Artykuły w czasopismach: „Poverty Conceptions”

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Connell, R. W., Viv White i Ken Johnston. "POVERTY AND EDUCATION: Changing Conceptions". Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 11, nr 1 (październik 1990): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0159630900110102.

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Miskovic, Spomenka. "Conceptions of poverty and wealth among schoolchildren". Psihologija 36, nr 2 (2003): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0302199m.

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This research attempts to explore conceptions of poverty and wealth typical for Belgrade schoolchildren in two different ages: 13,5 years and 17,5 years (total N=222). We identified the content and the structure of conceptions, as well as the age differences for every conception element. The criteria for identification that younger children used were: possessing, appearance, psychical characteristic and specific social group affiliation, while older children demonstrated social schemes of larger complexity and stated: general needs, evaluation of life, different ways of becoming rich or poor, describing life-styles. Relations between various explanations of poverty and wealth revealed the existence of one homogeneous structural component (blaming the system) as well as the presence of conditional non homogeneous individualistic one. Schoolchildren with higher socioeconomic status prefered individualistic (positive) explanations of wealth in comparison with children that had lower socioeconomic status. At the same time, we found no difference in using structuralistic explanations of poverty between schoolchildren who had different socioeconomic status. Parental level of education turned out to be irrelevant for social criticism.

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Schliesser, Christine. "On a Long Neglected Player: The Religious Factor in Poverty Alleviation". Exchange 43, nr 4 (22.12.2014): 339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341336.

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Much of poverty alleviation theory and practice fails to sufficiently consider the following crucial factor: the religious dimension. This paper elaborates this thesis by focusing on the African context and the valuable resources African religious communities and movements can provide in the struggle against poverty. One particularly influential streak of present-time African religiousness serves as a case study: the so-called ‘Prosperity Gospel’ as part of Pentecostal Christianity. The author first argues for the continuing formative influence of religion on African conceptions of self, other, and world. Secondly, she provides a critical assessment of the impact of Pentecostalism and the ‘Prosperity Gospel’ on poverty alleviation. In comparison with secular ngos, Pentecostal churches emerge as the more effective agents of change. A third part situates the insights gained into a wider perspective, seeking ways to integrate the religious factor into a more holistic conception of and engagement against poverty

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Haider, Jutta, i David Bawden. "Conceptions of “information poverty” in LIS: a discourse analysis". Journal of Documentation 63, nr 4 (31.07.2007): 534–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00220410710759002.

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Chafel, Judith A. "Schooling, the Hidden Curriculum, and Children's Conceptions of Poverty". Social Policy Report 11, nr 1 (marzec 1997): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.1997.tb00004.x.

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Moon, Tonya R., i Catherine M. Brighton. "Primary Teachers' Conceptions of Giftedness". Journal for the Education of the Gifted 31, nr 4 (1.01.2008): 447–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4219/jeg-2008-793.

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This article focuses on the first phase of a recent National Research Center on Giftedness and Talented (NRC/GT) project, which used survey research to target a disproportionate nationally stratified random sample of primary grade teachers about their beliefs and practices related to talent development in young children and their responses to case studies describing four different types of students—one easily identified as gifted from a traditional paradigm; the others manifested talents masked by some other factor—poverty, language status, or concurrent social/emotional needs. The mixed-method survey design facilitated triangulation of findings to better understand the contextual factors that influence primary grade teachers' perceptions and behaviors. Findings indicate that primary grade teachers continue to hold traditional conceptions of talent that shapes how they view cultural minority students, nonnative English speakers, and children with other exceptionalities. These beliefs influence the types of academic, social, and programmatic interventions they believe diverse primary grade learners need, often seeing the deficits before identifying the talents.

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Seider, Scott C., Samantha A. Rabinowicz i Susan C. Gillmor. "Changing American College Students’ Conceptions of Poverty Through Community Service Learning". Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 11, nr 1 (13.12.2010): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-2415.2010.01224.x.

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Leong Yee, Ethan. "‘Poverty, Queen and Empress’: A Re-evaluation of the Grandmontine Conceptions of Poverty and the Evangelical Life". Journal of Medieval Monastic Studies 9 (styczeń 2020): 51–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.jmms.5.120396.

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Pogge, Thomas W. "Responsibilities for Poverty-Related Ill Health". Ethics & International Affairs 16, nr 2 (wrzesień 2002): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2002.tb00398.x.

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In a democratic society, the social rules are imposed by all upon each. As “recipients” of the rules, we tend to think that they should be designed to engender the best attainable distribution of goods and ills or quality of life. We are inclined to assess social institutions by how they affect their participants. But there is another, oft-neglected perspective which the topic of health equity raises with special clarity: As imposers of the rules, we are inclined to think that harms we inflict through the rules have greater moral weight than like harms we merely fail to prevent or to mitigate. What matters morally is not merely how we affect people, but how we treat them through the rules we impose. While current (consequentialist and Rawlsian) theorizing is dominated by the first perspective and thus supports purely recipient-oriented moral conceptions, an adequate approach to social justice requires a balancing of both. Such balancing results in a relational conception of justice, which distinguishes various ways in which an institutional scheme may causally affect the quality of life of its participants.This essay argues that the strength of our moral reason to prevent or mitigate particular medical conditions depends not only on what one might call distributional factors, such as how badly off the people affected by these conditions are in absolute and relative terms, how costly prevention or treatment would be, and how much patients would benefit from given treatment. Rather, it depends also on relational factors, that is, on how we are related to the medical conditions they suffer. It then discusses some implications of this view for understanding responsibilities for international health outcomes.

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McClure, Julia, Amitava Chowdhury, Sarah Easterby-Smith, Norberto Ferreras, Omar Gueye, Meha Priyadarshini, Steven Serels i Jelmer Vos. "Inquality and the Future of Global History: A Round Table Discussion". Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies 3, nr 1 (18.09.2019): 53–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jiows.v3i1.58.

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The following is an edited transcript of a roundtable that took place at the University of Glasgow in September 2018. The roundtable was organized by Dr. Julia McClure in conjunction with the Poverty Research Network’s conference - Beyond Development: The Local Visions of Global Poverty. That conference brought into focus the ways in which the global and local levels meet at the site of poverty and highlighted the different conceptions on the global are generated from the perspective of poverty. The roundtable brought together leading scholars from Europe, Africa, Asia and North and South America to take stock of global history as a field, to consider the role of existing centres of knowledge production, and to assess new directions for the field.

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Guetzkow, Josh. "Common Cause? Policymaking Discourse and the Prison/Welfare Trade-Off". Politics & Society 48, nr 3 (11.08.2020): 321–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329220942080.

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This article advances our understanding of the well-documented trade-off between welfare and prisons by analyzing US congressional hearings on welfare and criminal justice policies in two periods: the “Great Society” of 1961–67 and the “neoliberal” era of 1981–96. Comparing policymakers’ conceptions about the causes of poverty and crime, about poor and criminal populations, and about the proper role of government, the findings show that conceptions across policy domains are similar in each period and have changed in similar ways over time. These changes correspond to markedly different policy responses to poverty and crime in the two periods, favoring welfare over prisons in the earlier period and prisons over welfare in the later period. The article discusses the implications for an understanding of the punitive turn in public policies, for theories of social control, and for research on the role of ideas in policymaking.

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Leff, Gordon. "The Bible and Rights in the Franciscan Disputes Over Poverty". Studies in Church History. Subsidia 4 (1985): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900003641.

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Among the more far-reaching consequences of the disputes over absolute poverty in the Franciscan Order was the emergence of a doctrine of natural rights. Or rather conflicting doctrines, drawn from conflicting interpretations of the life of Christ and the apostles, which crystallized in the debates between Pope John XXII and members of the Order in the 1320s and 1330s over Christ’s absolute poverty. Both the Pope, in denying that Christ had ever lived in absolute poverty, and his Franciscan opponents, who upheld the Franciscan doctrine that he had, arrived at rival conceptions of the rights involved in either possessing or renouncing temporal things.

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Molle, François, i Peter Mollinga. "Water poverty indicators: conceptual problems and policy issues". Water Policy 5, nr 5-6 (1.10.2003): 529–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2003.0034.

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In the wake of a growing concern about both the unchecked rise of poverty and the local and global consequences of water scarcity, the relationships between water and poverty are the object of a sprawling literature. Indicators are presented as indispensable tools for informing and orienting policy-making, comparing situations and measuring performance. This paper first reviews different conceptions of water scarcity and shows the variety of associated causes. A brief look at the virtues and shortcomings of some of the indicators used in the development sector then serves to introduce a review of the major water-scarcity/poverty indicators found in the literature. The reasons for their popularity and vitality are critically examined, and the links between indicators and policy-making are discussed.

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Durbrow, Eric H., Liane F. Pen, Ann Masten, Art Sesma i Ian Williamson. "Mothers’ conceptions of child competence in contexts of poverty: The Philippines, St Vincent, and the United States". International Journal of Behavioral Development 25, nr 5 (wrzesień 2001): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502501316934860.

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To explore mothers’ conceptions of child competence in three contexts of poverty, 58 mothers in a Filipino village, a Caribbean village, and an inner-city American homeless shelter described competent children in their communities. Interview responses addressed several questions. First, do mothers in these diverse settings share similar criteria in evaluating children? As expected, all three groups of mothers described competent children as well-behaved and obedient, satisfactory students, helpful in the family, and friendly with peers. Second, are adolescents less likely than younger children to be identi” ed spontaneously as examples of competence? In contrast to Filipino mothers, American shelter and Caribbean village mothers were unlikely to identify adolescent boys as competent. Lastly, what were mothers’ explanations for children’s competence? All mothers emphasised parenting as the most important factor in fostering competence, but differed on secondary factors. Results suggest that similarities may reflect shared concerns in adapting to poverty as well as shared salience in developmental tasks across these cultures. Differences in maternal conceptions may reflect demands and opportunities specific to each context.

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Easton, Terry, i Castiel Dixon. "Falling Down, Falling Apart, and Finding Home in Reservation Blues". Journal of Working-Class Studies 3, nr 2 (1.12.2018): 6–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v3i2.6143.

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This essay explores journeys toward and away from ‘home’ in Sherman Alexie’s 1995 novel Reservation Blues. The textual analysis is grounded in Janet Zandy’s (1993) literal and figurative conceptions of home. Situating Alexie’s magical realism within the matrix of poverty-class, race, ethnic, and postcolonial lenses, this essay reveals a range of tragic and hopeful responses to Indigenous colonization on the Spokane Reservation.

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Khader, Serene. "Passive Empowerment". Philosophical Topics 46, nr 2 (2018): 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics201846216.

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In a world where paid work is touted as a development panacea, empowering women has started to look a lot like burdening them. I argue here that this burdening of women is a predictable result of the conception of empowerment as choice or agency. Dominant conceptions of empowerment characterize empowerment as the increase in a person’s ability to do what they choose. Yet conditions of gender equality and poverty structure women’s options such that choosing (among unacceptable alternatives), doing (too much), and doing more (than men) are often both women’s best option and modes of disempowerment. Seeing the way increased agency can be disempowering requires shifting away from the view that social structures disempower by constraining individual agency. We instead need a conception of power as a constraint on individual action to a conception of power as structuring the field of available actions in ways that affect the relative position of social groups. Through a discussion of the gender division of labor and the feminization of responsibility, I argue that a more feminist conception of empowerment will weaken the link between empowerment and individual agency.

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Tache, Boku, i Espen Sjaastad. "Pastoralists’ Conceptions of Poverty: An Analysis of Traditional and Conventional Indicators from Borana, Ethiopia". World Development 38, nr 8 (sierpień 2010): 1168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.01.001.

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Reding, Kathleen M., i Marion H. Wijnberg. "Chronic Stress: A Conceptual Perspective". Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 82, nr 4 (sierpień 2001): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.187.

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The case is made for understanding and applying in social work practice current conceptions of chronic stress. Citing literature from the social sciences, the authors develop and describe a comprehensive model of chronic stress, focusing on single mothers that are experiencing economic poverty. The utility of the model lies in its synthesis of concepts that can be used in direct practice, policy development, and program design.

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Tarkowska, Elżbieta. "Życie bez pracy". Kultura i Społeczeństwo 60, nr 4 (21.12.2016): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2016.60.4.13.

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The author considers unemployment in Poland in the first years of the twenty-first century as a cause of the growth in poverty and the ensuing social exclusion. These phenomena are connected but not identical. They are also defined differently. In contrast to various conceptions of poverty that seek its causes in the values and behaviors of individuals, the category of social exclusion stresses the social dimension—the impacts of a society that excludes and marginalizes. The author writes about the meaning of work in Polish society and gives examples of unemployed people’s feelings in connection with not having work, drawn from their own writings. She would like to see these viewpoints taken into consideration in sociological research.

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Pilke, Riina, i Marikki Stocchetti. "Inequality and poverty: The ill-fitting pieces in the EU’s development partnerships". Regions and Cohesion 6, nr 1 (1.03.2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2016.060101.

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[Full article is in English]English: This article reviews the main policy guidelines set by the European Union (EU) for eradicating poverty and inequality in the context of its development cooperation partnerships. Drawing on the structure of the EU’s treaty, the EU’s offi cial development policies since 2005, and the related European Commission documents over the past five years, it examines the conceptions of poverty and inequality and how the EU translates them into operational diff erentiation. The scope of the diff erentiated cooperation encompasses diff erent types of developing countries, including a variety of both low-income countries (LICs) and middleincome countries (MICs). The article argues that diff erentiation poses a challenge to the EU’s internal development policy coherence. While the EU has adopted a multifaceted understanding of poverty, its conception of inequality is very narrow. In addition, the authors contend that the EU lacks clear criteria for diff erentiation in diverse country contexts in both regards.Spanish: El propósito de este trabajo es revisar los principales lineamientos de política pública establecidos por la Unión Europea (UE) para la erradicación de la pobreza y la desigualdad en el contexto de sus asociaciones de cooperación al desarrollo. Con base en la estructura de los tratados de la UE, las políticas oficiales de desarrollo de la UE desde 2005, y los documentos relacionados de la Comisión Europea en los últimos cinco años, este artículo examina las concepciones de pobreza y desigualdad así como la traducción sistemática que hace la UE de dichos conceptos en una diferenciación funcional en sus asociaciones de cooperación al 22 Regions & Cohesion • Spring 2016 desarrollo. El alcance de la cooperación diferenciada abarca diferentes tipos de países en desarrollo, incluyendo una variedad de países con bajos y medios ingresos (LIC y MIC por sus siglas en inglés). El artículo sostiene que la diferenciación plantea un desafío a la coherencia de la política pública de desarrollo al interior de la UE. Mientras que la UE ha adoptado una comprensión multifacética de la pobreza, su concepción de la desigualdad es muy estrecha. Además, las autoras argumentan que la UE carece de criterios claros para una diferenciación que tome en cuenta las dimensiones tanto de pobreza como de desigualdad en diversos contextos de países.French: L’objectif de ce texte consiste à passer en revue les principales lignes de politique publique de l’Union Européenne (UE) en matière de lutte contre la pauvreté et des inégalités dans le cadre de son partenariat de coopération pour le développement. A partir d’une révision des traités de l’UE, des politiques officielles de développement depuis 2005 et de documents de la Commission Européenne datant des cinq dernières années, l’article évoque les conceptions de la pauvreté et des inégalités et comment l’UE les traduit par une différenciacion opérative en matière de coopération pour le développement. La portée de la coopération differenciée inclut différents types de pays en développement, y compris divers pays à revenus bas et intermédiaires. Cet article défend l’idée que la différentiation présente un défi pour la cohérence de la politique de développement au sein de l’UE. Alors que celle-ci a adopté un point de vue multifacétique de la pauvreté, sa conception des inégalités est extrêmement limitée. Ainsi, les auteures affirment que l’UE manque de critères clairs pour établir une différenciation qui prenne en compte à la fois les dimensions de la pauvreté et les inégalités dans les différents contextes nationaux.

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Petesch, Patti, i Lone Badstue. "Gender Norms and Poverty Dynamics in 32 Villages of South Asia". International Journal of Community Well-Being 3, nr 3 (16.12.2019): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42413-019-00047-5.

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AbstractThe poverty dynamics of a community, and the social arrangements and opportunities that shape these dynamics, constitute important dimensions of well-being. This paper explores local understandings of and experiences with moving out of poverty and with remaining poor by employing the concept of gender norms, or the various social rules that differentiate women’s and men’s roles and conducts in society. The data demonstrate regularities in the influence of restrictive gender norms on understandings of poverty transitions, as well as how these norms are negotiated and bend to accommodate more gender-equitable practices on the ground. Our approach draws on feminist conceptions of gender norms that highlight their fluid and contextual properties, comparative case study methods, and a dataset of 32 village cases from five countries of South Asia. Villagers mainly associate movements out of poverty and chronic poverty with men and their capabilities to expand their earnings and assets despite limited work opportunities. Yet, our evidence from women’s life stories reveals examples from diverse contexts of women who exercise major roles in agriculture and actively work to improve the well-being of their families. However, these experiences rarely alter normative beliefs and practices that entitle men to control women and family resources.

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Clarke, Linda, i Lesley Abbott. "Seeking equilibrium between a social justice and a charity stance towards global learning among Northern Ireland pupils". International Journal of Development Education and Global Learning 11, nr 2 (5.12.2019): 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/ijdegl.11.2.04.

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Developing pupils' knowledge and understanding of world poverty and how to reduce it requires building teachers' capacity. With this objective in mind, the UK Global Learning Programme (GLP 2013–18) sought to determine the extent to which a social justice mentality was evident among pupils in Northern Ireland schools in tandem with, or instead of, the prevailing charity mentality. Using a qualitative approach, the research examined their conceptions of, and attitudes towards, social justice and equity, and how they had helped make the world fairer. They understood the causes of inequality and saw the contrast between great wealth and absolute poverty. Their growing motivation to help related mainly to charitable actions, but there was evidence of critical thinking about longer-term implications and a social justice stance.

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Morrill, Richard. "Poverty, ethnicity and the American city, 1840–1925: changing conceptions of the slum and ghetto". Journal of Historical Geography 16, nr 3 (lipiec 1990): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-7488(90)90065-j.

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Oser, Jennifer, i Marc Hooghe. "Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor? Support for Social Citizenship Rights in the United States and Europe". Sociological Perspectives 61, nr 1 (26.03.2017): 14–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121417697305.

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This article investigates whether the commitment to social rights as integral to a well-functioning democracy exists among Americans in comparison with their European counterparts. In our comparison of data from the European Social Survey in 2012 with a special parallel module of the U.S. Cooperative Congressional Election Survey in 2014, the findings suggest that similar conceptions of ideal democracy are found on both sides of the Atlantic. Although Americans are less likely than Europeans to consider fighting poverty and reducing income inequality as important democratic ideals, the analysis shows that the United States is not exceptional in the existence of a social rights conception of democracy. A distinct feature of U.S. public opinion is that support for social rights is more strongly associated with a left-right divide than in Europe. The observed congruence between policy and public opinion in the United States highlights the importance of investigating the direction of causality between both phenomena.

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Bannink, Femke, Richard Idro i Geert Van Hove. "“I Like to Play with My Friends”: Children with Spina Bifida and Belonging in Uganda". Social Inclusion 4, nr 1 (8.06.2016): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i1.630.

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This paper describes experiences of living and belonging from the perspectives of Ugandan children with spina bifida and their siblings and parents. We explored belonging at micro, meso and macro level taking into consideration African Childhood Disability Studies, central concepts of family, cultural conceptions of disability, poverty, and the notion of ‘ubuntu’, and using child-friendly culturally adjusted interview methods including play. Whilst children with spina bifida had a strong sense of belonging at household level, they experienced more difficulties engaging in larger social networks, including school. Poverty and stigma were important barriers to inclusion. We propose strengthening the network at family level, where the environment is more enabling for the children to find a place of belonging and support, and expanding investment and awareness at community and national level.

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Miller, David. "Fair Trade: What Does It Mean and Why Does It Matter?" Journal of Moral Philosophy 14, nr 3 (22.06.2017): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-46810053.

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The paper begins by locating the issue of trade within the broader literature on international and global justice. It then sets out eight different conceptions of ‘fair trade’, and examines the principles that lie behind them. They fall into three broad categories: procedural fairness accounts, which apply principles of equal treatment to the international rules under which trade takes place; producers’ entitlement accounts, which claim that trade must be structured so that all participants are safeguarded against harms such as exploitation or poverty; and fair exchange accounts, which require trade to be conducted on terms that produce a particular division of resources or benefits between the trading partners. These conceptions are partly complementary, but may on occasion pull in different directions, requiring us to reflect on the relative weights we attach to different aspects of fairness in trade.

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Goldblatt, Beth. "Gender, poverty and the development of the right to social security". International Journal of Law in Context 10, nr 4 (grudzień 2014): 460–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552314000226.

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AbstractThe international right to social security has been given limited attention as a vehicle for addressing women's poverty. This paper highlights some of the issues shaping women's poverty globally that require a more responsive right to social security. It discusses the nature and purpose of social security and examines the international law relating to this right, arguing that recent interpretations lack an adequate framework for ensuring women's interests are fully accommodated. The paper challenges the relationship between the right to social security and traditional conceptions of work that exclude women's labour. It also argues that the right must have application at the transnational level if it is to address the changing nature of women's work. Drawing on ideas of substantive equality, it proposes an approach to the development of the right from a gender perspective including a set of principles to be followed in applying the right.

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Marston, Sallie, i David Ward. "Poverty, Ethnicity, and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto". Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 15, nr 2 (1990): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/622875.

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Scobey, David M., i David Ward. "Poverty, Ethnicity, and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto". Journal of Interdisciplinary History 21, nr 1 (1990): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204944.

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Smith, Neil, i David Ward. "Poverty, Ethnicity, and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto". Geographical Review 80, nr 4 (październik 1990): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215863.

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Darroch, Gordon, i David Ward. "Poverty, Ethnicity, and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto." Contemporary Sociology 19, nr 5 (wrzesień 1990): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2072352.

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Clement, Priscilla Ferguson, i David Ward. "Poverty, Ethnicity, and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto." American Historical Review 95, nr 5 (grudzień 1990): 1642. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2162910.

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Mohl, Raymond A., i David Ward. "Poverty, Ethnicity, and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto." Journal of American History 77, nr 1 (czerwiec 1990): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2078702.

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Garcia, Adir Valdemar, i Rafael Monteiro da Silva. "A CENTRALIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO NO COMBATE À POBREZA: a visão de profissionais que atuam com populações empobrecidas". Revista de Políticas Públicas 23, nr 2 (23.12.2019): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v23n2p481-500.

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O artigo apresenta uma análise das concepções de educação e de pobreza de profissionais da educação e de outros envolvidos com populações empobrecidas, matriculados nos Cursos de Especialização e Aperfeiçoamento em Educação, Pobreza e Desigualdade Social, desenvolvidos, respectivamente, pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e pela Universidade de Brasília, objetivando discutir a centralidade atribuída à educação no enfrentamento da pobreza. É parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla pautada numa perspectiva quantitativa e qualitativa quanto à abordagem, básica quanto à natureza, exploratória e descritiva quanto aos objetivos e bibliográfica e documental quanto aos procedimentos. Conclui que pode estar ocorrendo uma relativização do papel da educação no combate à pobreza.Palavras-chave: Educação. Pobreza. Profissionais nas políticas sociais.THE CENTRALITY OF EDUCATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST POVERTY: the view of professionals working with impoverished populationsAbstractThis article presents an analysis of the conceptions of education and poverty by professionals in education and others involved with impoverished populations enrolled in the Cursos de Especialização e Aperfeiçoamento em Educação, Pobreza e Desigualdade Social (Specialization Courses in Education, Poverty and Social Inequality), offered by the Federal University of Santa Catarina and by the University of Brasília, which aimed to discuss the centrality attributed to education in the fight against poverty. It is part of a broader research based on a quantitative and qualitative perspective regarding the approach, basic regarding the nature, exploratory and descriptive regarding the objectives, and bibliographic and documentary regarding the procedures. It concludes that there may be a diminishing role of education in the fight againstpoverty.Keywords: Education. Poverty. Professionals in social policies.

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Fasheh, Munir. "Essay Reviews: Talking about What to Cook for Dinner When Our House Is on Fire: The Poverty of Existing Forms of International Education". Harvard Educational Review 55, nr 1 (1.04.1985): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.55.1.361227t63n5566nr.

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In the following essay, Munir Fasheh argues that there are basically two conceptions of what might be called international education. The first is exemplified by the case studies in the book under review, while the second is a vision that addresses the real dangers confronting humanity.

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Berenzon, Shoshana, Maria Asunción Lara i Maria Elena Medina-Mora. "Inequity and poverty: everyday emotional disturbances and mental disorders in the Mexican urban population". International Psychiatry 6, nr 2 (kwiecień 2009): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600000394.

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Recent decades have seen renewed interest in the study of poverty and its repercussions on various health problems, including mental disorder (Patel, 2007). There are various ways of measuring poverty; some approaches define it in economic terms, whereby health is included only as an asset that must be given to those defined as poor (Damián & Boltvinik, 2003). Other conceptions propose definitions based on the capacity of the poor to improve their standard of living, and consider health and education as essential elements in this process. This is the case of the Human Development Index (HDI), which, in addition to the economic dimension, measures other social indicators such as life expectancy, literacy and school enrolment and drop-out rates, among others (United Nations Development Programme, 2000). On the basis of the HDI, Mexico ranks 52 out of 177 countries. According to its percentage of gross domestic product invested in health, it is regarded as a country with a medium/high income level.

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Redcay, Alex, Wade Luquet, Lorraine Phillips i McKenzie Huggin. "Legal Battles: Transgender Inmates’ Rights". Prison Journal 100, nr 5 (10.09.2020): 662–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885520956628.

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Challenging binary gender norms and common conceptions of the differences between sexes, transgender individuals are misunderstood, feared, and often subjected to stigma. As a result, transgender individuals are exposed to harassment, violence, and employment discrimination. The negative outcomes of this exposure include poverty, unemployment, trauma, homelessness, arrest, and/or incarceration. Within the correctional system, stigmatization is heightened, leading to grave consequences for transgender inmates. The goal of this article is to highlight these outcomes, as illustrated from legal case histories, and to suggest best practice recommendations for correctional system improvements in ensuring the rights of transgender inmates.

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SILVER, HILARY. "National Conceptions of the New Urban Poverty: Social Structural Change in Britain, France and the United States". International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 17, nr 3 (wrzesień 1993): 336–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.1993.tb00225.x.

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Berndt, Katrin. "Trapped in class? Material manifestations of poverty and prosperity in Alice Munro’s “Royal Beatings” and “The Beggar Maid”". Neohelicon 47, nr 2 (18.08.2020): 521–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11059-020-00550-1.

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AbstractThis article argues that material objects in Canadian writer Alice Munro’s short fiction both reflect socio-economic concerns of pre- and post-WWII Canadian society and complicate common conceptions of deprivation and material ambition. The analyses of “Royal Beatings” and “The Beggar Maid” demonstrate how Munro describes economic hardships, class anxieties, and social discrimination and distinction through items of material culture such as clothes, furniture, and paintings. These objects and their symbolic significance draw attention to the conflicts resulting from the interplay of her characters’ upbringings, loyalties, and their longings and aspirations.

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Harmsen, Egbert. "Poverty and Charity in Middle Eastern Contexts". American Journal of Islam and Society 21, nr 4 (1.10.2004): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v21i4.1761.

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This volume, written by scholars in Middle Eastern history, addresses thehistory of charity in the Middle East, including its meanings, conceptions, practical patterns, motivations, and the ways of institutionalization andidentifying its “deserving” beneficiaries throughout the last 14 centuries. Itis addressed to academic readers interested in Middle Eastern history or incharity in a universal sense.One aspect of charity dealt with throughout the book is that of motivation.It turns out that besides adhering to general Islamic principles, motivationsof enhancing one’s prestige and social clout have played an importantrole as well. Michael Bonner points out in his chapter, “Poverty and Charityin the Rise of Islam,” that generosity in pre-Islamic and early IslamicArabia was clearly linked to competition for political and social prestigeamong tribal leaders. However, he does not adequately clarify these practices’role in the emergence of the Islamic charitable tradition. In “Charityand Hospitality,” Miri Shefer describes how prominent individuals in theOttoman Empire enhanced their own prestige by founding hospitalsthrough the establishment of awqaf. Likewise, Ottoman sultan AbdülhamidII sponsored numerous charitable projects in order to enhance his own publicimage as a caring and fatherly benefactor toward his subjects, as NadirÖzbek describes in “Imperial Gifts and Sultanic Legitimation during theLate Ottoman Empire, 1876-1909.”Beth Baron and Kathryn Libal, authors of “Islam, Philanthropy, andPolitical Culture in interwar Egypt,” and of “The Child Question,” respectively,shed light on the emergence in Egypt and Turkey, during the first halfof the twentieth century, of motivations informed by various philanthropists’(either Islamist or secular) ideological commitment to the well-being of thenation as a whole. They also describe how this commitment translated itselfinto civil society activism and public debates in both countries.Another relevant aspect is institutionalization. Possibly, the earliest formof institutionalized charity in Islamic history is the collection and distributionof zakat. Timur Kuran distinguishes, in his “Islamic Redistributionthrough Zakat” (see the section “Instrument of Modern Redistribution?”) the“proceduralist” from the “situationist” approach toward this basic Islamicduty. The former approach denotes a strict application of specific rules fromthe Islamic sources, regardless of the concrete situation at hand, while thesecond refers to a flexible implementation of general religious principlesbased on the current situation ...

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Stubblefield, Anna. "“Beyond the Pale”: Tainted Whiteness, Cognitive Disability, and Eugenic Sterilization". Hypatia 22, nr 2 (2007): 162–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2007.tb00987.x.

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The aim of the eugenics movement in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century was to prevent the degeneration of the white race. A central tactic of the movement was the involuntary sterilization of people labeled as feebleminded. An analysis of the practice of eugenic sterilization provides insight into how the concepts of gender, race, class, and dislability are fundamentally intertwined. I argue that in the early twentieth century, the concept of feeblemindedness came to operate as an umbrella concept that linked off-white ethnicity, poverty, and gendered conceptions of lack of moral character together and that feeblemindedness thus understood functioned as the signifier of tainted whiteness.

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Oldham, Sam, i Katherine Crawford-Garrett. "“A problem they don’t even know exists”: Inequality, poverty, and invisible discourses in Teach First New Zealand". education policy analysis archives 27 (14.10.2019): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.27.4104.

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This research draws on qualitative data collected in Aotearoa New Zealand over a six-month period to examine the ways in which participants in Teach First New Zealand (TFNZ), an affiliate of Teach for All, discuss issues of poverty and educational underachievement in their teaching contexts. Findings from this study suggest that broad discursive patterns tended to prevail among TFNZ participants interviewed. In discussing issues of poverty and educational underachievement, participants privileged personal responsibility, individual agency, and social mobility as explanatory frameworks. Participants tended to perceive individuals, families, and communities as responsible for their socioeconomic disadvantage, and few were able to articulate more complex understandings. We found that TFNZ participants had little or no direct experience with poverty or educational inequity prior to entering the scheme and had limited understandings of these phenomena. Despite this, participants shared an almost universal belief that education was the primary means by which disadvantage could be overcome, privileging individualist conceptions of complex social phenomena. As Teach for All expands globally, there is need for empirical work documenting how participants articulate their mission of addressing inequity, how these understandings translate into practice, and the ways in which implicit and explicit educational discourses shape their perspectives on students and communities. This work has added importance as Teach for All actors continue to encourage the movement of alumni into policy and leadership.

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Casey, Zachary A. "Strict fathers, competing culture(s), and racialized poverty: white South African teachers’ conceptions of themselves as racialized actors". Race Ethnicity and Education 19, nr 6 (3.11.2015): 1262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2015.1096768.

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Van Haitsma, Martha. "Poverty, Ethnicity and the American City, 1840-1925: Changing Conceptions of the Slum and the Ghetto.David WardThe New Immigration: Implications for Poverty and Public Assistance Utilization.Leif Jensen". American Journal of Sociology 95, nr 5 (marzec 1990): 1324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/229436.

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Wahler, Elizabeth A., i W. Patrick Sullivan. "There's No Time like the Present: Improving the Current System of Care for Low-Income Substance Abusers with Comorbid Health Conditions". Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 98, nr 4 (październik 2017): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.2017.98.34.

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Due to social determinants of health, people living in poverty are at high risk for having comorbid substance use and medical disorders, yet are also the least able to afford and access the care needed to adequately address their health. There has been a recent call for providing integrated care for behavioral and physical health problems, yet there are challenges to fully integrating the two systems. In this article, several suggestions for improving the current system of care for low-income individuals are presented. Suggestions are derived from components of the chronic care model, the model underlying most conceptions of integrated care, and include increasing the use of technology and interdisciplinary teams to supplement assessment and intervention.

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PIERCE, STEVEN. "FARMERS AND ‘PROSTITUTES’: TWENTIETH-CENTURY PROBLEMS OF FEMALE INHERITANCE IN KANO EMIRATE, NIGERIA". Journal of African History 44, nr 3 (listopad 2003): 463–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853703008478.

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This article focuses on the implications of an emir of Kano's decision to forbid women from inheriting houses and farms in 1923 and a successor's reversal of that policy in 1954. The earlier emir justified his policy by claiming that women inheritors were becoming prostitutes and the later one argued that women's re-enfranchisement would ameliorate the poverty of destitute elderly women. Both these events appear to have been radical innovations for their time and reflect continuous anxiety over women living outside of male control and a longer-term attack on women's public role. While the emirs' explanations do not fully comprehend the political logic of their decisions, both the proclamations and the way they were explained illustrate contradictions and ambiguities within Hausa conceptions of gender.

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Mayblin, Lucy, Mustafa Wake i Mohsen Kazemi. "Necropolitics and the Slow Violence of the Everyday: Asylum Seeker Welfare in the Postcolonial Present". Sociology 54, nr 1 (31.07.2019): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038519862124.

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This article responds to dual calls for researching and theorising everyday social phenomena in postcolonial studies on the one hand, and serious engagement with the postcolonial within the discipline of sociology on the other. It focuses on the everyday lives of asylum seekers living on asylum seeker welfare support in the UK. Asylum seekers offer a good case study for exploring the postcolonial everyday because they live in poverty and consequently experience daily harms at the hands of the state, despite the UK fulfilling its obligations to them under human rights law. The article proposes a conceptual framework drawing together sociologies of the everyday, necropolitics and slow violence in tracing how hierarchical conceptions of human worth impact on the everyday.

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Slee, Roger. "Meeting Some Challenges of Inclusive Education in an Age of Exclusion". Asian Journal of Inclusive Education 01, nr 1 (31.07.2013): 03–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.59595/ajie.01.2.2.

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Exclusion is ingrained into the global social fabric in general and education in particular. This paper takes up the challenge of international agreements and conventions affirming Education For All. Increasingly education jurisdictions are submitting to lean testing regimes and publishing results to drive local, national and international competition to drive up standards. While there are grave concerns about the poverty of such policy imperatives and the narrow definition of assessment therein, evidence is mounting to demonstrate the perverse and deleterious impacts on disadvantaged communities and vulnerable individuals. The rhetoric of inclusion is strong but conceptions and practices of inclusive education are inconsistent and disconnected from other aspects of social and education policy that drive exclusion in stark and subtle manifestations.

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Ushie, Doris Emmanuel, Sunday David Edinyang, Austin Robert Igwe, Joy Anthony Ukam i Abigail Ojong Ejoh. "Population Control and Family Life Education in South-South, Nigeria". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, nr 4 (10.07.2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0043.

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The purpose of this paper was to explore the importance of family life education in South-South Nigeria as regards population growth. An initiative has delved into the philosophical conceptions of schooling and the population in family life. It also presents an overview of the positive effects of education in family life. Today, population growth in South-South Nigeria presents many problems, including; poverty and unemployment. The paper accounts for ways in which family life education will play a significant role in improving the population's management. Finally, the article suggests that Growth and Development in adolescence is an integral component of family life education. Strengthened educational efforts should be undertaken in areas such as self-understanding, guardian relationships, jobs, obligations, feelings, stress management, dating, romance, maturity development, and enhancements to sexuality.

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Silveira, Jucimeri Isolda, Jaci de Fátima Souza Candiotto i Maria Cecilia Barreto Amorim Pilla. "Curitiba, Brazil: Social Crisis and Policy Innovation for Cities in Light of Laudato Si’". International Journal of Public Theology 16, nr 2 (17.06.2022): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-20220037.

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Abstract This article begins with an interdisciplinary reflection of the city that considers historical and institutional aspects of its formation and dynamics. The elements presented here allow for critical analysis of city planning and political – institutional interventions, which, in addition to reproducing socio-spatial inequalities and segregation, are combined with antidemocratic conceptions that despise universal access to rights, and effective participation and coexistence for the common good. This exploratory article shows the increase of inequality, poverty, and vulnerability in Brazilian territories. Considering the city of Curitiba as an empirical unit, we investigated part of the process of urban planning trends and experiences that can improve deliberative governance and social innovation, which are essential paths for tackling the serious social crisis in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the materialization of the right to the city.

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