Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Policiers transgenres”
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Younus, Janifer, Lubna Ansari Baig, Zaeema Ahmer, Athar Memon i Moyn Aly. "Exploring the Barriers Faced by Transgenders for Accessing Healthcare Facilities in the Metropolitan City of Karachi". Pakistan Journal of Public Health 12, nr 4 (30.12.2022): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v12i4.1025.
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Background: Transgender population experience violence and discrimination because of their gender identity and their proposed image in society. In Pakistan being a transgender creates a serious challenge and threat to survival due to difference in societal system, culture, and nature. Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study analyses the perceptions of accessing healthcare services of 11 transgender individuals who were recruited through snowball sampling after obtaining their written informed consent. Open ended questions regarding experiences of transgenders accessing healthcare facilities in Karachi were asked. Data was collected till the saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed and double checked. Coding of the data was done and subsequently themes were generated. Results: Participants’ mean age was 33 (range 24–65) years. Six themes were identified which revolve around transgenders’ experiences. These were ‘Striving for Life’, ‘Biggest Nightmare! Violence and Harassment’, ‘Shunned by the Society’, ‘Hope for the Better Days’, ‘Transgender as a Pakistani Citizen’ and ‘Attitudes of Healthcare Providers towards transgenders’. Conclusion: There is still a long way to go before accepting transgender individuals as equal members of our society. Despite efforts to reduce discrimination, transgender individuals still face inequalities not only in the society but also in healthcare facilities. This leads to poor access of healthcare facilities. Antidiscrimination policies are needed with increased gender-affirming healthcare access.
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Silva, Liniker Scolfild Rodrigues da, Lusanira Maria da Fonseca de Santa Cruz, Luiz Valério Soares da Cunha Junior, Hélio Monteiro da Silva Filho, Danilo Martins Roque Pereira i Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo. "Obstacles in the access to public health services by transvestites and transgender persons: an integrative review". Rev Rene 24 (24.01.2023): e81811. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20232481811.
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Objective: to describe obstacles to the access to health services of the transvestite and transgender population. Methods: integrative review, conducted from July to August 2022, in the following databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science and SCOPUS. Results: 472 primary studies were found; however, at the end of the analysis process, 14 productions were included in the study. Obstacles to access to health were observed, such as the invisibility of health specificities, the lack of information and preparation of professionals, the susceptibility, which appears in the juvenile stage, and the resistance to care for sexually transmitted infections, highlighting the need to invest in the production of policies that affirm the right to health for this segment of the population. Conclusion: there was a lack of studies on the access of transvestites and transgenders to health services. These difficulties are associated with conservatism, heteronormativity, lack of implementation and regulation of public policies for them. Contributions to practice: this article presents information about access to health care for the transvestite and transgender population, facilitating the view of the specific needs of this population.
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Rani, Nitya, i Anand A. Samuel. "Reducing transphobia: comparing the efficacy of direct and indirect contact". Industrial and Commercial Training 51, nr 7/8 (7.10.2019): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-12-2018-0102.
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Purpose The transgender community faces prejudice and stigma and is one of the most ostracised groups in society. One of the ways to reduce prejudice is through intergroup contact. This may be achieved through direct or indirect contact. The purpose of this paper is to compare the impact of direct and indirect contact on reducing transphobia. Design/methodology/approach Direct contact was achieved through a transgender speaker panel and indirect contact involved a video presentation. In total, 159 students enroled in undergraduate courses at a prominent university in India were enlisted for this study. Perceptions regarding transgenders were measured using the genderism and transphobia scale. Perceptions were measured at three different time points – before the contact, immediately after the contact and one month post contact. Findings Results indicate that both direct and indirect contact cause a significant immediate decrease in transphobia at the post intervention stage. However, only direct contact caused significant reduction at the follow-up stage (one month after the intervention). Direct contact also effected a greater reduction in transphobia than indirect contact. Research limitations/implications This study extends previous research that shows that speaker panels involving sexual minority speakers can result in reducing stigma (e.g. Croteau and Kusek, 1992). The present study shows that such speaker panels can also be useful for reducing stigma against transgender individuals. Another important outcome of this study is the relative effectiveness of direct contact in reducing transphobia compared to indirect contact. Direct contact resulted in greater reduction in transphobia both at the post-test and follow-up stages compared to indirect contact. Practical implications The results of this study may benefit HR practitioners and policy makers in designing workplace initiatives and policies in creating an inclusive workplace. This study shows that meaningful interaction with transgenders would be a key step in reducing stigmatisation. Since direct contact is rarely expensive or time consuming, it can be a valuable tool to improve the integration of transgender individuals within society. Therefore, students and employees may be encouraged to interact with transgender individuals through panel discussions and workshops. Indirect contact may be used as a preliminary intervention in certain cases where direct contact may be difficult to organise. Social implications The stigma faced by transgender individuals has a significant negative impact on their quality of life (Grant et al., 2014; Reisner and Juntunen, 2015). It is, therefore, necessary to recognise and reduce prejudice against transgenders at both the college and school levels as well as in work organisations. Educators and managers have a significant role to play in this societal change. This study shows that stigma reduction can be achieved in a fairly simple way through contact theory. Originality/value This study is one of the first to investigate Indian students’ perceptions of transgenders. It improves on earlier studies using similar interventions in two main ways. First, this study includes a follow-up assessment, which was not performed in most studies. Second, random assignment of participants to one of two conditions improves the reliability of the findings.
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Dellacasa, María Alejandra. "Estado y procesos de vulnerabilización: análisis de las políticas de reconocimiento de personas trans". Revista Direito e Práxis 13, nr 1 (styczeń 2022): 222–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8966/2020/52723.
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Resumen Iniciamos este trabajo con un análisis de las controversias que rodean el reconocimiento legal de las personas trans, junto a los discursos médicos y jurídicos en torno a los cuerpos y las subjetividades que las sustentan. El binarismo y la heteronormatividad han organizado las poblaciones y patologizado a las personas cuyos cuerpos, identidades y deseos están situados por fuera de esas normas. En muchos países del mundo, el diagnóstico psiquiátrico de disforia de género y/o la cirugía de reasignación genital son condiciones ineludibles para acceder a una serie de derechos y al reconocimiento jurídico, en el caso de las personas no conformes con su género.Este artículo parte de una revisión bibliográfica y conceptual, para luego presentar a debate algunas ideas y argumentos que sirven de base a los sistemas jurídicos estatales para el reconocimiento/ desconocimiento de las personas no conformes con la identidad de género que les fue asignada al nacer. En este sentido, uno de los aportes de ese trabajo es la construcción de un modelo de corte analítico que ordena en base a dos paradigmas los modos en que los estados clasifican y categorizan a los sujetos en base a sus identidades sexuales y su corporalidad.
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Zalot, Jozef. "Transgender Policies and Catholic Schools". Ethics & Medics 44, nr 9 (2019): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/em201944913.
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Over the past few years The National Catholic Bioethics Center (NCBC) has received numerous inquiries from Catholic school principals and superintendents asking for guidance on how they can (1) respond to gender ideology in their schools and (2) address the particular challenges that arise when a student (or parent) announces that he or she is transgender. In the absence of specific, practical guidance on these issues from the US bishops or the Church universal, these administrators are confused and often at a loss for what they should—and should not—do. The NCBC reviewed various Catholic school policies concerning transgenderism to identify best practices. The following list is neither complete nor exhaustive. Instead it is presented as a guide or framework for other schools to use in drafting their own policies in response to this powerful, but erroneous, social trend.
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Du Bois, Steve N., Wren Yoder, Arryn A. Guy, Kelly Manser i Stephen Ramos. "Examining Associations Between State-Level Transgender Policies and Transgender Health". Transgender Health 3, nr 1 (grudzień 2018): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2018.0031.
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Patchett, Erin, i Jason Foster. "Inclusive Recreation: The State of Campus Policies, Facilities, Trainings, and Programs for Transgender Participants". Recreational Sports Journal 39, nr 2 (październik 2015): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/rsj.2015-0028.
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This study served to examine the environment for transgender participants in campus recreation. Research questions examined 1) policies, 2) facilities, 3) programs, 4) trainings in place at recreation centers to create an inclusive environment for transgender participants, and 5) how departments assess their transgender-inclusive practices. Findings indicate the majority (79%, n = 123) of institutions do not have policies related to transgender participants. Sixty-three percent of responding schools have gender-inclusive bathrooms while 44% have similar locker rooms. Over half (57%) collaborate with diversity offices for staff training with only 13% of those schools ( n = 18) providing transgender-specific trainings. Finally, despite only 21% of respondents having transgender policies in place, the majority of respondents (79%) moderately or strongly agreed their department's mission, vision, or values addressed diversity in some manner and disagreed that their departments had shown resistance to implementing transgender policies.
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Sykes, Heather. "Transsexual and Transgender Policies in Sport". Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 15, nr 1 (kwiecień 2006): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.15.1.3.
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This article examines developments in gender policies in sport in relation to recent changes in transsexual rights legislation and gender identity activism. The Gay Games has developed a gender identity policy about “men, women, transgender and intersex” athletes. In 2004, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) introduced the Stockholm Consensus on sex reassignment surgery to allow “transsexual” athletes to compete at the Olympics. These developments do not indicate an overall increase in the acceptance of gender variance in the world of sport; rather, there has been ongoing resistance to inclusive gender policies in mainstream sport organizations. I argue this resistance is based on anxieties about the instability of the male/female gender binary and the emergence of queer gender subjectivities within women’s, gay, and mainstream sporting communities.
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Elfman, Lois. "Women's Colleges Address Transgender Admission Policies". Women in Higher Education 24, nr 4 (30.03.2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/whe.20187.
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Lewis, Gregory B., i David W. Pitts. "LGBT–Heterosexual Differences in Perceptions of Fair Treatment in the Federal Service". American Review of Public Administration 47, nr 5 (24.09.2015): 574–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074015605378.
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Although we still lack objective data on treatment of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgenders (LGBTs) in the federal service, a huge recent survey of federal employees allows us to compare LGBT and heterosexual employees’ perceptions of the treatment they receive. LGBTs have several reasons for more negative perceptions of their treatment: 70 years of federal policies that explicitly discriminated against LGBTs in large and small ways; sizable minorities who still condemn homosexuality even as public attitudes are increasingly accepting; and continuing pay gaps between comparably educated and experienced gay, bisexual, and transgender (GBT) and heterosexual men in the general economy. We examine differences in satisfaction with pay, performance appraisals, promotions, raises, prohibited personnel practices, commitment to diversity, agency leadership, and relationships with supervisors and co-workers. LGBTs are less satisfied with their treatment across the board.
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Jones, Bethany Alice, Jon Arcelus, Walter Pierre Bouman i Emma Haycraft. "Sport and Transgender People: A Systematic Review of the Literature Relating to Sport Participation and Competitive Sport Policies". Sports Medicine 47, nr 4 (3.10.2016): 701–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0621-y.
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Abstract Background Whether transgender people should be able to compete in sport in accordance with their gender identity is a widely contested question within the literature and among sport organisations, fellow competitors and spectators. Owing to concerns surrounding transgender people (especially transgender female individuals) having an athletic advantage, several sport organisations place restrictions on transgender competitors (e.g. must have undergone gender-confirming surgery). In addition, some transgender people who engage in sport, both competitively and for leisure, report discrimination and victimisation. Objective To the authors’ knowledge, there has been no systematic review of the literature pertaining to sport participation or competitive sport policies in transgender people. Therefore, this review aimed to address this gap in the literature. Method Eight research articles and 31 sport policies were reviewed. Results In relation to sport-related physical activity, this review found the lack of inclusive and comfortable environments to be the primary barrier to participation for transgender people. This review also found transgender people had a mostly negative experience in competitive sports because of the restrictions the sport’s policy placed on them. The majority of transgender competitive sport policies that were reviewed were not evidence based. Conclusion Currently, there is no direct or consistent research suggesting transgender female individuals (or male individuals) have an athletic advantage at any stage of their transition (e.g. cross-sex hormones, gender-confirming surgery) and, therefore, competitive sport policies that place restrictions on transgender people need to be considered and potentially revised.
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Redcay, Alex, i Wade Luquet. "Institutional Change and Transgender Employment". Advances in Social Work 20, nr 3 (29.01.2021): 515–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/23436.
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The purpose of this paper is to recommend non-discriminatory policies and practices regarding transgender individuals in the workplace. This paper will summarize workplace discrimination legal cases involving transgender individuals. Specifically, employers can be held financially responsible if they fire or discriminate against transgender individuals on the basis of gender identity and gender expression and can be required to use affirmed pronouns, revise policies, and provide training to employees regarding non-discrimination. Employers cannot discriminate against transgender individuals for transitioning, cannot prevent transgender individuals from using a particular bathroom or locker room, and cannot require employees to medically transition prior to gender identity recognition. Employers can be required to allow medical services related to transgender care. Finally, transgender individuals are a protected class under Title VII. This paper discusses the historical and current legal cases that prevent employment discrimination and proposes policies and practices. Recommendations for social workers include creating a sufficient non-discrimination policy, consulting with experts, becoming recognized on an equality index, educating others by not shaming them, and following the social work code of ethics.
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Crissman, Halley, Michelle Moniz, Melissa A. Plegue i Tammy Chang. "Youth Perspectives on Transgender Bathroom Use Policies". Journal of Adolescent Health 62, nr 2 (luty 2018): S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.11.090.
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Barnard, Janalee, Kristopher M. Goodrich i Allison M. Borden. "A New Civil Rights Campaign? Policies and Practices to Support Students’ Gender Diversity". Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership 21, nr 3 (14.11.2017): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555458917741173.
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Ms. Barnard is faced with a complex dilemma. The district administrator in charge of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) initiatives and support was presented with a case of a transgender student who wished to attend an overnight field trip and share a room with other students based on her gender identity. Although the district had made previous headway in formatting district policies to fit the needs of transgender students, no procedural directive was available to respond to this new situation. In addition, the superintendent of the district was unsupportive of transgender students. The case was developed for an educational leadership course so that students can discuss the legal issues, role and value conflicts, and theoretical perspective informing policy and practice.
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Jin, Lin. "How to Remove the Stigma? Effects of Protective Policy for Transgender: Based on Transgender-Inclusive Policies in Schools of California". Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (7.02.2023): 1655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4547.
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With transgender gaining more visibility among the public, transgender students still experience stigmatization on campus. Based on this, the paper explores policy initiatives taken to promote greater trans-inclusive climates to remove stigma and policy limitations in schools in California. Firstly, transgender stigma is presented in three fields related to discourse, identity, and value. Employing policy analysis based on one case, which is a multidisciplinary research method that seeks to generate, assess, and disseminate policy-relevant knowledge. This paper also reviews the current policies of transgender protection in California, further examining the effects of the transgender-inclusive policies in one specific area and the limitations. Finally, this paper ends with some recommendations for what kind of revision or reform is anticipated to remove transgender stigmatization. This research not only stimulates further discussion of the transgender youth which is a relatively hidden group but also serves as the source in favor of changing policy to improve access to high-quality care and the advancement of the rights of transgender individuals.
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Park, Jungman, i Jianwen LIU. "Intersectional examination of transgender women in South Korea: a case study of the dismissal of the first transgender officer by the Ministry of National Defense". International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences 9 (29.12.2023): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/kr.2023.09.03.
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This paper presents an intersectional examination of transgender women in South Korea, focusing on the dismissal of the first transgender officer, Hee-soo Byun (who committed suicide later after the dismissal), by the Ministry of National Defense in 2021. Drawing on the principles of Korean feminism and the third-wave feminist emphasis on intersectionality, the study examines the intersecting factors of gender identity, military service, and institutional policies that contribute to the marginalization and mistreatment of transgender individuals. By investigating the multifaceted challenges experienced by transgender women in South Korea, this paper highlights the complex dynamics of discrimination, taking into account the unique cultural and socio-political context of Korean society. This article aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on transgender rights, gender equality, and feminist activism in South Korea, providing insights to inform future discussions, policies, and actions aimed at promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities for transgender individuals within the context of military service and beyond.
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Miller, Patrick R., Andrew R. Flores, Donald P. Haider-Markel, Daniel C. Lewis, Barry Tadlock i Jami K. Taylor. "The Politics of Being “Cait”: Caitlyn Jenner, Transphobia, and Parasocial Contact Effects on Transgender-Related Political Attitudes". American Politics Research 48, nr 5 (2.03.2020): 622–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x20906460.
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Celebrities saturate American culture and often become relevant in politics, yet political science has largely left unstudied how celebrities affect mass political behavior. We focus on the 2015 story of Caitlyn Jenner revealing her transgender identity. Using an original nationally representative survey from that summer, we examine whether following the Jenner story and evaluations of its social significance affected attitudes toward transgender rights policies. Specifically, we examine how age and transphobia interacted with engagement with the Jenner story to shape attitudes toward transgender rights. We find, counterintuitively, that older respondents who were more transphobic were less likely to see her story as representing negative social trends if they followed it in the media. Furthermore, more transphobic older respondents were more likely to support pro-transgender policies if they viewed Jenner’s story less negatively. We then discuss the implications of our findings for research on celebrity effects on politics and transgender rights.
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Hayes, Derren. "Developing transgender policies for youth groups – key questions". Children and Young People Now 2018, nr 11 (2.11.2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/cypn.2018.11.11.
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Abhijit B. "Transgender Persons and Affirmative Action: Answering the Why and the How". Journal of Legal Studies & Research 09, nr 03 (2023): 296–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.55662/jlsr.2023.9304.
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Justice Radhakrishnan began his judgement in the landmark Indian case of NALSA v Union of India, with an observation on the society’s moral failure being exhibited by its exclusion of the transgender community and its inability to understand their pain. The division bench judgement unanimously stated, inter alia that reservations be opened up for the transgender community by declaring them as socially and educationally backward. In the years since this judgement, however, there have barely been any State actions in India to implement the judgement in its spirit. The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, a statute passed to further the ideals of protecting the interests of the transgender community was met with resistance and protests from the transgender community itself. The absence of reservation provisions in the Act was one of the many grievances raised by the activists. India’s Union cabinet has recently approved a cabinet note to include transgender persons within the ‘Other Backward Communities’, a move to open up the reservations in education and employment to transgender persons. Here, I look at the dichotomy between the acceptance of transgender persons in the early local Indian community practices and the discrimination that came with the colonisation and western mores. I attempt to understand the use of contemporary legal tools, like reservations as a compensatory and corrective measure for the aforementioned discrimination. While examining the adequacy of reservations as a measure, I look at the possibilities of potential Affirmative Action policies that go beyond the traditional state mandated reservation policies in India. I also intend to learn from existing Affirmative Action policies for the transgender community in the United States and the United Kingdom to provide suggestions that can benefit the community in India.
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Tucker, Raymond P. "Suicide in Transgender Veterans: Prevalence, Prevention, and Implications of Current Policy". Perspectives on Psychological Science 14, nr 3 (4.04.2019): 452–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691618812680.
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Transgender adults serve in the U.S. military at 2 to 3 times the rate of the general adult population. Unfortunately, transgender veterans die by suicide at twice the rate of their cisgender veteran peers and approximately 5.85 times the rate of the general population. This article reviews the literature regarding the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in transgender veterans. Suicide risk and resilience factors are reviewed, and future areas of study are detailed that incorporate findings from the broader suicide-prevention literature and research on transgender mental-health disparities. Individual services and broader prevention considerations are discussed, including the adaptation of evidence-based suicide-specific psychological interventions, national transgender health-training resources, and relevant veteran suicide-prevention initiatives. Finally, U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs policies regarding transgender service and health care are reviewed. State-level policies relevant to transgender veteran suicide such as firearm ownership and nondiscrimination laws are also reviewed, and their implications for suicide prevention are discussed. The aim of this article is to provide a broad review of research findings from multiple fields of study to assist health-care providers, researchers, and policymakers in their efforts to prevent transgender veteran suicide.
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Poteat, Tonia, i Ames Simmons. "Intersectional Structural Stigma, Community Priorities, and Opportunities for Transgender Health Equity: Findings from TRANSforming the Carolinas". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 50, nr 3 (2022): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2022.86.
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AbstractIn this manuscript, “Intersectional Structural Stigma, Community Priorities, and Opportunities for Transgender Health Equity,” Poteat and Simmons outline the legal and policy barriers that impede efforts to end the HIV epidemic among transgender people in the South. They present qualitative and quantitative data from a community engaged research study conducted with transgender adults and other key stakeholders as well as finding from an analysis of policies impacting transgender people in both states. Violence prevention and decriminalization are highlighted as key policy initiatives that would advance health equity for transgender people.
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Peyghambarzadeh, Zenyab, i Surya Monro. "Considering Transgender in Iran". lambda nordica 26, nr 1 (5.07.2021): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34041/ln.v26.726.
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Review: Saeidzadeh, Zara. 2020. Trans and Sex Change in Contemporary Iran: A Socio-Legal Study of Gendered Policies and Practices. PhD diss. Örebro University: Centre for Feminist Social Studies. (159 pages)
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Tagg, Brendon. "Transgender Netballers: Ethical Issues and Lived Realities". Sociology of Sport Journal 29, nr 2 (czerwiec 2012): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.29.2.151.
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Transgender people are increasingly tolerated, and sometimes even actively celebrated, within contemporary Western popular culture. However, despite the broader political movement against gender-based discrimination, transgender people’s participation in élite sport remains contentious. Although American transgender professional tennis player Renee Richards drew attention to transgender athletes as early as the mid-1970s, even major sports organizations such as the International Olympic Committee (IOC) struggle to formulate fair and consistent gender policies. This article discusses the specific case of transgender players in men’s netball in New Zealand, a somewhat uniquely gendered sport, as a means of understanding emerging issues surrounding transgender athletes’ participation in sport more broadly.
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Bränström, Richard, i John E. Pachankis. "Country-level structural stigma, identity concealment, and day-to-day discrimination as determinants of transgender people’s life satisfaction". Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 56, nr 9 (13.02.2021): 1537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-021-02036-6.
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Abstract Purpose Discriminatory laws, policies, and population attitudes, surrounding transgender people vary greatly across countries, from equal protection under the law and full acceptance to lack of legal recognition and open bias. The consequences of this substantial between-country variation on transgender people’s health and well-being is poorly understood. We therefore examined the association between structural stigma and transgender people’s life satisfaction across 28 countries. Methods Data from transgender participants (n = 6771) in the 2012 EU-LGBT-survey regarding identity concealment, day-to-day discrimination, and life satisfaction were assessed. Structural stigma was measured using publicly available data regarding each country’s discriminatory laws, policies, and population attitudes towards transgender people. Results Multilevel models showed that country-level structural stigma was associated with lower life satisfaction, an association largely explained by higher levels of identity concealment in higher-structural-stigma countries. Yet identity concealment was also associated with lower day-to-day discrimination and therefore protected against even lower life satisfaction. Conclusion The results emphasize the importance of changing discriminatory legislation and negative population attitudes to improve transgender people’s life satisfaction, and also highlight targets for intervention at interpersonal and individual levels.
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Collins, Jonathan E. "Policy Solutions: Transgender students: Navigating the politics". Phi Delta Kappan 105, nr 3 (31.10.2023): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00317217231212015.
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Superintendents increasingly are leaving their positions over pressure and vitriol in their communities over culture war issues, such as critical race theory and supports for LGBTQ+ students. Columnist Jonathan E. Collins performed two studies revealing that when policies on transgender students are framed as protection from violence, more people support those policies, regardless of their political affiliation. These considerations could help districts support transgender students without tension and controversy in their communities.
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Flores, Andrew R., Donald P. Haider-Markel, Daniel C. Lewis, Patrick R. Miller, Barry L. Tadlock i Jami K. Taylor. "Transgender prejudice reduction and opinions on transgender rights: Results from a mediation analysis on experimental data". Research & Politics 5, nr 1 (styczeń 2018): 205316801876494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168018764945.
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Fears, phobias, and dislikes about minorities should be strong determinants of whether Americans support policies protecting such minorities. Studies suggest that discussions and information about transgender people can reduce transphobia. However, these studies also indicate that experimental treatments do not necessarily affect individual attitudes on policies concerning transgender rights. Scholars contend that durably reducing prejudice should increase public support for minority rights. In this study, we examine this causal mechanism utilizing an experiment. We find that reducing transphobia is a reliable mechanism to increase public support for transgender rights. These results are robust to causal identification assumptions, suggesting that this mechanism provides a clear avenue for stigmatized groups to increase public support of rights for those groups.
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Vanaman, Matthew E., i Hanah A. Chapman. "Disgust and disgust-driven moral concerns predict support for restrictions on transgender bathroom access". Politics and the Life Sciences 39, nr 2 (2020): 200–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pls.2020.20.
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AbstractMany U.S. states have proposed policies that restrict bathroom access to an individual’s birth sex. These policies have had widespread effects on safety for transgender and gender-nonconforming people, as well as on state economies. In this registered report, we assessed the role of disgust in support for policies that restrict transgender bathroom access. We found that sensitivity to pathogen disgust was positively associated with support for bathroom restrictions; sexual and injury disgust were unrelated. We also examined the role of disgust-driven moral concerns, known as purity concerns, as well as harm-related moral concerns in support for bathroom restrictions. While concerns about harm to cisgender and transgender people predicted support for bathroom restrictions, purity was a much stronger predictor. Also, purity partially mediated the link between pathogen disgust and support for bathroom restrictions, even after accounting for harm concerns. Findings and implications are discussed.
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Cicero, Ethan C., i Linda M. Wesp. "Supporting the Health and Well-Being of Transgender Students". Journal of School Nursing 33, nr 2 (20.01.2017): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840516689705.
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Throughout the United States, there has been a rise in public discourse about transgender people and transgender issues. Much of this attention stems from passed and proposed anti-LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning) legislation, including “bathroom bills” that would require transgender people to use public facilities corresponding with the sex designated on their birth certificates. With the recent discussion and legislation impacting school-aged children and adolescents, what does this mean for school nurses and how can they care and advocate for their transgender students? In this article, we aim to empower school nurses to join the discussion, advocate for inclusive and equitable school policies, and deliver gender-affirming care to transgender students. We will explain transgender identities; transgender-related stigma, prejudice, discrimination, and health concerns; gender-affirming approaches in caring for transgender youth; and implications for school nurses. School nurses play a key role in creating a space that is welcoming and affirming where transgender students can thrive.
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Green, Jamison. "Unbending the Light: Changing Laws and Policies to Make Transgender Health Visible; Reflections of an Advocate". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 50, nr 3 (2022): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2022.90.
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AbstractThis essay describes an instrumental advocate’s development, engagement, and accomplishments in transgender health at the intersection of law and medicine. Reflecting on the evolution of insurance policy reforms in conjunction with the need to increase the availability of clinicians who can understand and respectfully treat transgender patients, the author demonstrates how visibility, tenacity, and ingenuity can create far-reaching change.
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Pharr, Jennifer R., Lung-Chang Chien, Maxim Gakh, Jason Flatt, Krystal Kittle i Emylia Terry. "Serial Mediation Analysis of the Association of Familiarity with Transgender Sports Bans and Suicidality among Sexual and Gender Minority Adults in the United States". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 17 (26.08.2022): 10641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710641.
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Background: Discriminatory laws and policies are a form of structural stigma that is associated with increased suicidality among sexual and gender minority (SGM) people. Unfortunately, in the United States, there has been an increase in state-level discriminatory laws and policies targeting SGM people in 2021 and 2022, particularly, transgender sports bans. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine if familiarity with transgender sports bans was associated with suicidality among SGM adults; and (2) determine if interpersonal stigma and/or individual stigma mediated this association. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of data collected from a national sample of 1033 SGM adults in the United States between 28 January and 7 February 2022. Univariate and serial mediator models were used in this analysis. Results: The increased suicidality was associated with familiarity with state-level transgender sports bans among SGM adults (p-value = 0.0150). Even after interpersonal and individual stigma mediated this relationship, the association between suicidality and familiarity with state-level transgender sports bans remained (p-value = 0.0106). Conclusion: State-level transgender sports bans appear to exacerbate existing disparities in mental health, especially for individuals who are familiar with the bans. They directly discriminate against people who are transgender and indirectly stigmatize the broader SGM community.
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O'Brien, Timothy. "Executive order, OCR rulings, impact transgender student‐athlete policies". College Athletics and the Law 17, nr 12 (marzec 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/catl.30841.
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Davis, Heath Fogg. "Sex-Classification Policies as Transgender Discrimination: An Intersectional Critique". Perspectives on Politics 12, nr 1 (marzec 2014): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592713003708.
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Sex-classification policies are unjust because they prompt and authorize administrative agents to use their own subjective gender judgments to target, inspect, and exclude transgender-appearing people from the public accommodations under their watch. The vast majority of sex-classification policies are not rationally related to legitimate policy goals because there is no objective, socially agreed upon test for determining who is male and who is female, and legitimate policy goals such as fraud prevention, safety, security, and privacy can almost always be met more effectively by alternative means that do not subject people to gender inspection. I make a legal-normative argument for using gender-identity antidiscrimination laws to abolish sex-classification policies. I ground this radical proposal in a modified liberalism that treats sexual self-definition as an integral feature of liberal self-definition. Gender and intersectionality theorists rightly point out the deep structure of race-sex-class perception and oppression, but many of these theorists are too quick to dismiss the radical potential of gender-identity discrimination laws to eliminate, rather than modify, longstanding sex-classification policies. Racial, class and gender perception intersect to generate the possibility, rather than the inevitability, of invidious sex administration. And that is more than enough reason to abandon sex-classification policies.
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Hamdan, Jessica L., Andrea Goldstein Shipper, Stephanie Roth i Yaara Zisman-Ilani. "Disparities in sport participation of transgender women: a systematic and scoping review protocol". BMJ Open 13, nr 7 (lipiec 2023): e074054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074054.
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IntroductionTransgender women experience disparities in sport participation that are exacerbated by policies from sport organisations and legislation in the USA regulating the participation of transgender women in the category that best aligns with their gender identity. Both transgender and cisgender women are affected by these policies because sport organisations do not have a clear understanding of the effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on transgender women and the unfair advantage they may have over cisgender women athletes. This article describes a review protocol to understand disparities in sport participation of transgender women.Methods and analysisA systematic and scoping review is being conducted. Studies are included if they explore disparities in sport participation (ie, participation rates, real and/or perceived barriers to participation) of transgender women of any age. A search strategy has been developed for PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and CINAHL. Relevant grey literature will also be scanned. The planned search dates are July and August 2023.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not directly involve human subjects, so ethical approval is not required. Findings from the systematic review will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed journals and conferences.
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Xu, Wei. "Discrimination on Gender Binary Campuses". Elements 16, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/eurj.v16i1.14063.
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In recent years, transgender people have both grown in numbers and visibility in the united states. However, the issue of discrimination against transgender people has been a serious and widespread phenomenon in today's society. This paper discusses the transgender issues at large and how the issues negatively affect transgender students' college experiences in a variety of ways, including but not limited to institutions' failure to include "gender identity" in their nondiscrimination policies. The evidence from scholarly sources also suggests that religiously affiliated, single-sex and two-year colleges typically offer few protections for transgender students. Finally, the paper will examine institutions' past initiatives on the subject matter and provide recommendations for institutions to create a more gender-friendly environmnent.
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Sanwal, Sabeh Ahmad, Waqas Ahmed, Sharafat Ali i Ifra khan. "A Study on Socio-Economic Problems Faced by the Transgender: The Evidence from Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan". International Journal of Social Science & Entrepreneurship 3, nr 1 (30.01.2023): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.58661/ijsse.v3i1.107.
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Transgender community have been facing socioeconomic problems in Pakistan for long. It is imperative to identify such issues to resolve these problems for the betterment of the transgender community. This study is primarily focused on theidentification and evaluation of socioeconomic problems faced by the transgender individuals in the Dera Ghazi Khan division, Punjab, Pakistan. The study shows that the transgender individuals lack the access to better healthcare facilities, haveno access to education, and have no employment opportunities. Consequently
transgender community have to live in severe economic conditions with meagreincome levels. Moreover, they do not have any social recognition and status. Thefindings of the study draws attention of the government and policymakers topromulgate policies to ensure the provision of better healthcare, educational, andemployment opportunities to the deprived transgender individuals.
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Shen, Jinxuan, i Cheng Jiang. "Analysis and Countermeasures of the Educational Situation of Transgender Students in Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand". Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 56, nr 1 (11.07.2024): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/56/20241607.
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With the development of gender diversity culture and cross-domain inclusion in Thailand, transgender students are receiving increasing attention. Transgender students, also known as trans students, refer to those whose physiological gender does not match their self-identified gender. Developing and implementing targeted educational strategies and policies are crucial for improving the quality of education for transgender students and promoting educational equity. The educational situation of transgender students mainly reflects issues in educational resources, opportunities, and fairness. By focusing on educational and teaching practices, it is hoped that transgender students can find a balance between their self-identity and social roles. This paper analyzes the living conditions and educational status of transgender students in the Thonburi area of Bangkok, Thailand, and proposes countermeasures, aiming to provide positive reference suggestions for related research.
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Lewis, Daniel C., Andrew R. Flores, Donald P. Haider-Markel, Patrick R. Miller, Barry L. Tadlock i Jami K. Taylor. "Degrees of Acceptance: Variation in Public Attitudes toward Segments of the LGBT Community". Political Research Quarterly 70, nr 4 (30.06.2017): 861–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912917717352.
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The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community includes a diverse set of groups, including distinct groups based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity, but it is not clear whether the public makes distinctions in their attitudes toward these subgroups. If they do, what factors motivate individuals to evaluate gays and lesbians differently from transgender people? This study analyzes Americans’ attitudes toward these communities, and it evaluates their support for nondiscrimination protections. We find that public attitudes are significantly more negative toward transgender people and policies pertaining to them than they are toward gay men and lesbians and related policies. The analyses reveal that differences in these attitudes are associated with social contact effects, variation in cognitive consistency, elite cues, and the varying magnitudes of key political factors, such as religiosity and partisanship.
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Bowden, Randall, i Kayleigh McCauley. "Leadership Styles of College and University Athletic Directors and the Presence of NCAA Transgender Policy". Journal of Educational Issues 2, nr 2 (14.11.2016): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v2i2.10120.
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<p>In September 2011, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) announced the <em>Policy on Transgender Inclusion</em>. It provides guidelines for transgender student athletes to participate in sex-separated athletic teams according to their gender identity. The <em>2012 LGBTQ National College Athlete Report</em>, the first of its kind, provided information to help serve gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer (GLBTQ) students. Although the <em>Policy on Transgender Inclusion</em> has been around since 2011 and the <em>2012 Report</em> provided insights, the extent by which best practices have been implemented has not been adequately explored. This study examined the relationship of athletic directors’ leadership frames to transgender inclusion policies at institutions with NCAA athletics. Athletic directors from active member NCAA schools were contacted: 340 in Division I; 290 in Division II; and 436 in Division III. Leadership was examined according to the Multi-frame Model for Organizations in addition to Intersectionality Theory. The human resource frame was the most common and the political frame was the least. There were no statistically significant differences among NCAA Divisions or between private and public institutions. Although athletic directors acknowledged transgender policies and were aware of the legal parameters, lack of policy presence was prevalent on campuses.</p>
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Malik, Sadia, Umair Ijaz i Asra Khan. "Constitutional Human Rights Of Transgender Persons In Pakistan: A Linguistic And Social Inquiry". Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 22, nr 1 (8.03.2022): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v22i1.576.
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This paper aims to investigate the lexical choices made in the Constitution to represent gender, the granted constitutional human rights of transgender persons, and contradictory social practices from the perspective of making them powerless and marginalized in terms of non-gender binary. The quantitative analysis of the second section of the Constitution related to human rights and principles of policy for government in terms of nouns and personal pronouns to represent generic pronouns and its implication for gender representation in a legal document was carried out through simple concordance program 4.0.5 by generating word list of data to find the frequencies. Moreover, the basic human rights of dignity, education, health care, financial security, employment opportunities, and equality in all respects ensured to all the citizens of state are discussed and social realizations of these rights for transgender are explored. The findings reveal that transgender persons neither have any representation in the Constitution of Pakistan nor they are the recipients of basic human rights in Pakistani society as compared to other marginalized groups like women, children and differently able people. To conclude, it can be said that although in the last decade, governments have passed some policies (Transgender Persons Welfare Policy, 2018) to empower Transgender community, yet, a long-term nation based social awareness program and implementation of policies are recommended to make transgender persons’ lives better in letter and spirit.
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Fataya, Isna Ardyani. "Negotiating Transgender Identity Amidst Increasing Cases of Discrimination in Donald Trump’s Presidency". Humanus 19, nr 2 (31.10.2020): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/humanus.v19i2.109945.
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In contemporary society, transgender become a controversial issue since people consider the attitude violates binary gender. As transgender organization to obtain equal rights grew larger, discriminations against transgender ironically grew larger. This research aims at investigating factors which trigger the rise of discrimination cases against transgender in Donald Trump’s presidency. It also analyzes efforts of transgender people to negotiate their identity in the midst of discrimination. This research employs descriptive qualitative method with the source of data are taken from U.S online newspaper, The New York Times from 2017 to 2020 throughout Trump’s presidency. The study reports that the increasing cases of discrimination against transgender are perpetuated by Trump’s anti-LGBT policies, racist and sexist attitude, religious Christian belief. In addition, transgender have ways to negotiate public discrimination by concealing gender identity and modifying gender expression such as by changing legal name, pronoun, clothing, voice, and mannerism.
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Canady, Valerie A. "Major MH disparities found among trans vs. cis youth". Mental Health Weekly 34, nr 17 (27.04.2024): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34026.
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Despite broad improvements in attitudes toward gender minorities, a new study examining mental health disparities in transgender individuals compared to the cisgender population has found alarming increases over several years, prompting researchers to call for new policies to address the worsening mental health of transgender and gender nonconforming people in the United States.
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Choudhary, Mahima. "Exploratory Research to Assess the Impact of Government Services and Schemes on Transgender Youth (15-29 Years) in the State of Madhya Pradesh". BSSS Journal of Social Work 15, nr 1 (30.06.2023): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/jsw1510.
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The study discusses the challenges faced by the transgender (TG) population in India, including violence and prejudice, despite constitutional guarantees. The study focuses on transgender youth in Madhya Pradesh, assessing their access to government schemes and services. Findings reveal difficulties in obtaining essential government documents, and COVID-19 exacerbated the situation. The study recommends establishing a functional transgender welfare board, conducting awareness campaigns, and providing inclusive infrastructure to promote social inclusion. Ensuring access to education, employment, and healthcare is crucial. The study emphasizes implementing reservation policies, offering mental health support, and fostering an understanding society. Overall, the study aims to uplift the transgender community in India.
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Rosa, Danilo Fagundes, Marcos Vinícius de Freitas Carvalho, Nayla Rodrigues Pereira, Natalia Tenore Rocha, Vanessa Ribeiro Neves i Anderson da Silva Rosa. "Nursing Care for the transgender population: genders from the perspective of professional practice". Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 72, suppl 1 (luty 2019): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0644.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To describe and analyze the national and international scientific production on Nursing care for the transgender or gender-variance population. Method: Integrative review of the literature, conducted throughout the Virtual Health Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Public Medline and Web of Science databases, without pre-established periods of time and using the descriptors "Transgender AND ‘Nursing Assistance'" and "Transgender AND ‘Nursing care'". Results: We included 11 articles, published between 2005 and 2016, broadly North American with only one Brazilian, so categorized: I- Fragility in the care of transgender people; II - Health of the transgender population: general and specific demands; III- Public health policies for transgender people. Transgender people have not found yet answers to their health demands; they are victims of prejudices and violence in services and seek care in extreme cases of sickness. Final considerations: Understanding their needs is primordial to build knowledge and practices that support nursing care.
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Mangin, Melinda. "Supporting transgender and gender-expansive children in school". Phi Delta Kappan 100, nr 2 (24.09.2018): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721718803564.
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As transgender people have received greater visibility and acceptance, as well as increased legal protections, educators have begun to examine their school policies and practices with an eye toward legal compliance and a desire to be welcoming to all students. Melinda Mangin shares insights from interviews with educators who have sought to improve their policies and practices on the district, school, and classroom level. Providing support requires educators to learn about the differences between sex, gender, and sexuality; to be proactive in creating inclusive policies before issues arise; and to work closely with parents and students to understand their needs.
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Beauchamp, Toby. "Artful Concealment and Strategic Visibility: Transgender Bodies and U.S. State Surveillance After 9/11". Surveillance & Society 6, nr 4 (26.06.2009): 356–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v6i4.3267.
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This article considers recent measures of U.S. state surveillance that may first appear unrelated to transgender people, to demonstrate that such policies are in fact deeply rooted in the maintenance and enforcement of normatively gendered bodies, behaviors and identities. The paper argues that surveillance of these bodies centers less on their identification as transgender per se than it does on the perceived deception underlying transgressive or non-normative gender presentation. Finally, the paper argues that the primary strategies and responses offered by transgender advocacy organizations tend to reconsolidate U.S. nationalism and support the increased policing of deviant bodies.
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Arguello, Juan Carlos. "Developing policies for adult sexual minorities with mental health needs in secured settings". CNS Spectrums 25, nr 5 (13.02.2020): 618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852919001755.
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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) people are more likely to be disproportionally placed in a secured setting such jails, prisons, and forensic hospitals. These settings can be traumatizing, hostile, and dangerous—especially for those who are suffering from mental illness. Administrators are encouraged to develop institutional policies that undoubtedly include that LGBT residents should be free of discrimination, victimization, and abuse. LGBT residents should have equal access to safe housing, vocational programs, rehabilitation services, as well as medical and mental health treatments. Several organizations provide guidelines to ensure that LGBT residents are protected. This article provides a general roadmap for developing LGBT policies in secured settings synergizing the recommendations of some of these organizations with emphasis on policy guidelines for transgender people that are not only standards for good care but also very cost-effective interventions that can help reduce symptoms of mental illness for this population.
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Rosyid, Muhammad Aenur, i Syamsul Anam. "The Social Construction of Transgender in Jember Regency After the Jember Fashion Carnival Event: A Human Rights Perspective". Jurnal HAM 14, nr 1 (30.04.2023): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/ham.2023.14.91-104.
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The issue of discrimination and negative stigmatization of transgender people in the Jember Regency is considered an obstacle to the freedom of expression for every individual. This study aims to analyze the views of the people of the Jember Regency in regard to transgender women’s right to freedom of expression after the Jember Fashion Carnival event. This research utilizes an empirical juridical research method with sociological approach and legal approaches. The results of this study indicate that the community's social construction of the rights of transgender expression after the Jember Fashion Carnival event is demonstrated through the community's appreciation of the transgender people’s works at the event and the provision of space for their expression to develop creativity. Although the government of Jember Regency has not implemented specific policies to protect the rights of transgender people in expressing themselves and developing their potential, the government and residents of Jember have recognized the transgender community as citizens with equal rights and positions to express themselves and contribute to the progress of Jember Regency.
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Waselewski, Alexander, Marika Waselewski, Eric Waselewski, Laura Kruger i Tammy Chang. "Perspectives of US Youths on Participation of Transgender Individuals in Competitive Sports". JAMA Network Open 6, nr 2 (8.02.2023): e2255107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.55107.
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ImportanceRights and access for transgender individuals, including the participation of transgender athletes in sports, have long been debated. These discussions often center around fairness and mental health impacts on youths associated with identity-based inclusion in sports.ObjectiveTo assess the experiences and perspectives of adolescents and young adults on the inclusion of transgender individuals in competitive sports.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this qualitative study, 5 open-ended survey questions were sent to the MyVoice cohort from December 10 to 17, 2021. MyVoice is a nationwide text-message polling platform of US youths aged 14 to 24 years. All coding and subsequent analysis was completed between January 10 and December 11, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresQualitative perspectives of youths regarding transgender athlete participation in sports as measured by survey responses. Responses were reviewed using an inductive approach to qualitative thematic analysis to develop a codebook. The codes were independently applied to all responses by 2 investigators; discrepancies were resolved with discussion. Summary statistics were calculated for demographic characteristics and code frequencies, and χ2 tests (α = .05, 2-tailed) were used to evaluate differences in opinion based on gender identity and participation in competitive sports.ResultsA total of 905 of 1199 youths (75%) responded to the survey. Respondents had a mean (SD) age of 20 (2) years; 482 (53%) identified as male, 29 (3%) identified as transgender, and 306 (34%) reported having participated in high school and/or collegiate athletics. Three themes emerged: (1) youths differed regarding the inclusion of transgender athletes based on gender identity vs sex assigned at birth, (2) many youths did not have personal experience related to the inclusion of transgender athletes, and (3) youths were uncertain about the impacts of gender identity–based participation on cisgender individuals but perceived positive impacts for transgender individuals. Nearly half of respondents (327 of 691 [47%]) thought that transgender athletes should participate based on their gender identity or personal preference, whereas 240 (35%) favored participation based on sex assigned at birth or in a transgender-only category. Respondents mentioned concern about the fairness of identity-based participation, specifically for cisgender women, but many (410 of 697 [59%]) also reported that it would be affirming for transgender athletes to participate based on gender identity.Conclusions and RelevanceThe youths in our study differed in their opinions regarding sports participation of transgender youths, but many felt that inclusive policies would affirm and support the mental health of transgender individuals. Negative impacts on fairness were noted by some respondents. These findings suggest that nuanced policies are needed to address the participation of transgender athletes in competitive sports and should consider the impacts on and perspectives of youths most affected.
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Jenness, Valerie, i Julie Gerlinger. "The Feminization of Transgender Women in Prisons for Men: How Prison as a Total Institution Shapes Gender". Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 36, nr 2 (10.01.2020): 182–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986219894422.
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In this article, we investigate the degree to which prison shapes transgender women’s perceptions of themselves as gendered people in prisons for men. Drawing on original data collected from 315 transgender women in 27 prisons for men in California, a mixed-methods analysis reveals that transgender women in prisons for men report higher levels of self-perceptions of femininity while incarcerated, especially for those who report sexual victimization by other prisoners. The implications of these and other findings are discussed in light of recent calls for more theory and research on femininities as well as the policies and practices that undergird prisons as one of the most sex-segregated institutions.
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Waqas, Muhammad, Sajid Mehmood i Muhammad Tahir Bashir. "Exploring the Reasons for Non-Participation in Sports: A Case Study of Transgenders in Punjab, Pakistan". Sports Sciences and Physical Education Review 1, nr 1 (15.12.2022): XXXVIII—XLVI. http://dx.doi.org/10.52633/ssper.v1i1.10.
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This study aims to investigate the factors that contribute to the non-participation of transgender individuals in sports. Despite the recognized benefits of sports participation, such as improved physical and mental health, transgender individuals are less likely to participate in sports due to various barriers. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted for this study, and a purposive sample of 118 individuals with a mean age of 22 was selected using snowball sampling. The researchers developed and pilot-tested a questionnaire to collect data on the factors contributing to non-participation in sports among transgender individuals. The study findings revealed that almost all transgender individuals recognized the importance of sports participation in their lives. However, different factors, including societal, governmental, and personal characteristics, significantly contributed to their non-participation in sports. The results of this study suggest the need for legislative and policy interventions to address the societal and governmental factors that hinder transgender individuals' sports participation. Policymakers should prioritize creating safe and inclusive sports environments and implementing policies and programs to support transgender individuals' sports participation which can improve their overall health and wellbeing and promote social inclusion. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to address barriers to sports participation among transgender individuals.