilolite zeolite 0.01 (w/w%) (catalyst 2) and Pr6O11-impregnated clinoptilolite zeolite 0.1 (w/w%) (catalyst 3). Both catalyst 2 and 3 were prepared by impregnation method. The calcination temperature for all of catalysts was set at 500°C for 2 hours to remove the organic impurities and stabilize the structure of catalyst. The Si/Al ratio increased from 5.1 to 5.85 with prasedymium nitrate hexahydrate percentage in catalysts 2 and 3 were 0.14 and 0.05%, respectively. The surface area of catalysts 1 - 3 are 19.42, 18.09 and 15.22 m2/g, respectively. The activity performance of catalyst 3 with 1 and 3 % loading at 27.7°C for 2 min have increased the octane number of 0.1. Increasing octane number of 0.1 was also confirmed by GC-MS data which showed the presence of decreasing C4-C11 hydrocarbon compounds and increasing of aromatic compounds. Pr6O11-impregnated clinoptilolite zeolite catalyst is potential for application in fuel system to increase octane number at room temperature (27.7°C).
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19

WEN, CUN, YI LIU, YUN GUO, YANQIN WANG i GUANZHONG LU. "INFLUENCE OF PRETREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURAL AND CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF SUPPORTED Pd CATALYSTS FOR CO OXIDATION". Surface Review and Letters 20, nr 02 (kwiecień 2013): 1350013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x13500133.

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The effects of pretreating atmospheres ( H2 , O2 and Ar ) on the activity for CO oxidation and Pd dispersion of Pd/Pr6O11 catalyst were investigated. The result shows after the Pd/Pr6O11 catalyst was pretreated by hydrogen or oxygen at 550°C, its catalytic activity for CO oxidation can obviously increase, and the activity of H2 -pretreated catalyst is superior to that of O2 -pretreated catalyst, which is attributed to an increase of Pd dispersion. The catalyst pretreated by Ar behaves the worst catalytic activity for CO oxidation. The results of CO pulse, CO chemisorption and in situ DRIFT testing indicate that the surface species (hydroxyl species or active oxygen species) generated during pretreating processes can prevent Pd particles from immigrating and sintering, resulting in an increase of the Pd dispersion on the surface of support.
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20

Zhang, Tianli, Weiguang Wang, Yiming Ma, Naiwen Fang, Sanbao Lin, Zhuoxin Li i Sindo Kou. "In Situ Observation of Microstructural and Inclusions Evolution in High-Strength Steel Deposited Metals with Various Rare Earth Pr Contents". Materials 15, nr 3 (8.02.2022): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031257.

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The evolution of austenite, acicular ferrite, upper bainite and martensite, and the nucleation of inclusions in the microstructure of high-strength steel deposited metals, was systematically investigated using three kinds of A5.28 E120C-K4 metal-cored wires with various rare earth Pr contents. Grain structure evolution in the process of high temperature, dispersoid characteristics of inclusions and the crystallographic characteristics of the microstructure were assessed. Compared with no addition of Pr6O11, adding 1%Pr6O11 resulted in refined, spheroidized and dispersed inclusions in the deposited metal, leading to an increase in the pinning forces on the grain boundary movement, promoting the formation of an ultra-fine grain structure with an average diameter of 41 μm. The inclusions in the deposited metals were Mn-Si-Pr-Al-Ti-O after Pr addition; the average size of the inclusions in the Pr-containing deposited metals was the smallest, while the number and density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of acicular ferrite formation) was mainly in the range of 0.6–1.5 μm. In addition, the content of upper bainite decreased, while the percentage of acicular ferrite increased by 24% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the Pr-containing deposited metals in this study. This study shows that the addition of 1% Pr6O11 is efficient in achieving fine interlaced multiphase with an ultrafine-grained structure, resulting in an enhancement of the impact toughness of the deposited metal.
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21

Chiba, R., H. Aono i K. Kato. "An SOFC Cathode Infiltrated with Pr6O11". ECS Transactions 57, nr 1 (6.10.2013): 1831–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/05701.1831ecst.

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22

Chen, M., Z. L. Liu, Y. Wang, C. C. Wang, X. S. Yang i K. L. Yao. "Ferroelectric properties of Pr6O11-doped Bi4Ti3O12". Solid State Communications 130, nr 11 (czerwiec 2004): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.001.

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Matović, Branko, Jelena Pantić, Marija Prekajski, Nadežda Stanković, Dušan Bučevac, Tamara Minović i Maria Čebela. "Synthesis and characterization of Pr6O11 nanopowders". Ceramics International 39, nr 3 (kwiecień 2013): 3151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.09.098.

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Krupa, Мykola. "Tunnel Magnetic Contacts with Perpendicular Anisotropy of Magnetic Electrodes as Promising Elements for Recording". DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE 3 (31.12.2023): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232022.2023.3.24.

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This paper describes the mechanism of the appearance of the magnetic capacitance in tunnel magnetic contacts with magnetic electrodes that have perpendicular anisotropy, presents the results of measurements of the value of tunnel magnetic resistance and tunnel magnetic capacity in Tb22-Co5Fe73/ Pr6O11/Tb19-Co5Fe76 tunnel contacts. The work also provides a structural diagram of the construction of an information carrier based on tunnel magnetocapacitance and describes the principle of recording information in such a structure. This paper describes the mechanism of appearance of magnetic capacity in tunnel magnetic contacts with magnetic electrodes that have perpendicular anisotropy, presents the results of measurements of the value of tunnel magnetic resistance and tunnel magnetic capacity in Tb22-Co5Fe73/Pr6O11/Tb19- Co5Fe76 tunnel contacts, where the value of tunnel magnetic resistance is almost 120%, and the value of the tunnel magnetic capacity is more than 110%. The work also provides a structural diagram of the construction of an information carrier based on tunnel magnetocapacitance and describes the principle of recording information in such a structure
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Zhao, Guiying, Yongcong Huang, Weijun Zhang, Jingguo Gao, Chenjie Xu, Liao Shen, Peiwen Lv, Yingbin Lin, Zhigao Huang i Jiaxin Li. "Pr6O11 interfacial engineering toward high-performance NCM523". Chemical Engineering Journal 441 (sierpień 2022): 135929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135929.

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ARDELEAN, I. "MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Pr6O11-B2O3-CdO GLASSES". Modern Physics Letters B 16, nr 08 (10.04.2002): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984902003786.

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Magnetic susceptibility measurements have been performed on x Pr 6 O 11 · (100 - x)- [2 B 2 O 3 · CdO ] glasses with 0 < x ≤ 30 mol%. The data give evidence that for x > 1 mol% the praseodymium ions in these glasses are in Pr3+ and Pr4+ valence states, which explains their magnetic behavior.
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Zhong, Sheng Wen, Qian Zhang, De Qiang Han i Jing Zhong Kuang. "Preparation of Color Pearlescent Pigment Using Rare-Earth Oxide and Titanium Oxide to Coat Mica". Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (luty 2007): 903–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.903.

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The rare earth of Er2O3, Nd2O3, Pr6O11 as pigmentation-type coating materials was used to coat the surface of mica by wet chemical deposition method. Then the color pearl luster pigment was synthesized by heat treatment. The coating was carried out by multiple-coating technique and the influence of technique parameters on the coating was studied systematically.
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Денисова, Л. Т., М. С. Молокеев, Н. А. Галиахметова, В. М. Денисов i Г. В. Васильев. "Синтез, кристаллическая структура и теплофизические свойства замещенных титанатов Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Pr-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Ti-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-12-=/SUB=- и Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Nd-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Ti-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-12-=/SUB=-". Физика твердого тела 63, nr 8 (2021): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2021.08.51153.070.

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Титанаты Bi2Pr2Ti3O12 и Bi2Nd2Ti3O12 получены методом твердофазного синтеза последовательным обжигом на воздухе при температурах 1003-1323 K стехиометрических смесей Bi2O3, Nd2O3, Pr6O11 и TiO2. Методом рентгеновской дифракции определена их кристаллическая структура. Высокотемпературная теплоемкость определена с использованием дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии. На основании экспериментальных данных Cp=f(T) рассчитаны основные термодинамические функции. Ключевые слова: замещенные титанаты висмута, твердофазный синтез, кристаллическая структура, высокотемпературная теплоемкость, термодинамические функции.
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29

El-Hofy, M., A. El-Taabl, A. M. Abdel Aziz i M. Elkhatib. "ZnO Varistor Defective Gd and Pr Ions". Defect and Diffusion Forum 332 (grudzień 2012): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.332.51.

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To the best of our knowledge the difference in the magnetic properties of ions like Gd (7.94 μB) and Pr (3.58 μB) on the electrical properties of ZnO-varistor have not been studied. To clarify this effect, the binary systems, ZnO-Gd2O3, ZnO-Pr6O11and the ternary system ZnO-Gd2O3-Pr6O11were studied. The ceramics were prepared according to the chemical formula; (100-X) mol% ZnO - (X) mol% Y, where X = 0.5, 1, 2, 3.5, 5, 6, 7.5, 9 and 15, Y is Gd2O3, Pr6O11or Gd2O3 +Pr6O11. The samples have been sintered at 1200°C, 1250°C, 1300°C, 1350°C and 1400°C for 1 hr. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDAX), (JxE), (CxV) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) have been studied and discussed. Utilizing J-E characteristics, the non-linearity coefficient (α), leakage current (Lg) and breakdown electric field (Eo) have been determined. In the present study, the effect of the magnetic properties on the non-linearity parameters was not clear and the non-linearity characteristics mainly depend upon the microstructure of the system. The ternary system (94%ZnO-4%Pr6O11- 2%Gd2O3) is superior to the binary systems, and can readily serve as a high-voltage varistor.
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30

Zinatloo-Ajabshir, Sahar, i Masoud Salavati-Niasari. "Nanocrystalline Pr6O11: synthesis, characterization, optical and photocatalytic properties". New Journal of Chemistry 39, nr 5 (2015): 3948–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj02106a.

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31

Selvi, K. Tamizh, K. Alamelumangai, M. Priya, M. Rathnakumari, P. Suresh Kumar i Suresh Sagadevan. "Studies on electrical properties of MgO/Pr6O11 nanocomposite". Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 6 (styczeń 2016): 184798041666727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980416667274.

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32

Petrů, F., i A. Muck. "Infrarot-Absorptionsspektren von CeO2, Pr6O11, Nd2O3 und Sm2O3". Zeitschrift für Chemie 7, nr 1 (2.09.2010): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zfch.19670070126.

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33

Kraus, Marianne, Bobby Florea, Jürgen Bader, Nan Li, Paul Geurink, Wouter van der Linden, Hermen S. Overkleeft i Christoph Driessen. "Selective Inhibition of the proteasome's β2 Catalytic Subunit Alone Does Not Induce Cytotoxicity, but Resensitizes Bortezomib-Refractory Myeloma Cells for Bortezomib Treatment". Blood 118, nr 21 (18.11.2011): 2915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.2915.2915.

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Abstract Abstract 2915 Bortezomib is a reversible first-generation proteasome inhibitor that inhibits the β5 and to a lesser extent the β1 catalytic site of the proteasome. However, bortezomib does not inhibit the β2 catalytic proteasomal site at clinically relevant concentrations, and bortezomib-resistance is accompanied by upregulation of the β2 subunit, suggesting that increased β2 activity may compensate for the loss of β1/ β5 activity during bortezomib-treatment. The second generation proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, due to the chemistry of its epoxyketone warhead, has a higher substrate specificity and functions as an irreversible proteasome inhibitor, but is still a β1/ β5 inhibitor that does not affect the β2 active site. We investigated the effect of β2-specific proteasome inhibition on myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and tested the hypothesis that β2-selective proteasome inhibition may overcome bortezomib-resistance. To this end we have developed a set of epoxyketone- and vinylsulfone-based, cell permeable proteasome inhibitors of which we selected the compounds PR523A and PR671A for further testing in cell-based assays. PR671A is a peptide-vinylsulfone that selectively inhibits the proteasome's β2/ β2i subunit in an irreversible fashion in human cell lines and primary cells at low micromolar concentrations without inhibition of other protease species. PR523A is a β5-selective peptide-epoxyketone with otherwise similar properties. Treatment of myeloma and AML cell lines (AMO-1, U-266, HL-60, THP-1) with PR523A induced ER-stress mediated apoptosis, very similar to bortezomib. The combination of bortezomib with PR523A led to additive, but not synergistic induction of apoptosis, as expected. Selective β2 inhibition by PR671A resulted in the induction of ER stress and the accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated protein, however, this was not effectively translated into apoptotic cell death. This indicates that selective inhibition of the β2 proteasome subunit alone has only a poor cytotoxic effect on myeloma and AML cell lines, suggesting that the function of β2 is largely redundant and can be compensated when the remaining proteasome catalytic subunits (β1 and β5) remain active. However, when the β2 inhibitor PR671A was combined with agents that target the proteasome's β5 active site (PR523A) or the β5 and the β1 site (bortezomib), the combination of either inhibitor with the β2 inhibitor PR671A was highly synergistic for both activation of ER stress and the induction of apoptotic death. Importantly, the bortezomib-resistance in bortezomib-adapted myeloma and AML cell lines could be overcome by combining PR671A with either bortezomib or PR523A, while β2 inhibition by PR671A alone had no effect on the viability of bortezomib-adapted cells. We conclude that PR671A is a β2 selective proteasome inhibitor. Selective Inhibition of the proteasome's β2 subunit has little effect on viability or ER stress both in normal and bortezomib-resistant myeloma and leukemia cells, suggesting that the function of the β2 catalytic site is largely redundant. However, when β1/ β5 proteasome activity is inhibited by drugs like bortezomib or carfilzomib, proper function of the β2 proteasome active site is crucial for cell survival, also in bortezomib-resistant myeloma cells. The use of specific β2 inhibitors like PR671A in combination with β1/ β5 inhibitors like bortezomib or carfilzomib is therefore a promising strategy to overcome resistance against β1/ β5-selective proteasome inhibitors. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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34

Ellouze, M., W. Boujelben i H. Fuess. "Rietveld refinement X-ray powder data of Pr0.7Ba0.3MnO3". Powder Diffraction 18, nr 1 (marzec 2003): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1515296.

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Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data were collected for Pr0.7Ba0.3MnO3. This sample was prepared using the conventional solid state reaction by mixing Pr6O11, Mn2O3, and BaCO3 up to 99.9% purity at 1400 °C in air for 60 h. XRD analysis using the Rietveld method was carried out and it was found that this manganite sample has orthorhombic symmetry with Pnma space group. The lattice parameters are found to be a=5.4900 Å, b=7.7578 Å, and c=5.5227 Å.
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35

Nahm, Choon-Woo, i Hyang-Suk Kim. "Effect of Pr6O11/CoO mole ratio on nonlinear properties and DC accelerated aging characteristics of ZnO-Pr6O11-CoO-Dy2O3-based varistors". Materials Letters 56, nr 4 (październik 2002): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00490-1.

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36

Jing, Rishuang, Zhuoxin Yang, Li Sun, Zhongquan Nie, Zhichao Yu i Ensi Cao. "Improved acetone sensing performance of Pr6O11-loaded ZnO nanorods". Materials Letters 304 (grudzień 2021): 130682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130682.

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37

Krupa, N. N. "Spin-dependent tunneling conductance in TbCoFe/Pr6O11/TbCoFe films". JETP Letters 87, nr 10 (lipiec 2008): 548–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s002136400810007x.

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38

Inaba, Tadashi, Keiichi Saji i Jiro Sakata. "Characteristics of an HC sensor using a Pr6O11 electrode". Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 108, nr 1-2 (lipiec 2005): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2005.01.039.

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39

Abu-Zied, Bahaa M., Youssef A. Mohamed i Abdullah M. Asiri. "Fabrication, characterization, and electrical conductivity properties of Pr6O11 nanoparticles". Journal of Rare Earths 31, nr 7 (lipiec 2013): 701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0721(12)60345-7.

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40

SAMMES, N., i G. GAINSFORD. "Phase stability and oxygen ion conduction in Bi2O3−Pr6O11". Solid State Ionics 62, nr 3-4 (sierpień 1993): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(93)90370-i.

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41

Zhuang, Weidong, Cong Wang, Xiaolong Chen, Zhiyu Qiao, Jingkui Liang i Guanhui Rao. "Phase Relations of the Nd2O3-Pr6O11-CuO Ternary System". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 115, nr 1 (luty 1995): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1995.1135.

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42

Wang, T. G., G. Q. Shao, W. J. Zhang, X. B. Li i X. H. Yu. "Electrical properties of Pr6O11-doped WO3 capacitor–varistor ceramics". Ceramics International 36, nr 3 (kwiecień 2010): 1063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.12.004.

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43

Li, T. Y., H. Q. Wang, Z. Q. Hua, L. Dong, H. W. Zhao i Y. Wang. "Densification and grain growth of CuO-doped Pr6O11 varistors". Ceramics International 36, nr 5 (lipiec 2010): 1511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2010.02.028.

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44

Swarovski, Alexander Y., Alexander I. Soloviev, Anatoly L. Kalashnikov, Valentina M. Malyutina, Arthur S. Sitnikov, Olga L. Vasilyeva i Sergey V. Shalyapin. "Fluoride Technology of Processing Oxides of Rare Earth Elements". Advanced Materials Research 1084 (styczeń 2015): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1084.82.

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The paper describes the advantages and characteristics of the fluoride technology applicable for the recovery of oxides of rare earth elements with the help of a fluorinating agent of elemental fluorine. A metallurgical mixture (2.5 m2/g) of rare earth elements oxides of the cerium subgroup, containing % wt.: CeO2 - 50-55; La2 O3 - 23-25; Pr6O11 - 6-9, and Nd2O3 - 13-16 were studied. It has been shown, that using fluoride technology allows recovering mixture of rare earth elements with outlet no less than 98.9 %.
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45

Cvetković, Vesna S., Dominic Feldhaus, Nataša M. Vukićević, Tanja S. Barudžija, Bernd Friedrich i Jovan N. Jovićević. "Electrochemical Study of Nd and Pr Co-Deposition onto Mo and W from Molten Oxyfluorides". Metals 11, nr 9 (21.09.2021): 1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091494.

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Electrodeposition processes of neodymium and praseodymium in molten NdF3 + PrF3 + LiF + 1 wt.%Pr6O11 + 1 wt.%Nd2O3 and NdF3 + PrF3 + LiF + 2 wt.%Pr6O11 + 2 wt.%Nd2O3 electrolytes at 1323 K were investigated. Cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and open circuit potentiometry were applied to study the electrochemical reduction of Nd(III) and Pr(III) ions on Mo and W cathodes. It was established that a critical condition for Nd and Pr co-deposition in oxyfluoride electrolytes was a constant praseodymium deposition overpotential of ≈−0.100 V, which was shown to result in co-deposition current densities approaching 6 mAcm−2. Analysis of the results obtained by applied electrochemical techniques showed that praseodymium deposition proceeds as a one-step process involving exchange of three electrons (Pr(III)→Pr(0)) and that neodymium deposition is a two-step process: the first involves one electron exchange (Nd(III)→Nd(II)), and the second involves an exchange of two electrons (Nd(II)→Nd(0)). X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of metallic Nd and Pr on the working substrate. Keeping the anodic potential to the glassy carbon working anode low results in very low levels of carbon oxides, fluorine and fluorocarbon gas emissions, which should qualify the studied system as an environmentally friendly option for rare earth metal deposition. The newly reported data for Nd and Pr metals co-deposition provide valuable information for the recycling of neodymium-iron-boron magnets.
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46

Wang, N. N., M. J. Tessler i L. Charland. "Abstract PR601". Anesthesia & Analgesia 123 (wrzesień 2016): 764–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000492981.78526.21.

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Zulkapli, A., S. S. P. Tang, C. Y. Lee, S. K. Cheah i N. Abdul Manap. "Abstract PR610". Anesthesia & Analgesia 123 (wrzesień 2016): 775–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000492989.01398.8e.

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Marwick, P. C., M. Johnson, J. F. Coetzee i A. I. Levin. "Abstract PR612". Anesthesia & Analgesia 123 (wrzesień 2016): 779–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000492991.38417.5c.

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Mavoungou, P., i V. Billard. "Abstract PR613". Anesthesia & Analgesia 123 (wrzesień 2016): 781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000492992.46040.6a.

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Nakamura, R., N. Saeki, H. Morimoto, T. Ukawa, H. Miyoshi i M. Kawamoto. "Abstract PR614". Anesthesia & Analgesia 123 (wrzesień 2016): 783–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000492993.23170.7d.

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