Rozprawy doktorskie: „Political and administrative divisions”

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Banks, McRae C. "Degrees of success?: MPA's and MBA's from elite universities and career success in the federal government". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76504.

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Since Woodrow Wilson’s seminal essay "The Study of Administration,” when he called for educating administrators in administration in hopes of making government more business-like, scholars have been investigating the differences and similarities between government and business. Largely ignored was the education for administration; should it likewise be more focused on business? Despite the development of specialized public administration degrees, the Master of Public Administration (MPA) and its equivalents, many managers trained in business schools are employed in federal government. This, alone, should make one question whether or not graduate education in public administration is truly any better or more appropriate for public sector management careers than other graduate degrees, notably the MBA. The present study addresses the issue of degree appropriateness by comparing federal sector managers who are MPA-trained with those who are MBA-trained on ten career success indices. Data to construct the indices were collected via a mailed survey questionnaire sent to the population of federal sector managers holding the MPA or MBA from selected universities. A variety of statistical procedures in SPSS were used to analyze the data. Analysis of the data indicates that few significant differences exist between MPA's and MBA's in career success, as measured in the short term. Possible explanations for these findings are explored. A cohort analysis and t-Test indicates that MBA's receive higher starting salaries than MPA's but MPA's surpass their MBA peers approximately twelve years after completing the master's degree. A hypothetical fourth (older) cohort of MPA's would be significantly higher paid now than MBA's. Implications for individuals, institutions, and society, based on the findings, were discussed, along with limitations to the study and future topics of research.
Ph. D.

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Silva, Diego Coimbra Barcelos da. "Cidade, poder e diferença: outros caminhos para a compreensão do direito à cidade sustentável em Henri Lefebvre". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2018. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/3752.

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Este trabalho monográfico tem por objeto a análise e a proposição de caminhos alternativos para a compreensão do direito à cidade sustentável, sob o prisma das relações de poder. Para tanto, busca esquadrinhar alguns pressupostos e conceitos centrais da obra de Henri Lefebvre, notadamente aqueles em que a proposta original do direito à cidade se alicerça, a fim de compatibilizá-los com as categorias de análise necessárias à condução da pesquisa. Nesse intento, esboça um quadro argumentativo sistemático que aponta para as direções da redistribuição do poder no espaço urbano, da plenitude do exercício da multiterritorialidade e dos múltiplos territórios e da participaçãointervenção na produção dos discursos ambiental e jurídico-urbanístico, este último através do pluralismo jurídico. Busca, ainda, analisar a viabilidade teórica dos sentidos propostos no escopo da teoria espacial lefebvriana.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES
This dissertation aims at analyzing and proposing alternative ways of understanding the right to a sustainable city, in the light of power relations. To do so, it seeks to explore some key assumptions and concepts of Henri Lefebvre's work, mostly those on which the original proposal of the right to the city was built, in order to match with the categories of analysis in the development of the research. In this attempt, outlines a systematic argumentative framework, that points to the redistribution of power in the urban space, the full exercise of multiterritoriality and multiple territories and the participationintervention in the production of environmental and legal-urban discourse, the latter through the legal pluralism. Also seeks to analyze the theoretical feasibility of the proposed meanings within the scope of Lefebvrian spatial theory.

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Alves, Diorgenes de Moraes Correia. "A Luta pela terra dos quilombolas de Palmas: do quilombo aos direitos territoriais". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/651.

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A presente pesquisa tem por escopo analisar os fundamentos dos direitos territoriais quilombolas na localidade de Palmas-PR: as dificuldades e expectativas quanto à sua efetivação. Assim, inicia-se o estudo com uma incursão à historiografia tradicional para buscar os principais elementos da formação social brasileira, ao mesmo tempo em que procura insular-se da noção idealizada de quilombo pautada em elementos históricoarqueológicos. Já com o advento da Constituição de 1988, previsão dos direitos territoriais quilombolas, ocorre a evolução do conceito de quilombo a partir de elementos antropológicos capazes de abranger a sua dinamicidade como fenômeno social. A partir da demonstração do que pode significar a concretização de tais direitos para o quilombo de Palmas-PR, emergem as diferentes dimensões assumidas pela relação dos quilombolas com o seu território e com o trabalho tradicional, além dos obstáculos encontrados. Assim, os direitos territoriais são frutos do campo das disputas políticas que ao buscar reparar as injustiças da escravidão e da excludente sociedade do trabalho livre; trazem visibilidade para os quilombolas, reforçam a sua luta e criam possibilidades, seja na arena de disputas jurídicas, seja na arena de disputas políticas.
This research has as the main scope to study the fundamentals Maroons territorial rights in Palmas-PR: their issues and their expectations. The study begins through traditional Brazilian historiography elements and the Brazilian social formation, to avoid using the idealized concept of “quilombo”, based in historical and archaeological elements. In the Brazilian National Constitution of 1988, there is an evolution of the concept of “quilombo” with anthropological elements, to become able to comprehend its dynamics as a social phenomenon. After the meanings demonstration of these rights for the Maroons from Palmas- PR, emerge the differents dimensions by the Maroons with its territory and its traditional work. However the structural formation of Brazilian society; the territorial maroons rights are answering to the slavery injustices and social exclusion from the free work society. Theses rights bring visibility to the Maroons, strengthen their cause and create possibilities rather in the legal issues, rather in the political issues.
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Landeo, Orozco Omar. "Un maillage politico-administratif régional optimal, pour le Pérou engagé dans un processus de décentralisation". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010710.

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La division politico-administrative des territoires des États est un outil de leur organisation. Dans le cas du Pérou, l'espace politico-administratif a été organisé durant chaque grande période historique (période pré-colombienne, colonie et république) en fonction des systèmes socio-politique et économique dominants. Ainsi, la division du territoire en circonscriptions politico-administratives et les délimitations de ces dernières se sont au fil du temps adaptées aux formes de l'État et à celles des relations sociales et productives dominantes. La réforme de la décentralisation engagée au Pérou contempaine en 2001 apparaît bien comme une réponse aux problèmes structurels qui bloquent le développement du pays. Parmi ceux-ci figurent les problèmes liés au centralisme politique, à la concentration économique, et aux déséquilibres de l'occupation du territoire. Ceux-ci mettent particulièrement bien en évidence les inadéquations des mailles politico-administratives du territoire péruvien manifeste au début du XXe siècle. Dans le cadre de cette problématique de la recherche d'une correspondance pertinente entre les divisions politico-administratives du territoire et les enjeux des politiques de décentralisation, et compte tenu de l'approche systémique revendiquée, la thèse propose à la fois une démarche d'ajustement de l'espace politico-administratif péruvien et des objectifs des politiques de décentralisation. Et les résultats de cette démarche. Une modélisation de l'identification et de la délimitation des circonscriptions districts. Provinces et régions est réalisée. Alliant théorie et pratique. Cette modélisation propose pour le Pérou un modèle de reforme de l'ensemble de la couverture territoriale. Ce modèle sélectionne des chefs-lieux (centres fonctionnels). Il délimite des districts et des provinces à l'échelon local et des régions et à l'échelon supra local. Définissant ainsi, avec l'espace régional, un nouveau niveau d'identification du territoire.

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Uyttendaele, Marc. "Le fédéralisme inachevé: réflexions sur le système institutionnel belge, issu des réformes de 1988-1989". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213170.

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Alcantara, Fernanda Viana de. "Gestão social nos territórios rurais : limites e possibilidades do agreste de Alagoas". Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5578.

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The theme of territorial development has attracted interests of different areas of knowledge. In this sense, it becomes necessary to think about the approach of territorial development in Brazil, which became wider at the beginning of the XXI century. This particular thesis aims to perform reflections on the process of preparing and implementing territorial actions to promote a development in rural areas; in this regard the discussion about the experience of Brazilian planning is recognized, and it is also aimed to understand the challenge of construction of mediation processes which are able to guide and operationalize territorial policies; it also aims to forward the interests for discussion that evidences the problematic of social management. The research has an exploratory and investigative character, performing an approach that ponders the territorial development through an analysis, from survey and literature review on the theme, and the analysis of data obtained through fieldwork, such as interviews with the main social actors bound to entities and members of social movements that contribute in the process of territorial development, taking as a parameter the main instance: the Rural Territorial Collegiate. It is acknowledged that the participation of civil society in the elaboration of public policies is significantly important, providing the transcendence of apparent contradictions of interests and visions inherent to public and private domain, particularly when referring to rural environments, in which an increasing on density of commitments and responses is aimed. It is to respond to the challenge of territorial development, in the face to the difficulty in forming government capacity of multiple commitments on strategic interplay of the actors. It refers to the recognition of the importance of the participation and interaction of different social actors in the attempt of delineating ways to territorial development. Also regarding to the discussion of territorial development, this job is linked to the references of the discussion about the rural environment in Portugal, especially the discussion of governance, through contact with Portugal Local Development Associations, although it is considered the significant and notable differences regarding to the territorial dimension and the socio-economic and environmental issues between these two countries. As a result of the research, it is evidenced that the Rural Development Policy in Brazil is a process in construction that still goes through difficulties regarding to its supporting pillars among which is called attention to social management; the data and conducted analysis reveal that there was a process of change in the manner and consequences of action planning in rural environment, and also reveal that there is an advance regarding to the innovation in the instruments of participation and valuing of local forces, from the point of view of the togetherness of different representations that are heterogeneous. And therefore, they try to find the ways to reduce social disparities in rural environment, through management, but still in a fragile way.
A temática do desenvolvimento territorial despertou interesses de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Torna-se necessário uma análise sobre a abordagem do desenvolvimento territorial no Brasil, que ganhou maior expressão no início do século XXI. A tese em tela tem como objetivo realizar reflexões em torno do processo de elaboração e implementação das ações territoriais para a promoção do desenvolvimento em áreas rurais. Retoma-se a discussão sobre a experiência do planejamento brasileiro, no intuito de compreender a construção de processos de mediação capazes de orientar e operacionalizar as políticas territoriais, visa encaminhar os interesses para a discussão sobre a problemática da governança. A pesquisa é de caráter exploratório-investigativo, aborda e pondera o desenvolvimento territorial por meio da análise, parti do levantamento e revisão bibliográfica referente à temática, e da análise de dados obtidos por meio de trabalho de campo, como as entrevistas dos principais atores sociais vinculados a entidades e membros de movimentos sociais que contribuem no processo de desenvolvimento territorial, tomando como parâmetro a instância principal: os Colegiados Territoriais Rurais. Reconhece-se que a participação da sociedade civil na elaboração das políticas públicas é significativa e propicia a transcendência de aparentes contradições de interesses e visões inerentes ao domínio público e privado, especialmente, quando se refere aos meios rurais, onde se procura aumentar a densidade de compromissos e de respostas. Trata-se de responder ao desafio do desenvolvimento territorial, face à dificuldade para constituir capacidade governativa de compromissos múltiplos no entrosamento estratégico. Refere-se ao reconhecimento da importância da participação e interação de diferentes atores sociais na tentativa de delinear caminhos para o desenvolvimento territorial. No âmbito da discussão do desenvolvimento territorial, o trabalho faz vínculo com as referências do debate sobre o meio rural em Portugal, em especial o contato com as Associações de Desenvolvimento Local de Portugal, embora se considere as significativas e notórias diferenças sobre a dimensão territorial e aos aspectos sócio-econômicos e ambientais existentes entre os dois países. O resultado da pesquisa evidencia que a política de desenvolvimento territorial rural no Brasil é um processo em construção que passa por dificuldades nos pilares de implantação e sustentação, dentre os quais se destaca a gestão social. Dados e análises realizadas revelam que ocorreu um processo de mudança na forma e nos desdobramentos das ações no meio rural, e que há avanços no sentido de inovações nos instrumentos de participação e de valorização das forças locais, como o ajuntamento de diferentes representações que são heterogêneas, mas buscam encontrar meios de reduzir as disparidades sociais no meio rural por meio da gestão, entretanto, ainda de forma frágil.

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Gomez, Reino Juan Luis. "Essays on optimal jurisdictional size for local service delivery". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34656.

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This dissertation contributes to the definition of an analytical framework for the study of optimal jurisdictional size for local service delivery. We argue that the standard economics framework for the analysis of optimal jurisdictional size importantly neglects individual preferences for political accountability. Our theoretical model shows that once we take into account such preferences, the optimal jurisdictional size for the provision of local public goods is smaller than in the standard model. We obtain empirical evidence to support our hypothesis from a sample of 197 countries. Our results show that, in fact, demand for political accountability leads to higher jurisdictional fragmentation both in terms of greater number of jurisdictions and smaller average population per jurisdiction. In addition, a meta-analysis of the empirical contributions to the study of economies of scale in the provision of local services shows that the economies of scale expected from service provision to larger jurisdictional sizes may not be present except for a handful of local services, and limited to relatively small population sizes. The results of the meta-analysis signal moderately increasing to constant returns to scale in the provision of traditional local services. In light of these results, we argue that forced jurisdictional consolidation programs across the world justified by perceptions of excessive jurisdictional fragmentation, or by the expectation of large expenditure savings due to economies of scale may have been, thus, erroneously designed. From a policy perspective, multi-layered institutional frameworks for service delivery (including cooperation and privatization among other options) may allow targeting available efficiency gains more efficiently than consolidation.

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Victoir, Laura A. "Moscow-area estates : a case study of twentieth-century architectural preservation and cultural politics". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670078.

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Lopes, Marcia. "Politica cientifica regional : o caso da FAPEMAT no estado de Mato Grosso". [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287477.

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Orientador: Andre Tosi Furtado
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa a dinâmica institucional da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso, situando-a no processo de descentralização da Política Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, cujos objetivos principais são o fortalecimento dos Estados menos desenvolvidos da Federação e a redução das assimetrias regionais existentes no país. Procura entender qual foi a trajetória da FAPEMAT e os seus principais condicionantes, desde a Constuição de 1988 até o ano de 2006. Comprova que, apesar de sua situação de Estado periférico, o Mato Grosso conseguiu instituir sua Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e viabilizar o seu funcionamento. Atualmente a FAPEMAT constitui-se um elemento fundamental no desenvolvimento da Política Científica e Tecnológica em Mato Grosso.
Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to analyze the institutional dynamics of the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Mato Grosso (Foundation for the Support of Research in the state of Mato Grosso) - FAPEMAT, by placing it in the process of decentralization of the National Policy of Science and Technology, whose main objectives are the strengthen of the less developed states of the Federation and the reduction of the regional asymmetries in the country. We also intend to understand the trajectory of FAPEMAT and its main conditioning factors, from the Constitution of 1988 to the year of 2006. It is demonstrated that, in spite of its situation as a peripheral state, Mato Grosso managed to launch this Foundation and enable its operation. Nowadays, FAPEMAT is established as a basic element in the development of the Scientific and Technological Policy in Mato Grosso.
Mestrado
Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica

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Yakhlef, Mohamed M. B. L. "La municipalité de Fez à l'époque du Protectorat (1912-1956)". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213108.

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Galli, Telma Batalioti. "Uso do territorio e fronteiras internas : o caso da proposta de redesenho fronteiriço do municipio de Holambra (SP)". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286959.

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Orientador: Marcio Antonio Cataia
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: A proposta de novo redesenho fronteiriço do município de Holambra (SP), expressa a complexidade de relações no território brasileiro com a presença nos lugares de vetores da economia global. À luz do atual período desenvolve-se uma economia globalizada que vem sendo comumente confundida como "sem fronteiras", no entanto, os redesenhos fronteiriços, presentes em todo território nacional desacreditam a tese do fim das fronteiras ou de sua obsolescência. Entre os entes federativos (estados e municípios) acentuam-se disputas territoriais produtoras de dinâmicas locais exigentes em regulação política. A complexidade de relações internas e externas a uma fronteira amplia a necessidade de maior regulação, justificando-se o Estado e suas fronteiras. Ao município portador de poder legiferante cabe-lhe uma racionalidade própria de solucionar localmente o uso social e o uso corporativo do território. Este é o caso do município de Holambra que ao propor um novo redesenho de suas fronteiras, reorganiza o território, a partir da especialização produtiva de flores e plantas ornamentais, marcando uma hibridização entre Estado e economia na medida em que ao primeiro cabe atender aos reclamos do segundo, é assim, que política e economia conformam-se um par dialético dos novos usos do território brasileiro.
Abstract: The proposal for a new borderline re-arrangement in the municipality of Holambra (SP) manifests the complexity of relations in Brazil with a presence in the venues of the global economy's vectors. In the light of the current period, a globalized economy is being developed which is commonly and mistakenly referred to as "borderless", yet the borderline rearrangements seen throughout the country refute the issue regarding the end of borders or of their obsolescence. Territorial disputes have grown among the federative bodies (states and municipalities), which have given rise to local dynamics that require political regulation. The complexity of relations within and without a border increases the need for greater regulation, justifying a State and its borders. A local government in possession of legislating powers will be in charge of its own rationale in order to decide locally on the social and corporate use of its territory. This is the case in the municipality of Holambra, which while proposing a new rearrangement of its borders is reorganizing its territory based on the specialized production of flowers and ornamental plants, encouraging a hybridized relation between State and economy inasmuch as the former is responsible for meeting the latter's requirements, this is how politics and economics form a dialectical couple for the new uses of Brazilian territory.
Doutorado
Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial
Doutor em Ciências

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Marre, Sébastien. "Phylétika : divisions et subdivisions civiques en Ionie, en Carie, à Rhodes et dans les îles proches du continent de la mort d'Alexandre le Grand à l'arrivée des Romains". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30029/document.

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La recherche doit d’abord étudier les divisions et subdivisions civiques en Ionie, en Carie, à Rhodes et dans les îles proches du continent à l’époque hellénistique et montrer les évolutions entre la période antérieure à Alexandre et les débuts de la domination romaine. Dans le monde grec, les citoyens étaient répartis en grands groupes héréditaires : les tribus (phylai) et les phratries (phratriai). Ces institutions représentaient le fondement de l’organisation politique. La recherche doit montrer ensuite si la parenté joue encore un rôle dans la répartition des divisions et subdivisions civiques dans les cités d’Asie Mineure de l’époque hellénistique puisque le principe d’affiliation héréditaire semble avoir été la règle, l’affiliation en fonction de la résidence étant semble-t-il un phénomène assez tardif. Les membres de ces tribus considèrent qu’ils descendent d’un ancêtre commun, le plus souvent mythique. Leurs subdivisions sont souvent des phratries qui sont des associations qui regroupent plusieurs familles considérées par ses membres comme apparentées. Il s’agit enfin de montrer les ressemblances et les différences en ce qui concerne les divisions et les subdivisions civiques dans les différentes cités d’Asie Mineure occidentale à l’époque hellénistique. On peut étudier ainsi comment fonctionne le statut de citoyenneté en fonction de l’appartenance aux corps civiques. On peut également se demander comment se fait l’exercice des droits de citoyen, probablement différent d’une cité à l’autre et qui doit même évoluer au cours de la période considérée. Cette étude doit faire la part entre ce qui relève du rôle des divisions et subdivisions civiques dans le fonctionnement des cités et ce qui concerne uniquement l’organisation interne de ces institutions en tant que structures politiques
Research has first to study civil divisions and subdivisions in Western Asian Minor cities at Hellenistic times and then show the changes between the pre-Alexander time and the birth of Roman domination. In the Greek world, citizens were divided into large groups: the tribes (phylai) and the phratries (phratriai). Those institutions were the basis of political organization. Then research has to show if kinship plays any role in the repartition of civil divisions and subdivisions in Western Asian Minor cities at Hellenistic times, since the principle of hereditary kinship seems to have been the norm; residential affiliation being, so it seems, a late phenomenon. Those tribe members consider they are descended from a common ancestor, most often a mythic character. Their subdivisions are often phratries which are associations that gather together several Families whose members consider they are kins. Last we have to show the similitudes and differences as to civil divisions and subdivisions in the different Western Asian Minor cities at Hellenistic Times. Thus we can study how citizenship status works in accordance to civil bodies. We may also wonder how citizens could exercise their rights, rights which were probably different from one city to the other and that surely developed in the said period. This study has to make allowances for what is from the role of civil divisions and subdivisions in the way cities are run and for what only concerns the inner organization of those institutions in matters of political structures

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Silva, Cleide Helena Prudêncio da [UNESP]. "Construindo e reconstruindo o Acre: a reivindicação de autonomia de Vila Campinas". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96777.

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O presente trabalho realiza um estudo sobre a formação territorial do Brasil e do Acre, como ponto de partida para se refletir sobre uma nova configuração das terras acreanas. O processo de emancipação de Vila Campinas, localizada no município de Plácido de Castro, Estado do Acre, é o recorte empírico utilizado para análise. O contexto de lutas pela criação de Estados, Territórios e Municípios é ressaltado para se fazer a conexão do local com o global. A Geografia Política dará o embasamento teórico para se analisarem os processos de construção e reconstrução de novos territórios. Na localidade estudada enfatizar-se-ão os seguintes aspectos para entender a sua formação: as migrações para o Estado nas décadas de 1970/19880, a implantação dos projetos de assentamentos como política de reforma agrária para a região amazônica e a articulação da Comissão Pró-Emancipação, que dará base para se aglutinar os olhares divergentes sobre a temática.
The present work realize a study about the territorial formation of Brasil and of Acre, as staring point for us to think about a new configuration of the lands from Acre. The process of emancipation of Vila Campinas, located Plácido de Castro - Acre, is the impiric cutting used for analysis. The context of fights for the creation of States, Territories and Municipal districts is stood out for us to make the connection of the place with the global. The Political geography will give the theoretical basement to analyze the construction processes and reconstruction of new territories. In the planned place we will emphasize the following aspects to understand its formation: the migration for the State in 70s/80s, the implantation of the projects of establishment s like land reform politics for the Amazonian area and Comissão Pró- Emancipação, thtat will give base to agglutinate the divergent watch on the theme.

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De, Waal Liezel. "Making the connection : the inclusion of information and communication technology in Western Cape Municipal integrated development plans". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17347.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study examines the Western Cape municipal Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) and questions whether these IDPs include Information and Communication Technology (ICT) initiatives that promote development. IDPs are used by municipalities as multi-sectoral plans that provide situation analyses of municipal areas and determine development priorities in municipal areas. These development priorities must be met within certain budget and time constraints. Globalisation and the technological revolution have led to the rapid development and convergence of technology. Technology, such as the Internet and cellular telephones, has had various influences on society. One of these influences includes the possible application of ICT for the purpose of development. Therefore both IDPs and ICT can be applied for developmental purposes. The study thus brings together two seemingly unrelated concepts, namely Integrated Development Plans and Information and Communication Technology and aligns them with one another through the concept of development. The study includes three main objectives. Firstly, the Integrated Development Plans of the municipalities in the Western Cape were examined to ascertain whether these municipalities address ICT in their IDPs. Secondly, the nature of the ICT initiatives was determined. This refers to whether the ICT initiatives are for use in the community or for use in the municipality. Finally, a framework was developed, which includes the classification of the different types of municipalities, together with the different types of ICT initiatives. Recommendations were made based on this framework. The various theoretical issues discussed in this study include the transformation of local government in South Africa and the establishment of developmental local government. Various issues concerning the use of ICT for development are also discussed and they include the ‘Information Society’, the ‘Digital Divide’ and ICT for development. This discussion emphasises that success of ICT initiatives for development depends on the nature of the underlying policy agenda; this agenda must be demand-driven and pro-poor.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die Wes-Kaap munisipale Geintegreerde Ontwikkelingsplanne (GOP’s) en bevraagteken of dié GOP’s Inligting en Kommunikasie Tegnologie (IKT) inisiatiewe wat ontwikkeling bevorder, insluit. GOP’s word deur munisipaliteite as multi-sektorale planne gebruik wat toestandsontledings van munisipale gebiede voorsien en die ontwikkelingsprioriteite in munisipale gebiede bepaal. Hierdie ontwikkelingsprioriteite moet binne sekere begrotings- en tydsbeperkings bevredig word. Globalisering en die tegnologiese revolusie het tot die spoedige ontwikkeling en samevoeging van tegnologie gelei. Tegnologie, soos die Internet en selulêre telefone, het verskeie uitwerkings op die samelewing teweeggebring. Een van die uitwerkings sluit die moontlike aanwending van IKT vir ontwikkelingsdoeleindes in. Beide GOP’s en IKT kan dus vir ontwikkelingsdoeleindes aangewend word. Die studie bring daarom twee oënskynlik onverwante onderwerpe, naamlik Geintegreerde Ontwikkelingsplanne en Informasie en Kommunikasie Tegnologie deur die konsep van ontwikkeling by mekaar uit. Die studie bevat drie hoof doelwitte. Eerstens om die Geintegreerde Ontwikkelingsplanne van die munisipaliteite in die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek om vas te stel of hierdie munisipaliteite IKT in hul GOP’s aanspreek. Tweedens is die aard van die IKT inisiatiewe vasgestel. Dit verwys na IKT inisiatiewe wat binne die gemeenskap óf binne die munisipaliteit plaasvind. Laastens is ’n raamwerk ontwikkel. Dit sluit ’n klassifikasie van die verskillende soorte munisipaliteite, asook die verskillende soorte IKT inisiatiewe in. Aanbevelings wat gemaak word, word op hierdie raamwerk gegrond. Verskeie teoretiese kwessies word ook verder in hierdie studie bespreek. Dit sluit die transformasie van plaaslike regering in Suid-Afrika en die totstandkoming van ontwikkelingsgerigte plaaslike regering in. Verskeie kwessies wat die gebruik van IKT vir ontwikkeling betref, word ook bespreek. Dit sluit die ‘Inligting-gedrewe Samelewing’, die ‘Digitale Gaping’ en IKT vir ontwikkeling, in. Hierdie bespreking beklemtoon dat die geslaagdheid van IKT inisiatiewe vir ontwikkeling van die aard van die onderliggende beleidsagenda afhang; dié agenda moet aanvraag-gedrewe en ten gunste van armes wees.

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15

Egwurube, Joseph O. "La région dans le système politico-administratif territorial en France et au Nigéria". Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D021.

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L'objet de cette étude est d'analyser, de manière comparée, le fonctionnement de l'échelon régional en France et au Nigeria. Pour cela, nous avons défini ces deux pays comme systèmes en voie de modernisation, qui tentent a travers la construction régionale de se doter des moyens pour faire face a certains de leurs problèmes politiques, administratifs et économiques. Or, malgré les fondements fédéralistes de la construction régionale au Nigeria, a l'oppose de la stratégie plus prudente et limitée derrière le même processus en France, notre étude dévoile que l'instance régionale dispose d'une marge de manoeuvre politique et décisionnelle plus étendue en France qu'au Nigeria. Et ceci pour la simple raison qu'il existe plusieurs ressources de facto du pouvoir régional en France qui sont absentes au Nigeria : l'accès facile aux centres nationaux de prise de décision et la légitimité directe des détenteurs du pouvoir régional entre autres. Il en résulte que la région s'affirme comme une instance décisionnelle active et offensive en France, alors que le même échelon fonctionne au Nigeria en réalité comme un relais territorial passif de l'Etat central, servant a des fonctions de pénétration plutôt que de mobilisation des forces sociopolitiques locales. Malgré cette différence fondamentale dans la capacité de la région à participer activement à l'allocation autoritaire des ressources publiques dans les deux pays, on observe pourtant que cet échelon ne constitue ni en France ni au Nigeria un véritable lieu de contre-pouvoir organise. En effet, on observe que le fonctionnement réel de la région est accompagne de la centralisation ou de la recentralisation du pouvoir au profit de l'Etat dans les deux pays. D'ou notre conclusion partielle que la modernisation politico administrative, dont la régionalisation constitue l'un des vecteurs essentiels dans les deux pays, aboutit à la centralisation plutôt qu'a la décentralisation du pouvoir politique
The intention of our study is to analyze, using the comparative method, the consequences of regionalization on the fonctioning of the french and nigerian territorial systems. We define both countries as essentially modernizing because we believe that each embarked on region building in order to facilitate the solution and resolution of a number of given political, administrative and economic problems inscribed on their respective political agendas. However, irrespective of the federal character of region building in Nigeria, as different from the more limited approach that govern regional construction in France, we observe that this decisional unit has a relatively wider margin of political and decisional manouvre in France than in Nigeria. We explain this apparent "contradiction" in relation to the existence in France of several de facto resources of regional power - easy access to national centers of political decision making and the direct legitimacy of regional political actors - resources which hardly exist in Nigeria. The result is that whereas the region in France has asserted its position as an active participant in the inter-organizational system of public decision making, the same echelon in Nigeria serves in reality as a territorial relay structure in the service of central government. This difference in the level of de facto regional power notwithstanding, we note that neither in France nor in Nigeria is regionalization accompanied by the constitution of sub-national centers of counter-power. The real functioning of regional government in both countries seems to be accompanied by the centralization or the recentralization of powers in favor of the national center. This leads us to the tentative conclusion that the process of political and administrative modernization usually leads to the centralization rather than the decentralization of political power

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Faria, Rivaldo Mauro de 1975. "A territorialização da atenção primária à saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde : perspectiva de adequação ao perfis do território urbano de Pouso Alegre-MG". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286710.

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Orientador: Arlêude Bortolozzi
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T11:55:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Faria_RivaldoMaurode_D.pdf: 13210732 bytes, checksum: 14049caaae323d42acaaf9b945ee0cf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Este trabalho foi construído em torno de dois objetivos intimamente ligados: discutir a territorialização como técnica e política de gestão dos serviços de atenção primária à saúde no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e apresentar uma perspectiva de adequação desses serviços aos perfis do território urbano. Os caminhos metodológicos foram construídos a partir das orientações dadas por Maria Cecília Minayo, para as pesquisas qualitativas em saúde, e a categoria território usado em Milton Santos foi tomada como fundamento para a construção da base teórico-conceitual. A pesquisa comunica teoria e prática. Por isso, o território urbano de Pouso Alegre-MG foi definido como local de estudo e aplicação. A reflexão sobre a territorialização da saúde levou a concluir que se trata de uma concepção política e pragmática do território, com dimensão padronizada e elementos burocráticos que fragmentam o sistema de atenção. Como técnica, a territorialização "cria" territórios políticos para a saúde e como inscrição espacial impõe os limites de abrangência para os serviços. O seu ponto de partida são os serviços e o número de habitantes. A perspectiva dos perfis territoriais apontou um caminho diferente. O ponto de partida, nesse caso, deve ser o reconhecimento dos usos do território, através dos quais são identificados os seus perfis. Dessa forma, os serviços de atenção primária devem se adaptar a esses perfis territoriais. Como técnica, essa perspectiva reconhece os usos do território e como inscrição espacial se adapta a esses territórios reconhecidos pelos seus usos
Abstract: This work was developed based on two closely connected aims: discuss the territorialization as technique and management policy of the services of primary attention to health in the SUS (Unique Health System) and present a perspective of adequacy of such services for the urban territory profiles. The methodology was researched having the support of Maria Cecília Minayo, for the qualitative research in health, and the territory category used in Milton Santos was taken as foundation for the construction of the conceptual-theoretical support. This research deals with theory and practice, this is why, the urban territory of Pouso Alegre-MG was defined as the venue of studies and application. The reflection upon the territorialization of health lead to the conclusion that there is a political and pragmatic conception of the territory with patterned dimension and procedural elements which divide the system of attention. As technique, the territorialization "generates" political territories for health and as spatial registration enforce the limits of ranges for the services. Therefore, the starting point is the services and inhabitants figure. The perspective of territory profiles have shown a different way. The starting point must be the acknowledgement of the uses of the territory and from them the profiles are identified. This is why the services of primary attention should be adapted to these territory profiles. As a technique, this perspective acknowledges the uses of territory and how spatial register adapts to these territories acknowledge by their uses
Doutorado
Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial
Doutor em Geografia

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17

Anderson, Chingun. "Essays on institutions, ethnic divisions and poverty". Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19954/.

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What is the relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and the ability of the poor to organize and influence democratic governments to improve their welfare? Political scientists and economists have argued that democracies are superior to non-democracies for improving poverty outcomes because they are advantaged with institutional mechanisms such as universal suffrage and majority rule. Yet, there are numerous cases where democracy has done little to help the poor. Through a series of essays, I examine the effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effect of democracy and oil revenue on poverty. I argue that ethnic heterogeneity reduces the likelihood that poor citizens will organize and pressure political elites to provide public goods and services that improve their general welfare. As a result, democracy and oil revenue are less likely to improve poverty outcomes when the poor are ethnically heterogeneous compared to being homogeneous. The first chapter presents a cross-national study to help us understand the general effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effects of democracy on poverty. The results are not statistically significant. It is not clear if the lack of significance is due to notable endogeneity issues or that the hypothesis is wrong. For that reason, the second chapter takes advantage of an institutional natural experiment in Indonesia to produce more reliable results. The results show that ethnic heterogeneity of the poor significantly affects the effect of elections on the majority of the dependent variables. In the third chapter, I test the effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effect of oil revenue among Brazilian municipalities. The revenues local democratic governments depend upon increased significantly due to the sharp increase of offshore oil royalties and world oil prices from early 1990s to the early 2010s. This allows me to measure the effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effect of oil revenue on poverty at the municipal level. Results suggest that ethnic heterogeneity of the poor does not significantly affect the effect of local oil revenue on poverty outcomes in Brazil.

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Nyu, S. M. "Administrative probity and public accountability : an analytical study of administrative corruption, maladministration and institutional arrangements for administrative control in Kaduna State, Nigeria". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279261.

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Sanders, Calli Theisen. "The administrative reporting structure of athletics directors in NCAA divisions I, II and III intercollegiate athletics". Diss., Montana State University, 2004. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2004/sanders/SandersC1204.pdf.

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Rasby, Emelie. "Tanzania's failure in consolidating a strong democracy : A comparative case study of Tanzania and Botswana's democratization processes between 1961-2015". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65163.

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This study allocates the issue of democratization in Tanzania and Botswana between 1961-2015. The purpose is to explain why Tanzania’s democratization process between 1961 and 2015 has not developed into a solid democracy. Nine factors, both internal and external that has affected the countries democratization process has been highlighted and compared in a macro-perspective in order to find explanatory factors the aim. A qualitative, theory consuming approach is used, where methodological understandings such as the method of difference and the congruence method are applied. Furthermore an analytical framework is used to pinpoint important differences between the two countries democratization processes that are considered being valid explanations to why contemporary Tanzania is not considered being a full-scale working democracy. The comparative conclusion showed that there are three explanatory factors to Tanzania’s present democracy status. The lack of free values, an economic development and authoritarian divisions within the country has proven being vital in the failure of consolidating a democracy.

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Afsah, Daniel. "Ukraina som nation & stat : En studie om hur etniska motsättningar kan vara ett hinder för demokratiseringsprocessen & hur det skulle kunna lösas". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75544.

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The purpose with this study is to investigate, scrutinize and to understand the current political situation in Ukraine and why it has not been progressed. The disastrous democratic process and the country´s existing and indefatigable problems are studied through dynamics that deals with the country’s ethnic divisions and the conflict with Russia regarding several regions in Ukraine. In this paper, a case study is used as the method, and by applying Anna Jarstads dilemmas of democracy process and Arend Lijpharts Consociational democracy is as well, the investigation shows that this system of democracy model can be successful Ukraine if they take regards to Anna Jarstads four dilemmas. The conclusion of this study means that it is important to take regards into the dilemmas of democracy and therefore must be regarded to when a country is trying to build a state based on democracy and that no improvement can be done without it. And the process of democracy should take impression of the Consociational democracy model, otherwise it´s more likely that the political volatility will remain and further increase.

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22

Dick, Alexander J. "Divisions of labour, performative language and the political economy of British romantic drama". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0011/NQ42507.pdf.

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Farrell, Stephen Michael. "Divisions, debates and 'dis-ease' : the Rockingham Whig Party and the House of Lords, 1760-1785". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265410.

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This thesis is a study of the political party led by the second Marquess of Rockingham, from the perspective of the Upper Chamber of Parliament. The historiography of the Rockingham Whigs is extensive but underplays the House of Lords, while the literature on the House of Lords is growing, but lacks a major analysis of this significant opposition group. This is, therefore, a contribution to the debate on the nature of party in the eighteenth century. In Part I, the large number of surviving division lists and related parliamentary sources are analyzed, in order to provide a picture of the size and structure of the membership of the party in the House of Lords. In Part II, a session by session narrative of the debates in the Upper Chamber illustrates the leadership's attempts at parliamentary management, and shows how the Rockinghamite peers developed an increasingly coherent outlook on domestic, colonial and constitutional issues. Part Ill illuminates how Rockinghamite peers were caught between the conflicting poles of onerous political duties, and the attractions of local or particularist interests. On an analogy with their own bodily illnesses, and their conflated ideas of the diseased condition of the constitution, this dilemma is examined in terms of ease and 'dis-ease', in order to understand the party's collective mentality. What emerges is a complex portrait of the Rockingham Whig party in the House of Lords. At the centre there was a core of regular voters, a steady ideological out look, and a solid commitment to public life. But for the rest of the Rockingham Whigs there were great variations in the degree of their political allegiance, in the extent of their articulated affiliation to the leadership's policies, and in the continuity of their political motivations. Yet despite all the problems that they faced in opposition, the Rockingham Whig party succeeded in maintaining a well defined cohesion.

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24

Lebo, Franklin Barr. "Between bureaucracy and democracy| Regulating administrative discretion in Japan". Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618878.

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This study explores the link between democracy and bureaucracy using Japan as the critical case study. The research question is whether competition by multiple principals creates opportunities for bureaucratic drift. This project hypothesizes that policy settings including multiple principals (independent variable) are more likely to manifest bureaucratic drift (dependent variable). At the same time, policy settings excluding multiple principals (independent variable) are more likely to manifest less bureaucratic drift (dependent variable). Variation in agent discretion is the critical effect of the independent variable (i.e., number of principals) on the dependent variable (bureaucratic drift).

Evaluating the exercise of discretion of administrators is feasible if one's evidence is primarily from the administrators themselves. To test these hypotheses, therefore, this project adopts a research design based on a qualitative case study methodology. The case studies include four of Japan's ministries: the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), the Ministry of Land, Industry, Transportation, and Tourism (MLITT), and the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHLW). Likewise, the role of the National Personnel Authority (NPA) in the administrative system is also evaluated. Research participants include both participants in the Mike Mansfield Fellowship Program along with NPA administrators.

This study contributes to the extant corpus of research in a number of salient respects. First, this project proposes a different dependent variable in that most studies are focused on administrative reform whereas the focus here is on bureaucratic drift. Second, this project discusses the important effect of bureaucratic discretion. Third, while relevant to the quality of the Japanese democracy in particular, these findings may be leveraged to a larger conversation about the relationship between bureaucracy and democracy in the Asian context and perhaps beyond. Finally, this project provides an explicit policy recommendation for contemporary Japanese politics proposing that greater authority be delegated to administrative agents, albeit supervised by a powerful intermediary, to minimize bureaucratic drift.

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Aktan, Ali Sahin. "A Critical Approach To The Evaluation Of The Establishment Of Provinces In The Turkish Public Administration System". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607954/index.pdf.

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The establishment of new provinces, as administrative divisions of central government, is based on the criteria and principles stated in the Constitution and the Provincial Administration Act numbered 5442. It is argued that the principles in the legislation are not sufficient and objective for establishing provinces. The number of the provinces began to increase after the multiparty period, dated 1946, and gained momentum after 1980s. The aim of this thesis is to explore the justification of the establishment of new provinces: Were they established in conformity with the legislation? Or established with political concerns? In this respect, the last 14 provinces, established after 1980s, are analyzed as a case study.

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Hanson, John William. "An urban geography of the Roman world, 100 B.C. to A.D. 300". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f7f02498-4ae1-4ff0-81f6-aad909f041b1.

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Although there have been numerous studies of individual cities or groups of cities, there has never been a study of the urbanism of the Roman world as a whole, meaning that we have been poorly informed not only about the number of cities and how they were distributed and changed over time, but also about their sizes and populations, monumentality, and civic status. This thesis provides a new account of the urbanism of the Roman world between 100 B.C. and A.D. 300. To do so, it draws on a combination of textual sources and archaeological material to provide a new catalogue of cities, calculates new estimates of their areas and uses a range of population densities to estimate their populations, and brings together available information about their monumentality and civic status for the first time. This evidence demonstrates that, although there were relatively few cities, many had considerable sizes and populations, substantial amounts of monumentality, and held various kinds of civic status. This indicates that there was significant economic growth in this period, including both extensive and intensive economic growth, which resulted from an influx of wealth through conquest and the intrinsic changes that came with Roman rule (including the expansion of urbanism). This evidence also suggests that there was a system that was characterised by areas of intense urban demand, which were met through an efficient system for the extraction of necessity and luxury goods from immediate hinterlands and an effective system for bringing these items from further afield. The disruption of these links seems to have put this system under considerable strain towards the end of this period and may have been sufficient to cause its ultimate collapse. This appears to have been in marked contrast to the medieval and early modern periods, when urbanism was more able to respond to changes in supply and demand.

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27

Li, Rui. "Martino Martini's Novus Atlas Sinensis and its Chinese source materials :a comparison of the list of China's main administrative divisions". Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954077.

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Price, Norman George. "The relationship of the Home Office and the Ministry of Labour with the Treasury Establishment Division 1919-1946 : an evaluation of contrasting needs". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1101/.

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The thesis examines three Departments of the British Home Civil Service from 1919 to 1946: the Home Office, the Ministry of Labour and the Treasury Establishment Division. The study investigates the contrasting needs, in establishment terms, of an old "Secretary of State" department the Home Office, performing a largely regulatory role, with a new department the Ministry of Labour performing an administrative role, and the relationship of both over establishment matters with the Treasury. The study assesses the roles of individual Administrative Class civil servants in the three departments from the rank of Principal to Permanent Secretary: with particular reference to the relationships existing between the Permanent Secretaries of the two departments and the Permanent Secretaries of the Treasury and their Controllers of Establishments. This is followed by an assessment of the work of the Treasury Establishment Division during the first 14 years of its existence from 1919 to 1933, comparing the work of the Standing Committee of Establishment Officers with the Home Office and Ministry of Labour reorganisation of their administrative staff during the same period. This is followed by an assessment made from examining the years of growth in the two Departments from 1933 to 1939 and the relationship of the Home Office and the Ministry of Labour with a reorganised Treasury Establishment Division. The study finishes with the examination of the changing needs of the two Departments during the war years from 1939 to 1945: with their extended roles when the Home Office took on administrative as well as regulatory roles in contrast to the Ministry of Labour (and National Service after September 1939) taking on regulatory as well as administrative roles. The role of the Treasury Establishment Division after the retirement of Warren Fisher in 1939 is measured against the impact that wartime staffing needs brought to the Division. The thesis concludes, first, that the restraints of the Treasury Establishment Division on establishment matters did not differ greatly over the claims made by the two Departments, despite their different historical backgrounds in the Home Civil Service, and their contrasting roles. Second, the effect of these restraints would have had a greater, and possibly harmful, impact in 1939 had the Home Office not quickly changed its incestuous establishment policy and adopted the Fisher concept (originally formulated in 1919) for the interchange of Administrative Class civil servants between departments; whilst, in contrast, the Ministry of Labour was able to adapt its pre-war administrative role to meet the requirements of its extended wartime role. Third, that the personality, style and political attitudes of the individual Permanent Secretaries had small effect on the success (or otherwise) of their dealing with the Treasury Establishment Division. This final conclusion is drawn from the effects of Ministerial intervention on establishment matters concerning individual Administrative Class civil servants.

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Stivers, Camilla. "Active citizenship in the administrative state". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87672.

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The intent of this research has been to develop an answer to the practical question of active citizenship in the administrative state. In political philosophy, the literature of direct democracy suggests that active citizens are people capable of learning to make decisive judgments in the public interest. But critics have held that the idea is unworkable: that modern governmental bureaucracies are too large and complex, interest group politics too entrenched, and human nature too self-interested for ordinary people to practice citizenship in an administrative framework. The project has two parts. First, the classic features of active citizenship have been recast in administrative terms, as citizens' exercise of purposeful discretion in the conduct of administrative affairs delegated to them by public administrators. It is argued that cooperative action by lay citizens and administrators-as-citizens within the framework of a public agency perspective can be seen as constituting a polis. Second, an example of existing interaction between lay citizens and administrators is examined: the Community Health Center Program in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is argued that this example, while neither capable of nor intended to support a general normative theory of public administration, illustrates that a true practice of active citizenship is possible within the administrative state. Features of the illustration are interpreted in light of this argument.
Ph. D.

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30

Oduwobi, Tunde. "Ijebu under colonial rule, 1892-1960 an administrative and political analysis /". Lagos : First Academic Publishers, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/57964881.html.

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Taratoot, Cole Donovan. "Administrative Law Judge Decision Making in a Political Environment, 1991 - 2007". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/political_science_diss/5.

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Unelected bureaucrats make a broad range of important policy decisions raising concerns of accountability in a democratic society. Many classics in the literature highlight the need to understand agency decisions at stages prior to the final vote by agency appointees, but few studies of the bureaucracy do so. To this point, scholars have treated the issue of shirking as one where laziness and inefficiency are the driving forces. However, it is more realistic to expect that shirking comes in the form of ideological resistance by administrators. I develop a theory that the independence afforded to the bureaucracy is functionally comparable to that of the judiciary, allowing for the insertion of individual attitudinal preferences by bureaucrats. Drawing from the attitudinal model of judicial research, I look at whether attitudes affect the decision making of administrative law judges at the National Labor Relations Board, the influence administrative law judge decisions have on reviewing bodies, and whether attitudinal decision making can be controlled by external political and legal actors. Results demonstrate that Democratic judges are more likely than Republican judges to rule for labor in unfair labor practice cases, administrative law judge decisions provide the basis for subsequent decisions of reviewing bodies, and that few political and legal controls exist over this set of bureaucrats. This research provides evidence that lower level bureaucrats make decisions based on their own political preferences and that these preferences have far ranging consequences for policy and law.

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Carrasco, Teodoro Enrique. "Assessing Administrative and Political Factors in Implementing a Living Wage Ordinance". FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/9.

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Since 2000, the number of living wage ordinances has steadily increased throughout the country. While most of the current research has focused on the beneficial outcomes of living wages, little has been published on their administrative practices. To address this shortcoming, this study focused on the identification of key administrative and political factors involved impacting the implementation of living wage ordinances in Miami-Dade and Broward Counties. The study utilized a triangulation of interviews, surveys, and direct observation. The author conducted interviews of administrators and members of the living wage oversight boards in both counties and observed the monthly meetings held by each county’s oversight board from January 2006 to June 2007. These findings were buttressed with a national survey of senior staff in other living wage communities. The study utilized descriptive statistics, Chi Square, Cronbach’s Alpha, and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient (Spearman’s rho). Interviews indicated that administrators in Dade and Broward are seriously under-staffed and budgeted. Ambiguities in the enabling ordinances have lead to loopholes that undermine implementation and accountability for participating contractors. Survey results showed that policy ambiguity, organizational politics, and a lack of organizational capacity were significant negative factors in the implementation process while an organizational culture emphasizing consistent enforcement was a positive factor. Without the proper inputs, an organization hinders itself from meeting its outputs and outcomes. This study finds that Broward and Miami-Dade Counties do not provide the necessary administrative support to implement a living wage effectively – in stark contrast to the high hopes and strong political support behind their passage. For a living wage to succeed, it first needs an organizational culture committed to providing the necessary resources for implementation as well as transparent, consistent accountability mechanisms.

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Silva, Cleide Helena Prudêncio da. "Construindo e reconstruindo o Acre : a reivindicação de autonomia de Vila Campinas /". Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96777.

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Orientador: Eda Maria Góes
Banca: Raul Borges Guimarães
Banca: Silvio Simione da Silva
Resumo: O presente trabalho realiza um estudo sobre a formação territorial do Brasil e do Acre, como ponto de partida para se refletir sobre uma nova configuração das terras acreanas. O processo de emancipação de Vila Campinas, localizada no município de Plácido de Castro, Estado do Acre, é o recorte empírico utilizado para análise. O contexto de lutas pela criação de Estados, Territórios e Municípios é ressaltado para se fazer a conexão do local com o global. A Geografia Política dará o embasamento teórico para se analisarem os processos de construção e reconstrução de novos territórios. Na localidade estudada enfatizar-se-ão os seguintes aspectos para entender a sua formação: as migrações para o Estado nas décadas de 1970/19880, a implantação dos projetos de assentamentos como política de reforma agrária para a região amazônica e a articulação da Comissão Pró-Emancipação, que dará base para se aglutinar os olhares divergentes sobre a temática.
Abstract: The present work realize a study about the territorial formation of Brasil and of Acre, as staring point for us to think about a new configuration of the lands from Acre. The process of emancipation of Vila Campinas, located Plácido de Castro - Acre, is the impiric cutting used for analysis. The context of fights for the creation of States, Territories and Municipal districts is stood out for us to make the connection of the place with the global. The Political geography will give the theoretical basement to analyze the construction processes and reconstruction of new territories. In the planned place we will emphasize the following aspects to understand its formation: the migration for the State in 70s/80s, the implantation of the projects of establishment s like land reform politics for the Amazonian area and Comissão Pró- Emancipação, thtat will give base to agglutinate the divergent watch on the theme.
Mestre

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Koo, Ming-chu Pearl, i 古明珠. "A study of political accountability in the HKSAR government". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31966536.

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Koo, Ming-chu Pearl. "A study of political accountability in the HKSAR government". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23295399.

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Pallais, Diana Margarita. "Breaching protocol : caciquismo and administrative capacity in rural Mexico /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10757.

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Keenes, Ernie (Ernest Morley) Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "Embedded liberalism and Canada: state reorganization in the international political economy". Ottawa, 1991.

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Pirotta, Godfrey A. "The administrative politics of a micro-state : the Maltese Public Service, 1800-1940". Thesis, University of Bath, 1991. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292814.

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Lopez, John Emile. "Negotiating accountability: Administrative and legislative conceptions, characterizations, and strategies". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279896.

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This study examined senior academic administrators' and state legislators' conceptions of accountability, characterizations of one another, and negotiation strategies to understand more clearly the dynamics related to this dimension of higher education policymaking and practice. The design of this study was multiple case studies anchored in qualitative data gathering. I interviewed 14 individuals in a Midwestern state and 14 in a Western state. In each state, I interviewed seven state legislators and seven academic administrators from two public higher education institutions and the System Office. I analyzed the data by identifying first- and second-order themes, completing a categorical analysis, and using a conceptually ordered data matrix to conduct cross-case analysis. The study suggests that administrators and legislators: (1) have noticeably different conceptions of accountability, (2) somewhat accurately perceived how the other group conceives of accountability, and (3) report using problem-solving strategies and that members of the other group use contending strategies.

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Keeler, Rebecca L. "Managing Outsourced Administrative Discretion". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/832.

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An entire body of administrative law exists to guide the administrative discretion of public administrators. Although an increasing share of public services is being outsourced to the private sector, much of administrative law is not applicable to governments’ contracted agents. Alternatively, contracting agencies use the contract instrument to guide and constrain contractors’ exercise of delegated administrative discretion. This essay reports on a study of selected Florida local governments’ contracts for residential trash collection services. Although minimal discretion was placed in contractors’ hands, it still presented opportunities for abuse. The local governments used a variety of ways to manage the administrative discretion, including the imposition of public service ethics and transparency requirements. Upon analysis of contractual grants of and constraints upon administrative discretion, some suggestions are offered for enhancing contractual management of delegated administrative discretion.

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Wessely, Wolfgang. "Eckpunkte der Parteistellung Wegweiser für Gesetzgebung und Vollziehung /". Wien : Springer, 2008. http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=276240.

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Engram, Thomas E. "Liberty, Equality and Fairness: A Study of Citizen Participation in Federal Agency Rulemaking". unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03312008-155408/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. William L. Waugh, Jr., committee chair; Michael B. Binford, Robert M. Howard, committee members. Electronic text (167 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 22, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 136-143).

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Read, Simon Keneth Owen. "Industrial relations in the road passenger transport industry : a political-economic analysis". Thesis, Aston University, 1989. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10835/.

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This thesis examines the British Bus and Tram Industry from 1889 to 1988. The first determinant of the pattern of industrial relations is the development of the labour-process. The labour process changes with the introduction of new technology (electrified trams and mechanised buses), the concentration and centralisation of ownership, the decline of competition, changing market position, municipal and state regulation, ownership and control. The tram industry, as a consequence of electrification, is almost wholly municipally owned and the history of the labour process from horse-trams to the decline of the industry is examined. The bus industry has a less unified structure and is examined by sector; London, Municipal, and Territorial/Provincial. The small independent sector is largely ignored. The labour process is examined from the horse-bus to the present day. The development of resistance in the labour process is discussed both as a theoretical problematic (the `Braverman Debate') and through the process of unionisation, the centralisation and bureaucratisation of the unions, the development of national bargaining structures (National Joint Industrial Council and the National Council for the Omnibus Industry), and the development of resistance to those processes. This resistance takes either a syndicalist form, or under Communist Party leadership the form of rank and file movements, or simply unofficial organisations of branch officials. The process of centralisation of the unions, bureaucratisation and the institutionalisation of bargaining and the relationship between this process and the role of the Unions in the Labour Party is examined. Neo-corporatism, that is the increasing integration of the leadership of the main Union, the T.G.W.U.with the Labour Party and with the State is discussed. In theoretical terms, this thesis considers the debate around the notion of `labour process', the relationship between labour process and labour politics and between labour process and labour history. These relationships are placed within a discussion of class consciousness.

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Mubaidin, Okleh M. Y. "Structural and administrative constraints on the Jordanian fiscal system : the case for tax revenue". Thesis, University of Essex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290996.

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Poulain, Mathilde. "The political economy of financial regulation". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E001/document.

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La présente thèse contribue à la littérature florissante sur la capture du régulateur en approfondissant notre compréhension des phénomènes de la capture cognitive et informationnelle sous de multiples angles. Le manuscrit est partitionné en trois chapitres. Dans un premier chapitre, je développe un modèle théorique afin d'étudier le difficile arbitrage auquel est confronté un dirigeant politique lorsque celui-ci délègue la régulation du système financier. Le choix opéré par le dirigeant politique dépend de son environnement politique et des caractéristiques du domaine réglementé. Dans un second chapitre, je définis des indicateurs de capture du régulateur et les applique à une base de données construite en rassemblant les pratiques de gouvernances et procédures de 42 agences indépendantes. Ce travail a pour but d’évaluer les prévisions du modèle théorique présenté en chapitre 1. Le troisième chapitre a pour objectif d’expliquer les disparités constatées entre agences indépendantes. Des hypothèses concurrentes sont ainsi testées : les explications politiques versus les explications culturelles et historiques
This dissertation contributes to the thriving literature in regulatory capture deepening our understanding of both cognitive and information capture along multiple lines. In chapter 1, I develop a theoretical model to analyze the difficult trade-off faced by politicians when delegating the regulation of the financial service industry. The model shows that the principal trades off the superior knowledge of the financial experts against their regulatory bias in favor of the regulated industry. Where the principal comes down on this trade-off depends on how complex the regulatory area is, and on how intense the industry’s preferences are. In chapter 2, I define precise indicators of regulatory capture and construct a data set of 42 agencies that allow me to evaluate the expectations of the model. My results show that the race to sophistication and the powers of financial lobbies seem to have influenced agency design: financial regulators better prevent information capture than cognitive capture. In chapter 3, I test two competing hypotheses to explain the disparities in agencies design: political explanations versus historical and culture explanations. I show that agencies’ level of independence and accountability is explained by the credible commitment hypothesis. This hypothesis however fails to explain agencies level of integrity, appearing commonly low

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Surty, Fatima. "The political / administrative interface: the relationship between the executive mayor and municipal manager". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4188_1334910053.

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Local government is arguably the most significant sphere of government to lay citizens, as it is the point of contact of citizens with their government. Local government enables a direct link between the general public and the basic services that they are entitled to by means of their constitutional and legislatively entrenched rights. It is the only sphere of government that allows and encourages face-to-face engagement between citizens and their governors, providing the necessary platform for interaction, contact and communication. It is imperative therefore that this tier of government operate optimally and competently, as it represents a reflection of the operation of government wholly. Research unfortunately illustrates that public perceptions of local government are negative, with levels of trust in local government being substantially lower than those in provincial and national governments. The responsibility for failure to perform would lie squarely on the shoulders of those individuals leading any institution. The leading incumbents driving a municipality are the political and administrative heads, i.e. executive mayor and municipal manager.

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McLaren, P. A. D. "The political, administrative and voluntary sector contexts of recruitment in a local community". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327926.

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Robbin, Alice. "Administrative policy as symbol system: Political conflict and the social construction of identity". Sage Publications, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106283.

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Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity, formerly known as Statistical Policy Directive 15, is a classification system that governs the U.S. government's collection and presentation of data on race and ethnicity. The directive underwent a public evaluation between 1993 and 1997 to determine whether the racial and ethnic group categories should be revised. This article links theories of the role of the state in the social order and the social construction of identity to explain how conflictual political processes modify administrative policy. Two narratives on the debates over the reclassification of "Native Hawaiians" and the addition of a "multiracial" category illustrate recent political conflicts over group identities established by state agencies. The author argues that the main explanation for administrative policy changes was the responsiveness of state agencies to political demands of significantly mobilized groups with claims to state resources.

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Cheung, Anthony Bing Leung. "The politics of administrative reforms in Hong Kong : corporatization of public services during the 1980s". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362510.

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Barroso, Luis. "The problems and the controls of the new administrative state of the EU". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/279/.

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Over the last two decades the shape of the European public administration has changed considerably; the EU has become much more strongly involved in the regulation of very dynamic and fluid market activities. One of the consequences of that has been an increasing reliance on EU regulatory agencies to perform the novel administrative tasks. While agencies can be beneficial for the EU, they also generate new problems. In particular, these bodies have limited resources and have to rely on (national and sector) external capacities to a significant extent. There is a risk here that if the important issues are mainly capacity-related and „liquid‟, it will be very difficult to ensure „checks and balances‟ in these institutional systems. The thesis examines this through case-studies (EU regulatory agencies) in medicines, chemicals, financial services and aviation. It finds that the problems in each EU agency are different and unpredictable. In such a context, having more external and static controls on the agencies will hardly improve things. An alternative „framework‟ (that of fluid administrative law) should be considered to deal with the challenges of the new administrative state. It promotes constant administrative law principles (internal process, external justification, commitment to pluralism and policy effectiveness) to coordinate the operation of the agencies, and offers institutional tools for the dynamic application of such principles. As the „solutions‟ for each agency should have to vary, the review of these bodies (which usually occurs every three years) could be used to address the required heterogeneity of the controls. In order to make the best use of that exercise, the creation of a new European agency to review the regulatory agencies and make proposals for each of them (according to the fluid law principles) might be envisioned.

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