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Vilches, Freixas Gloria. "Dual-energy cone-beam CT for proton therapy". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI099/document.
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La proton thérapie est une modalité de traitement du cancer qu’utilise des faisceaux de protons. Les systèmes de planification de traitement actuels se basent sur une image de l’anatomie du patient acquise par tomodensitométrie. Le pouvoir d’arrêt des protons relatif à l’eau (Stopping Power Ratio en Anglais, SPR) est déterminé à partir des unités Hounsfield (Hounsfield Units en Anglais, HU) pour calculer la dose absorbée au patient. Les protons sont plus vulnérables que les photons aux modifications du SPR du tissu dans la direction du faisceau dues au mouvement, désalignement ou changements anatomiques. De plus, les inexactitudes survenues de la CT de planification et intrinsèques à la conversion HU-SPR contribuent énormément à l’incertitude de la portée des protons. Dans la pratique clinique, au volume de traitement s’ajoutent des marges de sécurité pour tenir en compte ces incertitudes en détriment de perdre la capacité d’épargner les tissus autour de la tumeur. L’usage de l’imagerie bi-énergie en proton thérapie a été proposé pour la première fois en 2009 pour mieux estimer le SPR du patient par rapport à l’imagerie mono-énergie. Le but de cette thèse est d’étudier la potentielle amélioration de l’estimation du SPR des protons en utilisant l’imagerie bi-énergie, pour ainsi réduire l’incertitude dans la prédiction de la portée des protons dans le patient. Cette thèse est appliquée à un nouveau système d’imagerie, l’Imaging Ring (IR), un scanner de tomodensitométrie conique (Cone-Beam CT en Anglais, CBCT) développé pour la radiothérapie guidée par l’image. L’IR est équipé d’une source de rayons X avec un système d’alternance rapide du voltage, synchronisé avec une roue contenant des filtres de différents matériaux que permet des acquisitions CBCT multi-énergie. La première contribution est une méthode pour calibrer les modèles de source et la réponse du détecteur pour être utilisés en simulations d’imagerie X. Deuxièmement, les recherches ont évalué les facteurs que peuvent avoir un impact sur les résultats du procès de décomposition bi-énergie, dès paramètres d’acquisition au post-traitement. Les deux domaines, image et basée en la projection, ont été minutieusement étudiés, avec un spéciale accent aux approches basés en la projection. Deux nouvelles bases de décomposition ont été proposées pour estimer le SPR, sans avoir besoin d’une variable intermédiaire comme le nombre atomique effectif. La dernière partie propose une estimation du SPR des fantômes de caractérisation tissulaire et d’un fantôme anthropomorphique à partir d’acquisitions avec l’IR. Il a été implémentée une correction du diffusé, et il a été proposée une routine pour interpoler linéairement les sinogrammes de basse et haute énergie des acquisitions bi-énergie pour pouvoir réaliser des décompositions en matériaux avec données réelles. Les valeurs réconstruits du SPR ont été comparées aux valeurs du SPR expérimentales déterminés avec un faisceau d’ions de carboneProton therapy is a promising radiation treatment modality that uses proton beams to treat cancer. Current treatment planning systems rely on an X-ray computed tomography (CT) image of the patient's anatomy to design the treatment plan. The proton stopping-power ratio relative to water (SPR) is derived from CT numbers (HU) to compute the absorbed dose in the patient. Protons are more vulnerable than photons to changes in tissue SPR in the beam direction caused by movement, misalignment or anatomical changes. In addition, inaccuracies arising from the planning CT and intrinsic to the HU-SPR conversion greatly contribute to the proton range uncertainty. In clinical practice, safety margins are added to the treatment volume to account for these uncertainties at the expense of losing organ-sparing capabilities. The use of dual-energy (DE) in proton therapy was first suggested in 2009 to better estimate the SPR with respect to single-energy X-ray imaging. The aim of this thesis work is to investigate the potential improvement in determining proton SPR using DE to reduce the uncertainty in predicting the proton range in the patient. This PhD work is applied to a new imaging device, the Imaging Ring (IR), which is a cone-beam CT (CBCT) scanner developed for image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). The IR is equipped with a fast kV switching X-ray source, synchronized with a filter wheel, allowing for multi-energy CBCT imaging. The first contribution of this thesis is a method to calibrate a model for the X-ray source and the detector response to be used in X-ray image simulations. It has been validated experimentally on three CBCT scanners. Secondly, the investigations have evaluated the factors that have an impact on the outcome of the DE decomposition process, from the acquisition parameters to the post-processing. Both image- and projection-based decomposition domains have been thoroughly investigated, with special emphasis on projection-based approaches. Two novel DE decomposition bases have been proposed to estimate proton SPRs, without the need for an intermediate variable such as the effective atomic number. The last part of the thesis proposes an estimation of proton SPR maps of tissue characterization and anthropomorphic phantoms through DE-CBCT acquisitions with the IR. A correction for X-ray scattering has been implemented off-line, and a routine to linearly interpolate low-energy and high-energy sinograms from sequential and fast-switching DE acquisitions has been proposed to perform DE material decomposition in the projection domain with real data. DECT-derived SPR values have been compared with experimentally-determined SPR values in a carbon-ion beam
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Burdette, Matthew E. "Theology for the revolution : a study of the political eschatologies of Robert W. Jenson and James H. Cone". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230704.
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The theologies of Robert W. Jenson and James H. Cone have not been interpreted together. This thesis argues that the two theologians are profoundly similar. The study argues that Jenson's and Cone's theologies converge in such manner that they may be described as sharing a common task; namely, the development of a theology of revolution. 'Theology of revolution' denotes both a doctrine of God that is metaphysically revolutionary, and a theology that enables revolutionary politics. Specifically, both theologians diagnose a problem with Christian theology, and their diagnoses are finally the same: theology has inherited from Greek theology assumptions about deity that construe eternity and time as contradictory, resulting in an abstraction from historical life, and a denigration of historical particularity, contingency, and concreteness. In Cone's analysis, white supremacy, as well as a heretical Christology, emerges from this theological assumption; in Jenson's analysis, oppressive political ideologies and inadequately orthodox Christology emerges from this inherited Hellenistic assumption. For both theologians, at stake is Christian eschatology, which, for both, is determinative of political life. Jenson and Cone alike argue that the God of Jesus is the God of history, and is therefore the God of eschatological revolution who enables and inspires revolutionary politics in history. Cone's theology has extensively developed a politics of this eschatology, but has insufficiently developed its corresponding metaphysics; Jenson has devoted enormous energy to developing the revisionary metaphysics of the gospel, arguing that the gospel's God is revolutionary, but has only occasionally addressed politics, and has largely neglected the implications of his theology for the problem of white supremacy. This study argues that just as Jenson's and Cone's theological programmes converge, their theologies are also mutually corrective for one another, enabling one another to better articulate a theology of revolution. Chapter One will address the theological and political context out of which Cone's theology arises, clarifying the theological and political programmes to which Cone is reacting in order to identify the revolutionary intentions of his theology. Chapter Two argues that political concerns partially occasion Jenson's theology, and that his occasional political writings that propose a revolutionary politics are constitutive of his effort to develop a revisionary metaphysics. Chapter Three explicates Cone's eschatological doctrine of God, in which God is the eschatological revolution, by means of analysing Cone's Christology. Chapter Four develops Jenson's proposal for a revolutionary politics, analysing how this proposal arises from his eschatological doctrine of God. Chapter Five analyses how Cone's proposal for a revolutionary 'Black Power' politics is a broader proposal for a revolutionary eschatology, in which eternity is the revolutionary fulfilment of time in the future. Chapter Six elaborates Jenson's revisionary metaphysics by explicating his Christology, showing how this Christology results in a revolutionary, eschatological doctrine of God. The Conclusion of the study restates and clarifies the argument of the study, that Jenson and Cone have developed a mutually corrective theology of revolution.
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Liu, Ming. "Power and code management in wireless networks". Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1118933878.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 158 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-158). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Bao, Wenlei. "Power Aware WCET Analysis". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1398937286.
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虞愛 i Ai Yu. "A study of power control in CDMA overlay". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241293.
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Yu, Ai. "A study of power control in CDMA overlay /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22926033.
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Nourizadeh, Sam. "Power control techniques for CDMA-based mobile systems". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844068/.
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Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a well-known radio communication technique that allows multiple users to share the same spectrum simultaneously. It is an alternative to frequency division and time division multiple access scheme. Its numerous advantages have merited being the main air-interface choice for the third generation (3G) mobile communication system. Nevertheless, due to the use of same frequency, the capacity of CDMA air-interface is interference limited. This problem is minimised by use of power control scheme. Power Control reduces the interference in the system by adjusting the transmitted power according to the received Signal-to-Interference (SIR) ratio. The main difficulty to achieve this scheme is that mobile terminals experience different radio propagation channel. For success completion of this task, two objectives have been identified for power control. First assure that the received signal matches the required SIR at physical layer and secondly adjust the required SIR of users at system layer to an acceptable value so that the terminals in the system are capable of achieving. In this thesis both objectives are discussed and analysed through analytical and simulation methods. At physical layer, two analytical methods based on non-linear control theory are proposed to combat the fast fading channel propagation. The proposed methods are a fast solution to assess the performance of the Closed Loop Power Control compared to the usual lengthy simulation process. At system level, a new distributed power algorithm for reverse link that adjusts the SIR target of the mobile terminal at the base station is proposed. This algorithm brings the performance of the distributed algorithm closer to the optimal solution provided by the non-feasible centralised power control algorithm in current technology.
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Parra, Avila Benigno Rafael. "On Rational and Periodic Power Series and on Sequential and Polycyclic Error-Correcting Codes". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1257886601.
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Kwak, Yongjun. "Near Shannon Limit and Reduced Peak to Average Power Ratio Channel Coded OFDM". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10176.
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Solutions to the problem of large peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are proposed. Although the design of PAPR reduction codewords has been extensively studied and the existence of asymptotically good codes with low PAPR has been proved, still no reduced PAPR capacity achieving code has been constructed. This is the topic of the current thesis.This goal is achieved by implementing a time-frequency turbo block coded OFDM.
In this scheme, we design the frequency domain component code to have a PAPR bounded by a small number. The time domain component code is designed to obtain good performance while the decoding algorithm has reasonable complexity. Through comparative numerical evaluation we show that our method achieves considerable improvement in terms of PAPR with slight performance degradation compared to capacity achieving codes with similar block lengths. For the frequency domain component code, we used the realization of Golay sequences as cosets of the fi rst order Reed-Muller code and the modi cation of dual BCH code. A simple MAP decoding algorithm for the modi ed dual BCH code is also provided. Finally, we provide a flexible and practical scheme based on probabilistic approach to a PAPR problem. This approach decreases the PAPR without any signi cant
performance loss and without any adverse impact or required change to the system.Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Makido, Satoshi, Takaya Yamazato, Masaaki Katayama i Akira Ogawa. "Hierarchical Transmission of Huffman Code Using Multi-Code/Multi-Rate DS/SS Modulation with Appropriate Power Control". IEICE, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7208.
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Cheng, Zhuo. "Hybrid Power Control in Time Division Scheduling Wideband Code Division Multiplex Access". Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91097.
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With high date rates using Enhanced Uplink (EUL), a conventional signal to interference ratio (SIR) based power control algorithm may lead to a power rush due to self interference or incompatible SIR target [2]. Time division (TD) scheduling in Wideband Code Division Multiplex Access (WCDMA) is considered to be a key feature in achieving high user data rates. Unfortunately, power oscillation/peak is observed in time division multiplexing (TDM) at the transition between active and inactive transmission time intervals [1]. Therefore there is a need to revisit power control algorithms for different time division scheduling scenarios. The objective of power control in the context of this study is to minimize the required rise over thermal noise (RoT) for a given data rate, subject to the constraint that the physical layer control channel quality is sufficient (assuming that the dedicated physical control channel (DPCCH) SIR should not go below 3dB with a probability of at most 5%). Another goal is to minimize the local oscillation in power (power peaks) that may occur, for example due to transitions between active and inactive transmission time intervals. The considered hybrid power control schemes are: (1) non-parametric Generalized rake receiver SIR (GSIR) Inner Loop Power Control (ILPC) during active transmission time intervals + Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) ILPC during inactive transmission time intervals and (2) RSCP ILPC during active transmission time intervals + GSIR ILPC during inactive transmission time intervals. Both schemes are compared with pure GSIR and pure RSCP ILPC. Link level simulations with multiple users connected to a single cell show that: The power peak problem is obviously observed in GSIR + GSIR transmit power control (TPC), but in general it performs well in all time division scenarios studied. GSIR outperforms other TPC methods in terms of RoT, especially in the TU channel model. This is because it is good in combating instantaneously changed fading and accurately estimates SIR. Among all TPC methods presented, GSIR + GSIR TPC is best in maintaining the quality of the DPCCH channel. No power rush is observed when using GSIR + GSIR TPC. RSCP + RSCP eliminates the power peak problem and outperforms other TPC methods presented under the 3GPP Pedestrial A (pedA) 3km/h channel in terms of RoT. However, in general it is worse in maintaining the control channel’s quality than GSIR + GSIR TPC. GSIR + RSCP ILPC eliminates the power peak problem and out-performs GSIR power control in the scenario of 2 and 4 TDM high data rate (HDR) UE and 2 TDM HDR UE coexistence with 4 Code DivisionMultiplex (CDM) LDR UE, in the pedA 3km/h channel, in terms of RoT. However, the control channel quality is not maintained as well during inactive transmission time intervals. It is not recommended to use RSCP + GSIR TPC since it performs worst among these TPC methods for most of the cases in terms of RoT, even though it is the second best in maintaining the control channel quality. The power peak is visible when using RSCP + GSIR TPC. To maintain the control channel’s quality, a minimum SIR condition is always used on top of all proposed TPC methods. However, when there are several connected TDM HDR UEs in the cell, results indicates that it is challenging to meet the quality requirement on the control channels. So it may become necessary to limit the number of connected terminals in a cell in a time division scenario.Med den höga datahastighet som Enhanced Uplink (EUL) medger kan en konventionell algoritm för effektkontroll baserad på signal to interference ratio (SIR) leda till effekthöjning beroende på självinterferens eller felaktigt SIR mål. Time division (TD) schedulering vid Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) anses vara en nyckelfunktion för att uppnå höga datahastigheter. I övergången mellan aktiv och inaktiv transmissionstidsintervall vid time division multiplexing (TDM) har effektoscillering/effektpeak observerats. Detta gör det nödvändigt att se över algoritmerna för effektkontroll vid olika scenarion av TD schedulering. Målet med effektkontrollen i denna studie är att minimera rise over thermal noise (RoT) för en given datahastighet givet begränsningen att kvaliteten på physical layer control channel är tillräcklig (beaktande att dedicated physical control channel (DPCCH) SIR inte understiger 3dB med en sannolikhet på som mest 5%). Ett annat mål är att minimera den lokala effektoscillationen (effektpeakar) som kan inträffa till exempel vid övergång mellan aktiv och inaktiv transmissionstidsintervall. De undersökta hybrida metoderna för effektkontroll är: (1) icke-parametrisk Generalized rake receiver SIR (GSIR) Inner Loop Power Control (ILPC) vid aktiv transmissionstidsintervall + Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) ILPC vid inaktiv transmissionstidsintervall och (2) RSCP ILPC under aktiv transmissionstidsintervall + GSIR ILPC under inaktiv transmissiontidsintervall. Båda metoderna jämförs med ren GSIR och ren RSCP ILPC. Länk nivå simulering med flera användare anslutna till en enda cell visar att: Problemet med effektpeakar observeras tydligt vid GSIR + GSIR transmit power control (TPC) men generellt sett presterar den bra i alla studerade TD scenarion. GSIR presterar bättre än andra TPC metoder beträffande RoT, speciellt i TU kanal modellen. Detta beror på att metoden är bra på att motverka momentant förändrad fading och med god precision estimerar SIR. Bland alla presenterade TPC metoder är GSIR + GSIR TPC den bästa på att behålla en god kvalitet på DPCCH kanalen. Ingen effekthöjning har observerats vid GSIR + GSIR TPC. RSCP + RSCP eliminerar problemet med effektpeakar och presterar bättre än andra TPC metoder presenterade under 3GPPs Pedestrial A (pedA) 3km/h kanal beträffande RoT. Dock är metoden generellt sett sämre på att behålla kontrollkanalens kvalitet än GSIR + GSIR TPC. GSIR + GSIR ILPC eliminerar problemet med effektpeakar och presterar bättre än GSIR power control i ett scenario med 2 och 4 TDM high data rate (HDR) UE och 2 TDM HDR UE tillsammans med 4 Code Division Multiplex (CDM) LDR UE i pedA 3km/h kanalen beträffande RoT. Dock kan inte kvaliteten på kontrollkanalen behållas i detta fall heller under inaktiv transmissionstidsintervall. Det är inte rekommenderat att använda RSCP + GSIR TPC eftersom den presterar sämst av alla TPC metoder beträffande RoT i de allra flesta fall. Till dess fördel är att den är den näst bästa på att behålla kvaliteten på kontrollkanalen. Effektpeakar har observerats när RSCP + GSIR TPC använts. För att behålla kontrollkanalens kvalitet används alltid en minimum SIR nivå ovanpå alla föreslagna TPC metoder. När det finns flera anslutna TDM HDR UEs i cellen indikerar resultaten att det är en utmaning att behålla kvalitetskraven på kontrollkanalen. På grund av detta kan det bli nödvändigt att begränsa antalet anslutna terminaler i en cell i ett TD scenario.
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Bendre, Vijay. "Power Electronic Control of a Partial Core Transformer". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4927.
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The research programme at the University of Canterbury includes the development and applications of partial core inductors and transformers for high voltage testing of
generator insulation. Unlike a conventional full core transformer, a partial core transformer has no limbs and yokes. A partial core transformer is a compromise
between a full core and coreless transformer. It is superior to its full core counterpart as far as cost, weight and ease of transportation are concerned.
Partial core transformers have a low magnetising reactance and hence draw a high magnetising current. This characteristic makes them a perfect fit in applications
where the load is capacitive in nature, such as a.c. power frequency high voltage testing of generator insulation and cable testing etc.
The work carried out for this thesis focuses on automatically controlling the amount of reactive power on the supply side of a partial core transformer. The considered design includes a third winding around the existing two windings. A power electronic controller is connected to the third winding, which modifies the VAr
absorption characteristics of the magnetically coupled supply winding.
Two options are considered to achieve continuous reactive power control in the partial core transformer as explained below.
First, a thyristor controlled reactor (TCR) is proposed as the VAr controller. It is modelled using PSCAD/EMTDC software. Simulations reveal the design criteria,
overall performance and the limitations of the suggested proposal. The TCR connected tertiary winding takes the capacitive burden of the supply. The model demonstrates the ability of the automatically controlled TCR to provide a continuous variation of reactive power without significant under or over compensation. This feature limits the supply current to its real component only, so the supply provides
only the losses of the system.
Second, a voltage source converter is considered as the VAr controller. This is modelled in PSCAD/EMTDC and a hardware prototype is designed and built. Based on the analysis, the control algorithm (including a digital PI controller) is implemented using an 8 bit micro-controller, PIC18LF4680. The prototype is tested in the laboratory for both active and inductive load conditions as seen from the
supply side. Performance of the hardware prototype is discussed in detail.
The PSCAD/EMTDC model and the hardware prototype successfully demonstrate the feasibility of a STATCOM controlled partial core transformer. The proposed
system is capable of compensating a wide range of capacitive loads as compared with its TCR counterpart.
It is proved that the system is very robust and remains dynamically stable for a large system disturbance such as change in load from full capacitive to inductive and vice
versa. This confirms that the system is capable of providing continuous VAr control.
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Andreta, Andre. "Automatic Design for Manufacturing in Power Electronics Based on Power Converter Arrays". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT059.
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Ce travail présente une méthode de conception et de fabrication automatique de convertisseurs de puissance appelée « Automatic Design for manufacturing » (ADFM). La méthode consiste en concevoir des « Power Converter Arrays » (PCA) via l’assemblage de cellules standards. La technique est inspirée de l’industrie de la microélectronique, des PEBB (Power Electronic Building Blocks) et des convertisseurs multicellulaires. La partie de puissance d’un PCA est formé par plusieurs Cellules Standards de Conversion (CSC) connectées en série ou/et en parallèle en entrée comme en sortie.Afin de prédire le comportement de tous les assemblages possibles de CSC, cette démarche s’appuie sur des modèles statistiques eux-mêmes déterminés par des caractérisations électrothermiques de convertisseurs tests. Cette thèse va établir les bases de cette modélisation en trois étapes : la définition d’un plan d’expérience ; la construction d’un banc d’essais pour réaliser des mesures automatiques, et finalement, l’étude des modèles statistiques permettant de réaliser prédictions précises.9 convertisseurs ont ainsi été réalisés et caractérisés, totalisant plus de 210 heures de tests afin de réaliser toutes les étapes allant de la caractérisation aux prédictions de l’efficacité et de la température d’un convertisseur. Finalement, afin de valider cette nouvelle méthode, deux cas pratiques ont été traités. Le premier vise à comparer les résultats estimés avec ceux réellement atteints par un PCA, le second s’attache à montrer les perspectives d’une telle approche en comparant les performances estimées de plusieurs PCAs pour un profil de mission donnéThis work presents an automatic design method for power electronic converters “Automatic Design for manufacturing” (ADFM). The method proposes to build power converter arrays (PCAs), by assembling standard-cells. The technique is highly inspired by the microelectronics industry, power electronics building blocks, and multicell converters. The power conversion stage of a PCA consists of several conversion standard cells (CSCs) connected in series and/or parallel.One of the primary basis for the proper functioning of the ADFM method is the use of models for predicting the behaviour of the possible assemblies of standard cells. This thesis establishes this base following a three-step procedure: defining a plan of experiments to choose the relevant measurements that bring the most information of the PCAs; building a test bench capable of performing automatic measurements and finally studying statistical modelling methods to perform accurate predictions.Experimental tests in nine different converters are performed, totalizing over 210 hours of tests. Predictions of efficiency and converter temperature made by the models are compared with real measurements to validate their accuracy. Finally, the models are employed for two main tasks: to assure that a given PCA in a given operating point has a safe operation; and to benchmark PCAs that perform similar power conversion
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Tennant, Mark P. "Low power adaptive equaliser architectures for wireless LMMSE receivers". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2565.
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Power consumption requires critical consideration during system design for portable wireless communication devices as it has a direct influence on the battery weight and volume required for operation. Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) techniques are favoured for use in future generation mobile communication systems. This thesis investigates novel low power techniques for use in system blocks within a W-CDMA adaptive linear minimum mean squared error (LMMSE) receiver architecture. Two low power techniques are presented for reducing power dissipation in the LMS adaptive filter, this being the main power consuming block within this receiver. These low power techniques are namely the decorrelating transform, this is a differential coefficient technique, and the variable length update algorithm which is a dynamic tap-length optimisation technique. The decorrelating transform is based on the principle of reducing the wordlength of filter coefficients by using the computed difference between adjacent coefficients in calculation of the filter output. The effect of reducing the wordlength of filter coefficients being presented to multipliers in the filter is a reduction in switching activity within the multiplier thus reducing power consumed. In the case of the LMS adaptive filter, with coefficients being continuously updated, the decorrelating transform is applied to these calculated coefficients with minimal hardware or computational overhead. The correlation between filter coefficients is exploited to achieve a wordlength reduction from 16 bits down to 10 bits in the FIR filter block. The variable length update algorithm is based on the principle of optimising the number of operational filter taps in the LMS adaptive filter according to operating conditions. The number of taps in operation can be increased or decreased dynamically according to the mean squared error at the output of the filter. This algorithm is used to exploit the fact that when the SNR in the channel is low the minimum mean squared error of the short equaliser is almost the same as that of the longer equaliser. Therefore, minimising the length of the equaliser will not result in poorer MSE performance and there is no disadvantage in having fewer taps in operation. If fewer taps are in operation then switching will not only be reduced in the arithmetic blocks but also in the memory blocks required by the LMS algorithm and FIR filter process. This reduces the power consumed by both these computation intensive functional blocks. Power results are obtained for equaliser lengths from 73 to 16 taps and for operation with varying input SNR. This thesis then proposes that the variable length LMS adaptive filter is applied in the adaptive LMMSE receiver to create a low power implementation. Power consumption in the receiver is reduced by the dynamic optimisation of the LMS receiver coefficient calculation. A considerable power saving is seen to be achieved when moving from a fixed length LMS implementation to the variable length design. All design architectures are coded in Verilog hardware description language at register transfer level (RTL). Once functional specification of the design is verified, synthesis is carried out using either Synopsys DesignCompiler or Cadence BuildGates to create a gate level netlist. Power consumption results are determined at the gate level and estimated using the Synopsys DesignPower tool.
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Santilli, Vincent. "THE EFFECTS OF POWER DISTANCE, AND GENDER ON THE USE OF NONVERBAL IMMEDIACY BEHAVIORS IN SYMMETRICAL AND ASYMMETRICAL POWER COND". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3715.
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Previous cross-cultural research in nonverbal immediacy indicates that nonverbal immediacy behavior varies across cultures, and some researchers have suggested that power distance might serve as a moderating variable, however no research has systematically set out to determine whether that is the case. This study assessed the perceived use of nonverbal immediacy under symmetric and asymmetric power conditions, as well as gender, in three cultures: Brazil, Kenya, and the United States. Quantitative data was collected from 527 participants who completed a nonverbal immediacy measure and an individual power distance measure under either a symmetric or an asymmetric power condition. Results related to power distance partially supported the idea that cultural power distance may act as a moderating variable with regard to the use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors. Related to gender, results revealed that: (a) female participants perceived more nonverbal immediacy behaviors than males, (b) under symmetric power conditions females were perceived to use more nonverbal immediacy than males, and (c) under asymmetric power conditions there was no statistically significant difference between use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors between females and males. Implications of results, limitations, and suggestions for future research are presented.M.A.
Nicholson School of Communication
Sciences
Communication MA
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Mazzoleni, E. "POTERE COME MODALITA' NORMATIVA NEL PENSIERO GIURIDICO GIAPPONESE". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/465137.
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My thesis is a juridical and philosophical inquiry about the name and the concept of legal power as a normative modality in Japanese law, through a comparison with the Western name and concept of legal power as a normative modality in Analytical jurisprudence and in Italian philosophy of law.
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WIGGERMANN, NEAL. "COMPLIANCE AND EVALUATION OF CODE FOR LOW ENERGY POWER OPERATED HANDICAP ACCESSIBLE DOORS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1187366086.
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Kamal, Sabrina Sharmin. ""Come on powerful, come on my fresh green" : representations of the child and constructions of childhood in Rabindranath Tagore's writings for children". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267967.
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The present study investigates Asia’s first Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore’s (1861-1941) writings for children, situating his work in the tumultuous time of colonial India marching towards independence. The study makes an original contribution to Tagore scholarship and the field of children’s literature arguing that Tagore’s designated protagonist, the Bengali child, subverts social and political structures of power and authority, and is a vehicle for the author’s hopes for future. The discourse of Tagore’s literature for children posits, hopes for, and construes an implied child reader - the imagined nation’s future citizens. His constructions of childhood, the study claims, are symbolic, oscillating between the reflective and the transformative and synthesising the author’s intentions, fears, desires, values and attitudes towards childhood. In order to reach its overarching conclusions, the present study has considered the political and social contexts of the original production of the texts which is reflected in the study’s theoretical assumption - the historicist reading of childhood informed by postcolonial and power-oriented theories of children’s literature. Close reading of a selection of Tagore’s writings for children suggest that Tagore’s own ideologies about childhood were decisively shaped by the colonial time and the colonised place in which he lived, and his images of childhood concentrate on physical landscapes of the indigenous Bengal in order to construct an imagined decolonised landscape, and form consciousness of national identity. The present study has also argued that Tagore’s fictional world(s) of children are a result of restorative re-imagining and re-inventing, not just manifestation of his personal grief and experiences. Additionally, Tagore has employed fictive children for a variety of conflicting and complementary uses: mighty and empowered children in fantasy critique fascist regimentation, but their images are juxtaposed elsewhere with realistic portrayals of helpless and disempowered children who are unable to seek agency against societal oppression. Tagore’s persistent but persuasive portrayals of uninspired children in mechanised colonial education and of coercive teachers and teaching methods illuminate his educational ideologies and confirm a prescriptive authorial presence in the narrative. Yet, the present study has contended that Tagore’s imagined childhood is an empowered time and space in which fictive children are able to acquire agency and self-awareness through a variety of pleasurable and unpleasurable experiences, functioning as a democratic channel where child-adult power relations are constantly being negotiated.
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King, Gemma. "Multilingualism and Power in Contemporary French Cinema". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA075.
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Le dialogue en langues autres que le français a figuré dans un petit nombre de films depuis la naissance du cinéma français. Cependant, l’usage de langues multiples pour (re)négocier les rapports de pouvoir devient un élément thématique et narratif important dans le cinéma contemporain. Dans ces films, la représentation du statut d’une gamme de langues autres que le français est en train d’évoluer. A travers l’apprentissage de la langue et le code-switching stratégique, les personnages obtiennent et exercent le pouvoir de manières novatrices. En exploitant leur connaissance d’une variété de langues, des linguas francas comme l’anglais, à des langues d’immigration, souvent socio-politiquement marginalisées, comme l’arabe ou le kurde, les personnages multilingues de ces films présentent une contre-perspective aux idéologies dominatrices du rôle et du statut de la langue française. Cette thèse examine le rôle du pouvoir social et son rapport avec la langue, tel qu’il est représenté dans les films multilingues français contemporains, en se focalisant en particulier sur quatre études de cas représentatives : Polisse (Maïwenn 2011), Un prophète (Jacques Audiard 2009), Welcome (Philippe Lioret 2009) et London River (Rachid Bouchareb 2009). Ces films sont analysés selon la perspective du multiculturalisme polycentrique, théorie développée par Ella Shohat et Robert Stam. Cette théorie propose « de disperser le pouvoir, de valoriser les dévalorisés, de transformer les institutions et discours subordonnants ». En considérant ces films comme l’illustration d’une tendance plus générale dans le cinéma français, cette thèse montre que les films français multilingues contemporains commencent à remettre en cause les politiques linguistiques qui placent, dans le cadre national, la langue française en position unique de « langue de pouvoir » et à introduire une nouvelle vision des rapports de pouvoir linguistiques, ce qui met en avant la valeur de langues étrangères (même les plus marginalisées historiquement), dans le contexte du cinéma français contemporainDialogue in languages other than French has appeared in a select number of films throughout the history of French cinema. Yet not only is multilingual dialogue vastly more present in twenty-first-century French film, but the use of multiple languages to (re)negotiate power dynamics is a striking narrative and thematic concern in contemporary French cinema. In multilingual film, the depiction of the status of a wide range of languages other than French is evolving from trivialised to deeply complex; through language learning and strategic code-switching, the characters of these films wrest power from one another and wield it in innovative ways. Exploiting their knowledge of a wide range of languages, from rival lingua francas like English to traditionally migrant or socio-politically marginalised languages such as Arabic or Kurdish, multilingual characters in these films offer a counter-perspective to dominating ideologies of the role and status of the French language.This thesis adopts a transnationalist approach to understandings of social power and language, analysing multilingual film through the framework of Ella Shohat and Robert Stam’s theory of polycentric multiculturalism, which “is about dispersing power, about empowering the disempowered, about transforming subordinating institutions and discourses” (Shohat and Stam 1994: 48). Unpacking the power dynamics at play in the multilingual film dialogue of four emblematic case studies (Polisse [Maïwenn 2011], Un prophète [Jacques Audiard 2009], Welcome [Philippe Lioret 2009] and London River [Rachid Bouchareb 2009]), the thesis posits that contemporary French multilingual films, henceforward referred to as CFMFs, represent a move towards revising the representation of language in French cinema, foregrounding the potential of languages other than French (even the maligned or historically disenfranchised) to empower their speakers and to transcend the traditional integrationist paradigm
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Huang, Wei. "Performance of CDMA power control and admission control in multi-service cellular systems". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0007/NQ34270.pdf.
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Simonini, Giorgio. "Qualification du calcul de la puissance des coeurs de réacteurs à plaques : développement et application d'une nouvelle approche géostatistique". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22273.
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Cette thèse a pour but de contribuer à la qualification du formulaire de calcul neutronique NARVAL, dédié aux coeurs de réacteurs à plaques. En particulier, l’objectif est de développer des méthodes innovantes permettant d’utiliser les données expérimentales inédites du programme HIPPOCAMPE pour évaluer la précision du profil de puissance calculé. La complexité provient de la localisation de l’instrumentation (chambres à fission placées entre les assemblages) et des hétérogénéités caractéristiques de ce type de coeurs (géométrie à plaques, poisons consommables et de contrôle solides). Pour aborder ce problème deux voies ont été mises en oeuvre : la première voie consiste à « combiner puis extrapoler » les écarts C/E observés afin de déterminer les incertitudes associées aux facteurs de puissance. Nous avons utilisé, pour ce faire, la méthode « P/A », traditionnellement employée dans les REP électrogènes mais jamais appliquée aux coeurs à plaques à ce jour. La deuxième voie passe, en revanche, par la reconstruction d’une nappe de puissance à utiliser comme référence (comparaison calcul/« expérience-reconstruite ») : nous avons focalisé notre travail sur des techniques géostatistiques. Après avoir constaté que les deux méthodes conduisent à des résultats satisfaisants (erreur comparable à l’incertitude expérimentale cible) nous avons continué notre recherche, en explorant les possibles développements et en introduisant en particulier une nouvelle méthode hybride (associant les techniques géostatistiques à la méthode P/A) qui permet d'améliorer ultérieurement la qualification du profil de puissance (écart-type des écarts C/E cohérent avec la constatation expérimentale)The aim of this doctoral thesis work is to contribute to the experimental validation of a neutron physic code, called NARVAL, devoted to the analysis of slab cores reactors. The primary objective is to develop some innovative methods in order to validate the computed power map starting from the original experimental data, provided by the HIPPOCAMPE campaign. The particular position of the instrumentation (fission chambers located between the assemblies) and the strong heterogeneities, characterising this specific core design (slab geometry, burnable and control neutron absorbers in solid state) represent the main challenge of this work. Two different approaches are investigated : the first one consists in “combining and extrapolating” the observed calculated/experimental results in order to evaluate the uncertainty of power coefficients. Among different solutions, the “P/A” method is chosen : it is usually employed to perform conventional PWR plant analysis and has never been applied before to slab cores. The latter aims to reconstruct a power map that could be used as a direct reference for code validation : in this case the geostatistical techniques are selected. These methods provide satisfactory results as estimated errors are in good agreement with the experimental uncertainty target. Nevertheless, in this work a new hybrid method, applying the geostatistical technics to the P/A scheme, is investigated and developed. The good agreement between the experimental and the estimated validations of the computed power map attests the noteworthy performance of this new method
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Rieser, Micha. "What can come of just hanging out? the power of politically oriented social groups /". CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/4114.
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Smola, Luděk. "Rozložení výkonu a teplot v palivových souborech reaktoru VVER-440 na Elektrárně Dukovany". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242044.
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This Master’s thesis focuses on calculation of power and temperature distribution in fuel assemblies of VVER-440 reactor at Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant. Theoretical section contains a brief description of VVER-440 technology, fuel and its development at Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant, basics of heat generation in nuclear reactors as well as an overview and categorization of computer codes, used for core calculations. Of these codes, the MOBY-DICK computer code is then described in depth, including its input and output files. The MOBY-DICK code is later on used for pinwise calculating power distribution of selected fuel cycles of defined units at Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant, with vizualization of output values for characteristic fuel assemblies. Results of this computation are then used for analysis, whether uneven power distribution in the core and heat generation gradient within fuel assemblies have any influence on measuring channel output temperatures, which is the pivotal part of this thesis.
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Child, Ryan. "Performance and Power Optimization of Parallel Discrete Event Simulations Using DVFS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1342730759.
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Ngema, Silindile Lucia. "Competitive biosorption of a mixture of cationic dyes from a multicomponent solution using modified pine cone powder". Thesis, Vaal University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/394.
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The biosorption of methyl violet and methylene blue onto modified pine cone powder was studied. Single and binary component systems studies were carried out for the biosorption of methyl violet and methylene blue onto raw, Fenton treated and acrylic acid grafted pine cone powder. Various experimental parameters were studied including initial dye concentration (200-900 mg/dm3), contact time, solution pH (4-12), mass of adsorbent (0.05-0.30g) and temperature (25-45 °C). Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations were used to analyze the kinetic data. It was found that the data follow the pseudo -second order kinetic model for all temperature studied. The experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freudlich isotherm model. The biosorption of methyl violet and methylene blue showed a better fit to Langmuir isotherm which properly describes the experimental data and that the sample surfaces are homogeneous. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as Gibbs energy (ΔG*), enthalpy change (ΔH*) and entropy change (ΔS*), were calculated which indicated the present system was spontaneous and exothermic process for methyl violet and methylene blue. It was found that enthalpy and entropy of acrylic acid grafted pine cone was higher as compared to raw and Fenton‘s reagent for methyl violet and methylene blue.
Raw, Fenton treated and acrylic acid pine cone powder were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), Thermogravimetic analysis (TGA/DTA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Brauner, Emmett and Teller (BET). The following parameters were used to determine the surface properties of the grafted pine cone: change in H+ concentration and oxidation reduction potential (ORP), surface negative charge, bulk density and acid number measurements. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of the organic compounds on the raw, Fenton treated and acrylic acid grafted pine cone powder. The UV/VIS determined the percentage removal of dyes from aqueous solution in single and binary component systems by comparing the raw, Fenton treated and Acrylic acid grafted pine cone powder. Thermo gravimetric analysis confirmed the reactions which occur at the molecular level of the raw, Raw + KMnO4 and Fenton treated + KMnO4 pine cone powder materials.
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The second order derivative spectroscopy (SODS) was a suitable method for the analysis of the study of cationic dyes in binary solution. To determine the unknown concentrations of methyl violet and methylene blue dyes in binary solution using SODS, maximum wavelengths 561.8 nm and 623.1 nm were obtained. It was found that the percentage removal was higher for acrylic acid grafted pine cone than Fenton‘s treated and raw pine cone and treated samples adsorbed more methyl violet that methylene blue.
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Jonsson, Carla. "Code-switching in Chicano Theater : Power, Identity and Style in Three Plays by Cherríe Moraga". Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Modern Languages, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-498.
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The thesis examines local and global functions of code-switching and code-mixing in Chicano theater, i.e. in writing intended for performance. The data of this study consists of three published plays by Chicana playwright Cherríe Moraga.
Distinguishing between code-switching and code-mixing, the investigation explores local and global functions of these phenomena. Local functions of code-switching are functions that can be seen in the text and, as a consequence, can be regarded as meaningful for the audience of the plays. These functions are examined, focussing on five loci in which code-switching is frequent and has clear local functions. The loci are quotations, interjections, reiterations, ‘gaps’ and word/language play.
Global functions of code-switching and code-mixing operate on a higher level and are not necessarily detected in the actual texts. These functions are discussed, focussing on two main areas, namely power relations (addressing questions of domination, resistance and empowerment) and identity construction (addressing questions of how identity can be reflected by use of language and how identity is constructed and reconstructed by means of language).
The study suggests that code-switching fills creative, artistic and stylistic functions in the plays and that code-switching and code-mixing can serve as responses to domination in that they can be used to resist, challenge and ultimately transform power relations.
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Menezes, Valerian M. "The executive power of the diocesan bishop according to the 1983 Code of Canon Law". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29061.
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Canon 391, §1 of the 1983 Code distinguishes the power of governance of a diocesan bishop as legislative, executive and judicial. This threefold distinction is based on the division of powers in a secular system of governance. Although, in a democratic civil society, three independent organs exercise legislative, executive and judicial powers, such a division is not possible in the Church because of the nature and the purpose of its power.
In the canonical tradition of the Church, the concepts of legislative and judicial powers have generally remained the same. However, the notion of executive power has been subject to progressive understanding, especially after the Second Vatican Council. The 1917 Code, in c. 335 stated that the bishop governs his diocese with legislative, judicial and coercive powers. The Second Vatican Council described it as right/duty of making laws, passing judgement and moderating. The seventh revision principle of the 1983 Code used the term "administrative" instead of "moderating." While the Code revision process had an inconsistent use of the terms "executive" and "administrative," the Code itself, in cc. 135, §1 and 391, §1 prefers the term "executive." Moreover, the Code also uses the expressions "administrative power" and "acts of administration." Some other documents related to the Code equate "executive power" with "administrative power." There is no consensus concerning these concepts in the post conciliar canonical literature. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the exact nature and scope of the executive power of a diocesan bishop in the Code.
The first chapter of this study discusses the theological nature of the power of the diocesan bishop in the light of the Second Vatican Council. This provides the theological context within which the juridical nature of the diocesan bishop's power of governance is to be understood. The focus of the second chapter is on the nature and scope of executive power in general, and its juridic nature. Here, the study proves that the expression "administrative power" in the Code refers to "executive power" itself. "Acts of administration" in the Code are distinct from "administrative acts," and therefore, they are subject to distinct processes. With this clarification, the study provides a definition of executive power. After analysing the acts of executive power in general (the general and singular administrative acts), in the third chapter, the study makes an attempt in the final chapter to determine the acts of the diocesan bishop's executive power in the 1983 Code, and then draws some conclusions.
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Jonsson, Carla. "Code-switching in Chicano theater : power, identity and style in three plays by Cherríe Moraga /". Umeå : Institutionen för moderna språk, Umeå universitet, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-498.
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Draganescu, Mihai. "Study of supercritical coal-fired power plant dynamic responses and control for grid code compliance". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73963/.
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The thesis is concerned with the study of the dynamic responses of a supercritical coal-fired power plant via mathematical modelling and simulation. Supercritical technology leads to much more efficient energy conversion compared with subcritical power generation technology so it is considered to be a viable option from the economic and environmental aspects for replacement of aged thermal power plants in the United Kingdom. However there are concerns for the adoption of this technology as it is unclear whether the dynamic responses of supercritical power plants can meet the Great Britain Grid Code requirement in frequency responses and frequency control. To provide answers to the above concerns, the PhD research project is conducted with the following objectives: to study the dynamic responses of the power plant under different control modes in order to assess its compliance in providing the frequency control services specified by the Great Britain Grid Code; to evaluate and improve the performance of the existing control loops of the power plant simulator and in this regard a controller based on the Dynamic Matrix Control algorithm was designed to regulate the coal flow rate and another controller based on the Generalized Predictive Control algorithm was implemented to regulate the temperature of the superheated steam; to conduct an investigation regarding frequency control at the power plant level followed by an analysis of the frequency control requirements extracted from the Grid Codes of several European and non-European countries. The structure and operation of the supercritical power plant was intensively studied and presented. All the simulation tests presented in this thesis were carried out by the mean of a complex 600 megawatts power plant simulator developed in collaboration with Tsinghua University from Beijing, China. The study of the conducted simulation tests indicate that it is difficult for this type of power plant to comply with the frequency control requirements of the Great Britain Grid Code in its current control method. Therefore, it is essential to investigate more effective control strategies aiming at improving its dynamic responses. In the thesis, new Model Predictive Control power plant control strategies are developed and the performance of the control loops and consequently of the power plant are greatly improved through implementation of Model Predictive Control based controllers.
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Weight, Donovan Stoddard. ""Come Recently from Guinea": Control and Power in the African-Descended Illinois Country, 1719-1848". OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/227.
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During the eighteenth century, African slavery played a fundamental role in the lives of settlers in the Illinois Country. The master class viewed slavery in terms of control meaning the complete domination of the slave system. Lawmakers, first the French bureaucracy and later (to a lesser extent) the Americans, pursued control through legislation. The most notable slave code was the French, Code Noir de la Louisiane, which tried to specifically address every conceivable slave situation. French settlers in the area also sought control of the slave system through the selective implementation of the law. African-descended people viewed slavery in terms of power. Slavery created imbalances in the lives of these people that they tried to rectify through accessing both spiritual and temporal power. The mode of accessing spiritual power that African-descended enslaved people in the Illinois Country used demonstrates a West-Central-African mindset and is best understood within the context of the African Atlantic Diaspora. Though the Illinois Country changed colonial hands several times from 1673 to 1818, the population makeup and slave system remained relatively unchanged until the massive influx of American settlers at the turn of the nineteenth century. During the beginning of the American administration of the Illinois Country, some French slaveholders integrated into the American indenture system, others remained aloof, and most moved to the Missouri side of the Mississippi River. The coming of the Americans eventually brought about the end of the French settlers and their enslaved people as separately identifiable entities in the Illinois Country.
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Batista, Fabio. "Sobre poder e corpo em Foucault". Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Letras e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000199357.
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A pesquisa aqui apresentada tem como tema poder e corpo na filosofia de Foucault. Na qual partiu-se de tal problema: por que tal tema, a partir do estudo das disciplinas, passou a ocupar um papel de destaque no início de 1970? E tendo um lugar de importância na década de 1970, entre os objetos e problemas investigados por Foucault, que tratamento recebeu, como foi pensado? Nossa hipótese era de que temas tais como instituições, internamento, terapêutica asilar, hospital e medicina indicavam uma atenção de Foucault, já na década de 1960, ao tema do poder. Já o corpo, por sua vez, apareceu atrelado aos estudos do olhar médico, e do corpo utópico. Tudo isso apontava que havia em Foucault, antes da década de 1970, um estudo sobre o poder e o corpo. E ao fim, firmou-se: sim, entre uma década e outra encontram-se pontos de contato, temáticas que se tocam: do internamento, e do hospital à disciplina; do corpo doente, e do corpo utópico ao corpo dócil e útil.The research bears the subject power and body on Foucault?s philosophy. The kick up point was the following issue: why does such issue, beginning from the studies of discipline, got an outstanding role in early 1970? And thus having an outstanding spot in the 70s, between the objects and issues investigated by Foucault, what treatment did it receive? How was it thought over? Our hypothesis was that issues such as institutions, admission to the hospitals, resting home therapeutics, hospital and medicine indicated Foucault?s attention towards power in the 60s. As far as body is concerned it has been connected to the studies of medical view as well as the utopian body. All of it pointed that there was in Foucault, before the 70s, a study on power and body. Eventually, it turned out a positive outcome: between a decade and another there are contact points and interrelated subjects: from hospital admission, from hospital to discipline; from teachers, and from utopian body to docile and serviceable body.
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Calabretta, Jacob S. "A Three Dimensional Vortex Particle-Panel Code For Modeling Propeller-Airframe Interaction". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/336.
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Analysis of the aerodynamic effects of a propeller flowfield on bodies downstream of the propeller is a complex task. These interaction effects can have serious repercussions for many aspects of the vehicle, including drag changes resulting in larger power requirements, stability changes resulting in adjustments to stabilizer sizing, and lift changes requiring wing planform adjustments.
Historically it has been difficult to accurately account for these effects at any stage during the design process. More recently methods using Euler solvers have been developed that capture interference effects well, although they don't provide an ideal tool for early stages of aircraft design, due to computational cost and the time and expense of setting up complex volume grids. This research proposes a method to fill the void of an interference model useful to the aircraft conceptual and preliminary designer.
The proposed method combines a flexible and adaptable tool already familiar to the conceptual designer in the aerodynamic panel code, with a pseudo-steady slipstream model wherein rotational effects are discretized onto vortex particle point elements. The method maintains a freedom from volume grids that are so often necessary in the existing interference models. In addition to the lack of a volume grid, the relative computational simplicity allows the aircraft designer the freedom to rapidly test radically different configurations, including more unconventional designs like the channel wing, thereby providing a much broader design space than otherwise possible.
Throughout the course of the research, verification and validation studies were conducted to ensure the most accurate model possible was being applied. Once the vortex particle scheme had been verified, and the ability to model an actuator disk with vortex particles had been validated, the overall product was compared against propeller-wing wind tunnel results conducted specifically as benchmarks for numerical methods.
The method discussed in this work provides a glimpse into the possibility of pseudo-steady interference modeling using vortex particles. A great groundwork has been laid that already provides reasonable results, and many areas of interest have been discovered where future work could improve the method further. The current state of the method is demonstrated through simulations of several configurations including a wing and nacelle and a channel wing.
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Karim, Md Anisul. "Weighted layered space-time code with iterative detection and decoding". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1095.
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Multiple antenna systems are an appealing candidate for emerging fourth-generation wireless networks due to its potential to exploit space diversity for increasing conveyed throughput without wasting bandwidth and power resources. Particularly, layered space-time architecture (LST) proposed by Foschini, is a technique to achieve a significant fraction of the theoretical capacity with a reasonable implementation complexity. There has been a great deal of challenges in the detection of space-time signal; especially to design a low-complexity detector, which can efficiently remove multi-layer interference and approach the interference free bound. The application of iterative principle to joint detection and decoding has been a promising approach. It has been shown that, the iterative receiver with parallel interference canceller (PIC) has a low linear complexity and near interference free performance. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that the performance of digital communication systems can be considerably improved once the channel state information (CSI) is used to optimize the transmit signal. In this thesis, the problem of the design of a power allocation strategy in LST architecture to simultaneously optimize coding, diversity and weighting gains is addressed. A more practical scenario is also considered by assuming imperfect CSI at the receiver. The effect of channel estimation errors in LST architecture with an iterative PIC receiver is investigated. It is shown that imperfect channel estimation at an LST receiver results in erroneous decision statistics at the very first iteration and this error propagates to the subsequent iterations, which ultimately leads to severe degradation of the overall performance. We design a transmit power allocation policy to take into account the imperfection in the channel estimation process. The transmit power of various layers is optimized through minimization of the average bit error rate (BER) of the LST architecture with a low complexity iterative PIC detector. At the receiver, the PIC detector performs both interference regeneration and cancellation simultaneously for all layers. A convolutional code is used as the constituent code. The iterative decoding principle is applied to pass the a posteriori probability estimates between the detector and decoders. The decoder is based on the maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithms. A closed-form optimal solution for power allocation in terms of the minimum BER is obtained. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, substantial simulation results are provided.
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Karim, Md Anisul. "Weighted layered space-time code with iterative detection and decoding". School of Electrical & Information Engineering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1095.
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Master of Engineering (Research)Multiple antenna systems are an appealing candidate for emerging fourth-generation wireless networks due to its potential to exploit space diversity for increasing conveyed throughput without wasting bandwidth and power resources. Particularly, layered space-time architecture (LST) proposed by Foschini, is a technique to achieve a significant fraction of the theoretical capacity with a reasonable implementation complexity. There has been a great deal of challenges in the detection of space-time signal; especially to design a low-complexity detector, which can efficiently remove multi-layer interference and approach the interference free bound. The application of iterative principle to joint detection and decoding has been a promising approach. It has been shown that, the iterative receiver with parallel interference canceller (PIC) has a low linear complexity and near interference free performance. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that the performance of digital communication systems can be considerably improved once the channel state information (CSI) is used to optimize the transmit signal. In this thesis, the problem of the design of a power allocation strategy in LST architecture to simultaneously optimize coding, diversity and weighting gains is addressed. A more practical scenario is also considered by assuming imperfect CSI at the receiver. The effect of channel estimation errors in LST architecture with an iterative PIC receiver is investigated. It is shown that imperfect channel estimation at an LST receiver results in erroneous decision statistics at the very first iteration and this error propagates to the subsequent iterations, which ultimately leads to severe degradation of the overall performance. We design a transmit power allocation policy to take into account the imperfection in the channel estimation process. The transmit power of various layers is optimized through minimization of the average bit error rate (BER) of the LST architecture with a low complexity iterative PIC detector. At the receiver, the PIC detector performs both interference regeneration and cancellation simultaneously for all layers. A convolutional code is used as the constituent code. The iterative decoding principle is applied to pass the a posteriori probability estimates between the detector and decoders. The decoder is based on the maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithms. A closed-form optimal solution for power allocation in terms of the minimum BER is obtained. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, substantial simulation results are provided.
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Kuo, Hoi. "A study of crest factor reduction for WCDMA and IS-95 systems". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38778026.
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Bülow, Fredrik. "A Generator Perspective on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-197855.
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The wind energy conversion system considered in this thesis is based on a vertical axis wind turbine with a cable wound direct drive PM generator. Diode rectifiers are used to connect several such units to a single DC-bus and a single inverter controls the power flow from the DC-bus to a utility grid. This work considers the described system from a generator perspective i.e. the turbine is primarily seen as a torque and the inverter is seen as a controlled load. A 12 kW VAWT prototype with a single turbine has been constructed within the project. The power coefficient of this turbine has been measured when the turbine is operated at various tip speed ratios. This measurement determines both how much energy the turbine can convert in a given wind and at what speed the turbine should be operated in order to maximise the energy capture. The turbine torque variation during the revolution of the turbine has also been studied. A PM generator prototype has been constructed in order to study power loss in the stator core at low electrical frequencies. Heat exchange between the stator and the air-gap between the stator and the rotor has been studied. Heat exchange between the stator and the air-gap is increased by turbulence caused by the rotor. The generator was also used in a demonstration of a DC-grid where two diode rectified PM generators supplied power to a single DC load. An initial study of an inverter suitable for grid connection of the 12 kW PM generator has been performed. Several turbine control strategies are evaluated in simulations. The control strategies only require the parameter "turbine speed" to determine the optimal system load.
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Miller, Michael A. "21st century roles and missions : identifying Air Force core competencies and core capabilities /". Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=4424120d-705b-40e2-a107-0aead299c5d9&rs=PublishedSearch.
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Payami, Maryam. "Instruction prefetching techniques for ultra low-power multicore architectures". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12462/.
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As the gap between processor and memory speeds increases, memory latencies have become a critical bottleneck for computing performance. To reduce this bottleneck, designers have been working on techniques to hide these latencies. On the other hand, design of embedded processors typically targets low cost and low power consumption. Therefore, techniques which can satisfy these constraints are more desirable for embedded domains. While out-of-order execution, aggressive speculation, and complex branch prediction algorithms can help hide the memory access latency in high-performance systems, yet they can cost a heavy power budget and are not suitable for embedded systems. Prefetching is another popular method for hiding the memory access latency, and has been studied very well for high-performance processors. Similarly, for embedded processors with strict power requirements, the application of complex prefetching techniques is greatly limited, and therefore, a low power/energy solution is mostly desired in this context.
In this work, we focus on instruction prefetching for ultra-low power processing architectures and aim to reduce energy overhead of this operation by proposing a combination of simple, low-cost, and energy efficient prefetching techniques. We study a wide range of applications from cryptography to computer vision and show that our proposed mechanisms can effectively improve the hit-rate of almost all of them to above 95%, achieving an average performance improvement of more than 2X. Plus, by synthesizing our designs using the state-of-the-art technologies we show that the prefetchers increase system’s power consumption less than 15% and total silicon area by less than 1%. Altogether, a total energy reduction of 1.9X is achieved, thanks to the proposed schemes, enabling a significantly higher battery life.
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Naveed, Muhammad. "Multicore Optimized Real-Time Protocol for Power Control Networks". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-90367.
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The Technology today is changing at a fast pace. The growth of computers and telecommunications over the past three decades has been extraordinary. We today are at the point where all technologies related to communication and data transfer are submerging to a common platform. A number of different methods are available for data communication or data transfer. The important factor in all communication setups is to satisfy user demands with low cost and reliability. The area of interest for this thesis is future energy substations and wind mills. In order to make things more straight forward and see its different options and capabilities the focus is on designing and implementing a new energy protocol called Energy Real Time Protocol (eRTP) based on Iyad Real Time Protocol (iRTP) [2]. The protocol is designed to meet the requirements of power and energy networks in terms of sending the energy parameters with VoIP data (optional) among power stations at different locations. Keeping in mind the importance transferring energy parameters in real-time, the presented protocol has built upon small individual algorithms/modules designed for multi-core architecture. Each module is supposed to be processed by an individual core/processor in parallel.
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Lindström, Åsa. "Using Architectural Principles to make the IT-Strategy come true : focusing on the electric power ndustry". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4130.
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Most large enterprises are facing numerous challenges concerning their information systems, IS, and information and communication technology, ICT. Today, many enterprises employ a considerable number of applications that often have redundant functionality. There is also a large diversification in the ICT products and technologies employed. Further, integration costs are a major issue in almost all acquisition projects and many enterprises experience a lack of data quality and information security. The list of IS/ICT management challenges can be made much longer. At most enterprises, IS/ICT decisions are made by autonomous business units. In order to change the situation described above and build a more cost-effective IS/ICT environment, all business units need to make consistent IS/ICT decisions. Distributed and consistent decisions can only be made if the decision maker knows which decisions to make and why he/she needs to make them. The latter can be described by the target architecture for the whole enterprise IS/ICT, the information needed to conduct the business and its relationship to the business processes and business organization together with the benefits that the target architecture provides to the business. Which decisions to make are formulated into architectural principles, i.e. rules that express how your enterprise needs to design and deploy IS/ICT. The present thesis is a composite thesis including eight papers. The first four papers describe the reference model for IS/ICT management responsibilities that is one of the outcomes of the present research. Two different surveys have been performed in order to find out what the major IS/ICT management challenges are. The first survey was answered by 62 Swedish Chief Information Officers, CIOs, from large private enterprises as well as municipalities. The second survey was answered by twelve CIO’s from the European electric power industry. In the fifth paper, one of the IS/ICT management responsibilities, i.e. data quality, is used to illustrate how the IS/ICT manager’s responsibilities can be decomposed into measurable units. Over 70 respondents were used in order to perform an enterprise- wide measurement of the data quality at a Swedish insurance company. The last three papers are devoted to architectural principles. Architectural principles are introduced and guidelines on how to define and manage them are proposed in the sixth paper. The guidelines have been used in a review of Vattenfall’s architectural principles. In the last two papers, architectural principles and the reference model are combined in a methodology for assessing the enterprise architecture. The methodology has been used in two different case studies, one at Vattenfall and one at Scania. In both case studies multiple information systems were assessed from many different viewpoints resulting in that many respondents were interviewed.QC 20100908
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Lindström, Åsa. "Using architectural principles to make the IT-strategy come true : focusing on the electric power industry /". Stockholm : Industrial Information and Control Systems, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4130.
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Koh, W. J. "Radiation hazard evaluation for a high power mobile electromagnetic radiation weapon using the numerical electromagnetic code". Thesis, Monterey, California: U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22448.
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Mulligan, Thomas C. "Lest the Rebels Come to Power: The Life of William Dennison, 1815-1882, Early Ohio Republican". The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1384511018.
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Mulligan, Thomas Cecil. "Lest the rebels come to power: the life of William Dennison, 1815-1882, early Ohio Republican /". The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148785391310222.
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Zaborowski, Jeremy Ronald. "Valuation of an advanced combined cycle power plant and its cost of new entry (CONE) into the ERCOT market". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26019.
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The Texas ERCOT market is one of the most open, deregulated electricity markets in the world. This open market brought electricity costs down for Texas residents and businesses, creating a much more competitive economic climate. However, these low prices currently generate insufficient revenue for generators to finance construction of new or replacement generation assets. In the instance of combined cycle advanced natural gas, the Independent Market Monitor 2012 annual report estimated that a plant needed to generate 2.5 times as much as revenue it did in 2012 to incent new generation.
This author argues that while the gap is still significant, the continuous changes to the ERCOT market since its inception make an historical examination like that used by the IMM less accurate. New market rules such as price caps or changes in fuel markets through new technologies like hydraulic fracturing create a very different valuation gap than a model based on historical activity alone. This analysis attempts to get a more accurate approximation of the gap through the use of publicly traded futures contracts for natural gas and electricity. Electricity futures reflect market expectations of revenue based on current and future market rules. Gas futures reflect price expectations in light of market changes like fracturing, potential LNG exports, and other changes. Financial positions can be maintained in both markets to give a fixed rate of return. Using this method, one can create a very conservative valuation model that still more accurately reflects market sentiment.
This thesis starts with a brief history of ERCOT deregulation from the early 2000s to present in order to clarify for the reader the changes that have taken place in the market. It then demonstrates the futures-valuation model using an advanced combined cycle power plant as an example.text
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Lin, Sheng-Chang, i 林聖昌. "Conical Nanopore : Influences of Cone Angle on the Ion Current Rectification Behavior and Influences of Diffusion Direction on Salinity Gradient Power". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fuxmjv.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
化學工程學研究所
105
Due to its potential applications in biotechnology, ion current rectification (ICR) arising from the asymmetric nature of ion transport in a nanochannel has drawn the attention of researchers in various fields. In the former, the influences of the cone angle, surface charge density, and bulk salt concentration on this behavior are investigated, and mechanisms proposed to explain the results obtained. We show that if the cone angle is enlarged by fixing the nanopore tip radius and raising its base radius, the ICR ratio has a local maximum. This behavior may not present if the cone angle is enlarged by fixing the nanopore base radius and raising its tip radius. This ratio also has a local maximum as the surface charge density varies and the larger the cone angle the higher the surface charge density at which the local maximum in the ICR ratio occurs. In the latter, to assess the possibility of energy harvesting through reverse electrodialysis (RED), we consider the electrokinetic behavior of the ion transport in a pH-regulated conical nanopore connecting two large reservoirs having different bulk salt concentrations. In particular, the influences of the ion diffusion direction, the solution pH, and the bulk concentration ratio on that behavior are examined in detail, and the underlying mechanisms discussed. We show that the geometrically asymmetric nature of the nanopore yields profound and interesting phenomena arising mainly from the distribution of ions in its interior. We show that a power of 18.3 pW can be generated, and the maximum power efficiency of 0.53 achieved from a PET nanopore
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Viswanath, G. "Robustness And Localization In Time-Varying Spectral Estimation". Thesis, 1997. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1814.
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"The effective cone on symmetric powers of curves". STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3338163.
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chen, chun-pei, i 陳群霈. "Power-Density Code Transformation for Functional Units". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93974365853419945083.
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碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程所
98
Due to the progress of semiconductor technology, the number of transistors is more increasing in the chip leads to the rapid growth of the power density, and bringing a critical problem of temperature elevation. The power density for the function unit(FU) in the chip is exceedingly disproportionate, thus causes the high temperature of the locality die. The high temperature of the chip incurs to consume much power, degrades the performance, reduces the processor reliability, and even damages the hardware. The most of pervious work raises the same functional units to distribute the workload for thermal decreasing. The method is useful, but it increases the more hardware cost. In our thesis, we propose a method that exploiting the idle and different functional units to migrate overheating functional units without any hardware cost. But the different units can not directly execute instructions of overheating unit, and therefore it has to be transformed by our code transformation algorithm. Thus, we can succeed in more balancing FU thermal by idle and cooling unit. The experiment is performed on Sim-Panalyzer and HotSpot simulator to evaluate the power and temperature of functional units impact. In contrast without our algorithm, we can sufficiently use the hardware resource to reduce the overheating function unit situation.
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蔡錫欣. "Low Power Bus Codec Scheme with Gray Code". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88486942264081638468.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
資訊工程學系
101
As technology advances, interconnect delay has become a significant element for circuit performance in deep sub-micrometers system on-chip designs. The data pattern dependent signal switching of crosstalk caused delays compels bus cycle time for the worst case in many digital processors. Because of on-chip bus power is dominated by the switching activities. So this method correlated switching and the proposed codec can effectively solve the above-mentioned problem. The paper are performed on 4-bits and 8-bits bus line based on TSMC 0.18μm, the experiment results show that, our codec reduces the average power by 58.47% and reduces the delay time by 14.3% compared to Bus-invert method.