Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Posture”
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Yang, Xiaolin, Jianfeng Zheng, Wolfgang Kainz, Xuemin Chen i Ji Chen. "Impact of Patient Body Posture on RF-Induced Energy Absorption by Orthopedic Plates". Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part B, Magnetic Resonance Engineering 2024 (30.04.2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7418643.
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This study investigates variations in radiofrequency- (RF-) induced energy absorption by orthopedic plates within the human body during 1.5T and 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, considering diverse postures. Using the poseable Duke model, we developed typical postures (O-posture, X-posture, Y-posture, and Z-posture) and placed anatomically correct representations of various orthopedic plates within these postures. Numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate electromagnetic fields and RF-induced energy absorption in these postures near orthopedic plates during MRI scans. Comparing RF-induced energy absorption (peak spatial averaged SAR over 1 g, pSAR1g) in postured models to the original posture reveals substantial variations. The pSAR1g differences for X-posture, Y-posture, and Z-posture reach 48%, 134%, and 32% at 1.5T, and 36%, 83%, and 101% at 3T, respectively. Changing posture can lead to higher or lower pSAR1g. These findings underscore the impact of patient posture on RF-induced energy absorption in orthopedic plates on the ulna bone. The study recommends considering representative body postures in future evaluations for MR conditional labeling of passive implants. Until then, maintaining a neutral posture during MR scans is advised to mitigate unforeseen RF-induced heating risks.
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Sanjaya, Krishna Tri, i Apreza Dwi Vidyantoro. "Analisa Perbaikan Postur Kerja Dengan Menggunakan Metode OWAS (Ovako Work Analysis System) Dengan Perancangan Fasilitas Di Bagian Penyortiran Batu Gamping PT. Timbul Persada". JATI UNIK : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik dan Manajemen Industri 2, nr 1 (29.04.2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/jatiunik.v2i2.334.
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Limestone sorting work at PT. Embossed Persada is a repetitive work attitude and a long period of time, so that it can be at risk of causing Musculoskeletal disorders and discomfort at work. The purpose of this study is to analyze the working posture of limestone sorting operators. There are 3 work postures: limestone sorting work posture has a value of 4141, work posture for limestone removal 2173, and work posture for limestone 3333. Other objectives of this study are to identify work postures that have a risk of Musculoskeletal injury. Based on the results of the categorization of OWAS values, an assessment was obtained: limestone 4141-4 work posture, sludge removal posture 2173-3, work posture inserting limestone 3333-3. The work posture has a very high value where it is necessary to make immediate improvements to the work posture by redesigning the work facilities in the sorting section. Redesign of work facilities carried out to avoid Musculoskeletal interference that is using conveyor aids with a capacity of 9 Tons / Hour. The facility design uses measurements with an average value of Indonesian Ergonomics Anthropometry dataKeyword : Ergonomics, Working Postures, Musculoskeletal, The Design Of The Facility, OWASPekerjaan peyortiran batu gamping di PT. Timbul Persada merupakan sikap kerja yang repetitif dan jangka waktu yang lama, sehingga dapat beresiko menimbulkan gangguan Musculoskeletal dan ketidak nyamanan dalam bekerja. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mempelajari rangkaian kerja dan aspek Ergonomi yang mempengaruhi postur kerja pada divisi penyortiran tersebut dengan menggunakan metode OWAS (Ovako Work Analysis System), metode ini digunakan untuk mengevaluasi sikap kerja yang berpotensi mengalami gangguan pada Musculoskeletal dimana postur kerja yang diamati meliputi pergerakan tubuh bagian punggung, bahu, tangan, dan kaki termasuk paha, lutut dan pergelangan kaki. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisa postur kerja operator penyortiran batu gamping. Diketahui ada 3 postur kerja : postur kerja pemilahan batu gamping memiliki nilai 4141, postur kerja pengangkatan batu gamping 2173, dan postur kerja memasukan batu gamping 3333. Tujuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi postur kerja yang memiliki resiko cedera Musculoskeletal. Berdasarkan hasil pengkategorian nilai OWAS maka, diperoleh penilaian : Postur kerja pemilahan batu gamping 4141-4, postur kerja pengangkatan batu gampng 2173-3, postur kerja memasukkan batu gamping 3333-3. Postur kerja tersebut memiliki nilai yang sangat tinggi dimana perlu dilakukan perbaikan segera terhadap postur kerja dengan perancangan ulang fasilitas kerja pada bagian penyortiran. Perancangan ulang fasilitas kerja yang dilakukan untuk menghindari gangguan Musculoskeletal yaitu menggunakan alat bantu conveyor dengan kapasitas 9 Ton/Jam. Perancangan fasilitas ini dirancang dengan pengukuran menurut nilai rata-rata data Anthropometri Ergonomi Indonesia. Dengan mengevaluasi postur kerja sebelum adanya perbaikan, sehingga hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam perancangan stasiun kerja yang sesuai dengan aspek-aspek Ergonomi.Kata Kunci : Ergonomi, Postur Kerja, Musculoskeletal, Perancangan Fasilitas, OWAS.
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Mohamad Yusoff, Muhammad Annuar Alhadi, Nur Liyana Azmi i Nor Hidayati Diyana Nordin. "A WHEELCHAIR SITTING POSTURE DETECTION SYSTEM USING PRESSURE SENSORS". IIUM Engineering Journal 25, nr 1 (1.01.2024): 302–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v25i1.2820.
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The usage of machine learning in the healthcare system, especially in monitoring those who are using a wheelchair for their mobility has also helped to improve their quality of life in preventing any serious life-time risk, such as the development of pressure ulcers due to the prolonged sitting on the wheelchair. To date, the amount of research on the sitting posture detection on wheelchairs is very small. Thus, this study aimed to develop a sitting posture detection system that predominantly focuses on monitoring and detecting the sitting posture of a wheelchair user by using pressure sensors to avoid any possible discomfort and musculoskeletal disease resulting from prolonged sitting on the wheelchair. Five healthy subjects participated in this research. Five typical sitting postures by the wheelchair user, including the posture that applies a force on the backrest plate, were identified and classified. There were four pressure sensors attached to the seat plate of the wheelchair and two pressure sensors attached to the back rest. Three classification algorithms based on the supervised learning of machine learning, such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and decision tree (DT) were used to classify the postures which produced an accuracy of 95.44%, 98.72%, and 98.80%, respectively. All the classification algorithms were evaluated by using the k-fold cross validation method. A graphical-user interface (GUI) based application was developed using the algorithm with the highest accuracy, DT classifier, to illustrate the result of the posture classification to the wheelchair user for any posture correction to be made in case of improper sitting posture detected. ABSTRAK: Penggunaan pembelajaran mesin dalam sistem penjagaan kesihatan terutama dalam mengawasi pergerakan pengguna kerusi roda dapat membantu meningkatkan kualiti hidup bagi mengelak sebarang risiko serius seperti ulser disebabkan tekanan duduk terlalu lama di kerusi roda. Sehingga kini, kajian tentang pengesanan postur ketika duduk di kerusi roda adalah sangat kurang. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan bagi membina sistem pengesan postur khususnya bagi mengawasi dan mengesan postur duduk pengguna kerusi roda dengan menggunakan pengesan tekanan bagi mengelak sebarang kemungkinan ketidakselesaan dan penyakit otot akibat duduk terlalu lama. Lima pengguna kerusi roda yang sihat telah dijadikan subjek bagi kajian ini. Terdapat lima postur duduk oleh pengguna kerusi roda termasuk postur yang memberikan tekanan pada bahagian belakang telah di kenalpasti dan dikelaskan. Terdapat empat pengesan tekanan dilekatkan pada bahagian tempat duduk kerusi roda dan dua pengesan tekanan dilekatkan pada bahagian belakang. Tiga algoritma pengelasan berdasarkan pembelajaran terarah melalui pembelajaran mesin seperti Sokongan Vektor Mesin (SVM), Hutan Rawak (RF) dan Pokok Keputusan (DT) telah digunakan bagi pengelasan postur di mana masing-masing memberikan ketepatan 95.44%, 98.72% dan 98.80%. Semua algoritma pengelasan telah dinilai menggunakan kaedah k-lipatan pengesahan bersilang. Sebuah aplikasi grafik antara muka (GUI) telah dibina menggunakan algoritma dengan ketepatan paling tinggi, iaitu pengelasan DT bagi memaparkan keputusan pengelasan postur untuk pengguna kerusi roda bagi membantu pembetulan postur jika postur salah dikesan.
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Boissy, A., A. Aubert, L. Désiré, L. Greiveldinger, E. Delval i I. Veissier. "Cognitive sciences to relate ear postures to emotions in sheep". Animal Welfare 20, nr 1 (luty 2011): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600002426.
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AbstractEmotions are now largely recognised as a core element in animal welfare issues. However, convenient indicators to reliably infer emotions are still needed. As such, the availability of behavioural postures analogous to facial expressions in humans would be extremely valuable for animal studies of emotions. The purpose of this paper is to find out stable expressive postures in sheep and to relate these expressive postures with specific emotional contexts. In an initial experiment, we identified discrete ear postures from a comprehensive approach which integrates all theoretically distinguishable ear postures. Four main ear postures were identified: horizontal ears (P posture); ears risen up (R posture); ears pointed backward (B posture); and asymmetric posture (A posture). In a second experiment, we studied how these ear postures were affected by specific emotional states elicited by exposing sheep to experimental situations in which elementary characteristics (ie suddenness and unfamiliarity, negative contrast and controllability) were manipulated. We found that: i) the horizontal P posture corresponds to a neutral state; ii) sheep point their ears backward (B posture) when they face unfamiliar and unpleasant uncontrollable situations, hence likely to elicit fear; iii) they point their ears up (R posture) when facing similar negative situations but controllable, hence likely to elicit anger; and iv) they expressed the asymmetric A posture in very sudden situations, likely to elicit surprise. By cross-fostering psychological and ethological approaches, we are able to propose an interpretation of ear postures in sheep relative to their emotions.
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Harada, Tatsuya, Taketoshi Mori i Tomomasa Sato. "Human Posture Probability Density Estimation Based on Actual Motion Measurement and Eigenpostures". Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 17, nr 6 (20.12.2005): 664–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2005.p0664.
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We construct human posture probability density based on actual human motion measurement. Human postures in daily life were measured for two days by having subjects wear a mechanical motion capture device. Accumulated human postures were converted to unit quaternions to guarantee the uniqueness of posture representation. To represent probability density effectively, we propose eigenpostures for posture compression and use the kernel-based reduced set density estimator (RSDE) to reduce the number of posture samples and construction of posture probability density. Before compression, unit quaternions were converted to Euclidean space by logarithmic mapping. After conversion, postures were compressed in Euclidean space. Applying constructed human posture probability density for unlikely posture detection and motion segmentation, we verified its effectiveness for many different applications.
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Ningtyas, Desinta Rahayu, i Rizka Amaliah. "Intervensi Ergonomi pada Pengrajin Tempe dengan Pendekatan REBA dan OWAS (Studi Kasus di PRIMKOPTI Jakarta Selatan)". Jurnal Media Teknik dan Sistem Industri 7, nr 1 (31.03.2023): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/jmtsi.v7i1.2148.
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Tempe is traditional food from Indonesia, most of the Tempe industries in Indonesia are household scale. The characteristic of household industry is using manual tools with human power. Initial observation was made at one of Tempe production units, there were many activities with awkward postures such as manual hand lifting, bending, repetitive movements, and carrying heavy loads. Which their posture has potential for WMSDs (Work Musculoskeletal Disorders). The purposes of the research are to identify the potential of WMSDs in Tempe worker, to evaluate work posture, and to make suggestion for improving work station or posture. The method used is direct observation to one of the PRIMKOPTI Tempe production unit in South Jakarta. The results of this research were identified complaints of pain with extreme degree found in back of the body 82%, waist 45%, pain in the upper right arm 64%, upper left arm, lower right arm, right hand 45%. Work posture with REBA values 3 and OWAS value 3 that were the soybean harvesting process, the epidermis sieving process, the filtering water disposal process, the second soybean washing process, and the soybean water disposal process. From these results, we propose the work station design such as design of working tool like drum which suitable with worker posture, soybean stirrer, and improve the work posture so as not to bent over. The conclusion of this research is that are potential complaints of WMSDs on Tempe worker because the tools are not in accordance with the worker’s body posture, redesign dan improve the worker’s posture. Tempe adalah makanan tradisional khas Indonesia. Sebagian besar industri tempe di Indonesia berkskala rumah tangga, dimana masih banyak menggunakan peralatan manual dengan tenaga manusia. Pengamatan awal dilakukan pada salah satu unit produksi tempe, dimana banyak kegiatan dengan postur kerja awkward seperti angkat-angkut manual, membungkuk, gerakan berulang, dan membawa beban berat. Dimana postur tersebut berpotensi terjadinya WMSDs (Work Musculoskeletal Disorders). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi keluhan WMSDs pada pengrajin tempe, mengevaluasi postur kerja pengrajin tempe, dan membuat usulan perbaikan postur atau stasiun kerja. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi langsung ke salah satu unit produksi tempe. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasi keluhan sangat sakit terdapat pada bagian tubuh punggung 82%, pinggang 45%. Keluhan sakit terdapat pada bagian tubuh lengan kanan bagian atas 64%, lengan kiri bagian atas, lengan kanan bagian bawah, tangan kanan sebesar 45%. Postur kerja yang perlu tindakan segera dengan nilai REBA 3 dan nilai OWAS 3 yaitu pada kegiatan proses pengambilan kedelai, proses pengayakan kulit ari, proses pembuangan air penyaringan, proses pencucian kedelai kedua, dan proses pembuangan air pencucian kedelai. Dari hasil tersebut lalu dibuat usulan rancangan stasiun kerja berupa alat kerja seperti drum yang sesuai antropometri, pengaduk kedelai, dan perbaikan postur kerja agar tidak membungkuk. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat potensi keluhan WMSDs pada pengrajin tempe di PRIMKOPTI Jakarta Selatan dikarenakan alat yang belum sesuai dengan postur tubuh pekerja, perancangan ulang dapat memperbaiki postur tubuh pekerja.
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Rougier, Patrice, i Jean-Pierre Blanchi. "Evaluation objective de la difficulté en escalade par la relation posturo-cinétique". STAPS 12, nr 26 (1991): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/staps.1991.1233.
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Sur un ergomètre d’escalade, nous avons testé sept grimpeurs experts sur leur répartition d’appuis lors d’états stables de posture quadrupodale et de déplacements volontaires d’appuis de pied. Quatre couples de prises manuels-podals présentant des caractéristiques physiques différentes ont été utilisés déterminant deux postures de départ collées et décollées avec, pour chacune d’elles, deux niveaux de difficulté. Des indices instantanés (ISi et Li) caractérisent les états stables de posture alors que des indices différentiels (Dd, ISd et Ld) et des mesures de temps de latence permettent d’apprécier le mode d’organisation de la relation posturo-cinétique. Pour les états stables de posture et les mouvements volontaires, les résultats montrent une influence de la nature des postures de départ sur la répartition des appuis (pour ISi et ISd, p < .0001). Pour les temps de latence et les variations des forces d’appuis, l’interaction posture-nature du segment déplacé est significative (p < .0000) avec un effet prédominant pour les mains contralatérales et homolatérales (p < .000). L’influence des temps de latence s’exerce avant tout sur les appuis de main homolatérales (p < .010) et de pied contralatéral (p < .000). Par contre, l’influence de la difficulté des prises n’apparaît pour aucune des mesures. Ces résultats s’expliqueraient par la nature des surfaces de préhension offertes aux pieds qui conditionnent une élévation relative du centre de gravité.
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Van Leeuwen, B. E., G. J. Barendsen, J. Lubbers i L. de Pater. "Calf blood flow and posture: Doppler ultrasound measurements during and after exercise". Journal of Applied Physiology 72, nr 5 (1.05.1992): 1675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.5.1675.
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To investigate the joint effects of body posture and calf muscle pump, the calf blood flow of eight healthy volunteers was measured with pulsed Doppler equipment during and after 3 min of rhythmic exercise on a calf ergometer in the supine, sitting, and standing postures. Muscle contractions seriously impeded calf blood flow. Consequently, blood flow occurred mainly between contractions and reached a plateau that lasted at least the final 100 s of each exercise series. After exercise the blood flow decreased much faster in the sitting and standing postures than in the supine posture. There was no difference in blood flow between various postures during the same submaximal exercise. However, subjects in the standing posture were able to perform exercise with a higher load than in the supine posture, and blood flow in the standing posture could become twice as high as in the supine posture. We conclude that calf blood flow is regulated according to needs; available perfusion pressure determined maximal blood flow and exercise; and compared with the supine posture, the standing posture and calf muscle pump increase the perfusion pressure.
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Lee, Jaeeun, Hongseok Choi, Kyeongmin Yum i Jongnam Kim. "Classifying Poor Postures of the Neck and Spine in Computer Work by Using Image and Skeleton Analysis". Applied Sciences 13, nr 19 (3.10.2023): 10935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131910935.
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When using a desktop computer, people tend to adopt postures that are detrimental to their bodies, such as text neck and the L-posture of leaning forward with their buttocks out and their shoulders against the backrest of the chair. These two postures cause chronic problems by bending the cervical and thoracic spines and can have detrimental effects on the body. While there have been many studies on text neck posture, there were limited studies on classifying these two postures together, and there are limitations to the accuracy of their classification. To address these limitations, we propose an algorithm for classifying good posture, text neck posture, and L-posture, the latter two of which may negatively affect the body when using a desktop computer. The proposed algorithm utilizes a skeleton algorithm to calculate angles from images of the user’s lateral posture, and then classifies the three postures based on the angle values. If there is sufficient space next to the computer, the method can be implemented anywhere, and classification can be performed at low cost. The experimental results showed a high accuracy rate of 97.06% and an F1-score of 95.23%; the L posture was classified with 100% accuracy.
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Mallembakam, Veda Rasmi, Yang Lu, Andris Freivalds i Eunsik Kim. "Comparison of bus driving posture in USA and India". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, nr 1 (grudzień 2020): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641223.
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The aim of this project is to compare driving postures in India and the USA in order to develop seat designs to improve driver posture. The postures of 14 bus drivers from the USA and 9 from India were evaluated by RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) analysis, and various seat dimensions from India ware collected and compared with standard dimension in the USA. For both countries, low posture occurred most frequently, showing a RULA score of 3, indicating a need for posture change and further investigations. Among drivers who exhibited high posture, posture in American drivers displayed a RULA score of 4, and posture in Indian drivers showed a RULA score of 6. Furthermore, the component ratio of the high posture group in India was about 10 times higher than that of the high posture group in the USA.
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Muto, Koki, Shoko Oikawa, Yasuhiro Matsui i Toshiya Hirose. "Driving Behavior during Takeover Request of Autonomous Vehicle: Effect of Driver Postures". Behavioral Sciences 12, nr 11 (28.10.2022): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12110417.
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We investigated the effect of driver posture on driving control following a takeover request (TOR) from autonomous to manual driving in level 3 autonomous vehicles. When providing a TOR, driving behaviors need to be investigated to develop driver monitoring systems, and it is important to clarify the effect of driver postures. Experiments were conducted using driver postures that are likely to be adopted in autonomous driving. Driver postures were set based on combinations of two types of upper-body posture and three types of foot posture. The driver’s upper body and head were set to either a forward or sideways orientation. For each of these there were three types of foot posture: both feet on the floor, crossed legs, and cross-legged sitting. Following a TOR, we compared the braking and steering maneuvers of subjects driving normally and examined the effects of posture on driver reaction time. The results show that both the upper-body and foot postures of the driver affect the steering and braking reaction time. The driver monitoring system should be able to detect posture and activate a TOR warning, and detection times up to 2 and 1.3 times faster than those for normal postures should be considered for different upper-body and foot postures, respectively.
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Alinia, Parastoo, Ali Samadani, Mladen Milosevic, Hassan Ghasemzadeh i Saman Parvaneh. "Pervasive Lying Posture Tracking". Sensors 20, nr 20 (21.10.2020): 5953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205953.
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Automated lying-posture tracking is important in preventing bed-related disorders, such as pressure injuries, sleep apnea, and lower-back pain. Prior research studied in-bed lying posture tracking using sensors of different modalities (e.g., accelerometer and pressure sensors). However, there remain significant gaps in research regarding how to design efficient in-bed lying posture tracking systems. These gaps can be articulated through several research questions, as follows. First, can we design a single-sensor, pervasive, and inexpensive system that can accurately detect lying postures? Second, what computational models are most effective in the accurate detection of lying postures? Finally, what physical configuration of the sensor system is most effective for lying posture tracking? To answer these important research questions, in this article we propose a comprehensive approach for designing a sensor system that uses a single accelerometer along with machine learning algorithms for in-bed lying posture classification. We design two categories of machine learning algorithms based on deep learning and traditional classification with handcrafted features to detect lying postures. We also investigate what wearing sites are the most effective in the accurate detection of lying postures. We extensively evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms on nine different body locations and four human lying postures using two datasets. Our results show that a system with a single accelerometer can be used with either deep learning or traditional classifiers to accurately detect lying postures. The best models in our approach achieve an F1 score that ranges from 95.2% to 97.8% with a coefficient of variation from 0.03 to 0.05. The results also identify the thighs and chest as the most salient body sites for lying posture tracking. Our findings in this article suggest that, because accelerometers are ubiquitous and inexpensive sensors, they can be a viable source of information for pervasive monitoring of in-bed postures.
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Kim, Wonjoon, Byungki Jin, Sanghyun Choo, Chang S. Nam i Myung Hwan Yun. "Designing of smart chair for monitoring of sitting posture using convolutional neural networks". Data Technologies and Applications 53, nr 2 (1.04.2019): 142–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dta-03-2018-0021.
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Purpose Sitting in a chair is a typical act of modern people. Prolonged sitting and sitting with improper postures can lead to musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, there is a need for a sitting posture classification monitoring system that can predict a sitting posture. The purpose of this paper is to develop a system for classifying children’s sitting postures for the formation of correct postural habits. Design/methodology/approach For the data analysis, a pressure sensor of film type was installed on the seat of the chair, and image data of the postu.re were collected. A total of 26 children participated in the experiment and collected image data for a total of seven postures. The authors used convolutional neural networks (CNN) algorithm consisting of seven layers. In addition, to compare the accuracy of classification, artificial neural networks (ANN) technique, one of the machine learning techniques, was used. Findings The CNN algorithm was used for the sitting position classification and the average accuracy obtained by tenfold cross validation was 97.5 percent. The authors confirmed that classification accuracy through CNN algorithm is superior to conventional machine learning algorithms such as ANN and DNN. Through this study, we confirmed the applicability of the CNN-based algorithm that can be applied to the smart chair to support the correct posture in children. Originality/value This study successfully performed the posture classification of children using CNN technique, which has not been used in related studies. In addition, by focusing on children, we have expanded the scope of the related research area and expected to contribute to the early postural habits of children.
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Restuputri, Dian Palupi. "Metode REBA Untuk Pencegahan Musculoskeletal Disorder Tenaga Kerja". Jurnal Teknik Industri 18, nr 1 (24.08.2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol18.no1.19-28.
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CV. Wijaya Kusuma is a company producing sanitair. The production process is done manually. Workers work with work postures bent and squatting. Posture work bent and squat reduces the comfort. Posture work bend and squat and potential risks of musculoskeletal disorder. REBA method is suitable to solve the problem. REBA is a method used in job posture analysis. REBA method used to quickly assess the posture of the neck, back, arms, wrists, and feet of a worker. The initial stage of the research is to divide the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. NBM aims to know complaints of body parts before and after work. The purpose study is to determine the cause of complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) labor. This study provides a solution to the problem of labor MSDs complaints. The results show 6 work postures with "moderate" risk levels, 4 high-risk "work postures". All work postures in the sanitair production process require corrective action posture.
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Narang, Vipin. "Posturing for Peace? Pakistan's Nuclear Postures and South Asian Stability". International Security 34, nr 3 (styczeń 2010): 38–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2010.34.3.38.
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A probe of various regional power nuclear postures reveals that such postures, rather than simply the acquisition of nuclear weapons, can have differential effects on deterrence and stability dynamics. The India-Pakistan dyad is a useful candidate for exploring these various effects because the three regional power nuclear postures—catalytic, assured retaliation, and asymmetric escalation—have interacted with each other in South Asia. In particular, Pakistan's shift from a catalytic posture to an asymmetric escalation posture in 1998 against a continuous Indian assured retaliation posture allows the effects of nuclear posture to be isolated in an enduring rivalry in which many variables can be held constant. The asymmetric escalation posture may be “deterrence optimal” for Pakistan, suggesting that nuclear postures do have different effects on conflict dynamics, but it has also enabled Pakistan to more aggressively pursue longstanding revisionist preferences in India, triggering more frequent and intense crises on the subcontinent. Furthermore, the command and control procedures that Pakistan undertakes to make its asymmetric escalation posture credible amplify this instability. These procedures generate risks to the safety and security of Pakistan's nuclear assets, both at present and as India and Pakistan continue to dynamically evolve nuclear and conventional postures. The conclusions for South Asian and international security of this reality are grim.
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Lin, Karen, i Elizabeth Broadbent. "Understanding Embodied Effects of Posture: A Qualitative Study". Psych 5, nr 2 (26.05.2023): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psych5020030.
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Some evidence suggests body postures can elicit emotion. Compared to neutral postures, constrictive postures are associated with negative affect and low arousal, whereas expansive postures have shown mixed effects. Qualitative methods may allow insights into this phenomenon. We asked 15 participants (mean age 43 years) to adopt eight different expansive, constrictive, or neutral postures, drawn from previous power posing or postural studies. After a minute in each posture, participants were interviewed about how they felt and when they might adopt the posture in real life. Interviews were audio recorded and inductive thematic analysis conducted. Power poses were associated with power and confidence, but also aggression, arrogance, intimidation, and disrespect. The slumped posture was associated with sadness and low control, and the upright seated posture with being alert and apprehensive as well as formality. Neutral postures were associated with feeling relaxed and comfortable. These results suggest that expansive postures have mixed emotional effects, but are inappropriate in some contexts.
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Tjolleng, Amir, Jaesik Yang i Kihyo Jung. "Analysis of Leg Muscle Activities and Foot Angles while Pressing the Accelerator Pedal by Different Foot Postures". Applied Sciences 12, nr 24 (19.12.2022): 13025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122413025.
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The accelerator pedal in a vehicle can be pressed by either of two (natural and rotated) foot postures, according to driver preference. Since the rotated foot posture requires only foot motion to switch between the brake and accelerator pedals, most drivers prefer it over the natural foot posture, which requires both leg and foot motions to switch between the pedals. However, the rotated foot posture may require more leg-muscle efforts and an awkward foot posture while operating the accelerator pedal, due to an inappropriate contact between the sole of the foot and the top surface of the accelerator pedal. This study examined the effects of foot postures on leg-muscle activities and foot angles while pressing the accelerator pedal for 10 male drivers. The experimental data revealed that %MVC (maximum voluntary contraction) of leg muscles for the rotated posture (6.39%) was significantly higher than that of the natural posture (3.86%). Both foot postures showed shared patterns in foot angles while pressing the accelerator pedal; however, a slight awkward foot inversion was observed in the rotated posture while pressing the accelerator pedal. The findings of this study suggest that a new design of accelerator pedal is needed for a better user experience while pressing the accelerator pedal with the rotated foot posture.
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Kanase, Rahul Ravikant, Akash Narayan Kumavat, Rohit Datta Sinalkar i Sakshi Somani. "Pose Estimation and Correcting Exercise Posture". ITM Web of Conferences 40 (2021): 03031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20214003031.
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Our posture shows an impact on health both mentally and physically. Various methods have been proposed in order to detect different postures of a human being. Posture analysis also plays an essential role in the field of medicine such as finding out sleeping posture of a patient. Image processing based and sensor based approach are the leading posture analysis approaches. Sensor based approach is used by numerous models to focus on posture detection in which the person needs to wear some particular devices or sensors which is helpful in cases such as fall detection. Image processing based approach helps to analyze postures such as standing and sitting postures. Fitness exercises are exceptionally beneficial to individual health, but, they can also be ineffectual and quite possibly harmful if performed incorrectly. When someone does not use the proper posture, exercise mistakes occur. This proposed application utilizes pose estimation and detects the user’s exercise posture and provides detailed, customized recommendations on how the user can improve their posture. A pose estimator called OpenPose is used in this application. OpenPose is a pre trained model composed of a multi-stage CNN to detect a user’s posture. This application then evaluates the vector geometry of the pose through an exercise to provide helpful feedback. Pose estimation is a method in which spatial locations of key body joints is calculated using image or video of the person. This computer vision technique detects human posture in images or videos and shows the keypoints such as elbow or knee in the output image.
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Chhibber, Nalin, Hemant Bhaskar Surale, Fabrice Matulic i Daniel Vogel. "Typealike". Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, ISS (3.11.2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3486952.
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We propose a style of hand postures to trigger commands on a laptop. The key idea is to perform hand-postures while keeping the hands on, beside, or below the keyboard, to align with natural laptop usage. 36 hand-posture variations are explored considering three resting locations, left or right hand, open or closed hand, and three wrist rotation angles. A 30-participant formative study measures posture preferences and generates a dataset of nearly 350K images under different lighting conditions and backgrounds. A deep learning recognizer achieves over 97% accuracy when classifying all 36 postures with 2 additional non-posture classes for typing and non-typing. A second experiment with 20 participants validates the recognizer under real-time usage and compares posture invocation time with keyboard shortcuts. Results find low error rates and fast formation time, indicating postures are close to current typing and pointing postures. Finally, practical use case demonstrations are presented, and further extensions discussed.
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Ramadhan, Maulana Yusuf, Dene Herwanto i Wahyudin Wahyudin. "Analisis Postur Kerja Operator Produksi Tahu Dengan Menggunakan Metode Rappid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA ) Di UKM Suci Rizki Bekasi". JURMATIS (Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi dan Teknik Industri) 3, nr 2 (31.07.2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/jurmatis.v3i2.1713.
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Small industries or Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) are generally labor intensive, so they require human labor to carry out their production. The application of ergonomics is very necessary and needs to be considered in this situation. Lack of attention to the application of ergonomics in the workplace is a problem that can result in workers not doing their job optimally. Work posture is a determinant of effectiveness analysis in doing work. If the work posture is ergonomically good, it can be ascertained that workers can do their work optimally, so that it has an impact on production results. This study aims to analyze static work postures in order to assess the work postures of operators. The method used in this study was the Rappid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), while for subjective analysis of complaints using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. Based on NBM observations, it was found that 3 operators were in the moderate category, but needed immediate action as possible. Meanwhile, the calculation of body posture using the RULA method obtained a score of 7 against the three operators, which means that they fall into the high category and require immediate change action. The conclusion is that the work posture of the production operator at UKM Suci Rizki Bekasi is not ergonomic. The advice given is to provide improved work methods to reduce fatigue and increase productivity.Industri kecil atau Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) pada umumnya bersifat padat karya sehingga memerlukan tenaga manusia dalam melakukan produksinya. Penerapan ergonomi saangat diperlukan dan perlu diperhatikan dalam situasi ini. Kurangnya perhatian terhadap penerapan ergonomi di tempat kerja menjadi masalah yang dapat berakibat pekerja tidak maksimal dalam melakukan pekerjaannya. Postur kerja menjadi penentu analisis keefektifan dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Jika postur kerja suda baik ergonomis maka dapat dipastikan pekerja dapat maksimal melakukan pekerjaannya, sehingga berimbas terhadap hasil produksi Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis postur kerja yang bersifat statis guna menilai postur kerja yang dilakukan operator. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rappid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), sedangkan untuk analisis subjektif keluhan menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM).Berdasarkan pengamatan NBM ditemukan 3 orang operator dalam kategori sedang, akan tetapi memerlukan tindakan segera mungkin. Sedangkan perhitungan postur tubuh menggunakan metode RULA didapatkan skor 7 terhadap ketiga operator yang artinya masuk kedalam kategori tinggi dan memerlukan tindakan perubahan segera mungkin. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah postur kerja operator produksi pada UKM Suci Rizki Bekasi sangat tidak ergonomis. Saran yang diberikan adalah memberikan perbaikan metode kerja untuk mengurai kelelahan dan meningkatkan produktifitas.
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Ghimire, Nisha, i Soumitra Mukhopadhyay. "Vital Capacity in Different Body Postures among Medical Students". Medical Journal of Eastern Nepal 2, nr 01 (30.06.2023): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjen.v2i01.56197.
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Background: Cross legged sitting posture (sukhasana, yogic) is normal sitting posture in India, Nepal and some neighboring countries. This posture is also claimed to deepen breath. However, not many studies have been documented to observe if there is any difference in vital capacity (VC) of lungs in standing, sitting erect posture in chair, and sitting erect in crossed legged posture. So, our aim is to compare the vital capacity in standing, sitting erect posture in chair, and crossed legged sitting posture. Methods: Forty medical and paramedical students (20 males and 20 females) of Nobel medical college were selected for the study. After selecting the students as per selection criteria, vital capacity was measured with spirometer in standing, sitting erect on chair (palms facing up and down) and sitting erect in crossed legged posture (palms facing up and down). One way ANOVA followed by post hoc analysis was done to compare the vital capacity among different postures. Data were expressed as Mean ± SD. p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Significant decrease in vital capacity was observed when posture changed from standing to erect sitting posture (sitting with palms facing up), {(2242.50ml ±155.830 vs 2095.0ml± 181.29) p=0.05} in females only. No significant changes were seen between erect sitting posture and crossed legged sitting posture in both palms facing up and down conditions. Conclusion: Vital capacity was highest in standing posture and lowest in erect sitting posture with palms facing up only in females. Though statistically not significant, among sitting postures, the vital capacity was high in crossed legged posture compared to sitting erect in chair in both males and females.
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Scott, S. H., i J. F. Kalaska. "Changes in motor cortex activity during reaching movements with similar hand paths but different arm postures". Journal of Neurophysiology 73, nr 6 (1.06.1995): 2563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2563.
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1. Neuronal activity was recorded in the motor cortex of a monkey that performed reaching movements with the use of two different arm postures. In the first posture (control), the monkey used its natural arm orientation, approximately in the sagittal plane. In the second posture (abducted), the monkey had to adduct its elbow nearly to shoulder level to grasp the handle. The path of the hand between targets was similar in both arm postures, but the joint kinematics and kinetics were different. 2. In both postures, the activity of single cells was often broadly tuned with movement direction and static arm posture over the targets. In a large proportion of cells, either the level of tonic activity, the directional tuning, or both, varied between the two postures during the movement and target hold periods. 3. For most directions of movement, there was a statistically significant difference in the direction of the population vector for the two arm postures. Furthermore, whereas the population vector tended to point in the direction of movement for the control posture, there was a poorer correspondence between the direction of movement and the population vector for the abducted posture. These observed changes are inconsistent with the notion that the motor cortex encodes purely hand trajectory in space.
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Cary, Doug, Angela Jacques i Kathy Briffa. "Examining relationships between sleep posture, waking spinal symptoms and quality of sleep: A cross sectional study". PLOS ONE 16, nr 11 (30.11.2021): e0260582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260582.
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Introduction Research with a focus on sleep posture has been conducted in association with sleep pathologies such as insomnia and positional obstructive sleep apnoea. Research examining the potential role sleep posture may have on waking spinal symptoms and quality of sleep is however limited. The aims of this research were to compare sleep posture and sleep quality in participants with and without waking spinal symptoms. Methods Fifty-three participants (36 female) were, based on symptoms, allocated to one of three groups; Control (n = 20, 16 female), Cervical (n = 13, 10 female) and Lumbar (n = 20, 10 female). Participants completed an online survey to collect general information and patient reported outcomes and were videoed over two consecutive nights to determine sleep posture using a validated classification system including intermediate sleep postures. Results Participants in the symptomatic groups also reported a lower sleep quality than the Control group. Compared to Control group participants, those in the Cervical group had more frequent posture changes (mean (SD); 18.3(6.5) versus 23.6(6.6)), spent more time in undesirable/provocative sleep postures (median IQR; 83.8(16.4,105.2) versus 185.1(118.0,251.8)) minutes and had more long periods of immobility in a provocative posture, (median IQR: 0.5(0.0,1.5) versus 2.0 (1.5,4.0)). There were no significant differences between the Control and Lumbar groups in the number of posture changes (18.3(6.5) versus 22.9(9.1)) or the time spent in provocative sleep postures (0.5(0.0,1.5) versus 1.5(1.5,3.4)) minutes. Discussion This is the first study using a validated objective measure of sleep posture to compare symptomatic and Control group participants sleeping in their home environment. In general, participants with waking spinal symptoms spent more time in provocative sleep postures, and experienced poorer sleep quality.
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Wang, Dahai. "Research on space attitude recognition and control method for soft robotics based on neural networks". Applied and Computational Engineering 30, nr 1 (22.01.2024): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/30/20230075.
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In the modern field of biomedical robotics, there is increasing attention on the use of soft robots as carriers for surgical devices. Compared to rigid robots, soft robots exhibit more complex postures and work environments, requiring new methods for recognizing and controlling their postures within biological organisms. This paper investigates the recognition and control of the posture of soft robots using a neural network learning approach, utilizing a soft robot equipped with resistive sensors. By establishing the relationship between changes in resistance values and posture variations, the study successfully achieves the identification and control of the soft robot's posture. The obtained posture data based on resistance values are validated for reliability. Thus, by combining resistive sensors with soft robots and employing neural network analysis, the recognition and control of soft robots postures within biological organisms can be achieved.
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Hoffman, Suzanne G., Matthew P. Reed i Don B. Chaffin. "The Relationship between Hand Force Direction and Posture during Two-Handed Pushing Tasks". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, nr 15 (październik 2007): 928–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705101513.
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Posture and external loads such as hand forces have a dominant effect on ergonomic analysis outcomes. Accurate job analyses require accurate representation of working postures and knowledge of external loads. The effects of hand force location, magnitude, and direction on whole-body posture for standing tasks were quantified in a motion-capture study of 20 men and women with widely varying body size. A subset of the data was analyzed to study the relationship between hand force direction and posture during two-handed pushing tasks performed with and without a constraint on hand force direction. Analyses demonstrated that force direction is a significant determinant of posture, and that pushing postures are consistent with several biomechanical principles.
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Alessa, Faisal M., i Xiaopeng Ning. "Lumbar Range of Motion and Flexion Relaxation Phenomenon Onset During Static Trunk Bending Postures". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, nr 1 (wrzesień 2018): 915–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621210.
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The purpose of the current study was to assess the changes in lumbar tissue load sharing mechanism and lumbar range of motion at different trunk flexion postures. Eight participants performed the tasks of changing lumbar posture from extended to flexed posture while maintaining fixed trunk postures (30°, 60°, or 90°). Results of the present study showed that FRP onset was observed in almost all the trials at two conditions of trunk posture (i.e. 60° and 90°). The results also showed that lumbar range of motion changed significantly between the different levels of trunk posture. Findings of the current study could help for better understanding of the dynamics of lumbar active and passive tissue loading during static trunk flexion.
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Nyrén, Sven, Peter Radell, Sten G. E. Lindahl, Margareta Mure, Johan Petersson, Stig A. Larsson, Hans Jacobsson i Alejandro Sánchez-Crespo. "Lung Ventilation and Perfusion in Prone and Supine Postures with Reference to Anesthetized and Mechanically Ventilated Healthy Volunteers". Anesthesiology 112, nr 3 (1.03.2010): 682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181cf40c8.
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Background The literature on ventilation (V) and lung perfusion (Q) distributions during general anesthesia and controlled mechanical ventilation in supine and prone position is contradictory. The authors aimed to investigate whether V, Q, and ventilation to perfusion ratio (V/Q ratio) matching in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated volunteers are gravity dependent irrespective of posture. Methods Seven healthy volunteers were studied at two different occasions during general anesthesia and controlled mechanical ventilation. One occasion studied ventral to dorsal V and Q distributions in the supine posture and the other in the prone posture. Imaging was performed in supine posture at both occasions. A dual radiotracer technique and single photon emission computed tomography were used. V and Q were simultaneously tagged with Tc-Technegas (Tetley Manufacturing Ltd., Sydney, Australia) and In-labeled macroaggregates of human albumin (TechneScan LyoMAA, Mallinckrodt Medica, Petten, The Netherlands), respectively. Results No differences in V between postures were observed. Q differed between postures, being more uniform over different lung regions in prone posture and dependent in supine posture. The contribution of the vertical direction to the total V/Q ratio heterogeneity was larger in supine (31.4%) than in prone (16.4%) (P = 0.0639, two-tailed, paired t test) posture. Conclusions During mechanical ventilation, prone posture favors a more evenly distributed Q between lung regions. V distribution is independent of posture. This results in a tendency toward lower V/Q gradients in the ventral to dorsal direction in prone compared with supine posture.
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Bhatt, Nayan, i Varadhan SKM. "Posture similarity index: a method to compare hand postures in synergy space". PeerJ 6 (10.12.2018): e6078. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6078.
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Background The human hand can perform a range of manipulation tasks, from holding a pen to holding a hammer. The central nervous system (CNS) uses different strategies in different manipulation tasks based on task requirements. Attempts to compare postures of the hand have been made for use in robotics and animation industries. In this study, we developed an index called the posture similarity index to quantify the similarity between two human hand postures. Methods Twelve right-handed volunteers performed 70 postures, and lifted and held 30 objects (total of 100 different postures, each performed five times). A 16-sensor electromagnetic tracking system captured the kinematics of individual finger phalanges (segments). We modeled the hand as a 21-DoF system and computed the corresponding joint angles. We used principal component analysis to extract kinematic synergies from this 21-DoF data. We developed a posture similarity index (PSI), that represents the similarity between posture in the synergy (Principal component) space. First, we tested the performance of this index using a synthetic dataset. After confirming that it performs well with the synthetic dataset, we used it to analyze the experimental data. Further, we used PSI to identify postures that are “representative” in the sense that they have a greater overlap (in synergy space) with a large number of postures. Results Our results confirmed that PSI is a relatively accurate index of similarity in synergy space both with synthetic data and real experimental data. Also, more special postures than common postures were found among “representative” postures. Conclusion We developed an index for comparing posture similarity in synergy space and demonstrated its utility by using synthetic dataset and experimental dataset. Besides, we found that “special” postures are actually “special” in the sense that there are more of them in the “representative” postures as identified by our posture similarity index.
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Hallbeck, M. Susan, Abe H. Kamal i Paul E. Harmon. "The Effects of Forearm Posture, Wrist Posture, Gender, and Hand on Three Peak Pinch Force Types". Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, nr 10 (październik 1992): 801–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129203601035.
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In many industries the hand is utilized as a fixture, pinching in various wrist postures and forearm postures. In an effort to quantify the effects of wrist posture, forearm posture, gender, and dominant/non-dominant hand upon three peak pinch forces, a study was performed. Three pinch types were tested in this study: index pad pinch, middle pad pinch, and three-jaw chuck pinch force. For each pinch exertion condition, one of five wrist postures were employed: neutral, 45° extension, 65° extension, 45° flexion, and 65° flexion. Each pinch was also performed in one of three forearm postures: neutral, full pronation, and full supination. Ten subjects between 20–25 years of age within each gender category were tested giving a total of 20 subjects. Each subject was asked to build up to his or her maximal voluntary contraction using a modified Caldwell regimen, and hold that pinch level for three seconds. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significant effects (gender, hand, pinch type, wrist posture, and forearm posture) tested using post hoc analysis. The results and their implications are discussed.
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Seki, Keitaro, Tomoki Nagano, Kiyohide Aoyama i Yasunori Morioka. "Squat and Countermovement Vertical Jump Dynamics Using Knee Dominant or Hip Dominant Strategies". Journal of Human Kinetics 86, nr 1 (20.01.2023): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/jhk/159285.
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This study aimed to investigate squat jump and countermovement jump kinetics in the knee dominant and hip dominant postures. Participants included 12 male sports science students. They were instructed to perform a squat jump and a countermovement jump with two squat postures: knee- and hip-dominant postures. The jumping motion and ground reaction force were recorded using a motion capture system and a force plate, respectively. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was a significant interaction for the maximal knee joint extension torque, with the knee-countermovement jump being more than twice higher than that of other conditions, but not for mechanical work of the knee joint, which was significantly greater in the knee posture than in the hip posture. No significant interactions were found in mechanical work and maximal extension torque of the hip joint, both of which were significantly greater in the hip posture than in the knee posture, and in the countermovement jump than in the squat jump. This study showed that the effects of countermovement and posture were different for joints and that these effects were independent in the hip joint, but interacted in the knee joint. In the knee joint, the posture increased the effect of countermovement on extension torque, but the effect on mechanical work was small. This suggests that countermovement in the knee posture has little effect on the lifting work, but results in a great load on the knee extensors.
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Rocha, Anneliese Schonhorst, i Jorge Luiz De Souza. "OBSERVAÇÃO DAS ATIVIDADES DE VIDA DIÁRIA ATRAVÉS DE VÍDEO." Movimento (ESEFID/UFRGS) 5, nr 11 (19.10.2007): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1982-8918.2480.
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As posturas corporais assumidas para a execução das atividades devida diária e nas tarefas laborais como sentar, pegar, carregar e trocar objetos de lugar, entre outras, muitas vezes são responsáveis pelos excessos provocados sobre determinadas articulações e grupos musculares, especialmente quando executadas de forma inadequada desrespeitando os princípios biomecânicos.1 Para verificar de forma efetiva a postura corporal adotada em diferentes situações do cotidiano, elaborou-se e validou-se um instrumento de avaliação através de vídeo, baseado no teste original de postura dinâmica, criado Basler, Beisenherz-Hahn, Frank, Griss, Herda, Keller, (1993) e adaptado por Souza (1 995), o qual permite o julgamento de diferentes movimentos e posições corporais, através de critérios previamente estabelecidos. Para se obter a validação do instrumento foi realizada uma filmagem de dez indivíduos, que foi analisada por dois profissionais da área de postura corporal. Os resultados do tratamento estatístico demonstraram alto índice (Cronbach Alpha) para consistência interna para todos os critérios analisados e uma alta correlação (Spearman) entre os avaliadores, tornando o instrumento fidedigno. The body postures intending to execute daily and labor chores such as sitting, grabbing, holding and moving objects, among others, are often responsible by the strain upon certain articulations and muscles, especially when done in a wrong way, not respecting the biomechanical principies.2 In order to efficiently check the body posture adopted under various everyday situations, an instrument of evaluation through video was designed and valided, based on the original test of dynamic posture, by Basler, Beisenherz-Hahn, Frank, Griss, Herda, Keller (1 993) adapted by Souza (1995), which allows us to judge the different movements and body postures under previously settled criteria. To obtain the validation of the instrument ten subjects were filmed, being later analyzed by three professional in dynamic body posture. The results of the statistical treatment showed a high index (Cronbach Alpha) of inner consistence for ali the analyzed criteria and a high correlation (Spearman) among the raters making this a reliable instrument.
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Martins, Leonardo, Rui Lucena, Rui Almeida, João Belo, Cláudia Quaresma, Adelaide Jesus i Pedro Vieira. "Intelligent Chair Sensor". International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 3, nr 2 (kwiecień 2014): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2014040105.
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In order to develop an intelligent system capable of posture classification and correction the authors developed a chair prototype equipped with air bladders in the chair's seat pad and backrest, which can in turn detect the user posture based on the pressure inside said bladders and change their conformation by inflation or deflation. Pressure maps for eleven standardized postures were gathered in order to automatically detect the user's posture, with resource to neural networks classifiers. First the authors tried to find the best parameters for the neural network classification of our data, obtaining an overall classification of around 80% for eleven standardized postures. Those neural networks were then exported to a mobile application to achieve a real-time classification of the standardized postures. Results showed a real-time classification of 93.4% for eight standardized postures, even for users that experimented for the first-time our intelligent chair. Using the same mobile application they devised and implemented two correction algorithms, acting due to conformation change of the bladders in the chair's seat when a poor seating posture is detected for certain periods of time.
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Marlina, Mike, Taufiq Ihsan i Resti Ayu Lestari. "Analisis Postur Kerja pada Usaha Gorengan Rumahan dengan Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA)". MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA 20, nr 6 (4.11.2021): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.20.6.409-415.
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Latar belakang: Usaha Gorengan Bunda merupakan home industry yang bekerja dengan cara Manual Material Handling (MMH) selama proses produksinya. Mengingat aktivitas MMH mempunyai peranan vital, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis postur pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis postur kerja menggunakan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA) pada pekerja Usaha Gorengan Bunda yang berlokasi di Siteba.Metode: Metode RULA merupakan metode observasi untuk menganalisis postur kerja tubuh bagian atas. Pengambilan data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan untuk memperoleh skor RULA, pengisian kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM) untuk memperoleh data keluhan pekerja, dan data korelasi variabel usia dan masa kerja terhadap postur kerja yang digunakan.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekerja pada proses membuat kulit gorengan dan proses membuat isi gorengan berada pada level action 4 yang berarti perlu dilakukan perubahan. Pada pekerja proses mengisi gorengan dan mengemas cabe berada pada level action 3 yang berarti diperlukan investigasi, perubahan diperlukan segera, sedangkan, pada proses mempersiapkan bahan berada pada level action 2 yang berarti investigasi diperlukan, perubahan mungkin diperlukan. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh korelasi antara usia dan masa kerja terhadap postur kerja pekerja dengan nilai signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,06 dan 0,039.Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan masa kerja mempunyai hubungan terhadap risiko postur kerja (p < 0,05). Tindakan perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan menambah fasilitas kerja seperti menyediakan kursi yang memiliki penyangga punggung, memperbaiki fasilitas kerja sesuai dengan antropometri tubuh pekerja, melakukan kebiasaan berolahraga untuk menjaga kebugaran tubuh.Kata kunci: Industri; Postur Kerja; Ergonomi; Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA); Nordic Body Map (NBM) ABSTRACT Title: Work Posture Analysis in Gorengan Home Industry using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) MethodBackground: Gorengan Bunda Business is a home industry that works by means of Manual Material Handling (MMH) during the production process. Given that MMH activities have a vital role, it is necessary to conduct research to identify and analyze worker postures. This study aims to analyze work posture using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method on the workers of the Gorengan Bunda Business located in Siteba. Method: The RULA method is an observational method for analyzing the work posture of the upper body. Data collection was obtained through field observations to obtain RULA scores, filling in the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire to obtain worker complaint data, and data on the correlation of age and working period variables to the work posture used. Result: The results showed that workers in the process of making fried skin and in the process of making fried fillings were at action level 4, which means that changes need to be made. In the process of filling the fry and packing chilies it is at action level 3 which means investigation is needed, changes are needed immediately, meanwhile, in the process of preparing ingredients it is at action level 2 which means investigation is needed, changes may be needed. In this study, it was found that the correlation between age and years of service on the work posture of workers with a significance value (p) of 0.06 and 0.039. Conclusion: This study shows that tenure has a relationship with the risk of work posture (p <0.05). Corrective actions that can be taken are adding work facilities such as providing chairs that have back support, improving work facilities according to the worker's body anthropometry, doing exercise habits to maintain body fitness.Keywords: Industry; Work Posture; Ergonomy; Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA); Nordic Body Map (NBM)
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Haryoko, Imam, i Dwi Herdayanti. "PEMERIKSAAN POSTUR TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN BEBAN BERLEBIH PADA TAS SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 PEMULUTAN BARA". Khidmah 1, nr 1 (7.10.2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.52523/khidmah.v1i1.262.
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Seiring perkembangan berbagai metode pendidikan di Indonesia secara tidak langsung menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan bagi siswa siswi sekolah, khususnya siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) hal ini akan berdampak kepada bertambah beratnya beban yang dibawa didalam tas siswa SMA. Namun beragamnya jenis tas yang digunakan oleh siswa SMA dapat menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan distribusi beban yang diterima oleh tubuh siswa bahkan menyebabkan timbulkan berbagai gangguan musculoskeletal yang berujung kepada perubahan dari postur tubuh yang seringkali tidak terindentifikasi. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi adanya perubahan postur siswa SMA Negeri 1 Pemulutan barat akibat beban berlebih. Pelaksanaan survei dilakukan dengan melakukan penimbangan tas punggung siswa sekolah dasar, mengukur berat badan, dan ditanyakan dengan kuesioner apakah siswa tersebut mengalami nyeri punggung dengan sebab non traumatik dan kelainan fisik seminggu terakhir lalu mengukur postur siswa menggunakan posture chart zone. Hasil pemeriksaan didapatkan 3 dari 25 sample ditemukan memiliki perbedaan tinggi bahu kanan dan kiri. Hal tersebut merupakan gejala awal dari gangguan muskuloskeletal berupa deviasi postural. Kesimpulan Adanya perubahan postur pada 12 % siswa SMA Negeri 1 Pemulutan Barat.
As the development of various methods of education in Indonesia indirectly raises a variety of health problems for school students, especially high school students, this will have an impact on increasing the weight carried in the bag of high school students. The variety of types of bags used by high school students can cause an imbalance in the distribution of the load received by the student's body and even cause various musculoskeletal disorders which lead to changes in body postures that are often not identified. This community service aims to identify changes in the posture of the students of West Pelangi 1 High School due to excessive burden. Method : The survey was conducted by weighing backpacks of elementary school students, measure weight, and be asked with questionnaire whether the student has back pain due to non traumatic and physical abnormalities in the past week and then measuring the posture of students using posture chart zone. Results : There were 3 out of 25 samples found to have differences in right and left shoulder height. This is the initial symptom of a musculoskeletal disorder in the form of postural deviation. Conclusion ,There is a change in posture in 12% of students of West Smear 1 High School.
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Xu, Tao, Wei Sun, Shaowei Lu, Ke-ming Ma i Xiaoqiang Wang. "The real-time elderly fall posture identifying scheme with wearable sensors". International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, nr 11 (listopad 2019): 155014771988561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719885616.
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The accidental fall is the major risk for elderly especially under unsupervised states. It is necessary to real-time monitor fall postures for elderly. This paper proposes the fall posture identifying scheme with wearable sensors including MPU6050 and flexible graphene/rubber. MPU6050 is located at the waist to monitor the attitude of the body with triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope. The graphene/rubber sensors are located at the knees to monitor the moving actions of the legs. A real-time fall postures identifying algorithm is proposed by the integration of triaxial accelerometer, tilt angles, and the bending angles from the graphene/rubber sensors. A volunteer is engaged to emulate elderly physical behaviors in performing four activities of daily living and six fall postures. Four basic fall down postures can be identified with MPU6050. Integrated with graphene/rubber sensors, two more fall postures are correctly identified by the proposed scheme. Test results show that the accuracy for activities of daily living detection is 93.5% and that for fall posture identifying is 90%. After the fall postures are identified, the proposed system transmits the fall posture to the smart phone carried by the elderly via Bluetooth. Finally, the posture and location are transmitted to the specified mobile phone by short message.
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Jung, Eui S., Jaeho Choe i Sung H. Kim. "Psychophysical Cost Function of Joint Movement for Arm Reach Posture Prediction". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, nr 10 (październik 1994): 636–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403801020.
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A man model can be used as an effective tool to design ergonomically sound products and workplaces, and subsequently evaluate them properly. For a man model to be truly useful, it must be integrated with a posture prediction model which should be capable of representing the human arm reach posture in the context of equipments and workspaces. Since the human movement possesses redundant degrees of freedom, accurate representation or prediction of human movement was known to be a difficult problem. To solve this redundancy problem, a psychophysical cost function was suggested in this study which defines a cost value for each joint movement angle. The psychophysical cost function developed integrates the psychophysical discomfort of joints and the joint range availability concept which has been used for redundant arm manipulation in robotics to predict the arm reach posture. To properly predict an arm reach posture, an arm reach posture prediction model was then developed in which a posture configuration that provides the minimum total cost is chosen. The predictivity of the psychophysical cost function was compared with that of the biomechanical cost function which is based on the minimization of joint torque. Here, the human body is regarded as a two-dimensional multi-link system which consists of four links; trunk, upper arm, lower arm and hand. Real reach postures were photographed from the subjects and were compared to the postures predicted by the model. Results showed that the postures predicted by the psychophysical cost function closely simulated human reach postures and the predictivity was more accurate than that by the biomechanical cost function.
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KWON, YURI, JI-WON KIM, JAE-HOON HEO, HYEONG-MIN JEON, EUI-BUM CHOI i GWANG-MOON EOM. "CLASSIFICATION OF SPINAL POSTURES DURING CROSS-LEGGED SITTING ON THE FLOOR". Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 19, nr 08 (grudzień 2019): 1940056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519419400566.
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One of the most frequent sitting styles of Asians in everyday life is a cross-legged sitting. The cross-legged sitting results in higher compression load in spine than sitting on a chair, so a proper sitting posture is more needed. The purpose of this study was to classify the spinal posture during cross-legged sitting from the seat pressure pattern for future usage in the posture monitoring system. Twenty young men participated in this study. The seat pressure was measured for three spinal postures of flat, slump, and lordosis when subjects were instructed to pose a certain posture while seated on the floor with legs crossed. The contact area was divided into feet and buttocks by using a filter with a pressure threshold ([Formula: see text]). A decision tree was developed for the classification of three postures, with a decision variable of feet to buttocks pressure ratio. The three spinal postures were classified by comparison of feet-buttocks ratio ([Formula: see text] and thresholds ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]): a slump posture with a greater [Formula: see text] than [Formula: see text], a lordosis posture with a smaller [Formula: see text] than [Formula: see text]. Each threshold was calculated by adding or subtracting a certain percentage ([Formula: see text]) to or from the [Formula: see text] of flat posture and the classification accuracy was investigated with a range of thresholds. The accuracy of classification achieved 99.38% for certain ranges of thresholds. The developed algorithm showed the best performance when [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were in the range of 2.85–5.67% and 1.58–2.20%, respectively. The feet-buttocks pressure ratio showed significant correlation with lumbar angle ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Anterior and posterior tilts of upper body in the slump and lordosis postures would result in more pressure concentration in the feet and buttocks, respectively, which was incorporated in the classification algorithm of this study. The result of this study could be extended to the real-time or offline monitoring of the sitting posture.
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Kar, Gourab, i Alan Hedge. "Effects of Sitting and Standing Work Postures on Short-Term Typing Performance and Discomfort". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, nr 1 (wrzesień 2016): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601104.
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The study evaluated effects of sitting and standing work postures on objective short-term computer typing performance and perceived discomfort. A randomized, repeated measures, study design was used to assess typing performance and perceived discomfort for 12 participants on a 15-minute computer-typing task. Typing performance was measured by number of characters typed and number of errors. Perceived discomfort was measured for the whole body, as well as for upper body and lower body, using a visual analog scale. Results suggest that for a short-term computer typing task, compared to a sitting work posture a standing work posture leads to fewer typing errors without impacting typing speed. Overall levels of perceived discomfort for the whole body are similar for sitting and standing work postures. However, for perceived discomfort there is an interaction of work posture and body region - upper body discomfort is higher in the sitting work posture while lower body discomfort is higher in the standing work posture.
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Sugiantini, Ni Made Hari, Ni Ketut Guru Prapti, Nyoman Agus Jagat Raya i I. Kadek Saputra. "Rapid Entire Body Assessment for Work Posture’s Analysis of A Pig Farmer in Bali: A Preliminary Study". Journal of A Sustainable Global South 7, nr 2 (29.08.2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jsgs.2023.v07.i02.p03.
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Traditional pig farmers have a high potential and intensity of exposure to ergonomic hazards. Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) is one of the universal instruments relied upon to assess the ergonomic hazards of work postures. This study aimed to analyze the work postures of traditional pig farmer in Bali. This research is a preliminary study with an observational approach. One pig farmer was involved in this study. REBA was used to analyze the subject's work posture, including finding the risk category of the work posture performed. The subject data were analyzed to obtain each group's score consisting of a score of 6 for group A analysis, 5 in group B, 8 in group C, and 2 additional scores. The results showed that the pig farmer had a high-risk work posture, with a work posture’s score of 10. Reba in this study has the potential to comprehensively analyze the subject's posture. Further investigation of work posture among traditional pig farmers are recommended using REBA.
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Chaowpeerapong, Thanaphak, Ketmanee Jongjiamdee, Pichitpol Kerdsomnuek, Suksalin Booranasubkajorn, Bavornrat Vanadurongwan, Weerawat Limroongreungrat, Pravit Akarasereenont i Apichat Asavamongkolkul. "Three-dimensional Kinematic Analysis and Muscle Activation of the Upper Extremity in Ruesi Dutton Exercises". Siriraj Medical Journal 74, nr 11 (1.11.2022): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.2022.85.
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Objective: To investigate 3-D upper extremity joint angles and muscle activities in selected Ruesi-Dutton exercises.Material and Methods: Twenty-six healthy participants (mean age of 25.65, mean height of 165.08 cm, and mean weight of 56.69 Kg) volunteered to take part in this study. 3-D motion analysis consisted of eight cameras synchronized with a wireless electromyography (EMG) system to collect kinematic data and muscle activity. Participants performed five postures, including the Kae Lom Kho Mue posture, Kae Puat Thong Kae Kho Thao posture, Kae Kiat posture, Kae Puat Thong Sabak Chom posture, and Kae Lom Puat Sisa. The upper extremity joint angles and range of motion (ROM) and EMG were analyzed.Results: Most postures were in the normal range of motion. The percentage of MVIC was more than 1% and the Trapezius muscle is the most active in all postures.Conclusion: The data in this research is useful to help select the correct posture and exercise for a specific condition.
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Jeon, Chanhui, Haram Kim i Dongsoo Kim. "A Deep-Learning-Based System for Pig Posture Classification: Enhancing Sustainable Smart Pigsty Management". Sustainability 16, nr 7 (29.03.2024): 2888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16072888.
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This paper presents a deep-learning-based system for classifying pig postures, aiming to improve the management of sustainable smart pigsties. The classification of pig postures is a crucial concern for researchers investigating pigsty environments and for on-site pigsty managers. To address this issue, we developed a comprehensive system framework for pig posture classification within a pigsty. We collected image datasets from an open data sharing site operated by a public organization and systematically conducted the following steps: object detection, data labeling, image preprocessing, model development, and training. These processes were carried out using the acquired datasets to ensure comprehensive and effective training for our pig posture classification system. Subsequently, we analyzed and discussed the classification results using techniques such as Grad-CAM. As a result of visual analysis through Grad-CAM, it is possible to identify image features when posture is correctly classified or misclassified in a pig image. By referring to these results, it is expected that the accuracy of pig posture classification can be further improved. Through this analysis and discussion, we can identify which features of pig postures in images need to be emphasized to improve the accuracy of pig posture classification. The findings of this study are anticipated to significantly improve the accuracy of pig posture classification. In practical applications, the proposed pig posture classification system holds the potential to promptly detect abnormal situations in pigsties, leading to prompt responses. Ultimately, this can greatly contribute to increased productivity in pigsty operations, fostering efficiency enhancements in pigsty management.
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Fonseca, Luís, Fernando Ribeiro i José Metrôlho. "Effects of the Number of Classes and Pressure Map Resolution on Fine-Grained In-Bed Posture Classification". Computation 11, nr 12 (2.12.2023): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation11120239.
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In-bed posture classification has attracted considerable research interest and has significant potential to enhance healthcare applications. Recent works generally use approaches based on pressure maps, machine learning algorithms and focused mainly on finding solutions to obtain high accuracy in posture classification. Typically, these solutions use different datasets with varying numbers of sensors and classify the four main postures (supine, prone, left-facing, and right-facing) or, in some cases, include some variants of those main postures. Following this, this article has three main objectives: fine-grained detection of postures of bedridden people, identifying a large number of postures, including small variations—consideration of 28 different postures will help to better identify the actual position of the bedridden person with a higher accuracy. The number of different postures in this approach is considerably higher than the of those used in any other related work; analyze the impact of pressure map resolution on the posture classification accuracy, which has also not been addressed in other studies; and use the PoPu dataset, a dataset that includes pressure maps from 60 participants and 28 different postures. The dataset was analyzed using five distinct ML algorithms (k-nearest neighbors, linear support vector machines, decision tree, random forest, and multi-layer perceptron). This study’s findings show that the used algorithms achieve high accuracy in 4-posture classification (up to 99% in the case of MLP) using the PoPu dataset, with lower accuracies when attempting the finer-grained 28-posture classification approach (up to 68% in the case of random forest). The results indicate that using ML algorithms for finer-grained applications is possible to specify the patient’s exact position to some degree since the parent posture is still accurately classified. Furthermore, reducing the resolution of the pressure maps seems to affect the classifiers only slightly, which suggests that for applications that do not need finer-granularity, a lower resolution might suffice.
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Fathimahhayati, Lina Dianati, Theresia Amelia Pawitra, Willy Tambunan i Markus Hartono. "Working posture analysis on oyster mushroom farmers using OWAS method in Lempake, Samarinda, East Kalimantan". Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 18, nr 1 (28.08.2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v18i1.7197.
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A preliminary survey showed that oyster mushroom farmers in Lempake Samarinda experienced pain in several body segments, especially at their waist. It may be attributable to the working condition that requires non-ergonomic postures such as frequent awkward posture in sitting or standing position. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the working posture in oyster mushroom farmers. Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) method was applied to measure the risk level of farmers' working posture. A total of ten activities were observed from the oyster mushroom cultivations' process in four cultivations in Lempake, Samarinda, Indonesia. Each activity was assessed using the OWAS category based on the position of the back, arms, legs, and load. The result showed that 10% of farmers' working posture was classified in the 4th risk level category, categorized as highly dangerous for the musculoskeletal system, so direct improvement was needed. Furthermore, 10% of working postures were classified in the 3rd risk level category, and 60% of working posture was in the 2nd risk level category, which is categorized as dangerous for the musculoskeletal system and could cause significant tension so that improvement in the future as needed. On the other hand, 20% of working posture was classified in the 1st category which was safe for the musculoskeletal system
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Grasso, R., M. Zago i F. Lacquaniti. "Interactions Between Posture and Locomotion: Motor Patterns in Humans Walking With Bent Posture Versus Erect Posture". Journal of Neurophysiology 83, nr 1 (1.01.2000): 288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.1.288.
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Human erect locomotion is unique among living primates. Evolution selected specific biomechanical features that make human locomotion mechanically efficient. These features are matched by the motor patterns generated in the CNS. What happens when humans walk with bent postures? Are normal motor patterns of erect locomotion maintained or completely reorganized? Five healthy volunteers walked straight and forward at different speeds in three different postures (regular, knee-flexed, and knee- and trunk-flexed) while their motion, ground reaction forces, and electromyographic (EMG) activity were recorded. The three postures imply large differences in the position of the center of body mass relative to the body segments. The elevation angles of the trunk, pelvis, and lower limb segments relative to the vertical in the sagittal plane, the ground reaction forces and the rectified EMGs were analyzed over the gait cycle. The waveforms of the elevation angles along the gait cycle remained essentially unchanged irrespective of the adopted postures. The first two harmonics of these kinematic waveforms explain >95% of their variance. The phase shift but not the amplitude ratio between the first harmonic of the elevation angle waveforms of adjacent pairs was affected systematically by changes in posture. Thigh, shank, and foot angles covaried close to a plane in all conditions, but the plane orientation was systematically different in bent versus erect locomotion. This was explained by the changes in the temporal coupling among the three segments. For walking speeds >1 m s−1, the plane orientation of bent locomotion indicates a much lower mechanical efficiency relative to erect locomotion. Ground reaction forces differed prominently in bent versus erect posture displaying characteristics intermediate between those typical of walking and those of running. Mean EMG activity was greater in bent postures for all recorded muscles independent of the functional role. The waveforms of the muscle activities and muscle synergies also were affected by the adopted posture. We conclude that maintaining bent postures does not interfere either with the generation of segmental kinematic waveforms or with the planar constraint of intersegmental covariation. These characteristics are maintained at the expense of adjustments in kinetic parameters, muscle synergies and the temporal coupling among the oscillating body segments. We argue that an integrated control of gait and posture is made possible because these two motor functions share some common principles of spatial organization.
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Swandari, Made Intan, Ni Wayan Tianing, Anak Agung Gede Eka Septian Utama i Gede Parta Kinandana. "FORWARD HEAD POSTURE DENGAN KESEIMBANGAN DINAMIS PADA REMAJA USIA 13-14 TAHUN DI SMPN 12 DENPASAR-CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY". Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia 11, nr 2 (15.05.2023): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mifi.2023.v11.i02.p11.
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Pendahuluan: Perubahan postur merupakan suatu permasalahan yang sering dikeluhkan pada kalangan remaja. Hal ini diakibatkan karena pada usia remaja rentan mengalami perubahan postur seperti forward head posture dan kelainan tulang belakang, seperti kifosis, lordosis maupun skoliosis karena remaja sedang mengalami maturasi tulang, jika permasalahan postur ini dibiarkan dalam jangka waktu lama akan dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya kerusakan pada tendon, struktur, ligamen serta otot dari tulang belakang cervical serta lumbal. Kerja otot yang tidak normal akan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan pada keseimbangan dinamis. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk membuktikan adanya hubungan antara forward head posture dengan keseimbangan dinamis pada remaja usia 13-14 tahun di SMPN 12 Denpasar.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional bersifat analitik yang menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 89 orang yang berusia 13-14 tahun berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, eksklusi, dan drop out yang telah ditentukan. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengukur forward head posture dengan analisis photogrammetry dan keseimbangan dinamis diukur menggunakan Y Balance Test. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji analisis Spearman Rho.
Hasil: Hasil uji analisis Spearman Rho pada penelitian ini didapatkan nilai p=0,000 yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara forward head posture dengan keseimbangan dinamis dan terdapat tingkat hubungan yang sangat kuat yaitu r=0,837 antara forward head posture dengan keseimbangan dinamis pada remaja.
Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan hubungan yang sangat kuat antara forward head posture dengan keseimbangan dinamis pada remaja usia 13-14 tahun SMPN 12 Denpasar.
Kata Kunci: forward head posture, remaja, keseimbangan dinamis
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NISHIWAKI, KOICHI, MAMORU KUGA, SATOSHI KAGAMI, MASAYUKI INABA i HIROCHIKA INOUE. "WHOLE-BODY COOPERATIVE BALANCED MOTION GENERATION FOR REACHING". International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 02, nr 04 (grudzień 2005): 437–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843605000624.
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This paper addresses a construction method of a system that realizes whole body reaching motion of humanoids. Humanoids have many redundant degrees of freedom for reaching, and even the base can be moved by making the robot step. Therefore, there are infinite final posture solutions for a final goal position of reaching, and there are also infinite solutions for reaching trajectories that realize a final reaching posture. It is, however, difficult to find an appropriate solution because of the constraint of dynamic balance, and relatively narrow movable range for each joint. We prepared basic postures heuristically, and a final reaching posture is generated by modifying one of them. Heuristics, such as the fact that kneeling down is suitable for reaching near the ground, can be implemented easily by using this method. Methods that compose the reaching system, that is, basic posture selection, modification of postures for generating final reaching postures, balance compensation, footstep planning to realize desired feet position, and generation and execution of whole body motion to final reaching postures are described. Reaching to manually set positions and picking up a bat at various postures using visual information are shown as experiments to show the performance of the system.
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Pangestu, R. Gusti Haryo Budi, Made Hendra Satria Nugraha i Putu Ayu Sita Saraswati. "Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Forward Head Posture". Jurnal Fisioterapi dan Rehabilitasi 5, nr 2 (26.07.2021): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33660/jfrwhs.v5i2.140.
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Forward head posture adalah salah satu kelainan postur dimana kepala mengarah ke depan pada bidang sagital menjauhi dari garis vertikal bahu, ini dapat ditandai dengan tidak segarisnya kepala dengan bahu. Forward head posture sangat memengaruhi kehidupan manusia dimana dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan nyeri leher kronis, gangguan ketegangan otot dan berpengaruh juga pada keseimbangan. Oleh karena itu identifikasi lebih lanjut terkait faktor dari forward head posture diperlukan untuk mengurangi angka kejadian di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko dari terjadinya forward head posture. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan menggunakan data dari jurnal-jurnal ilmiah yang didapat dari berbagai database jurnal ilmiah yang ada di internet. Jurnal ilmiah yang ditinjau adalah jurnal yang membahas topik tentang forward head posture, seperti definisi, faktor-faktor risiko dan prevalensi pada populasi. Berdasarkan hasil telaah jurnal didapatkan hasil bahwa forward head posture dapat terjadi apabila seseorang melakukan pekerjaan dengan postur atau sikap yang salah yaitu menekuk leher dan mencondongkan leher ke depan saat bekerja dan berulang kali dalam jangka waktu yang lama, dengan rerata durasi pekerjaan lebih dari 1 – 2,8 jam per hari. Jenis pekerjaan yang banyak menimbulkan forward head posture adalah penggunaan gawai, bekerja di depan komputer, membawa tas yang berat, dan pengoperasian mesin jahit.
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Kim, Ka Young. "The Association between Working Posture and Workers’ Depression". Healthcare 10, nr 3 (3.03.2022): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10030477.
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Various studies have focused on the association between physical health and working posture. However, little research has been conducted on the association between working posture and mental health, despite the importance of workers’ mental health. This study aimed to examine the association between working posture and workers’ depression. A total of 49,877 workers were analyzed using data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey. We utilized multiple logistic regression to analyze the variables associated with workers’ depression. This study showed that several working postures, such as tiring or painful positions, lifting or moving people, standing, and sitting, were associated with depression in workers. Furthermore, occupation types, job satisfaction, and physical health problems related to back pain and pain in upper (neck, shoulder, and arm) and lower (hip, leg, knee, and foot) body parts were associated with workers’ depression. Therefore, this study demonstrated that working posture is associated with workers’ depression. In particular, working postures causing musculoskeletal pain, improper working postures maintained for a long time, and occupation types were associated with workers’ depression. Our findings demonstrate the need for appropriate management and interventions for addressing pain-inducing or improper working postures in the workplace.
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Khadijah, Siti, i Adnan Faris Naufal. "Hubungan Cerebral Palsy Spastik dengan Flexion Posture". FISIO MU: Physiotherapy Evidences 1, nr 2 (14.07.2020): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/fisiomu.v1i2.10019.
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Latar Belakang: Reflek primitif berpengaruh terhadap voluntary movement dan postural. Tipe postural pada anak CP dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu tipe fleksi (flexion posture) dan ekstensi (extension posture). Adanya hipereksitasi saraf pada bagian kelompok otot fleksor menyebabkan postur CP spastik ke arah fleksi (flexion posture).Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui hubungan CP spastik dengan flexion posture. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan cross-sectional study yang dilakukan satu kali pada satu waktu dan tidak ada follow up. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 26 anak CP yang dilaksanakan di PNTC Tohudan, YPAC Surakarta, dan Klinik Intan Fisioterapi Anak Ngemplak. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil dari penelitian ini setelah diuji statistika diperoleh adanya hubungan CP spastik dengan flexion posture dengan nilai p=0.005 (p0.05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara klasifikasi CP spastik dengan flexion posture. Kata kunci: Cerebral palsy, Reflek primitif, Flexion posture
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Tam, Andy Yiu-Chau, Bryan Pak-Hei So, Tim Tin-Chun Chan, Alyssa Ka-Yan Cheung, Duo Wai-Chi Wong i James Chung-Wai Cheung. "A Blanket Accommodative Sleep Posture Classification System Using an Infrared Depth Camera: A Deep Learning Approach with Synthetic Augmentation of Blanket Conditions". Sensors 21, nr 16 (18.08.2021): 5553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165553.
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Surveillance of sleeping posture is essential for bed-ridden patients or individuals at-risk of falling out of bed. Existing sleep posture monitoring and classification systems may not be able to accommodate the covering of a blanket, which represents a barrier to conducting pragmatic studies. The objective of this study was to develop an unobtrusive sleep posture classification that could accommodate the use of a blanket. The system uses an infrared depth camera for data acquisition and a convolutional neural network to classify sleeping postures. We recruited 66 participants (40 men and 26 women) to perform seven major sleeping postures (supine, prone (head left and right), log (left and right) and fetal (left and right)) under four blanket conditions (thick, medium, thin, and no blanket). Data augmentation was conducted by affine transformation and data fusion, generating additional blanket conditions with the original dataset. Coarse-grained (four-posture) and fine-grained (seven-posture) classifiers were trained using two fully connected network layers. For the coarse classification, the log and fetal postures were merged into a side-lying class and the prone class (head left and right) was pooled. The results show a drop of overall F1-score by 8.2% when switching to the fine-grained classifier. In addition, compared to no blanket, a thick blanket reduced the overall F1-scores by 3.5% and 8.9% for the coarse- and fine-grained classifiers, respectively; meanwhile, the lowest performance was seen in classifying the log (right) posture under a thick blanket, with an F1-score of 72.0%. In conclusion, we developed a system that can classify seven types of common sleeping postures under blankets and achieved an F1-score of 88.9%.