Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Polythiophene

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Polythiophene”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 25 maja 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Polythiophene"

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Rittmeyer, Simon P., i Axel Groß. "Structural and electronic properties of oligo- and polythiophenes modified by substituents". Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 3 (27.12.2012): 909–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.3.101.

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The electronic and structural properties of oligo- and polythiophenes that can be used as building blocks for molecular electronic devices have been studied by using periodic density functional theory calculations. We have in particular focused on the effect of substituents on the electronic structure of thiophenes. Whereas singly bonded substituents, such as methyl, amino or nitro groups, change the electronic properties of thiophene monomers and dimers, they hardly influence the band gap of polythiophene. In contrast, phenyl-substituted polythiophenes as well as vinyl-bridged polythiophene derivatives exhibit drastically modified band gaps. These effects cannot be explained by simple electron removal or addition, as calculations for charged polythiophenes demonstrate.
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Parmar, Hitesh, R. K. Shah i A. T. Oza. "Infrared Spectra of Electronically Doped Polythiophene". Advanced Materials Research 1141 (sierpień 2016): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1141.222.

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Polythiophene was prepared by oxidation of thiophene. It was electronically doped with organic acceptors such as TCNE, TCNQ, DDQ, Chloranil and kI-I2. The FTIR spectra revealed only little change of intermolecular band gap of about 0.21ev of polythiophene .However, polythiophene (pure) obtained from chemical company revealed degenerate semiconducting property. The electronic doping with the organic acceptors and kI-I2 revealed optical properties in small polaron model in the FTIR range. Thus both non-degenerate and degenerate polythiophenes were studied with 60% doping of organic acceptors.
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SOMANATHAN, N., i S. RADHAKRISHNAN. "OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF FUNCTIONALIZED POLYTHIOPHENES". International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, nr 32 (30.12.2005): 4645–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205032930.

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This review focuses on the interrelation between the influences of polymeric structure on the optical properties of polythiophene — a versatile polymer for opto-electronic applications. From the application's point of view, the polymer should either be melt- or solution-processible. Functionalization of polythiophenes really helps for the above. On the other hand, the functionalization at the 3 and/or 4 position of the thiophene ring modifies the band gap of the polymer, which in turn, modifies photo absorption, photo- and electro-emission characteristics of polythiophenes. The present work reviews the influence of the optical properties of polythiophene on the different functional groups present in the thiophene ring.
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Liu, Haining, Qing Li, Qiqi Li, Wang Jin, Xiaoming Li, Abdul Hameed i Shanlin Qiao. "Rational skeletal rigidity of conjugated microporous polythiophenes for gas uptake". Polymer Chemistry 8, nr 44 (2017): 6733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py01268c.

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A step by step increase of the skeleton rigidity of the polythiophene networks P-TTT, P-THIDT and P-DTBDT by monomer design. The monomers’ rigidity had intense influence on the stacking morphology and porosity structure of the obtained polythiophenes.
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Sugiyasu, Kazunori, Masayuki Takeuchi, Ryota Inoue, Ryo Shomura i Yoshitaka Matsushita. "Synthesis and Redox Behavior of a Sheathed Cross-Conjugated Polythiophene". Synlett 29, nr 19 (11.10.2018): 2557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611021.

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Control over the electronic structure in π-conjugated polymers is of great importance for the development of organic electronics and spintronics. In this study, we synthesized a sheathed cross-conjugated polythiophene through oxidative electrochemical polymerization. Spectroelectrochemistry has revealed that unlike linearly conjugated polythiophenes, polarons were confined in the repeating units that were segmented by cross-conjugation.
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He, Pan, Kyoji Hagiwara, Hui Chong, Hsiao-hua Yu i Yoshihiro Ito. "Low-Molecular-Weight Polyethyleneimine Grafted Polythiophene for Efficient siRNA Delivery". BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/406389.

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Owing to its hydrophilicity, negative charge, small size, and labile degradation by endogenous nucleases, small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery must be achieved by a carrier system. In this study, cationic copolymers composed of low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine and polythiophenes were synthesized and evaluated as novel self-tracking siRNA delivery vectors. The concept underlying the design of these copolymers is that hydrophobicity and rigidity of polythiophenes should enhance the transport of siRNA across the cell membrane and endosomal membrane. A gel retardation assay showed that the nanosized complexes formed between the copolymers and siRNA were stable even at a molar ratio of 1 : 2. The high cellular uptake (>80%) and localization of the copolymer vectors inside the cells were easily analyzed by tracking the fluorescence of polythiophene using fluorescent microscopy and cytometry. Anin vitroluciferase knockdown (KD) assay in A549-luc cells demonstrated that the siRNA complexes with more hydrophobic copolymers achieved a higher KD efficiency of 52.8% without notable cytotoxicity, indicating protein-specific KD activity rather than solely the cytotoxicity of the materials. Our polythiophene copolymers should serve as novel, efficient, low cell toxicity, and label-free siRNA delivery systems.
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Zanardi, C., F. Terzi i R. Seeber. "Polythiophenes and polythiophene-based composites in amperometric sensing". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 405, nr 2-3 (1.09.2012): 509–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6318-7.

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Yang, Sheng-Hsiung, i Chia-Hao Hsieh. "Novel Linear and Hyperbranched Polythiophene Derivatives Containing Diketopyrrolopyrroles as Linking Groups". MRS Proceedings 1771 (2015): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.497.

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ABSTRACTThe goal of this research is to synthesize novel linear and hyperbranched polythiophene derivatives containing diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as linking groups, and to investigate thermal, optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of those derivatives. Polymers with high regioregularity were synthesized via the Universal Grignard metathesis polymerization. Those linear or hyperbranched polythiophenes containing DPP bridging moieties showed higher molecular weights and better thermal stability compared with normal P3HT. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the DPP-containing polymers are similar to that of P3HT in film state, while they show distinct attenuation in fluorescent emission. Finally, all polymers were blended with PC61BM and used as active layers for fabrication of inverted solar devices. The devices based on those DPP-containing polythiophenes revealed the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.55–0.58 V, the short-circuit current (JSC) of 8.62–16.21 mA/cm2, the fill factor (FF) of 36–41%, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.73–3.74%.
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Linh, Nguyen Ngoc, Ha Manh Hung, Doan Thi Yen Oanh, Bui Thi Thuy Linh, Nguyen Tien Cong, Nguyen Thuy Chinh, Thai Hoang i Vu Quoc Trung. "Fluorescent properties of some polythiophenes synthesized from 2‐(thiophen‐3‐yl)acetohydrazide and acetophenone". Vietnam Journal of Chemistry 58, nr 5 (październik 2020): 688–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vjch.202000101.

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AbstractIn this study, new polythiophenes containing hydrazone groups from derivatives of acetophenone were synthesized by chemical oxidative coupling polymerization. Ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis) combined with infrared (IR) analyses proved the supposed structure of novel polythiophenes and proved conformance of the expected synthetic method. Morphology and surface properties of the synthesized polymers were investigated by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) has been reported that there was still the presence of small FeCl3 catalyst in polymers and polymers had a stable thermal stability under air atmosphere. The polymers displayed fluorescence emissions at about 590 nm attributed to the π‐conjugated polythiophene. Polymers without doping have a good electrical conductivity (around 4.03×10–7 S/cm at 1 MHz).
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Ruckenstein, Eli, i Jun Seo Park. "Polythiophene and polythiophene-based conducting composites". Synthetic Metals 44, nr 3 (wrzesień 1991): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(91)91817-t.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Polythiophene"

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Dulgerbaki, Cigdem. "Synthesis And Characterization Of Polythiophene/montmorillonite And Polythiophene/polypropylene Composites". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607762/index.pdf.

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In this study, polythiophene(PTP)/montmorillonite(MMT) nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ intercalative polymerization and chemical oxidative polymerization. In in situ intercalative polymerization method, composites containing 90 and 95% MMT were prepared. In chemical oxidative polymerization method, a series of composites ranging from 1 to 15% by weight MMT were synthesized. Thermal and morphological properties of samples were investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
electrical conductivities were measured by four probe technique. Since PTP/MMT composites are unprocessable PTP/polypropylene(PP) composites were prepared. Amounts of PTP were changed in the range 2-30 % by weight in the composites. Mechanical properties were investigated by tensile tests. Four probe technique was used for measurement of electrical conductivities. Morphological characterizations were made by SEM. Formation of PTP and its incorporation in PTP/MMT composite were confirmed by FTIR analysis. DSC results showed that PTP does not have any thermal transition in the range 25-300 0C. TGA results showed that PTP/MMT composites have outstanding stability compared to that of PTP. XRD analysis revealed the formation of nanocomposites resulting from intercalation of thiophene in MMT at high MMT contents. Composites were observed as globular particles and clusters in SEM studies. Conductivity values of PTP/MMT composites were in the order of 10-3 S/cm. It is observed that tensile modulus of PTP/PP composites increases by the addition of PTP, but percentage strain at break does not appreciably change. Increasing PTP content increased electrical conductivity.
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Stromberg, Christian. "Transportprozesse bei der Bildung und Modifizierung technisch relevanter Polythiophene". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971958092.

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Santoso, Handoko Tirto. "Electrochemical processing of polythiophene films with enhanced structural order". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42696.

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Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) with high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity are attractive for several applications spanning the fields of energy, defense, and transportation. Electrochemically processed polythiophene (PTh) films are a class of ICPs that have been demonstrated recently to possess electrical conductivities as high as 1,300 S/cm and be stronger than common types of processed aluminum foils. While these results are promising, the electrical conductivity of PTh is still low compared to metals and the effects of important process conditions such as electrode resistance, distance between working and counter electrodes, and thiophene concentration on the structure and physical properties of electrochemically processed PTh films must be investigated in detail. In this work, electrode resistance and inter-electrode distance were demonstrated to be inversely proportional to the charge efficiency for PTh film growth. A critical concentration of thiophene that produced films with the highest conductivity was also revealed. Anionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodeclybenzene sulfonate (SDBS) were used, with and without a proton scavenger, in the Lewis acid boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE) electrolyte, which allows polymerization of thiophene at low oxidation potentials, to enhance the ordering and conjugation length of PTh through stabilization of the radical cation of thiophene via the dodecyl chain of the anionic surfactants. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed enhanced order and packing when surfactant was used during the processing of PTh films, and measured electrical conductivities were increased by as much as 300% because of the surfactant-mediated structural improvements. Necking behavior observed in tensile test of PTh films with anionic surfactant additives also suggests chain alignment and increased chain length.
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Schneider, Mareike. "Polythiophene als sensitive Filme in chemischen Sensoren". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1042708889359-42815.

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This work deals with the sensor application of polythiophenes, which belong to the group of the conducting polymers. The first part focuses on sensor application of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) for ion detection in aqueous electrolytes. The advanced electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance was used for investigating the electrochemical polymerisation and the redox cycling behaviour of the polymer films deposited on the liquid facing electrode of the quartz. This method is based on impedance analysis of a piezoelectric quartz crystal. The deposited polymer mass and surface roughness parameters were estimated from the electrical impedance shift of the quartz during the polymerisation using a new calculation procedure for rough and viscoelastic films. The PEDOT data were compared with results from the electrochemical polymerisation of 2,2?-bithiophene to demonstrate the influence of the substituent on morphology and electrochemical properties in organic electrolytes. With regard to electrogravimetric sensor applications the ion exchange of the polymer in aqueous electrolytes (LiClO4, NaClO4, NaNO3, and sodium toluenesulfonate) during redox cycling was investigated. From the mass/charge balance the apparent exchanged molar mass and the absolute exchanged mass of ions were calculated. The mass balance indicated a transfer of anions and solvent during oxidation. No remarkable cation exchange in the reduction scan was observed. For all investigated electrolytes the calculated exchanged molar mass can be explained with a reversible replacement of solvent by anions during oxidation. The molar solvent/anion ratio was roughly proportional to the sizes of the species. The second part of the work describes investigations on gas sensing properties of polythiophene films prepared by a new preparation method. This two-step procedure is based on electroless polymerisation of conducting polymers. In the first step the substrate is coated with an adhesion promoter and in a second step the chemical surface polymerisation of the monomer is performed. This deposition method was combined with new patterning techniques. The basis of this process is the patterned application of the adhesion promoter which was realised either by a photoresist lacquer mask or by micro contact printing of the adhesion promoter solution. These methods provide patterning down to submicrometer scale. The sensing properties of the polythiophene films were demonstrated with chemiresistors for the redox active gases NO2 and NH3. The reaction kinetics were investigated depending on humidity and temperature
Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der Untersuchung von Polythiophenen, einer Gruppe der intrinsisch leitfähigen Polymere, für die Anwendung als sensitive Filme in chemischen Sensoren. Ziel war es dabei, ausgewählte Aspekte des Sensoreinsatzes dieser Polymere zu beleuchten, um Wege zu einer verbesserten Sensorcharakteristik solcher Systeme aufzuzeigen. Der erste Teil der Ergebnisse konzentriert sich auf den Einsatz von Poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophen) in Sensoren für die Bestimmung von Ionenkonzentrationen in wässrigen Medien. Die elektrochemische Polymerisation auf Schwingquarzen und der potentialinduzierte Ionenaustausch an solchen Polymerfilmen wurden mit Hilfe der elektrochemischen Quarzmikrowaage charakterisiert. Diese beruht auf der Impedanzanalyse von Schwingquarzen in der Nähe ihrer Resonanzfrequenz, was neben der Erfassung der Änderung der Resonanzfrequenz der Quarze auch die Untersuchung des Dämpfungsverhaltens und somit eine halbquantitative Analyse der mechanischen Eigenschaften des Polymerfilmes ermöglicht. Aus den Daten Impedanzanalyse während der Polymerisation wurden mit einem neuen Berechnungsmodells, das viskoelastische und rauhigkeitsinduzierte Einflüsse berücksichtigt, die Polymermasse und vertikale und laterale Rauhigkeitsparameter bestimmt. Der Einfluss des Substituenten auf die Morphologie und das elektrochemische Verhalten in organischen Elektrolyten ist durch Vergleichsuntersuchungen an Poly(2,2?-bithiophen) illustriert. Die Sensormessungen erfolgten in wässrigen Modellelektrolyten mit unterschiedlich großen Anionen (LiClO4, NaClO4, NaNO3, Natriumtoluolsulfonat). Für die potentialabhängige Ionenaustauschreaktion konnte ein Einbau von Anionen bei der Oxidation des Polymers, der mit einem Ausstoß von Lösungsmittel verbunden war, nachgewiesen werden. Bei Reduktion des Polymers war der umgekehrte Vorgang zu beobachten. Kationen waren nicht nachweislich an den Austauschprozessen beteiligt. Als Sensorsignal wurde aus der bei Einbau der Ionen geflossenen Ladung und der reaktionsbedingten Masseänderung die ausgetauschte molare Masse und die inkorporierte Ionenmenge bestimmt. Die ausgetauschte molare Masse ergab für die unterschiedlichen Ionenspezies typische Werte, was eine Identifizierung der jeweiligen Analyten erlaubt. Die berechnete Analytmenge belegte eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit für das in der Polymerisation verwendete Anion (Perchlorat) und eine geringe Empfindlichkeit für große Anionen (Toluolsulfonat) Für dünne, weniger poröse Filme war das Austauschverhältnis von Anion und Lösungsmittel annähernd proportional zu den Molekülgrößen der beteiligten Spezies. Ein zweiter Schwerpunkt der Arbeit war die Weiterentwicklung eines Verfahrens zur oxidativ?chemischen Abscheidung von Polythiophenfilmen unter Nutzung haftvermittelnder Substanzen. Dafür wurde die Filmqualität experimentell optimiert und Methoden zur strukturierten Abscheidung entwickelt. Zur Strukturierung der Polymerfilme wurden Methoden zur lokalen Aufbringung des Haftvermittlers auf Basis einer Maskierung des Substrates mit photostrukturierbaren Lackmasken bzw. auf Basis des Mikrokontaktdruckes der Haftvermittlerlösung entwickelt. Mit der Maskentechnik konnten Strukturen im Submikrometerbereich, mit dem Mikrokontaktdruck im Mikrometerbereich, erzielt werden. Der Nachweis der Sensitivität der chemisch polymerisierten Polythiophenfilme wurde für redoxaktive Gase mit Hilfe von Leitfähigkeitssensoren erbracht, und die Reaktionskinetik in Abhängigkeit von Feuchte und Temperatur untersucht
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Seidler, N. "Polythiophene nanofibres for optoelectronic applications". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1456569/.

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This thesis reports on the fabrication and characterisation of self-assembled nanofibres of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), and demonstrates how these nanofibres can be used in applications like thin-film transistors and solar cells. The first results chapter describes a preparation method of P3HT nanofibres in a solution of chlorobenzene by using di-tert butyl peroxide (DTBP) as an additive. This method allows the fabrication of films of P3HT with high molecular order and gives control over the film retention. The films are characterised using a range of experimental techniques, including optical absorption, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy, which also allows to determine the dimensions of individual, separated nanofibres. A more detailed investigation into the temperature dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) of nanofibre films in comparison to P3HT thin-films is presented in the second results chapter. The line-shape of the measured PL of the nanofibres shows significant differences to the thin-film, which is most distinctive at a temperature of around 150K. At this temperature, the measurements show a change of the emission characteristics for the nanofibres which is absent in the thin-film. The cause for the observed transition can be related to the increased planarisation of the polymer backbone inside the nanofibres with increasing temperature. This gives rise to more dominant intrachain coupling for the fibres, in contrast to predominantly interchain coupling in P3HT thin-films. The third results chapter demonstrates the application of the nanofibre films in thin-film transistors and solar cells. It is shown how the high molecular order of the nanofibres in combination with the formation of fibre networks can be used to control the field-effect mobility of P3HT films. Solar cells are fabricated by successive deposition of a nanofibre film and an electron acceptor layer, resulting in power conversion efficiencies comparable to bulk heterojunction solar cells.
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Graves, Colin G. "Electrically conductive adhesives based on polythiophene". Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410803.

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Simmons, Martin Richard. "Processable forms of polypyrrole and polythiophene". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336326.

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Winkels, Stephan. "Polymerisation und Abscheidung von Kompositmaterialien aus kolloidaler Lösung". [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=959856749.

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Allard, Dirk. "Strukturierte halbleitende Thiophene". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96993811X.

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Chirvase, Dana. "Electrical characterization of organic devices case study ; polythiophene-fullerene based solar cells /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97400734X.

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Książki na temat "Polythiophene"

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Schopf, G., i G. Koßmehl. Polythiophenes - Electrically Conductive Polymers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0111619.

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Schopf, G. Polythiophenes: Electrically conductive polymers. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Denis, Fichou, red. Handbook of oligo- and polythiophenes. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 1999.

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Elschner, Andreas. PEDOT: Principles and applications of an intrinsically conductive polymer. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011.

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Nowaczyk, Jacek. Wpływ ozonu na właściwości fizykochemiczne polimerów przewodzących z grupy pochodnych politiofenu. Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2014.

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Kirchmeyer, Stephan, Andreas Elschner, Knud Reuter, Wilfried Lovenich i Udo Merker. Pedot: Principles and Applications of an Intrinsically Conductive Polymer. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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Schopf, G., i G. Koßmehl. Polythiophenes -- Electrically Conductive Polymers. Springer, 2013.

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Fichou, Denis, red. Handbook of Oligo‐ and Polythiophenes. Wiley, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527611713.

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Fichou, Denis. Handbook of Oligo- and Polythiophenes. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2007.

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Fichou, Denis. Handbook of Oligo- and Polythiophenes. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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Części książek na temat "Polythiophene"

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Steiner, G., i C. Zimmerer. "Polythiophene (PT)". W Polymer Solids and Polymer Melts – Definitions and Physical Properties I, 1121–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32072-9_130.

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Isotalo, H., H. Stubb i J. Saarilahti. "Ion Implantation of Polythiophene". W Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, 285–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83284-0_52.

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Arsenault, Nicole, Rabin Bissessur i Douglas C. Dahn. "Tungsten Disulfide Polythiophene Nanocomposites". W Advances in Nanostructured Composites, 53–68. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2018] | Series: Advances in nanostructured composites ; volume 2 | “A science publishers book.»: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429021718-3.

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Higashihara, Tomoya, Eisuke Goto i Mitsuru Ueda. "Block Copolymers Containing Polythiophene Segments". W Anionic Polymerization, 805–40. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54186-8_17.

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Sasabe, H., T. Wada, T. Sugiyama, H. Ohkawa, A. Yamada i A. F. Garito. "Third Harmonic Generation of Polythiophene Derivatives". W Conjugated Polymeric Materials: Opportunities in Electronics, Optoelectronics, and Molecular Electronics, 399–408. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2041-5_30.

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Kobayashi, T., M. Yoshizawa, U. Stamm, M. Taiji i K. Yoshino. "Femtosecond Spectroscopy of Polydiacetylene and Polythiophene". W Springer Proceedings in Physics, 248–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75826-3_48.

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Zaumseil, Jana. "P3HT and Other Polythiophene Field-Effect Transistors". W P3HT Revisited – From Molecular Scale to Solar Cell Devices, 107–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2014_279.

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Kürti, J., i P. R. Surján. "Quinoid-Aromatic Transition in Polythiophene-like Systems". W Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, 69–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83833-0_14.

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Charra, F., i J. Messier. "Third Order Hyperpolarizability of Polythiophene and Thiophene Oligomers". W Conjugated Polymeric Materials: Opportunities in Electronics, Optoelectronics, and Molecular Electronics, 409–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2041-5_31.

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Bar, G., S. N. Magonov, H. J. Cantow, T. Greczmiel i G. Kossmehl. "Characterization of the Polythiophene Surface by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy". W Electronic Properties of Polymers, 379–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84705-9_70.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Polythiophene"

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Wone, T. K. S., Y. L. Lam, Y. C. Chan, X. Hu i H. Liu. "Ultraviolet Laser Lithography of Conjugated Polythiophene Thin Films". W The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cthh79.

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The lithographic patterning of conjugated polymer thin films is important for both device applications such as light emitting diodes and for microlithography. Previous patterning methods which include selective photoelectrochemical deposition and scanning electrochemical microscopy were limited by either the small size of the pattern or the need for photoconductive substrates. In this presentation, we demonstrate that conjugated polymers from the polythiophene series can be patterned directly (without resist) by using the 325nm ultraviolet (UV) radiation from a helium cadmium (He-Cd) laser. These results are an extension of the previous work by Abdou et al [1] and Hu et al [2] on laser irradiation effects on the polythiophenes. Four polymers: polythiophene (PTh), poly (3-methylthiophene) (P3MT), poly (3-butylthiophene) (P3BT) and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) were prepared. Both PTh and P3MT were deposited electrochemicallv onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates. The substituted polythiophenes, P3BT and P3HT were synthesized chemically by Grignard coupling and oxidative polymerisation and were dissolved in chloroform to form dilute solutions. Thin films of P3BT and P3HT about 100nm thick were obtained by the dip coating technique. Lithographic patterning was performed using a custom-built UV laser writing system. The He-Cd laser has an output power of 15mW and the power intensity at focus is 286kWcm−2. After line patterns were written, the samples were observed by optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was found that at sufficiently high incident fluences, all four polymers can be ablated directly into grooves several microns wide and up to 500µm long. The groove widths generally changed slightly with fluence but decreased rapidly near the respective cutoff fluences where no grooves could be formed (Fig. 1). At fluences below about 105 Wem−2, cross-linking was observed in both P3BT and P3HT Films. This renders the irradiated areas insoluble in chloroform and after development in this solvent, line structures 1-6µm wide were found on the glass substrate. Some of these line structures had rippled sidewalls and were attributed to solvent infusion effects. The significance of the present results is that both positive and negative tone lithographic patterning have been demonstrated. The ablation of PTh and P3MT in particular overcomes the difficulty of patterning these insoluble and infusible polymers. The mechanisms of the observed patterning processes will be explained and the linewidth trends shown in Fig.1 and other experiments will be discussed. This direct-write process should have potential applications in polythiophene based devices and conductive resists.
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Yang, Lina, Q. Z. Wang, R. Dorsinville, R. R. Alfano, R. Zamboni i C. Taliani. "Excited-state nonlinearity in polythiophene". W OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.fg2.

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The sign and the magnitude of both the real and the imaginary part of the third-order optical nonlinear susceptibility χ3 at 532 nm in polythiophene (PT) thin films has been determined by the Z-scan method. Both the real part of χ3532 nm (-6.1 × 10-9 esu) and the imaginary part of χ3532 nm (-1.9 × 10-9 esu) are shown to be negative. Strong saturation absorption effects in PT at 532 nm have been observed from open aperture measurements. The results show that the nonlinear response in the single photon π–π* transition band in polythiophene thin films is dominated by absorption saturation.
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Li, Bo, i David N. Lambeth. "Mechanisms of Polythiophene Chemical Sensors". W 2007 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2007.4388656.

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Kelkar, Deepali S., Ashish B. Chourasia, Arun Pratap i N. S. Saxena. "Thermal Properties of Doped Polythiophene". W 5TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES: (NCTP-09). AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3466565.

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McCullough, Richard D., Genevieve Sauve, Bo Li, Malika Jeffries-El, Suresh Santhanam, Lawrence Schultz, Rui Zhang i in. "Regioregular polythiophene nanowires and sensors". W Optics & Photonics 2005, redaktorzy Zhenan Bao i David J. Gundlach. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.619609.

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Kyung Joong Kim, Changjin Lee, Suh Bong Rhee i Tai Jong Kang. "Photoluminescence properties of various polythiophene derivatives". W International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.834678.

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Haaland, Peter, i James Targove. "Flowing Afterglow Synthesis of Polythiophene Films". W Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1991.tue4.

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Polymers of aromatic heterocycles such as thiophene and pyrrole have been actively investigated for their promising electrical and optical characteristics. However the use of these materials in waveguide structures has been constrained by morphological and synthetic barriers. Specifically, larger oligomers are less soluble causing multiphase chemical kinetics and irregular morphology in the metal-catalyzed coupling syntheses.fi] Electrochemical preparation methods also produce grainy or fibrillar material, most probably because the heterogeneous boundary conditions on film growth change as insulating or semi-conducting material is deposited on the electrodes. [2] We report here a synthetic approach to the polymeric heterocycle polythiophene using electronically excited argon metastables to activate organic precursors. This method is seen to produce dense, uniform films with desirable thiophene linkages and excellent optical properties.
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Dorsinville, R., Lina Yang, R. R. Alfano, R. Tubino, S. Destri i C. Taliani. "Picosecond nonlinear optical response in polymers using four-wave mixing techniques". W OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.mr30.

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The magnitude and response time of the third-order nonlinear coefficient were measured in dilute solutions of polyacetylene and thin polythiophene films using four-wave mixing techniques. In soluble polyacetylene the relatively large (> 10−9 esu) and fast (<20-ps) response, comparable to results in solid samples, seems to indicate that interchain interactions do not play a significant role in the nonlinear response. In polythiophene and its derivatives, one of the largest values of the nonlinear optical coefficient (> 10−8 esu, <20 ps) was measured within the absorption band.
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Kajzar, F., J. Messier, C. Sentein, R. L. Elsenbaumer i G. G. Miller. "Cubic Susceptibility Of Polythiophene Solutions And Films". W 33rd Annual Techincal Symposium, redaktor Garo Khanarian. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.962106.

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Gangopadhyay, P., G. Koeckelberghs i A. Persoons. "Ferromagnetism in pristine polythiophene at low temperature". W SPIE OPTO, redaktorzy Robert L. Nelson, François Kajzar, Toshikuni Kaino i Yasuhiro Koike. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.876545.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Polythiophene"

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Hong, Sung Y., i Dennis S. Marynick. Understanding the Conformational Stability and Electronic Structures of Modified Polymers Based on Polythiophene. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, lipiec 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada253753.

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