Artykuły w czasopismach: „Power wastage”

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Lu, Di, Jian Xin Wang i Jia Feng Li. "Analysis of the Optimal Value for Transmission System of Reactive Load Compensation". Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (luty 2012): 1104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.1104.

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In this paper, Describing the type and characteristics of transmission system’s reactive power compensation. The purpose of reactive power compensation can improve system power factor, reduce losses, improve power quality and reduce the capacity and investment of the power equipment system. It especially discussed the increase of reactive power, which can increase the wastage of transmission system; at the same time enhance the voltage decrease. In order to decrease main equipment’s wastage of reactive power—wastage of electromotor, got the optimal charge ratio and efficiency of electromotor. Calculated the absorbed value of reactive power of transformer by the given charge, and got optimal charge ratio of transformer. And it discussed the compensation from non-uniformity net to uniformity net, and the work principle of system compensation. It would make the transmission line’s power with the lowest wastages under condition of fixed charge value and web structure. Through the configuration software development, can make the system more secure and reliable.

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OJ, Femi-Jemilohun, i Oluwafemi IB. "MITIGATION OF POWER WASTAGE IN THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK". International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, nr 7 (1.11.2021): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i07.014.

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Electricity power supply in Nigeria is grossly inadequate due to shortage in production capacity and consequent shortage in the transmitted and distributed networks of the sector. This has greatly hampered the standard of living of the citizenry. The wastage of the scarce distributed power due to negligence of the electricity consumers by leaving on the lighting systems around the homes in broad day light has been a concern in the research industry. This paper focuses on the way to curb this menace among the electricity consumers. A device to mitigate power wastage among shortage of same was constructed. This device when applied at the distribution network will automatically control the lighting system of the environment when it senses radiation from sunlight indicating daylight or darkness indicating dark hour of the day thereby curbing the incessant power wastage through lighting in broad day light and reserves the available distributed power to meaningful use by the consumers.

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Hu, J. Z., Shi Ning Ma i X. R. Chen. "Erosion Wastage at High Temperature for Arc Spraying Coatings". Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (marzec 2008): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.605.

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A new novel cored wire for producing FeCrAl/WC intermetallic coating by arc spraying was developed. The erosion wastage at high temperature of the coating was researched with different impingement angles and temperatures. The results indicated that impingement angle and temperature greatly affected erosion wastage of the coating. At the same time, when impingement angle was 90°, different temperature had a little effect on the erosion wastage. And when temperature was 650°C, different impingement angle had a little effect on the erosion wastage too. As compared with water wall tube material (G20 steel) of power station boiler, the erosion resistance at high temperature of the coating was higher. The erosion resistance rate of the coating was 1.94~2.89 times of that of G20 steel when temperature was 650°C and particle was polygonal silica. The results indicated that erosive condition of high temperature flue gas and fly ash mixture in boiler tube of pulverized coal fired power station could be solved with the FeCrAl/WC coating.

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Halmare, Mr Abhay, Shreya Damodhar Zade, Simran Ramkrushna Parchake i Ritesh Siddharth Borkar. "Power Genration Using By Peltier Module". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 4 (30.04.2022): 2099–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41392.

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Abstract: Purpose of making this project is to generate electrical energy from bad materials cow dung , dry paddy fields, dry leaf and bad stuff etc. and store that electrical energy in the battery through the circuit and use that electrical energy to operate the whole project. And the LED bulb is shown to be turned on and the use of filters to control pollution from energy production .So in this our Project we show successfully How to generate electricity by Waste Materials And Store electricity in Battery successfully. The main aim behind this project is to reduce the pollution, and recycle the wastage and reuse them and finally to produce the electricity from waste. Energy harvesting is the main focus of the researchers all over the world. It is because of deployment of million sensor nodes and bottleneck of battery. This method avails various methods like piezoelectric, electromagnetic, solar and thermoelectric. Keywords: LED (Light emitting diode), Electromagnetic, Thermoelectric, Voltage, Sag, Piezoelectric, Power Quality

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Halmare, Mr Abhay, Shreya Damodhar Zade, Simran Ramkrushna Parchake i Ritesh Siddharth Borkar. "Power Genration Using By Peltier Module". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 4 (30.04.2022): 2099–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41392.

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Abstract: Purpose of making this project is to generate electrical energy from bad materials cow dung , dry paddy fields, dry leaf and bad stuff etc. and store that electrical energy in the battery through the circuit and use that electrical energy to operate the whole project. And the LED bulb is shown to be turned on and the use of filters to control pollution from energy production .So in this our Project we show successfully How to generate electricity by Waste Materials And Store electricity in Battery successfully. The main aim behind this project is to reduce the pollution, and recycle the wastage and reuse them and finally to produce the electricity from waste. Energy harvesting is the main focus of the researchers all over the world. It is because of deployment of million sensor nodes and bottleneck of battery. This method avails various methods like piezoelectric, electromagnetic, solar and thermoelectric. Keywords: LED (Light emitting diode), Electromagnetic, Thermoelectric, Voltage, Sag, Piezoelectric, Power Quality

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Halmare, Mr Abhay, Shreya Damodhar Zade, Simran Ramkrushna Parchake i Ritesh Siddharth Borkar. "Power Genration Using By Peltier Module". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 4 (30.04.2022): 2099–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41392.

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Abstract: Purpose of making this project is to generate electrical energy from bad materials cow dung , dry paddy fields, dry leaf and bad stuff etc. and store that electrical energy in the battery through the circuit and use that electrical energy to operate the whole project. And the LED bulb is shown to be turned on and the use of filters to control pollution from energy production .So in this our Project we show successfully How to generate electricity by Waste Materials And Store electricity in Battery successfully. The main aim behind this project is to reduce the pollution, and recycle the wastage and reuse them and finally to produce the electricity from waste. Energy harvesting is the main focus of the researchers all over the world. It is because of deployment of million sensor nodes and bottleneck of battery. This method avails various methods like piezoelectric, electromagnetic, solar and thermoelectric. Keywords: LED (Light emitting diode), Electromagnetic, Thermoelectric, Voltage, Sag, Piezoelectric, Power Quality

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Rathod, Pranjul Singh, Gurpreet Singh, E. Abhilash i Swati Tyagi. "Meal Donation Application Using Flutter Technology". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 2927–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42996.

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Abstract: This mission is used to control the wastage of food in a purposeful way. people are throwing away lots of meals each day. So, we have to reduce that food wastage problem through online application. This app is basically a Food Donation App that includes Food Providers (Providers, Individuals and Restaurants etc.) and Recipients (NGOs, Individuals etc.). This app sets out the details of leftover food and pick up address and other relevant information that can be viewed by Recipients. Recipients with their consent can access the specified location to download the food package. Effective management and security of data is maintained while developing our product. User information is kept private because it maintains a separate account for each user. The potential for food redistribution for this project could be an effective social implementation initiative addressing food waste and food poverty. Keywords: Meal donation, Meal wastage, mobile application, flutter, firebase, mobile application

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Akila, A., i P. Shalini. "Food grain storage management system". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 2.31 (29.05.2018): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.31.13433.

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Food grain Wastage cripples a country’s economy to a great extent. Food grain wastage is also associated with wastage of water, manpower during agricultural activities and electricity power used in food processing industries. It even causes deforestation. Adequate measures have to be taken to properly store the food grains so that they remain edible. The proposed storage management system uses the sensors to measure the levels of humidity, temperature and ammonia gas which will help us monitor quality of the food grains. The main idea is to identify the quality of the food grains using the sensors such as Temperature, Humidity and Ammonia Gas. The Quality of the food grain is measured using the factors like Humidity, Temperature and Ammonia gas sensors and sent through Wireless Communication to the server and the server makes the decision and alarms about the quality of the food grain to the maintenance people. Food grain Wastage cripples a country’s economy to a great extent. Food grain wastage is also associated with wastage of water, manpower during agricultural activities and electricity power used in food processing industries. It even causes deforestation. Adequate measures have to be taken to properly store the food grains so that they remain edible. The proposed storage management system uses the sensors to measure the levels of humidity, temperature and ammonia gas which will help us monitor quality of the food grains. The standard of identifying the food quality could be improved by using more sensors and can be implemented in the Food Storage Industry.

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Tao, Yanhui, i Weijia Yue. "Multi Objective Reactive Power Optimization of Distribution Network with Distributed Generation Power Uncertainty". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2023, nr 1 (1.09.2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2023/1/012041.

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Abstract Distributed generation will have a lot of adverse effects on the steadiness of the power system, resulting in the power wastage of the Distribution Network (DN) and the destruction of the reactive power balance of the power grid. It is essential to establish a dynamic reactive power optimization model to ameliorate the security, steadiness and economy of the DN. Based on this, this paper first analyses the connotation and typical characteristics of Distributed Generation (DG), then studies the connotation and typical characteristics of DG, and finally gives the multi-objective reactive power optimization strategy of DG DN.

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Saisudheer, A., i V. Muralipraveen. "Reducing Clock Power Wastage By Using Conditional Pulse Enhancement Scheme". i-manager's Journal on Circuits and Systems 1, nr 1 (15.02.2013): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jcir.1.1.2195.

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Bhoyar, Anjali. "A Web Application for Medicine, Food, Books & Cloth Collection and Donation". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 4 (30.04.2023): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50066.

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Abstract: The increase within the quantity of wastage in terms of Medicines, food, books, clothes make the necessity in terms of donation. There are many those that donates food, clothes and books etc. manually by vising completely different places on their own so as to resolve this crisis of needed things wastage in our country. Donations like Medicines, food, clothes and books once given with correct organization & correct management will save many lives and might ease the suffering of the poor and impoverished ones. The “Altruistic ones” acts as a connecting link between the donors and also the NGOs. Considering the number of wastages goes in a very year, donation of unused medicines together with alternative donations like food, books and clothes appear a decent thanks to get out of it because the world is growing quick with the new technologies individuals also are adapting it. Through our web-based application donor from anyplace will present the items at one platform.

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Mali, Monika S., Shwetali S. Phadke, Vaishnavi M. Karande i Ganesh Birajadar. "Power Generation by Footstep". April-May 2023, nr 33 (19.05.2023): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jeet.33.22.29.

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Nowadays, the requirement for power for various gadgets and instruments everywhere is increasing day by day. Over the past few years, many people have been using excessive amounts of energy, causing an energy crisis. This problem can be solved by increasing the number of gadgets, equipments using renewable energy. Walking is the most common human activity. When a person walks, they lose some energy. This wastage of energy can be used as renewable energy. “Power Generation By Footstep”, the aim of the project is to generate power by making use of piezoelectric and solar plates. This project includes how it utilizes the power generated by footsteps. The aim of this proposed system is to design a non-conventional method of power generation that will reduce the power shortage.

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Mali, Monika S., Shwetali S. Phadke, Vaishnavi M. Karande i Ganesh Birajadar. "Power Generation by Footstep". April-May 2023, nr 33 (19.05.2023): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jeet.33.22.30.

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Nowadays, the requirement for power for various gadgets and instruments everywhere is increasing day by day. Over the past few years, many people have been using excessive amounts of energy, causing an energy crisis. This problem can be solved by increasing the number of gadgets, equipments using renewable energy. Walking is the most common human activity. When a person walks, they lose some energy. This wastage of energy can be used as renewable energy. “Power Generation By Footstep”, the aim of the project is to generate power by making use of piezoelectric and solar plates. This project includes how it utilizes the power generated by footsteps. The aim of this proposed system is to design a non-conventional method of power generation that will reduce the power shortage.

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Padmane, Pranav Vitthalrao, i Dr Anita Nag. "Controlling the Project Cost in Construction Sector by Developing Management System: Wastage Analysis by Using Earned Value Management". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 6 (30.06.2022): 943–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43998.

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Abstract— In construction sector, construction material impacts overall cost of project to the great extent. Management of cost control is extremely important by implying different management technique at micro-level of project activities. Due to the various constrain, material cost is increasing day by day, which adversely affects project budget cost. Construction sector is growing widely, especially large quantum projects. These projects require huge quantity of variety material. Use of traditional method might results in excess quantity of ordered material resulting in decreased profitability of project. Application of wastage analysis of material by using Earned Value Management helps to minimize the wastage of material. Excess ordering of material results in unnecessary capital expenditure causing problem to the smooth cash flow. Material cost can be up to 60-70% of total cost of project. In this study, Retail fitout store is considered for comparison between traditional material procurement and procurement after performing wastage analysis. Keywords—construction: Budgeting: Costestimate: wastage analysis: cost.

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Rasool, Zahid, Waqar Tariq, Ir Dr Mohammad Lutfi Othman i Dr Jasronita bt Jasni. "What Building Management System Can Offer to Reduce Power Wastage both Social and Economical: Brief Discussion by Taking Malaysian Power Infrastructure as a Sample". SIJ Transactions on Advances in Space Research & Earth Exploration 7, nr 1 (8.02.2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/sijasree/v7i1/03030060402.

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D.A., Darshan, Sumith L.V., K. Sowjanya Reddy, K. Rasagnya i Trupti V. N. "A STUDY OF ENERGY FLOW AT AN ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION THROUGH ENERGY AUDIT". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, nr 4RACEEE (30.04.2017): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4raceee.2017.3339.

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This paper deals with the study of energy flow in a 220/ 66 kV substation. This study emphasizes on energy conservation by reducing power losses. Saving energy is the primary and overwhelming motivating factor for making energy improvements. Energy conservation can increase the environmental quality and higher the savings. Energy conservation lowers the energy costs by preventing future resource depletion (renewable energy source). Utilizing the electric power in the proper manner without wastage is the most important thing to consider. The main objectives are accumulating data at various energy points, identifying energy losses and critical junctions, enabling energy conservation and cost savings. Planning the use of electrical power in the most judicious way such that the usage as well as its wastage is minimized. For this purpose a energy management technique called energy audit is adopted. Energy auditing is required to determine the energy flows through various electrical installations such as feeders, transformers, substations in an electrical network system.

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Paniyil, Prahaladh, Vishwas Powar, Rajendra Singh, Benjamin Hennigan, Pamela Lule, Matthew Allison, John Kimsey i in. "Photovoltaics- and Battery-Based Power Network as Sustainable Source of Electric Power". Energies 13, nr 19 (25.09.2020): 5048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195048.

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With the rise in the utilization of free fuel energy sources, namely solar and wind, across the globe, it has become necessary to study and implement models of a sustainable power network. This paper focuses on the design of a conceptual power network based on photovoltaics (PV) for power generation and lithium-ion batteries for storage. The power system showcases the various metrics that are involved in a grid-tied PV- and battery-based power network. It also encompasses the various design parameters and sizing considerations to design and conceptualize such a power network. The model focuses on the importance of the conservation of power by avoiding wastage of generated power through inverter sizing and design considerations. Finally, an economic and feasibility analysis is carried out to showcase the economic viability of the PV- and battery-based power network in today’s alternating current (AC)-based grid.

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Shakya, Subarna. "An efficient Capacitor Bank Operating System for Single Phase Power Factor Correction using Neural Network Estimations". September 2021 3, nr 3 (8.11.2021): 169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2021.3.002.

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Wastage of electricity occurs in all places starting from a small house electrical loading to a heavy industrial electrical loading. KiloVolt-Ampere Reactive (KVAR) power metering devices are employed in industrial applications for measuring the energy utilization which measure the energy wastage along with it. This urges a consumer to pay for the unutilized or wasted energy as well. To avoid this, certain capacitor bank units are connected to the industrial application motor units. The right choice of capacitor rating are helpful in minimizing the wasted power observation in the KVAR meters. The selection of capacitor rating is analysed with respect to the power factor calculation. The power factor is a derivation of working power to the apparent power in an electrical system. An optimum power factor to be maintained in an electrical system is 1. The motive of the proposed work is to maintain the power factor by selecting an optimum capacitor bank on the operation of an electrical system at various load conditions. The requirement of capacitor bank values get changed with respect to the load given to an electrical system. A neural network based prediction model is employed in the work for estimating the right choice of capacitor bank. The efficiency of the proposed work is verified and found satisfied with a traditional capacitor bank operating system.

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Levy, A. V., B. Q. Wang i G. Q. Geng. "Relationship Between Feedstock Characteristics and Erosivity of FBC Bed Materials". Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, nr 1 (1.01.1992): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906298.

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The erosion-corrosion (E-C) metal wastage mechanisms and rates that occur in 1018 plain carbon steel used in tubular heat exchangers of fluid bed combustors (FBC) are discussed. The characteristics of FBC bed material erodent particles such as composition, shape, size, and strength were found to have a major effect on the surface degradation mechanisms and rates that occurred. A total of 16 different bed material particles from ten different FBCs were tested. It was determined that when the particles were strong enough not to shatter when they impacted the steel’s surface, their shape and composition were the most important factors in determining their erosivity. The relative amounts of SiO2, CaO, CaCO3, CaSO4, and alkali compounds in the bed materials were related to the metal wastage by using laboratory mixtures of the compounds as erodents. The ratio of SiO2 to CaO and CaCO3 was especially important in determining the erosivity of the bed materials. It was found that increasing this ratio increased the metal wastage. A sharp transition ratio occurred on either side of which the metal wastages were linear. The slope of the linear curve was low for the lower sand content mixtures and higher for higher sand content mixtures. The transition ratio required a higher CaO content for higher velocity particles.

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Reddy, Ravikumar, Sangamnath Sulegaon i Dr Shailaja Shastri. "IoT Based Power Consumption". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 9 (30.09.2022): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45892.

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Abstract: With the increasing electrical demand and new devices focused on getting the most and cheapest energy possible, the usage of energy management system is escalating both in end user and for utilities. The main objective is to minimize energy cost without affecting comfort. This project enables the user to monitor the power consumption through webpage so that the appliances can be controlled through mobile. Data is collected as a input which is further processed using Nodemcu in order to get the magnitude of the various power consumption. This data is later sent to the cloud-based platform Thingspeak for data analysis. It helps in plotting daily and annual load curve using data analysis technique. By graphical analyses in Thingspeak we can control the energy wastage using blynk app. The software implementation IOT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, this leads towards more secure, cost-effective and sustainable energy in future

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Kim, Woojae, i Inbum Jung. "Smart Sensing Period for Efficient Energy Consumption in IoT Network". Sensors 19, nr 22 (12.11.2019): 4915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224915.

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The devices included in IoT networks have sensors and actuators for monitoring their surroundings. These operate on battery energy, according to the characteristics of the environment in which they are deployed. To enhance the longevity of IoT networks, the devices need to avoid any unnecessary sensing operations in order to reduce the power consumption rate. However, as existing sensing methods use a fixed sensing period policy, battery power wastage is inevitable. In this paper, a smart sensing period policy is proposed for efficient energy consumption in an IoT network. The proposed method uses a learning model based on a back-propagation neural network. Within the target time, it can efficiently use the battery energy without any surplus or wastage in the quantity of preserved battery energy. In experiments, our proposed method shows improved results in battery energy consumption rates compared to the existing sensing period methods.

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Dweik, Amal, Amal Badareen i Wala’ Zayed. "Footstep Power Generation using Piezoelectric Sensors". International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 12, nr 10 (1.10.2022): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae1022_08.

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The energy demand is on the rise in all over the world; at the same time, the wastage of energy is also increasing. Footstep Power Generator “FsPG” is developed to help finding ways to utilize human force in most usable ways by generating a power that depends on footsteps. In this paper, we built a noise free power generator that depends on human foot force applied on the” piezoelectric” sensors which are placed bellow the platform. The force is converted to electrical energy. The produced electrical power is then stored in 12V rechargeable battery which helps the users to charge specific loads with a USB cable that is attached to the system. The system is successfully tested to generate a maximum voltage of 23.6 V across the cells when a maximum average weight of 75 Kg is applied on the system plates.

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Vejendla, Swathi, i Dr M. Kamaraju. "FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT EMBEDDED SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 3, nr 1 (1.08.2012): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v3i1b.2750.

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Now a days, Technology is veryimportant in daily life. In the offices, theusage of electronic appliances is increasingrapidly. So the demand for power is alsoincreasing. The power demand can be metupto some extent by reducing powerwastage. The proposed system reducespower wastage by switching off theelectrical appliances when not in use. Theproposed system controls the appliancesautomatically based on the need and isimplemented on FPGA in Xilinx platformusing Verilog HDL.

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Kothapalli, Tejasvi. "Saving Energy in Homes Using Wi-Fi Device Usage Patterns". International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 7, nr 3 (lipiec 2018): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2018070103.

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Reducing power usage in the residential sector is a global problem. Appliances used for space heating, cooling, and lighting are the primary sources of home energy consumption, increased costs, and CO2 emissions. Such devices are a significant source of energy wastage if they are left on and not being used. This article proposes a solution to reduce energy wastage in smart homes. The solution consists of a method to detect the presence of resident activities in the household based on Wi-Fi devices. It presents a model for identifying the Wi-Fi devices that are similar in usage compared to the resident's appliances using machine learning techniques. In addition to displaying the device usage charts, this solution helps in automatically turning off such appliances when they are not in use. A controlled experiment is conducted to evaluate the performance of the solution. The results indicate that this approach can significantly reduce energy wastage in the homes.

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Ullah, Sana, Ghulam Hafeez, Gul Rukh, Fahad R. Albogamy, Sadia Murawwat, Faheem Ali, Farrukh Aslam Khan, Sheraz Khan i Khalid Rehman. "A Smart Sensors-Based Solar-Powered System to Monitor and Control Tube Well for Agriculture Applications". Processes 10, nr 8 (20.08.2022): 1654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081654.

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Agricultural productivity plays a vital role in a country’s economy, which can be increased by providing the proper water needed for crops. Proper water provision ensures suitable moisture and appropriate conditions essential for crops, water resource preservation, minimized water wastage, and energy consumption. However, adequate water provision is challenging due to intermittent and uncertain environmental and weather conditions. On this note, a model with uncertain and stochastic conditions (rain, wet, dry, humidity, and moisture) capturing abilities is needed. Thus, a smart-sensors-based solar-powered system is developed for monitoring and controlling the tube well that ensures proper water provision to crops. The developed system properly checks weather and environmental conditions (rain, temperature, irradiance, humidity, etc.), soil conditions (wet or dry), and crop conditions to monitor and regulate water flow accordingly to minimize water and energy consumption wastage. The developed system is an integrated system of four modules: Arduino with a built-in Atmel AT mega microcontroller, sensors, solar power, and a global system for mobile communication (GSM). The GSM module exchanges acknowledgement messages with the operator and controller about the various statuses, such as weather and environmental conditions, soil conditions (wet or dry), crop conditions, and the toggle status of the motor (OFF, ON/main power supply, or solar power). In order for the controller module to determine the motor state, the sensors module computes many parameters, including rain, wet, dry, humidity, and moisture. In addition, the sensor module also prevents the motor from dry running. The developed smart irrigation system is superior to existing irrigation systems in aspects of water wastage and energy consumption minimization.

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Saba, Madiha. "Food Waste Management". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 7 (31.07.2022): 3487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45766.

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Abstract: The paper represents the website to reducethe food wastage by providing that too those who are inneed. In todays world people are wastingmore food thanconsuming, which is a huge problem. India ranks 2nd infood wasting, about 68.8 million tons of food is wasted per year. This proposal is to overcome the food wastage problem. It will works as request and response from Restaurants and NGOs. The quantity and lifetime of the food should be mentioned by the restaurants. NGOsshould collect the leftovers from Restaurants before thelifetime of food and distribute among those in need. Andthe restaurants can post the food donated details..

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Danish Habib, Muhammad, Hassan Jalil Shah i Abdul Qayyum. "Analyzing the role of values, beliefs and attitude in developing sustainable behavioral intentions: empirical evidence from electric power industry". Business & Economic Review 13, nr 1 (15.03.2021): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22547/ber/13.1.2.

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Energy conservation is an economic, social, and environmental issue that offers various academic, practical, and policy implications. The growing magnitude, complexity, and relevance of energy wastage have attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners. There is a lack of consumer awareness towards electricity conservation practices of household consumers in the context of developing countries. This research utilized the theory of planned behavior to explain sustainable behavioral intentions in the context of electricity conservation. This research aims to measure the effect of beliefs, values, and attitudes on sustainable behavioral intentions in the energy conservation context. This research hypothesized awareness, compatibility, perceived value, resistance to change, and actual gain as predictors of attitude towards energy conservation and sustainable behavioral intentions. Using survey methodology, purposive sampling techniques were used to collect the data from young household consumers. Data of 246 electricity consumers of Pakistan were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results of the study validate a significant relationship between attitude towards energy conservation and sustainable behavioral intentions. Based on results, it has been established that the amount of actual gain intentions and awareness are the main contributors to attitude towards energy conservation and sustainable behavioral intention. Compatibility and resistance to change were also significant precipitators of attitude towards energy conservation and sustainable behavioral intention. Perceived value was found a significant predictor of attitude towards energy conservation while insignificant towards sustainable behavioral intention. The study findings have a significant impact on government, policymakers, marketers, and academics interested in developing strategies to mitigate the effects of energy wastage. Prevention of resource wastage depends upon the awareness and consumption practices of the customers.

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Krishna, A. Vijaya. "Water and Pressure Levels Monitoring & Automation System Using Internet of Things". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 6 (30.06.2023): 4971–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54224.

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Abstract: Water is a vital resource that sustains life. Utilisable water is frequently exploited and overused in daily life. The leading cause of water waste is leaking water containers. Because water tanks are frequently administered manually, the pressure levels used to pump water into the tanks cannot be determined. This leads to wastage of water and damage to the motor pump. So in this project we are proposing an effective solution for controlling, monitoring and measuring the water and pressure levels with the help of Internet of Things.

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Kumaravel, G., i V. Ilankumaran. "IoT based Smart Battery Power and Wastage Level Tracking System for Solar Powered Waste Bin by GSM Technology". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1055, nr 1 (1.07.2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1055/1/012014.

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Abstract Solid waste collection and disposal are the primary issues in Oman as the country is lacking in effective management and suitable technologies. Rapid development in urban areas adds the fuel in these issues as it increases the risk of land pollution and health issues. The rotten vegetable wastes in the overfilled waste bins, spread the vector borne diseases in the surroundings. So, a proper management and monitoring system is needed to empty the waste bins in appropriate time. In this paper, Internet of Things (IoT) based smart system is proposed, to empty the waste bins in proper time. This system is designed in such a way that it is self-powered by photovoltaic panel which is embedded on the top of the waste bin lid. An ultrasonic sensor is used to sense the filling level of wastes and energy sensor module is used to sense the voltage and power of the battery unit. A microcontroller is used to estimate the filling level of wastes and also used to measure the voltage and power of the battery unit. Later, this information is transferred to the IoT server with the help of GSM (Global System for Mobile communication module). The experimental results show that the proposed system is very effective. The performance of the system is also validated by comparing its results with other existing systems.

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Sharma, Karan, Kunal Mandil i Nancy Gupta. "POWER SAVER STREET LIGHTING USING MICROCONTROLLER USING ATmega16". International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, nr 2 (30.04.2020): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i2.2018.630.

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Street lights remain illuminated for whole nights and most of them used for lighting-up of highways are high energy consumption lamps. Preservation and sustainable use of energy and resources is an important factor of planning and development these days as Natural resources are depleting day by day, which pose a risk of scarcity and non-availability of the same for our presidenting generations. There is an acute need for devising a well thought out plan to prevent wastage of electricity. Perhaps, the government should think of implementing automatic street light control systems using LDR (light dependent resistor). This review paper illustrates the street light illumination system automated by the movement (frequency) of vehicles on that particular street. The crux of this paper is to emancipate the necessity and usage of street light control systems which combines various technologies is Timers, Photodiodes, Light Emitting Diodes (LED), and IR Sensors.

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Emmanuel Adekunle, Salako. "A Time Switching System Using Atmega328 Microcontroller towards Solving Problem of Electrical Power Wastage". International Journal of Image, Graphics and Signal Processing 11, nr 6 (8.06.2019): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijigsp.2019.06.03.

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Maity, Siddhartha. "Iot Based Home Appliance Control System Using Proteus Simulation Software and Blynk Server". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr VII (31.07.2021): 3158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37114.

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Digital Technology has become an integral part of our lives today. Here IoT comes across as a technology which transforms the way we perceive our surroundings. IoT is considered to be a network of interconnected physical objects/things around us that communicate with each other over the Internet. These days, the need for efficient controlling of appliances to minimize power wastage is important as fossils and non-renewable sources of energy are plummeting. So, a smart home system has been developed to monitor and control home appliances remotely from anywhere. This has been executed on a virtual simulator namely Proteus where the hardware circuitry has been designed. Blynk app has been used to send the user’s command to the circuit through the local cloud server connected with Arduino and Bluetooth module. The basic home appliances like fan, light and room heater which cause unnecessary wastage of power due to turning on of lights during day time or high-speed fans in winter season can be avoided in this way. At the same time the ability to control our everyday appliances over the internet using IoT makes our lives easier, comfortable and tech savvy. Such a system can be used in a wide range of applications such as home automation, smart agriculture, smart industry.

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Dixit, Anuj, Srikanta Routroy i Sunil Kumar Dubey. "Analysis of government-supported health-care supply chain enablers: a case study". Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 13, nr 1 (24.06.2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-02-2019-0011.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify, analyze and classify (i.e. driving and dependence power) the government-supported health-care supply chain enablers (GHSCEs) in rural areas of India for enhancing availability and minimizing wastage of generic medicines. Design/methodology/approach A methodology is proposed using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) – fuzzy matriced impacts croises multiplication appliqueeaun classement (Fuzzy MICMAC) analysis to analyze the GHSCEs on the basis of inputs collected from various stakeholders about their driving and dependence power. Findings The performance measurement system, employee recognition and reward, technology adoption, training cell and inbuilt analytical tool for IT system were found to be the appropriate GHSCEs where efforts and resources should be put for enhancing availability and minimizing wastage. Research limitations/implications The proposed approach provides a platform for the both researchers and academicians to understand the GHSCEs and their relationships. It also provides the direction to the government for optimally allocating the efforts and resources to enhance the current performance level of generic drug distribution. Originality/value Although many issues related to health-care supply chain have been widely researched and reported, no literature has been found for analysis of GHSCEs to choose the appropriate set of GHSCEs for supply chain performance improvement in general and developing country like India in specific.

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Keerthivasan, K. C., i S. Nandhakumar. "Fabrication and Testing of Downdraft Gasifier for Solid Biomass". Applied Mechanics and Materials 854 (październik 2016): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.854.142.

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Bio mass was the fuel used for combustion and produce thermal energy. Gasification was a thermo chemical process it convert solid fuel into gaseous fuel. Gasification is the operation used to produce the combustible gas by burning solid biomass, that combustible gas is also named as producer gas. We are using downdraft gasifier to generate producer gas, why because the down draft gasifier produce a lesser amount of tar content and minimum pressure drop. In our country, large amount of solid waste like coconut shell, groundnut shell, carpentry wastage, bagasse this kind of waste is easily combustible biomass. So we can use that combustible waste to run the down draft gasifier to produce the producer gas. We have fabricated the down draft gasifier with 3.5kW power generation. Performance of gasifier has been analysed in-terms of different zone temperatures and pressure drop, wood consumption this things would be experimentally investigated.

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Arulmurugan, R. "Analysis of various strategies for effective household energy conservation". International Robotics & Automation Journal 7, nr 1 (13.01.2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/iratj.2021.07.00218.

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The purpose of this article is to analysis various strategies for effective household energy conservation improvement because day by day energy scarcity increases one of third largest consumer is domestic consumer. The power wastage from the domestic consumer is increases abruptly. In this article deals what are different strategies uses to effectively utilize energy conservation for household applications. In the exciting various awareness programme provided by government even-though the power losses are never drop down. The drawback of these due to malfunctions of the equipment. In the proposed article various methods and strategies suggest to reduce the power consumption. The merits of the proposed system is the investment cost is too low, in particular point the investment cost is zero. The outcome of the proposed system helps the public to reduce the power loss and save the nations.

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SUIK, H., T. PIHU i A. KONIST. "CATASTROPHIC WASTAGE OF TUBES IN FLUIDIZED BED BOILER". Oil Shale 28, nr 1S (2011): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/oil.2011.1s.08.

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Kumar, Anup, i Amit Prakash Sen. "Finite Element and Temperature Distribution Analysis over the Heat Pipe Boundary". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 9 (30.09.2022): 1397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46851.

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Abstract: Researcher undergoes with various research activities to minimize the energy wastage and a researchers drawn their attention towards the recovery or storage of wasted energy but still there is a need of proper application and execution of the done research. The heat depletion through heat pipe heat exchanger is an excellent device to recover waste energy. The heat pipe heat exchanger not only is the effective way of storing the waste thermal energy but also it also prevents global warming. Heat pipes are inert, extremely consistent and provides with high heat transfer rates with minimal heat loss. These heat pipes are finding their way into sensitive applications such as notebook computers. A heat pipe is designed for cooling application in a computer has been evaluated through thermal analysis. The developed model of heat pipes used to draw a comparison with various parameters

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Pandey, Anikka, Gargi Andhale, Anirudha Sonawane, Akshara Amrutkar i Tejaswini Andhare. "Automatic Water Level Indicator and Controller". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 2 (28.02.2022): 1043–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40435.

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Abstract: This Project mainly aims at optimizing the use of water. Since water wastage has become a major and global issue now, hence water conservation has now become more important. One of the common sources of wastage we encounter is the overflow of water. This project aims to help judge the water level inside the water tank and display it accordingly on the screen while also preventing any overflow of water which is achieved through the Arduino Uno. The ultrasonic sensors used helps determine the water level in tank which is then send to the Arduino Uno, the LCD then attached to it displays the level to us. According to the level of water inside the tank, the Arduino helps turn ON or OFF the servo motor hence closing the source of water. In this way, through the automation of water control, we intent to save the energy and our natural resource. Keywords: Arduino-UNO, DC motor, LCD display, Servo, Ultrasonic sensor

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Li, Huanhuan, Md Apel Mahmud, Ehsan Arzaghi, Rouzbeh Abbassi, Diyi Chen i Beibei Xu. "Assessments of economic benefits for hydro-wind power systems: Development of advanced model and quantitative method for reducing the power wastage". Journal of Cleaner Production 277 (grudzień 2020): 123823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123823.

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Gujar, Shubham Devidas, S. Fouziya Sulthana i Rajesh Anbazhagan. "Development of dual access energy monitoring for the smart control system". Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments 14, nr 2 (24.03.2022): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ais-210356.

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The rapid growth of smart manufacturing leads to an increase in the power consumption of the equipment used and has the challenges like misuse of equipment, operator safety, and protection of equipment from any electrical disturbances or sudden power surge. This paper aims in creating a smart access control unit with a Dual Access Energy Monitoring (DAEM) system. Here, the equipment is restricted to use by the authorized individual under its working limits. The access control for energy monitoring has been carried out using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and IEEE 802.11ac with the design of customized breakout board. The DAEM has been carried out by comparing the electrical characteristics like current, voltage, active power, apparent power, and power factor with their preset warning and trip threshold values. Using DAEM, the electrical circuit overload is prevented ensuring the operator’s safety. Moreover, the timer in the circuit will automatically disconnect the load from the mains after a timeout to prevent unnecessary wastage of energy.

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Nayak, Pratham, i Tejas Bhat. "Low Power Architecture Strategies for Green Computing". ECS Transactions 107, nr 1 (24.04.2022): 16679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.16679ecst.

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The recent advancements and introduction of computer technology in the rural areas of countries like India have narrowed down the digital divide between urban and rural immensely. The rural sector has been important for the society as it has always been the primary reason for growth and development of the civilizations to sustain and achieve human goals for better existence. The modern computing systems comprise of numerous elements involving technicians, networks, and hardware. Electricity has been one of the major prerequisites for powering these systems. Due to the limitation of this and other such resources in the rural areas, with the rising costs of energy and increased concerns of environmental impacts of energy generation and consumption, there has been an immediate need for research and development in the solutions for low power wastage and low power consuming green systems and strategies. Major studies have shown that the main advantage of implementation of green computing would be to prolong the respective equipment’s lifespan, further reducing the ecological footprint and facilitating sustainable development. In this paper, we analyze and explore the more energy efficient (green) systems that consume relatively less power, such as solid-state hard disk drives, ethernet wired connection, and virtualization of machine resources for the computing and implementation in rural areas.

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Gurumurthy, Sathyavel, Surya Kamal Thakur i Sachin Mohan. "Automation in Spillcut Marking". Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (listopad 2015): 880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.880.

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The project involves elimination of rejection of H-engines during testing by improved methods of automation in spill cut using pneumatics which control the injection timing and is subsequently used at a later state in the engine assembly to set the valve timing. Improper injection timing leads to excess smoke. The new method which we have opted reduces man power, time consumption and the fuel wastage an optimum level which increases the productivity of the engine.

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Maurya, Bajrangi, i C. K. Singh. "An Eco-Friendly Hybrid Power Generation System from Non-Conventional Energy Sources". International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 6, nr 3 (2018): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.631806.

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This paper describes a new hybrid Electrical Power Generation System by integrating simultaneously Solar Energy, Rains Energy, Wind Energy and Lightning Energy as non-conventional energy sources. All the natural wastage energies are used for production of Electricity. Thus, the Electrical Power or Electricity is available with a minimum cost and pollution free to anywhere in the world at all times. This process reveals a unique step in electricity generation and availability from natural resources without hampering the ecological balance. We can have an uninterrupted power supply irrespective of the natural condition without any sort of environmental pollution. This process yields the least production cost for electricity generation. Utilization of lightning energy for generation of electricity reveals a new step. It will bring a pollution and accident free homogeneous nature to safe guard the world in a unique way.

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Shukla, M. K., i Mohammad Miyan. "Waste to Energy: A Review on Generating Electricity in India". SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 12, nr 01 (30.06.2020): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v12i01.8.

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The traditional fuels required for the production of strength are decreasing every day, and it is far very vital to discover opportunity assets that may be used as fuel for the production of energy, especially for developing countries like India. The essential goal at the back of this paper is to lessen the pollutants, and recycle the wastage and reuse them, and ultimately to produce the electricity from waste. For producing strength, we make use of the process of changing the biomass strength into the electricity, and it will be transformed into strength. In a sense, right here, the phenomenon of biomass strength and this biomass electricity will be transformed into power, and by the use of this lessen the pollutants and also reduce the impact of global warming.

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Li, Yong Hua, Jun Wang i Wei Ping Yan. "The Integrated Evaluation Index of Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Generation Dispatching". Advanced Materials Research 382 (listopad 2011): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.382.56.

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In China, coal combustion to generate electric power is the primary method, the energy-saving and emission reduction is the urgent task. At present, the energy-saving dispatching trial method in some area evaluates energy-saving and emission reduction of coal combustion power generation according to power supply coal consumption rate only. But the power supply coal consumption rate can’t reflect the energy-saving and emission reduction effect of coal combustion power plant overall. For example, the same coal combustion unit, the coal consumption rate is difference when desulfuration system is operating or not; the coal consumption rate of the unit with SCR will be increased; the coal consumption rate of the air-cooled unit is higher than water-cooled unit; etc.. This paper considers synthetically coal consumption rate, pollution emission, water resource wastage, etc., establishes a integrated evaluation system, adopts factor analysis method, gets the integrated evaluation system and index of energy-saving and emission reduction of coal combustion power generation, evaluates energy-saving and emission reduction effect of 5 power plants reasonable. The results show that the index can reflect the energy-saving and emission reduction level of coal combustion power generation.

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Subashini, P., A. Sivaramchaitanya, P. Sivasai, J. V. V. L. Sai Teja i A. Hemanshureddy. "Automatic Street Light System". Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, nr 4 (1.04.2020): 1642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8416.

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This project provides the simplest answer for power wastage. Conjointly the manual operation of the lighting system is totally replaced. In this project the LDR sensor is used to point a day/night time and also the microcontroller is used which is able to detect brightness of sunlight and the GSM module that acts on back side. The microcontroller Arduino board is employed as brain which is to manage the road lightweight system, The programming language used for developing the microcontroller is C language. The most important aim of the project is to avoid wasting the ability, by exploitation effectively we are able to save a lot of power, as we all know that there’s large scale shortage of power these days in everyplace especially in villages. So, to beat that shortage we are able replace the manual street lights system with the intelligent systems. therefore in future we are able to style more advanced technologies to avoid wasting power.

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Rochman, Rizky Fatur, Eka Prasetyono i Rachma Prilian Eviningsih. "Dimmable High Power LED Driver Using Fuzzy Logic Controller". IJITEE (International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 5, nr 2 (6.08.2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.63772.

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The use of lighting loads is one of the crucial matters which increases every year. The increasing use then leads to the development of brighter and longer-lasting sources. In addition, the conventional use of lighting loads today, which only emit light at its maximum intensity, does not allow the consumers to adjust the brightness level as needed. Consequently, this condition may cause energy wastage. The LED lighting system is gaining popularity as it is widely used in a wide range of applications. The advantages of LEDs, such as its compact size and varied lamp colors, replace conventional lighting sources. The linear setting of the driver topology using the flyback converter was aimed to control the LEDs with a constant current in order to adjust the variation of the LED light intensity. The closed-loop driver circuit with flyback converter topology was designed as an LED driver with a given load specification from the LED string. A dimmable feature was included for adjusting the intensity of the light produced by the LEDs. Eventually, the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) method was applied to the integrated change setting to obtain a dynamic response.

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Ab. Wahab, N., Z. Mat Yasin, N. A. Salim i N. F. A. Aziz. "Artificial neural network based technique for energy management prediction". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, nr 1 (1.01.2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i1.pp94-101.

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<p>The energy management of electrical machine is significant to ensure efficient power consumption. Mismanagement of energy consumption could give impact on low efficiency of energy consumption that leads to power wastage. This paper presents analysis of power consumption and electricity costing of the electrical machineries and equipment in High Voltage (HV) and Electrical Machine (EM) Laboratories at Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. The electrical data are collected using Fluke Meter 1750. Based on the analysis, it is found that the estimated annually electricity cost for HV Laboratory and EM Laboratory are RM 392.00 and RM 3197.76 respectively. For prediction of energy consumption of the two laboratories, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm is applied as computational tool using feedforward network type. The results show that the ANN is successfully modelled to predict the energy consumption.</p>

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Sathe, Sanket Rajendra, Saurabh Sharad Masal, Samadhan Laxman Kakade, Suyash Yelatwar i Prof S. J. Jagtap. "Regenerative Braking System: A Review". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 1390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42551.

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Abstract: Electric cars square measure associate interest within the market. Today, existing braking technologies are used. This braking technology consumes tons of energy throughout braking within the style of heat. Therefore, regenerative braking is that the most significant methodology of focusing as a result of it's associate energy saving methodology. Increase the potency of electrical vehicles by reducing waste of energy. In electrical vehicle regenerative braking mode, the K.E. of the wheels is bornagain into electricity and keep within the battery or electrical condenser. This methodology has been improved mistreatment flywheels, DC-DC converters. Once a quick moving vehicle is applied a brake the momentum energy is wasted. The brake energy converter could be a compact system mounted in cylinder that absorbs this power and converts it to electricity that may be keep in battery for more use. Compact, efficient, low value and recycles energy nicely, prevents wastage. This method fits within the vacant house of the drum brakes of auto as a result of currently day's disk brakes square measure used. Low weight, compact size and power is made altogether four wheels of the vehicle. Straightforward construction, low value and straightforward to use. Absorbs brake power that the load on the hydraulic brakes is reduced thus less wear of brakes. Motor is within the earlier models with a centralized battery unit, system power to weight magnitude relation is extremely low, i.e., low power is made as compared to the burden of the system. Braking potency is low and tends to explosive brake in emergency conditions. Keywords: Energy, Brake, Electricity, Flywheel, Vehicle.

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Hamza, Amir, Muhammad Awais, Mohammad Hamza, Faiza Ahmad i Zahid ur Rehman. "Design and Implementation of Switched Capacitor Banks Controlled by a Programmable Logic Controller for Power Factor Improvement of Three-Phase Induction Motors". NUML International Journal of Engineering and Computing 2, nr 1 (26.07.2023): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/nijec.v2i1.30.

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Industries widely use three-phase inductive loads, such as induction motors, due to their cost-effectiveness, low maintenance, reliability, and durability. However, these loads decrease the power factor, which leads to power wastage, higher billing costs, and penalties from electric power supply companies. To address this issue, a system has been developed that employs a programmable logic controller (PLC) to enhance the power factor of three-phase loads, which reduces the plant's operating costs and lessens the demand for electricity supply from the utility side. The system combines hardware and software components. The software includes logic-based PLC programming that controls the sequence of operations step by step, whereas hardware consists of power and control circuits and protective devices. When an inductive load is added to the system, the PLC reads the input signal from the magnetic contactor's contactor coil connected with the motor and sends an output signal to the corresponding contactor coil of the magnetic contactor to switch the appropriate capacitor bank to enhance the power factor. This paper discusses the experimental results for seven cases utilizing different load combinations with and without the developed system. Thus, energy management requires improving the load's power factor, and the PLC is used as a power factor controller (PFC) for many industrial control applications.

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