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Can, I. H., A. İslam, D. S. Karasoy i E. E. Samim. "Does regional pollen load affect the prevalence of clinical allergy to those pollen groups?" Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, nr 3 (23.11.2009): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109991873.
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AbstractObjective:To test the association between clinical allergic sensitisation to pollens and the profile and load of those pollens, in Ankara, Turkey.Materials and methods:Forty-three patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were included. Clinical sensitisation to various pollens was compared with 10-year counts of the same pollens. The ratios of sensitisation to various pollen groups, and the association between clinical sensitisation and pollen load, were investigated.Results:Grass pollen allergy was the leading cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis, followed by tree pollen allergy. In Ankara, the most common type of airborne tree pollen was salicacea; however, the commonest clinical tree pollen allergies were due to the betulaceae and fagaceae families.Conclusions:Higher concentrations of airborne pollens may not always result in a higher prevalence of clinical allergy to those pollens.
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,, Fidianinta, Ketty Suketi i Winarso D. Widodo. "Respon Perkecambahan Polen Pepaya IPB 6 dan IPB 9 terhadap Penyimpanan pada Suhu Rendah". Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia 6, nr 1 (13.08.2015): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jhi.6.1.29-36.
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<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>An experiment was conducted to study the germination and storability of papaya pollen IPB 6 and IPB 9 stored for 4 weeks at 3 levels of low temperature. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Microtechnic and Laboratory of Biophysics and Reproductive Biology, Bogor Agricultural University in the month of April to June 2014. Three variables were observed in this experiment: the germination rate, pollen diameter, and length of pollen. The experimental results showed that storage temperature affected the three variables observed. The best germination for IPB 6 was indicated by pollen storage at 10 0C (23.1%) while for IPB 9 was indicated by pollen stored at 5 0C (30.7%). The longest pollen tube of IPB 6 after storage for 4 weeks was indicated by pollen stored at -20 0C (63 µm) while for IPB 9, indicated by pollen stored at 10 0C (47.72 µm). The experimental results showed that there was no corellation between pollen diameter and length of pollen tube with pollen germination in papaya pollen of IPB 6 dan IPB 9.</p><p>Key words: diameter pollen, pollen tube, germination, storability</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Percobaan dilakukan untuk mempelajari daya simpan dan daya berkecambah polen pepaya IPB 6 dan IPB 9 yang disimpan pada suhu 5 0C, 10 0C, dan -20 0C dengan waktu penyimpanan 0-4 minggu. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikroteknik dan Laboratorium Biofisik dan Biologi Reproduksi, Institut Pertanian Bogor pada bulan April-Juni 2014. Tiga variabel yang diamati pada percobaan ini adalah daya berkecambah, diameter polen dan panjang polen. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa suhu penyimpanan mempengaruhi ketiga variabel yang diamati. Daya berkecambah terbaik untuk pepaya IPB 6 ditunjukkan oleh polen yang disimpan pada 10 0C (23.1%)sedangkan untuk IPB 9 ditunjukkan oleh polen yang disimpan pada 5 0C (30.7%). Tabung Polen pepaya terpanjang setelah disimpan selama 4 minggu pada IPB 6 ditunjukkan oleh polen yang disimpan pada -20 0C (63 µm) sedangkan untuk IPB 9 ditunjukkan oleh polen yang disimpan pada 10 0C (47.72 µm). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara diameter dan panjang tabung polen dengan daya berkecambah pada polen pepaya IPB 9 dan IPB 6.</p><p>Kata kunci: daya berkecambah, daya simpan, diameter polen, tabung polen</p>
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Rodríguez-Rajo, F. Javier, Mª Victoria Jato i Mª Carmen Seijo. "El polen de Eucalyptus y su incidencia en la atmósfera de Vigo (N.O. España)." Acta Botanica Malacitana 26 (1.12.2001): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v26i0.7403.
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RESUMEN. El polen de Eucalyptus y su incidencia en la atmósfera de Vigo (N.O. España). Eucalyptus globulus Labill. es la especie arbórea de la familia Myrtaceae, más frecuente en los alrededores de la ciudad de Vigo formando abundantes y densas masas forestales. Aunque su polen se considera moderadamente alergénico, en áreas en las que, como consecuencia de repoblación forestal ocupa extensiones importantes, puede llegar a causar problemas alérgicos.Entre los años 1995 y 2000 se ha realizado el estudio aerobiológico en la ciudad de Vigo mediante un captador LANZONI VPPS 2000 situado en la margen derecha de la ría de Vigo (42°14'15"N, 8°43'30"W). La cantidad de granos de polen anual de Myrtaceae varía ampliamente, alternándose años de concentraciones bajas con otros de valores elevados que representan entre un I y un 3% del polen total anual. El valor más elevado se detectó en 1997 con 1.147 granos de polen. Se encuentra en la atmósfera de Vigo durante todo el año, aunque las concentraciones más importantes se producen generalmente durante los meses de marzo y abril. Asimismo, a lo largo del día los máximos de concentración tienen lugar entre las 15 y las 17 horas. Finalmente se ha realizado un análisis estadístico para poner de manifiesto la posible correlación existente entre las concentraciones de polen y los principales parámetros meteorológicos. El viento procedente del N-NE fue el parámetro con el que se obtuvo correlación positiva y significativa de forma constante, mientras que esta fue negativa con la humedad relativa.Palabras clave. Meteorología, Myrtaceae, Polen, Eucalyptus, Vigo.ABSTRACT. The Eucalyptus pollea and its incidence in the atmosphere of Vigo (N. W. Spain). Eucalyptus globulus Labill. is the most frequent arboreal species of the Myrtaceac family in the surroundings of the city of Vigo, and it constitues abundant and dense forestal masses. Although its pollen can be considered as a moderated allergen, in areas in which Eucalyptus was used in extended reafforestations, it can cause allergenic problems.From 1995 to 2000 a Hirst-type volumetric sampler (Hirst, 1952), LANZONI VPPS 2000 placed in the left bank of the Vigo estuary (42°14'15"N, 8°43'30"W) was used for collecting airborne pollen. From year to year important oscillations in the annual total pollen was observed, alternating years of high concentrations with other of lower values. Eucalyptus pollen counts represent a percentage that vary between I% to 3% of the total pollen, the high quantity being collected in 1997 with 1,147 pollen grains. The Myrtaceae pollen appears in the atmosphere of Vigo all over the year, although the more important concentrations are registered during March and April. Moreover, maximum daily concentrations occur between 17.00 and 18.00 hours. Finally, a statistical analysis has been carried out in order to search for the possible correlations between pollen concentration and the main meteorological parameters. The N-NE wind and relative humidity were the parameters that show the highest correlation coefficients, positive and negative respectively.Key words. Meteorology, Myrtaceae, Pollen, Eucalyptus, Vigo.
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Zhou, Ziyu, Hong Zhang, Shibonage K. Mashilingi, Chunting Jie, Baodi Guo, Yi Guo, Xiao Hu i in. "Bombus terrestris Prefer Mixed-Pollen Diets for a Better Colony Performance: A Laboratory Study". Insects 15, nr 4 (17.04.2024): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15040285.
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Pollen is a major source of proteins and lipids for bumblebees. The nutritional content of pollen may differ from source plants, ultimately affecting colony development. This study investigated the foraging preferences of Bombus terrestris in regard to four pollen species, i.e., oilseed rape, wild apricot, sunflower, and buckwheat, under laboratory conditions. The results show that B. terrestris diversified their preference for pollens; the bumblebees mostly preferred wild apricot pollen, whereas sunflower pollen was the least preferred. The colonies fed on a mixed four-pollen diet, with a protein–lipid ratio of 4.55–4.86, exhibited better development in terms of the number of offspring, individual body size and colony weight. The colonies fed with buckwheat and sunflower pollens produced a significantly lower number of workers and failed to produce queen and male offspring. Moreover, wild apricot pollen had the richest protein content (23.9 g/100 g) of the four pollen species, whereas oilseed rape pollen had the highest lipid content (6.7 g/100 g), as revealed by the P:L ratios of wild apricot, sunflower, buckwheat, and oilseed rape, which were 6.76, 5.52, 3.50, and 3.37, respectively. Generally, B. terrestris showed feeding preferences regarding different pollens and a mixture of pollens, which ultimately resulted in differences in colony development. The findings of this study provide important baseline information to researchers and developers of nutritive pollen diets for bumblebees.
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Costa, Paulo Marks de Araújo, Vênia Camelo de Souza, Ivan Sérgio da Silva Oliveira, Vagner Sousa da Costa i Emerson Serafim Barros. "Pollen viability and floral biology of Mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru (DC) (Cactaceae))". Research, Society and Development 9, nr 8 (6.08.2020): e997986671. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6671.
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Pollen fertility is indicated by viability, which influences the reproductive success of plants. Mandacaru is a native tree species with natural distribution in the Caatinga. The objective was to verify the pollen viability, pollen per ovule ratio and the morphological identification of the mandacaru flower (Cereus jamacaru). Ten flower buds were used and one hundred anthers of these buds, which and stained with Alexander dye on checkered glass slide and viable and non-viable pollens were accounted amount of ovule per flower bud was counted the pollen/ovule ratio. Mandacaru presented viability of 99.41% the pollen, with an average of 314,686 pollens on each flower. There were 356 pollens for each ovule, this indicates the species reproductive system for facultative autogamous and facultative xenogamics. The flower is hermaphrodite, with gynoecium measuring an average of 160.9 mm, an average of 883 ovules per flower, the androecium averaging 577 anthers per flower, 545 pollen per anther. Mandacaru has high pollen viability, with large size hermaphrodite flower, with high number of anthers and pollen contained in these anthers.
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Mondal, Swarnaditya, Biswajit Roy i Jnan Bikash Bhandari. "Taxonomic Investigation of Some Members of Fabaceae (Subfamily- Caesalpinioidae) With Special Reference to Pollen Morphology". NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 12, nr 1 (2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2020.v12i01.001.
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Palynology, the study of pollen, had a big role in taxonomic identification, paleontology and forensics. Pollens from different plants had different morphology, such as in Fabaceae. This study aimed to determine the pollen grains morphology in Fabaceae (Subfamily Caesalpinioidae). Pollen morphology of 19 plant species under 7 genera Fabaceae (Subfamily Caesalpinioidae) were examined. Fresh pollen samples were collected from 4 plant species from the North 24 Pgns, 2 plant species from South 24 Pgns, 8 plant species from Kolkata, 2 plant species from Nadia and 3 plant species from Howrah. Pollens were acetolysed following standard method and observed under Compound microscope. Pollen shapes were recorded based on the P/E ratio. In general, all these pollens were small, medium and large size. Parameters measured in this study were the types of pollen sizes, pollen shape, aperture characteristic, and ornamentation type of exine and the most common aperture type was tricolporate. The most important characters included exine ornamentation (exine ornamentation type) and Apocolpium Index.
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Guo, J. J., J. L. Ou, Z. G. Zhao i J. Zeng. "In vitro Competition of Betula alnoides Pollens from Two Types of Habitats in a Heterogeneous Landscape in South China". Silvae Genetica 63, nr 1-6 (1.12.2014): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2014-0017.
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Abstract Pollens of Betula alnoides were collected in its natural forests at two types of sites with soils originated from limestone (Site L) and granite (Site G) in a heterogeneous landscape at Jingxi County, Guangxi in 2010 to 2012 to investigate whether nutritional differences between the sites influenced its pollen competition. In vitro pollen germinations were conducted separately and in pairs for these samples as well as nutrient contents of pollens and soils were measured. There was no significant difference in total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium contents of dried pollen and in efficient ones of aqueous extracts of pollens between two types of sites although the soil nutrient contents were quite different between them, and less remarkable correlation was found between these nutrient contents of soil and pollen. The results of pollen competition of B. alnoides were much diverse among three years, it seemed that pollen-pollen interaction did not depend on site type, and might vary according to genotype and/or combination of genotypes.
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Zhao, Lin-Na, Jian-Qiang Li, Wen-Xiu Cheng, Su-Qin Liu, Zheng-Kai Gao, Xi Xu, Cai-Hua Ye i Huan-Ling You. "Simulation Palynologists for Pollinosis Prevention: A Progressive Learning of Pollen Localization and Classification for Whole Slide Images". Biology 11, nr 12 (16.12.2022): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121841.
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Existing API approaches usually independently leverage detection or classification models to distinguish allergic pollens from Whole Slide Images (WSIs). However, palynologists tend to identify pollen grains in a progressive learning manner instead of the above one-stage straightforward way. They generally focus on two pivotal problems during pollen identification. (1) Localization: where are the pollen grains located? (2) Classification: which categories do these pollen grains belong to? To perfectly mimic the manual observation process of the palynologists, we propose a progressive method integrating pollen localization and classification to achieve allergic pollen identification from WSIs. Specifically, data preprocessing is first used to cut WSIs into specific patches and filter out blank background patches. Subsequently, we present the multi-scale detection model to locate coarse-grained pollen regions (targeting at “pollen localization problem”) and the multi-classifiers combination to determine the fine-grained category of allergic pollens (targeting at “pollen classification problem”). Extensive experimental results have demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed method.
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AROGUNDADE, Oluwabunmi Okerinmola, i Hameedat O. LAWAL. "Palynological Studies of Three Taxa and One F1 Hybrid in the Genus Talinum Adans". Notulae Scientia Biologicae 10, nr 2 (29.06.2018): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb10210214.
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Acetolysed pollen grains of Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn., Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. pink petals, Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. white petals and Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. pink and white petals F1 hybrid were studied in order to document their morphological structures and ascertain features of taxonomic significance among them. All the taxa have generic features which support their classification as a genus as well as distinct features which ascertain their individuality. Generic features include monad pollen unit, acolpate and monocolpate pollen grains as well as circular and ovate pollen shapes. The delimiting features include additional dyads pollen units in T. triangulare white petal and the F1 hybrid of T. triangulare pink and white petals, quadrangular pollen shape in T. paniculatum, bicolpate pollen grain in the F1 hybrid, tricolpate pollens in T. triangulare white petal and T. paniculatum, tetracolpate pollens in T. triangulare pink petal and T. paniculatum and pentacolpate pollen grains in T. paniculatum only. The shape of the pores in T. paniculatum also separated it from the varieties and hybrid of T. triangulare. Based on the pollen size, the pollens of T. paniculatum are Media (25 - 50 µm) while those of the two varieties of T. triangulare and their F1 hybrid are Magna (50 - 100 µm). The taxa of Talinum in this study can be separated based on their palynological features.
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Aswath, VivekC R., N. S. Bhandari i S. Gangola. "SEM-based study for palynological and pollen germination of Lilium longiflorum cv. Pavia". Journal of Applied Horticulture 24, nr 03 (10.03.2023): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i03.53.
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Pollen is the first choice of germplasm curator, geneticist, breeder and physiologist for conservation and crop improvement programs. A pollen palynological attributes and pollen germination study of Lilium longiflorum cv., 'Pavia' was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Various morphological characteristics were studied. The results showed that pollens were much alike in ultra-morphology with elliptical to ellipsoidal shape, reticulate exine and single germination ditch. The pollen viability was tested by the wet room method with 3 dyes; Acetocarmine, TTC, Lugol's iodine and 49.66% pollen viability was recorded with Acetocarmine dye; which suggested acetocarmine stain can be as a quick test method for pollen viability. The pollen germination ability was examined at set intervals, thereby establishing the dynamics of this process for 72 hours. Pollens collected just 1 h after anthesis were recorded with highest germination (85%) compared to pollen harvested before or one day after. The suitable medium for pollen germination was 3% sucrose and 15% PEG that recorded with highest pollen germination (95%) after 72 h of inoculation. Understanding evolutionary ecology and the sterility problem and designing hybridization programmes in cross-breeding necessitates a thorough understanding of pollen morphology and viability. Pollen ultra-morphology traits could be helpful in determining the evolutionary relationship of lilies.
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Afna Mol O. P., Roy Stephen, Viji M. M., Vanaja T., Manju R. V. i Vishnu B. R. "Physiological Assessment of Temperature Stress Tolerance in Selectively Fertilzed Coconut Hybrids". International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, nr 12 (20.12.2023): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i123695.
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In vitro pollen germination study is one of the important technologies for understanding the functions of pollens as well as in many areas of pollen biotechnology particularly in pollen selection. Ability to separate germinated and non-germinated pollen offers selective treatments and can be used for identifying stress tolerant and sensitive alleles carried by their pollen grains. The present study was carried out in Kerasree and Keraganga selectively fertilized (S.F) coconut hybrids produced through pollen selection. Pollens were subjected to germination in specific media maintained at different levels of water stress induced by PEG 6000 and the critical water potential for pollen germination was identified. The water stress tolerant pollen grains at critical level were selected and used for fertilization. Evaluation of temperature stress tolerance of these two selectively fertilized hybrids along with their normal hybrids and west coast tall (WCT) was carried out by assessing their critical temperature stress for pollen germination. Both Kerasree selectively fertilized and Keraganga selectively fertilized hybrids recorded highest critical temperature of 420C for pollen germination with germination percentage of 20.17 and 22.77 respectively compared to their normal hybrids (380C) and WCT (400C).
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Öztürk Çalı, İ. "The effects of fosetyl-Al application on morphology and viability of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. pollen". Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 8 (12.08.2008): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/414-pse.
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In the present study, the effects of fungicide Aliette WG 800 [80% fosetyl-Al (aluminium tris-o-ethyl phosphonate)], widely used against <I>Phytophtora infestans</I> on tomatoes grown in greenhouse in Turkey, were studied on the morphology and viability of tomato (<I>Lycopersicon esculentum</I> Mill.) pollens. The fungicide was applied to tomatoes grown in greenhouse at recommended dosage (200 g/100 l water) and at double the recommended dosage (400 g/100 l water). The fungicide caused changes in the morphological structures of tomato pollens. Some pollen morphological structures that are not observed in the control group were encountered in the pollens in equatorial view and in polar view at 200 g/100 l treated groups. On the other hand, pollen viability level decreased as the dosage increased. Especially, non-viable pollen types such as wrinkled pollen or pollen with abnormal shape were encountered in the fungicide groups. It was expected that the pollen fertility as well as yield would decrease in future.
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Khanamani, Mostafa, Yaghoub Fathipour, Ali Asghar Talebi i Mohammad Mehrabadi. "How pollen supplementary diet affect life table and predation capacity of Neoseiulus californicus on two-spotted spider mite". Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, nr 1 (9.01.2017): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.1.14.
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Supply of alternative food is generally thought to enhance the performance of generalist predatory mites. The effects of three different pollens (maize, date palm, and bee-collected pollen) as supplementary diets on the life table and predation capacity of Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) were determined. Total fecundity on TSSM in the presence of the pollen was significantly higher than those on the pollen alone. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) on TSSM in the presence of the maize pollen (0.1409 day-1) was significantly higher than those on TSSM (as control) and/or the other diets. In addition, N. californicus consumed fewer prey in the presence of the maize pollen than the other pollen types. However, lower prey consumption in the presence of this pollen was compensated by an increase in reproduction and survive. In conclusion, the effectiveness of N. californicus on TSSM in the presence of the maize pollen was superior to the other pollens. However, although the other pollen types had no obvious positive effect on the performance of N. californicus, they might increase long-term persistence of the predator-prey system.
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Anis, Ulfah, Devi Silsia i Rizky Nirmala Kusumaningtyas. "Pengaruh Variasi Pollen Terhadap Karakteristik Kimia Bee pollen". Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri 8, nr 2 (23.12.2021): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34128/jtai.v8i2.143.
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Bee pollen contains high enough nutrition. Bee pollen contains some nutrients such as water, ash, lipid, protein, natural antioxidants, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. The high nutrients on bee pollen causes bee pollen to be widely used by many people as a food additive on some food productions. Bee pollen is widely used as a fortificant and substitute material. Bee pollen as a substitute material on the making of crackers. On snack bar making, bee pollen is used as a fortificant material. Bee pollen as a fortificant is also used on the making of milk to increase its nutrients, especially the polyphenols. One of the factors effecting the nutrient contents of bee pollen is the source of pollen. There are two sources of pollens, multiflora and uniflora. The aim of this experiment is to know the effect of pollen sources on water, ash, lipid, protein and crude fiber content in 3 types of commercial pollen in Indonesia. The result is bee pollen from 3 different plants pollen have a significant difference to proximate content including water, ash, lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and crude fiber.
Keywords: bee pollen, proximate, pollen
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Park, S. K., R. Howden i D. Twell. "The Arabidopsis thaliana gametophytic mutation gemini pollen1 disrupts microspore polarity, division asymmetry and pollen cell fate". Development 125, nr 19 (1.10.1998): 3789–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.19.3789.
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Pollen development and male gametogenesis are critically dependent upon cell polarization leading to a highly asymmetric cell division termed pollen mitosis I. A mutational approach was adopted in Arabidopsis thaliana to identify genes involved these processes. Four independent gemini pollen mutants were isolated which produce divided or twin-celled pollen. The gemini pollen1 mutant was characterized in detail and shown to act gametophytically resulting in reduced transmission through both sexes. gemini pollen1 showed an incompletely penetrant phenotype resulting in equal, unequal and partial divisions at pollen mitosis I. The division planes in gemini pollen1 were shown to be aligned with the polar axis (as in wild type) and evidence was obtained for incomplete nuclear migration, which could account for altered division symmetry. gemini pollen1 also showed division phenotypes consistent with spatial uncoupling of karyokinesis and cytokinesis suggesting that GEMINI POLLEN1 may be required for the localization of phragmoplast activity. Cell fate studies showed that in both equal and unequal divisions a vegetative cell marker gene was activated in both daughter cells. Daughter cells with a range of intermediate or hybrid vegetative/generative cell fates suggests that cell fate is quantitatively related to cell size. The potential mode of action of GEMINI POLLEN1 and its effects on cell fate are discussed in relation to proposed models of microspore polarity and cell fate determination.
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DANIEL, I. O., N. Q. NG, T. O. TAYO i A. O. TOGUN. "Wet–cold preservation of West African yam (Dioscorea spp.) pollen". Journal of Agricultural Science 138, nr 1 (luty 2002): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859601001708.
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Hermetic cold storage without previous drying (wet–cold storage) was experimented for the preservation of yam pollen grains. Pollens collected from white yam D. rotundata and a wild relative, D. praehensilis, were stored at −80, −20, 5, and 15 °C in sealed packs for 2 years. Pollen samples were drawn for in vitro germination tests after 100 and 700 days, and hand pollination was conducted after 365 and 730 days in storage. Pollen germination responses were not significantly different among the two species. Though pollen maintained germination capacity at all the storage temperature regimes, there was a significant loss in the viability of pollen stored at 5 and 15 °C after 100 days of storage. After 700 days in storage, pollens stored at 5 and 15 °C had lost germination capacity while there were no significant differences in the germination of fresh pollen and pollen frozen at −80 and −20 °C. Hand pollination with pollen of D. rotundata frozen at −80 °C for 365 days gave 69·5% fruit set and 50% fruit set after 730 days in storage. From these results, the wet–freeze procedure appears promising to execute the establishment of pollen gene banks for yam breeding and for conservation of haploid gene pool of yams in base collections. A pollen storage protocol based on the procedure is recommended.
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Chang, Hongcai, Guiling Ding, Guangqun Jia, Mao Feng i Jiaxing Huang. "Hemolymph Metabolism Analysis of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Response to Different Bee Pollens". Insects 14, nr 1 (30.12.2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14010037.
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Pollen is essential to the development of honey bees. The nutrients in bee pollen vary greatly among plant species. Here, we analyzed the differences in the amino acid compositions of pear (Pyrus bretschneideri), rape (Brassica napus), and apricot (Armeniaca sibirica) pollens and investigated the variation in hemolymph metabolites and metabolic pathways through untargeted metabolomics in caged adult bees at days 7 and 14. The results showed that the levels of five essential amino acids (isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, methionine, and histidine) were the highest in pear pollen, and the levels of four amino acids (isoleucine: 50.75 ± 1.93 mg/kg, phenylalanine: 87.25 ± 2.66 mg/kg, methionine: 16.00 ± 0.71 mg/kg and histidine: 647.50 ± 24.80 mg/kg) were significantly higher in pear pollen than in the other two kinds of bee pollen (p < 0.05). The number of metabolites in bee hemolymph on day 14 (615) was significantly lower than that on day 7 (1466). The key metabolic pathways of bees, namely, “sphingolipid metabolism (p = 0.0091)”, “tryptophan metabolism (p = 0.0245)”, and “cysteine and methionine metabolism (p = 0.0277)”, were significantly affected on day 7. There was no meaningful pathway enrichment on day 14. In conclusion, pear pollen had higher nutritional value among the three bee pollens in terms of amino acid level, followed by rape and apricot pollen, and the difference in amino acid composition among bee pollens was reflected in the lipid and amino acid metabolism pathways of early adult honey bee hemolymph. This study provides new insights into the physiological and metabolic functions of different bee pollens in bees.
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Baroliya, Hinal, Jay Pandya i Shailesh Mehta. "POLLEN STRUCTURE IN SELECTED SPECIES OF MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMASINHJI BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY, BHAVNAGAR DISTRICT, GUJARAT STATE, INDIA". International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest 1, nr 2 (5.10.2022): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.56588/iabcd.v1i2.49.
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Palynology, scientific discipline concerned with the study of plant pollen. Pollens are male reproductive cells in plants, very tiny grains produced by the stamens of flower. Pollen represents the land flora and can be used in many different disciplines. Pollen can be used to determine pollination mechanisms, therapeutic activity and source zone of pollinators. The present investigation deals with the study of pollen taxa of Twenty (20) species of Maharaja Krishnakumasinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, and Gujarat, India. These pollen taxa belong to seventeen (17) different families. The pollen of these families has diversity in morphological characters viz, shape, attachment of filament, type of pollen and ornamentation. This study provides Palynological data of pollen taxa, which will helpful in future
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Aleksic, Ivana, Olga Vuckovic, Katarina Smiljanic, Marija Gavrovic-Jankulovic, Vera Krsmanovic i Lidija Burazer. "The importance of cross-reactivity in grass pollen allergy". Archives of Biological Sciences 66, nr 3 (2014): 1149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1403149a.
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According to the data obtained from in vivo and in vitro testing in Serbia, a significant number of patients have allergic symptoms caused by grass pollen. We examined the protein composition of grass pollens (Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne and Phleum pratense) and cross-reactivity in patients allergic to grass pollen from our region. The grass pollen allergen extract was characterized by SDS-PAGE, while cross-reactivity of single grass pollens was revealed by immunoblot analysis. A high degree of cross-reactivity was demonstrated for all three single pollens in the sera of allergic patients compared to the grass pollen extract mixture. Confirmation of the existence of cross-reactivity between different antigenic sources facilitates the use of monovalent vaccines, which are easier to standardize and at the same time prevent further sensitization of patients and reduces adverse reactions.
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Rezaie, Maryam, i Fatomhe Montazerie. "Influence of Feeding with different Plant Pollens on Prey- Stage Preference and Predation Rate of Neoseiulus Californicus (Mcgregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae)". International Journal of Entomological Research 6, nr 1 (27.06.2018): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/entomol.006.01.2328.
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Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an effective predator in greenhouses which feeds on plant injurious mites. Searching capacity is one of importance in the effectiveness of this predatory mite. In this research, the population fed with corn pollen, walnut and date pollen and the spider mite (four strains) were investigated. The prey-stage preference of N. californicus was studied on different developmental stages of Tetranychus urticae. The predation rate of rearing population of N. californicus was determined; it was used eggs of T. urticae. Experiments were carried out on strawberry disc in Petri dish (6 cm diameter) under laboratory conditions (27±1ºC temperature, 70±5% RH and 16L: 8D photoperiod). After 24 hours, the total numbers of prey consumed were counted. The predatory mites reared on different pollens prefer eggs or nymphs to adults and the Preference Index of different strains was not different. Result of consumed of spider mites by female predatory mites indicated the predation rate of the predatory mites fed with corn pollen (9±1.46), walnut pollen (8.19±0.99) and Date pollen (8.28±0.80) did not any significant difference, however when spider mites and the mentioned pollens were used, the predation rate of predatory mites when fed with T. urticae (14.74±0.94), Walnut (15.24±1.05) and date pollen (14.17±1.04) show significant difference with the population of corn pollen (10.0±0.95). The predation rate of four strains decreased at present of plant pollens. Use of the predatory mite fed with the different developmental stage of two-spotted spider mite and pollen in the biological control of the pests is useful.
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Rodríguez-Rajo, F. Javier, M. Victoria Jato i M. Jesús Aira. "El polen de Poaceae en la atmósfera de Lugo y su relación con los parámetros meteorológicos (1999-2001)." Acta Botanica Malacitana 27 (1.12.2002): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v27i0.7308.
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RESUMEN. El polen de Poaceae en la atmósfera de Lugo y su relación con los parámetros meteorológicos (1999-2001). Se han estudiado las concentraciones de polen de Poaceae presente en la atmósfera de la ciudad de Lugo durante 3 años (1999-2001). Para ello se ha utilizado un captador volumétrico tipo Hirst, modelo Lanzoni VPPS-2000. El polen de Poaceae es el más abundante y su porcentaje frente al total de polen anual es de un 38-40%. La cantidad total de polen anual es de 8.400 granos como resultado de la media de los tres años de estudio, con un período de polinización durante los meses de Junio y Julio. A lo largo del día los máximos de concentración tienen lugar durante la tarde. Se ha realizado un análisis de correlación con los principales parámetros meteorológicos, siendo la temperatura máxima la variable que presentó el coeficiente más elevado. La suma acumulada de la temperatura máxima y la regresión múltiple integrando la temperatura máxima y las concentraciones de polen del día anterior como estimadores, resultaron métodos válidos y complementarios para realizar la predicción del inicio del periodo de polinización y de las concentraciones medias diarias que se alcanzan durante el periodo de polinización principal respectivamente.Palabras clave. Polen, Lugo, Meteorología, Predicción, lntradiario, Poaceae.ABSTRACT. The Poaceae pollen in the atmosphere of Lugo and its relationship with meteorological parameters ( 1999-2001). The pollen concentrations of Poaceae in the atmosphere of the city of Lugo has been studied during 3 years (1999-2001). A volumetric sampler type Hirst, model Lanzoni VPPS-2000 has been used. The Poaceae pollen is the most abundant and its percentage with respect to the total annual pollen ranged from 38-40 %. The annual total quantity of pollen of Poaceae were 8.400 grains as average of the three years studied, with a period of pollination during the months of June and July. The daily maximum concentrations take place during the evening. An analysis of correlation has been carried out between pollen concentrations and the main meteorological parameters, the maximum temperature being the variable that presented the highest coefficient value. The sum of maximum temperatures and the multiple regression integrating maximum temperature and pollen concentrations of the previous day as predictors, were successful and complementary methods in order to predict the beginning of the pollination period and the daily mean concentrations reached during the main pollen season respectively.Key words. Pollen, Lugo, Meteorology, Prediction, Intradiurnal, Poaceae.
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Sugita, Yuri, Teruhiko Makino, Megumi Mizawa i Tadamichi Shimizu. "Mugwort-Mustard Allergy Syndrome due to Broccoli Consumption". Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8413767.
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Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a relatively rare form of food allergy which develops in individuals who are sensitized to pollen. Tree pollens, especially birch pollen, frequently induce PFAS; however, the incidence of PFAS due to grass or weed pollens such as ragweed or mugwort is relatively rare. Mugwort-mustard allergy syndrome (MMAS) is an example of a PFAS in which individuals sensitized to mugwort may develop an allergy to mustard and experience severe reactions. We herein describe a case of MMAS due to broccoli consumption.
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Polhaupessy, A. A. "PALYNOLOGY OF TÖGI NDRAWA CAVE,COASTAL AREA OF NIAS ISLAND, NORTH SUMATERA". BULLETIN OF THE MARINE GEOLOGY 24, nr 2 (15.02.2016): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/bomg.24.2.2009.19.
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Environmental study of the Tögi Ndrawa Cave by means of pollen analysis has been carried out. The interpretation is made based on the occurring pollen types as guide, the resulted pollen spectra, and curves exhibited in the pollen diagram. Combined evidences obtained from the palynological, geological and archaeologi cal studies provide the basis for the interpretation of plant ecology of shore and further the vegetational history of the marine area. In the meantime, plant ecology itself is concerned not only with plant communities but also the interaction among the plants involved, and their environmental factors.
Keyword: Environmental, Pollen Analysis, Tögi Ndrawa Cave
Studi lingkungan GuaTögi Ndrawa, Pulau Nias, telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis polen. Interpretasi ini berdasarkan hadirnya jenis polen sebagai petunjuk dalam membentuk diagram polen. Hasil studi palinologi, geologi dan arkeologi telah menghasilkan interpretasi dasar mengenai ekologi tumbuhan pantai kemudian sejarah tumbuhan yang pernah tumbuh didaerah laut dangkal. Pada zaman ini, ekologi tumbuhan tidak hanya tergantung komunitas tumbuhan tetapi justru tergantung pada interaksi diantara komunitas tumbuhan dan faktor lingkungannya.
Kata Kunci: Lingkungan, Analisis polen, Gua Tögi Ndrawa
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BHOWMIK, Somnath, i Badal Kumar DATTA. "Pollen Dimorphism of Several Members of Nymphaeaceae and Nelumbonaceae: An Index of Geographical and Ecological Variation". Notulae Scientia Biologicae 4, nr 3 (30.08.2012): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb437689.
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Pollen morphology of five Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae) species, growing in Tripura, India were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Pollen grains of Nymphaea are dimorphic (ellipsoidal and spheroidal). The exine pattern also varies among the species. The variation as reported in the present study in terms of exine pattern of the studied species suggests the feasibility of applying the data in the identification of the genus of Nymphaea. The difference in exine patterns with the earlier reports may be interpreted as reflections of genetic variations possibly due to mutational changes effected by ecological conditions. The present pollen dimorphism may be attributed by introgression of populations. The variability in pollen morphology, including size variation and morphological differences, is often associated with hybrids among angiosperm groups. The examinations of percentages of aborted grains, generally considered a good indicator of hybridity. The occurrence of monosulcate pollens in Nelumbo nucifera along with dominant tricolpate pollens may be considered as aberrant pollens because of very low percentage of occurrence of monosulcate pollens. The ecological and geographical variations in pollen morphology could be an index of the genetic impact of the environment on the plant. Thus the present difference in terms of exine pattern could be useful to separate them at varietal level.
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Lakshmi K, Geetha, P. M. Mathew, Rogimon P. Thomas i Chandralekha C.T. "Studies on size, sterility and germination of pollen grains of certain members of the family Malvaceae". Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.025.
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The present study attempted to evaluate the pollen size, percentage of sterility using acetocarmine, percentage of germination in sucrose medium among the members of the family Malvaceae like Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Sida rhombifolia L., Urena lobata L. Hibiscus furcatus Roxb. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. and Gossypium arboreum L. Regarding the size pollen grains of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis showed largest pollen. The smallest pollen grains belong to Urena lobata, L. The pollen sterility using acetocarmine indicated that the pollens of Hibiscus furcatus were completely fertile, while Sida rhombifolia showed highest amount of sterility. The germination of pollen grain in sucrose medium indicated that the pollen grain of all the members studied showed poor germination.
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Suedy, Sri Widodo Agung, i Ni Putu Tasya Savitri. "Melisopalinologi Madu dari Temanggung". Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi 9, nr 1 (30.05.2024): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/baf.9.1.2024.93-101.
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Melisopalinologi adalah studi terkait kandungan polen dalam madu, yang dapat menunjukkan karakteristik tumbuhan sumber pakan lebah, serta fitogeografinya sekitar sarang lebah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis polen dalam madu dari lima daerah di Temanggung, guna mengetahui keanekaragaman tumbuhan pakan lebah dan karakteristik madunya. Sampel madu diambil secara purposive sampling dari 5 daerah di Temangung, kemudian dianalisis untuk identifikasi polen menggunakan teknik asetolisis. Telah teridentifikasi sebanyak 1855 butir polen yang terdiri dari 14 tipe polen, dimana 7 tipe teridentifikasi sampai tingkat famili, 2 tipe sampai tingkat genus, dan 5 tipe sampai tingkat spesies. Persentase polen tipe famili Euporbiaceae mencapai 27,33%, Ceiba petandra (20,27%), Imperata sp. (14,82%), Zea mays (14,23%), dan tipe lain dibawah 10%. Berdasarkan dominasi polen tertentu, madu dapat dikelompokkan sebagai madu monoflora (madu dari Medari, Kentengsari dan Nglorog), biflora (madu dari Kwandungan Jurang), dan multiflora (madu dari Rejosari). Nilai indeks keanekaragaman hayati Shannon (H’), indeks dominansi, dan indeks kemerataan tumbuhan pakan lebah di Temanggung termasuk kategori sedang. Melisopalinology is the study of pollen content in honey, which can indicate the characteristics of bee forage plants, as well as the phytogeography around beehives. This study aims to analyze the pollen in honey from five areas in Temanggung, to determine the diversity of bee forage plants and honey characteristics. Honey samples were taken by purposive sampling in 5 areas in Temangung, then analyzed for pollen identification using acetolysis techniques. A total of 1855 pollen grains consisting of 14 types of pollen were identified, of which 7 types were identified to the family level, 2 types to the genus level, and 5 types to the species level. The percentage of pollen types of the Euporbiaceae family reached 27.33%, Ceiba petandra (20.27%), Imperata sp. (14.82%), Zea mays (14.23%), and other types below 10%. Based on the dominance of certain pollen, honey can be grouped as monoflora (honey from Medari, Kentengsari and Nglorog), biflora (honey from Kwandungan Jurang), and multiflora (honey from Rejosari). The value of Shannon's biodiversity index (H'), dominance index, and evenness index of bee forage plants in Temanggung is categorized as moderate..
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Minić, Rajna, Mirjana Josipović, Vesna Tomić Spirić, Marija Gavrović-Jankulović, Aleksandra Perić Popadić, Ivana Prokopijević, Ana Ljubičić, Danijela Stamenković i Lidija Burazer. "Impact of Tree Pollen Distribution on Allergic Diseases in Serbia: Evidence of Implementation of Allergen Immunotherapy to Betula verrucosa". Medicina 56, nr 2 (4.02.2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020059.
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Background and objectives: The relationship between air pollen quantity and the sensitization of allergic patients is crucial for both the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases. Weather conditions influence the distribution of allergenic pollen and increases in pollen concentration may negatively affect the health of allergic patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the implementation of allergen immunotherapy with regard to air pollen concentration. Material and Methods: Here we examined the relationship between Betula air pollen concentration and the usage of Betula verrucosa allergen immunotherapy in Serbia. Examination covered the period from 2015 to 2018. Measurement of airborne pollen concentration was performed with Lanzoni volumetric pollen traps. The evidence of the usage of sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) was gathered from patients with documented sensitization to specific pollen. Results: During this period tree pollens were represented with 58% ± 21% of all measured air pollen species, while Betula pollen represented 15% ± 8% of all tree pollens. Betula pollination peaked in April. Allergen immunotherapy to Betula verrucosa in Serbia is entirely conducted as sublingual immunotherapy and represents 47.1% ± 1.4% of issued tree pollen SLIT. The use of pollen SLIT increased by 68% from 2015 to 2018, with an even greater increase in usage recorded for Betula SLIT—80%. Conclusions: This analysis shows a clear causative relationship between pollination and the type/prevalence of applied allergen immunotherapy. Information about the flowering seasons of allergenic plants is very important for people who suffer from allergy, for clinical allergologists, as well as for governing authorities. The presented data is of practical importance to the proper timing of immunotherapy initiation and of importance for urban landscaping. The obtained data can be the starting point for the instatement of a thorough epidemiological study and the inclusion of Serbia on the pollen map of Europe.
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Somerville, D. C., i H. I. Nicol. "Crude protein and amino acid composition of honey bee-collected pollen pellets from south-east Australia and a note on laboratory disparity". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, nr 1 (2006): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03188.
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Pollen pellets collected from honey bees foraging at 62 floral species were analysed for protein and amino acid content and their value for honey bee nutrition was determined. The crude protein levels of all pollen pellets analysed ranged from 9.2% for Hypochoeris radicata (flatweed) to 37.4% for Echium plantagineum (Paterson’s curse) with a mean of 25.9%. Pollen pellets from 15 species were identified as providing protein levels below those acknowledged to satisfy honey bee dietary requirements when they are the only source of pollen available to the honey bee colony. Pollens collected from species of the same genus demonstrated similar protein profiles. Isoleucine was deficient in 38% of the pollens with 69% of eucalypts and related species demonstrating a significant isoleucine deficiency.
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Özcan, Mehmet M., Fahad Aljuhaimi, Elfadıl E. Babiker, Nurhan Uslu, Durmuş Ali Ceylan, Kashif Ghafoor, Mustafa Mete Özcan i in. "Determination of Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Compound, Mineral Contents and Fatty Acid Compositions of Bee Pollen Grains Collected from Different Locations". Journal of Apicultural Science 63, nr 1 (1.06.2019): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2019-0004.
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AbstractThe objective of the present work was to investigate the influence of locations on bioactive propertiest, phenolic compounds and mineral contents of bee pollens. The oil content of pollen grains changed between 3.50% (Alanya) and 6.85% (Russia-Perm Region). The highest total phenolic content (720 mg/100g) and antioxidant activity values (81.4%) were observed in pollens obtained from the Russia-Perm Region and Alanya districts, respectively. Additionally, the highest carotenoid was found in a pollen sample collected from Karaman (Sarıveliler) (98.6 mg/g). The major phenolic compounds were (+)-catechin (66.75-337.39 mg/100g) and quercetin (61.2-1221.7 mg/100g) in all pollen samples. The pollen samples were observed to be a significant source of potassium (3846-6287 mg/kg), phosphorus (2947-5010 mg/kg), calcium (1022-2424 mg/kg) and sulfur (1744-2397 mg/kg). All of the analysis results were significantly affected by supplying locations. The antioxidant activity values of pollens were found partly similar and varied depending on locations. The content of saturated fatty acid (palmitic) was high (20-30%) in the tested pollen samples but did not exceed the content of linoleic acid.
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Bleha, Roman, Tatiana Shevtsova, Andrej Sinica, Vojtech Kruzik i Jan Brindza. "Morphology, physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of bee pollens". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 37, No. 1 (6.03.2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/139/2018-cjfs.
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Six supposedly unifloral bee pollens of various botanical origins were characterised by morphometry, SEM, CIE L*a*b* colour parameters and FTIR spectroscopy. Botanical origin and homogeneity of bee pollens were verified by colour and morphology of pollen grains. Water activity, moisture and antioxidant capacity of bee pollens were also evaluated. The results were discussed in terms of connection between botanical origin, composition and antioxidant properties of pollen materials.
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Rathnayake, Chathurika M., Nervana Metwali, Thilina Jayarathne, Josh Kettler, Yuefan Huang, Peter S. Thorne, Patrick T. O'Shaughnessy i Elizabeth A. Stone. "Influence of rain on the abundance of bioaerosols in fine and coarse particles". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, nr 3 (16.02.2017): 2459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2459-2017.
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Abstract. Assessing the environmental, health, and climate impacts of bioaerosols requires knowledge of their size and abundance. These two properties were assessed through daily measurements of chemical tracers for pollens (sucrose, fructose, and glucose), fungal spores (mannitol and glucans), and Gram-negative bacterial endotoxins in two particulate matter (PM) size modes: fine particles (< 2.5 µm) and coarse particles (2.5–10 µm) as determined by their aerodynamic diameter. Measurements were made during the spring tree pollen season (mid-April to early May) and late summer ragweed season (late August to early September) in the Midwestern US in 2013. Under dry conditions, pollen, and fungal spore tracers were primarily in coarse PM (> 75 %), as expected for particles greater than 2.5 µm. Rainfall on 2 May corresponded to maximum atmospheric pollen tracer levels and a redistribution of pollen tracers to the fine PM fraction (> 80 %). Both changes were attributed to the osmotic rupture of pollen grains that led to the suspension of fine-sized pollen fragments. Fungal spore tracers peaked in concentration following spring rain events and decreased in particle size, but to a lesser extent than pollens. A short, heavy thunderstorm in late summer corresponded to an increase in endotoxin and glucose levels, with a simultaneous shift to smaller particle sizes. Simultaneous increase in bioaerosol levels and decrease in their size have significant implications for population exposures to bioaerosols, particularly during rain events. Chemical mass balance (CMB) source apportionment modeling and regionally specific pollen profiles were used to apportion PM mass to pollens and fungal spores. Springtime pollen contributions to the mass of particles < 10 µm (PM10) ranged from 0.04 to 0.8 µg m−3 (0.2–38 %, averaging 4 %), with maxima occurring on rainy days. Fungal spore contributions to PM10 mass ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 µg m−3 (0.8–17 %, averaging 5 %), with maxima occurring after rain. Overall, this study defines changes to the fine- and coarse-mode distribution of PM, pollens, fungal spores, and endotoxins in response to rain in the Midwestern United States and advances the ability to apportion PM mass to pollens.
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Audu, M. A. I., O. A. Falusi, M. L. Muhammad, O. A. Y. Daudu i A. Abubakar. "Pollen Viability and Germinability of Gamma Irradiated M4 Lines of Sesame". BADEGGI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENT 3, nr 2 (czerwiec 2021): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35849/bjare202102002.
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Pollen viability and germinability are indispensable criteria in plant breeding programmes. This research evaluated eleven M4 mutant lines of gamma irradiated sesame (Sesamum indicum) for some pollen parameters. Seeds were obtained from the Department of Plant Biology, Federal University of Technology, Minna and were raised to maturity alongside their respective checks in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Upper Niger River Basin Development Authority, Minna. Pollen viability and diameter were determined using standard procedure. The germinability test was done using three different sucrose concentrations (10 %, 20 % and 30 %) with 1 % nutrient agar solution. The results revealed that all the M4 mutant lines had adequate pollen viabilities (over 80%) with ML-10 having the highest (97.56 %) viability followed by ML-7 (95.61 %), ML-8 (95.01 %) and Check-2 (95.60 %). The highest pollen germinability was recorded at 20 % sucrose concentration for all the mutant lines with line ML-7 (39.70 %) having the highest percentage. Check-1 at 10 % sucrose concentration recorded the least percentage (11.46 %) across the concentration and treatments. Highest pollen diameter (169.52μm) was recorded in Check-1. Suboblate shapes with 10-13 colpi was observed in all the mutant lines and the checks. Pollens from all the lines comprised of circular and elliptic pollens except in ML-7 and the checks where the pollens were solely circular in polar view. The study revealed that gamma-irradiation could be a reasonable tool for inducing variability in sesame and advantageous in increasing the pollen viability.
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Lai, Hang Gui, Xia Chen, Zheng Chen, Ya Qiu Zhou, Wen Jun Ou, Kai Mian Li, Jian Qiu Ye i Song Bi Chen. "In Situ Pollen Germination and Artificial Pollination Compatibility in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)". Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (wrzesień 2014): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.245.
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Cassava cultivars are self-compatible, sufficient pollination and fertilization are important factors affecting the rate of fruit set and fruit quality, but the effects of compatible pollination relationships on cassava pollen development and fruit set are poorly understood. In the present study, in situ pollen germination and compatible relationship were investigated by using self-pollination and cross-pollination between two cassava cultivars (SC5 and SC7). The observation in situ pollen germination was carried out with toluidine blue staining method under the fluorescence microscope. The result shows that after self-pollination for 20 min, the pollens, released from SC5 anthers, started to produce pollen tubes and the maximum germination rate (GR) was 39.2%. It cost 60 min for the pollen tubes carrying sperm cells to penetrate through the pistil extracellular matrices of the transmitting tract to the ovary. However, after cross-pollination for 10 min, the pollens started to germinate and maximum GR was 66.8%. It took 30 min for the pollen tube trip to reach ovary. Additionally, the analysis of fruit set indicated that pollination compatibility in cross-pollination was significantly higher than that in self-pollination. This work provided cassava cross breeding a clue that foreign pollen may facilitate fertilization and increase fruit set.
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Munir, Muhammad. "An appraisal of pollen germination and viability of varied male pollen sources of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)". Journal of Applied Horticulture 23, nr 03 (25.12.2021): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37855/jah.2021.v23i03.45.
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Date palm is a dioecious fruit tree that permits cross pollination for fruit setting. The germination of viable pollens to fertilize ovule is influenced by environmental cues such as temperature. The germination and viability of pollen grains collected for pollination purpose also varied with the male pollinizer source and the male spathe opening time. An in vitro study performed to determine the percentage of pollen germination at different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) and germination times (4, 8, 12, and 24 h) taken from different male sources and toidentify any variations in the germination and viability of pollen grains collected from spathes opened at different dates (20th February, 1st and 10th March). Pollens from different male sources showed a significant difference regarding germination percentage when incubated at different temperatures and for different germination times. Pollens incubated at 30 (81.07%) and 25°C (78.17%) had the highest germination percentage which decreased to 51.04, 16.23, and 5.90% when incubation temperature dropped to 20, 15, and 10 °C, respectively. Similarly, 71.11% pollens were germinated after 4 h of incubation at 30°C, which was decreased to 63.26 and 25.40% when incubation temperature decreased to 25 and 20°C, respectively after same time interval. Pollen germination and viability were significantly differed when they were collected from spathes opened at three different dates. Early opened spathes had lowest germination (57.58%) and viability percentages (81.19%) than the middle (81.11 and 91.53%) or late (80.71% and 93.05%) opening spathes. It is therefore, concluded that the optimum temperature for date palm pollen grains germination is 25-30°C and at these temperatures maximum pollens germinated within 4 h. Moreover, pollen grains from early opened spathes were less superior compared to the middle or late opening ones.
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Khakhlary, D., i A. Rana. "Characterization of chemical composition of ethanolic extract of bee pollen in India". Journal of Environmental Biology 44, nr 6 (1.11.2023): 811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/6/5148.
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Aim: Bee pollen is a mixture of pollen/male gametophyte of flowers, nectar/sweet liquid substance from flowers and salivary secretions of bees. It comprises a huge diversity of compounds which are thought to work together for medicinal purpose. The present study was undertaken to assess the bioactive components of bee pollens responsible for therapeutic properties. Methodology: The volatile chemicals compounds found in ethanolic extracts of Apis mellifera pollen were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: The observations revealed the presence of hydrocarbons, sugars and their derivatives, fatty acids, glycosides, alcohol, esters, aldehyde and carbamate. Interpretation: Present findings authenticate huge chemical diversity and hence, further study on pollens is required due to its broad spectrum of potential medicinal and nutritional activities. Key words: G-C mass spectrometry, Bee pollen, Bioactive compounds
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Du, Xiaohua. "Pollen Ultra-Morphology and Pollen Viability Test of Lilium Oriental Hybrids". International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 20, nr 08 (1.08.2020): 1903–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0753.
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Ultra-morphology and pollen viability assessment are essential to understand evolutionary ecology and sterility problem, and to design hybridization program in cross-breeding. The pollen ultra-morphology of two Lilium Oriental hybrid cultivars, „Sorbonne‟ and „Siberia‟ were observed using scanning electron microscope. And the pollen germination condition in vitro and four dye tests methods for pollen viability were determined. The results showed that pollens of two Lilium Oriental hybrid cultivars were much alike in ultra-morphology with ellipsoidal shape, reticulate surface decoration and single germination ditch, indicating a close genetic relationship between two cultivars. The suitable medium for pollen germination of two cultivars composed of 10% sucrose, 0.1% boric acid and 0.5% agar. The pollen germination percent reached the highest at 25oC. Although I2-KI stain, TTC stain and peroxidase precipitation methods were not suitable for lily pollen viability test, the pollen viability tested by acetocarmine method were close to that by in vitro pollen germination at suitable condition, which suggested acetocarmine stain can be as a quick test method for pollen viability of Lilium Oriental hybrids. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers
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Jeong, Na-Ra, i Ki-Young Park. "Rose Pollen Management Methods to Improve Productivity". Agronomy 12, nr 6 (27.05.2022): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12061285.
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Roses are one of the most highly produced and purchased ornamental plants worldwide. Procurement and preservation of pollen is essential for the production of diverse rose varieties. In this study, we analyzed pollen management conditions, such as the pollen collection stage, drying time, and storage temperature, to determine optimal conditions for rose pollen management. Pollens were stored under different conditions and the pollen vitality and germination rate were investigated through an optical microscope. The vitality of pollen was an essential factor for rose breeding and depended on the storage conditions. Collecting pollen in the seventh flowering stage resulted in a relatively higher pollen yield. Drying the flower for 5 h after the anther opened improved pollen germination. The germination rate of freshly collected pollen was similar to that of pollen stored at temperatures between −20 °C and −72 °C for up to 30 days, indicating the efficacy of pollen storage at sub-zero temperatures. Since the rate of fruiting increases when pollination is performed three times, considering the time and cost of breeding, it is appropriate to pollinate three times to increase the number of seeds. This study provides an efficient pollen management method to collect and store pollen for breeding.
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Tung, Nguyen Duc, Anh The Than, Wim Jonckheere, Viet Ha Nguyen, Thomas Van Leeuwen i Patrick De Clercq. "Life tables and feeding habits of Proprioseiopsis lenis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and implications for its biological control potential in Southeast Asia". Systematic and Applied Acarology 24, nr 5 (14.05.2019): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.24.5.9.
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Development, survival and reproduction of Proprioseiopsis lenis (Corpuz and Rimando) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a predatory mite distributed in parts of Southeast Asia, were assessed on different foods. These included four pollens (Typha latifolia, Luffa aegyptiaca, Zea mays, Ricinus communis), the natural prey Tetranychus urticae (mixed stages) and Frankliniella occidentalis (first-second instars), and the storage mite Carpoglyphus lactis (mixed stages) as a factitious prey. The total immature developmental time of females fed at 27 °C on T. latifolia pollen (4.1 days) or C. lactis (4.0 days) was significantly shorter than that of those offered Z. mays pollen (5.3 days), R. communis pollen (6.7 days) or T. urticae (4.3 days). Nearly 60% of the predators fed on R. communis pollen died in the immature stages and adult females failed to produce eggs. The daily oviposition rate of P. lenis reared on C. lactis (2.9 eggs/female/day), T. latifolia pollen (2.7 eggs/female/day) and F. occidentalis (2.6 eggs/female/day) was significantly higher than that of females maintained on the other diets. Total fecundity of females offered C. lactis (37.3 eggs/female) was highest, followed by F. occidentalis (26.5 eggs/female), T. urticae, L. aegyptiaca pollen, and T. latifolia pollen and was lowest on Z. mays pollen (7.4 eggs/female). The intrinsic rates of increase (rm) were highest on C. lactis (0.293), T. latifolia pollen (0.285) and T. urticae (0.283), followed by F. occidentalis (0.260) and L. aegyptiaca pollen (0.233) and were lowest on Z. mays pollen (0.115). Our findings suggest that P. lenis may have potential as a natural enemy to be used in augmentative biological control of spider mites and thrips in Southeast Asian greenhouse or field crops. The predator can be reared on the storage mite C. lactis and can also survive on several pollens in case prey is scarce or absent in the crop.
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D’Ávila, V. A., E. L. Aguiar-Menezes, V. Gonçalves-Esteves, C. B. F. Mendonça, R. N. Pereira i T. M. Santos. "Morphological characterization of pollens from three Apiaceae species and their ingestion by twelve-spotted lady beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)". Brazilian Journal of Biology 76, nr 3 (19.04.2016): 796–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.07615.
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Abstract Larvae and adults of certain species of predator lady beetles feed on pollen, guaranteeing their survival, and at times, reproduction in the absence of preferred prey. Palynology, therefore, may contribute in the investigation of botanical families visited by these predators in order to obtain this floral resource. There are records of the visitation of Apiaceae flowers by Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer, 1775 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), but not the ingestion of their pollen grains by this lady beetle. The external morphology of pollen grains of three Apiaceae aromatic species (Anethum graveolens L., Coriandrum sativum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) was characterized, and it was evaluated the ingestion of these pollens by fourth instar larvae and adults of C. maculata upon confinement along with flowers of these Apiaceae for 24 and 48 hours. The pollen grains of those species presented similar external morphology. In the two times of exposure, the larvae ingested the same amount of pollen from the three Apiaceae species, and the amount of C. sativum pollen ingested was the same between larvae and adults. The amount of A. graveolens pollen grains ingested by the adults was significantly greater than the pollens of C. sativum and F. vulgare, in 24 hours, with the opposite occurring in 48 hours. In the first 24 hours, the adults ingested more A. graveolens pollen than the larvae, with the opposite occurring with F. vulgare. There was no significant difference in the amount of Apiaceae pollen ingested between larvae and adults in 48 hours. The results suggest that the pollen-eating habits of certain aphidophagous lady beetles may be crucial in their preservation within agro-ecosystems.
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Kim*, Wol-Soo, i Sang-Hyun Lee. "Pollen Germination Potential Influences by Carbohydrates and Proteins in Pollen Grains of Asian Pear". HortScience 39, nr 4 (lipiec 2004): 762A—762. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.762a.
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In order to investigate the cause of differences of mature pollen in Asian pear (Pyrus phyfolia) that are collected from various sources for the artificial pollination, various factors were measured as below: the composition of nonstructural carbohydrate in bud at 30 days after full bloom, the contents of crude protein in skin, cytosol and membrane, and the affinity for lectin (CON-A: Concanavalin, type III A) of glycoprotein in cytosol of pollen were measured. Contents of sucrose and glucose in buds influenced pollen germination rate and pollen tube growth, respectively. Therefore, soluble types of carbohydrates stored in bud were regarded as influencing on pollen germination rate and pollen tube growth. Pollen, which showed low activity, had low affinity on CON-A, lectin of glycoprotein, because it had fragile membrane, proteins in cells were denatured to pollen surface and certain enzymes concerned in pollen germination lost stability and activity. Pollens that showed high activity contained 92 kDa protein while others not. This was assumed as influencing on control of pollen viability.
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Negrini, Arsenio Corrado, Simone Negrini, Vania Giunta, Silvana Quaglini i Giorgio Ciprandi. "Thirty-Year Survey on Airborne Pollen Concentrations in Genoa, Italy: Relationship with Sensitizations, Meteorological Data, and Air Pollution". American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 25, nr 6 (listopad 2011): e232-e241. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3729.
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Background Pollen allergy represents a relevant health issue. Betulaceae sensitization significantly increased in Genoa, Italy, in the last decades. This study investigated possible relationships among pollen count, meteorological changes, air pollution, and sensitizations in this city during a 30-year period. Methods Betulaceae, Urticaceae, Gramineae, and Oleaceae pollen counts were measured from 1981 to 2010 in Genoa. Sensitization to these pollens was also considered in large populations of allergic patients. Meteorological parameters and pollutants were also measured in the same area. Results Betulaceae sensitization increased over time. All pollen species significantly increased over this time. Pollen season advanced for Betulaceae and Urticaceae. Only Urticaceae season significantly increased. Temperature increased while rainfall decreased over the time. Pollutants significantly decreased. There were some relationships between pollen changes and climatic and air pollution parameters. Conclusion This 30-year study conducted in an urbanized area provided evidence that Betulaceae sensitization significantly increased, pollen load significantly augmented, and climate and air pollution changed with a possible influence on pollen release.
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Hsieh, Kun-Ting, Chi-Chih Wu, Shih-Jie Lee, Yu-Heng Chen, Shiau-Yu Shiue, Yi-Chun Liao, Su-Hui Liu i in. "Rice GA3ox1 modulates pollen starch granule accumulation and pollen wall development". PLOS ONE 18, nr 10 (9.10.2023): e0292400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292400.
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The rice GA biosynthetic gene OsGA3ox1 has been proposed to regulate pollen development through the gametophytic manner, but cellular characterization of its mutant pollen is lacking. In this study, three heterozygotic biallelic variants, “-3/-19”, “-3/-2” and “-3/-10”, each containing one null and one 3bp-deletion allele, were obtained by the CRISPR/Cas9 technique for the functional study of OsGA3ox1. The three homozygotes, “-19/-19”, “-2/-2” and “-10/-10”, derived from heterozygotic variants, did not affect the development of most vegetative and floral organs but showed a significant reduction in seed-setting rate and in pollen viability. Anatomic characterizations of these mutated osga3ox1 pollens revealed defects in starch granule accumulation and pollen wall development. Additional molecular characterization suggests that abnormal pollen development in the osga3ox1 mutants might be linked to the regulation of transcription factors OsGAMYB, OsTDR and OsbHLH142 during late pollen development. In brief, the rice GA3ox1 is a crucial gene that modulates pollen starch granule accumulation and pollen wall development at the gametophytic phase.
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Zand, Roya. "Ultra Structures Assessment and Comparison of Allergenic Features of Mature and Immature Pollens of Quercus persica L." Journal of Molecular Biology Research 6, nr 1 (26.07.2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmbr.v6n1p44.
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<p class="1Body">There are extensive Persian Oak forests in the west and south west of Iran. Since the pollens are one of the most plants allergenic factor, and 80 up to 90 percent of plant’s allergen is pollen based, therefore in the present study the allergenic features of Persian Oak’s mature and immature pollens were studied, using cello logy and anatomical methods. The pollen samples were fixed by FAA. SEM analysis showed spherical shaped pollen along with tricolpate and warty shape exine. Pollen’s extract achieved using salt phosphate buffer. Electrophoresis profile of proteins showed total 16 bands in the range of 16 to 116 Kd. Mature pollen also had one distinct 52 Kd band. Allergenic test using guinea pig (350-400 Kg and 4-6 old) carried out. The blood tests, based on the numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and immunoglobulins content of sample and treatments showed significant differences to the control. The mature pollen extract also was more allergenic than that of immature.</p>
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Jiang, Feifei, i Aihui Yan. "Correlation of Pollen Concentration and Meteorological Factors with Medical Condition of Allergic Rhinitis in Shenyang Area". Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (27.09.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4619693.
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Background. The pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) was affected by meteorological and environmental factors. This study investigated the association between clinical symptoms of AR patients with pollen dispersal and meteorological conditions. Methods. The clinical features of 10,838 AR patients who were treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, from March 2021 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. We collected pollen by a pollen collector, read and counted it under a microscope, identified the species of the pollen particles, and recorded meteorological data (average daily temperature, maximum and minimum temperature, average daily wind, average daily precipitation, average daily humidity, average pressure, air quality index, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3), to analyze the correlation among meteorological conditions, pollen dispersal, and number of AR visits. Finally, pollen allergen-positive and symptoms were scored. Results. Among the AR visits, patients >41 years old accounted for the highest proportion (64.15%). 43.67% of the patients were complicated with bronchial asthma, and the disease incidence peaked in September. During the period of the study, a total of 27,512 pollen grains were collected, and 17 species were identified. The pollens of Compositae and Moraceae were the main allergenic sources leading to the increase in AR visits from August to September. The peak of pollen dispersal was in spring, summer, and autumn. The total amount of pollen was not only related to the average daily minimum temperature, average daily precipitation, and average daily humidity but also had a significant correlation with air quality index and air pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the number of daily pollen allergen-positive patients and the pollen concentration of Compositae and Moraceae as well as air pollution components. The clinical symptoms of pollen allergen-positive patients were mainly nasal congestion, red/itchy eyes, and epiphora. Conclusion. The peak seasons of pollen dispersal in Shenyang were in spring, summer, and autumn, and the allergenic pollens were mainly Compositae and Moraceae. In addition, AR was substantially correlated with pollen concentration and meteorological factors. This study may help provide early warning information and prevention for AR patients.
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Khan, Gulzar, Albrecht Hegge i Birgit Gemeinholzer. "Development and Testing of the A1 Volumetric Air Sampler, an Automatic Pollen Trap Suitable for Long-Term Monitoring of eDNA Pollen Diversity". Sensors 22, nr 17 (29.08.2022): 6512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176512.
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Airborne pollen surveys provide information on various aspects of biodiversity and human health monitoring. Such surveys are typically conducted using the Burkard Multi-Vial Cyclone Sampler, but have to be technically optimized for eDNA barcoding. We here developed and tested a new airborne pollen trap, especially suitable for autonomous eDNA-metabarcoding analyses, called the A1 volumetric air sampler. The trap can sample pollen in 24 different tubes with flexible intervals, allowing it to operate independently in the field for a certain amount of time. We compared the efficiency of the new A1 volumetric air sampler with another automated volumetric spore trap, the Burkard Multi-Vial Cyclone Sampler, which features shorter and fewer sampling intervals to evaluate the comparability of ambient pollen concentrations. In a sterile laboratory environment, we compared trap performances between the automated volumetric air samplers by using pure dry pollen of three species—Fagus sylvatica, Helianthus annuus and Zea mays—which differ both by exine ornamentation and pollen size. The traps had a standard suction flow rate of 16.5 L/min, and we counted the inhaled pollen microscopically after a predefined time interval. Our results showed that though we put three different pollen types in the same container, both the traps inhaled all the pollens in a statistically significant manner irrespective of their size. We found that, on average, both traps inhaled equal an number of pollens for each species. We did not detect any cross-contamination between tubes. We concluded that the A1 volumetric air sampler has the potential to be used for longer and more flexible sampling intervals in the wild, suitable for autonomous monitoring of eDNA pollen diversity.
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Güler, Yasemin, i Kadriye Sorkun. "Analysis of Pollen Collected byAndrena flavipesPanzer (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in Sweet Cherry Orchards, Afyonkarahisar Province of Turkey". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/160789.
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Andrena, which is the largest genus in the Andrenidae, is a very important genus for the pollination of fruit trees.Andrena flavipesPanzer is one of the most common species observed in the study area and can continue the flight activity even under low temperature. In this study, the pollen collected byA. flavipeswas determined. In addition, the potential to carry sweet cherry pollen of the aforementioned species was also researched. For the pollen preparates, the scopae of 34 females were used. As a result of the diagnosis studies, it was determined thatA. flavipesspecies collected the pollens of 13 families and that the dominant pollen group belonged to the Brassicaceae. It was ascertained thatA. flavipescollected sweet cherry pollen and that the sweet cherry flowers do not represent a primary pollen source, however.
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Sénéchal, Hélène, Nicolas Visez, Denis Charpin, Youcef Shahali, Gabriel Peltre, Jean-Philippe Biolley, Franck Lhuissier i in. "A Review of the Effects of Major Atmospheric Pollutants on Pollen Grains, Pollen Content, and Allergenicity". Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/940243.
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This review summarizes the available data related to the effects of air pollution on pollen grains from different plant species. Several studies carried out either onin situharvested pollen or on pollen exposed in different places more or less polluted are presented and discussed. The different experimental procedures used to monitor the impact of pollution on pollen grains and on various produced external or internal subparticles are listed. Physicochemical and biological effects of artificial pollution (gaseous and particulate) on pollen from different plants, in different laboratory conditions, are considered. The effects of polluted pollen grains, subparticles, and derived aeroallergens in animal models, inin vitrocell culture, on healthy human and allergic patients are described. Combined effects of atmospheric pollutants and pollen grains-derived biological material on allergic population are specifically discussed. Within the notion of “polluen,” some methodological biases are underlined and research tracks in this field are proposed.
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Baloglu, Güney Hikmet, i Fehmi Gurel. "The Effects of Pollen Protein Content on Colony Development of the Bumblebee, Bombus Terrestris L." Journal of Apicultural Science 59, nr 1 (1.06.2015): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jas-2015-0009.
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Abstract The effects of pollen protein content on the colony development of Bombus terrestris were investigated by feeding queens and queenright colonies with four different pollen diets. We used three kinds of commercially available pure pollen (Cistus spp. 11.9%, Papaver somniferum 21.4%, and Sinapis arvensis 21.8% crude protein). We also used a mixture which was made up of equal weights of these pure pollens (18.4 % crude protein). All queens and colonies were fed with sugar syrup and pollen diets ad libitum (28 ± 1 ℃, 65 ± 5% RH). Until there were 50 workers reached, colonies fed with the Cistus pollen diet (167.4 ± 28.9 g) consumed significantly more pollen than colonies fed with the Papaver pollen diet (140.7 ± 15.7 g), the mixed pollen diet (136.2 ± 20.1 g) or colonies fed with the Sinapis pollen diet (132.4 ± 22.6 g). The date when there were 50 workers reached was approximately one week later in the colonies fed with the Cistus, and colonies fed with the Papaver diet than in the colonies fed with the Sinapis diet, and for colonies fed with the mixed pollen diets. Considering 8 tested criteria, the best performances were observed using the Sinapis, and using the mixed pollen diets. The lowest performances were observed using the Cistus pollen diet. Results showed that pollen sources play an important role in commercial bumblebee rearing. Results also showed that the polyfloral pollen diets are more suitable for mass rearing of bumblebees than the unifloral pollen diets.
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Yadeta, Gemechis L., Emana G. Degaga i Admassu A. Merti. "Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Honey Bee Collected Pollen in the Main Flowering Season, in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia". Journal of Apicultural Science 68, nr 1 (1.06.2024): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2024-0006.
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Abstract This study aimed to assess the effect of botanical and geographical differences on the protein, minerals, total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of bee pollen collected from five districts in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Pollens of Guizotia sp., Brassica sp., Trifolium sp., Eucalyptus sp., Plantago lanceolata and Vicia faba were color-sorted from multifloral pollens and subjected to chemical analysis. The results revealed the mean content of moisture 10.6% of fresh weight (FW), protein 19.4% of dry weight (DW) and ash 2.4% (DW); the most dominant minerals, K (9765.6), Ca (963.4), Mg (960.5), Fe (142.8) and P (126.5) in mg/kg DW. The average of the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity (DPPH radical) were 40.3 GAE mg/g FW and 13.7 AAE mg/g FW (gallic and ascorbic acid equivalent, respectively). V. faba pollen had the highest protein, ash, P and Cu content. Four pollen taxa had the highest Ca values, while multifloral pollens contained the highest Fe content. The samples from Ejere had the highest ash, Ca, Na and Cu content. The results showed a high content of the tested chemicals and a strong antioxidant capacity of bee pollen, varying with botanical and geographical origins. These findings would also serve as inputs for further assessment of the nutritional values of pollen for honey bee colonies and potential human consumption. However, comprehensive chemical investigations of larger number of samples representing diversified flora and locations are crucial to developing a broad regional information base on the nutritional profile of bee pollen.
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Voulgari-Kokota, Anna, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter i Alexander Keller. "Susceptibility of Red Mason Bee Larvae to Bacterial Threats Due to Microbiome Exchange with Imported Pollen Provisions". Insects 11, nr 6 (15.06.2020): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060373.
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Solitary bees are subject to a variety of pressures that cause severe population declines. Currently, habitat loss, temperature shifts, agrochemical exposure, and new parasites are identified as major threats. However, knowledge about detrimental bacteria is scarce, although they may disturb natural microbiomes, disturb nest environments, or harm the larvae directly. To address this gap, we investigated 12 Osmia bicornis nests with deceased larvae and 31 nests with healthy larvae from the same localities in a 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene metabarcoding study. We sampled larvae, pollen provisions, and nest material and then contrasted bacterial community composition and diversity in healthy and deceased nests. Microbiomes of pollen provisions and larvae showed similarities for healthy larvae, whilst this was not the case for deceased individuals. We identified three bacterial taxa assigned to Paenibacillus sp. (closely related to P. pabuli/amylolyticus/xylanexedens), Sporosarcina sp., and Bacillus sp. as indicative for bacterial communities of deceased larvae, as well as Lactobacillus for corresponding pollen provisions. Furthermore, we performed a provisioning experiment, where we fed larvae with untreated and sterilized pollens, as well as sterilized pollens inoculated with a Bacillus sp. isolate from a deceased larva. Untreated larval microbiomes were consistent with that of the pollen provided. Sterilized pollen alone did not lead to acute mortality, while no microbiome was recoverable from the larvae. In the inoculation treatment, we observed that larval microbiomes were dominated by the seeded bacterium, which resulted in enhanced mortality. These results support that larval microbiomes are strongly determined by the pollen provisions. Further, they underline the need for further investigation of the impact of detrimental bacterial acquired via pollens and potential buffering by a diverse pollen provision microbiome in solitary bees.