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1
Komlos, John, i Sergey Nefedov. "A Compact Macromodel of Pre-Industrial Population Growth". Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History 35, nr 2 (styczeń 2002): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01615440209604133.
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Komlos, John. "Nutrition, Population Growth, and the Industrial Revolution in England". Social Science History 14, nr 1 (1990): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1171364.
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Komlos, John. "Nutrition, Population Growth, and the Industrial Revolution in England". Social Science History 14, nr 1 (1990): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200020654.
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This study proposes a conceptualization of the industrial revolution in England in terms of the interaction of demographic and economic processes linked by the nutritional status of the population. By the eighteenth century the English economy had reached an important conjuncture. It had a larger accumulation of capital, and a larger urban sector capable of expanding commerce and production, than ever before. In addition, the population was well nourished by preindustrial standards and was about to benefit from the propitious harvest conditions of the 1730s and to procreate at a rate unsurpassed within recent memory (Wrigley and Schofield 1981). Population growth accelerated and had a market-expanding effect in a Boserupian fashion, triggering the industrial revolution; the roots of this transformation, however, extended back into the Middle Ages (Jones 1981; Boserup 1981). Thus the factors that have been regarded as crucial in unleashing the industrial revolution, such as the rise in the rate of saving, are less important within the framework presented here than the acceleration in the growth of a well-nourished population in a relatively developed economy.
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Mays, S., M. Brickley i R. Ives. "Growth in an English population from the Industrial Revolution". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 136, nr 1 (maj 2008): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20780.
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Arcos, Joseph C. "Population growth, economic necessity and industrial growth versus environmental impact and carrying capacity∗". Environmental Carcinogenesis Reviews 8, nr 2 (styczeń 1990): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10590509009373397.
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Stutz, Aaron Jonas. "Modeling the Pre-Industrial Roots of Modern Super-Exponential Population Growth". PLoS ONE 9, nr 8 (20.08.2014): e105291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105291.
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Nani, Dr Ibrahim Othman, i Dr Khaled Omer Basulaim. "Restructuring The Higher Education In Light Of Population And Industrial Growth". مجلة المؤتمرات والندوات العلمية جامعة الملكة أروى 1, nr 1 (1.06.2006): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.58963/qaujscs.v1i1.20.
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As we are crossing to the 21st century, the role of higher education is becoming more complex and the coming up of more sophisticate technology in different spheres of life, keep a facing challenge to the higher education policy makers where training of graduates to respond to social changes and to the rapid development of knowledge and skills.
This means that universities must be constantly prepared to review their teaching structures and curricula, since crisis becomes more acute when the need for change coincides with rigid academic organizations and educational traditions that ascribe more importance to form than to cognitive content.
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Xu, Bowen, i Yang Lu. "An Empirical Study of the Relationship among Population Mobility, Industrial Structure Upgrading, and Economic Growth – Based on the SPVAR Model". Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 4, nr 4 (27.08.2021): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/pbes.v4i4.2344.
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Based on the inter-provincial panel data for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019, and incorporating geospatial factors, a spatial panel vector autoregressive (SPVAR) model consisting of population mobility, industrial structure upgrading, and economic growth is constructed. The space-time impulse response function is used to analyze the space-time conduction of exogenous variables on the impact of three endogenous variables. The study found that first, the population influx barely benefited the industrial structure upgrading and economic growth. Second, the upgrading of the industrial structure would aggravate the population mobility in the province, causing low-level laborers to leave the province in short-term, but in long-term, there would be influx of talents. Third, the economic growth in developed regions plays a significant role in promoting the industrial development of their province and population-rich provinces, but it has less impact on provinces with high-level industrial structure. Finally, policy recommendations are provided in regard to the benign interaction among population mobility, industrial structure upgrading, and economic growth in addition to clarifying the idea of economic development, implementing correct population policies, and promoting the coordinated regional development.
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Hua, Jingfen, Junli Gao, Ke Chen i Jiaqi Li. "Driving Effect of Decoupling Provincial Industrial Economic Growth and Industrial Carbon Emissions in China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, nr 1 (22.12.2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010145.
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China is facing the dual challenges of fostering economic growth and mounting an effective response to climate change, so it is vital to continue promoting industrial carbon emission reduction. This paper uses panel data from 1998 to 2019 to measure the industrial carbon emissions of 30 provinces in China. The Tapio decoupling and IPAT (Impact = Population × Affluence × Technology)-based decoupling models are used to analyze each province’s velocity and quantity decoupling index for industrial carbon emissions. The fixed effect model analyzes the influencing factors for carbon decoupling. The results show that the industrial carbon emissions of various provinces in China are increasing yearly, but there are significant differences among provinces. The carbon decoupling of the industrial economy in most provinces is weak, and the quantitative decoupling index is better than the velocity decoupling index. The cleanliness of energy, balance, and labor productivity significantly affect the velocity decoupling index. The cleanliness of energy, the industry’s structure, and the population significantly affect the quantity decoupling index. Based on empirical results, the study puts forward some policies to promote the efficient carbon decoupling of the industrial economy.
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Liu, Yue, Liming Chen, Liangting Lv i Pierre Failler. "The impact of population aging on economic growth: a case study on China". AIMS Mathematics 8, nr 5 (2023): 10468–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023531.
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<abstract> <p>The impact of population aging on economic growth is a very important issue in the process of population structure change. This paper first proposes research hypotheses based on a systematic literature review and theoretical analysis of the negative and positive effects of population aging on economic growth. Then, based on the data of 30 provinces in the Chinese Mainland from 2000 to 2019, this paper empirically tests the impact of population aging on economic growth and its impact mechanism using a static panel data model, a dynamic panel data model and a mediating effect model. Our empirical analysis leads to the following conclusions. First, population aging has a significant inhibitory effect on economic growth. Second, the industrial structure upgrading plays a mediating role in the process of population aging affecting economic growth; that is, population aging inhibits economic growth by affecting the overall upgrading of the industrial structure as well as the industrial rationalization and optimization. Last, some policy implications are proposed based on the research conclusions.</p> </abstract>
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Luo, Yi Hong, i Shu Guang Zhang. "Resource Allocation Optimization Problem on the Population Growth Model". Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (luty 2013): 1507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1507.
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In this paper we mainly investigated the resource allocation optimization problem in three population models: death process, PDE model and birth and density-independent growth model. Considering the influence on population growth from different factors, find the best proportion of population to obtain the biggest economic benefit. Furthermore, we consider the effect on resource allocation from one more industrial structure on density-independent growth model. Finally, we compared the above models.
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Kvashnina, I. "The effect of post-industrial socioeconomic processes on the population growth rate". Obshchestvo i ekonomika, nr 9 (wrzesień 2019): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020736760006417-7.
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Kosarikov, A. "The effect of post-industrial socioeconomic processes on the population growth rate". Obshchestvo i ekonomika, nr 9 (wrzesień 2019): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020736760006419-9.
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Cudemos, E., A. Izquier, M. S. Medina-Martínez i V. M. Gómez-López. "Effects of shading and growth phase on the microbial inactivation by pulsed light". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 31, No. 2 (18.04.2013): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/145/2012-cjfs.
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Pulsed light is an emerging technology that kills microorganisms using pulses of an intense broad-spectrum light. This work aimed to determine the effect of population density and microbial growth phase on its microbicidal efficacy. To this, Pseudomonas fluorescens cultures were grown, diluted to different population densities, flashed, plated, incubated, and enumerated, Also, cultures of P. fluorescens, Bacillus cereus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were taken at different growth phases, diluted to the same population density, flashed, plated, incubated, and enumerated. Microbial inactivation was lower at high densities, probably as the consequence of the shading effect, and higher at the exponential phase. This study sets the background information useful for scientists and industrial implementation. The population density and growth phase must be taken into account in the planning experiments and comparing the literature. On the industrial scale, heavily contaminated solids are not suitable for pulsed light (PL) treatment; while liquids should receive several PL flashes under the flow conditions that assure that all microorganisms receive a PL treatment, that should be also designed in function of the growth phase of the microbial contaminant.
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Androsov, S., i Yu Kostrova. "Factors of labor productivity growth in the agro-industrial complex". Normirovanie i oplata truda v sel'skom hozyajstve (Rationing and remuneration of labor in agriculture), nr 2 (1.02.2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-06-2002-01.
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At the present stage, increasing labor productivity is a necessary condition for the effective development of both an individual enterprise and society as a whole, which is due to the reduction in the number of economically active population due to demographic changes [1]. This problem is particularly acute in the agricultural sector, as the population in rural areas is declining at a higher rate than in urban areas, and the need for high-quality food products is increasing. In this regard, the study of factors and directions of increasing labor productivity in agro-industrial production does not lose its relevance and requires additional study.
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Hemmer, Hans-Rimbert. "A Successful Population Policy: Potentials and Constraints (Distinguishedl Lecture)". Pakistan Development Review 32, nr 4I (1.12.1993): 411–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v32i4ipp.411-431.
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The current rapid population growth in many developing countries is the result of an historical process in the course of which mortality rates have fallen significantly but birthrates have remained constant or fallen only slightly. Whereas, in industrial countries, the drop in mortality rates, triggered by improvements in nutrition and progress in medicine and hygiene, was a reaction to economic development, which ensured that despite the concomitant growth in population no economic difficulties arose (the gross national product (GNP) grew faster than the population so that per capita income (PCI) continued to rise), the drop in mortality rates to be observed in developing countries over the last 60 years has been the result of exogenous influences: to a large degree the developing countries have imported the advances made in industrial countries in the fields of medicine and hygiene. Thus, the drop in mortality rates has not been the product of economic development; rather, it has occurred in isolation from it, thereby leading to a rise in population unaccompanied by economic growth. Growth in GNP has not kept pace with population growth: as a result, per capita income in many developing countries has stagnated or fallen. Mortality rates in developing countries are still higher than those in industrial countries, but the gap is closing appreciably. Ultimately, this gap is not due to differences in medical or hygienic know-how but to economic bottlenecks (e.g. malnutrition, access to health services)
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Kurniawan, Angga, Cicih Ratnasih i Meirinaldi. "The Absorption Employment of Industrial Sector Workers and Influencing Factors". International Journal of Scientific and Management Research 05, nr 08 (2022): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2022.5801.
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The title of this paper is the absorption of industrial labor and the factors that influence it. The variable used Education Level, Foreign direct investment, Population Growth and Wages as independent variables and Industrial Labor as dependent variables. The purpose of the study is to see the macroeconomic growth that a decade has been able to reduce the unemployment rate and increase employment in Indonesia. There are two million Indonesians who enter the world of work every year, this is a labor market that can stimulate the creation of new jobs and absorption the workforce that continues to grow every year in the industrial sector. Research results the level of education, population growth and wages are significant to the absorption of industrial labor, while FDI is not significant. The level of education needs attention considering that the young unemployment of most of those who have just graduated from college is one of the main concerns and needs rapid action, while the population growth rate makes a value of output and input, in contrast to wages as a community income, if there is an increase in the value of wages then the quality labor absorbed will increase. The absorption of industrial labor is influenced by the 3 (three) variables mentioned above, therefore these three variables become important and need special attention are the level of education, population growth, and wages.
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Lee, Tzai-Chiao, Muhammad Khalid Anser, Abdelmohsen A. Nassani, Mohamed Haffar, Khalid Zaman i Muhammad Moinuddin Qazi Abro. "Managing Natural Resources through Sustainable Environmental Actions: A Cross-Sectional Study of 138 Countries". Sustainability 13, nr 22 (11.11.2021): 12475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212475.
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Management of natural resources is pivotal for sustained economic growth—the increasing ecological footprints causing biocapacity deficit threaten the resource conversation agenda. The study identified the potential causes and consequences of natural resource depletion in a broad cross-section of 138 countries. Ecological footprints, international migrant stocks, industrial value-added, and population growth influenced natural resource capital across countries. The results show that ecological footprints, industrial value-added, and population growth are the detrimental factors of resource capital. In contrast, continued economic growth is helpful to conserve natural resources for future generations. The rise and fall in the natural resource degradation are evident in the wake of international migrants’ stocks to support an inverted U-shaped relationship between them. The Granger causality inferences confirmed the one-way linkages, running from international migrant stocks, economic growth, and population growth to natural resource degradation. It verifies migrants-led, affluence-led, and population-led resource degradation. Ecological footprints Granger causes industrial value-added across countries. The forecasting estimates suggested that economic growth would likely to influenced greater in magnitude to resource degradation by its innovation shocks of 4.791%, followed by international migrant stocks, population growth, ecological footprints, and industrial value added by their innovation shocks of 4.709%, 1.829%, 1.247%, and 0.700%, respectively. The study concludes that international migrant stocks should manage smartly, causing more resource degradation via a channel of increasing biocapacity deficit across countries.
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Kozar, S. F., i T. O. Usmanova. "REGULATION OF GROWTH ACTIVITY OF POPULATION OF INDUSTRIAL BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM STRAINS IN VITRO". Agriciltural microbiology 7 (23.10.2008): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.7.36-47.
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The results of researches on optimization of soya rhizobium cultivation process through choosing optimum environments are shown in the article. It also represents growth activity of Bradyrhizobium japonicum population influenced by products of symbiotic and associative diazotroph metabolism in vitro. The highest growth activity of these microorganisms is shown when their cultivation in the medium with sterile bacterial suspensions with exo- and endo- metabolites of Azospirillum brasilense.
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Bordiean, Anna, Michał Krzyżaniak, Mariusz J. Stolarski i Dumitru Peni. "Growth Potential of Yellow Mealworm Reared on Industrial Residues". Agriculture 10, nr 12 (3.12.2020): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10120599.
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Since the world’s population will continue to grow in the next decades, the problem of providing people with food will deepen. One-third of the food production volume is wasted while nearly one in ten people in the world suffer from hunger. To reduce the negative impact of human activity on the environment and meet the needs of the population, alternative sources of protein are proposed. Yellow mealworm larvae can be used as a source of food and animal feed. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the growth performance, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and efficiency of ingested feed (ECI) by yellow mealworm larvae fed 13 different diets containing chicken feed (CF), rapeseed meal (RM), wheat bran (WB) and willowleaf sunflower (WS) residues after the process of supercritical CO2 extraction. The mean dry individual bodyweight for all diets used in the experiment was 31.44 mg dry matter (d.m.) Mealworms fed diet mixes that contained WB demonstrated the highest dry individual larval weight (from 40.9 to 47.9 mg d.m.). A significantly lower dry individual larval weight was found for mealworms fed solely WS residues (3.9 mg d.m.). The FCR ranged from 1.57 to 2.08, for pure CF and pure WS diet, respectively. The ECI of yellow mealworm larvae varied significantly (mean value 20.1%) and depended on the diet. Moreover, the ECI of mealworm was significantly the lowest and amounted to 5.9% for the pure WS diet. The industrial residues investigated in this study can be successfully used for mealworm farming, excluding pure willowleaf sunflower residues.
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GHOSH, MINI. "INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION AND ASTHMA: A MATHEMATICAL MODEL". Journal of Biological Systems 08, nr 04 (grudzień 2000): 347–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339000000225.
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In this paper, some nonlinear mathematical models are proposed and analyzed to study the spread of asthma due to inhaled pollutants from Industry. The following two types of demographics are considered here; (i) population with constant immigration, (ii) population with logistic growth. In each type of demography, the following three cases have been considered regarding the release of pollutant into the environment; (i) when emission of the pollutant into the environment is constant, (ii) when emission of the pollutant is population dependent, and (iii) when emission of the pollutant is periodic. Using stability theory of differential equations and computer simulation, it is shown that due to an increase in the air pollutant, the asthmatic (diseased) population increases in the region under consideration.
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Su, Deguo, Beibei Tan, Anbing Zhang i Yikai Hou. "Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Power Demand in Beijing Based on the LMDI Model". Sustainability 15, nr 10 (11.05.2023): 7913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15107913.
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Since the reform and opening-up, under the new economic situation and policy, the rapid growth of power demand in Beijing is threatening the sustainable development of China’s economy and environment. To recognize the driving factors of electricity consumption growth and offer policy implications, based on the data of electricity consumption, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the resident population in Beijing from 1990 to 2021, this research used the Kaya-equation and logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) model to decompose the growth of power demand in Beijing into the quantitative contribution of each driving factor from the perspective of industrial electricity consumption and residential electricity consumption. The results of the decomposition analysis show that, as far as industrial electricity consumption is concerned, the contribution rates of economic growth, electricity consumption intensity and output value structure to industrial electricity growth are 234.26%, −109.01% and −25.25%, respectively, which shows that economic growth is the primary driving force promoting the growth of industrial electricity demand. Power consumption intensity is the main reason for restraining the growth of industrial power demand, the growth rate is sliding and the contribution of the industrial structure is relatively small; as far as residential power consumption is concerned, the contribution rates of per capita power consumption and population size to residential power growth are 68.13% and 31.87%, respectively, which indicates that per capita power consumption is the main factor promoting the growth of residential power demand, followed by the total population. The study results show that the consumption of electric power would increase if Beijing’s economy and urbanization keep developing, and optimizing the industry structure, improving the efficiency of electric energy utilization and adopting clean power energy are the main approaches to making Beijing’s consumption of electric power decrease.
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Juliansyah, Rollis. "The Influence of Economic Growth, Population, and Industrial Sectors on Environmental Degradation in Indonesia". SRIWIJAYA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 3, nr 1 (14.05.2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/sijdeb.v3i1.93-106.
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Growth of the ekononomi is the main problem of many developing countries (developing country) such as ikhwalnya Indonesia itself, grasp with economic development as his instrument. It is in the form of environmental degradation that occurs as a byproduct that is not likely to attain many market participants even the Government though. On this simple research will be described in simple and concrete, where we restrict this research on variable environmental degradation in the form of proxy data CO2 emissions in Indonesia, economic growth, population, and industrial sectors. Whenever it is found to be the result of linear regression method with the pengestimasiannya double didapi the result that environmental degradation occurs which dipengaruh by population growth and economic growth, each effect is positive and significant. However, the industrial sector showed a negative influence and significantly to degradation of the environment itself.
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Faltsman, Vladimir. "Issues of balancing economic growth and the state of the environment". Economics and the Mathematical Methods 59, nr 2 (2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s042473880025863-8.
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This paper addresses the core problem of economic growth — the question of the criteria that should be met in order to both satisfy the needs of a growing population and assure preservation of natural environment for future generations. It contains a comparative analysis of classic theory of maximal economic growth with zero-growth theory. A compromise concept of balanced economic growth is presented. In the paper, an unobvious form an industrial function of balanced growth is hinted at, within which maximum allowed (limited) economic growth shouldn’t induce irreparable damage on environment while minimum of the growth assumes increasing of population wellbeing. Among traditional arguments of the industrial function a factor of investments into environmental protection has been introduced. Balance between two competing requirements to economic growth—improvement of population wellbeing accompanied by simultaneous conservation of limited environmental resources —may be achieved, in addition to the use of resource-efficient technologies, through family planning and monitoring of population growth. Condition of balanced growth is convergence of demographic and technological levels of developing and developed countries. Being dangerously close to the limits of anthropogenic pressure on our environment, the international community should assist developing countries’ transition to the demographic trends of the developed world. At the initial stage, acceleration of this process may require negotiations of an international compact among states regarding population growth. Subsequently, fertility patterns and population growth may return to self-regulation. Drivers for this process will be the Index of Human Development, indicators of gender parity, per capita GNP, and educational levels of populations in the countries with high birth rates. Efficient international aid to poor countries should contribute to this process. Comparative advantages and prosperity as a result of moderate population growth have been proven by the historic records of developed countries. These trends can be applied in other countries if they limit birth rates and population growth. It appears that improvements of population-wide quality of life can be achieved not only by promotion of scientific and technological progress, but also by means of demographic revolution, which is the most harmless among all of social revolutions.
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Rodionova, Lyudmila Vasilievna. "DEMOGRAPHIC LIMITATIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL REGIONS". Economics Profession Business, nr 1 (6.03.2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/epb201964.
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The article discusses the features of the demographic development of agro-industrial regions in 1997-2018 against the background of Russia. Their intra-group differences were identified and measured, the relationship between the population and the economy, between demographic growth and socio-economic is described. The risks of population decline for sustainable development of agro-industrial regions are identified. Based on the analysis of demographic and socio-economic statistics, it is shown that depopulation processes in the agro-industrial regions are less intensive compared to the average Russian region, and in some of them population growth was observed. In terms of population, these regions are characterized by significant intra-group differentiation, which decreases over time. There is a positive statistically significant relationship between the demographic and socioeconomic potential of the agro-industrial regions, and negative between the dynamics of the population and the dynamics of the gross regional product, as well as the number and real incomes. It is concluded that population reduction can lead to depopulation of large territories and loss of social control over them, a shortage of labor resources and limited economic growth, and a reduction in the resource base for the development of the social sphere and demographic reproduction.
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Zheng, Zeyuan. "How Migration in China Effect Pollutes Guangdong Province’s Marine Environment". Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 6 (31.12.2022): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v6i.4428.
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At present, population migration is a common phenomenon. People will choose to migrate for various reasons, such as economic depression or future life arrangements, which will promote people to migrate. While migration brings about demographic changes, it also brings about economic changes due to population growth or reduction. Economic growth will be accompanied by industrial upgrading, such as upgrading from agriculture to industry, which can help the region develop and progress rapidly. However, population growth and industrial upgrading will bring negative changes to the community, such as ecological pollution. It is meaningful to understand the pollution problems caused by human migration. Based on the data provided by China National Bureau of Statistics and China Environmental Monitoring Station, this paper analyzes the impact of population migration on regional environment. Taking Guangdong Province as an example, this paper studies the impact of economic growth caused by population migration on the marine environment.
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Obodoechi, Divine Ndubuisi, i Charles Uchenna Onuoha. "The Validity of Okun’s Law: An Empirical Evidence for Nigeria". American International Journal of Social Science Research 4, nr 2 (11.08.2019): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/aijssr.v4i2.376.
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This paper empirically investigates the relationship between economic growth and unemployment in Nigeria under the Okun’s Law framework. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag model approach, the ARDL Bounds Test and Cointegration Test were employed in this paper. Economic Growth was also regressed on unemployment, log of industrial output, log of net foreign assets, log of foreign direct investment and population growth so as to know the impact of these variables on output. The research findings indicated that high the Okun’s specification does not hold in the Nigeria, the impact of economic growth on unemployment is negative and insignificant. We did however find that there is a positive impact of unemployment on economic growth, meaning that the phenomena of jobless growth may be in play in the economy. The Johansen Co-integration test failed to establish evidence of long run relationship between GDP, industrial output, unemployment, foreign direct investment net foreign assets and population growth. The ECM could not be employed because the variables were integrated of different orders. It was however found there exist a significant positive relationship between the aforementioned variables and GDP except for population growth. The government should consider the Industrial Sector as a priority sector in a bid for better economic growth and development. Population control measures should also be put in play to ensure that the population does not exceed the economic carrying capacity. The government should also play an important role in abating unemployment in the economy using direct and indirect schemes and strategies.
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Balazik, Matthew T., Greg C. Garman, Michael L. Fine, Christian H. Hager i Stephen P. McIninch. "Changes in age composition and growth characteristics of Atlantic sturgeon ( Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus ) over 400 years". Biology Letters 6, nr 5 (17.03.2010): 708–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0144.
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Populations of sturgeon (Acipenseridae) have experienced global declines, and in some cases extirpation, during the past century. In the current era of climate change and over-harvesting of fishery resources, climate models, based on uncertain boundary conditions, are being used to predict future effects on the Earth's biota. A collection of approximately 400-year-old Atlantic sturgeon spines from a midden in colonial Jamestown, VA, USA, allowed us to compare the age structure and growth rate for a pre-industrial population during a ‘mini-ice age’ with samples collected from the modern population in the same reach of the James River. Compared with modern fish, the colonial population was characterized by larger and older individuals and exhibited significantly slower growth rates, which were comparable with modern populations at higher latitudes of North America. These results may relate to higher population densities and/or colder water temperatures during colonial times.
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Haq, R. U., A. Rehman i A. R. Shakoori. "Effect of dichromate on population and growth of various protozoa isolated from industrial effluents". Folia Microbiologica 45, nr 3 (czerwiec 2000): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02908959.
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Borisov, V. N., i O. V. Pochukaevа. "Green Growth of Industrial Regions of Russia Factors and Results". Vestnik NSUEM, nr 2 (6.07.2020): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2020-2-010-024.
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An approach to the study of the economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation is proposed, in which economic development is considered as economic growth, accompanied by the growth of national wealth and the formation on this basis of conditions for maintaining the environment and improving the quality of life of the population. The interaction of investment and innovation-technological factors and their influence on the formation of conditions for economic development are assessed. The study was conducted on the example of regions of the Russian Federation with developed manufacturing industries, which form half of the gross value added of the Russian Federation.
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Artemenkov, Aleksey A. "Disadaptive genetic-evolutionary processes in human populations of industrial cities". I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 28, nr 2 (3.07.2020): 234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj2020282234-248.
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Aim. Generalization of literature and proprietary data on genetic-physiological and evolutionary processes occurring in human populations in environmentally neglected industrial cities.
In the review information is given about damage to the genetic apparatus of cells of a human organism under influence of unfavorable environmental factors and disadaptations of different genesis. To denote the totality of alterations induced by the given exposure, a new term is introduced genetics of disadaptations. The information of mutagenic factors of the environment of industrial cities associated with growth of oncological diseases and of malformations resulting from chromosomal aberrations in cells is generalized. The problem of genetic burden of human populations in environmentally neglected territories and of the influence of disadaptive factors on this process is discussed. Information of the ecological situation and morbidity of the population in Cherepovets industrial city is given. A role of disadaptations in genetic-evolutionary processes occurring in human populations is shown. The cause of different manifestations of disadaptation in the population is stated to be divergence of traits. A hypothesis is proposed and evidences are given in favor of the existence of natural selection for a disadaptive trait in human populations. It is suggested that being accumulated in a human organism, disadaptive disorders may be transmitted to the next generations reducing vital ability of organisms and inducing different diseases.
Conclusion. Within the topic, examples of different prophylactic measures for improving the health of the population of industrial cities are given to prevent unfavorable alterations of human genome under the influence of unfavorable ecological and related disadaptive factors.
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Tinambunan, Junedi, Marini Wijayanti i Dade Jubaedah. "PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI Spirulina platensis DALAM MEDIA LIMBAH CAIR BAHAN OLAHAN KECAP DAN MEDIA ZARROUK". Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia 5, nr 2 (12.12.2018): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jari.v5i2.7144.
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ABSTRACTThe aims of this research were to study the influence of mixed industrial soy sauce liquid waste and Zarrouk medium mixture on population density and specific growth rate of Spirulina platensis on a short periode. This study has been conducted from March to April 2017 in the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Aquaculture study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya. This research was arranged according to completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatment levels and 3 replications. The treatment levels consisted of P1 (0 % industrial soy sauce liquid waste + 100 % Zarrouk medium), P2 (25 % industrial soy sauce liquid waste + 75 % Zarrouk medium), P3 (50 % industrial soy sauce liquid waste + 50 % Zarrouk medium), P4 (75 % industrial soy sauce liquid waste + 25 % Zarrouk medium), P5 (100 % industrial soy sauce liquid waste + 0 % Zarrouk medium). The parameters observed during the study were population density and the maximum specific growth rate. The result of this study showed that the treatment P2 gave the best in maximum density (60.6 g.L-1 ) and specific growth rate (14.66%. day-1). Keywords: Spirulina platensis, the liquid waste ketchup, Zarrouk media.
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Fathimal, Jony. "A Comparative Analysis On The Distribution Of Population Among The Districts Of Tamilnadu & The Concentration Of Industrial Growth". International Review of Business and Economics 4, nr 2 (2020): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.59.
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In this paper, I have made an attempt to study the density of population in various districts of Tamil Nadu and the problem arises in highly dense areas. It also analyse the spread of Industrial expansion among the various districts with the migration of population from rural to urban areas. In this study, I try to examine the relationship between the industrial growth and the density of population in the state. Among the highly populated cities, Chennai is the topmost with the population of 26,000 persons per sq. km. compared with the second highest dense population which is accounted of 1,119 persons per sq.km in Kanyakumari District. With this information alone we can identify the uneven distribution of population in Tamil Nadu among the districts. Most of the problems faced by the society as well as government are caused due to the excess population growth rate which is beyond the capacity of the urban areas. Correlation analysis is used to study the relationship between the density of population and the industrial development. This paper also analyses the causes of migration of population from rural to urban areas and suggest some of the measures to resolve and overcome the problem of the high density of population.
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Mardiana, Mardiana, Dahlan Tampubolon i Irina Safitri Zen. "Environmental carrying capacity assessment of industrial growth center region". E3S Web of Conferences 373 (2023): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337304018.
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Sustainable economic development, especially the industrial sector, is an important agenda in improving the welfare of the population. The problem that arises is that land use for industry is dominant compared to considerations of the carrying capacity. This study aims to analyze the carrying capacity of the environment, especially land and water in the industrial growth center region (WPPI) South Riau. This study will quantify the potential of WPPI and its impact on the environment using the ECC approach. Data analysis was carried out using quantitative and descriptive analysis methods. Quantitative method is used to analyze the carrying capacity of the environment and descriptive method is used to analyze the recommendations resulting from the calculation of the carrying capacity of the environment. The land for the development of industrial areas is mainly peat domes and marine. The status of the carrying capacity of the land experienced a deficit, namely the regencies of Indragiri Hilir, Indragiri Hulu and Kuantan Singingi. The need for raw water/clean water in industrial growth centers reaches 3,758 liters/second. The land carrying capacity in the study area is dominantly low and the water carrying capacity is very low.
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Hamdani, Bagas Yuda, Seno Sumowo i Haris Hermawan. "PENGARUH MARKETING MIX TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA KRIPIK SINGKONG RIDHO-SUSI SILO JEMBER". Growth 20, nr 2 (30.11.2022): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/growth-journal.v20i2.1959.
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The development of industrial business in Indonesia is currently growing very rapidly. This can be seen by the number of industries that are competing to win the hearts of consumers, through improving product quality and others. This development also occurred because of market demand which began to soar after the pandemic. In running a business selling products in the form of goods or services, purchasing decisions are things that must really be considered because consumers are the main target in selling a product, one solution is to use the marketing mix or better known as the marketing mix. In the food and beverage sector, there are many kinds. Over time in the city of Jember, many food industry businesses have sprung up, one of which is the food chip industry, namely Ridho-Susi Silo Jember cassava chips. Where Ridho-Susi's cassava chips Silo Jember is one of the food industries that sells crispy snack products, which is currently experiencing a declining sales trend. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the product, price, promotion, location had a significant effect on purchasing decisions of cassava chips in Ridho-Susi Silo Jember. The population in this study were Ridho-Susi Silo Jember cassava chips consumers. The sample used was 80 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. The analysis tool uses multiple linear regression. The results showed that product, price, promotion, location had a significant partial and simultaneous effect on purchasing decisions for cassava chips in Ridho-Susi Silo Jember.
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Zhang, Wei, i Jin Suo Zhang. "Analysis of Impacting Factors of Regional Carbon Emissions Based on the STIRPAT Mode - A Case Study of Shaanxi Province". Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (czerwiec 2014): 1431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1431.
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Studying on the regional carbon emissions impacting factor and its effect will contribute greatly to formulation sound regional carbon emissions reduction policy. As a main province of energy development in the western of China, Shaanxi province is facing growing pressure to reduce carbon emissions. In this paper, carbon emissions impacting factors of Shaanxi were explored from aspects of population,economic growth, urbanization, industrial structure, technological progress and energy consumption structure by STIRPAT model and ridge regression method,then the contribution rate of impacting factors to carbon emissions increment were calculated. The results shows that population, economic growth, urbanization and energy consumption have positive impacting on the growth of carbon emissions in Shaanxi, among them, the economic growth is the decisive factor that pulling carbon emissions growth the economic growth. Industrial structure and technology progress had adverse effect on carbon emissions in Shaanxi, in comparison, the effect of optimizing of industrial structure to inhibit the carbon emissions in Shaanxi is greater than the effect of adjustment of energy consumption structure.
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Braun, Sebastian Till, i Richard Franke. "Railways, Growth, and Industrialization in a Developing German Economy, 1829–1910". Journal of Economic History 82, nr 4 (grudzień 2022): 1183–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050722000377.
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This paper studies the average and heterogeneous effects of railway access on parish-level population, income, and industrialization in Württemberg during the Industrial Revolution. We show that the growth-enhancing effect of the railway was much greater in parishes that were larger and more industrial at the outset. However, such early industrial parishes were rare in the relatively poor German state. This might explain why we find small average growth effects, which only increase at the end of the nineteenth century. Heterogeneity in the impact of the railway thus increased economic disparities within Württemberg and contributed to the state’s relatively sluggish growth.
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Tleuberdiyeva, S. S., A. B. Moldasheva, A. K. Alpysbayeva i L. V. Oleinik. "Economic mechanisms of agricultural production growth". Bulletin of "Turan" University, nr 2 (13.06.2021): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2021-1-2-114-120.
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The purpose of the article is to study the economic mechanisms of agricultural production growth within one country and, in particular, Kazakhstan. The growth of agricultural products in Kazakhstan and the provision of the country with food products are complex and relevant issues, which include the problems of production, the situation in the national agricultural markets, solvency and competitiveness, the annual volume of agricultural products, the increase in annual revenue, ensuring the availability of food products to consumers, laws in the regulation of the agricultural industry, etc. The potential of agriculture is correlated with the level of food security of the country. State regulation of the agro-industrial complex is aimed at ensuring food security, stability of agricultural products entering the market, creating favorable conditions for entrepreneurs, increasing the competitiveness of domestic products, as well as improving the standard of living of the population of the regions by creating favorable conditions for the development of crop production, animal husbandry, fisheries, processing of agricultural products and the food industry, veterinary-sanitary and phytosanitary security, it is aimed at providing technical equipment and other auxiliary areas of activity, social and infrastructure development on regional territory. The authors of the article emphasize that agriculture will become an important part of the agro-industrial complex. Agriculture is an industry aimed at providing the population with food and is a raw material necessary for the economic sphere. It occupies an important place not only in the agro-industrial complex, but also in the national economy of the whole country. Agriculture is the most important part of the material production industry. Agriculture provides the country with food and industry with some raw materials.
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Umer, Muhammad, Liu Ying, Babar Nawaz Abbasi i Muhammad Mudassar Riaz. "SLOW INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT GROWTHEVIDENCE-BASED ON KOHAT ROAD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE PESHAWAR-PAKISTAN". International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 2, nr 5 (23.10.2020): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v2i5.160.
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The past decade has seen slowdowns in measured labor productivity growth across a broad swath of developed economies. The industrial sector grew 5.02 per cent in the outgoing fiscal year as opposed to the growth rate of 5.8pc recorded a year ago, in Pakistan. The main objective of this research is to examinethe small industrial performance in Peshawar-Pakistan. KPK is the smallest province in terms of area, among the four provinces, and the third-largest in terms of population. This study is about the total units Kohat road 124 industrial estates and 71 are closed which has spawned many social evils such a phenomenal increase in smuggling, trade and macro-unemployed youths indulge in illegal commercial ventures. The results show that the contribution of small-scale industrial sector toward the socio-economic development of the province is not significant. Furthermore, the main reasons are inconvenient location (away from the seaport), non-availability of skilled labor, inconsistent government policies, the dearth of local capital, lack of infrastructure and comparatively poor law and order situation, due to Afghan War, and operation in tribal areas. Nonetheless, certain policy recommendations were suggested based on the finding.
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Fitri Wulandari, Elvi Zuriyani i Nila Afryansih. "Analisis Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Penduduk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Kabupaten Agam Tahun 2010 - 2021". Journal Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial 15, nr 1 (30.05.2023): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37304/jpips.v15i1.9456.
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This study aims to obtain data, process, and analyze the results of increasing the number of people with economic progress in Agam Regency in 2010 - 2020 can be seen from: 1) population growth in Agam Regency in 2010 - 2020. 2) Agam economic development in 2010 - 2020 3) the effect of population growth on economic progress in Agam Regency in 2010-2020. The type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative research which is a quantitative research in the form of a description with numbers or numeric. The sample in this study is total sampling where all data are taken from population growth and economic growth in Agam district. The results obtained from this study: 1) from the last 10 years there has been a fluctuation in the population growth of Agam Regency. 2) Agam Regency's economic growth has increased and decreased where the highest economic growth was in 2012 as much as 6.18% and the lowest was in 2020 with a figure of -1.38%. 3) the increase in population has a significant positive impact on economic growth in Agam Regency.
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Syaifulloh, Muhammad, Gita Ayu AN, Syamsurijal A. Kadir i Abdul Bashir. "Effect of Urbanization and Growth Rate Population of Expectations Life in Indonesia". AFEBI Economic and Finance Review 6, nr 2 (1.12.2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.47312/aefr.v6i2.415.
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<p>The driving factor for villagers to urbanize is the lack of jobs in their home areas. Agriculture is the main sector that is relied on by the population, meanwhile, the number of fertility is increasing, which results in unfulfilled needs. Poverty in the village is a driving factor for villagers to migrate. Population growth in an area occurs due to several population factors, including birth (fertility), death (mortality) and also population migration. Population growth is a dynamic balance between the forces that increase and those that reduce the number of people. More and more people are afflicted with a disease means that it will destroy vitality, productivity,</p>
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黃罄慧, 黃罄慧. "1999-2019年宜蘭縣人口成長和產業結構轉變與北宜高速公路之關聯". 國立彰化師範大學文學院學報 26, nr 26 (listopad 2022): 019–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230597612022110026002.
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<p>本文主要目的為探討1999-2019年間宜蘭縣人口、產業、地價之變化與2006年通車的北宜高速公路之關聯。採用政府部門統計資料，分析人口之自然增加、社會增加判斷20年間人口成長與空間分布的變化趨勢，並透過區位商數解釋產業結構的變遷，以及由都市地價的變動探討各鄉鎮市發展的消長狀況。 研究發現1999-2019年間宜蘭縣受到少子化、高齡化的影響使得人口自然增加率為負成長的趨勢；北宜高速公路通車減緩人口外移的趨勢帶來「時空收斂」的效果，宜蘭縣內部的人口分布也趨於分散符合了Friedmann「空間發展階段」中成熟階段所提及的平衡都市體系。產業結構雖沒有出現明顯的變化，但在行業別中以區位商數計算出「運輸、倉儲及通訊業」、「住宿及餐飲業」、「不動產業及租賃業」這三種行業在北宜高速公路通車後有明顯變動，尤其是「運輸、倉儲及通訊業」、「住宿及餐飲業」為穩定的發展，可以判斷對觀光相關產業有深遠影響。都市地價指數則呈現先下後上，依其變化趨勢劃分為三個階段：1998-2004年通車前黑暗期、2005-2013通車觀察期、2014-2019穩定成長期，但並非雨露均霑，其中以觀光業最發達的礁溪鄉成長最為顯著。</p> <p> </p><p>The main purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship between the changes in Yilan County’s population, industrial structure, and land prices and the Jiang Wei-shui Freeway from 1999 to 2019. This study uses the statistical data of government departments to analyze the natural increase and social increase of population, and to distinguish the changing trend of population growth and spatial distribution in the past 20 years. This study explains the changes in industrial structure through LQ(location quotient), and then discusses the change of land price in each township. The study found that from 1999 to 2019, negative trend of natural population growth rate in Yilan County was affected by the declining birthrate and aging population. Jiang Wei-shui Freeway slows down the trend of population outflow, and brings the effect of ""space-time convergence"". The population distribution within Yilan County also tends to disperse, in line with the balanced urban system mentioned in Friedmann’s ""Space Development Stage"" in the mature stage. There have been obvious changes in tertiary industry of ""transportation, storage and communications"", ""accommodation and food service activities"", and ""real estate and leasing activities"" calculated by LQ. Especially, ""transportation, storage and communications"", ""accommodation and food service activities"" have developed steadily, which can be determine to have a profound effect on tourism-related industries. The urban land price index showed first down then up. It can be divided into three stages: the dark period before the opening to traffic in 1998-2004, the observation period of opening to traffic in 2005-2013, and the stable growth period in 2014-2019. And it is not equally allocation in Yilan County, Jiaoxi Township which has the most developed tourism industry, has the most significant growth.</p> <p> </p>
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Chang, H., J. Franczyk, E. S. Im, W. T. Kwon, D. H. Bae i I. W. Jung. "Vulnerability of Korean water resources to climate change and population growth". Water Science and Technology 56, nr 4 (1.08.2007): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.536.
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Freshwater availability is affected by changes in climate and growth. We assessed the freshwater vulnerability for five major Korean river basins for 2015 and 2030. We used a regional climate model based on the IPCC SRES A2 scenario, US Geological Survey's Precipitation Rainfall Simulation Model, and population and industrial growth scenarios for impact assessment. The model simulation results suggest increasing spatial and temporal variations of water stress for the basins that are already developed. While freshwater is more vulnerable to growth scenarios than the climate change scenario, climate change alone could decrease mean annual runoff by 10% in four major river basins by 2030. As the first national assessment of climate change, we suggest possible adaptive water resource management and policy strategies for reducing climate related risks in Korea.
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Hanlon, W. Walker. "Coal Smoke, City Growth, and the Costs of the Industrial Revolution". Economic Journal 130, nr 626 (22.10.2019): 462–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ej/uez055.
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Abstract This article provides the first rigorous estimates of how industrial air pollution from coal burning affects long-run city growth. I introduce a new theoretically grounded strategy for estimating this relationship and apply it to data from highly polluted British cities from 1851 to 1911. I show that local industrial coal use substantially reduced long-run city employment and population growth. Moreover, a counterfactual analysis suggests that plausible improvements in coal-use efficiency would have led to a higher urbanisation rate in Britain by 1911. These findings contribute to our understanding of the effects of air pollution and the environmental costs of industrialisation.
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Rybakovsky, Oleg L., i Tamara A. Fadeeva. "Depopulation in the regions of Russia by the beginning of 2020". POPULATION 23, nr 3 (2020): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.3.11.
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The article summarizes the natural increase / decrease in the population of the regions and macroregions of the Russian Federation for 1992-2019. Depopulation is a steady natural population decline, it's characteristic of most European territories (countries or parts thereof), whose population was heavily affected in World War II. This applies to both sides of the conflict — and fascist Germany (as well as militaristic Asian Japan), on the one hand; and the territories of modern Poland, the Republic of Belarus, Ukraine, the European part of the Russian Federation, parts of the former Yugoslavia, on the other hand. As a result, since the 1970s the population of these territories began to enter a period of depopulation, the excess of mortality over fertility. This happened as a result of a downward demographic wave, the so-called «first echo of the Second World War», as well as due to global trends of declining birth rates in the entire developed and rapidly developing world. In general, over the 28 years of the post-Soviet period from the beginning of 1992 to the beginning of2020, depopulation covered all European regions of Russia with the exception of 5 republics of the North Caucasus and the Republic of Kalmykia. A somewhat different picture was observed beyond the Ural Range. Here, the depopulation in most large industrial regions was primarily due to the post-Soviet migration outflow of the population to the European part of the country — to the capital regions and plains of Southern Russia with a favorable climate. Positive natural growth was only in the oil and gas bearing Tyumen oblast, the Republic of Yakutia (Sakha), Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as well as in the republics of Southern Siberia, whose indigenous population professes Buddhism. The article presents an analysis for each of the typical groups of Russian regions, provides statistics for 28 years of the demographic (reproductive) development of territories, substantiates conclusions, among which the main one is the following. The decrease in the volume of current and upcoming demographic human losses in Russia depends on the consistency, scientific justification, efficiency, effectiveness and selectivity of the country's demographic policy.
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Manaeva, Inna, Alexandra Kanishcheva i Anna Tkacheva. "Determinants of City Growth in Russia". Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, nr 4 (grudzień 2020): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2020.4.4.
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Today in Russia there are 1120 cities that are located in the territories with varying degrees of concentration. In the federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation, there is a wide disparity not only in the size of cities, but also in their growth rates. At a decrease in the population in small cities, there is an increase in big towns and cities with more than one million inhabitants. This trend shows the “attraction” of the population from regions into capital cities. The aim of the article is to assess the effects of factors that can influence the growth of a city in the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the influence of external (infrastructure, security) and internal (economic, social, infrastructure, human capital, environmental situation) factors on the growth of cities. The paper presents a system of factor indicators of urban growth. Cities of different sizes have different levels of life standard, and therefore author’s methodology was tested in terms of urban sizes: towns, medium-sized cities, large cities, million-plus cities. The significant factors in the growth of millionplus cities in the Russian Federation are the initial population size and average monthly wages. The growth in the population of large cities is negatively affected by the spatial concentration of industrial enterprises. A high level of average monthly wages contributes to an increase in the population of this type of cities. A significant positive impact on the growth of large cities depends on the concentration of mining industry, volume of investments in fixed assets, number of doctors. The concentration of mining industrial production has a positive effect on the basic growth rate of medium-sized cities. The concentration of manufacturing and the volume of investment in fixed assets have a significant positive effect on the growth of small towns. The practical significance of the obtained results consists in the possibility of creation of a methodological toolkit for the assessment of urban systems of the region, which can become the basis for the development of an algorithm for the strategic planning of the spatial development of cities in the Russian Federation.
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Wang, Shijin, Guihong Hua i Huiying Zhou. "What Are the Key Factors Affecting Air Pollution? Research on Jiangsu, China from the Perspective of Spatial Differentiation". Sustainability 12, nr 6 (18.03.2020): 2371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062371.
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Based on the spatial Dubin model, two representative atmospheric pollutants comprising industrial waste gas and NO2 were selected to empirically investigate the effects of eight variables, including the economic growth level, population size, and industrial structure, on atmospheric pollutants and measure the sub-regional effects using data for Jiangsu from 2000 to 2016. The results showed that the population size, economic growth level, rural modernization level, personal income, and introducing high-speed rail were positively correlated with air pollution. By contrast, the industrial structure, foreign direct investment, and urbanization level were negatively correlated with air pollution. In particular, the effects of personal income, foreign direct investment, introducing high-speed rail, and urbanization were significant. The sub-regional analyses detected spatial spillover effects in all regions. The direct effects were greater than the indirect effects, where the level of economic growth, foreign direct investment, and urbanization had significant impacts, and the spatial spillover effects were most obvious in northern Jiangsu and central Jiangsu. Therefore, the following solutions are proposed: adjusting the industrial structure, improving the mode of economic growth, promoting the use of clean energy and rationally introducing foreign direct investment.
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Turner, Matthew A., Jeffrey S. Rosenthal, Jian Chen i Chunyan Hao. "Adaptation to Climate Change in Preindustrial Iceland". American Economic Review 102, nr 3 (1.05.2012): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.250.
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We investigate the effect of climate change on population growth in 18th and 19th century Iceland. We find that annual temperature changes help determine the population growth rate in pre-industrial Iceland: a year 1 degree Celsius cooler than average drives down population growth rates by 1.14%. We also find that 18th and 19th century Icelanders adapt to prolonged changes in climate after 20 years. These adaptations reduce the short run effect of annual change in temperature by about 60%. Finally, a 1 degree Celsius sustained decrease in temperature decreases the steady state population by 10% to 26%.
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Yang, Zhiheng, Chenxi Li i Yongheng Fang. "Driving Factors of the Industrial Land Transfer Price Based on a Geographically Weighted Regression Model: Evidence from a Rural Land System Reform Pilot in China". Land 9, nr 1 (1.01.2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9010007.
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More and more studies on land transfer prices have been carried out over time. However, the influencing factors of the industrial land transfer price from the perspective of spatial attributes have rarely been explored. Selecting 25 towns as the basic research unit, based on industrial land transfer data, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the price distribution of industrial land in Dingzhou City, a rural land system reform pilot in China, by using a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. Eight evaluation factors were selected from five aspects: economy, population, topography, landform, and resource endowment. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) model, the GWR model revealed the spatial differentiation characteristics of the industrial land transfer price in depth. (2) Factors that have a negative correlation with the industrial land transfer price include the proportion of cultivated land area and distance to the city. Factors that have a positive correlation with the industrial land transfer price include the population growth rate, economic growth rate, population density, and number of hospitals per unit area. (3) The results of GWR model analysis showed that the impact of different factors on the various towns of different models had significant spatial differentiation characteristics. This paper will provide a reference for the sustainable use of industrial land in developing countries.
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Yang, Bai. "Human Capital, Industrial Structure Upgrading and Economic Growth in China: A Literature Review". International Journal of Business and Management 15, nr 8 (2.07.2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v15n8p59.
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The research on human capital, industrial structure upgrading and economic growth has always been one of the focus issues in academia. The existing literature is developed from different perspectives. First of all, the research on human capital mainly focuses on the research of human capital and economic growth, including the relationship between total human capital and economic growth, the relationship between human capital structure and economic growth, and the relationship between healthy human capital and economic growth. Secondly, the research on the upgrading of industrial structure includes the upgrading of industrial structure and economic growth, the influencing factors of the upgrading of industrial structure and so on. Among them, the influencing factors mainly include technological progress, market supply and demand, population, trade and government policies. Thirdly, the research on the impact of human capital on the upgrading of industrial structure mainly includes the matching of heterogeneous human capital and industrial structure, and the impact mechanism of human capital on industrial structure. This paper systematically reviews the development of literature on human capital, industrial structure upgrading and their relationship, and points out the problems existing in the literature, possible improvements in the future and several issues that may need attention in the future.