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Kluczewska-Wójcik, Agnieszka. "modernité "orientale"". Manazir Journal 3 (7.03.2022): 110–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/manazir.2021.3.8.
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Oriental influences present in Polish culture since the Middle Ages and incarnated by the idea of “sarmatisme” were re-evaluated or outright rejected by the young modernist generation. In fact, at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century the traditional Polish “Orientality” was replaced by a wave of interest for the aesthetics of Islamic art, a reflection of the European “Oriental renaissance”. The Polish imaginarium had long associated the art and culture of Islam uniquely to the Middle East and its craft. The romantic epoch brought with it a new interest for medieval Spain, Granada in particular, its history and monuments, reflected in the poetry of Adam Mickiewicz and the museographic realisations of Izabela Czartoryska at Puławy or Tytus Działyński at Kórnik. If architectural projects, principally of “Moorish” synagogues and internal decorations for aristocratic and bourgeois palaces still belong to a nineteenth century oriental current, they do however already reveal a will typical of pre-war decades by virtue of granting significance to Islamic decorative principles. In the first decades of the twentieth century, “à l’orientale” motifs recurrent in fashion and the visual universe, as witnessed by contemporary novels, found a sort of counterpoint in propositions made by representatives of the Polish applied art revival movement, successful hybridization of European, oriental and popular models: fabrics, carpets, metal and leather objects of artists from the Warsztaty Krakowskie (Cracow workshops, founded 1913) such as Józef Czajkowski, Wojciech Jastrzębowski, Bonawentura Lenart, and Karol Tichy, “javano-cracovian” batiks of young workshop apprentices or even the glazed ceramics of Stanisław Jagmin. Displayed at the 1925 Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts in Paris, the Cracow Workshop adherent’s productions draw the attention of the European public and critics on this peculiar breed of national “primitivist” style tainted with Orientalism.
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Kalewska, Anna. "António Feijó i Leopold Staff – poetyckie wizje Orientu na tle polsko-portugalskich relacji literackich i kulturalnych (od parnasizmu do palimpsestu)". Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 21 (23.12.2021): 167–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.21.10.
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The article aims to discuss the Chinese culture inspirations in Polish and Portuguese modernist poetry. In the context of Polish-Portuguese literary relationships, late Romantic, Symbolic, Parnassianism-related and Oriental tendencies are presented in the works of a Portuguese poet Antón Feijó (1859–1917), with references to a selected aspect of Leopold Staff’s works (1878–1957). A historical-literary analysis is accompanied by literary and cultural comparative studies. Within the comparative method of presenting the Parnassian palimpsests, as 'The Chinese Lyric Book' ('Cancioneiro Chinês', 1890) by António Feijó and 'Chinese Flute' ('Fletnia chińska', 1922) by Leopold Staff are categorised, the thesis about the independent status of the works in question was built. Modernist visions of the Orient, understood to date a paraphrase or an adaptation of Chinese poetry read in translations from French, gain the status of original works. In view of blurring the differences between the European adaptations – Portuguese poem and Polish poetic prose, based on Oriental motifs drawn from two different French sources (translations): Judith Gautier’s and Franz Touissant’s works – and the Chinese original, the methodological approach to the text as to a palimpsest is justified. Feijó’s “Chinese Poetry” and Oriental poetic landscapes in Staff’s prose are therefore independent literary works, analysed in parallel, as mirror reflections of the fascination with the Orient’s culture. The literary works in question fully deserve the title of cultural texts, the recipient of which will be a Polish reader, a lover of poetry inspired by French Parnassianism.
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Landowski, Zbigniew. "Orientalists and Oriental Studies in Interwar Vilnius (1920–1939)". Tom 69, Numer 2 2024, nr 2 (17.06.2024): 33–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/0023589xkhnt.24.014.19819.
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In interwar Poland, academic Oriental studies developed in three distinct centres, although the Orientalist community remained decentralized. In Vilnius, several scholars in this field were active and conducted both research and instruction of Oriental languages. Among them were Poles, Jews, Karaites and Tatars. Professionally, they were also diverse, including linguists, biblical scholars, Palestinologists, museologists, lecturers, and rabbis. Their academic pursuits encompassed religious studies, Semitic studies (with a focus on Hebrew), Ancient Eastern philology, Sanskrit, Ottoman Turkish studies, Turkish dialectology, Karaim studies, and ethnographic studies of the Polish Orient. In terms of education, they were involved in both school and university instruction, teaching Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish, and Karaim. Noteworthy figures among these scholars in Vilnius included: Antoni Cichoński, Zofia Dubińska, Aleksander Dubiński, Dawid Neiger, Paweł Nowicki, Jan Otrębski, Seraja Szapszał, Jakub Szynkiewicz, Franciszek Tyczkowski, Bolesław Wilanowski, Ali Ismaił Woronowicz, Ananiasz Zajączkowski, and Włodzimierz Zajączkowski, along with Władysław Zimnicki. However, the research on Jewish, Tatar (Quranic) and Karaim education in Vilnius remains scant. Beyond scholarly and pedagogical pursuits, Orientalist activities in Vilnius extended to numerous institutions, including the Jewish Library, the Karaim and Tatar Museum, and various associations (including the Polish Oriental Society). Moreover, the city served as a hub for many periodicals, such as “Myśl Karaimska,” “Rocznik Tatarski,” “Życie Tatarskie,” as well as many Jewish magazines. Vilnius also hosted two Congresses of Polish Orientalists (in 1932 and 1937).
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Górski, Eugeniusz. "El pensamiento filosófico y social latinoamericano desde perspectiva europea oriental". Estudios Latinoamericanos 15 (31.12.1992): 243–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36447/estudios1992.v15.art8.
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Abstract/ short description
The article presents an overview of philosophical developments in Latin America. Its aim is to relate the Latin American philosophical thought to its Polish equivalents. For example: the emergence of the so-called Liberation Theology in the beginning was greatly contested by Polish Catholic philosophers. Later they became less critical as they started to compare Liberation theology to the ideas of 19th Century Catholic clergy that opposed the partition of Poland. Despite this and many other influences Górski concludes that relations between eastern European and Latin American philosophical thoughts were limited.
Short description written by Michal Gilewski
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Dubiński, Adam J. "Aleksander Dubiński (1924–2002), on the 20th anniversary of his death". Vilnius University Proceedings 48 (17.06.2024): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lkac.2024.4.
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The aim of the article is to present the profile and professional path of Aleksander Dubiński (1924–2002) on the twentieth anniversary of his death. A long-time researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies at the University of Warsaw and a student tutor, he was interested in many aspects of turcological knowledge, with a particular emphasis on research on the culture of the Karaim minority and Lithuanian-Polish Tatars. The article also discusses the Oriental book collection and periodicals left by Aleksander Dubiński.
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Królikowska-Jedlińska, Natalia. "The Polish Rulers and the Catholic Missionaries from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Black Sea Region (1625–1721)". Mission Studies 40, nr 3 (7.12.2023): 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341927.
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Abstract The paper examines the key elements characterizing the Polish rulers’ policy towards the Polish-Lithuanian Catholic missionaries in the Orient through three vital events of its history: the establishment and development of the Dominican mission in the Crimea (1625–1659), the plans of John II Casimir Vasa and Louise Marie Gonzaga to found the network of Jesuit stations in three Oriental capitals in the 1650s, and the invigoration of the Polish Jesuits’ activity in Persia connected with John III Sobieski’s attempts to win the support of the Safavids for an anti-Ottoman alliance in the last quarter of the 17th century. These episodes show that the Polish-Lithuanian missionaries from the Dominican order in the Crimea received limited diplomatic and financial assistance from Poland-Lithuania. The two remaining reveal how Polish rulers were able to support the missionaries, who alongside their missionary work were supposed to perform some diplomatic tasks. Between 1653 and 1654, the royal couple invested considerable funds to send particular members of the Societatis Iesu to the Oriental capitals. The following few years proved, however, that Poland-Lithuania could not provide sufficient diplomatic support to ensure the longevity of this project, especially after the outbreak of the mid-seventeenth-century wars on its territory. The increased activity of the Polish Jesuits in Persia was also observed during the war of the Holy League with the Ottoman empire, strictly connected with John III Sobieski’s hopes to win the shah for the anti-Ottoman coalition. The death of the royal patron, followed by the outbreak of the Great Northern War, combined with hostility from the Gregorian Armenians and the increasingly influential Shiʾi clergy, proved to have tragic consequences for the Polish Jesuits’ missionary project in Persia.
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Temchin, Sergei. "The Arabic-Turkish Fragments of the Croatian Latinist Writer Bartul Đurđević in the Polish Anti-Tatar Book Alfurkan Tatarski by Piotr Czyżewski (Wilno, 1616/1617)". Slavistica Vilnensis 65, nr 2 (28.12.2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/slavviln.2020.65(2).45.
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The article focuses on the small Oriental texts published in Piotr Czyżewski’s Polish anti-Muslim pamphlet Alfurkan tatarski (Wilno, 1616/1617) directed against the local Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. These texts consist of a small Arabic-Turkish prayer and the well-known Ottoman prophecy about “The Red Apple” and the expected victory of Christians over the Turks. The author argues that they go back to the Latin-language editions of the Croatian writer Bartul Đurđević/Bartolomej Georgijević (c. 1506 – c. 1566), who, after his return from a long Ottoman captivity, published several books on the Turkish subjects that were translated into many national European languages and disseminated in different editions throughout Western and Central Europe. These editions often contained samples of Ottoman texts accompanied by a parallel Latin translation and Latin-language interpretations of them, as well as small bilingual dictionaries, thus introducing Islam and the Turkish language to Europe. The article demonstrates the widespread prevalence of both Oriental texts (the Arabic-Turkish prayer and the Ottoman prophecy) in the European printed tradition and the presence of interest in them in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, evidenced by a manuscript copy of the Ottoman prophecy (late 17th century) and the Polish translation of both texts published in 1548 and 1615.
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Arent, Olga. "PORWANIE LUB PRZETRZYMYWANIE DLA OKUPU WEDŁUG KODEKSU KANONÓW KOŚCIOŁÓW WSCHODNICH Z 1990 ROKU". Civitas et Lex 4, nr 4 (30.12.2014): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/cetl.2026.
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Subject of this article is the legal research on crime of kidnapping or hostage- keeping forransom in jurisdiction of Code of Canons of Oriental Churches. Dogmatic and legal analysis ofnorms of the present code shows that can. 1445 and can. 1451 CCEO of 1990, alike can. 1370and can. 1397 Code of Canon Law (CIC of 1983), provide the possibility to punish perpetratorsof kidnapping or hostage – keeping for ransom of cleric persons, as well as any other person.Regarding this crime, penal sanctions upon CCEO of 1990 are heavier than these, which can beordered based on CIC of 1983.Aside from mentioned offences, Canon Law of Oriental Churches penalizes physical or psychicaltortures, so offender who kidnap or keep hostages with tortures will be liable for this crime.According to Canon Code of Oriental Churches, solely the court can order penalties, so likewisein polish penal law. However, due to specific ecclesiastic community, the nature of penal sanctionsis spiritual.
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Kończak, Izabela. "Listy akademika Aleksandra Nikołajewicza Samojłowicza do profesora Tadeusza Kowalskiego". Studia Orientalne 21, nr 1 (2022): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/so2022108.
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Professor Tadeusz Kowalski (1889–1948) corresponded with scholars from practically all over the world. He was interested in the developments of Oriental studies in the Soviet Union. He valued the publications he received from the USSR, as well as all contacts he had with Russian researchers. He sought to cooperate with Alexander Samoylovich (1880–1938) – one of the most eminent Turkologists in the Soviet Union. This goal had been partially achieved. The archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków now hold, catalogued under ref. No. KII-4, j. 174, just three letters from the Russian Turkologist. Despite their small number, these materials are an engrossing source of knowledge on the state of Soviet Turkish studies in the mid 1920s and the Soviet Oriental studies community. These letters are all the more precious – as the author managed to determine – as the branch of the archives at the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, where the legacy of professor Samoylovich is kept, has no copies. It is interesting that there are no surviving copies of the letters from professor Kowalski to the Russian Turkologist. The article’s purpose is the edition of the letters of Alexander Nikolaevich Samojłowicz – a Soviet turkologist – to Professor Tadeusz Kowalski, including their translation into Polish. These documents constitute a certificate of international academic relations development between scientists from Poland and the Soviet Union in the interwar period.
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Grzybkowska, Teresa. "PROFESSOR ZDZISŁAW ŻYGULSKI JR.: AN OUTSTANDING PERSON, A GREAT PERSONALITY, A MUSEUM PROFESSIONAL, A RESEARCHER ON ANTIQUE WEAPONS, ORIENTAL ART AND EUROPEAN PAINTING (1921–2015)". Muzealnictwo 58, nr 1 (13.02.2017): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5602.
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Professor Zdzisław Żygulski Jr. (1921–2015) was one of the most prominent Polish art historians of the second half of the 20th century. He treated the history of art as a broadly understood science of mankind and his artistic achievements. His name was recognised in global research on antique weapons, and among experts on Rembrandt and Leonardo da Vinci. He studied museums and Oriental art. He wrote 35 books, about 200 articles, and numerous essays on art; he wrote for the daily press about his artistic journeys through Europe, Japan and the United States. He illustrated his publications with his own photographs, and had a large set of slides. Żygulski created many exhibitions both at home and abroad presenting Polish art in which armour and oriental elements played an important role. He spent his youth in Lvov, and was expatriated to Cracow in 1945 together with his wife, the pottery artist and painter Eva Voelpel. He studied English philology and history of art at the Jagiellonian University (UJ), and was a student under Adam Bochnak and Vojeslav Molè. He was linked to the Czartoryski Museum in Cracow for his whole life; he worked there from 1949 until 2010, for the great majority of time as curator of the Arms and Armour Section. He devoted his whole life to the world of this museum, and wrote about its history and collections. Together with Prof. Zbigniew Bocheński, he set up the Association of Lovers of Old Armour and Flags, over which he presided from 1972 to 1998. He set up the Polish school of the study of militaria. He was a renowned and charismatic member of the circle of international researchers and lovers of militaria. He wrote the key texts in this field: Broń w dawnej Polsce na tle uzbrojenia Europy i Bliskiego Wschodu [Weapons in old Poland compared to armaments in Europe and the Near East], Stara broń w polskich zbiorach [Old weapons in Polish armouries], Polski mundur wojskowy [Polish military uniforms] (together with H. Wielecki). He was an outstanding researcher on Oriental art to which he dedicated several books: Sztuka turecka [Turkish art], Sztuka perska [Persian art], Sztuka mauretańska i jej echa w Polsce [Moorish art and its echoes in Poland]. Prof. Zdzisław Żygulski Jr. was a prominent educator who enjoyed great respect. He taught costume design and the history of art and interiors at the Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow, as well as Mediterranean culture at the Mediterranean Studies Department and at the Postgraduate Museum Studies at the UJ. His lectures attracted crowds of students, for whose needs he wrote a book Muzea na świecie. Wstęp do muzealnictwa [Museums in the world. Introduction to museum studies]. He also lectured at the Florence Academy of Art and at the New York University. He was active in numerous Polish scientific organisations such as PAU, PAN and SHS, and in international associations such as ICOMAM and ICOM. He represented Polish art history at general ICOM congresses many times. He was also active on diverse museum councils all over Poland.
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Синдецкая [Sindetskaja], Наталия [Natalija]. "Виллем Эрнитс (1891–1982) – первый эстонский полонист". Acta Baltico-Slavica 37 (30.06.2015): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2013.041.
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Villem Ernits (1891–1982) – the first Estonian specialist in Polish philologyThe period between the two world wars – 1918–1939 – was the most fruitful time for Polish-Estonian cultural relations. The cooperation of Warsaw and Tallinn was especially intense in the 1930s, when the mutual interest of the countries culminated in the establishing of the department of the Estonian language in Poland. This article describes Villem Ernits’ work as a lecturer of Estonian in the University of Warsaw. The article also presents an overview of his scientific interests in the field of Slavonic philology during his work at the University of Tartu. Working as a teacher in both universities Ernits experienced two significant problems: there was inadequate research into teaching the subject, and the number of teaching materials was scarce. Although Ernits’ postwar pedagogical and scientific activity lies in the field of oriental studies, he can be definitely considered as one of the most important founders of the Polish-Estonian relations.
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Kulwicka-Kamińska, Joanna. "Piśmiennictwo religijne Tatarów Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego jako oryginalne źródło do badań polszczyzny północnokresowej". Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza 24, nr 2 (29.01.2018): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsj.2017.24.2.6.
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The religious writings of the Tatars constitute a valuable source for philological research due to the presence of heretofore unexplored grammatical and lexical layers of the north borderland Polish language of the 16th-20th centuries and due to the interference-related and transfer-related processes in the context of Slavic languages and Slavic-Oriental contacts. Therefore the basis for linguistic analyses is constituted by one of the most valuable monuments of this body of writing – the first translation of the Quran into a Slavic language in the world (probably representing the north borderland Polish language), which assumed the form of a tefsir. The source of linguistic analyses is constituted by the Olita tefsir, which dates back to 1723 (supplemented and corrected in the 19th century). On the basis of the material that was excerpted from this work the author presents both borderland features described in the subject literature and tries to point the new or only sparsely confirmed facts in the history of the Polish language, including the formation of the north borderland Polish language on the Belarusian substrate. Research involves all levels of language – the phonetic-phonological, morphological, syntactic and the lexical-semantic levels.
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Stachowski, Marek. "Nieznany wiersz okolicznościowy orientalisty Tadeusza Kowalskiego". LingVaria 13, nr 25 (30.05.2018): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.13.2017.25.16.
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An Unknown Occasional Poem by Polish Orientalist Tadeusz KowalskiThe question whether Tadeusz Kowalski, the founder of the Oriental philological studies in Poland, should first of all be considered a Turcologist or an Arabist has been disputed many times thus far but no satisfactory answer could be given. A new-found short occasional poem by Kowalski sheds light on the matter because the author calls himself a Turk and he adduces two etymologically Arabic words in their Turkish guise.
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Kulwicka-Kamińska, Joanna. "Leksyka tatarskich tekstów przekładowych". Białostockie Archiwum Językowe, nr 20 (2020): 97–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/baj.2020.20.09.
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This article presents various layers of vocabulary constituting lexis of the Tatar tefsir, i.e. the translation of the Quran to the Polish language of the northern borderland, performed in the 16th century by Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Most emphasis was put on the northern borderland, separated on the basis of criteria adopted in the literature of the subject. Selected vocabulary was arranged alphabetically. A context was given in which it occurs and a semantic characteristic was provided on the basis of lexicographic sources – Polish and the East Slavic Languages. It was found that Tatar tefsir contains words previously not described or present in other historic assets of north-eastern borderland. This is particularly true with respect to forms borrowed from the East Slavic Languages, including hybrid forms. What is more, it is characterised by the existence of Old Polish lexis, including names of people performing activities which were not recorded in dictionaries, and other, words used infrequently and in specific text types. Tatar tefsir is also a perfect source for historical studies of Slavic-Oriental relations.
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Musin, Aleksandr, i Błażej Michał Stanisławski. "Ladoga and Wolin as Nodal Centers of Trans-Baltic Contacts between Polish Lands and North-West of Eastern Europe in the 10th Century". Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, nr 5 (październik 2022): 361–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp225361382.
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The article deals with the Baltic-Oriental exchange system between early Piasts State and north-western Early Rus’ in the 9th—10th century as an element of a great communication artery. Ladoga and Wolin played a leading role of nodal centers in this communication. The inflow of Arabic dirhams to the Western Slavic lands was the main material determinant of contacts. Another direction of these relations is demonstrated by ceramic vessels specific to pottery of the North-Western Slavic territory detected in north-western Early Rus’. The small group of Tornow type vessels is registered in Gorodok on the Lovat’ River in the mid-10th century. Its chronology corresponds to the times of liquidation of strongholds in the Tornow-Klenica zone. It is interpreted as an archaeological evidence of slave trade between the Piasts and Baltic-Oriental trade diasporas. The material and religious culture and wooden building of the two settlements is characterized by a number of similarities. Post-and-plank constructions erected at the end of the 9th and the mid of the 10th century were attested there. The material culture registered inside and around these wooden structures indicates that they could have been the seats of “trade diasporas”. The article is intended to open a broad discussion about the cultural ties between the communities of Polish lands and Early Rus’ as well as the role of the Baltic-Oriental exchange system in the formation of early states.
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Majewicz, Alfred F. "Bronisław Piłsudski’s heritage and Lithuania". Acta Orientalia Vilnensia 10, nr 1-2 (1.01.2009): 63–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/aov.2009.3670.
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Adam Mickiewicz University The paper aims at introducing the results of research on the cultures and languages of the aboriginal peoples of the island of Sakhalin, the Lower Amur Region (Priamurye), and northern Japan (Ainu, Nivhgu, Uilta, Ulcha, and Nanai) conducted at the turn of the 19th and 20th century by Polish political exile Bronisław (Ginet) Piłsudski (1866–1918) and at presenting his ties with Lithuania: he used to introduce himself as Samogitian and Lithuanian (besides Polish―here the so-called nested ethnic identity is involved) and especially towards the end of his life emphasised this identity by inserting the name of his Lithuanian ancestors before his Polish family name. His seemingly long-forgotten legacy is now brought back to the attention of specialists with the appearance of the consecutive volumes of his Collected Works. The argumentation and conclusion of this Vilnius University anniversary article is that Piłsudski belongs to the same degree to the history of Oriental studies in both Lithuania and Poland and that both countries involved can only be proud of such a figure in the annals of their intellectual heritage.
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Mochalova, Victoria V. "“Joining the Institute turned out to be the luckiest choice of my life: I consider myself very fortunate”. Interview with Victoria V. Mochalova. 26 July 2021, Moscow, Neskuchny Garden". Slavic World in the Third Millennium 16, nr 3-4 (2021): 246–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2021.16.3-4.11.
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At the request of the editorial board of the journal Slavic World in the Third Millennium, Victoria Mochalova recounts her life. She has worked at the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1973. Currently, she is a leading researcher on the history of Polish and Czech literature, specializing in literature contacts and intercultural dialogue. She is also a specialist in Jewish studies, the editor-in-chief of the Judaic-Slavic Journal, and a member of the editorial boards of both the journal Slavianovedenie and the annuals Slavic & Jewish Cultures: Dialogue, Similarities, Differences and Tirosh. Jewish, Slavic & Oriental Studies. Victoria was awarded the Amicus Poloniae medal in 1975, The Gold Cross of Merit in 2013, and The Prize of Russian Academy of Sciences and The Polish Academy of Sciences for her contribution to science in 2008. She also won the Fiddler on the Roof 5773/2013 award in the Educational activities category in 2013.
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Kołodziejczyk, Dariusz. "SEMIOTICS OF BEHAVIOR IN EARLY MODERN DIPLOMACY: POLISH EMBASSIES IN ISTANBUL AND BAHÇESARAY". Journal of Early Modern History 7, nr 3 (2003): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006503772486883.
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AbstractCeremonial has always played a great role among European and Middle Eastern societies, reflecting the value systems cherished by their elites. Embassy instructions and envoys' reports provide valuable material concerning codes of behavior in early modern diplomacy. What was considered "proper," and how was an envoy expected to behave in order to stress his sovereign's dignity and power? Oriental courts in Istanbul and Bahçesaray developed elaborate ceremonials for foreign envoys. Forced into a deep prostration before the Muslim ruler, sometimes even threatened with physical violence, Polish envoys deeply resented their humiliation. Some of them sought comfort in alcohol, others produced fabulous reports of their imaginary altercations with Ottoman and Crimean dignitaries, and others found pleasure and revenge in contemptuous descriptions of their hosts' "barbarous" habits. Until recently, such diplomatic reports have been used in Polish historiography almost uncritically. Yet such reports often tell us more about their authors' mentalities than about the world they pretend to describe.
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Zarzeczny, Rafał. "Euzebiusz z Heraklei i jego "Homilia efeska" (CPG 6143) z etiopskiej antologii patrystycznej Qerellos". Vox Patrum 57 (15.06.2012): 807–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.4175.
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Classical oriental literatures, especially in Syriac, Arabic and Coptic languages, constitute extraordinary treasury for patristic studies. Apart from the texts written originally in their ecclesiastical ambient, the oriental ancient manuscripts include many documents completely disappeared or preserved in their Greek and Latin originals in defective form only. The same refers to the Ethiopian Christian literature. In this context so-called Qerəllos anthology occupies a particular place as one of the most important patristic writings. It contains Christological treaties and homilies by Cyril of Alexandria and other documents, essentially of the anti-nestorian and monophysite character, in the context of the Council of Ephesus (431). The core of the anthology was compiled in Alexandria and translated into Ge’ez language directly from Greek during the Aksumite period (V-VII century). Ethiopic homily by Eusebius of Heraclea (CPG 6143) is unique preserved version of this document, and also unique noted text of the bishop from V century. Besides the introduction to the Early Christian patristic literature and especially to the Qerəllos anthology, this paper offers a Polish translation of the Eusebius’s Homily with relative commentary.
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DANYLYUK, Nina, i Oksana ROHACH. "SOURCES OF THE FORMATION OF AHATANHEL KRYMSKYI’S LINGUISTIC PERSONA". Culture of the Word, nr 95 (2021): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/0201-419x-2021.95.2.
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The article is devoted to the sources of the formation of a linguistic persona of the future famous scholar, writer, translator, and polyglot – Ahatanhel Krymskyi. In the article there has been conducted an analysis of the communicative geographical and epistolary discursive area of A. Krymskyi at the times of his childhood and adolescence. These periods of his life we consider the decisive ones for his linguistic individualization and the definition of the parameters of a linguistic persona. The linguistic persona’s features were caused by the origin of A. Krymskyi (the Crimean Tartar roots, an intelligent family of a teacher of history and geography and a Polish Lithuanian noble woman), and his unique abilities (the boy learned to read at the age of 3 and a half, had a phenomenal memory, and an analytical brain). A great role was played by the multilingual and multicultural places of dwelling and studying, namely the following towns and cities: Volodymyr Volynskyi, Zvenyhorodka, Ostroh, Kyiv (such languages as Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, and Yiddish were spoken there and different ethnic cultures cooperated), Moscow (A. Krymskyi was surrounded by the Russian, Ukrainian, and other languages; a Ukrainian community was actively working), Beirut (in the city, the Arabic, French, Russian, and other languages were spoken; there was a unique environment of Eastern/Oriental cultures). The formation of a polyglot was favoured by the study of classical languages, Western European, Slavonic and Eastern / Oriental languages at the secondary and higher educational institutions. The evolution of scientific abilities of the specialist in the Ukrainian, Slavonic and Oriental studies was supported by the highly professional teachers (first of all Pavlo Zhytetskyi in Kyiv and Vsevolod Miller, Oleksii Veselovskyi, Ihnatii Krachkovskyi in Moscow). The communication with famous people (Ivan Franko, Borys Hrinchenko, Omelian Ohonovskyi, Mykhailo Pavlyk, Lesia Ukrainka and others) intensified the Ukrainian vector of the linguistic persona of A. Krymskyi. Creative possibilities of the linguopersona-writer and translator are reflected in his literary and translation heritage (the collection of poems “Palm branches” (1901, 1908), “The Stories of Beirut” (1906), the novel “Andrii Lahovskyi” (1905, a full version was published in 1972), translations of the poetry by Hafez, Omar Khayyam, Saadi, Ferdowsi, Turkish folk songs and others into Ukrainian and Russian.
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Łapicz, Czesław. "Kitabistyka: źródła, metodologia i perspektywy badawcze". Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza 24, nr 2 (29.01.2018): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsj.2017.24.2.7.
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The paper contains a synthetic discussion of original and little known philological manuscripts which had been created since the 16th century by Tatars – Muslims of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – as characteristic Slavic aljamiado. The preserved manuscripts in which Slavic languages – Polish and Belarusian – were recorded in the Arabic alphabet are enormously important for the history of both languages and the Slavic-Oriental language relations. Various types of these historical texts (kitabs, chamails, tajweeds, etc.) contain the first, that is the oldest (16th century), translation of the Quran into a Slavic language (Polish) recorded in the Arabic alphabet (so-called tafsir). These sources are studied within the framework of an original philological sub-discipline of Kitab Studies whose origin and development should be credited to Professor Anton Antonovich from Vilnius University. The author of the paper discusses the research methodology pertaining to these sources, particularly the transliteration of Slavic texts recorded in the Arabic alphabet into the Latin alphabet, and introduces prospective major research tasks for Kitab Studies.
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Oksana N., Polyanskaya. "Mongolian Studies in the USSR During the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945". Humanitarian Vector 15, nr 6 (grudzień 2020): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2020-15-6-180-188.
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The article is devoted to the history of Mongolian studies in the USSR during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. This research is based on the correspondence of the leading Russian specialists in Mongolian studies of the early 20th century N. N. Poppe and V. L. Kotvich, who successfully continued their research work in the 1920s–1940s. The paper makes reference to letters from the Polish Academy of Learning (Krakow) that contain aims of Soviet Mongolian studies, a work plan for 1941 and the scientific results of Mongolian cabinet of the USSR Institute of Oriental studies of the Academy of Sciences in the 1930s. It also focuses on memoirs by Lydia Leonidovna Viktorova published in 2003 as an important source for studying the activities and personal qualities of the Orientalists of the stated period. Lydia Leonidovna was a participant of the Great Patriotic War (an interpreter ‒ 1943–1944), a lecturer of Mongolian Philology Department and the Faculty of Oriental Studies at Leningrad State University (since 1956). She was a student of that faculty during the war (1945–1948) and in the first post-war years (1945–1948). The analysis of the correspondence makes it possible to conclude that the evacuated Institute of Oriental Studies continued its work in Tashkent, focusing mainly on the requirements put forward by the war. Mongolian studies were given renewed momentum in Buryat-Mongolian Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, Buryat-Mongolian Pedagogical Institute in Ulan-Ude, as well as in Irkutsk State University. As a result of evacuation and reorganization of the country’s central universities during the Great Patriotic War, leading orientalists, specialists in history and linguistics came to work in the national republics of the USSR and Siberia. The article reflects the wartime activity of such specialists in Mongolian studies as S. A. Kozin, T. A. Burdukova, K. M. Cheremisov, G. N. Rumyantsev, N. P. Shastina, D. D. Amogolonov, D. A. Abasheev and others. Keywords: Mongolian studies in the USSR, Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Leningrad State University, Buryat-Mongolian Pedagogical Institute, Buryat-Mongolian Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, the Great Patriotic War
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Zvorygin, A. A. "Журнал Wschód: опыт интеллектуального транзита идей прометеизма в польском обществе первой половины 1930-х годов". Вестник гуманитарного образования, nr 3(27) (28.11.2022): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25730/vsu.2070.22.029.
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The article is devoted to the Polish magazine Wschód as a phenomenon of intellectual transit of the foreign policy concept of Yu. Pilsudski on the dismemberment of the USSR (Prometheism) into the mass consciousness of Polish society in the first half of the 1930s. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of the journal and the Oriental Institute in the formation of a new national ideology of Poland. The concept of Russia as a "prison of peoples" that matured in the magazine was later implicitly accepted by the United States, which has not yet repealed the law on enslaved nations and in which the Day of Enslaved Peoples is still held. Until today, the concepts proposed by the authors of the Wschód magazine in the first half of the 1930s continue to be used and developed in the West. The main source for the preparation of the article was the Polish magazine "Wschód", which was not considered by historians as an independent phenomenon of the socio-political life of Poland in the The 1930s. In modern historiography, the topic of Prometheism is studied only as part of the political Polish discourse of the 1930s. Researchers did not consider the channels through which Prometheist ideas were broadcast to Polish society. Using historical-genetic and typological methods, the article reveals the circumstances of the genesis of the Oriental Institute, the circle of Orientalists and the journal. The conclusion is substantiated that Wschód, in addition to solving educational tasks, was engaged in identifying possible ethnic problems in the USSR, organizing a platform for their coverage in the scientific environment. The Soviet Union was perceived not as a multinational state, but as a Bolshevik reflection of the national imperial policy. The political elite of Poland, with the help of the magazine, "prescribed" probable national-territorial sketches aimed at undermining ideas about the USSR as an integral state. Статья посвящена польскому журналу Wschód как феномену интеллектуального транзита внешнеполитической концепции Ю. Пилсудского по расчленению СССР (прометеизма) в массовое сознание польского общества в первой половине 1930-х гг. Целью исследования является определение роли журнала и Восточного института в формировании новой национальной идеологии Польши. Вызревшая в журнале концепция России как «тюрьмы народов» была позднее имплицитно воспринята Соединенными Штатами, которые до сих пор не отменили закон о порабощенных нациях и в которых поныне проводится День порабощенных народов. Вплоть до сегодняшнего дня на Западе продолжают использоваться и развиваться концепции, которые предлагались авторами журнала Wschód в первой половине 1930-х гг. Главным источником при подготовке статьи стал польский журнал «Wschód», который не рассматривался историками как самостоятельный феномен социально-политической жизни Польши в 1930-е гг. В современной историографии тема прометеизма изучается лишь как часть политического польского дискурса 1930-х гг., исследователи не рассматривали каналы, по которым проходила трансляция прометеистских идей в польское общество. С использованием историко-генетического и типологического методов в статье выявлены обстоятельства генезиса Восточного института, кружка востоковедов и журнала. Обосновывается вывод о том, что Wschód, помимо решения просветительских задач, занимался выявлением возможных этнических проблем в СССР, организуя в научной среде площадку для их освещения. Советский Союз воспринимался не как многонациональное государство, а как большевистское отражение национальной имперской политики. Политическая элита Польши при помощи журнала «прописывала» вероятные национально-территориальные эскизы, ориентированные на подрыв представлений об СССР как о целостном государстве.
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Pełczyński, Grzegorz. "Grisza Aszwajanc i inni Ormianie w trylogii ukraińskiej Józefa Łobodowskiego". Lehahayer 8 (19.12.2021): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lh.08.2021.08.07.
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Grisha Ashvayants and other Armenians in the Ukrainian trilogy of Józef Łobodowski The article analyses the image of Armenians and their fate in the novel cycle of the Polish emigratory writer Józef Łobodowski (1909-1988). This cycle, called the Ukrainian trilogy (Komysze, 1955; W stanicy, 1958; Droga powrotna, 1960), is based on experiences of the author, who spent his youth in Kuban during World War One and the period shortly after the Bolshevik revolution. In this trilogy, Armenians do not constitute only the oriental decoration. Writing about these people, Łobodowski realised more serious intention. He seems to indicate that friendship between the novel hero Staś Majewski and the Armenian boy Grisha Ashvayants means not only incredible adventures but primarily the effective alliance of the weak against threatening powers. This alliance is not only individual but also uniting even the whole nations.
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Jakubczak, Marzenna. "Joga dla Polki i Polaka. Rzut oka na recepcję indyjskiej duchowości w Polsce". Argument: Biannual Philosophical Journal 9, nr 1 (30.06.2019): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20841043.9.1.7.
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Yoga for Poles: a glance at the reception of Indian spirituality in Poland: The article starts
with a review of data on the religious afliations and involvement of contemporary Poles, with
special focus on religious traditions originating in India. Then, outlined briefy is the Polish
reception of the Hindu and Buddhist religio-philosophical ideas, regarding the period between
the mid-nineteenth century, through the 1990s and on to the present day. Both the oriental
religions and psychophysical exercises associated with yoga have various connotations for Poles,
who mostly identif themselves as Christians. Along with the gradually growing popularity of
modern postural yoga, one can observe increasing fears and prejudices developing, ones which
are usually based on ignorance or confusion. In the following part of the article the term “yoga”
is elucidated. The author also discusses the origin and the signifcance of yoga as a phenomenon within the context of Hindu culture. Finally, she considers the question as to whether
yoga, as it has been adopted in Polish society, should be rather associated with physical culture
and a method of relaxation or with a religious movement and a spiritual path. In conclusion,
the author addresses the issue of the alleged incompatibility and discrepancy between the non-
-western ideas implied by yoga and the Roman Catholic worldview predominating in Poland.
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Rikev, Kamen. "“The First Foretaste of the True East” – A Polish Reporter in Post-Ottoman Ruse". Przegląd Humanistyczny, nr 68/4 (23.04.2023): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2022-4.4.
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The article confronts the urban myth about Ruse as the “most European city” in the Bulgarian lands with the reports from October 1886, published in Antoni Zaleski’s book "Z wycieczki na Wschód. Notatki dziennikarza" (From a trip to the East. A journalist’s notes). The comparison of the Polish observer’s notes with the most persistent elements of this myth reveals diametrically opposite notions about the city’s role in the modernization of Bulgaria during the second half of the 19th century. The key points in the narrative on Ruse as “the city of first things” and “the Gateway to Europe” include the Islahhane grand hotel as “the pearl” of modern Bulgarian accommodation and hospitality facilities; Ruse as a “Little Vienna” because of its architecture; Ruse as an important diplomatic center due to the presence of numerous consulates; the railway from Ruse to Varna as proof of the successful integration of the Bulgarian lands into the European transport system; and social and cultural life in Ruse as evidence of the break with the Oriental lifestyle. The article shows that the city regarded by its inhabitants as a “gateway to the West” was perceived by foreign visitors as a true “gateway to the East.” Zaleski builds his reports on the categories of East and West, European and Ottoman, Bulgarian and Turkish; his portrayal of the city puts it in the frame of an unquestionably Eastern, mixed Turkish-Bulgarian, post-Ottoman reality.
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Pluta, Michał, Katarzyna Bańka, Angelika Cieśla i Łukasz Rogala. "The state of breeding and use of Caspian horses in Europe and around the world". Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica 19, nr 3 (12.03.2021): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/asp.2020.19.3.10.
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The Caspian horse is one of the oldest horse breeds in the world and probably the first oriental domesticated horse. For centuries thought the breed had been considered extinct, until it was "rediscovered" in 1965 in Iran. The breed is quite important in the history of horse breeding, however, it is still little known. The aim of the work was to present the characteristics of the breed (conformation, characteristics and usage) and to assess the current state of the population in Europe and around the World. A survey was conduct among 18 breeders and included 120 horses. The population size was estimated based on the analysis of two breed registries. This study confirms and supplies information about Caspian horses available in the literature. Caspian horses can be very useful in refining small breeds of horses and could bring many profits in Polish breeding of sport ponies.
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Samczyński, Zbigniew, Rajmund S. Dybczyński, Halina Polkowska-Motrenko, Ewelina Chajduk, Marta Pyszynska, Bożena Danko, Elżbieta Czerska, Krzysztof Kulisa, Katarzyna Doner i Paweł Kalbarczyk. "Two New Reference Materials Based on Tobacco Leaves: Certification for over a Dozen of Toxic and Essential Elements". Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/216380.
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The preparation, certification, and characterization of two new biological certified reference materials for inorganic trace analysis have been presented. They are based on two different varieties of tobacco leaves, namely, Oriental Basma Tobacco Leaves (INCT-OBTL-5), grown in Greece, and Polish Virginia Tobacco Leaves (INCT-PVTL-6), grown in Poland. Certification of the materials was based on the statistical evaluation of results obtained in a worldwide interlaboratory comparison, in which 87 laboratories from 18 countries participated, providing 2568 laboratory averages on nearly 80 elements. It was possible to establish the certified values of concentration for many elements in the new materials, that is, 37 in INCT-OBTL-5 and 36 in INCT-PVTL-6, including several toxic ones like As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and so forth. The share and the role of instrumental analytical techniques used in the process of certification of the new CRMs are discussed.
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Gadamska-Serafin, Renata. "Góry Kaukaz jako wrota Orientu. Motywy orientalne w twórczości Tadeusza Łady-Zabłockiego". Góry, Literatura, Kultura 11 (17.07.2018): 111–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.11.9.
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THE CAUCASUS AS A GATE TO THE ORIENT. ORIENTAL MOTIFS IN TADEUSZ ŁADA-ZABŁOCKI'S OEUVREThe East, its culture and literature were always part of the rich, erudite poetic imagination of Tadeusz Łada-Zabłocki 1811–1847, a tsarist exile to the Caucasus. He spoke Oriental languages Georgian and Persian and had a thorough knowledge of the Koran, a short fragment of which he even translated probably from French. Although today we only have his poetry inspired by the Caucasian mountains, he was also no stranger to extensive travel accounts unfortunately, his Dziennik podróży mojej do Tyflisu i z Tyflisu po różnych krajach za Kaukazem Journal From My Journey To and From Tiflis Across Various Countries Beyond the Caucasus and notes from his Armenian expedition were lost. An important source of inspiration for Zabłocki, encouraging him to explore the East, were the Philomaths’ translations of Oriental poetry by Jan Wiernikowski and Aleksander Chodźko, while his model of reception of the Orient were the oeuvres of Mickiewicz primarily his Crimean and Odessa Sonnets, Byron and Thomas Moore especially the fragment of Lalla Rookh — Paradise and the Peri. The exile brutally brought Zabłocki into contact with the real Orient, terribly dangerous and diametrically different from the one described by Western travellers. It is, therefore, not surprising, that their superficial and simplified accounts were criticised by the Polish poet and soldier.Zabłocki’s oeuvre, both pre-exile and Caucasus period works, is full of various Oriental reminiscences: from the Biblical topos of the Paradise ab Oriente, through numerous splendid images of Caucasian nature, scenes from the life of Caucasian highlanders, poetic imitation of the metre of Caucasian folk dances, apt ethnographic observations in the verses, borrowings from Oriental languages, extraordinarily sensual eastern erotic poems, to translations of texts of Caucasian cultures Tatar, Azeri and Georgian songs. Zabłocki drew on both folk culture of Caucasian tribes, and on Eastern mythologies as well as universal culture of the Islamic world. He presents an ambivalent image of Caucasian highlanders in his poetry: sometimes they acquire traits of noble, free, valiant and indomitable individuals, typical of the Romantic idea of highlanders, on other occasions the label “Son of the East” becomes a synonym of Asian barbarity.Freed from the service in the tsarist army, Zabłocki planned travels across nearby Persia, Asia Minor, and even Arabia, Nubia and Palestine. However, the plans never became a reality, owing to a lack of funds and the poet’s early death of cholera.Zabłocki’s “Eastern” oeuvre fully reveals the “liminal”, demarcational nature of the Caucasian mountains, for centuries constituting the limes between Europe and Asia, the East and the West, a meeting place of the Christian and the Muslim Orients.]]>
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Rabiza-Świder, Julita, Ewa Skutnik, Agata Jędrzejuk i Marlena Ratuszek. "Effect of postharvest treatments on the longevity of cut inflorescences of ‘Rialto’ oriental lily". Folia Horticulturae 27, nr 2 (1.12.2015): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhort-2015-0026.
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Abstract Cut lily flowers are very popular but their longevity is not satisfactory. The quality of cut lily flowers is determined by two factors: the longevity of the flowers and the general appearance of the entire cut stem during its vase life. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3), standard preservative (8HQC and 2% sucrose) and commercial preservatives Chrysal Professional 2 and Chrysal sachet as well as Floralife 200 and Floralife 300 on the quality of ‘Rialto’ cut oriental lily, a white blooming cultivar very popular on the Polish market. The contents of reducing sugars, soluble proteins, free amino acids and free proline were also determined in the senescing flowers. As a major problem in the postharvest handling of lilies is leaf yellowing, the effects of postharvest treatments on the quality of leaves and their chlorophyll contents were also studied. Conditioning (24 h) with GA3 (500 mg d.m.−3) immediately after harvest delayed chlorophyll loss in leaves. When combined with the standard preservative and commercial preparations Chrysal Professional 2 and Chrysal sachet as well as Floralife 200 and Floralife 300, GA3 prolonged flower vase life. The most effective method was using GA3 and Floralife products, which prolonged the vase life of flowers to 23 days, 43% longer relative to the untreated flowers, and maintained the decorative value of the leaves (53 days). During the senescence of flowers held in water, the contents of reducing sugars, free amino acids and proline increased. However, the holding solutions modified changes in these parameters relative to the control.
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Lewicka, Magdalena. "The literature of the Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – characteristics of the Tatar writings and areas of research". Journal of Language and Cultural Education 4, nr 1 (1.01.2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jolace-2016-0001.
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Abstract The literature of the Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania constitutes the most important and richest part of their cultural heritage, as well as a lasting trace of Tatar settlements in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The literature that flourished during the spiritual revival of the Renaissance and Reformation somewhere in the seemingly God-forsaken, remote Eastern Borderlands has not been forgotten; on the contrary, it has been recognised as a unique phenomenon of great spiritual, literary and cultural value. This phenomenon manifests itself in the extraordinary combination of the Oriental Islamic culture and Christian culture, two components that appear to be mutually exclusive but are in fact in perfect harmony with each other, both in the life of society and in the literary works of Polish-Lithuanian Tatars. The paper is dedicated to literary manuscripts of the Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, including their genesis at the background of the Tatar settlement in the territory of the Republic of Poland, characteristic features and typology of the manuscripts on the basis of the criteria of form and content. Furthermore, the author discusses the research areas, beginning with the description of the state of research on Tatar manuscripts from the point of view, through the characteristics of the current research on this matter, as well as reporting the institutions running and coordinating the interdisciplinary and international activities within the scope of the research, editing and popularization of the issues connected with the kitabistics.
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PONOMARENKO, Volodymyr. "ON UKRAINIAN-BASQUE LEXICAL PARALLELS, OR BASQUE TRACES IN UKRAINIAN LEXIS". MOVOZNAVSTVO 329, nr 2 (25.06.2023): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-329-2023-2-003.
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The article is devoted to an ambiguous and problematic issue related to Ukrainian- Basque linguistic ties. By lexical parallels (they can also be called conditional isoglosses) the author of this study means hypothetical borrowings-internationalisms (Europeanisms), presumably of Basque origin. Examples of basquisms in the Ukrainian language (багнет, більярд, анчоус, i.e. ʽbayonet, billiard, anchovy’) have been given by K. Tyshchenko, well known Ukrainian scientist. Ukr. багнет (from the name of the city of Bayonne in France), traditionally explained as a borrowing of French origin from the Polish language; that of Fr. Bayonne is compared to Basque Baiona; anyhow, there is no generally accepted opinion; according to one of the hypotheses, the latter may come from Basq. bai una / bai ona. Ukr. більярд is derived from Fr. billard, however, Pop. Lat. *bīlia is obviously of Gaulish origin; Basq. billar is similar in form to Sp. billar, which is interpreted as an ancient borrowing from French. There are certain grounds for associating the Basque etymon with Ukr. анчоус, borrowed from Dutch or German, the corresponding names of which come from Fr. anchois, which comes down, like Sp. anchoa, to Basq. anchu. It is worth mentioning Ukr. кролик (ʽrabbit’), which is considered to be a Latinism borrowed from Polish; at the same time, foreign lexicographers assume that Lat. cuniculus is of Mediterranean-Iberian (pre-Romance) origin and it is compared to Basq. untxi. Besides, let’s mention Ukr. силует, which is a generally accepted loanword from French, but the surname Silhouette is a modified Basq. Zilueta. So, for now, we can talk about separate and generally hypothetical Ukrainian-Basque etymological isoglosses. Оne of them includes Ukr. чемерка, interpreted as a word of Arabic origin, borrowed from Polish; the origin of Pol. czamar(k)a is defined as «oriental»; at the same time Sp. zamarra is interpreted as a possible loanword from Basque. Finally, we can consider Ukr. джинго ʽjingo’ as a historical Basquism. The raised issues are a promising topic for further studies.
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Tes, Agnieszka. "Silence, Spirituality and Contemplative Experience in Contemporary Abstract Paintings. Analysis of Selected Examples". Perspektywy Kultury 31, nr 4 (31.12.2020): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2020.3104.14.
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In recent decades, there has been increasing interest in including the spiritual dimension in artistic practice and in discourse on art. This phenomenon seems to be universal but is definitely not homogenic. I examine it by referring to meaningful examples of abstract paintings from different cultural and religious backgrounds. I analyze artworks by two contemporary bicultural painters: the American-Japanese artist, Makoto Fujimura, and American-Iranian artist, Yari Ostovany. The Polish non-figurative artist Tadeusz G. Wiktor is also considered. Their oeuvre can be set within the larger context of great religious and spiritual traditions. I stress the influence of Oriental legacy in contemporary examples of abstract art. I investigate how the selected artworks refer to an invisible reality, and I focus especially on the silence they evoke. My aim is to show how contemporary non-figurative art can influence the viewer by creating a contemplative experience. I also place the selected artworks in the theoretical contexts presented by the artists themselves and refer to classical and contemporary texts.
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Filgueiras, Fernando, i Barbara Silva. "Desenhando políticas e governança de dados para cidades inteligentes: ensaio teórico com o uso da IAD Framework para analisar políticas orientadas por dados". Revista de Administração Pública 56, nr 4 (lipiec 2022): 508–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220220078.
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Resumo Este artigo examina a política orientada por dados para cidades inteligentes e como o Institutional Analysis and Development Framework (IAD) se posiciona como uma ferramenta para analisar o design da governança de dados e de política de dados. A pesquisa realizada neste artigo sobre políticas baseadas em dados parte da premissa de que um projeto orientado por dados sustenta iniciativas de cidades inteligentes e incorpora dilemas de ação coletiva, impactando diretamente o desenho da política e da governança de dados. A motivação do artigo foi examinar dos componentes da estrutura IAD e componentes constitutivos da política de dados que orientam sua governança em sistemas complexos de transformação digital. O artigo é um ensaio que pretende levantar discussões sobre dados em cidades inteligentes e como o desenho de políticas compreende os conflitos de ação coletiva motivados pelo controle de dados.
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Ginter-Frołow, Magdalena. "Księga Papugi Nechszebiego ze zbiorów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego". Art of the Orient 1, nr 1 (2012): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/aoto201209.
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Tuti-Nameh (Tales of a Parrot) by Nahsabi (Ms. or I 56) from University Library in Wrocław is one of fourteen Persian manuscripts with miniatures, existing in Polish collections. This poem is modelled on The Thousand and One Nights. In this popular work the parrot tells tales to his mistress in order to prevent her from being unfaithful to her absent husband. Tales are recited by the parrot over 52 nights. This copy includes 97 miniatures illustrating these stories. This copy of “Tales of a Parrot” comes from the library of Count Oppersdorf from Oberglogau (now Głogówek). The history of this library reaches back to the 16th century and the times of Hans Oppersdorff. Successive owners continued to purchase new books and thus at the end of 19th century the collection consisted of dozens of thousands of examples. One of the most important trustees was Count Hans Georg von Oppersdorff, who inherited the library in 1889. He was well-educated and interested in oriental languages. He knew Hebrew, and supposedly spoke seven other languages fluently. The fulfilment of his scholarly interests was possible thanks to growing up amidst one of the largest libraries in Upper Silesia. In 1927 Hans Georg donated TutiNameh, and a few other oriental manuscripts, to the University Library in Wrocław (Staats – und Universitätsbibliothek in Breslau). The miniatures in this manuscript bear a close resemblance to miniatures from Divan of Mirza Khan Kabuli from The State Hermitage in Saint Petersburg. This copy of Divan was made in 1813, probably in Kashmir. The invention, composition, colour scheme, subject matter and details are practically identical in both these books. This proves that Tutiname from Wrocław was also made in Kashmir in the end of the 18th, or beginning of 19th century. Although nowadays many miniatures from Kashmir are in European collections, this school of painting is still almost unrecognised. Tuti-Nameh from University Library in Wrocław can play an important role in research of this field.
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Śliwa, Joachim. "Pożegnalny wykład Józefa Juliana Sękowskiego, Uniwersytet w Sankt Petersburgu, 1847". Rocznik Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN 67 (30.12.2022): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25440500rbn.22.006.17361.
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Józef Julian Sękowski’s farewell lecture The University of Saint Petersburg, 1847 The aim of this paper is to present the last period of Józef Sękowski’s/Osip Iwanowicz Sienkowski’s cooperation with the academic community of the University of St. Petersburg. His farewell lecture (O driewnosti imieni Russow) was intended as an affront to the university and was widely commented as such. The lecture was not delivered by Sękowski himself but read on his request by one of his co-workers; the text has never been published. The remembrance of this event and the accounts of its course have been preserved in memories of its witnesses. A larger fragment from the Kalejdoskop wospominanij (1874) by Józef Przecławski “Ciprinus” regarding this event, not yet translated into Polish, has been quoted in own translation by the author of the paper. Thanks to this account, containing some additional explanations, one can become familiarised with the events back then. Sękowski’s controversial lecture resonated also in fiction. Its repercussions can be found in Vieniamin Kavierin’s novel titled Skandalist, ili wieczera na Wasiliewskim Ostrowie (1928). Kavierin, who graduated from oriental studies in Petrograd (1920–1923), was very well acquainted with Sękowski’s biography, mainly as the author of a broad monograph titled Baron Brambieus. Istoria Osipa Sienkowskogo żurnalista, riedaktora “Bibliotieki dlja cztienija” (1929, 1966).
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Polyvyanyy, Dmitriy Igorevich. "Towards «new light» or «canceling» medieval Slavs? Notes to Eduard Mühle’ book". Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, nr 2(34) (2023): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2023.211.
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The review of the monograph by renowned German scholar Professor Eduard Mühle, currently — President of Viadrina University at Frankfurt (Oder), published in 2020-2023 in German, Polish, English and Czech, is based upon its edition as No 89 of Brill’s collection «Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages». As the author states, «The books is aimed, to show, on the one hand, how the "Slavs" — ever since they first appeared in 6th-century Byzantine sources — were treated as a cultural construct and as such politically instrumentalized in various contexts». Up to Prof. Mühle, the book «describes the real historical structures hidden behind the phenomenon of the "Slavs" in the Middle Ages». Beginning with a sketch of modern and contemporary ideological practices, where the concept of Slavdom was widely used for political ends, he follows with mentions of the «Slavs» in medieval Byzantine, Latin and Oriental texts against the background of the medieval Slavic «realities», challenging the relevancy of the very term «Slavs» and naming them «Slav-speaking» through the whole book. The reviewer critically analyzes the author’s approach and his monograph’s structure, which from his viewpoint in fact are turning «the new light» in which the medieval Slav history is represented, into «canceling» the Slavs as part of the European history.
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Ciobanu, Veniamin. "International reactions to the Russian suppression of the Polish insurrection (November 1830)". Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 5, nr 1 (15.08.2013): 87–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v5i1_7.
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The outburst of the Polish insurrection and its evolution attracted the attention of the European Powers, due to the international political context in which it started, that of the liberal-bourgeois revolutions in France, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and of the implications that were expected to occur due to power balance on the continent and in the Eastern Question. Russia’s position in the political systems mentioned above depended on how the Polish Question would be solved. By subordinating all the Kingdom of Poland, whose political individuality, in the Russian political and institutional system, in which the decisions of the „Final Act” of the Peace Congress in Vienna (June 9th 1815) placed it, was about to be abolished by the Tsar, opened to the Russian Empire the path towards the consolidation of its positions in the Baltic region, strategically, political an economical, thus upsetting the other Powers in the European political system, on one hand. And secondly, because it would have relieved it of the necessity to divide its forces to oversee the evolution of the embarrassing Polish Question and would have been capable to focus its attention on a solution to the other problem, the Eastern one. This perspective was likely to happen, especially in the conditions of the peace Treaty that Russia had imposed to Turkey, at Adrianople, on September 14th 1829, which ensured the latter’s „passivity” towards the Oriental policy of its victor. These perspectives affected, in particular, Great Britain and France, the secular rivals of Russia in that area, so they tried, using only diplomatic means because of the very complicated international situation at the beginning of the fourth decade of the nineteenth century, to determine Russia to adopt a more conciliatory attitude towards the Polish insurgents. The rivalries that aggravated the Franco-British relations, especially in Western Europe, prevented the two Powers to adopt a unitary position towards Russia, a fact that allowed the latter to dictate the law in the Kingdom of Poland. A position, in some way singular, towards the Polish Question was adopted by another state, with direct interests in the Baltic sea area and with more specific ones in the Eastern Question. It is the United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway, created in the letter and the spirit of the Swedish-Norwegian Convention from Moss, on August 14th 1814. Sweden’s internal and external political circumstances in which, in 1810, the famous marshal of Napoleon I, Jean Baptiste Sebastien Bernadotte, prince of Pontecorvo, was proclaimed crown prince under the name Karl Johan, King Karl XIV Johan, from 1818, as the creation of the Swedish-Norwegian personal Union, determined the Swedish-Norwegian diplomacy favor the Russian interests in the Polish Question as well as in the Eastern Question. In the Polish Question, the one under our analysis, this was also because the insurrection of November 1830 started in the international conditions mentioned above and due to the fact that the liberal internal opposition to the conservative and absolutist monarchical policy of King Karl XIV Johan was becoming more active and could have constituted a reason for the Norwegians to evade the personal Union, which they did not favor and against which they fought, first through arms then by institutional means. The forms in which Great Britain, France and Sweden took position in regard to the reprisal of the Polish insurrection of November 1830, very well documented by the diplomatic reports of the British diplomats in St. Petersburg and of the Swedish ones, accredited in Petersburg and in London, which we had the opportunity to consult in the funds of manuscripts of British Library, in London, and those of the National Archives of Sweden, in Stockholm, constitute, in our opinion, a contribution to the knowledge of the history of European diplomacy, on one hand, and to the research of the international relations in the first half of the nineteenth century, on another. This is the reason why we intend to approach them in this study. All the documents selected from Sveriges Riksarkivet, in Stockholm and cited in these pages are included in the volume X, part I, of the Collection “Europe and the Porte”, which is still in manuscript, for this reason we indicated the archive quotations.
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Maslowska, Ewa Jadwiga. "Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej interdyscyplinarnej konferencji naukowej pt. Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku". Adeptus, nr 7 (30.06.2016): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/a.2016.009.
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Report on the international conference The World through the Eyes of the Soul – The Soul in the Eyes of the World. Anthropological and linguistic images of the soul in an intercultural perspective, Warsaw, 15-17 October 2015The international interdisciplinary conference The World through the Eyes of the Soul – The Soul in the Eyes of the World. Anthropological and linguistic images of the soul in an intercultural perspective took place in Warsaw on 15–17 October 2015. The event was initiated by the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and organised in collaboration with the Institute of Oriental Studies, University of Warsaw, and the Slavic Foundation. The main idea of the event was to create a forum for discussion among specialists in various disciplines: anthropology, ethnography, philosophy, history of art, linguistics, cultural studies, literary studies, psychology, religious studies, theology, and sociology. Owing to its broad multi-cultural scope, the debate on the conceptualization of the soul across languages and cultures allowed for a variety of perspectives on the different experiences and conceptualizations of the non-material. Presented during the meeting were presented 81 papers (15 of them by young researches), by representatives of 16 foreign and 17 Polish research centres. Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej interdyscyplinarnej konferencji naukowej pt. Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku Międzynarodowa interdyscyplinarna konferencja naukowa Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku, została zorganizowana z inicjatywy Instytutu Slawistyki PAN przy współudziale Instytutu Orientalistyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego przez Fundację Slawistyczną. Celem konferencji było ukazanie sposobu konceptualizacji i statusu duszy w różnych językach i kulturach oraz różnych perspektywach badawczych. Dyskutowali specjaliści z różnych dyscyplin naukowych: antropolodzy, etnografowie, religioznawcy, filozofowie, historycy, teologowie, socjologowie. Podczas spotkania przedstawiono 81 referatów (w tym 15 autorstwa młodych badaczy) z 16 zagranicznych i 17 polskich ośrodków naukowych.
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Andreassen, Lars, Juliana Soroka, Larry Grenkow, Owen Olfert i Rebecca H. Hallett. "Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) injury to Brassicaceae in field trials in northeastern Saskatchewan, Canada". Canadian Entomologist 150, nr 5 (2.05.2018): 637–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2018.20.
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AbstractTo determine resistance of Brassicaceae field crops to Contarinia Róndani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) midge complex (Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer and Contarinia undescribed species), field trials of two different host assemblages were undertaken near Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada in 2014 and repeated in 2015. In both years the first midge adults appeared in early July, when most plants were starting to flower, and a second generation occurred in mid-August, past the period of crop susceptibility. In a trial studying 18 lines of six brassicaceous species, the lowest probability of midge injury was found on Camelina sativa (Linnaeus) Crantz lines in both years. No differences were found in the probability of midge injury among any of the 13 Brassica Linnaeus species lines tested, including commercial glyphosate-resistant and glufosinate-resistant Brassica napus Linnaeus canola lines, Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata Braun), brown or oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (Linnaeus) Czernajew), or Polish canola (Brassica rapa Linnaeus) lines. Probability of midge injury on Sinapis alba Linnaeus yellow mustard lines reached levels between those on Camelina sativa lines and those on Brassica lines. A second trial examining 14 current commercial glyphosate-resistant Brassica napus canola cultivars found no differences in susceptibility to midge feeding among any cultivars tested. More plants were damaged in 2015 in both studies, and damage reached maximum levels earlier in 2015 than in 2014.
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Skorupski, Tadeusz. "O filozofowaniu HindusÓw: artykuly wybrane/On philosophizing of the Hindus: selected papers. By Stanislaw Schayer, edited by Marek Mejor. pp. xxxiii, 539, illus. Warsaw, Polish Scientific Publishers for the Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee for Oriental Studies, 1988. Cena zl. 1100." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 1, nr 3 (listopad 1991): 436–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300001498.
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Batoréo, Hanna Jakubowicz. "Metaphorical Competence in Multilingual Context of Language Acquisition and Learning". Psychology of Language and Communication 22, nr 1 (1.01.2018): 534–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2018-0024.
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Abstract It has been defended since Gibbs (1994) that in proper contexts people mostly use the metaphorical asset of a message rather than its literal meaning, which means that we tend to express ourselves metaphorically and that conceptual metaphors and metonymies are features of communicative interaction. In the present paper we discuss the notion of metaphorical competence (Aleshtar & Dowlatabadi, 2014: 1895) in the process of language acquisition and learning of a (multilingual) speaker in a multilingual context. Based on previous studies by Sinha and Jansen (2004), Kövecses (2005), Palmer & Sharifian (2007), Gibbs & Colston (2012) and Sharifian (2015), among others, we postulate that research in the area should be centred not exclusively on Language but on interaction in a triangle Cognition - Language - Culture, We defend the way one conceptualises the world is based on bodily experience, and is mediated by culture (cf. Yu, 2003, 2009; Batoréo, 2017a). In this study we present research from different language backgrounds both occidental (European Portuguese, English and Polish) and oriental ones (Mandarin Chinese). It focuses on conceptualization of emotions (e.g., emotional expression of feeling hungry) and moral values (e.g. courage). The analysis shows that it implies culture anchorage and/or physiological and cultural embodiment. We defend that conceptual appropriateness and metaphor awareness play a fundamental role in the acquisition of figurative language (cf. Doiz & Elizari, 2013), which is at least partially motivated, and thus can be object of insightful learning (cf. Boers et al., 2004).
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Nagy, Kornél. "Egy 17. századi örmény katolikus Breviárium az MTA Könyvtárának Keleti Gyűjteményében". Magyar Könyvszemle 133, nr 2 (7.11.2017): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.17167/mksz.2017.2.197-212.
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Generally, the libraries have keeping very few old-published Armenian books or codices in Hungary. The small-sized-17th Armenian Catholic Breviary (Cisaran, Kargaworut’iwn) is an exception, which has proved the rule. At present, this Breviary is being kept at the Oriental Collection in the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. According to the contemporaneous Armenian land Latin handwritings in this Breviary, the scholarship was able to follow closely behind its real fate. This ecclesiastical book was published at about the mid-17th century at the-called Polyglotta’s press in the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of Faith (Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide), the Institute of the Roman Catholic Missions at the Holy Apostolic See in Rome. At the last third of the 17th century, the Breviary was brought by Polish-born Armenian Uniate priests from Rome to Stanisławów (now Ivano-Frankivsk in Ukraine) in Poland. The Breviary in the 1720’s or in 1730’s got to the hand of Stefan Stefanowicz Roszka (1670−1739), Armenian Uniate Prelate in Stanisławów, when he was sent to Transylvania as an Apostolic Visitor in order to the control the Armenians’ daily religious life in Transylvania at the behest of the Holy Apostolic See in 1728. The Unaite Prelate brought this Breviary to the Armenian Uniate Holy Trinity Parish in Szamosújvár (Gherla, Armenopolis) as a gift. In this manner, this Breviary was kept at the Library of the Armenian Catholic Parish in Szamosújvár till the end of the Wold War II. Later on, the Breviary arrived at the National Library of Széchényi in Budapest in the late 1940’s, but, as some decades passed, it was delivered to the Oriental Collection of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in the 1960’s or in 1970’s. Therefore, in this brief article, we have attempted to investigate the past of this Breviary from church-historical point of view. Further on, this writing has aimed at summarising the historical backgrounds of the Armenian colonies in Poland and Transylvania in the late 17th and the early 18th centuries. Finally, this study has been focused upon the implementation of the church-unions with Rome and the birth of the Armenian Catholic Church, resting upon the partly discovered and entirely undiscovered sources as well as analysing critically secondary literature.
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Uciecha, Andrzej. "Stephan Schiwietz (Siwiec) – uczeń w szkole Maxa Sdralka". Vox Patrum 64 (15.12.2015): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3728.
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Stefan Schiwietz (Stefan Siwiec), 1863-1941 – a Roman Catholic priest, Doctor of Theology, historian of the Eastern Orthodox Church, pedagogue – was born in Miasteczko Śląskie (Georgenberg) on 23th August 1863. He studied theology at the University of Wrocław for 3 years (1881-1884) under H. Laemmer, F. Probst, A. König and M. Sdralek, among others, and then continued his theological studies in Innsbruck (1884-1886), where he was a pupil of J. Jungmann and G. Bickell. The seminarist spent two years (1885-1886) in Freising in Bavaria, where in 1886 he took his holy orders. Siwiec published his doctoral thesis in Wrocław in 1896, so at the time when Sdralek took the chair of Church History. The subject of the Silesian scholar’s dissertation concerned the monastic reform of Theodore the Studite De S. Theodoro Studita reformatore monachorum Basilianorum. Siwiec combined his didactic work as a religious and mathematics teacher in the public middle school in Racibórz with his academic studies on the history of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, especially on monasticism. The results of his research were published both in German and in Polish. His most significant work is a three-volume monograph Das morgenländische Mönchtum (Bd. 1: Das Ascetentum der drei ersten christl. Jahrhunderte und das egyptische Mönchtum im vierten Jahrhundert, Mainz 1904; Bd. 2: Das Mönchtum auf Sinai und in Palästina im 4 Jahrhundert, Mainz 1913; Bd. 3: Das Mönchtum in Syrien und Mesopotamien und das Aszetentum in Persien vierten Jarhundert, Mödling bei Wien 1938) on the history of the beginnings and development of Oriental monasticism in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Persia, until the 4th century, which up to the present day has been cited in the world Patristic literature. Yet, Siwiec’s academic work still remains little known, especially in the circle of historians of antiquity and Polish patrologists. The equally little known figure of Max Sdralek, another Silesian (coming from Woszczyce) priest and academic, Rector of University of Wrocław, provides a significant context with the research methodology which this eminent scholar initiated, developed and tried to pass down to his pupils, among whom was also Stefan Siwiec. Sdralek strictly demanded that the principle of the priority of Church history over history of religion and psychology should be kept. In his works a description of socio-cultural factors and natural conditions determining the process of development of Christianity enables to see in a much clearer way how God’s plan has unfolded in history. The mutual dependence of Sdralek and Siwiec, the similarities and differences in their ways of studying and understanding Church history still remains an issue worth further exploration.
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Serdiuk, Oleksandr. "Karol Szymanowski and multiculturalism". Aspects of Historical Musicology 19, nr 19 (7.02.2020): 206–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-19.12.
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Background. The problem of self-determination of an artist who apprehends oneself as a representative of a certain nation, but is forced to selfactualize in the cultural space of a multinational empire, remained relevant for a long period for the majority of representatives of the Polish creative intelligentsia. Among them, it is appropriate to recall, in first, Karol Szymanowski, whose creative development took place in a multicultural environment. The outstanding musician was feeling his involvement not only in the European tradition in general, but also in the Antique, Eastern, Polish, Russian, and, especially, Ukrainian culture, because his life for 36 years was related with Ukraine. The temporal distance that has formed between the eras, the changes in cultural paradigms that have now taken place, encourage us to rethink the approaches to the various cultural-creating activities of artists in past eras, to evaluate them from modern positions. If we consider multiculturalism in a positive sense – as a phenomenon of social life characterized by coexistence and active interaction within one society of many cultures, then the analysis of Szymanowski’s creative evolution in this context looks relevant for modern cultural figures. At the same time, in Ukraine, there has not yet been a steady interest of scientists in the work by K. Szymanowski, although certain steps are being taken in this direction: PhD theses by Anatolii Kalynychenko, Hanna Seredenko, Oleksandr Serdiuk, Dmitriy Poliachok have appeared that explore some aspects of the Polish artist’s creativity, taking into account modern methodological tools. An important function of stimulating interest in the creative figure of Szymanowski is performed, in particular, by the “Kropyvnytskyi Museum of Musical Culture named after K. Szymanowski” (headed by Olexandr Polyachok) that initiates various projects related to the popularization of Shimanovsky’s creative heritage, including holding scientific conferences and publishing. A significant contribution to the study of various aspects of the K. Szymanowski’s creative activity was made by Polish scientists, in particular, Malgorzata Komorowska, Zofia Helman, Teresa Chilińska, but their works are in a greater degree focused on the analysis of the musician’s creativity in the Polish cultural context. Objectives of the study. This article is destined to examine the creative personality of the Polish artist in a new problematic field. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the creative formation and growth of K. Szymanowski in the context of multiculturalism. The object of analysis is the creative activity of K. Szymanowski; the subject, on which the attention is focused, is the peculiarities of cultural and creative attitudes formation, the principles of artistic activity, the means of cultural communication of K. Szymanowski in the conditions of multiculturalism. Research results. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the identification of little-known facts of the creative biography of K. Szymanowski and their new interpretation, the formation of new ideas about the specifics of his creative approaches both in composing and literary work. The important role of self-education in his creative development, the ability for self-development, conscious cultural pluralism formed in the context of multicultural conditions, a tendency to innovate (for example, intense interest in new artistic and stylistic trends) are emphasized. Attention is drawn to the originality of Szymanowski’s relationships with various cultural environments, with which he was closely linked by fate. After all, his formation as a personality took place under the influence of several cultures, the features of which were intertwined, coexisting in the everyday life of his family estate in the Ukrainian village Timoshivka and Elisavetgrad, the city of his childhood and youth. The significant influence of regular visits to European cultural centers and travels to the countries of the Arab East on the formation of the cultural identity of the artist is also noted. The analysis of archival materials, in particular, comments in the margins of the pages of books from the family library, showed the enormous influence of literary texts on the composer’s cultural identity. Szymanowski carefully read, thought over and discussed with his close ones literary works, various works of philosophers and art historians. Szymanowski’s archives contain notes on the history of art of Ancient Greece in French, the history of the culture of Ancient Rome in German and Russian, extracts from the history of the origins of Christianity, the culture of Sicily and the life of King Roger II, notes from the letters by Seneca, Leonardo da Vinci, Machiavelli, works of Novalis, studies on oriental culture, etc. The composer was fascinated by the ideas of the synthesis of cultures (Ancient Greek, Ancient Roman, Byzantine, Arabic, Proto-Slavic), of religious syncretism in various forms (Christian modernism, paneroticism, etc.). Embodying his creative intentions, Szymanowski went through a fascination with a wide variety of aesthetic ideas. In the process of realizing artistic synthesis, along with the idea of cultural syncretism, signs of aesthetics of romanticism and impressionism, symbolism and modernism, expressionism and neo-folkloric trend often coexisted and intersected in his works. As a conclusion, we note: the creative formation and evolution of K. Szymanowski took place in multicultural conditions. Realizing himself a descendant of the Polish gentry family, he was at the same time a citizen of the Russian Empire and was formed as a person under the influence of many cultures, which were intricately intertwined in the space where the formation of his individuality took place, which, eventually, determined the multicultural profile of his artistic work. Szymanowski’s cultural positioning we propose to consider, to a certain extent, according to the formula: “one of our own among strangers, a stranger among our own”, because his creative searches, in which the polylogue of cultures acquired signs of multiculturalism, were not always perceived adequately by his contemporaries, especially in those cultural centers, where the traditional values of the national culture were considered priority. The artistic, aesthetic and cultural paradigms of the 21st century turn out to be largely consonant with those that determined the creative preferences of the Polish artist, which leads to the actualization of the creativity of the latter in the conditions of the dominance of the postmodern situation in the contemporary cultural space.
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Ostrowski, Jan K. "Jeszcze o stroju polskim w malarstwie portretowym w XVII-XX wieku. Pomiędzy obrazami a źródłami". Artifex Novus, nr 4 (9.03.2021): 44–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/an.7925.
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Artykuł przedstawia wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące ukazania polskiego stroju narodowego na portretach z w. XVII–XX. Portrety stanowią cenny materiał dla poznania tego zjawiska od strony kostiumologicznej, symbolicznej, a nawet politycznej, szczególnie w zestawieniu ze źródłami z epoki. W do ok. 1750 męski strój narodowy, pochodzenia węgiersko-orientalnego, miał wśród Polaków zdecydowaną przewagę i był uważany za znak rycerskiej tradycji szlachty. W 2. połowie w. XVIII wybór stroju polskiego w opozycji do zachodnioeuropejskiego był wyznacznikiem poglądów zachowawczych na poziomie kulturowym i politycznym, ale w okresie Sejmu Czteroletniego stał się wyrazem postawy patriotycznej. W XIX w. początkowo trwał peryferyjnie (niekiedy, spotykamy go na portretach zawierających indywidualne przesłania ikonograficzne), a na szeroką skalę powrócił w 2. poł. stulecia w Galicji. Był powszechnie noszony przez tamtejszą elitę arystokratyczną i polityczną oraz zyskał oficjalny status na dworze cesarskim w Wiedniu. Sporadycznie pojawiał się jeszcze w okresie międzywojennym, przede wszystkim w czasie arystokratycznych uroczystości rodzinnych, był też jedną z wersji stroju, do którego można było nosić odznaczenia państwowe. Większość powyższych zjawisk można egzemplifikować na podstawie odpowiednio dobranych portretów, a źródła (przede wszystkim pamiętniki) stanowią ikonograficzny klucz wyjaśniający motywacje osób portretowanych i artystów.
Summary:
The paper presents selected problems concerning the representation of the Polish national costume in portraits of the 17th-20th centuries. Portrait make a valuable material allowing to investigate this phenomenon from the costumological, symbolic and even political point of view, especially when juxtaposed with historical sources. Until around 1750, the male national costume of Hungarian-oriental origin had a definite advantage among Poles and was considered a sign of the knightly tradition of the nobility. In the second half of the 18th century, the choice of the Polish attire in opposition to the Western European one was a sign of a conservative attitude on the cultural and political level, but in the period of the Four Years’ Sejm (1788–1791) it became an expression of a patriotic attitude. In the 19th century, initially it was used rather peripheraly (sometimes, we find it in portraits containing individual iconographic messages), and returned on a large scale in the second half of the century in Galicia (i.e. the part of Poland occupied by Austria). It was commonly worn by the local aristocratic and political elite and gained official status at the imperial court in Vienna. It appeared sporadically in the period between 1st and 2nd World War, especially during aristocratic family celebrations. It was also one of the versions of the outfit that could be worn with state decorations. Most of the above phenomena can be exemplified on the basis of appropriately selected portraits, and the sources (mainly diaries) offer the iconographic key explaining the motivations of the portrayed people and artists.
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Dias, Maria Socorro de Araújo, Francisca Maria Bezerra Ribeiro Vieira, Lielma Carla Chagas da Silva, Maristela Inês Osawa Vasconcelos i Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa Machado. "Colaboração interprofissional no Projeto Saúde e Prevenção na Escola". Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 21, nr 6 (czerwiec 2016): 1789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232015216.08112016.
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Resumo A colaboração interprofissional sugere compartilhamento de ação orientada por objetivos comuns. Analisá-la no Projeto Saúde e Prevenção na Escola (PSPE) enquanto dispositivo da promoção da saúde é relevante pelo estímulo à responsabilidade partilhada e à intersetorialidade, valor e princípio da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS). Estudo de caso realizado em uma cidade de médio porte, no Nordeste brasileiro, cujas fontes foram documentos e questionários aplicados a participantes, subsidiado pelo Modelo de Colaboração interprofissional de D’Amour et al. Com base nas dimensões e indicadores avaliados, identificou-se que os articuladores do PSPE orientam-se por objetivos comuns; o planejamento das ações não se orienta pelas necessidades dos escolares; existem poucas oportunidades para que os integrantes interajam; evidencia-se confiança na capacidade dos outros em assumirem responsabilidades; a infraestrutura não é usada adequadamente; a liderança é pouco impactante; existem processos de capacitação para os integrantes; os encontros dos integrantes do PSPE priorizam discussões específicas e os acordos formais estão em processos de negociação. Resultados que expressam um nível de colaboração interprofissional do tipo “em desenvolvimento”.
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Chekanovskyi, A. A. "CERAMIC PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO WITH FIGURATIVE IMAGES". Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 38, nr 1 (1.06.2021): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2021.01.04.
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The ceramic tobacco pipes of the seventeenth — nineteenth centuries shaped as human head or face, animals or their parts, household items are analyzed in the paper. The tradition of such images on ceramic pipes in Europe takes its origin from England. Similar products appeared later in the Netherlands and Germany. On the territory of Austrian possessions (primarily Czech territory), on Polish and Ukrainian lands the pipes of the North-Western type (with a solid pipe-bowl and stem) are occurred later with pipes of the South-Eastern type (a ceramic bowl and a separate stem from different material). As a result some number of South-Eastern type pipes began to be made with a bowls in the form of a human head, or only with a face image from the mid-seventeenth century. The article describes several styles of pipes with anthropomorphic elements, pipes in the form of boots and products with zoomorphic elements (heads and mouths of predators) or depict an entire animal. The oriental style fashion, dominance of Baroque art, and the beginning of the manufacture of smoking pipes from other materials (primarily from sepiolite) lead to the widespread use of figurative pipes in the eighteenth century and increasing the realism of plastic depiction. This also applies to ceramic pipes. The popularity of smoking pipes with realistic images reaches the top in the late eighteenth and through the entire nineteenth century. The appearance and spread of figurative pipes in Ukraine took place with the same tendencies as in Europe in general. Different styles of figurative pipes in the eighteenth century spread over a large area from Volyn to Slobozhanshchina and the Northern Black Sea coast. The author considers that the pipes with images of people, animals and objects are not inherited from the possessions of the Ottoman Empire but represent a product of the development of European crafts and decorative arts.
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Bobrovnikov, Vladimir O. "Rehabilitation of the Crimean Khanate by Historians in a five-volumes book about the Crimean Tatars". Crimean Historical Review 10, nr 1 (3.07.2023): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/kio.2023.1.220-232.
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Author of the article analyzes the 3rd volume of the History of the Crimean Tatars, dedicated to the Crimean Khanate of the15th–18th centuries, published in Kazan in 2021, and resulted from the 2-year international research project aiming to produce the first academic History of the Crimean Tatars in a five volumes. This is a pioneering and valuable research covering the whole period of the Khanate history, from its formation in the first half of the 15th century to its annexation to the Russian Empire under the reign of Catherine the Great, who abolished the Khanate in 1783. The book discusses different aspects of the Khanate’s everyday life: its conquests and frequent raids against non-Muslim neighbors, foreign and domestic politics, Crimean Tatars’ economy, slave trade, spiritual and material culture, religion, military affairs, demography, their relationship with ethnic and confessional minorities of the Khanate and their Diaspora abroad, images of the Crimean Tatars as the Other constructed and later Orientalized by foreign travelers and observers from Western Europe, Ukraine and Russia. In fact, this book rehabilitates the Crimean Khanate, showing that it was not just a robber’s nest, living off raids on neighbors and the international slave trade, as the late Soviet literature argued. The study fills in a significant gap in contemporary historiography on the subject in the field of Oriental, Russian, Polish, and Ukrainian studies. It also contributes to comparative history of the northern Black sea area at the turn of the early modern times. It is noteworthy that the new series on History of the Crimean Tatars does not dismiss the legacy of the anti-Crimean Soviet literature categorically, but attempts to rethink it all creatively, starting with the pre-revolutionary classic study written by V.D. Smirnov. It resumes revisionist historiography of the Crimean Khanate from Perestroika to the present day proposing possible alternative readings of its history.
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Lozynskyy, Roman. "The missionary travels of the Lviv Jesuits in the 17th and first half of the 18th centuries and its importance for geography". Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, nr 54 (26.11.2020): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2020.54.11824.
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In Europe, during the 17th and first half of the 18th centuries, Lviv played an important role in the history of the Jesuit missionary travels as one of the leading centres of activity of the Society of Jesus in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Jesuit Academy in Lviv maintained contacts with missions in Persia (in Isfahan) and its dependent regions of the South Caucasus (in the cities of Gandia (Ganja), Shamakhi, Yerevan), in the Ottoman Empire (Constantinople) and its vassals in Moldova (in cities Jassy and Kutnari) and Wallachia, as well as in Crimea (Kafa). The most famous Jesuit missionaries, who lived, studied or worked in Lviv, were in different years: Michal Boym, Tadeusz Krusinski, Ignacy Wieszorkowski, Tomash Mlodzianovski, Pavlo Kostanetski, Jan Gostkowski, Stanislaw Solski, Teofil Rutka, and Jan Reut. They have written works that are important for the development of European geography. Michal Boym specified the geographical location of China, Korea, and neighbouring regions and compiled 18 maps of China. Tadeusz Krusinski has explored the countries and regions of the Middle East and Central Asia. He was the first European who makes a regional description of Afghanistan and the Hindu Kush mountain system. Ignacy Wieszorkowski left travel notes about the Jesuit missions in Persia. Joseph Sadovski is the author of a regional description of Turkey. The Jesuit missionaries often occupied senior administrative positions at the Jesuit Academy in Lviv and other Jesuit schools after completing their missionary activities. Lviv has also become an important publishing centre of literature about Eastern countries. This contributed to the expansion of the teacher and student geographical worldview in the Jesuit Academy in Lviv. Its prestige as an educational institution also increased. The geographic heritage of the Jesuit missionaries from Lviv needs further scientific study, including archival searches of materials related to their travels. Key words: missionary travel, Society of Jesus, geographical description, Jesuit Academy in Lviv, Oriental Studies.