Rozprawy doktorskie: „PLATE BALANCER”

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Ryan, Mary Powers. "A place of balance". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53301.

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To create a place of repose through the balance of architectural and natural elements. Repose- peace or calm; harmony in the disposition of the parts, colors, etc. such as gives rest to the eye or ear. Balance- state of equipose as between weights different elements or opposing forces; equilibrium, steadiness, as in one’s emotional balance.
Master of Architecture

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Hoovler, Craig Alan. "Balance Performance Measurment in a Phase Shifted Feedback Environment". VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/704.

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Commercial technologies for the objective assessment of balance exist in clinical settings. Training requires integration of sensory information to produce a coordinated motor response related to balance. These systems have had measurable phase delays of up to 250ms in the visual feedback provided to the patient. This provokes an unnatural response, requiring prediction from the subject. The proposed research investigates the impact of visual feedback phase delays on the performance of weight shift tracking tasks in a population of individuals with no known balance deficits.Visual feedback delays were investigated by simulating popular balance training software which utilizes force plates to measure center of pressure and display the results in a stimulus and response study. Ten healthy young-adult subjects with no known balance deficits were recruited to participate in this study. Subjects were asked to stand on a pair of force platforms that were linked to a computer. The system was designed to provide visual feedback corresponding to lateral weight shifts. A computer generated target provided a moving stimulus the subjects attempted to match. The stimulus files presented approximately 20 seconds of movement in a periodic (sinusoidal) or non-periodic pattern. Stimulus frequencies ranged between 0.2 and 1.0 Hz with amplitude sufficient to require the subject to move safely within 50% of his/her base of support. Stimulus presentation was randomized and included both normal (control) and phase delayed (experimental) trials. Results of the experiment point to a noticeable improvement of performance with repeated trials. Regardless of introduced phase delays, study participants improved their performances as they were exposed to more trials, suggesting learning and predictive behavior. Random stimuli produced no noticeable improvements in performance across days of testing, as expected. Visual biofeedback systems may skew performance assessments of balance training because they contain periodic stimuli that are predictable.

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Trantanella, Charles Joseph 1967. "A waveguide power balance theorem applied to a parallel plate waveguide with an iris". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278047.

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We study the problem of wave propagation in a parallel plate waveguide with an iris. We use Green's function techniques to model the field behavior inside the waveguide. We formulate an integral equation whose solution will allow us to solve for the fields everywhere within the guide. We solve the integral equation by employing both the method of moments and a low-frequency approximation. We next develop a power balance theorem which relates the modal coefficients of the propagating modes in an exact relation. From the numerical solution, we can generate numerical approximations to the modal coefficients. We investigate if and when our numerical approximations to the modal coefficients satisfy the power balance theorem. Finally, we derive a generalized power balance theorem for scattering by obstacles and junctions inside a waveguide of arbitrary, uniform cross-sectional area.

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Berggren, Alvin, i Kristoffer Pettersson. "Hur valid är mätning av postural kontroll med Wii Balance Board i jämförelse med en Kistler Force Plate? : How valid is it to measure postural control with Wii Balance Board in comparison to a Kistler Force Plate?" Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61309.

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Bakgrund: Det finns funktionella tester med varierande svårighetsgrad för att utvärdera patienters balans i kliniken. Dessa tester kan dock endast visa på balansförmåga i grova drag, exempelvis om man kan ställa sig upp från en stol eller klarar att stå på ett ben utan att falla. För mer exakta metoder går det att använda sig utav en kraftplatta. Det har det tidigare undersökts huruvida en Wii Balance Board kan fungera som ett valitt substitut för en standardiserad kraftplatta då denna är lättare och mindre kostsam. Det har dock aldrig undersökts med ett testprotokoll där proprioceptionen hos deltagaren försökt påverkas. Syfte: Öka kunskapen om validiteten för Wii Balance Board i jämförelse med Kistler Force Plate vad gäller mätning av postural kontroll i stillastående med och utan nackrotation via bål och underkropp. Metod: Experimentell metod med 15 deltagare som genomförde tre olika test i stillastående, dels med nacken i neutralposition och dels roterad 45 grader genom att rotera bål och underkropp. Posturala svajet mättes med Wii Balance Board och kraftplatta samtidigt. Skillnader i resultaten uträknades och analyserades sedan med Bland-Altman plots metod och presenterades i grafer. Resultat: Generellt framkom mycket god samstämmighet mellan utrustningarna, dock påvisades anmärkningsvärt större avvikelser för tre av deltagarna. Diskussion: Tekniska problem som har påverkat experimentet har upptäckts under studiens gång och har tagits med för framtida kunskap. Även att standardisera de tester som genomfördes med mer detaljerade och strikta instruktioner för deltagaren att stå stilla är viktigt för att inte få onödigt posturalt svaj. Konklusion: Validiteten för Wii Balance Board bedömer vi som god då resultatet mellan plattorna stämde överens i hög grad. Det är dock viktigt att ta hänsyn till upptäckta avvikelser som går att undvika vid framtida upprepade försök tack vare kunskapen från denna studie.

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Wijerathna, W. M. Deeptha Bandara. "Place-Based versus Place-Neutral Policies for Promoting Regionally Balanced Economic Growth: A Sri Lankan Case using CGE based Simulations". Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367156.

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Development thinking has evolved over the time, and the role of space in economic growth and regional equity in economic development has become increasingly emphasized. While some reports, such as World Bank (2009), suggest resolution of the spatial problem by redistributing a part of the income generated in urbanized and agglomerated areas, some other reports and authors such as Barca (2012) have highlighted the importance of place-based policies for this purpose. The post 2015 development agenda of the United Nations also highlights the issue of regional equity. According to the literature on the economics of conflict, regional disparities in economic development can be one of the root causes for many conflicts -- while these conflicts can in turn contribute to further widening of those disparities. Sri Lanka is not an exception in this regard. Although regionally balanced economic growth is accepted as contributing to a cure for both problems, thus far rigorous quantitative studies analysing appropriate policy measures for reducing regional disparities whilst maintaining steady economic growth at the national level are lacking. Selection and implementation of an appropriate analytical tool to carry out such an analysis is another gap in the literature.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Jo, Sungho 1974. "Hierarchical neural control of human postural balance and bipedal walking in sagittal plane". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37854.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-192).
The cerebrocerebellar system has been known to be a central part in human motion control and execution. However, engineering descriptions of the system, especially in relation to lower body motion, have been very limited. This thesis proposes an integrated hierarchical neural model of sagittal planar human postural balance and biped walking to 1) investigate an explicit mechanism of the cerebrocerebellar and other related neural systems, 2) explain the principles of human postural balancing and biped walking control in terms of the central nervous systems, and 3) provide a biologically inspired framework for the design of humanoid or other biomorphic robot locomotion. The modeling was designed to confirm neurophysiological plausibility and achieve practical simplicity as well. The combination of scheduled long-loop proprioceptive and force feedback represents the cerebrocerebellar system to implement postural balance strategies despite the presence of signal transmission delays and phase lags. The model demonstrates that the postural control can be substantially linear within regions of the kinematic state-space with switching driven by sensed variables.
(cont.) A improved and simplified version of the cerebrocerebellar system is combined with the spinal pattern generation to account for human nominal walking and various robustness tasks. The synergy organization of the spinal pattern generation simplifies control of joint actuation. The substantial decoupling of the various neural circuits facilitates generation of modulated behaviors. This thesis suggests that kinematic control with no explicit internal model of body dynamics may be sufficient for those lower body motion tasks and play a common role in postural balance and walking. All simulated performances are evaluated with respect to actual observations of kinematics, electromyogram, etc.
by Sungho Jo
Ph.D.

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Angelica, Schoeppner L. "Work-Life Balance Policy Change Proposal for Athens Country Public Libraries". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1541673333378484.

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Fathi, Sina [Verfasser], Jürgen [Gutachter] Stutzki i Andreas [Gutachter] Zilges. "Development of Integrated Superconducting Balanced Mixers for THz Focal Plane Arrays / Sina Fathi ; Gutachter: Jürgen Stutzki, Andreas Zilges". Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189811332/34.

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Davidson, Bradley. "Experimental and simulation-based assessment of the human postural response to sagittal plane perturbations with localized muscle fatigue and aging". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29361.

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Falls from heights (FFH) are one of the leading causes of fatalities in skilled labor divisions such as construction, mining, agriculture/forestry, and manufacturing. Previous research has established that localized muscle fatigue (LMF) increases center of mass (COM)- and center of pressure (COP)-based measures of quiet stance. This is important because these increases have been linked to elevated risk of falls, and workers in the construction industry frequently engage in fatiguing activities while working at heights. In addition, the rate of fatality due to an occupational fall increases exponentially with age. Improved methods of fall prevention may be obtained through increased understanding of factors that have a deleterious effect on balance and postural control such as LMF and aging. An initial study was conducted to investigate the effects of LMF and aging on balance recovery from a postural perturbation without stepping. Sagittal plane postural perturbations were administered to young and older groups of participants before and after exercises to fatigue the lumbar extensors or ankle plantar flexors. Measures of balance recovery were based on the COM and COP trajectories and the maximum perturbation that could be withstood without stepping. Balance recovery measures were consistent with an LMF-induced decrement to recover from perturbations without stepping. Aging was also associated with an impaired ability to recover from the perturbations. The second study in the series investigated the effects of aging and LMF on the neural control of upright stance during small postural perturbations. Small magnitude postural perturbations were administered to young and older groups before and after fatiguing exercises. A single degree of freedom (DOF) model of the human body was developed that accurately simulated the experimentally collected kinematics during recovery from the perturbations. The model was controlled by invariant feedback gains that operated on the time-delayed kinematics. Feedback gains and time-delay were optimized for each participant, and a novel delay margin analysis was performed to assess system robustness toward instability. Results indicated that older individuals had a longer "effective" time-delay and exhibited greater reliance on afferent velocity information. No changes in feedback controller gains, time-delay, or delay margins were found with LMF in either age group. The final study investigated the use of a nonlinear controller to simulate responses to large magnitude postural perturbations. A three DOF model of the human body was developed and controlled with the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE). Parameters of the SDRE were optimized to fit the experimentally recorded kinematics. Unlike other forms of nonlinear control, the SDRE provides meaningful parameters for interpretation in the system identification. The SDRE approach was successful at stabilizing the dynamical system; however, accurate results were not obtained. Reasons for these errors are discussed, and an alternative formulation to the time-delayed optimal control problem using Roesser state space equations is presented.
Ph. D.

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Lucko, Gunnar. "Means and Methods Analysis of a Cast-In-Place Balanced Cantilever Segmental Bridge: The Wilson Creek Bridge Case Study". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35904.

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Different means and methods exist in the construction industry to erect bridge superstructures. In planning and execution of the complex construction operations the effects of the chosen erection method need to be considered to achieve a safe and economical process. Failures of bridges under construction have underlined the importance of this issue.

Hence, constructability issues need to be considered from the very beginning of projects. Structural analysis mathematically models geometry, boundary conditions, and other structural details, material properties, and so-called actions and incorporates factors of safety. Aforementioned actions, i.e. loads or restraints of deformations may act only temporarily during construction, depending on the method and sequence of erection. However, these construction loads can create considerable stresses in the unfinished structure prior to completion when it still lacks additional redundancy against failure. Furthermore, time-dependent material properties such as creep, shrinkage, and relaxation play a major role, especially in segmental construction.

A case study is provided as an example of how constructability issues are dealt with in engineering practice. The Wilson Creek Bridge is a five-span cast-in-place concrete segmental bridge that was erected with Balanced Cantilever Construction. The bridge superstructure incorporated a camber to account for time-dependent deflections in final alignment.

Form travelers were used in an alternating manner about the bridge piers to construct cantilever arms that were finally connected at midspan. These travelers remained in place until the box girder segments had reached sufficient strength to be post-tensioned to their predecessors. Casting cycle duration on this project was one week.
Master of Science

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Blazevic, Denis Ivan, i Magnus Jansson. "Improving the flexibility of DPDK Service Cores". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157631.

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Data Plane Development Kit is a highly used library for creating network applications that can be run on all hardware. Data Plane Development Kit has a component called Service Cores, which allows the main applications to create services that will run independently. These services are manually mapped to specific CPU cores, and are scheduled in a round-robin method. Because of the manual mapping, and the scheduling, the different load for each service can impact the start time for each service. By having services not run when supposed to, the throughput will degrade. In this thesis, we investigate and try to solve the issue by implementing a basic load balancer into the Service Core component. Our results show that an basic load balancer, that will balance upon reaching a CPU upper threshold, will increase the throughput of services while decreasing the delay between each service run.

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Castellon, Léa. "La place de la victime dans le procès pénal". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0097.

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La place de la victime au sein du procès pénal est complexe et ambiguë. En droit positif, la victime bénéficie désormais de droits et de moyens d'action dans le procès pénal qui lui garantissent un véritable rôle. Par exemple, comme le ministère public, la victime peut déclencher l'action publique et demander la réparation du préjudice subi. La victime n'est plus la grande oubliée du procès pénal, elle est devenue une partie à part entière. Toutefois, en dépit d'un renforcement manifeste du rôle de la victime dans le procès pénal, un déséquilibre des droits et des moyens d'action persiste entre les parties dans chaque étape de la procédure pénale. Une amélioration de la procédure pénale est donc toujours nécessaire pour sauvegarder les droits de la victime et empêcher celle-ci d’être injustement mise à l’écart
The place of the victim in the criminal trial is complicated and ambiguous. In current law, the victim enjoys rights and means of action in the criminal trial which guarantee her a real part. For example, as the prosecution, the victim can activate the public action and she can ask for the repair of her damage. The victim is not any more the forgotten of the criminal trial, she became a full part. However, in spite of an obvious strengthening of the part of the victim in the criminal trial, an imbalance of the rights and the means of action persists between the parts in every stage of the criminal procedure. The improvement of the procedural balance between the parts in the criminal trial has to continue not to put aside the victim

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Miranda, Vania Cristina dos Reis [UNESP]. "Desenvolvimento de uma plataforma instável com molas para avaliação do controle postural". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143818.

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Submitted by VANIA CRISTINA DOS REIS MIRANDA null (vcrmiranda@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-05T15:39:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Vania C R Miranda final.pdf: 2140103 bytes, checksum: 48748fd5e35442843be98efc330ce9ac (MD5)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A avaliação do controle postural é importante para o diagnóstico e monitoramento dos distúrbios de equilíbrio observados em várias situações e grupos populacionais, como os idosos, pelas consequentes quedas, que causam grande impacto na vida social desta população. Embora existam inúmeras ferramentas qualitativas e quantitativas para esta avaliação, é possível observar algumas limitações como a subjetividade de alguns testes, a complexidade dos equipamentos e divergência no uso de alguns instrumentos, tais como a espuma. Dentro deste contexto, os objetivos deste estudo foram desenvolver uma plataforma de força com molas para a avaliação do controle postural e verificar se as molas propostas são capazes de gerar instabilidade suficiente para esta avaliação em dois grupos, de adultos jovens e idosos, ambos saudáveis, a partir dos parâmetros do centro de pressão, e também verificar se o Kinect da Microsoft® é capaz de captar as oscilações do centro de massa de jovens adultos sobre a plataforma instável. Essa plataforma de força instável com molas foi elaborada para avaliar os parâmetros relacionados ao centro de pressão (CoP) e posteriormente 12 adultos jovens e 12 idosos saudáveis foram avaliados sob as condições com olhos abertos (OA) e olhos fechados (OF) sobre plataforma de força estável e instável. Uma outra plataforma com molas foi construída no Laboratório GSCOP (INP Grenoble – França) com o intuito de avaliar o controle postural de 20 adultos jovens saudáveis, associado aos dados provenientes do Kinect. Foi observado que no grupo de adultos jovens houve uma maior oscilação média na direção antero-posterior (AP) do CoP na plataforma instável, principalmente com olhos abertos, assim como um aumento na área de oscilação total do CoP. Para os idosos esse aumento ocorreu nos parâmetros de oscilação média na direção AP e médio lateral (ML) nas condições de olhos abertos e fechados, e a área de oscilação também aumentou na condição com olhos fechados. Os resultados com o Kinect ressaltaram um aumento significativo somente da oscilação AP do centro de massa (CM) sobre a plataforma instável com olhos fechados. A plataforma com molas foi capaz de gerar instabilidade suficiente para avaliar o controle postural e pode ser útil para identificar risco de quedas. O Kinect foi capaz de detectar maior oscilação do CM em situações mais desafiadoras. Porém são necessários mais estudos para investigar o efeito de mola no controle postural.
The assessment of postural control is important for the diagnosis and monitoring of balance disorders observed in several situations and population groups such as the elderly, by the consequent falls which cause great impact on the social life of this population. Although there are numerous qualitative and quantitative tools for this evaluation, it is possible to observe some limitations as the subjectivity of some tests, the complexity of the equipment and divergence in the use of some instruments, such as the foam. Within this context, the objectives of this study were to develop a force platform with springs for assessment of postural control and verify if the proposed springs are able to generate sufficient instability for this evaluation in two groups, young adults and older, both healthy, from the center of pressure parameters, and also to check if the Microsoft Kinect is able to capture the center of mass movements of young adults on the unstable platform. This unstable force plate with springs was developed to evaluate the parameters of center of pressure (CoP) and 12 healthy young adults and 12 healthy elderly were evaluated under the conditions with opened eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE) on stable and unstable force platform. Another platform with springs was built in Laboratory GSCOP (INP Grenoble - France) to assess postural control of 20 younger adults, with data center of mass from the Kinect. It was observed that in young adults group had a average oscilation of anteroposterior (AP) displacement significant increase on the platform unstable, especially with opened eyes and an increase in the oscillation area. For elderly this significant increase occurred in the parameters oscillation’s CoP AP and medial-lateral (ML) CoP displacement in the conditions of opened and closed eyes, the oscillation’s area also increased with closed eyes. The results with Kinect highlighted a significant increase only oscillation’s AP of the center of mass (CM) over unstable force platform with closed eyes. The platform with springs was able to generate enough instability to assess postural control and can be useful for identifying falls risk. Kinect was able to detect greater CM sway in more challenging situations. But more studies are required to investigate the spring effect on postural control.

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Banfo, Marine. "The place of Latin America in the strategy of improving the French trade balance: the specific case of Chile". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165499.

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Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, French economy as been affected by a constant and deeper trade deficit. After the financial crisis of 2009, the economy still experiences difficulties to bounce back in the context of a weakened Europe. On its side, in the early 2000s, the Latin American countries were about to go through a bright economic period. In deed, the region benefited from a rapid economic growth this last decade, with strong economies and reasonable political stability. The region is also counting with new strong economic partners like China and other Pacific Asian countries. In this work the main objective is to evaluate the trade relations between France and Latin America. I will explore the context in which those relations have been developed and their actual intensity. Then I will study the French external trade situation and the new plan the French Ministry of Trade implemented since 2012. Finally, I will develop the case of Chile and its relations with France, identifying the opportunities for both sides. Unfortunately, this specific subject is not documented by a large amount of printed literature. Thereby, this work is mainly based on statistical information published by international or regional organizations, and on transformed data collected from government or international institutions databases.

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Nassar, Ibrahim Turki. "Small Antennas Design for 2.4 GHz Applications". Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3619.

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In many wireless devices, antennas occupy the majority of the overall size. As compact device sizes become a greater focus in industry, the demand for small antennas escalates. In this thesis, detailed investigations on the design of a planar meandered line antenna with truncated ground plane and 3D dipole antenna at 2.4 GHz (ISM band) are presented. The primary goal of this research is to develop small, low coast, and low profile antennas for wireless sensor applications. The planar meandered line antenna was designed based on a study of different miniaturization techniques and a study of the ground plane effect. The study of the ground plane effect proved that it has a pivotal role on balancing the antenna current. The study of the miniaturization process proved that it affects directly the gain, bandwidth, and efficiency. The antenna efficiency and gain were improved using the truncated ground plane. This antenna has a measured gain of -0.86 dBi and measured efficiency of 49.7%, making it one of the efficient and high gain small antennas. The 3D dipole antenna was designed using a novel method for efficiently exploiting the available volume. This method consists of fabricating the dipole on a cube configuration with opening up the internal volume for other uses. This antenna was tested, and it was found that this antenna has good radiation characteristics according to its occupied volume. Ka of this antenna is 0.55, its measured gain is 1.69 dBi with 64.2% measured efficiency. Therefore, this design is very promising in low-power sensing applications. A Wheeler Cap was designed for measuring the efficiency and the 3-antenna method was used for measuring the designed antennas gain.

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Browne, Deborah. "Moss: a Closer Look at This Humble Plant and Its Place Within the Historical Context of Landscape Painting, Considering Its Ecological Significance With Reflections on Nature and Balance". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/753.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Liberal Studies

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Mohammed, Gihan. "Modélisation biogéochimique du système ”Irrigation-sol-plante-nappe” : Application à la durabilité du système de culture du foin de Crau". Thesis, Avignon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AVIG0691.

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Une nouvelle méthodologie fondée sur l’interfaçage de la géochimie et de la biologie a été utilisée pour étudier la durabilité d’un système d’agriculture irriguée face aux changements globaux (climat et urbanisation). L’étude de sa durabilité nécessite une vision dynamique spatio-temporelle de l’évolution d’un agrosystème irrigué, ici le système « irrigation – prairie (plante) – sol – nappe ». Pour cela, deux démarches sont utilisées : l’étude de terrain et la modélisation. L’étude de terrain comprend des suivis temporels et spatiaux de la qualité des eaux de surface, de la nappe phréatique et de la qualité du foin des prairies. La modélisation consiste en un modèle biogéochimique prenant en compte l’ensemble des compartiments réactionnels du système. Le fil directeur est constitué par les mécanismes d’acquisition de la composition chimique de l’eau lors de son transfert dans le sol depuis eau d’irrigation jusqu’à l’eau de nappe. Ces mécanismes sont étudiés du double point de vue de leurs bilans géochimiques et des réactions sol / solution. L’acquisition de données porte ainsi sur : (1) la composition chimique des eaux d’irrigation et des eaux souterraines de la nappe ; (2) la minéralogie des sols ; (3) la nature des engrais apporté ; (4) la quantité des éléments chimiques prélevés et exportés par les plantes. Le modèle biogéochimique consiste à interfacer le modèle de culture STICS et le modèle de géochimie PHREEQC. Ce modèle est capable de rendre compte de l’évolution des eaux lors de leur parcours dans le sol et de mettre en évidence les processus majeurs qui déterminent la qualité de l’eau ; en sortie, il permet d’établir des indicateurs géochimiques pertinents pour la gestion du système. Cette méthode est appliquée aux prairies irriguées en la Crau, au Sud de France. Le système d’irrigation gravitaire par les eaux de la Durance depuis le 16e siècle sur la Crau a construit un système agricole durable en amenant des alluvions sur les terres irriguées, sur lequel poussent les prairies (le foin de Crau (AOP)). De plus cette irrigation participe à plus de 70% au renouvellement des eaux de la nappe phréatique. L’analyse des données sur une longue durée (1960-2013), l’acquisition de données récentes et la modélisation montrent l’originalité et la durabilité de cet agrosystème irrigué et sa résilience face à une augmentation de température de 2°C, tant en ce qui concerne les rendements que la qualité du foin. Cependant dans la perspective des changements globaux, les prévisions tablent sur une disponibilité en eau pour l’irrigation en diminution, de plus des changements d’occupation du sol (10% de la surface totale), avec une réduction des prairies irriguées. Ceci risque de remettre en cause la durabilité de l’agrosystème irrigué et partant l’approvisionnement en eau à partir de la nappe de toute l’économie locale (300 000 habitants, les industries lourdes du site de Fos-sur-Mer)
A new methodology based on geochemistry and biology interfacing to study the sustainability of an irrigated agriculture system in the face of global changes (climate and urban sprawl). It requires construction of a spatio-temporal view of the ”irrigation - meadow (plant) - soil - groundwater” system evolution. Thereby two approaches are used : the field study and the modeling. The field study includes temporal and spatial survey of waters quality, plant quality and used fertilizers. The modeling consists of a biogeochemical model taking into account all the factors reaction of the system. The main theme is the mechanisms of acquiring the chemical composition of water during its transfer the soil horizon from irrigation water to groundwater. These mechanisms are studied from the double point of view of their geochemical balances and soil / solution reactions. The data acquisition thus relates to : (1) the chemical composition of irrigation water and groundwater ; (2) the soil mineralogy ; (3) the nature of the provided fertilizer ; (4) quantity of chemical elements uptaken by plants. The biogeochemical model consists in interfacing the crop model (STICS) and the geochemical model (PHREEQC). This model is able to perform the chemical evolution of waters during their pathway in the soil and to highlight the major processes that determine the water quality ; in output, it makes it possible to establish geochemical indicators relevant to the system management. The Crau is chosen as a demo area, South France, its grassland production is based on surface irrigation via channels withdrawn from the Durance River. Irrigation water is rich in minerals and trace elements thanks to alluvium brought, on which produce high quality hay that is regulated under appellation control since 1997. Additionally, this irrigation recharge the aquifer by 70% But it is threatened by global changes, which ultimately risks to compromising the sustainability of the irrigated grassland system. Data analysis over a long term (1960-2013), the acquisition of recent data and modeling show the originality and durability of this irrigated agrosystem and Its resilience to an increase in temperature by about 2°C, both in terms of yields and hay quality. However, according to future scenarios, declining of irrigation water is forecasted, and changes in land use by 10% of the total area, with a reduction in irrigated grassland areas. This may jeopardize the sustainability of the the irrigated agrosystem and thus the water supply for local use (300 000 inhabitants, the heavy industries of the Fos-sur-Mer site)

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NORMAND, BEATRICE. "Etude experimentale et modelisation du devenir de l'azote dans le systeme sol-plante-atmosphere". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10196.

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Cette these concerne les resultats d'une experimentation intensive et pluridisciplinaire, mise en place en 1991 a la cote st andre (isere) sur une parcelle de 2 ha, afin de caracteriser la reponse d'une culture de mais a l'irrigation et a la fertilisation en situation de techniques culturales traditionnelles. Le but est de proposer des modifications permettant de limiter les pertes en eau et en nitrates, tout en maintenant un niveau de rendement economique. Elle comporte deux volets: experimentation et modelisation. La mise en uvre d'une metrologie non destructive (humidimetrie neutronique, tensiometrie et bougies poreuses d'extraction de solution du sol) a permis un suivi pluriannuel (1991-1994) des bilans hydriques et azotes sous differents traitements agronomiques. Les principaux resultats sont: i) les risques importants d'entrainement des matieres solubles ne se manifestent que lors d'episodes pluvieux en debut ou en fin de cycle cultural, ii) la dose optimale d'engrais se situe autour de 180 kgn/ha ; elle permet d'eliminer pratiquement les risques de pollution pendant la saison culturale et d'atteindre le seuil de rendement maximal (13 mg/ha), enfin, iii) grace au tracage isotopique de l'azote, on peut obtenir une bonne evaluation du bilan de l'engrais entre le semi et la recolte. Les donnees acquises ont permis d'evaluer les capacites de reproduction et de prediction du modele mecaniste monodimensionnel, wave. La difficulte de caracteriser in situ l'ensemble des parametres, nous a conduit a elaborer une procedure de type systemique de decouplage des processus elementaires, basee sur l'utilisation de donnees issues de plusieurs sites de mesure: mais ou sol nu, avec ou sans apport d'engrais. Le calage progressif du modele a ete realise avec succes sur les donnees de la saison 1992, permettant de simuler correctement la situation la plus complexe: mais fertilise. Dans l'ensemble les parametres ainsi obtenus permettent de predire assez bien les resultats des autres annees

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Alonso, Marie. "Balance entre reproduction sexuée et asexuée chez le fraisier : vers la construction d’un réseau de gènes contrôlant le devenir du méristème axillaire". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0158.

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Le fraisier est capable de se reproduire de manière sexuée, via la floraison, et de manière asexuée, via la production de stolons. Ces deux modes de reproduction sont en compétition au niveau du méristème axillaire (MAx), qui peut devenir soit une branche latérale pouvant se terminer par une inflorescence, soit un stolon ou soit rester dormant. Ainsi, jouer sur le devenir du MAx modifie l’architecture de la plante et favorise le rendement soit en fruits soit en plants filles. L’objectif de la thèse est d’identifier et de caractériser des acteurs influençant le devenir d’un MAx en branche latérale ou en stolon en utilisant comme modèle le fraisier diploïde. Il se décline en trois points :(1) L’observation morphologique et histologique des évènements précoces du développement du MAx a permis de définir pour la première fois chez le fraisier une échelle de développement du MAx en stolon ou en branche latérale. Cette étude met en évidence un stade indifférencié, morphologiquement identique entre les deux devenirs possibles.(2) L’étude du transcriptome de bourgeons axillaires indifférenciés a permis d’identifier 283 gènes différentiellement exprimés (DEG) entre ceux qui vont devenir un stolon et ceux qui vont devenir une branche latérale. Parmi les DEG, certains gènes comme FveTCP9, homologue de AtBRC1, ainsi que des gènes impliqués dans la voie des phytohormones et de la floraison ont été identifiés et sélectionnés pour d’autres analyses afin d’approfondir leur rôle dans le devenir du MAx. Afin d’initier un réseau de gènes, une seconde analyse transcriptomique a pris en compte le développement spatio-temporel du bourgeon axillaire en branche latérale ou en stolon. Les effets de la position du bourgeon axillaire au niveau du nœud de l’axe primaire et du stade de développement de la plantule sur le transcriptome ont été mis en évidence.(3) Des analyses d’expression par qPCR sur des fonds génétiques différents et/ou hybridation in situ ont permis de confirmer l’implication des DEG sélectionnés dans le contrôle du devenir du MAx. Parmi ces gènes, les mutations obtenues par CRISPR-Cas9 sur FveTVP9 ont permis de valider son rôle dans le déterminisme du MAx grâce la production de branches latérales aux dépens des stolons.Cette thèse a permis d’initier un réseau de régulation contrôlant le devenir du MAx et également, de mettre en évidence des gènes clés qui pourront être étudiés chez le fraisier cultivé octoploïde à des fins agronomiques
Strawberry is able to reproduce both sexually, via flowering, and asexually, via the production of stolons. The AxM governs these two modes of reproduction since AxM can become a lateral branch terminated by an inflorescence, or a stolon, or remain dormant. Thus, the AxM fate shapes the plant architecture and promotes the fruit yield or daughter plant production. The objective of this thesis is to identify and characterise molecular actors that affect the AxM fate by using the diploid strawberry model. The manuscript is divided into three points:(1) Morphological and histological observation of the early events of the AxM development has allowed to define for the first time in strawberry a scale of the AxM development into a stolon or a lateral branch. This study highlights an undifferentiated stage that is morphologically identical for both types of AxM.(2) A transcriptome study of undifferentiated axillary buds identified 283 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between those becoming a stolon and becoming a lateral branch. Among the DEGs, we identified FveTCP9, homologous to AtBRC1, and genes involved in the phytohormone and flowering pathways. These genes were chosen for further analysis to investigate their role in the AxM fate.In order to initiate a gene network, a second transcriptomic analysis included the spatio-temporal development of the axillary bud into a lateral branch or a stolon. Results highlighted the effects of the axillary bud position at the node of the primary crown and the developmental stage of the seedling on the transcriptome.(3) The study of the chosen DEGs by using different approaches, qPCR in different genetic backgrounds and/or in situ hybridization, confirmed their role in controlling the AxM fate. Among these genes, the CRISPR-Cas9 mutation of FveTCP9 validates its role in the AXM fate and shows that lateral branches were produced at the expense of stolons.This thesis initiated a regulatory network controlling the fate of MAx and also identified key genes that could be studied in octoploid strawberry for future agronomic applications

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Saunders, Nathan William. "Efficacy of a 6-week Neuromuscular Training Program for Improving Postural Control in Figure Skaters". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305044478.

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Ameline, Maël. "Diagnostic hydrique et estimation de la production de la culture de maïs : vers la mise en place d'un service tout temps". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30314.

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La thèse répond aux objectifs d'évaluer le potentiel d'estimation de la production de parcelles de maïs, ainsi que de leurs besoins hydriques. Les travaux, validés dans le Sud-Ouest de la France, reposent sur le couplage du modèle agro-météorologique à de l'imagerie satellitaire pour étendre le suivi à une échelle régionale. Le but est de s'affranchir des contraintes nuageuses imposées sur les acquisitions optiques, grâce à l'utilisation du radar Sentinel-1. L'estimation de la production comprend la biomasse sèche (épi, plante) ainsi que le rendement à l'échelle parcellaire. Au-delà des améliorations du modèle, l'assimilation combinée de l'optique et du radar donne de bons résultats et améliore les simulations basées sur l'optique en comblant l'absence de données en début de saison (forte nébulosité). Les résultats de l'estimation du contenu en eau sont plus contrastés. Le détail des erreurs révèle notamment des défauts liés aux propriétés du sol ou aux déclarations des agriculteurs
The study explores the feasibility to estimate the corn field production and its water needs during the irrigation period. The work, validated in the South-West of France, is based on an agro-meteorological model coupled with satellite imagery to extend monitoring to regional scale. The recent availability of Sentinel-1 radar mission allows monitoring without atmospheric constraints (e.g. clouds) as opposed to optical acquisitions. The estimation of production is linked with dry biomass (ear, plant) and yield data at the field scale. Beyond new improvements, the combination of optical and radar provides accurate results and even improves the estimations based on optical by filling the gaps caused by cloud cover at the beginning of the season. The water needs simulation are more contrasted as a result of the accuracy of the input data. Moreover, some features (e.g. soil properties) can be seen within soil moisture measurements, even though they cannot be modeled

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Repka, Robert. "“It’s my city and I’m not going to move away!” : Shaping a sense of being-at-home-in-the-world and seeking balance between acting and being acted upon in developing Bratislava". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385332.

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Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia, is undergoing a significant change of its built environment due to a massive process of development since the mid-2000s. This series of construction, destruction, transformation and modernising processes has radically transformed a central industrial locality of the city into a wholly new business-administrative district. My ethnography is dedicated to unravelling the development's impact on people's living conditions, experiences, and everyday making-sense practices and actions. I am drawing on Michael Jackson, who claims that humans desire to act in the social world which is acting upon them in order to shape a sense being-at-home-in-the-world. Hence, the central focus of this ethnography is to find out how my informants make sense of the city’s transformation, shape their sense of at-home-ness and how they seek a balance between acting and being acted upon in changing social world. In order to do so, I analysed data gathered from more than twenty semi-structured qualitative interviews and two walk-alongs. Based on that, I claim that informants share a common condition of uncertainty which is experienced as insecurity or hope. In order to shape a sense of home-ness, certainty, belonging and recognition, they create and employ two specific practices. They either retreat to the notion of the city of past and detach themselves from the new developing Bratislava, or they reach to the city of future and feel belonging with the development narratives of future utopias. Hence, I conclude that the sense and experience of home are not being lost but rather dislocated and disintegrated within collective engagements with the transforming city and at the same time in the process of re-shaping in new temporalities and spatialities.

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Bagheri, Shervin. "Analysis and control of transitional shear flows using global modes". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11894.

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Legeay, Étienne. "Géodynamique du bassin de Sivas (Turquie) : de la fermeture d’un domaine océanique à la mise en place d’un avant-pays salifère". Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3019/document.

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L’Anatolie fait partie d’un vaste domaine orogénique qui s’étend des Alpes à l’Himalaya. Les sutures ophiolitiques rencontrées marquent les cicatrices de plusieurs domaines océaniques (branches de la Néotéthys Nord), interdigités entre plusieurs blocs crustaux au cours du Mésozoïque. La fermeture de ces domaines au Crétacé supérieur est accompagnée de la mise en place de bassins tertiaires syn-orogéniques dont fait partie le Bassin de Sivas, limité au nord par le bloc du Kırşehir et au Sud par les Taurides. Une étude structurale de terrain, complétée d’analyses géochimiques, biostratigraphiques et thermochronologiques ainsi que l’étude de 700 km de lignes sismiques 2D inédites, a été menée pour tenter de comprendre (i) le contexte géodynamique régional et (ii) l’architecture tectono-sédimentaire de ce bassin.L’étude des ophiolites présentes le long de la bordure sud du Bassin de Sivas met en évidence des péridotites intensément serpentinisées. La partie supérieure de l’ophiolite présente des brèches et ophicalcites caractéristiques de l’exhumation mantellique, alors que l’analyse géochimique des corps magmatiques révèle un environnement de supra-subduction, daté à circa 90 Ma (U-Pb sur zircon). Ces analyses démontrent la présence d’un domaine océanique embryonnaire entre le Kırşehir et les Taurides, dont la fermeture s’initie le long d’ancienne failles de détachement. L’obduction de la nappe de péridotite et de son mélange frontal sur la marge Nord des Taurides entre le Turonien et le Maastrichtien, permet de former le « socle ophiolitique » commun aux bassins est-anatoliens. L’analyse détaillée de la partie centrale du bassin, en carte et à l’aide de lignes sismiques 2D inédites et de thermochronologie basse température [AFTA et (U-Th)/sur apatite], a permis de proposer un modèle d’évolution cinématique sur la base de coupes équilibrées. La propagation de la déformation vers le Nord, initiée dès l’Eocène inférieur, permet l’isolation progressive du bassin et une forte accumulation d’évaporites à l’Eocène supérieur. Les dépôts de l’Oligo-miocène sont ensuite contrôlés par l’halocinèse, permettant la mise en place de deux générations de mini-bassins salifère, séparés d’une canopée. Les géométries dans le domaine halocinétique, et les variations latérales dans le bassin, montrent le contrôle exercé par (i) le bassin pré-évaporite affleurant le long de la moitié sud du bassin et (ii) l’épaisseur du niveau de sel initial.L’intégration de ces observations à l’échelle régionale met en évidence un contrôle du raccourcissement crustal, dans les Taurides et les bassins tertiaires, lié à la fermeture de la Néotéthys Sud, en générant l’émergence de structures de socles. La collision enregistrée à l’Oligocène supérieur - Miocène lors de l’indentation de la plaque Arabe le long des Taurides est contemporaine de la déformation du Bassin de Sivas et des bassins adjacents
Anatolia is part of a vast orogenic domain that extends from the Alps to the Himalayas. Numerous ophiolitic sutures defined the remnants of several oceanic domains (Northern and southern Neotethys), between continental fragments formed during Mesozoic time. Oceanic closure during Late Cretaceous is recorded by the establishment of syn-orogenic tertiary basins, including the Sivas Basin bounded to the north by the Kırşehir block and to the south by the Taurides. An extended study based on field and completed by geochemistry, biostratigraphy and thermochronology analyzes and more than 700 km unpublished seismic data, was conducted to resolve (i) the regional geodynamic context and (ii) the tectono-sedimentary architecture of this basin.The ophiolites located along the southern edge of the Sivas Basin are made of serpentinized peridotites. The upper part of the ophiolite present breccias and ophicalcites commonly described as associated to mantle exhumation environment, while the geochemical analysis of the magmatic bodies reveals a supra-subduction environment dated at circa 90 Ma (U-Pb on zircon). These observations are in agreement with an embryonic ocean domain located between the Kırşehir and the Taurides, the closure which was initiated along fossil detachment faults. The obduction of the peridotite nappe and its frontal mélange on the northern margin of the Taurides between the Turonian and the Maastrichtian allows forming the “ophiolitic basement” of the east-anatolian basins.A detailed map and cross-section analysis, supported by 2D seismic lines and low-temperature thermochronology [AFTA and (U-Th) / on apatite], resulted in a kinematic evolution model and the realization of balanced cross-sections. The propagation of the deformation towards the north, initiated in the Lower Eocene, results in the progressive isolation of the basin and a strong accumulation of evaporites during the Upper Eocene. The Oligo-Miocene depocenters were controlled by halokinesis, forming two generations of mini-basins, separated by a salt canopy. The geometries in the halokinetic domain and the lateral variations in the basin show the control exerted by (i) the pre-evaporite basin outcropping along the southern half of the basin and (ii) the thickness of the initial salt level.Integration at the regional scale within the Taurides highlights the propagation of crustal shortening related to the Southern Neotethys closure, which formed linear tectonic basement exhumation. The collision recorded in the Upper Oligocene - Miocene during the indentation of the Arabic plate along the Taurides is contemporaneous to the deformation the Sivas Basin

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Goto, Shiho. "The Effect of Ptellofemoral Pain Syndrome on the Hip and Knee Neuromuscular Control on Dynamic Postural Control Task". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1254078175.

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Hezard, Pauline. "Modélisation de la croissance des plantes supérieures pour les systèmes de support-vie : conception d'un modèle global et simulation des transferts de masse et d'énergie à l'échelle de la plante". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22250/document.

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Les missions spatiales habitées de longue durée nécessitent des systèmes de support-vie efficaces recyclant l’air, l’eau et la nourriture avec un apport extérieur minimum en matière et énergie. L’air et l’eau peuvent être recyclés par des méthodes purement physico-chimiques, tandis que la production de nourriture ne peut être faite sans la présence d’organismes vivants. Le projet Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA, alternative de système de support-vie micro-écologique) de l’Agence Spatiale Européenne inclut des plantes supérieures cultivées dans une chambre close contrôlée, associée à d’autres compartiments microbiens. Le contrôle à long terme de la chambre de culture et du système de support-vie entier requiert des modèles prédictifs efficaces. Le bouclage du bilan massique et la prédiction de la réponse de la plante dans un environnement extraterrestre inhabituel mettent en avant l’importance de modèles mécanistes basés sur le principe des bilans de matière et d’énergie.Une étude bibliographique poussée a été réalisée afin de lister et analyser les modèles de croissance de plantes supérieures existants. De nombreux modèles existent, ils simulent la plupart des processus de la plante. Cependant aucun des modèles structurés globaux n’est suffisamment mécaniste ni équilibré en terme d’échange de masse pour une application dans un système de support-vie clos. Ainsi, une nouvelle structure est proposée afin de simuler tous les termes du bilan massique au niveau de la plante, en incluant les différentes échelles de l’étude : les processus généraux, l’échelle de l’organe et l’échelle de la molécule. Les résultats d’une première approche utilisant des lois physiques mécanistes simples pour les échanges de matière et d’énergie, une stoechiométrie unique pour la production de biomasse et quelques lois empiriques pour la prédiction des paramètres architecturaux sont illustrés et comparés avec des résultats expérimentaux obtenus dans un environnement contrôlé. Une analyse mathématique du modèle est réalisée et tous ces résultats sont discutés afin de proposer les prochaines étapes de développement. Ceci est décrit en détail pour l’inclusion de modèles de processus plus complexes dans les futures versions du modèle ; les expériences qui devraient être réalisées ainsi que les mesures nécessaires sont proposées. Ceci conduit à la description d’une nouvelle conception de chambre de culture expérimentale
For long-term manned space missions, it is necessary to develop efficient life support systems recycling air, water and food with a minimum supply of matter and energy. Air and water can be recycled from purely physico-chemical systems; however food requires se presence of living organisms. The Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) project of the European Space Agency includes higher plants grown in a closed and controlled chamber associated with other microbial compartments. The long-term control of the growth chamber and entire life support system requires efficient predictive models. The mass balance closure and the prediction in uncommon extraterrestrial environments highlight the importance of mechanistic models based on the mass and energy balances principles.An extensive bibliographic study has been performed in order to list and analyse the existing models of higher plant growth. Many models already exist, simulating most of the plant processes. However none of the global, structured models is sufficiently mechanistic and balanced in terms of matter exchange for an application in closed life support systems. Then a new structure is proposed in order to simulate all the terms of the mass balance at the plant level, including the different scales of study: general processes, organ scale and molecular scale. The results of the first approach using simple mechanistic physical laws for mass and energy exchange, a unique stoichiometry for biomass production and few empirical laws for the prediction of architectural parameters are illustrated and compared with experimental results obtained in a controlled environment. A mathematical analysis of the model is performed and all these results are discussed in order to propose further developments. This is described in detail for the implementation of more complex models of processes in the future model versions; the experiments that should be performed including the main measurements are proposed. This leads to the description of a new design of experimental growth chamber

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Moreaux, Virginie. "Observation et modélisation des échanges d’énergie et de masse de jeunes peuplements forestiers du Sud-Ouest de la France". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14506/document.

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Ce travail de thèse a porté sur la prise en compte de la phase juvénile des peuplements forestiers du Sud-Ouest de la France dans la caractérisation des échanges sol-végétation-atmosphère. L’étude s’est focalisée sur des structures de peuplements contrastées de jeunes peuplements de Pins maritimes et d’Eucalyptus. La première partie de ces recherches a consisté à étudier de façon expérimentale les échanges de masse et d’énergie de jeunes plantations d’Eucalyptus et de Pins maritimes du Sud-Ouest. Trois sites instrumentés pour la détermination en continu des échanges de CO2 et H2O, bilan d’énergie, flux de sève et de croissance et production des arbres ont été suivis durant deux années marquées par des épisodes répétés de sécheresse. Le comportement des essences présentes a été comparé ainsi que les effets de l’environnement et des pratiques culturales sur le fonctionnement de ces écosystèmes. Les bilans annuels d’eau, de carbone et la croissance et la production des trois peuplements ont été établis et comparés. A partir de ces mesures enrichies par des données déjà disponibles et en se basant sur le modèle de production forestière et de transfert sol-végétation-atmosphère GRAECO (INRA-EPHYSE), modèle mécaniste biophysique monodimensionnel, la deuxième partie a consisté à développer une nouvelle évolution de ce modèle pour l’adapter au cas des systèmes de culture de biomasse forestière à croissance rapide. L’approche proposée en couplant ce modèle avec le modèle MAESTRA (Medlyn 2004) a permis de dépasser les hypothèses d’homogénéités verticale et horizontale du couvert pour rendre compte de l’effet de la structure en trois dimensions de peuplements jeunes à couronnes disjointes et sous-étage développé sur les transferts radiatifs, de CO2 et vapeur d’eau. De plus, le modèle a été complété par trois nouveaux modules décrivant respectivement la dynamique du carbone du sol (Roth-C) et la croissance et fonctionnement du sous-étage et du taillis. Il a été évalué sur les données existantes couvrant différents sites et séries temporelles et incluant une série d’interventions de type labour, désouchage, disquage superficiel, semis, dépressages, éclaircies et recépées. Enfin, ce modèle a été implémenté sur un jeu de données décrivant le climat local sous le forçage du scénario climatique A2 régionalisé sur un point de la grille SAFRAN de Météo-France pour trois itinéraires sylvicoles de Pin maritime et Eucalyptus, afin d’évaluer, à titre exploratoire, les potentialités de productivité de ces itinéraires
In this thesis, the juvenile phase of forest stands of southwestern France was studied in order to characterise soil-vegetation-atmosphere exchanges. The study focused on contrasted structures of young pines and Eucalyptus stands. The first part of this research was to study experimentally the mass and energy exchanges of young plantations of pines and Eucalyptus growing in southwestern France. Continuous measurements of CO2 and H2O fluxes, energy balance, sapflow and tree growth and production were carried out for two years, a period marked by repeated episodes of drought. The behavior of these species was compared, as well as the effects of the environment and cultural practices on these ecosystems. The annual water and carbon balances, growth and production of the three stands were established and compared. These measurements were enriched by data already available and were based on the 1D-mechanistic model of forest production and soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer GRAECO (INRA-EPHYSE). The second part of the thesis focused on developing a new version of the model to be applied to crop systems for fast-growing forest biomass. By coupling this evolution of the model with the 3D-model MAESTRA (Medlyn 2004), the assumptions of vertical and horizontal homogeneities in the canopy can be exceeded thus accounting for the effect of the three-dimensional structure on the radiative, CO2 and water vapor transfers in young stands, where crowns are separate and the understorey is well-developed. In addition, the model was supplemented by three new modules describing the dynamics of soil carbon (Roth-C) and the growth and functioning of the understory and coppice. It was evaluated on existing data covering different sites and time series and including a series of forest practices, such as plowing, stump removal, superficial disking, seeding, early thinning, thinnings and cutting down close to the ground. Finally, as an exploratory work, this model has been implemented on a data set describing the local climate forced by the A2 climate scenario which was regionalized on a SAFRAN grid point (‘Météo-France’) for three forest itineraries of maritime pine and Eucalyptus, in order to assess the potential productivity of these systems

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28

Juncker, Bertrand. "Le chêne (quercus robur l. ) in vitro : propagation, mode de croissance". Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10014.

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Des protocoles couvrant l'ensemble des étapes de la micropropagation depuis le conditionnement des pieds-mères, et l'introduction in vitro des explants primaires jusqu'à l'enracinement et le sevrage des plantules, ont été mis au point, en attachant une attention toute particulière à l'obtention d'un clonage efficace à long terme à partir de matériel juvénile et adulte. A cette occasion, des variations du mode de croissance des pousses développées in vitro correspondant à une disparition progressive de la croissance rythmique endogène caractéristique de l'espèce, ont été observées. L'étude des conditions permettant leur apparition a montré le rôle primordial de la BA, en présence de BA, l'importance de l'alimentation azotée en tant que facteur de contrôle du modèle de croissance. La réalisation de bilans azotes (n total, n insoluble, n soluble, n minéral, acides aminés et amides libres) au sein des vitroplants, a permis d'associer l'apparition des différents modes de croissance décrits à une accumulation d' n soluble (no#3#, nh#4#+, asparagine, arginine, proline) dans les tiges feuillées, indépendamment des effets induits par l'introduction in vitro elle-même. Ces dosages ont également montré l'importance du cal basal qui assure l'interface entre le milieu de culture et la tige feuillée. Diverses hypothèses permettant d'expliquer le rôle de l'azote dans les mécanismes de contrôle de la croissance rythmique du chêne, ont été proposées

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29

Pardon, Lénaïc. "Modelling of the nitrogen budget of oil palm plantations to help reduce losses to the environment. Case study in Sumatra, Indonesia". Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IAVF0018/document.

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L’humanité fait face aux défis urgents de réduire l’impact environnemental de l’agriculture, de changer les régimes alimentaires et d’accroître la production alimentaire. Le palmier à huile est une plante pérenne tropicale emblématique de ces défis. Alors que sa culture peut être à l’origine d’impacts environnementaux, le palmier à huile peut produire, en conditions optimales, 7 à 10 fois plus d’huile alimentaire que les cultures oléagineuses annuelles. Dans ce contexte, améliorer la durabilité de la production d’huile de palme est crucial, tant pour réduire les impacts environnementaux négatifs que pour garantir la sécurité alimentaire. L’application de fertilisants azotés (N) a été identifiée comme une source majeure d’impacts environnementaux dus à la culture du palmier. Des analyses de cycle de vie de l’huile de palme ont été réalisées pour quantifier les impacts et identifier des améliorations de pratiques agricoles. Cependant, les seuls modèles d’émissions disponibles pour estimer les pertes de N dans l’environnement sont généralement valides pour les cultures annuelles et en climat tempéré. L’utilisation de tels modèles dans l’analyse de cycle de vie peut mener à des résultats très incertains ou à une faible sensibilité aux pratiques. L’objectif global de ce travail de recherche était d’aider à l’identification de pratiques pour réduire les pertes de N dans l’environnement. Le cœur du travail était le développement d’un modèle estimant toutes les pertes de N dans les plantations, tout en étant sensible aux pratiques. L’étude s’est concentrée sur les flux de N dans les plantations de palmiers sur sols minéraux. Nous avons réalisé quatre étapes pour mener à bien cette recherche. Premièrement, nous avons mené une revue de littérature de tout le savoir existant concernant les flux et pertes de N dans les plantations. Deuxièmement, nous avons comparé 11 modèles existants, pouvant être utilisés pour prédire les pertes de N dans les plantations. Troisièmement, nous avons réalisé une analyse de sensibilité de Morris approfondie du modèle mécaniste APSIM-Oil palm. Quatrièmement, nous avons construit IN-Palm, un indicateur agri-environnemental pour les pertes de N dans les plantations. Nous avons utilisé la méthode INDIGO® et l’approche de modélisation par arbres de décisions flous pour développer IN-Palm, et nous avons validé cet indicateur en utilisant des mesures de lixiviation de N d’une plantation à Sumatra, Indonésie. Notre revue de littérature et notre comparaison de modèles ont montré que les particularités du palmier à huile peuvent affecter significativement les dynamiques et pertes de N. Nous avons identifié des manques de recherche et des incertitudes sur les pertes de N, leurs déterminants et la modélisation des particularités du palmier. Nous avons identifié les déterminants des pertes de N et du rendement dans le modèle mécaniste APSIM-Oil palm. Nous avons développé IN-Palm, qui utilise 21 variables d’entré facilement accessibles pour estimer chaque voie de perte de N. Les prédictions de lixiviation de N par IN-Palm étaient acceptables, et IN-Palm s’est montré efficace pour tester des changements de pratiques agricoles. Cette recherche constitue une synthèse exhaustive des connaissances et modèles disponibles pour les flux et pertes de N dans les plantations. L’un des principaux résultats est un nouvel indicateur agri-environnemental, IN-Palm, sensible aux pratiques et conditions locales, de même qu’utilisable en tant que modèle d’émission dans des approches holistiques. Cet indicateur peut être une base utile pour de futures recherches sur l’utilisation d’indicateurs agri-environnementaux pour réduire l’incertitude des analyses cycle de vie, et pour de futures adaptations à d’autres plantes pérennes tropicales
Humanity faces the challenges of urgently decreasing the environmental impact of agriculture, shifting diets and increasing food production. Oil palm is a tropical perennial crop emblematic of these challenges. While its cultivation can be associated with environmental impacts, oil palm can produce 3 to 7 t of edible oil ha-1 in optimal conditions, which is 7 to 10 fold higher than in annual oil crops. In this context, improving palm oil production sustainability is crucial for both reducing negative environmental impacts and ensuring food security. Application of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisers was identified as a major source of environmental impacts associated with the cultivation of oil palm. Life cycle assessments of palm oil have already been performed to help quantify impacts and identify potential improvements of management practices. However, the only available emission models to estimate N losses to environment are generally valid for annual crops and temperate climate conditions. The use of such general models in life cycle assessment may lead to very uncertain results or to low sensitivity of assessments to management practices. The overall objective of this research work was to help identify management practices to reduce N losses in the environment. The core of the work was hence to develop a model that estimates all N losses in oil palm plantations, while being sensitive to management practices. The study focused on N fluxes in industrial oil palm plantations on mineral soils. We performed four steps in order to complete the objectives of this research work. First, we conducted a literature review of all the existing knowledge about N fluxes and losses in plantations. Second, we compared 11 existing models that may be used to predict N losses in plantations. Third, we performed an in-depth Morris’s sensitivity analysis of one of the models, the APSIM-Oil palm process-based model. Fourth, we used all the information identified in the previous chapters, together with expert knowledge, to build IN-Palm, an agri-environmental indicator for N losses in oil palm plantations. We used the INDIGO® method and the fuzzy decision tree modelling approach to develop IN-Palm, and we validated this indicator using a field dataset of N leaching from a plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our literature review and model comparison showed that oil palm peculiarities may impact significantly N dynamics and losses. We identified research gaps and uncertainties about N losses, their drivers and the modelling of oil palm peculiarities. We identified the main drivers of N losses and yield in the APSIM-Oil palm processbased model. We built IN-Palm, which uses 21 readily available input variables to estimate each N loss pathway. IN-Palm predictions of N leaching were acceptable, and IN-Palm has shown efficient to help testing management changes. This research constitutes a comprehensive synthesis of the available knowledge and models for N fluxes and losses in oil palm plantations. One of the main results is a novel agri-environmental indicator, IN-Palm, operationally-oriented, sensitive to local practices and environmental conditions, as well as potentially useable as an emission model for holistic approaches such as life cycle assessment. The INDIGO® method and fuzzy decision tree modelling approach were shown to be very well adapted for building agri-environmental indicators in contexts of knowledge scarcity. This indicator can be a useful base for further research about using agrienvironmental indicators to reduce uncertainty in life cycle assessment, and for future adaptations for other tropical perennial crops

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30

Harena, Tchamse. "Essai de validation et perspectives d'application en agrometeorologie d'un modele de simulation de la croissance et du developpement du mais : ceres-maize". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2D214.

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Apres une description du modele couple de simulation du bilan hydrique, du developpement et de la croissance, les valeurs simulees sont comparees aux donnees recueillies lors de quatre annees d'experimentation dans le puy-de-dome sur deux varietes de mais (dea et boree). On a constate que du point de vue phenologique le modele presente un retard de precocite et que les valeurs de croissance sont sous estimees. On etudie la sensibilite du modele aux parametres genetiques d'entree et a deux coefficients numeriques (phyllochrone et plastochrone), puis a la variation de l'etat hydrique du sol et a une irrigation intervenant pendant la floraison femelle

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31

Dossa, Clebio Gavioli. "CoreLB: uma proposta de balanceamento de carga na rede com Openflow e SNMP". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5895.

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Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-11-01T15:35:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clebio Dossa_.pdf: 1252617 bytes, checksum: 784b95c29ee09e2a922686b26cb7aa51 (MD5)
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Atualmente, muitos serviços distribuem a carga entre diversos nós computacionais direcionando as conexões com alguma estratégia de balanceamento para divisão da carga. O advento do uso de redes definidas por software (SDN) está mudando paradigmas da administração de redes, absorvendo serviços especializados, automatizando processos e gerando inteligência para regras estáticas com uma grande variedade de opções de implementação. O balanceamento de carga é um dos serviços especializados que pode usufruir dos conceitos de SDN, sem definições e processos estáticos como ocorre muitas vezes nos atuais modelos usados de balanceamento de carga. A definição dos protocolos que suportam SDN usualmente permitem soluções alternativas e eficientes para este problema, desta forma, neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de metodologia para balanceamento de carga entre distintos servidores de um pool com a troca do destino de tráfego realizada pela rede. Esta solução é chamada Core-based load balance (CoreLB), pois o serviço especializado de balanceamento de carga é realizado pela rede onde a administração de pacotes é nativamente realizada. A metodologia faz uso do protocolo SNMP para análise de recursos dos servidores com o objetivo de avaliar a situação de carga de cada nó computacional e de estatísticas de consumo de rede através do protocolo OpenFlow. Este trabalho avaliou o balanceamento de carga em serviços Web e a união de estatísticas de rede e da carga dos servidores, para a tomada de decisão de balanceamento, mostra-se uma metodologia eficiente e com melhores tempos de resposta ao usuário comparado com outras metodologias de avaliadas. Também melhorou a distribuição de consumo de recursos entre os servidores.
Currently, most services balance the load between distinct hosts forwarding connections with a load balance strategy in front. Usually, a dedicated appliance is responsible to performthe balance and may be a fault point and become expensive. The new concepts of computer network architecture with Software-Defined Networking (SND) are changing the network management, absorving specialist services, automating process and building intelligence to statics rules with loads of delivery options. The load balance is a specialized service that can enjoy in a positive way of SDN concepts, with low costs, in a flexible way as per the process needs instead of a plastered process definitions that occurs in many actual models. The OpenFlow protocol definition allow us to use a new solution to address this issue. This work shows a load balance purpose between distinct hosts with the destination change of connections made by the network core. It calls Core-based load balance (CoreLB) because the specialized load balance service move to the network core where the package forwarding is naturally made. This solution intend to use the SNMP protocol to analyse the hosts resources to evaluate server’s load. Using the network forwarding statistics and OS load informations, an efficient solution of load balance, the metodology proved to be efficient with better users’ response times average of 19% than no balanced scenario as well as around 9% better than others load balance strategies and a properly balance consumption of resources from hosts side. This process can be inhered in distinct models, however, this research intend to evaluate Web Services.

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32

Pardon, Lénaïc. "Modelling of the nitrogen budget of oil palm plantations to help reduce losses to the environment. Case study in Sumatra, Indonesia". Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/52952/1/52952-pardon-2017-thesis.pdf.

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Humanity faces the challenges of urgently decreasing the environmental impact of agriculture, shifting diets and increasing food production. Oil palm is a tropical perennial crop emblematic of these challenges. While its cultivation can be associated with environmental impacts, oil palm can produce 3 to 7 t of edible oil ha⁻¹ in optimal conditions, which is 7 to 10 fold higher than in annual oil crops. In this context, improving palm oil production sustainability is crucial for both reducing negative environmental impacts and ensuring food security. Application of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisers was identified as a major source of environmental impacts associated with the cultivation of oil palm. Life cycle assessments of palm oil have already been performed to help quantify impacts and identify potential improvements of management practices. However, the only available emission models to estimate N losses to environment are generally valid for annual crops and temperate climate conditions. The use of such general models in life cycle assessment may lead to very uncertain results or to low sensitivity of assessments to management practices. The overall objective of this research work was to help identify management practices to reduce N losses in the environment. The core of the work was hence to develop a model that estimates all N losses in oil palm plantations, while being sensitive to management practices. The study focused on N fluxes in industrial oil palm plantations on mineral soils. We performed four steps in order to complete the objectives of this research work. First, we conducted a literature review of all the existing knowledge about N fluxes and losses in plantations. Second, we compared 11 existing models that may be used to predict N losses in plantations. Third, we performed an in-depth Morris's sensitivity analysis of one of the models, the APSIM-Oil palm process-based model. Fourth, we used all the information identified in the previous chapters, together with expert knowledge, to build IN-Palm, an agri-environmental indicator for N losses in oil palm plantations. We used the INDIGO® method and the fuzzy decision tree modelling approach to develop IN-Palm, and we validated this indicator using a field dataset of N leaching from a plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our literature review and model comparison showed that oil palm peculiarities may impact significantly N dynamics and losses. We identified research gaps and uncertainties about N losses, their drivers and the modelling of oil palm peculiarities. We identified the main drivers of N losses and yield in the APSIM-Oil palm process-based model. We built IN-Palm, which uses 21 readily available input variables to estimate each N loss pathway. IN-Palm predictions of N leaching were acceptable, and IN-Palm has shown efficient to help testing management changes. This research constitutes a comprehensive synthesis of the available knowledge and models for N fluxes and losses in oil palm plantations. One of the main results is a novel agri-environmental indicator, IN-Palm, operationally-oriented, sensitive to local practices and environmental conditions, as well as potentially useable as an emission model for holistic approaches such as life cycle assessment. The INDIGO® method and fuzzy decision tree modelling approach were shown to be very well adapted for building agri-environmental indicators in contexts of knowledge scarcity. This indicator can be a useful base for further research about using agri-environmental indicators to reduce uncertainty in life cycle assessment, and for future adaptations for other tropical perennial crops.

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33

Vondrák, Tomáš. "Komunitní centrum v Českých Budějovicích - stavebně technologický projekt". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227299.

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The theme of the diploma thesis is the construction technology project construction of a community center in the Czech Budejovice. The work describes the study of the main stages of technological, financial and construction schedule, itemized budget and technological prescription for performance building envelope. A substantial part of the work is to perform a technological prescription ceiling cladding structure above 1.NP, which is supplemented by technical-economic balance for the implementation of this ceiling construction, along with formwork drawings describes the optimal design of monolithic ceiling structure above 1.NP. Suitable design of the implementation process of the ceiling structure is achieved by reducing the cost of implementation of nearly 10% and shorten the length of the lease formwork system of almost 34% compared to the original assumption.

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34

Výborný, Václav. "Příprava realizace polyfunkčního domu v Pardubicích". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240493.

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The main contens of the thesis is solving a construction-technological project substructure and the upper shell construction of a polyfunctional building in Pardubice. Excavation and foundation work are done in section A and B1 and B2. Drilled piles are foundation of a polyfunctional building. Drilled piles are support of reinforced concrete grillage, which are from strips foundation and foundation pads. Cast-in-place concrete frame is a form of load-bearing structure, which contens plate ceilings, pillars and walls. Peripheral masonry is from hellow clay blocks, which are between cast-in-place concrete frame. Diploma thesis includes technical report, plan of building side, schedule and the budget of the building, technological instructions, radon prevent, control and testing plan, safety, balance resources, selected constructional details, machinery composition, bill of quantities.

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35

Šot, František. "Výzkum vlastností materiálů pro použití ve vysokoteplotním solárním tepelně-akumulačním zásobníku". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390284.

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The use of thermal storage energy, using phase change materials appears to be an effective way to store thermal energy storage with the benefits of the high amount of energy while maintaining isothermal nature of the process. PCM methods are used in latent thermal storage systems for heat pumps, as well as in solar engineering or for temperature control in spacecraft. The past decade has extended these principles for cooling and heating in the building. There are a number of PCM systems, which operate over a wide temperature range, are used in various applications. This document includes a brief overview of the development and analysis of available thermal storage working mainly on the principle of PCM.

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36

AVANTIKA. "CONTROL OF TWO DEGREE OF FREEDOM BALL PLATE BALANCER". Thesis, 2018. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/16511.

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Ball and plate balancer is one of the nonlinear and unstable electromechanical system. Balancing of nonlinear system is a challenge to the control engineers and researcher. Ball plate control system is one of the benchmark problem in control engineering. There are several controllers such as fuzzy controller, PID controller robust LQR controller and which have been documented in the literature and have been applied to stabilize the ball and plate system. Controllers design are one of the important steps during the modelling of the systems. To achieve a good controller, it is needed to deﬁne suitable gain values for the controller coefﬁcients. This thesis studied the performance of few of the control strategies that consist of conventional controller, modern controller and intelligent controller for ball and plate system with a comparison among these controllers. LQR being a modern controller is a full state feedback controller. The purpose of using LQR algorithm is to reduce the calculation burden of the system. This thesis describes the mathematical modelling and transfer function of the proposed system. The model of the system is also linearized in order to be used with the linear controllers. The works followed by the implementation of the controllers in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Fuzzy logic controller is one of new and intelligent controller which evolves with learning mechanism combination of Fuzzy and PID has also been simulated for our control system in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Each controller performance is analysed and compared which is based on common input criteria of step response.

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37

Liao, Shian-Ching, i 廖顯慶. "Tracking and Balance Control of Ball and Plate Systems via Backstepping Design". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35473742173012078958.

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碩士
國立成功大學
工程科學系碩博士班
94
In this thesis, a digital signal processor based (DSP-based) ball and plate control system is built. This system consists of a mechanism, two motor actuators, a touch panel sensor , a DSP-based control card and the relevant peripheral interface circuits. The ball and plate system is a highly nonlinear system. Due to existence of the centrifugal force, the system relative degree id not well defined. Moreover , the centrifugal force provides a strong positive feedback and easily leads to the peaking phenomenon . In this thesis , it is shown how to build a ball and plate system . Then the mathematical model of this system is derived. The backstepping control design approach is used to design the controller for the ball and plate system . It is a recursive procedure that interlaces the choice of a Lyapunov function to discriminate stability with design of feedback control , and backstepping control often solves stabilization , tracking and robust control , problems under restrictive conditions . In this thesis , the backstepping controller can reduce the effect of centrifugal force on the system , and make the system reach globally asymptotic stability .

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38

Chu, Li-Ming, i 朱立銘. "Visual Servo Based Tracking and Balance Control of the Ball and Plate Systems". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13846518272458933502.

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碩士
國立成功大學
工程科學系碩博士班
97
In this thesis, a visual-servo and digital signal processor based ball and plate system is constructed. This system consists of a mechanism, two motor actuators, an image sensor, a DSP-based control card, the relevant peripheral interface circuits, and the software programs. The ball and plate system is a highly nonlinear system. Due to existence of the centrifugal force, the system relative degree is not well defined. Moreover, the centrifugal force provides a strong positive feedback and easily leads to the peaking phenomenon. In this thesis, the decoupling method is used to obtain two independent ball and beam systems. The backstepping control techniques and approximate feedback linearization are then used to design the controllers. Backstepping control design is a recursive procedure that interlaces the choice of a Lyapunov function to discriminate stability with design of feedback control. The approximate feedback linearization technique regards some nonlinear terms as very small disturbances and neglects them. The original nonlinear system is then tranformed into an approximate input-output system. It is shown that approximate feedback linearization not only reaches the excellent performance, but also has less complexity in controller design and implementation. So that we can re-tune each parameter of the controller much easier. It is greatly helpful when we proceed the experiments. Both of the controllers can achieve stabilization, tracking and robust control under restrictive conditions. Moreover, they can reduce the effect of centrifugal force on the system, and make the system reach asymptotic stability.

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39

Guo, Mei-chun, i 郭美君. "Differential tremor dynamics of concurrent pointing tasks on level surface and balance plate". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56392637219623884462.

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碩士
國立成功大學
物理治療研究所
97
Objective: Through interplay of multi-segment postural tremors, the aim of this study was to investigate the variations in coordinative control of postural pointing on two stance surfaces of different stability levels. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited to participate in this study. They performed a postural pointing task on two different stance surfaces, level surface (LS) and round balance plate (RBP); meanwhile, eight accelerometers were placed on limbs segments, including right index finger, hand, forearm, arm, lumbar, thigh, calf and foot, to record physiological tremors in the anterior-posterior and upward-downward directions during the postural-suprapostural tasks. Besides, low-frequency movement fluctuations (≦1 Hz) of the stance surface and pointing index were recorded with an accelerometer and a laser detector. The intensity of physiological tremors and movement fluctuations of the stance surface and index finger were represented with values of root mean square (RMS). Regularity of segment tremors and tremor coupling between adjacent segments were quantified with approximate entropy and partial correlation with the effect of stance fluctuation removed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and communality analysis were statistical approaches to feature the most important element of physiological tremors, pertaining to coordinative control of the two stance conditions. Results: Compared with LS stance, RBP stance resulted in significantly greater RMS of physiological tremors, particularly in the arm segment and the lower limb. A general enhancement of tremor coupling was noted in the upper limb but a remarked uncoupling in arm-lumbar and calf-foot complexes. Seesaw stance in the RBP condition also led to a greater regularity in segment tremors of the lower limb. The major differences in the two stances lie in primary principal components (TPC1) and secondary principal component (TPC2) that had relatively higher communality with segment tremors in the lower and upper limbs, respectively. TPC1 in the RBP condition exhibited a prominent 1-4 Hz spectral peak that was absent for TPC1 in the LS condition. Seesaw stance also added to 1-4 Hz and 8-13 Hz spectral amplitudes of the TPC2 in the RBP condition. As the ratio of movement fluctuation of the index to that stance surface was much smaller in the RBP condition than in the LS condition, the subjects were able to minimize transmission of movement fluctuations across segments in the RBP condition. Conclusion: Stance-related organization of segment tremors suggested that coordinative strategies to optimal postural pointing were modified to balance challenges. During seesaw stance, the subjects tacitly released coupling of the trunk and ankle joint in adaptation to fluctuation movements of balance plate, but intensified joint stiffness of the upper limb to master redundancy in joint space for pointing task. Potential neural correlates for dynamic regulation of postural sway from tremor principal components are discussed.

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40

Wu, Qian active 2013. "Jobs-housing balance : the right ratio for the right place". 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22716.

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CAMPO (Capital Area Metropolitan Planning Organization) is undergoing a revision of the regional transportation plan for Central Texas. The key goal of the plan is achieving sustainable development through integrating a multimodal transportation system with dense mixed land use. The CAMPO Plan has incorporated the growth management tool of jobs-housing balance to guide future land use development. To improve jobs-housing proximity and encourage compact growth, the concept of an activity center connected by high capacity transit corridors was employed in the plan, targeting the accommodation of 31 percent of the population and 38 percent of employment in Central Texas by 2035 (CAMPO 2035 Plan 2010). At the time when CAMPO was attempting to define appropriate ratios of jobs-housing balance for the activity centers, critical questions arose: what is a good ratio? Further, how should jobs-housing balance be quantified for guiding land use development? And to what extent could jobs-housing ratio be effectively used as an intervention instrument? This report attempts to provide theoretical and empirical evidence of jobs-housing balance and examine the applicability of jobs-housing balance ratio for different planning purpose in local context. Based on a rich literature review, the report removed the "deceptive simple concept" (Cervero 1991, p. 10) of jobs-housing balance on the surface and gathered insights on jobs-housing balance from existing exemplary studies. Absent a single consensus of a good jobs-housing balance ratio, the goal of this report is to present the possible ways of measuring and defining jobs-housing balance in complex urban development. This report analyzed existing jobs-housing balance of the Austin Region, presenting the truth of commute distance and jobs-housing balance ratio. Local municipalities might consider more factors in terms of the application of jobs-housing balance ratio in local context.
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41

Yen, Shou-Ru, i 顏秀如. "Comparison of Two Dynamic Balance Tests in Non-Athletes and Taekwondo Athletes with Ankle Instability：Force Plate and Star Excursion Balance Test". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38390669374487040479.

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碩士
國立臺灣體育大學(桃園)
運動保健科學研究所
96
Purpose: The purposes of this study were to 1. compare the injury and non-injury ankles in the two balance tests; 2. investigate the difference between the non-athletes and Taekwondo athletes in the two tests; 3. identify the correlation between SEBT and DPSI. Methods: Ten non-athletes and 10 Taekwondo athletes (mean age 22.00 ± 2.53 years) with unilateral functional ankle instability participated in this study. Each subject reported at least 2 ankle sprains on one leg within one year prior to the study and the instability was validated by positive anterior drawer test. All subjects completed jumping protocol to 50％ - 55％ of their maximum vertical jump height and then landed on one leg on a force plate. All subjects performed SEBT to 3 reaching directions (anterior, medial, and posterior) too. The above two tests were compared between stable and unstable ankles and between non-athletes and Taekwondo athletes. Results: In DPSI of Taekwondo group, significantly more stable of anterior-posterior direction in injury ankles was found compared to the non-injury ankles (p < .05). In DPSI of left-right direction, non-athletes were better than Taekwondo athletes (p < .01), but in the anterior-posterior direction, non-athletes were worse than Taekwondo athletes (p < .01). There is a significant correlation in anterior-posterior directions in SEBT. But there is no correlation in the two different tests. Conclusion：SEBT can’t distinguish from injury and non-injury legs in long time training athletes, and can’t distinguish from non-athletes and Taekwondo athletes. DPSI could distinguish the dynamic balance performance in certain direction. The best dynamic balance test should be determined according to the different subject groups and research purposes.

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42

Huang, Min-Fen, i 黃敏棻. "Finding the association between the quiet standing force plate measures and dynamic balance EMG responses". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07666639886731986824.

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碩士
國立中山大學
機械與機電工程學系研究所
104
In recent centuries, the average life expectancy has significantly increased. Our society is thus becoming an aging society. Therefore, the nursing problem for elder people has received a lot of attention. When people get older, their muscle strength, focus ability, and physical strength inevitable decline. As a result, the risk of falling increases significantly with aging. Since falling is an independent risk factor of death for elder people, preventing falling by evaluating the balance ability has becoming an important issue. To toward this goal, dynamic posturography evaluates postural stability by disrupting a stable stance and measuring the postural response to such external perturbations. In contrast, static posturography measures the postural steadiness of the human body without any external excitation. To goal of this work is to investigate the possible correlations between the static and dynamic posturography features. Extracted from the EMG signals measured from 12 different locations, the dynamic posturography features employed in this study include IEMG and latency-time. Based on the measurements of a force platform, the employed static posturography features include conventional COP features and features developed in this work. By disrupting the stable stance of 11 tests subject from both forward and backward directions, the experimental results find outs that correlations between the static and dynamic posturography features are direction and muscle dependent. A possible application of these results is try to predict the performances of dynamic posturography by using the results obtained from static posturography since the latter is much simpler to perform than the former.

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43

Henriques, Jennifer Santos. "Conceção do balanced scorecard na plater finance : serviços de apoio à gestão, lda". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/11091.

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Sistema de Classificação JEL: M41 – Accounting M49 - Other
As empresas, hoje em dia, têm de estar aptas às mudanças que se verificam no mercado, de forma a garantirem a sua vantagem competitiva. Tal fenómeno impulsionou-se de forma significativa aquando da atual crise económica e financeira, visto que as empresas tiveram que saber gerir a mudança organizacional. Não obstante, a crise gerou instabilidade e incertezas nas empresas no que concerne ao rumo a seguir por parte das mesmas. Deste modo, torna-se necessária a obtenção de informações financeiras e não-financeiras relevantes que auxiliem a tomada de decisão, o que, por conseguinte, necessita previamente da adoção de políticas e práticas de gestão. Tendo em consideração os fatores descritos, o objetivo deste projeto é o de conceber o Balanced Scorecard para a Plater Finance, empresa prestadora de serviços de contabilidade e apoio à gestão, com o intuito de satisfazer as necessidades atuais da empresa, no que concerne à obtenção de informações relevantes, financeiras e não-financeiras, que auxiliem a tomada de decisão e, por conseguinte, promovam uma gestão cada vez mais eficiente. A elaboração deste projeto proporciona à Plater Finance, uma ferramenta de gestão, desenhada à medida das suas necessidades e tendo em consideração os recursos de que dispõe, capaz de a auxiliar nas tomadas de decisão, mantendo a empresa a sua vantagem competitiva no mercado.
Nowadays, companies have to be able to adjust to the market changes, in order to ensure their competitive advantage. This phenomenon increased significantly during the current economic and financial crisis, as companies had to know how to manage organizational change. Likewise, crisis have been enhancing instability and uncertainty in enterprises regarding their strategy and sustainability. Thus, it becomes necessary to obtain the relevant financial and non- -financial information to support the decision making’ process, which requires the prior establishment of policies and management practices. Considering all the factors already mentioned, the main goal of this project is to design a Balanced Scorecard for Plater Finance, company that provides accounting and management support’ services, in order to satisfy their current needs for what concerns relevant financial and non-financial information that helps the decision making’ process, and therefore promotes an increasingly efficient management. The development of this project provides the company a management tool, specially designed accordingly with their needs and the available resources, able to support the decision making’ process, sustaining the company’s competitive advantage.

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44

Shih-Kao i 高識. "Multiscale Entropy Analysis to Study the Data of Force Plate and Inertial Sensor under Static Balance Measurement". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dtpx2s.

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碩士
元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
106
Static balance generally refers to the body (mainly the head) does not move, the body's ability to maintain posture for some time. The traditional method of measuring static balance is to stand in one eye with closed eyes in terms of the number of seconds as the balance of strength. A relatively new method is to use a force plate to record the pressure center of the subject and analyze the data. Although the force-measuring board has a strong function and accuracy, but bulky, the price is expensive. Inertial sensor is a kind of balance measuring instrument consisting of accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer. Due to its high performance-price ratio and small volume, inertial sensor is often used as a research tool in many scholars' studies on balance and gait in recent years. Multi-scale entropy is a new method, which is generally used as a measure of the complexity index of a finite-length time series. That is, the complexity of the physiological signal is quantified as an index and has drawn much attention in recent years. These indices are very important for evaluating dynamic biological control systems Diagnostic models are of potential importance. In the past, the inertial sensor and force plate data features were analyzed by scholars. However, no multi-scale entropy analysis was used to explore the data of the two devices. This study uses the complexity obtained by multi-scale entropy analysis as an index to investigate the static equilibrium data collected by the force-measuring plate and the inertial sensor. This study recruited 15 young people as subjects, tied inertial sensors at the site of spine L3 and stood on the force-measuring plate for four static balance measurements and collected the force-measuring plate and the inertial sensor Data import force plate characteristic value, inertial sensor characteristic value and multi-scale entropy analysis, discuss the result. The results of this study show that the relative balance of inertial sensors in four kinds of motions is in accordance with the force plate, but the size of features in anterior-posterior and medio-lateral of the three motions does not accord with the force plate. In terms of complexity index, the complexity of the force-measuring plate and the inertial sensor is similar in the case of better balancing ability, but the complexity indexes of the two are different when the balancing ability is not good.

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45

Mendes, José Ricardo Gameiro. "Avaliação do desempenho nos health clubs através do Balanced Scorecard : estudo de caso do Holmes Place de Coimbra". Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3925.

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Mestrado em Gestão do Desporto
O mercado do Fitness tem sido alvo de profundas mudanças pelo seu crescimento acentuado na última década. As empresas que actuam neste sector estão intimamente ligadas à evolução das Tecnologias de Informação e dos Sistemas de Medição do Desempenho, as quais procuram dar resposta às alterações do ambiente interno e externo à organização. Vivemos na era da informação, como tal, o Capital Intelectual representa o activo mais importante no seio das empresas, conceito que é representado pelas pessoas que nelas trabalham. De forma a garantir a vantagem competitiva nos Health Clubs, os gestores de topo devem envolver todos os colaboradores na estratégia empresarial para atingirem um objectivo comum: a estabilidade financeira. A metodologia que evidenciamos neste estudo de caso no Holmes Place de Coimbra, o Balanced Scorecard, fornece soluções enquanto ferramenta de apoio à gestão estratégica e sistema de monitorização em tempo real dos indicadores de performance dos colaboradores, através do BSCP, bem como dos objectivos dos departamentos e do clube.
The fitness market has undergone profound changes for its strong growth seen in the last decade. Companies operating in this sector are closely linked to the evolution of Information Systems and Performance Measurement seeking to respond to environmental changes inside and outside the organization. We live in an information age, as such, the intellectual capital is the most important asset within companies, a concept that is represented by people who work in them. In order to ensure competitive advantage in the Health Clubs, top managers must involve all employees in the business strategy to achieve a common goal: financial stability. The methodology that we evidence in this case study at Holmes Place de Coimbra, the Balanced Scorecard, provides solutions as a tool to support strategic management system and real time monitoring of performance indicators of employees through the PBSC as well as the objectives of departments and the club.

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46

Zou, Yi-Cong, i 鄒宜璁. "The Effect of Static Posture on Foot Pressure and Center of Gravity was Investigated by Kinect, Balance Plate and Plantar Pressure Sensor". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wvsvem.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系
105
The biggest difference between man and other animals is the walking posture,the foot is the most delicate structure of the human body, Da Vinci is praised the human foot is God to create all things in the most sophisticated art masterpiece, when the walking posture or arch structure is defective , Like the foundation of the human body crooked in general, not only affect the knee, bone plate, vertebral skew, and even cause other related organ damage, so the foot structure is a field should be in-depth study.Tradition in the analysis of human action, access to the threshold is quite high, whether it is action capture (Motion Capture) or space requirements are not the average person can afford the play, but this paper uses Microsoft to launch Kinect For Windows, as long as the installation of SDK The driver can analyze the movements of the subjects, capture the body 20 joint (Joint).In addition, through the pressure balance plate and piezoresistive pressure sensor to collect the feet standing, single left foot standing, single right foot standing three different posture in the open eyes will affect the balance of the body and the distribution of plantar pressure, through The sum of variance, the Pearson analysis, and the transitive neurotransmission, and three different analytical experiments to explore the effect of open eyes on stability. Key words: Kinect, Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor, Pressure Balance Plate, Static Balance, Inverted Transfer Type Neural Network

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47

Leyden, Myra. "There's No Place Like Home: Perceived Powerlessness and the Work-Life Balance of Male Residential Construction Workers in Southern Ontario". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3583.

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Little is known about the work life of those employed in the residential construction sector or the conditions under which they work that might influence the quality of the house they build. The main goals of this investigation were to uncover the work-life balance issues faced by male residential construction workers and how the structural organisation of residential construction work impacted them. While a growing body of literature exists on work-life balance, most of it has concentrated on working women and/or those employed in professional occupations. In semi-standardised interviews conducted with new home construction workers in Southern Ontario, it was found that these men were, for the most part, content with their work-life balance. It would seem that a culture of long work hours remains predominant in home construction, which is problematic for an industry seeking to recruit young workers and women workers, who may want a better work-life balance.

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48

Cheng, Chih-Hsiang, i 鄭志祥. "Automation of The Prestress Calculation in Bridge Construction Phase-A Case Study of Cast-In-Place Balanced Cantilever Construction". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54486609135808726735.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
97
The automation in various types of construction is promoted positively in recent years, especially in the bridge construction of automation impetus. For example, Advancing Shoring Method, Incremental Launching Method and Free/Balanced Cantilever Method have already been adopted in industy for many years. Such construction techniques on automation have gradually matured. The characteristics of automation in construction methods are the standardize superstructure section, the construction equipment mechanization and the standardization of circulation construction, which is the unitization of repetitive projects. The paper develop a model to automate the prestress calculation of construction phase and based on the characteristic of the bridge construction unitization. Office VBA IDE(Interactive Development Environment) to develop a system which integrates preceding process work and rear process work of prestress analysis. Then AutoCAD 3D cartography function and AutoCAD VBA IDE are used to develop parametric bridge construction drawing and to establish the bridge 3D/VR model. The study is expected to provide a convenient and concise operation model in complicated and repeated prestress calculation work, for reducing the internal work time and improving work efficiency.

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49

Karg, Sonja Andrea [Verfasser]. "Biologically motivated neuro-mechanical stepping model in the frontal plane with integration of sensor driven balance control / Sonja Andrea Karg". 2008. http://d-nb.info/992765056/34.

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Pereira, Joaquim Manuel Mendes Resende. "A cidade como marca : um instrumento de desenvolvimento sustentável". Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/16836.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Marketing e Gestão Estratégica
O desenvolvimento sustentável é, sem margem de dúvida, a única opção de desenvolvimento. As evidências de que o ambiente não suportará por muito mais tempo as taxas de crescimento da população e os níveis de consumo da humanidade constituíram as bases para a construção de uma nova consciência. Desconhece-se a existência de estudos que relacionem a gestão estratégica, o marketing de cidades e a marca de cidade com os níveis de desenvolvimento sustentável alcançados, em particular na perspectiva que lhe é conferida neste estudo: Como modelo de governação local. Assim, a abordagem exploratória e descritiva conferem ao corpo teórico grande relevância, na medida em que permite uma maior familiarização com o fenómeno, tido ainda como relativamente desconhecido, contribuindo para uma melhor entendimento, apontando um novo caminho, propondo aos territórios as melhores praticas da gestão empresarial, pela adopção da Gestão Estratégica e do Marketing, em particular da marca de cidade. No que respeita aos Presidentes do executivo não nos foi possível traçar um perfil explicativo da adopção das práticas de gestão estratégica, sendo evidente, na grande maioria dos casos, a existência de uma perspectiva muito redutora, onde tudo se resume a acções isoladas de promoção turística e/ou de captação de investimento, materializada pela mais ou menos cuidada acção de comunicação, normalmente sem intencionalidade estratégica. Relativamente aos Cidadãos, os dados revelam a existência de quatro factores, muito próximos das quatro dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável, que agregam um conjunto de “adjectivos” percepcionados como caracterizadores da imagem da cidade que, permitem acreditar na pertinência da construção de uma identidade próxima dessas dimensões. É evidente a não existência de uma visão holística, integradora de necessidades e desejos, que a todos respeite e envolva na definição, decisão e construção da cidade desejada. Parece desconhecer-se que os cidadãos (individuais e colectivamente entendidos), ao serem parte da decisão, aumentam a auto-estima, mobilizam o orgulho cívico, tornam-se pessoas conscientes, participativas e orgulhosas das conquistas da sua terra, as quais tomam como suas.
The sustainable development is surely the only development option we have. The evidences that the environment will not support for much longer the current population growth and the current consumption level of the world population were the base for the construction of a new conscience. There are no known studies that relate the strategical management, city marketing and city brand with levels of reached sustainable development from the perspective we use in this particular study: as model for local government. Therefore, the exploratory and descriptive approach we used in this study gives relevance to the theoretical knowledge, as it allows us the possibility to approach this relatively unknown phenomenon in a familiar way, while it also allows us a better understanding of it and points a new path to be followed- adopting Strategical Management and Marketing (particularly the city brand). Regarding the executive presidents (Mayor) of the studied areas, we were unable to outline an explanatory profile for the adoption of strategical management procedures. What became clear was the lack of a broad vision regarding this issue: most cases are about isolated touristic promotion actions and/or ability to capture investment. This is done using communication actions as a tool and usually there is no strategical intention involved in the process. Regarding the Citizens, the data we've collected reveals the existence of four factors, that are very close to the four dimensions of sustainable development. These four factors aggregate different groups of “adjectives”, that are perceived as characterizing factors of the city's image. This allows us to believe that it is relevant to construct an identity that is close to those dimensions. What became very clear was the lack of an holistic vision, one that integrates needs and wishes, one that involves everyone in the definition, decision and construction of the desired city. We seem to be unaware that by becoming part of the decision process, citizens (whether in the individual or collective sense) raise their self-esteem and civic pride. They also become aware participants of the process and are able to feel pride in the achievements of their cities, that they can perceive as their own achievements.

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