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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Polysaccharides marins sulfatés"
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Fonseca, Roberto, Gustavo Santos i Paulo Mourão. "Effects of polysaccharides enriched in 2,4-disulfated fucose units on coagulation, thrombosis and bleeding". Thrombosis and Haemostasis 102, nr 11 (2009): 829–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th08-11-0773.
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SummarySulfated polysaccharides from marine invertebrates have welldefined structures and constitute a reliable class of molecules for structure-activity relationship studies.We tested the effects of two of these polysaccharides,namely a sulfated fucan and a fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, on coagulation, thrombosis and bleeding. The compounds share similar 2,4-disulfated fucose units, which are required for high anticoagulant activity in this class of polymer.These residues occur either as branches in fucosylated chondroitin sulfate or as components of the linear chain in the sulfated fucan.These polysaccharides possess anticoagulant activity but differ significantly in their mechanisms of action.The fucosylated chondroitin sulfate inhibits thrombin by heparin cofactor II, whereas sulfated fucan inhibits thrombin by both antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. In addition, these polysaccharides also have serpin-independent anticoagulant activities. Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, but not sulfated fucan, activates factor XII. As a result of the complex anticoagulant mechanism, the invertebrate polysaccharides differ in their effects on experimental thrombosis. For instance, the sulfated fucan inhibits venous thrombosis at lower doses than fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. In contrast, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate is significantly more potent than sulfated fucan in arterial thrombosis. Finally, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate increases bleeding, while sulfated fucan has only a discrete effect. In conclusion, the location of 2,4-disulfated fucose units in the polysaccharide chains dictates the effects on coagulation, thrombosis and bleeding.
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Vessella, Giulia, José Antonio Vázquez, Jesús Valcárcel, Laura Lagartera, Dianélis T. Monterrey, Agatha Bastida, Eduardo García-Junceda, Emiliano Bedini, Alfonso Fernández-Mayoralas i Julia Revuelta. "Deciphering Structural Determinants in Chondroitin Sulfate Binding to FGF-2: Paving the Way to Enhanced Predictability of Their Biological Functions". Polymers 13, nr 2 (19.01.2021): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020313.
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Controlling chondroitin sulfates (CSs) biological functions to exploit their interesting potential biomedical applications requires a comprehensive understanding of how the specific sulfate distribution along the polysaccharide backbone can impact in their biological activities, a still challenging issue. To this aim, herein, we have applied an “holistic approach” recently developed by us to look globally how a specific sulfate distribution within CS disaccharide epitopes can direct the binding of these polysaccharides to growth factors. To do this, we have analyzed several polysaccharides of marine origin and semi-synthetic polysaccharides, the latter to isolate the structure-activity relationships of their rare, and even unnatural, sulfated disaccharide epitopes. SPR studies revealed that all the tested polysaccharides bind to FGF-2 (with exception of CS-8, CS-12 and CS-13) according to a model in which the CSs first form a weak complex with the protein, which is followed by maturation to tight binding with kD ranging affinities from ~1.31 μM to 130 μM for the first step and from ~3.88 μM to 1.8 nM for the second one. These binding capacities are, interestingly, related with the surface charge of the 3D-structure that is modulated by the particular sulfate distribution within the disaccharide repeating-units.
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Silchenko, Artem S., Anton B. Rasin, Anastasiya O. Zueva, Mikhail I. Kusaykin, Tatiana N. Zvyagintseva, Anatoly I. Kalinovsky, Valeriya V. Kurilenko i Svetlana P. Ermakova. "Fucoidan Sulfatases from Marine Bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127T". Biomolecules 8, nr 4 (21.09.2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040098.
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Fucoidans belong to a structurally heterogeneous class of sulfated polysaccharides isolated from brown algae. They have a wide spectrum of biological activities. The complex structures of these polysaccharides hinder structure-activity relationships determination. Fucoidan sulfatases can make useful tools for the determination of the fine chemical structure of fucoidans. In this study, identification and preparation of two recombinant sulfatases able to catalyze the cleavage of sulfate groups from fragments of fucoidan molecules is described for the first time. Two genes of sulfatases swf1 and swf4 of the marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127T were cloned and the proteins were produced in Escherichia coli cells. Sulfatases SWF1 and SWF4 are assigned to S1_17 and S1_25 subfamilies of formylglycine-dependent enzymes of S1 family (SulfAtlas). Some molecular and biochemical characteristics of recombinant fucoidan sulfatases have been studied. Detailed specificity and catalytic features of sulfatases were determined using various sulfated fucooligosaccharides. Structures of products produced by SWF1 and SWF4 were established by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Based on the obtained data, the enzymes are classified as fucoidan exo-2O-sulfatase (SWF1) and fucoidan exo-3O-sulfatase (SWF4). In addition, we demonstrated the sequential action of sulfatases on 2,3-di-O-sulfated fucooligosacchrides, which indicates an exolitic degradation pathway of fucoidan by a marine bacterium W. fucanilytica CZ1127T.
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Miranda-Arizmendi, Valeria, Diana Fimbres-Olivarria, Anselmo Miranda-Baeza, Agustín Rascón-Chu, Jorge Marquez-Escalante, Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza, Mayra A. Méndez-Encinas i Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan. "Sulfated polysaccharides from marine diatoms: Insight into molecular characteristics and biological activity". AIMS Bioengineering 11, nr 1 (2024): 110–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/bioeng.2024007.
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<abstract> <p>Marine algae are a valuable source of sulfated polysaccharides presenting varied structural characteristics and biological activities. Regarding sulfated polysaccharides extracted from marine microalgae, molecular characteristics and bioactivity have yet to be fully explored, especially in diatoms. Sulfated polysaccharides from marine diatoms have great potential to produce numerous health benefits and lead to new biomedical materials. Nevertheless, these potential applications are based on the polysaccharide molecular characteristics, which define their functional properties. Therefore, a detailed understanding of sulfated polysaccharides from marine diatoms may represent the starting point for a broad development of innovative applications, especially in the biomedical area. In this context, the present manuscript aims to review marine diatom sulfated polysaccharides' molecular characteristics and biological activity, looking for a more profound knowledge of these macromolecules and their potential applications.</p> </abstract>
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Jun, Joon-Young, Min-Jeong Jung, In-Hak Jeong, Koji Yamazaki, Yuji Kawai i Byoung-Mok Kim. "Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Algae against Dental Plaque Bacteria". Marine Drugs 16, nr 9 (27.08.2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md16090301.
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Dental plaque biofilms cause various dental diseases; therefore, inhibiting the growths of the dental plaque bacteria which produce biofilms can be a strategy for preventing dental disease. Certain sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae exert antimicrobial activities against human bacterial pathogens in addition to their physiological benefits. On the basis of these observations, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of sulfated polysaccharides from different marine algae were evaluated against dental plaque bacteria. Among the sulfated polysaccharides, a fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus showed notable antimicrobial activities against the selected dental plaque bacteria, including some foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were of 125 to 1000 µg mL−1. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, the fucoidan at the concentrations of above 250 µg mL−1 completely suppressed the biofilm formations and planktonic cell growths of Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus. However, no eliminative effect on the completed biofilm was observed. The fucoidan consisted of almost fucose base polysaccharide containing approximately 14.0% sulfate content. The average molecular weight of the fucoidan was changed by heat treatment (121 °C for 15 min) and it affected the antimicrobial activity.
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He, Meijia, Yajing Yang, Zhuling Shao, Junyan Zhang, Changning Feng, Lei Wang i Wenjun Mao. "Chemical Structure and Anticoagulant Property of a Novel Sulfated Polysaccharide from the Green Alga Cladophora oligoclada". Marine Drugs 19, nr 10 (29.09.2021): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19100554.
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Marine macroalgae are efficient producers of sulfated polysaccharides. The algal sulfated polysaccharides possess diverse bioactivities and peculiar chemical structures, and represent a great potential source to be explored. In the present study, a heparinoid-active sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the green alga Cladophora oligoclada. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses indicated that the sulfated polysaccharide was composed of →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, β-d-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→ and →3)-β-d-Galp-(1→ units with sulfate esters at C-2/C-4 of →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, C-6 of →3)-β-d-Galp-(1→ and C-3 of →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→ units. The branches consisting of β-d-Galp-(1→ and →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ units were located in C-3 of →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ units. The sulfated polysaccharide exhibited potent anticoagulant activity in vitro and in vivo as evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time, and the fibrinogen level. For the APTT, the signal for clotting time was more than 200 s at 100 μg/mL in vitro and at 15 mg/kg in vivo. The obvious thrombolytic activity of the sulfated polysaccharide in vitro was also found. The mechanism analysis of anticoagulant action demonstrated that the sulfated polysaccharide significantly inhibited the activities of all intrinsic coagulation factors, which were less than 1.0% at 50 μg/mL, but selectively inhibited common coagulation factors. Furthermore, the sulfated polysaccharide strongly stimulated the inhibition of thrombin by potentiating antithrombin-III (AT-III) or heparin cofactor-II, and it also largely promoted the inhibition of factor Xa mediated by AT-III. These results revealed that the sulfated polysaccharide from C. oligoclada had potential to become an anticoagulant agent for prevention and therapy of thrombotic diseases.
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Carvalhal, Francisca, Ricardo Cristelo, Diana Resende, Madalena Pinto, Emília Sousa i Marta Correia-da-Silva. "Antithrombotics from the Sea: Polysaccharides and Beyond". Marine Drugs 17, nr 3 (16.03.2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17030170.
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Marine organisms exhibit some advantages as a renewable source of potential drugs, far beyond chemotherapics. Particularly, the number of marine natural products with antithrombotic activity has increased in the last few years, and reports show a wide diversity in scaffolds, beyond the polysaccharide framework. While there are several reviews highlighting the anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of marine-derived sulfated polysaccharides, reports including other molecules are sparse. Therefore, the present paper provides an update of the recent progress in marine-derived sulfated polysaccharides and quotes other scaffolds that are being considered for investigation due to their antithrombotic effect.
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Li, Peipei, Junlu Bai, XiaoJun Zhang, Zhongyong Yan, Pengfei He i Yin Chen. "Structure and Anticoagulant Activity of a Galactofuranose-Containing Sulfated Polysaccharide from the Green Seaweed, Codium isthmocladum". Molecules 27, nr 22 (18.11.2022): 8012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27228012.
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A water-soluble sulfated polysaccharide, F2-1, was obtained from the marine green alga, Codium isthmocladum, using ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Structure analysis showed that the F2-1 was a sulfated arabinan comprising Ara, Rha, Man, Gal, and Xyl with an 18% sulfate content and a molecular weight of 100 kDa. Methylation analysis combined with desulfation, GC-MS, IR, and NMR spectroscopy showed that the backbone of F2-1 was →4)-β-L-Arap(1→ residue. Its 2-O and/or 3-O positions showed sulfate modification; additionally, the 2-O or 3-O position showed branch points. The side chains were composed of →5)-β-D-Galf, (1→2,6)-β-D-Galf(1→, (1→2)-β-L-Rhap4S, →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, and terminal α-D-Galp(1→ and β-D-Xylp(1→. Polysaccharides containing β-D-galactofuranose are rarely found in seaweed. F2-1 exhibited significant anticoagulant activity in vitro. Our findings suggested that the green-tide alga, Codium isthmocladum, can be considered as a useful resource for bioactive polysaccharides.
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Vilanova, Eduardo, Priscilla J. Ciodaro, Francisco F. Bezerra, Gustavo R. C. Santos, Juan J. Valle-Delgado, Dario Anselmetti, Xavier Fernàndez-Busquets i Paulo A. S. Mourão. "Adhesion of freshwater sponge cells mediated by carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions requires low environmental calcium". Glycobiology 30, nr 9 (20.02.2020): 710–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cwaa014.
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Abstract Marine ancestors of freshwater sponges had to undergo a series of physiological adaptations to colonize harsh and heterogeneous limnic environments. Besides reduced salinity, river-lake systems also have calcium concentrations far lower than seawater. Cell adhesion in sponges is mediated by calcium-dependent multivalent self-interactions of sulfated polysaccharide components of membrane-bound proteoglycans named aggregation factors. Cells of marine sponges require seawater average calcium concentration (10 mM) to sustain adhesion promoted by aggregation factors. We demonstrate here that the freshwater sponge Spongilla alba can thrive in a calcium-poor aquatic environment and that their cells are able to aggregate and form primmorphs with calcium concentrations 40-fold lower than that required by marine sponges cells. We also find that their gemmules need calcium and other micronutrients to hatch and generate new sponges. The sulfated polysaccharide purified from S. alba has sulfate content and molecular size notably lower than those from marine sponges. Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicated that it is composed of a central backbone of non- and 2-sulfated α- and β-glucose units decorated with branches of α-glucose. Assessments with atomic force microscopy/single-molecule force spectroscopy show that S. alba glucan requires 10-fold less calcium than sulfated polysaccharides from marine sponges to self-interact efficiently. Such an ability to retain multicellular morphology with low environmental calcium must have been a crucial evolutionary step for freshwater sponges to successfully colonize inland waters.
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Fimbres-Olivarria, Diana, Jorge Marquez-Escalante, Karla G. Martínez-Robinson, Valeria Miranda-Arizmendi, Yubia De Anda-Flores, Agustín Rascon-Chu, Francisco Brown-Bojorquez i Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan. "Physicochemical and Microstructural Characteristics of Sulfated Polysaccharide from Marine Microalga". Analytica 4, nr 4 (5.12.2023): 527–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/analytica4040036.
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Marine algae are a valuable source of polysaccharides. However, the information available on sulfated polysaccharides from microalgae is limited. Navicula sp. is a microalga present in the Sea of Cortez, of which little is known regarding their polysaccharides’ properties. This study investigated the physicochemical and microstructural characteristics of Navicula sp. sulfated polysaccharide (NSP). The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of NSP showed distinctive bands (1225 and 820 cm−1, assigned to S–O and C–O–S stretching, respectively), confirming the molecular identity. NSP registered molecular weight, intrinsic viscosity, a radius of gyration, and a hydrodynamic radius of 1650 kDa, 197 mL/g, 61 nm, and 36 nm, respectively. The zeta potential, electrophoretic mobility, conductivity, and diffusion coefficient of the molecule were −5.8 mV, −0.45 µm cm/s V, 0.70 mS/cm, and 2.9 × 10−9 cm2/s, respectively. The characteristic ratio and persistence length calculated for NSP were 4.2 and 1.3 nm, suggesting a nonstiff polysaccharide chain conformation. The Mark–Houwink–Sakurada α and K constants were 0.5 and 1.67 × 10−1, respectively, indicating a molecular random coil structure. NSP scanning electron microscopy revealed a rough and porous surface. Knowing these polysaccharides’ physicochemical and microstructural characteristics can be the starting point for elucidating their structure–function relationship as a valuable tool in advanced biomaterial design.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Polysaccharides marins sulfatés"
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Matard-Mann, Maria. "Recherche et caractérisation de nouvelles enzymes de bactéries marines actives sur les polysaccharides algaux par une approche biochimique et structurale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066659.
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Les polysaccharides algaux sont une ressource marine dont la valorisation est limitée par le manque d’outils adéquats à leur modification chimique. Grâce aux enzymes qu’elles synthétisent, les bactéries marines, qui vivent au contact des algues, représentent un enjeu majeur pour le développement des biotechnologies bleues. Cette thèse a permis de cloner et d’obtenir sous forme soluble plusieurs dizaines de nouvelles enzymes bactériennes marines actives sur des polysaccharides algaux. Quatre d’entre elles ont fait l’objet d’une étude plus spécifique. Les deux premières sont impliquées dans les voies de dégradation des carraghénanes. La première, ZgCgkA, est une κ-carraghénase de la famille 16 des glycosides hydrolases (GH), synthétisée par la bactérie Zobellia galactanivorans. Son étude biochimique et structurale, par cristallographie des rayons X, a permis de corréler certaines différences structurales à des modes d’interaction différents avec le substrat, au sein de cette sous-famille des GH16. La seconde enzyme étudiée, une β-carrabiose hydrolase de Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora, agit sur des oligosaccharides hybrides β/κ. Son étude biochimique et phylogénétique a permis de proposer la création d’une nouvelle famille de GH apparentée aux GH42. Enfin, les deux dernières enzymes étudiées, une GH29 et une GH non-classée, sont codées dans un locus de Z. galactanivorans qui semble impliqué dans la dégradation de substrats enrichis en fucose sulfaté. La GH29 a fait l’objet d’une caractérisation biochimique sur substrat synthétique, et son analyse structurale est en cours. Ces différents résultats permettent d’envisager l’utilisation de ces enzymes comme outils de valorisation des polysaccharides algaux, en particulier des carraghénanesAlgal polysaccharides are marine resources valorization of which is hindered by the lack of proper tools to modify their structure. Marine bacteria living associated to macroalgae synthesize enzymes acting on these polysaccharides. They represent a great opportunity for the development of bleu biotechnology. This thesis project resulted in the successful cloning and soluble protein production of several dozen new bacterial enzymes active on algal polysaccharides. Four of them have been studied in detail. The first two are involved in carrageenan degradation pathways. The first one, ZgCgkA, is a κ-carrageenase from family 16 of glycoside hydrolases (GH), synthesized by Zobellia galactanivorans. Its biochemical and structural study, by X-ray crystallography, provided a link between structural features and different interaction modes with the substrate in this GH16 sub-family. The second enzyme, a β-carrabiose hydrolase from Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora, is active on hybrid oligosaccharides of β/κ-carrageenan. Its biochemical and phylogenetic study suggests the creation of a new GH family, distantly related to the GH42 family. The last two enzymes, a GH29 and a non-classified GH, are encoded in a locus of Z. galactanivorans probably dedicated to the degradation of sulfated fucans. GH29 was biochemically characterized on synthetic substrate, and its structural study is ongoing. These results raise the possibility to use these enzymes as tools for the valorization of algal polysaccharides, particularly carrageenans
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Hentati, Faiez. "Caractérisations structurales et propriétés rhéologiques des polysaccharides de deux algues marines tunisiennes : Cystoseira compressa et Jania adhaerens". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC003.
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Cystoseira compressa et Jania adhaerens sont deux macro-algues marines de la mer méditerranée bien répandues le long des côtes Tunisiennes et non exploitées. Il ressort de cette étude que ces algues pourraient être utilisées comme une source d’ingrédients fonctionnels d’origine naturelle pour la production de burgers à base de chair de poissons d’eau douce (Barbus barbus). De plus, ces travaux ont conduit à l’obtention d’un fucoïdane (CCF) et un alginate de sodium (CCSA) comme polysaccharides matriciels de C. compressa. CCF (1,05 × 105 g/mol) est un hétérogalactofucane sulfaté (14,65 %) composé d’une chaîne principale de α-(1,3 ; 1,4)-l-Fucp ramifiée (31,84 %) en positions O-4 et O-3 par des monosaccharides terminaux et des chaînes latérales. CCSA (Mw = 1 × 105 g/mol) est composé de 56 % de α-l-GulA (G) et 44 % de β-d-ManA (M) (M/G = 0,77). Ce polyuronide est constitué de 93 % d’homoblocs (FGG = 53 % et FMM = 40 %) et de 6 % d’hétéroblocs (FMG = 3 % et FGM = 3 %). Les analyses rhéologiques et biologiques ont montré que CCF et CCSA présentent un comportement rhéofluidifiant ayant des propriétés de liquide visqueux avec des propriétés antioxydantes. Le polysaccharide issu de J. adhaerens (JSP) est un hétéroxylogalactane de Mw = 8,0 × 105 g/mol et est constitué de résidus disaccharidiques répétitifs de [→3)-β-d-Galp-(1,4)-α-l-Galp-(1→)]n et [(→3)-β-d-Galp-(1,4)-3,6-α-l-AnGalp-(1→)]n substitués principalement en position O-6 des résidus (1,3)-β-d-Galp et en positions O-2 et O-3 des résidus (1,4)-α-l-Galp par des T-β-d-Xylp, de groupements sulfate et/ou méthoxyle. Ce galactane sulfaté possède un comportement pseudoplastique typique d’un fluide viscoélastique, ayant des propriétés de gel faibleCystoseira compressa and Jania adhaerens are two seaweeds widespread on the Tunisian coasts and were not exploited. They have been used as natural ingredients to produce new canned fish burgers prepared from minced fish of common barbel (Barbus barbus). In addition, this work led to the extraction of a fucoidan (CCF) and a sodium alginate (CCSA) as matrix polysaccharides of C. compressa. CCF (Mw=1.05 × 105 g/mol) was a sulfated (14.65%) heterogalactofucan composed of α-(1,3) and α-(1,4)-linked l-Fucp as main backbone, which could be branched (31.8%) in O-3 and O-4 positions by terminal monosaccharides and side chains. CCSA (Mw = 1 × 105 g/mol) was composed of 56% α-l-GulA (G) and 44% β-d-ManA (M) (M/G = 0.77). The CCSA linear backbone was constituted by 93% of homoblocks (FGG = 53% and FMM = 40%) and 6% of heteroblocks (FMG = 3% and FGM = 3%). Rheological and biological investigations showed that CCF and CCSA solutions exhibited shear-thinning and fluid-like viscoelastic behaviors with antioxidant properties. A sulfated xylogalactan-rich fraction (JSP) was extracted from J. adhaerens. JSP (Mw = 8.0 × 105 g/mol) was mainly constituted by the agaran disaccharidic repeating residues (→3)-β-d-Galp-(1,4)-α-l-Galp-(1→)n and (→3)-β-d-Galp-(1,4)-3,6-α-l-AnGalp-(1→)n mainly substituted on O-6 of (1,3)-β-d-Galp residues and in O-2 and O-3 positions of (1,4)-α-l-Galp residues by T-β-d-Xylp, methoxy and/or sulfate groups. JSP solutions displayed a shear-thinning behavior with a great viscoelasticity character, having weak gel properties
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Elboutachfaiti, Redouan. "Procédé d’obtention d’oligosaccharides anioniques (oligouronides et oligosaccharides sulfates) par dégradation enzymatique des polysaccharides d’algues marines". Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0124.
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La paroi de l’algue verte Ulva lactuca contient un homopolymère d’acides glucuroniques liés en β-(1®4) non sulfatés : le glucuronane et un deuxième polysaccharide sulfatés de structure complexe nommé ulvane. Dans le but de produire des oligoglucuronanes et des ligoulvanes, un procédé d’extraction du glucuronane et des ulvanes a été mis au point. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons cherché à produire des oligomères à partir des polysaccharides purifiés. La dégradation radicalaire s’est avérée efficace pour dégrader le polymère d’ulvane en molécules de masse molaire faible, mais elle ne nous a pas permis d’obtenir les oligomères d’ulvane. Nous avons donc recherché des microorganismes exprimant une activité dépolymérisante sur le polysaccharide d’Ulva lactuca. La souche PEC2 a été isolée, elle est proche d’Ochrobactrum triticii, elle exprime une activité glucuronane lyase (GL3) et une activité ulvane lyase (UL2). Les deux enzymes GL3 et UL2 dégradent respectivement les β-(1®4) glucuronanes et les α-(1®4), β-(1®4) rhamnoglucuronane sulfaté. L’utilisation de ces deux nouvelles activités lyase a permis la production d’une quantité importante de b-D-(4,5)-oligoglucuronanes et b-D-(4,5) ligorhamnoglucuronanes sulfatés par clivage du glucuronane et de l’ulvane isolés d’Ulva lactuca. Des oligomères de différents dp ont été purifiées par chromatographie liquide basse pression (exclusion stérique) et caractérisés par RMN 1H et ESI-Q/TOF-MS. Ces oligomères appliqués sur des plants de tomate ont induit l’augmentation d’activités enzymatiques associées aux mécanismes de défense naturelle des plantes contre des pathogènesIn the green algae Ulva lactuca the cell-wall contains two anionic polysaccharides, a homopolymer of glucuronic acid β-(1®4) linked called glucuronan and a sulphated heteropolymer called ulvan. In order to produce pure oligomers from the ulva polysaccharide extracts, a purification process was developed. Low molecular weight molecules were first obtained under a radical degradation, but no oligosaccharides were produced. In order to obtain such oligomers, a strain called PEC2 was selected. The strain closed to the Ochrobactrum triticii species was able to produce a glucuronan lyase (GL3) and an ulvan lyase (UL2). The GL3 extract allows the degradation of β-(1®4) glucuronans and the UL2 extract degrades α-(1®4), β-(1®4) sulfated rhamnoglucuronans. Various b-D-(4,5)-unsaturated oligoglucuronans and sulphated b-D-(4,5)-unsaturated oligorhamnoglucuronans with specific dp were produced and purified using low pressure liquid chromatography (size exclusion). Then they were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and ESI-Q/TOF-MS. These oligomers applied on tomato plants were shown to induce an increase of enzymatic activities known to be essential against plant pathogens
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Adrien, Dit Richard Amandine. "Production pilote de polysaccharides sulfatés issus de macroalgues marines à visées anti-coagulante et cosmétique anti-âge". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROS013/document.
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L’entreprise SEPROSYS est une société spécialisée dans le développement de solutions d'extraction et de séparation de molécules. Au cours de l’année 2011, l’entreprise a développé un procédé innovant de séparation et de purification fractionnée de biomolécules issues de macroalgues marines. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif de trouver des applications aux fractions extraites selon le procédé d’extraction et de purification de la société SEPROSYS, et en particulier la fraction des polysaccharides sulfatés, dans deux domaines distincts : en pharmaceutique pour leur activité anti-coagulante et en cosmétique pour leur activité anti-âge. La première partie de nos travaux se penche sur le potentiel des polysaccharides sulfatés de macroalgues comme anti-coagulants. Pour cela, des extraits aqueux de différentes macroalgues brunes, rouges et vertes ont été préparés et leur activité anti-coagulante a été mesurée. Les algues présentant le meilleur potentiel ont ensuite été traitées au moyen du procédé SEPROSYS® afin de purifier leurs polysaccharides sulfatés et d’étudier leur activité anti-coagulante. De plus, l’objectif de ce travail consiste également à mieux comprendre la relation structure-fonction de l'activité anticoagulante d'ulvanes. A cette fin, des ulvanes issus d’Ulva sp. de pureté élevée ont été produits par le procédé SEPROSYS®, soumis à des modifications chimique (hypersulfatation) et physique (dépolymérisation) et leur activité anticoagulante a été étudiée. La deuxième partie de nos travaux concerne l’évaluation du potentiel de ces macroalgues comme agents actifs utilisables en dermo-cosmétique, en particulier pour leur activité anti-âge. Dans ce but, différentes fractions de macroalgues brunes, rouges et vertes ont été testées sur des lignées cellulaires de fibroblastes dermiques humains et leur effet sur la production de collagène par ces fibroblastes a été étudié. Enfin, le potentiel d’ulvanes extraits d’Uva sp. par le procédé de l’entreprise SEPROSYS pour stimuler la biosynthèse de collagène et d’acide hyaluronique par ces mêmes fibroblastes a été déterminéSEPROSYS is a company specialized in the development of solutions for the extraction and separation of molecules. In 2011, the company has developed an innovative process of fractionated separation and purification of biomolecules from macroalgae. The purpose of this thesis work is to find applications for the purified fractions from the SEPROSYS® process and in particular the sulfated polysaccharides, for two distinct biological activities : as pharmaceutical for their anti-coagulant activity and as dermo-cosmetics for their anti-aging activity. The first part of our work focus on the potential of sulfated polysaccharides from macroalgae as anti-coagulant agents. To this end, aqueous extracts from brown, red and green macroalgae were prepared and their anti-coagulant activity was measured. The best macroalgae were then processed with the SEPROSYS procedure in order to purify the sulfated polysaccharides and study their activity. Furthermore, one of the objectives of this work was to acquire a better understanding of the structure/anti-coagulant function relationship of ulvans. Ulvans of high purity were extracted from Ulva sp. with the SEPROSYS® process, submitted to chemical (hypersulfatation) and physical (depolymerization) modifications and their anti-coagulant activity was measured. The second part of our work relates to the potential of the macroalgae as active agents to be used in dermo-cosmetics, and, in particular, for their anti-aging activity. Different brown, red and green macroalgae fractions were thus tested on normal human dermal fibroblasts cell lines and their effects on the collagen production were measured. Furthermore, the capacity of different molecular weight ulvans extracted from Ulva sp. to stimulate the collagen and hyaluronan biosynthesis was studied. To this end, we developed an efficient depolymerization procedure using ion exchange resins
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Caporiccio, Bertrand. "Recherche sur quelques activités biologiques d'un polysaccharide sulfate acide : extrait et caractérisé chez une algue marine Asparagopsis armata (Rhodophycee, Bonnemaisoniale)". Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0185.
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On a isole chez une algue rouge marine asparagopsis armata, une substance polysaccharidique qui a recu le nom d'armatan. Nous avons etudie sa localisation dans le thalle, mis en evidence certaines de ses activites biologiques et suivi sa cinetique dans l'organismeanimal. ? les methodes histochimiques specifiques precisent sa localisation a l'interieur du thalle. L'armatan possede une activite antitumorale, mitogene et hypocoagulante. ? il augmente de 22,5% la survie des souris c3h porteuses d'un carcinome mammaire. ? il provoque la transformation blastique des lymphocytes humains et murins, avec un role plutot t activateur chez l'homme. ? il allonge le temps de coagulation plasmatique in vitro et in vivo chez l'animal. Son efficacite hypocoagulante semble maximale par voie sous-cutanee. Il intervient sur la voie intrinseque de la coagulation. Son administration intra-veineuse produit des effets adverses en particulier sur le foie, la rate et les hematies. L'injection a l'animal d'un armatan marque au #1#4c, obtenu par culture permet de preciser son trajet dans l'organisme. Il ne sejourne pas dans le plasma mais est elimine assez rapidement dans les urines ou les feces. Cette experience permet de montrer que l'armatan se fixe comme l'heparine sur l'endothelium vasculaire
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QuinderÃ, Ana LuÃza Gomes. "Propriedades na nocicepÃÃo e na inflamaÃÃo de uma fraÃÃo polissacarÃdica sulfatada da alga marinha Acanthophora muscoides". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7577.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorNo presente trabalho, uma fraÃÃo polissacarÃdica sulfatada obtida da alga marinha Acanthophora muscoides (AmII) foi avaliada atravÃs de modelos de nocicepÃÃo e inflamaÃÃo. A toxicidade sistÃmica dos polissacarÃdeos sulfatados totais tambÃm foi analisada. A atividade antinociceptiva foi avaliada atravÃs dos ensaios de contorÃÃes abdominais induzidas por Ãcido acÃtico, teste da formalina e da placa quente. Camundongos Swiss machos foram tratados com AmII (1, 3 ou 9 mg/kg; i.v.) 30 min antes de receber injeÃÃo de Ãcido acÃtico 0,8% ou formalina 1% ou antes da exposiÃÃo a um estÃmulo tÃrmico. AmII reduziu significativamente o nÃmero de contorÃÃes abdominais induzidas por Ãcido acÃtico e o tempo lambedura da pata na segunda fase do teste da formalina. No teste da placa quente, AmII nÃo prolongou o tempo de reaÃÃo dos animais. A atividade antiinflamatÃria foi avaliada atravÃs do ensaio de migraÃÃo de cÃlulas atravÃs da cavidade peritoneal induzida por carragenana (700 μg/ cavidade) e dos ensaios de edema de pata induzidos por carragenana (500 μg/pata) ou por dextrano (400 μg/pata). Ratos Wistar foram tratados com AmII (1, 3 ou 9 mg/kg; s.c.) 60 min antes do estÃmulo inflamatÃrio. AmII reduziu significativamente a migraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos atravÃs da cavidade peritoneal. No ensaio do edema de pata induzido por carragenana, AmII nÃo reduziu a formaÃÃo do edema e a migraÃÃo neutrofÃlica, analisada atravÃs da determinaÃÃo dos nÃveis teciduais de mieloperoxidase. Entretanto, AmII inibiu o edema de pata induzido por dextrano no primeiro intervalo analisado. Adicionalmente, quando AmII (500 μg) foi injetada (s.c.) na pata, para verificar um possÃvel efeito edematogÃnico, nÃo foi observado edema. No ensaio de toxicidade subcrÃnica, camundongos foram tratados diariamente durante 14 dias com os polissacarÃdeos sulfatados totais de A. muscoides (20 mg/kg; i.p.). Sinais consistentes de dano sistÃmico nÃo foram observados, conforme revelado pela avaliaÃÃo do peso corporal e dos ÃrgÃos fÃgado, rim, coraÃÃo, baÃo, timo, e linfonodo e das anÃlises bioquÃmicas, hematolÃgicas e histopatolÃgicas. Como conclusÃo, a fraÃÃo AmII possui propriedades antinociceptiva e antiinflamatÃria e representa um potecial agente terapÃutico, justificando estudos futuros.
Herein, a sulfated polysaccharidic fraction obtained from the marine alga Acanthophora muscoides (AmII) was evaluated using models of nociception and inflammation. The systemic toxicity of the total sulfated polysaccharides was also assessed. The antinociceptive properties were assayed using the writhing test induced by acetic acid, the formalin and the hot plate test. Swiss mice were treated with AmII (1, 3 or 9 mg/kg; i.v.) 30 min prior to either receiving an injection of 0.8% acetic acid or 1% formalin or prior to a thermal stimulus. AmII reduced the number of acetic acid-induced writhes and licking time in the second phase of the formalin test, but it did not alter the response latency in the hot plate test. The anti-inflammatory properties were assayed using the carrageenan-induced neutrophil migration into the peritoneal cavity and carrageenan- or dextran-induced paw edema models. Wistar rats were treated with AmII (1, 3 or 9 mg/kg; s.c.) 60 min prior to inflammatory stimuli. AmII reduced significantly the neutrophil migration into the peritoneal cavity. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema, AmII did not reduce the edema formation or the neutrophil migration, as assessed by the determination of myeloperoxidase levels in the paw tissue. However, AmII reduced dextran-induced paw edema during the first interval analysed. Furthermore, when AmII (500 μg) was injected (s.c.) into the paw, to verify a possible edematogenic effect, no edema was observed. Additionally, when mice were treated with the total sulfated polysaccharides from A. muscoides (20 mg/kg; i.p.) for 14 days, no consistent signs of systemic damage were observed, as revealed by body weight, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, thymus and lymph node wet weight and by biochemical, hematological and histopathological analyses. In conclusion, AmII has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties and represents a potencial therapeutic agent warranting future studies.
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AraÃjo, Glacio Souza. "Immunostimulant effect of sulfated polysaccharides from the red marine alga Gracilaria caudata in sexual reversion of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (LINNAEUS, 1766) under adverse conditions". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=351.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorMachos de tilÃpia chegam a crescer de 1,8 a 2,5 vezes mais rÃpido do que as fÃmeas, sob condiÃÃes de cultivo intensivo. Assim, as estratÃgias para obter populaÃÃes monossexo estÃo focadas na produÃÃo de lotes de alevinos machos. A produÃÃo de indivÃduos 100% machos atravÃs do uso do andrÃgeno 17-α-metiltestosterona à considerada a tÃcnica mais efetiva e de menor custo. No entanto, o uso de hormÃnios e o aumento na densidade de cultivo tendem a afetar adversamente a saÃde dos organismos cultivados, aumentando os Ãndices de mortalidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de polissacarÃdeos sulfatados, extraÃdos da alga marinha vermelha Gracilaria caudata, na sobrevivÃncia e ganho de peso de pÃs-larvas da tilÃpia do Nilo, Oreochromis niloticus, submetidas à reversÃo sexual. O experimento consistiu em quatro tratamentos com trÃs repetiÃÃes cada, em um total de doze aquÃrios com capacidade para 40L. Em cada tratamento foram utilizadas 960 pÃs-larvas (plâs) de tilÃpias, na densidade de estocagem de 8 plâs/L. No tratamento controle nÃo foi utilizado o polissacarÃdeo e, nos outros trÃs tratamentos, foram utilizadas doses crescentes (0,05, 0,1 e 0,2mg/g de peso vivo das larvas) do polissacarÃdeo na raÃÃo. Durante as duas primeiras semanas de reversÃo, foi utilizada aeraÃÃo constante e uma renovaÃÃo de Ãgua de 20% em cada repetiÃÃo. A partir da terceira semana, foi elevado o estresse em todos os tratamentos atravÃs da supressÃo da aeraÃÃo e/ou da renovaÃÃo de Ãgua, a fim de induzir o aumento da mortalidade. Ao final do experimento, nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa entre os tratamentos com relaÃÃo ao peso mÃdio final e ganho mÃdio de peso diÃrio das pÃs-larvas. No entanto, com relaÃÃo à mortalidade, houve diferenÃa significativa (α = 0,05) no final ao final da Ãltima semana de reversÃo e cinco dias apÃs o experimento (α = 0,01), quando o estresse foi de moderado a elevado, respectivamente. Desta forma, as plâs que receberam a dose de 0,1 e 0,2mg/g se tornaram mais resistentes Ãs situaÃÃes de estresse induzidas no experimento.
Under intensive culture conditions males of tilapia grow 1.8 to 2.5 times faster than females. Thus, strategies to get monosex populations are concentrated on male production fingerlings lots. The production of 100% males individuals through the use of the androgen 17-α-methyl-testosterone is considered the most effective and lesser cost technique. However, hormone administration and culture density enhan cement tend to adversely affect cultivated organisms health, increasing mortality indices. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from the red marine alga Gracilaria caudata in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, post-larvae (pl's) survival and weight gain submitted to sexual reversion. The experiment consisted of four treatments with three repetitions in twelve 40L capacity aquariums. In each treatment were used 960 tilapias pl's in a stockage density of 8 pl's/L. In the control treatment was not used the polysaccharide and in the others three ones were used increasing doses (0.05,0.1 and 0.2mg/g live weight) of the polysaccharide in the ration. During the two first weeks of reversion a constant aeration and a 20% water exchange were done in each treatment. In order to induc e mortality, stress was raised in all treatments by aeration and/or water exchange suppression from the th ird week until the end of the experiment. Final mean weight and daily mean weight gain of pl's in all treatments did not showed significant difference at a 5% level. However, pl's mortality showed significant difference at the end of the last week of reversion (α = 0.05) and at the end of the last five days of the experiment (α = 0.01), when stress was raised of moderate to elevated, respectively. Then, pl's that received the polysaccharides doses of 0.1 and 0.2mg/g live weight became more resistant to stress situations induced in the experiment.
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Quinderé, Ana Luíza Gomes. "Propriedades na nocicepção e na inflamação de uma fração polissacarídica sulfatada da alga marinha Acanthophora muscoides". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/4265.
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QUINDERÉ, A. L. G. Propriedades na nocicepção e na inflamação de uma fração polissacarídica sulfatada da alga marinha Acanthophora muscoides. 2011. 81 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioquímica) Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 2011.Submitted by JOANA BEZERRA (joanabib@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-01-07T21:25:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_algquindere.pdf: 2652696 bytes, checksum: 3ea18d2c3a2e31c663a80ef68b105b24 (MD5)
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Herein, a sulfated polysaccharidic fraction obtained from the marine alga Acanthophora muscoides (AmII) was evaluated using models of nociception and inflammation. The systemic toxicity of the total sulfated polysaccharides was also assessed. The antinociceptive properties were assayed using the writhing test induced by acetic acid, the formalin and the hot plate test. Swiss mice were treated with AmII (1, 3 or 9 mg/kg; i.v.) 30 min prior to either receiving an injection of 0.8% acetic acid or 1% formalin or prior to a thermal stimulus. AmII reduced the number of acetic acid-induced writhes and licking time in the second phase of the formalin test, but it did not alter the response latency in the hot plate test. The anti-inflammatory properties were assayed using the carrageenan-induced neutrophil migration into the peritoneal cavity and carrageenan- or dextran-induced paw edema models. Wistar rats were treated with AmII (1, 3 or 9 mg/kg; s.c.) 60 min prior to inflammatory stimuli. AmII reduced significantly the neutrophil migration into the peritoneal cavity. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema, AmII did not reduce the edema formation or the neutrophil migration, as assessed by the determination of myeloperoxidase levels in the paw tissue. However, AmII reduced dextran-induced paw edema during the first interval analysed. Furthermore, when AmII (500 μg) was injected (s.c.) into the paw, to verify a possible edematogenic effect, no edema was observed. Additionally, when mice were treated with the total sulfated polysaccharides from A. muscoides (20 mg/kg; i.p.) for 14 days, no consistent signs of systemic damage were observed, as revealed by body weight, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, thymus and lymph node wet weight and by biochemical, hematological and histopathological analyses. In conclusion, AmII has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties and represents a potencial therapeutic agent warranting future studies.
No presente trabalho, uma fração polissacarídica sulfatada obtida da alga marinha Acanthophora muscoides (AmII) foi avaliada através de modelos de nocicepção e inflamação. A toxicidade sistêmica dos polissacarídeos sulfatados totais também foi analisada. A atividade antinociceptiva foi avaliada através dos ensaios de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético, teste da formalina e da placa quente. Camundongos Swiss machos foram tratados com AmII (1, 3 ou 9 mg/kg; i.v.) 30 min antes de receber injeção de ácido acético 0,8% ou formalina 1% ou antes da exposição a um estímulo térmico. AmII reduziu significativamente o número de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético e o tempo lambedura da pata na segunda fase do teste da formalina. No teste da placa quente, AmII não prolongou o tempo de reação dos animais. A atividade antiinflamatória foi avaliada através do ensaio de migração de células através da cavidade peritoneal induzida por carragenana (700 μg/ cavidade) e dos ensaios de edema de pata induzidos por carragenana (500 μg/pata) ou por dextrano (400 μg/pata). Ratos Wistar foram tratados com AmII (1, 3 ou 9 mg/kg; s.c.) 60 min antes do estímulo inflamatório. AmII reduziu significativamente a migração de neutrófilos através da cavidade peritoneal. No ensaio do edema de pata induzido por carragenana, AmII não reduziu a formação do edema e a migração neutrofílica, analisada através da determinação dos níveis teciduais de mieloperoxidase. Entretanto, AmII inibiu o edema de pata induzido por dextrano no primeiro intervalo analisado. Adicionalmente, quando AmII (500 μg) foi injetada (s.c.) na pata, para verificar um possível efeito edematogênico, não foi observado edema. No ensaio de toxicidade subcrônica, camundongos foram tratados diariamente durante 14 dias com os polissacarídeos sulfatados totais de A. muscoides (20 mg/kg; i.p.). Sinais consistentes de dano sistêmico não foram observados, conforme revelado pela avaliação do peso corporal e dos órgãos fígado, rim, coração, baço, timo, e linfonodo e das análises bioquímicas, hematológicas e histopatológicas. Como conclusão, a fração AmII possui propriedades antinociceptiva e antiinflamatória e representa um potecial agente terapêutico, justificando estudos futuros.
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Inamdar, Nazma, i V. Mourya. "Sulfated Chitosan as a Modified Marine Polysaccharides". W Industrial Applications of Marine Biopolymers, 193–228. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315313535-10.
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Delma, Caroline R., Somasundaram S. Thirugnanasambandan, Guruprasad Srinivasan, Sheeja Aravindan, Mohan Natarajan, Terence S. Herman i Natarajan Aravindan. "Abstract A89: Sulfated polysaccharides from marine brown alga alleviate pancreatic cancer metastasis". W Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis - January 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.tim2013-a89.
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