Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Plant fibers as building materials

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Plant fibers as building materials”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 29 lipca 2024
Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Plant fibers as building materials"

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Amin, Muhammad Nasir, Waqas Ahmad, Kaffayatullah Khan i Ayaz Ahmad. "A Comprehensive Review of Types, Properties, Treatment Methods and Application of Plant Fibers in Construction and Building Materials". Materials 15, nr 12 (20.06.2022): 4362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124362.

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Sustainable development involves the usage of alternative sustainable materials in order to sustain the excessive depletion of natural resources. Plant fibers, as a “green” material, are progressively gaining the attention of various researchers in the field of construction for their potential use in composites for stepping towards sustainable development. This study aims to provide a scientometric review of the summarized background of plant fibers and their applications as construction and building materials. Studies from the past two decades are summarized. Quantitative assessment of research progress is made by using connections and maps between bibliometric data that are compiled for the analysis of plant fibers using Scopus. Data refinement techniques are also used. Plant fibers are potentially used to enhance the mechanical properties of a composite. It is revealed from the literature that plant-fiber-reinforced composites have comparable properties in comparison to composites reinforced with artificial/steel fibers for civil engineering applications, such as construction materials, bridge piers, canal linings, soil reinforcement, pavements, acoustic treatment, insulation materials, etc. However, the biodegradable nature of plant fibers is still a hindrance to their application as a structural material. For this purpose, different surface and chemical treatment methods have been proposed in past studies to improve their durability. It can be surmised from the gathered data that the compressive and flexural strengths of plant-fiber-reinforced cementitious composites are increased by up to 43% and 67%, respectively, with respect to a reference composite. In the literature, alkaline treatment has been reported as an effective and economical method for treating plant fibers. Environmental degradation due to excessive consumption of natural resources and fossil fuels for the construction industry, along with the burning of waste plant fibers, can be reduced by incorporating said fibers in cementitious composites to reduce landfill pollution and, ultimately, achieve sustainable development.
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Jaturonlux, Noppanat, i Thanate Ratanawilai. "PERFORMANCE OF WOOD COMPOSITES WITH NATURAL FIBER AS SOUND ABSORBER OF BUILDING MATERIALS". Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 30, nr 2 (29.05.2023): 010220(1–10). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-02-e02017.

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Natural fibers are an alternative to reduce the use of synthetic materials in acoustic products. Such fibers have the benefits of being inexpensive, environmentally benign, biodegradable, and safe for human health. The influence on sound absorption coefficient of different natural fibers including rubberwood, coconut coir, and oil palm empty fruit bunches was investigated. The samples were composed of three kinds of natural fibers, three different fiber sizes, and two different kinds of adhesives. The porosity values of the samples were found in the range of 4.58-8.84% whereas the lowest water absorption value was found on the sample with rubberwood fiber in the range of 57.62-127.83%. Impedance tube testing was used for the sound absorption tests following ISO 10534-2. The experimental result revealed that the natural fibers have good performance associated with the fiber length. The longer fiber performs the better sound absorption than that of the short fiber. All kinds of natural fiber plates tested had sound absorption of 50% above 3.5 kHz whereas the oil palm fiber gave the highest absorption coefficient at 95%. The fiber size fraction approved that those fibers could improve the peak values of sound absorption. The small fiber size gave higher peak values than that of the large fiber size. The type of adhesive influences sound absorption coefficient on the sample with small fiber size (80 mesh) than that of the large fiber size (40 mesh). The output of this study reveals the waste plant fibers could adopt to develop sound absorber building materials.
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Bittner, Can Mark, i Vincent Oettel. "Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Natural Plant Fibers—Investigations on the Application of Bamboo Fibers in Ultra-High Performance Concrete". Sustainability 14, nr 19 (22.09.2022): 12011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912011.

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Natural plant fibers represent a sustainable alternative to conventional fiber reinforcement materials in cementitious materials due to their suitable mechanical properties, cost-effective availability and principle carbon neutrality. Due to its high tensile strength and stiffness as well as its worldwide distribution along with rapid growth, bamboo offers itself in particular as a plant fiber source. In experimental studies on concrete beams reinforced with plant fibers, a positive influence of the fibers on the flexural behavior was observed. However, the load-bearing effect of the fibers was limited by the poor bond, which can be attributed, among other things, to the swelling behavior of the fibers. In addition, the plant fibers degrade in the alkaline environment of many cementitious building materials. In order to improve the bond and to limit the alkalinity and to increase the durability, the use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) offers itself. Since no tests have been carried out, investigations on the flexural behavior of UHPC with bamboo fibers were carried out at the Institute of Concrete Construction of Leibniz University Hannover. The test results show a significantly improved load-bearing behavior of the fibers and the enormous potential of the combination of UHPC and bamboo fibers.
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Yadav, Deepshikha, G. P. Singh, Suman Nehra, Manoj S. Shekhawat i Akshay Joshi. "Thermo-Physical Analysis of natural fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde biodegradable composites". Journal of Condensed Matter 1, nr 02 (1.12.2023): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.61343/jcm.v1i02.12.

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Natural fiber reinforced composites are composite materials which contain reinforced fibers from natural sources. Natural fiber composites can provide an effective and renewable solution for environment-friendly construction materials. For example, building insulation materials which are made of natural fibers can improve energy efficiency and reduce material waste generation. The fibers used in these composites are extracted mainly from plant sources such as bamboo, jute, sisal, and flax. Natural fibers have excellent mechanical and energy-dampening properties, making them ideal for manufacturers looking to replace traditional synthetic fiber reinforcements. They are also gaining popularity as replacements for plastic and metal components in many consumer goods. In this paper desert plant prosopis juliflora fibers were used as reinforcement in phenol formaldehyde resin to make composites. TGA, DSC and DMA were performed to analyze the change in thermal stability and mechanical properties of the prosopis juliflora fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites. The alkali-treated fibers were prepared by immersing the PJ fibers in a 1% sodium hydroxide solution for 24 hours. The fibers were washed and dried before being mixed with the phenol formaldehyde resin. The composites were prepared with untreated and alkali-treated reinforced fibers. All specimens were left to cure at room temperature over night.
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yadav, Deepshikha, i G. P. Singh. "Investigations on Alkali Treated Modified Fibers of Desert Plant Prosopis juliflora". Current World Environment 18, nr 2 (31.08.2023): 904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.36.

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The development of natural fiber reinforced composite material is increasing at very fast rate due to their eco-friendly and biodegradable nature. NFCs natural fiber reinforced composites have various properties such as low cost, low density, recyclability, renewability and good physical and mechanical strength. NFCs have wide range of applications such as in automobile, sports, aerospace, marine, home appliances and in building construction. In this paper we used prosopis juliflora desert plant fibers as a filler to make biodegradable composites and alkali treatment was done to modification of fiber in order to make high strength composites materials. By using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water absorption tests, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), this paper examines the effects of surface modification on the fibers. By conducting SEM analysis it has been observed that the chemical treatment of fibers can improve adhesion of the composites. Water absorption test concluded that due to the higher porosity and better surface energy of the treated fiber it had a higher rate of water absorption than the untreated fibers. FTIR results concluded that due to more crystalline structure and more ordered structure crystallinity index of the treated fibers increases compared to untreated fibers. FTIR results proves that TCI total crystallinity index and the LOI lateral order index is high for PJ treated fibers as compared to untreated PJ fibers.
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Sadouri, Reda, Hocine Kebir i Mustafa Benyoucef. "Enhancing mechanical properties and crack resistance of earth-sand building materials through alfa fiber reinforcement: An experimental investigation". Gradjevinski materijali i konstrukcije, nr 00 (2024): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/grmk2300015r.

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This paper investigates enhancing the mechanical properties and crack resistance of earth-sand building materials by incorporating Alfa fibers, derived from the Alfa plant. Earth-based construction materials, known for their sustainability, face challenges in mechanical performance and cracking. The study explores a composite of earth (60 wt%) and sand (40 wt%) reinforced with Alfa fibers of varying lengths and rates. Tensile strength and water absorption of the fibers were assessed, and prismatic specimens (40x40x160 mm3 ) with different cutting lengths were tested. Results inform the potential of Alfa fibers for improving earth-based material performance. Incorporating 2% wt of Alfa fibers reduced the unit weight of the composite from 1849 kg/m3 to 1632 kg/m3 , resulting in a slight material weight decrease. Compared to unreinforced adobe specimens, fibrous samples exhibited lower linear shrinkage rates and improved mechanical behavior, with 2% wt of 3 cm fibers showing optimal performance. The fibers effectively impeded crack propagation, with both length and content influencing crack attenuation. However, microstructural observation revealed poor fiber/matrix adhesion, negatively impacting adobe specimen compactness despite enhanced mechanical properties.
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K, Sakthi Vadivel, Vigneshwaran K i Sivaraj C. "Study on The Mechanical Properties of Roselle Fiber and Palm Seed Powder Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite". Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 16, nr 1 (1.03.2021): 001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37255/jme.v16i1pp001-006.

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Recently, due to increasing environmental concerns, scientists and researchers have been replacing synthetic fibers with natural fibers as the main component in composites. Roselle is one suitable natural fiber. The plant’s history, physical description, cultural methods, and usages were explained to further understand this potential plant. It is clear that extensive research has been performed on the fiber extraction methods, properties, and possible surface treatments of Roselle fibers to enhance its properties in the manufacturing of natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites.Also Epoxy hybrid Palm Seed powder with Roselle fiber to strengthen the materials; however, no review has covered the properties and applications of Roselle fibers and palm seed powders in detail. Thus we have investigated Tensile, Impact, Flexural and Water absorption test of Roselle fiber and Palm Seed powder composite. Therefore, a study was performed on Roselle fiber to determine its potential to enable a better selection of materials to produce composites for potential applications in the construction and building, automotive, and aerospace industries.
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Ghanem, Hassan, Rawan Ramadan, Jamal Khatib i Adel Elkordi. "Volume Stability and Mechanical Properties of Cement Paste Containing Natural Fibers from Phragmites-Australis Plant at Elevated Temperature". Buildings 14, nr 4 (21.04.2024): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041170.

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The utilization of bio-fiber materials in building components has become imperative for improving sustainability, controlling global warming, addressing environmental concerns, and enhancing concrete properties. This study is part of a wide-range investigation on the use of Phragmites-Australis (PhA) fibers in construction and building materials. In this paper, the volume stability and mechanical properties of paste containing PhA fibers and exposed to high temperatures were investigated. Four mixes were made with 0, 0.5, 1, and 2% fibers by volume. To evaluate the volume stability and mechanical properties, the chemical shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, expansion, ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive strength, and flexural strength were tested. The curing duration and temperature were 180 days and 45 °C, respectively. The results indicated that an addition of PhA fibers of up to 2% resulted in a reduction in all the shrinkage parameters at 180 days. The presence of PhA fibers in the paste tended to reduce the compressive strength, with the lowest value observed at 2%. Apart from the values at 90 days, the optimal flexural strength seemed to be achieved by the paste with 1% PhA fibers. To further elucidate the experimental results, a hyperbolic model was employed to predict the variation in the length change as a function of the curing age with a high accuracy. Based on the results obtained, PhA fibers can play a crucial role in mitigating the shrinkage parameters and enhancing the mechanical properties of cement paste.
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Juradin, Sandra, Ivica Boko, Ivanka Netinger Grubeša, Dražan Jozić, Silvija Mrakovčić i Iva Vukojević. "Properties of Spanish Broom Fiber Reinforced Concrete". Solid State Phenomena 322 (9.08.2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.322.72.

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Building materials based on renewable resources such as plant fibers are increasingly needed, especially if the plant is local and easily accessible. One such plant is the Spanish broom, a typical shrub of the Mediterranean region. In this work, Spanish broom fibers were used for the first time to reinforce concrete. Four mixtures were made: a reference mixture and three mixtures reinforced with 3 cm long fibers, in the amount of 0.5% of the total volume. Cement CEM I 42.5R, crushed limestone aggregate (D = 16 mm), and tap water were used for all the mixtures and in equal quantities. Four mortar mixtures were also made: standard mortar and 3 fiber-reinforced mortars. The mortar is reinforced with fibers of the same length and quantity as the concrete. The fibers were obtained by maceration of Spanish broom in solutions of 8%, 10%, and 15% NaOH. The quality and mechanical properties of the cellulose fibers depend on the geographical and climatic conditions and the fiber extraction procedures so the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different chemical pre-treatments of the fibers on the mechanical properties of the concrete. The properties of the fresh mix were determined using the flow method. Hardened concrete was tested for compressive and flexural strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity. Compressive and flexural strengths were determined on cement mortars. The results obtained on concrete were compared with those obtained on the mortar. It was concluded that the quality of composite materials is more influenced by the quality of the placement than by fiber treatment.
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Kim, Daegeon. "Improvement for Construction of Concrete-Wall with Resistance to Gas-Explosion". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (10.09.2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5189496.

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The research was initiated to investigate the performance of fiber-reinforced concrete for protecting people or assets in the building against the explosion or debris missiles. The fiber-reinforced concrete has the difficulty with being applied in the actual construction conditions with the normal ready-mixed concrete system. The fibers for the protection performance require high toughness to endure the huge energy from an explosion, but the large amount of the fiber is required. The required amount of fibers can result in decreased workability and insufficient dispersion of fibers. It has been difficult to apply fiber-reinforced concrete on field placing with the ready-mixed concrete system of plant mixing, delivering, and placing. This research carried out the investigation of properties of combined fiber of steel and polymeric fiber to improve workability and agitating in the mixer. Based on the preliminary experimental test results in a laboratory, combined fiber-reinforced concrete was applied on the actual field construction of chemical plant. According to the results from the laboratory tests and application in the real construction project, it is expected to introduce the combined fiber for desirable mechanical performance with less adverse effect on workability of the mixture.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Plant fibers as building materials"

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Han, Hongchang. "Study of agro-composite hemp/polypropylene : treatment of fibers, morphological and mechanical characterization". Thesis, Troyes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TROY0002/document.

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L’utilisation des fibres végétales dans les polymères composites suscite de nombreuses investigations. Avant de mélanger les fibres végétales dans le polymère, un traitement chimique peut être effectué permettant de réduire l’hydrophilicité des fibres et d’améliorer l'adhérence à l’interface fibre/matrice. Dans cette thèse, l'eau et l'alcali sont utilisés d'abord pour traiter les fibres de chanvre, puis trois agents silane : 3-(triméthoxysilyl)propyl méthacrylate (MPS), N-[3- (triméthoxysilyl)propyl] aniline (PAPS) et (3-Aminopropyl)-triéthoxysilane (APS), sont utilisés pour modifier plus ou moins la surface des fibres de chanvre. Ces fibres traitées ou modifiées sont ensuite mélangées avec le polypropylène (PP) pour la fabrication des composites. Les effets de ces différents traitements sur la structure, les composants et l’hydrophilicité des fibres, et les propriétés mécaniques de ces composites sont mis en évidence. Nous avons étudié ensuite l’effet de vieillissement sur leurs comportements mécaniques, notamment l'humidité, la température et le rayonnement ultraviolet. Les résultats ont montré que le traitement de fibres par l'eau et l’alcali a des effets considérables sur la structure de fibres, les propriétés mécaniques et la durabilité des composites renforcés. La modification par l'agent de silane a une influence moins importante sur la structure des fibres, pourtant son groupe fonctionnel a une influence significative sur les propriétés mécaniques et la résistance au vieillissement des composites renforcés
Using agro fiber as reinforcement of polymer com-posites attracts numerous investigations due to the good mechanical properties and environmental benefits. Prior to blend agro fiber with polymer, chemical treatment can be employed to treat agro fiber for the purpose of reducing the hydrophilicity of fiber and improving the interfacial adhesion fi-ber/polymer matrix. In this thesis, water and alkali are utilized to treat hemp fiber firstly and then three silane agent as 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacry-late (MPS), N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]aniline (PAPS) and (3-Aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APS) are employed to modify the hemp fiber surface. These treated or modified fibers are blended respectively with polypropylene (PP) to fabricate the hemp fiber/PP composites. The effects of these different treatments on the structure, components and hydro-philicity of fiber, and the mechanical properties of the reinforced PP composites are studied. Moreover, the accelerated ageing experiments including humidity, temperature and ultraviolet of the reinforced PP composites are conducted. The results showed that the fiber treatment of water and alkali has a considerable effect on fiber structure, mechanical properties and durability of the reinforced compo-sites. The silane agent modification of fiber has less influence on the fiber structure but its functional group has great influence on the mechanical proper-ties and ageing resistance of the reinforced compo-sites
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Vaz, Viviane Visnardi 1987. "Pavimento intertravado de concreto reforçado com fibras de vidro". [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267713.

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Orientadores: Rosa Cristina Cecche Lintz, Marco Antonio Carnio
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T15:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vaz_VivianeVisnardi_M.pdf: 4951532 bytes, checksum: 5513fc36c7d951f9241a2649baca2fcb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: O concreto possui propriedades estruturais desejáveis como a resistência à compressão elevada, a rigidez e a durabilidade, mas, ao mesmo tempo, apresenta algumas limitações, como a baixa capacidade de deformação e a rápida propagação de fissuras quando submetido a esforços de tração. A utilização de fibras como material de reforço é uma alternativa para minimizar as limitações deste material. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o comportamento mecânico do Concreto Reforçado com Fibras de Vidro (CRFV) e verificar a viabilidade da aplicação do CRFV em peças de pavimento intertravado. A escolha do traço foi feita levando-se em consideração a norma brasileira que estabelece para pavimentos com tráfego de pedestres, veículos leves e veículos comerciais de linha resistência característica à compressão mínima de 35 MPa e para pavimentos com tráfego de veículos especiais e solicitações capazes de produzir efeitos de abrasão acentuados resistência característica à compressão mínima de 50 MPa. A análise dos resultados obtidos permite concluir que a adição de fibras ao concreto proporciona aumento na resistência à tração na flexão e a resistência residual pós-fissuração aumenta com o teor crescente de fibras de vidro na mistura. Verificou-se também um aumento na resistência à compressão das peças de pavimento intertravado moldadas com o concreto reforçado com fibra de vidro possibilitando a aplicação deste traço em pavimentos com tráfego de veículos especiais, de acordo com os limites estabelecidos pela norma brasileira
Abstract: The concrete has desirable structural properties such as high compressive strength, stiffness and durability, but at the same time it has some limitations such as low deformability and rapid crack propagation when subjected to tensile stresses. The use of fibers as reinforcement material for the concrete is an alternative to minimize the limitations of this material. The objective of this report is to evaluate the mechanical behavior of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) and verify the viability of the application of GFRC in interlocked floor blocks. The choice of recipe was made assuming the Brazilian Standard establishes floor with pedestrian traffic, light vehicles and line commercial vehicles minimum characteristic compressive strength of 35 MPa and special vehicle traffic floors and requests can produce marked effects of abrasion minimum characteristic compressive strength of 50 MPa. The analysis of the results shows that the addition of concrete to the fibers provides increased flexural tensile strength and residual flexural tensile strength post-cracking increases with increasing content glass fibers in the mixture. It was also verified an increase in the compressive strength of interlocked floor blocks made with glass fiber reinforced concrete making it possible the application of these recipe in the floors with special vehicle traffic, in accordance with the limits set by the Brazilian Standard
Mestrado
Ciência dos Materiais
Mestra em Tecnologia
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Nguyen, Duy Cuong. "Caractérisation de l'interface fibre/matrice : application aux composites polypropylène/chanvre". Thesis, Troyes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TROY0009/document.

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Les agro-composites font l'objet de nombreuses études et applications industrielles en raison des multiples propriétés mécaniques qu'ils présentent. Ces propriétés présentent de grandes perspectives comparées à celles des composites traditionnels. Cependant les connaissances sur le comportement mécanique de l'interface fibre/matrice restent limitées. De plus, la différence de propriété entre la fibre hydrophile et la matrice hydrophobe peut causer des défauts au niveau de l’interface. Il est donc important de caractériser finement la décohésion à l'interface au cours d'une sollicitation. Plusieurs méthodes ont été proposées dans la littérature, elles sont généralement très complexes à mettre en œuvre et sont coûteuses. Dans cette étude, nous avons développé une méthode de caractérisation en se basant sur l'essai de « pull-out ». La géométrie de la fibre a été prise en compte dans le calcul des propriétés mécaniques de l'interface par la mise à profit d'une approche inspirée de la tomographie. L'influence de la température d'élaboration sur les propriétés mécaniques de l'interface a été étudiée de manière à définir la température optimale. L'évolution des propriétés interfaciales a été suivie au cours d'un vieillissement en humidité relative. Après quatre semaines, la résistance au cisaillement et la rigidité au cisaillement de l'interface sont diminuées fortement alors que la déformation à la rupture est augmentée
Agro-composites are increasingly studied and applied to various industries over recent years due to good mechanical properties compared to conventional composites especially in terms of specific values. However, since low adhesion between the hydrophilic fiber and hydrophobic matrix, which occurs one of the main breaks modes in this kind of material, the characterization of the interface becomes a key problem. For investigation of this issue, existing methods show limitation for reasons of complexity (in preparation, in principle) and of cost. In this study, we developed a « pull-out ». In particular, the real fiber geometry of the plant fiber was taken into the calculation of mechanical properties of interface using a tomography inspired method. By checking the effective temperature of the molding then varying it, we studied the effect of this processing parameter to mechanical properties of fibre/matrix interface and determined the optimal conditions. The developed experimental protocol is applied to aged interfaces in order to clarifying the evolution of interfacial properties during the aging time to relative humidity. After four weeks, the interfacial shear strength and the shear modulus of the interface were greatly reduced while the shear deformation at the rupture was greatly increased
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Zhang, Xiaohui. "Manufacturing of hemp/PP composites and study of its residual stress and aging behavior". Thesis, Troyes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TROY0015/document.

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Depuis quelques années les matériaux composites à base de fibres naturelles sont de plus en plus utilisés pour les nouvelles performances qu’ils proposent. C’est surtout au niveau des fibres naturelles que de nouvelles propriétés sont proposées. Dans ce travail, nous nous sommes essentiellement intéressés aux fibres naturelles de chanvre. Ces fibres sont déjà fortement utilisées dans l’automobile et la construction. En Europe, ces fibres sont produites principalement en France et plus particulièrement dans l’Aube. Pour développer des agro-composites hautes performances, c’est sous la forme de fibres longues et de tissus que nous avons choisi d’orienter ce travail de thèse. Nous avons choisi la thermocompression pour élaborer des plaques avec des tissus de chanvre et une matrice en polypropylène (PP). Ce travail permet de voir l’influence des conditions d’élaboration sur le comportement mécaniques de ces agro-composites. Cette thèse permet aussi de voir l’effet du vieillissement aux UV et à l’Humidité sur les performances de ces matériaux. Enfin une analyse des contraintes résiduelles par la méthode du trou incrémental permet de voir leurs effets sur ces agro-matériaux
In recent years composite materials based on natural fibers are more and more used for their new performances. Natural fibers propose attractive environmental, mechanical and thermal properties.In this work, we are firstly interested in hemp fibers. These fibers are already used in the automotive and construction industry. In Europe, these fibers are produced mainly in France and especially in Aube. To develop agro-composites with high performances, we have focused this thesis on hemp woven. We chose to elaborate the plates with hemp woven and a polypropylene matrix (PP) by compression molding. This work allows us to see the influence of elaboration conditions on the mechanical behavior of these agro-composites. This thesis also allows us to see the effect of aging conditions UV and humidity on the performance of these materials. Finally an analysis of residual stresses determined by the hole drilling method is proposed to see their effects on the agro-materials
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Cruz, Maria (Maria Regina Torres). "The impact of plant product harvesting on Derre Miombo woodlands, Mozambique / by Maria Cruz". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53124.

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Thesis (MScFor)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates how information on plant products can be used to incorporate local users into joint forest management planning by developing guidelines for sustainable collaborative management in Derre miombo woodland in the Zambézia Province in Mozambique. From the participatory appraisal, it was found that 46 woody miombo species were used in the five villages for at least 29 different purposes. Five of these species (Brachystegia boehmii, B. spiciformis, Pterocarpus angolensis, Terminalia sericea and Swartzia madagascariensis) were selected for analysis because of their multiple uses and the unknown impact of their harvesting on the future survival of those hardwood trees species. In order to determine the impact of human resource extraction on the forest and on the dynamics of tree canopy populations an inventory of woody plants was.carried out for two categories of forest land-use, namely selective harvesting and fallow land (approximately 15 years old). This was done for Golombe and Arame villages and for selective harvesting only for Mphoto village, on 23, I-ha random selected plots in the woodland adjacent to the three villages. The population structure of the five species T sericea, S. madagascariensis, P. angolensis, B. boehmii and B. spiciformis showed different trends in each of the three villages. Size class distribution of the first tree species gave evidence that the species were being harvested for building poles. This study has shown that, through plant species products, miombo contribute to the livelihoods of the local communities living in Derre woodlands. In this study it was found that usually more than one species were used for one product as well as most of the species being trees with multiple uses. This study has also provided some evidence that P. angolensis and S. madagascariensis can benefit from shifting cultivation and fire, which encourages coppice regeneration. More research is required to further validate this evidence.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die moontlikhede wat inligting oor spesifieke plantprodukte bied, in die betrekking van plaaslike gemeenskappe in die proses van gesamentlike bosbestuurs- en beplanningspraktyke. Verder word riglyne opgestel aangaande die volhoubaarheid van die gesamentlike bestuurs- en beplanningspraktyke in die Derre miombo bosveld, in die Zambézia Provinsie in Mozambique. Inligting verkry vanuit die deelnemende opname dui aan dat in die vyf nedersettings wat ondersoek is, 46 houtagtige miombo spesies vir ten minste 29 verskillende doeleindes aangewend word. Vyf van die spesies (Brachystegia boehmii, B. spiciformis, Pterocarpus angolensis, Terminalia sericea en Swartzia madagascariensis) is geselekteer vir gebruik in analises as gevolg van hul benutbaarheid deur plaaslike inwoners en die feit dat minimale inligting beskikbaar is oor die impak van gebruik van die harde hout spesies op hul volhoubare benutting en voortbestaan. 'n Opname van houtagtige spesies is uitgevoer in areas wat val in een van twee bosgrondgebruiks kategoriee nl. areas wat selektief geoes en benut word, en braaklande (ongeveer 15 jaar oud). Dit is gedoen om die impak wat verwydering van boshulpbronne deur mense op die boomkruin populasies het, vas te stel. Die opname strategie is gevolg in 23 ha persele, uitgelê in die gebiede wat die Golombe, Arame en Mphoto nedersettings omring - in die geval van laasgenoemde nedersetting is slegs die impak van selektiewe benutting ondersoek. Die populasie struktuur van die vyf studiespesies (T sericea, S. madagascariensis, P. angolensis, B. boehmii en B. spiciformis) het verkil vir elk van die drie nedersettings wat ondersoek is. Die verspreiding van grootte klasse vir die eerste spesie, het aangedui dat die spesie vir gebruik as konstruksie pale geoes word. Die miombo bosveld plantegroei-tipe dra by tot die lewensonderhoud van plaaslike gemeenskappe in die vorm van plant produkte, in die Derre omgewing. Daar is verder gevind dat meer as een spesie dikwels vir dieselfde doel aangewend kan word en die meeste van die spesies wat benut word is boomagtig met meer as een gebruik. In die studie is verder aanduidings gevind dat P. angolensis en S. madagascariensis kan baatvind by grondverbouings praktyke wat gereeld verskuif word en ook brande, omdat beide praktyke kreupelhout regenerasie stimuleer. Verdere navorsing word egter benodig om dié bevinding te ondersteun.
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Carvalheiras, João António de Sousa. "Estudo da reciclagem de resíduos de fibras de vidro em geopolímeros, argamassas e telas de impermeabilização". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17198.

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Mestrado em Engenharia de Materiais
Desenvolveu-se uma parceria entre a Universidade de Aveiro, Ria Blades, S.A. e Saint-Gobain Weber Portugal, S.A. com objetivo de encontrar formas de aproveitamento dos resíduos de fibra de vidro produzidos na Ria Blades, S.A., que atualmente são depositados em aterro. O trabalho incidiu em três produtos-alvo: telas de impermeabilização, argamassas e geopolímeros. No que diz respeito às telas de impermeabilização, de base polimérica (poliuretano), os resíduos foram aplicados como agente de reforço. Estudou-se o efeito da incorporação das fibras na aderência, na resistência à tração e na durabilidade perante ciclos de gelo-degelo. Quando incorporadas fibras de vidro, registou-se um aumento na aderência ao suporte relativamente à amostra padrão e um crescimento (de cerca de 20 vezes) na resistência à tração. Na incorporação em argamassas bastardas, o objetivo foi perceber o efeito da substituição das fibras poliméricas atualmente usadas, pelas fibras de vidro residuais. Estudou-se o efeito na percentagem de ar incorporado e densidade do amassado, bem como a variação de massa e de dimensão, módulo de elasticidade, resistência à compressão e flexão do produto endurecido. A incorporação de fibra de vidro não aparenta prejudicar o desempenho das argamassas, sendo os resultados semelhantes nas amostras padrão. Apesar de as quantidades incorporadas serem apenas de 0,1%, é possível que a utilização destes resíduos tenha impactos economicamente positivos para as duas empresas. Nos geopolímeros, a incorporação das fibras de vidro pretendeu explorar dois efeitos distintos: (i) como ligante, em substituição parcial de metacaulino (até 40% em massa); (ii) como agente de reforço da mistura. Numa primeira fase, foi necessário caracterizar as matérias primas e os resíduos para respeitar as razões molares que asseguram uma maior extensão da reação. Foram avaliadas a densidade aparente, resistência à compressão, absorção de água ao longo do tempo de cura e ainda a resistência à flexão no caso de as fibras funcionarem como agente de reforço. Como substituto parcial do metacaulino verifica-se uma descida na resistência à compressão com o aumento de resíduo de fibra de vidro. No entanto com a otimização da formulação com 20% de fibras de vidro foi possível duplicar o valor da resistência à compressão (> 8MPa). Como agente de reforço, os resultados mostram ganhos de resistência à compressão de 4 vezes quando se incorporam fibras de 6mm de comprimento, relativamente a amostras sem reforço. O uso de fibras mais longas (20mm) é mais eficaz no aumento da resistência à flexão.
A partnership has been developed between the University of Aveiro, Ria Blades, S.A. and Saint-Gobain Weber Portugal, S.A. in order to find a way to recycle the glass-fibre residues produced from Ria Blades, S.A. that are currently being send to landfill. Three possible target-products were exploited: waterproofing membrane, mortars and geopolymers. On the waterproofing membrane, based on polyurethane, the residues were incorporated as reinforcing agents and effects on adhesion, tensile strength and resistance to freeze-thaw cycles were determined. An increase of 20 times on the tensile strength has been registered, relatively to the standard sample. On mortars, the aim was to understand the effect of the substitution of the currently used reinforcing-fibres for the wasted glass-fibres. Fresh-state properties such as the entrained air content and density were evaluated. The effect on relevant hardened-state properties was then studied, including the variation of mass and dimensions, the compressive and flexural strengths, and elastic modulus. The behaviour of the mortars doesn’t seem to be affected by the incorporation of glass-fibres because the results from both the mortars with and without glass-fibres are similar. Although the quantity of incorporated glass-fibres is only around 0,1%, its use may have positive economic benefits for both companies. In geopolymers, the incorporation of wasted glass-fibres aimed to explore two distinct effects: (i) use as binder, partially substituting the metakaolin (up to 40 wt.%); (ii) use as reinforcing agent of common matrixes. On the first stage it was necessary to characterize both the raw materials and the glass-fibres, in order to achieve the desirable molar ratios that assure an extended reaction. Hardened samples were characterized in terms of density, compressive strength and water absorption. In the attempted reinforced geopolymers the flexural strength was additionally tested. When the glass-fibres were used as partial substitute of metakaolin, a drop of the compressive strength was observed for higher contents of glass-fibres. Optimizing the mixture for 20 % of glass-fibres allowed to duplicate the compressive strength (> 8 MPa). When 6 mm glass-fibres were used as a reinforcing agent, the compressive strength increased 4 times when compared to samples without reinforcement. Using 20 mm fibres is the most effective way of improving flexural strength.
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"A study on mechanical behavior of structural composites reinforced with wheat straw fibers and their use as building materials". Tulane University, 2007.

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The purpose of this feasibility study was to examine the experimental behavior, environmental performance of oriented straw cable composites, and begin to develop a model of the composite. The material is made of wheat straws bound in cables of 50.8 mm (2 in.) diameter which were then used to reinforce a low strength cementititous matrix Several different components of the material were tested in a series of compression, tension, and bending tests. Tension test were performed on individual wheat straws and straw cables. Behavior of the straw cables, cable bundles, and oriented straw composite short columns were examined in compression. Larger scale experiments were conducted for oriented straw cable beams; they were tested in four point bending tests. Parameters such as length and straw type were examined in these tests. Comparing the compression tests performed on these low strength cementitious matrix samples with oriented straw cable reinforced cementitious matrices it was shown that the load carrying capacity was increased by more than 200%. A total of 65 different specimens were tested and the number of specimens was limited by the delivery of the production company A finite element modeling program ABAQUS was used to conduct finite element analysis (FEA) of the wheat straw and straw cables in tension and compression. The material properties for the model were obtained from both measured properties and literature sources available. The results obtained from experiments were in good agreement with the finite element models The environmental impacts of production and construction of the material was investigated by means of life cycle assessment (LCA) technique. A simple wall system was selected as the unit for the analysis and the life cycle impact assessment results were compared with a timber wall system. The comparisons showed production, construction, and disposal of an oriented straw cable composite wall system had larger environmental impact scores than a system constructed with timber in most of the impact categories mostly due to the cementitious matrix component of the composite The feasibility study showed that the material can be a good candidate for structural construction. The composite can offer an inexpensive, locally available, and environmentally friendly construction material that can be used in regions where these criteria are critical for housing needs
acase@tulane.edu
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(5930906), Jacob J. Torres. "The Biowall Field Test Analysis and Optimization". Thesis, 2019.

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A residential botanical air filtration system (Biowall) to investigate the potential for using phytoremediation to remove contaminants from indoor air was developed. A full scale and functioning prototype was installed in a residence located in West Lafayette, Indiana. The prototype was integrated into the central Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system of the home. This research evaluated the Biowall operation to further its potential as an energy efficient and sustainable residential air filtration system.

The main research effort began after the Biowall was installed in the residence. A field evaluation, which involved a series of measurements and data analysis, was conducted to identify treatments to improve Biowall performance. The study was conducted for approximately one year (Spring 2017-Spring 2018). Based on the initial data set, prioritization of systems in need of improvement was identified and changes were imposed. Following a post-treatment testing period, a comparison between the initial and final performances was completed with conclusions based on this comparison.

The engineering and analysis reported in this document focus on the air flow path through the Biowall, plant growth, and the irrigation system. The conclusions provide an extensive evaluation of the design, operation, and function of the Biowall subsystems under review.


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Książki na temat "Plant fibers as building materials"

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S, Sobral H., Universidade Federal da Bahia i RILEM, red. Vegetable plants and their fibres as building materials. London: Chapman and Hall, 1990.

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Ingenieurbiologie, Verein für, i European Federation for Soil Bioengineering, red. Ingenieurbiologie: Handbuch Bautypen = Génie biologique : manuel de construction = Ingegneria naturalistica : quaderno delle opere tipo = Soil bioengineering : construction type manual = Ingeniería biológica : manual técnico. Zürich: Vdf Hochschulverlag an der ETH, 2007.

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Monti, Andrea. Kenaf: A Multi-Purpose Crop for Several Industrial Applications: New insights from the Biokenaf Project. London: Springer London, 2013.

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Ilvessalo-Pfäffli, Marja-Sisko. Fiber atlas: Identification of papermaking fibers. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Jindal, Ajay. Textile raw materials. Chandigarh, India: Abhishek Publications, 2007.

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Bolton, James. Plant fibres in composite materials: A review of technical challenges and opportunities. Vancouver, B.C: University of British Columbia, 1997.

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Ballast, David Kent. Glass fiber reinforcement in building materials. Monticello, Ill., USA: Vance Bibliographies, 1988.

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1942-, Kennedy John F., Phillips Glyn O, Williams Peter A i Cellucon '98 Finland (1998 : Turku, Finland), red. Cellulosic pulps, fibres and materials. Cambridge, England: Woodhead Pub., 2000.

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Thomas, Abraham, red. High performance fibers: Materials, forms, new developments, applications, and markets. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1987.

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Li͡asin, V. F. Novye oblit͡sovochnye materialy na osnove stekla. Moskva: Stroĭizdat, 1987.

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Części książek na temat "Plant fibers as building materials"

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Rao, Sudhakar M. "Stabilization of Adobes by Plant Fibers". W Stabilization of Earthen Building Materials by Select Native Binders, 135–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48987-7_5.

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Bao, Hanzhe, i Zidong Liu. "Manufacturing Process of Recycling Corn Fiber, A Low-tech Materials for Modular Construction". W Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication, 408–17. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_34.

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AbstractThe research demonstrates a novel approach to using various parts of maize plants (leaves, fruits, and kernels) to create building materials that can be modularized for construction purposes. Corn is widely grown as an agricultural crop, but after the removal of the fruit, the remaining parts are often discarded and contribute significantly to environmental pollution. Currently, only a few companies are engaged in the recycling of maize into building materials. However, existing methods of recycling corn have various limitations such as high energy consumption, a requirement for skilled workers on-site, and extensive equipment needs. In this project, we aim to reduce reliance on equipment, skilled craftsmanship and material resources to make the design compatible with traditional building methods for low-income areas. We first analyzed the material properties of each part of the corn and found corn husks to be the most efficient for extraction. Additionally, we obtained adhesives from the waste fruit. Finally, we designed assembly units and assembled two sturdy and reliable chairs to verify the feasibility of our workflow. The low technical, equipment, and cost requirements of this material make it possible for modular construction to be replicated in local communities, thus promoting community participation and self-management in construction.
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Singh, B., M. Gupta, Hina Tarannum i Anamika Randhawa. "Natural Fiber-Based Composite Building Materials". W Cellulose Fibers: Bio- and Nano-Polymer Composites, 701–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17370-7_24.

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Picandet, Vincent. "Characterization of Plant-Based Aggregates". W Bio-aggregate-based Building Materials, 27–74. Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118576809.ch2.

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Amziane, Sofiane, Vincent Nozahic i Mohammed Sonebi. "Water Absorption of Plant Aggregate". W Bio-aggregates Based Building Materials, 73–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1031-0_3.

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Baley, Christophe, Mohamed Ragoubi i Ahmed Koubaa. "Plant Fibers as Polymer Reinforcement: Evolution of Selection Criteria". W Springer Proceedings in Materials, 67–75. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2000-2_9.

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Munoz, Philippe, i Didier Pipet. "Plant-Based Concretes in Structures: Structural Aspect - Addition of a Wooden Support to Absorb the Strain". W Bio-aggregate-based Building Materials, 267–88. Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118576809.ch8.

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Tounsadi, H., M. Bellaouchi, N. Idrissi, M. Taleb, B. Echehab, F. Abkal, N. Barka i Zakia Rais. "Review About Plant Fibers and Their Composites in Morocco: Description and Utilization in Construction Materials". W Springer Proceedings in Materials, 47–62. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2000-2_7.

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Nguyen, Dang Mao, Anne-Cécile Grillet, Thi My Hanh Diep, Thi Vi Vi Do, Chi Nhan Ha Thuc i Monika Woloszyn. "Hygric and Thermal Insulation Properties of Building Materials Based on Bamboo Fibers". W Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 508–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6713-6_50.

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Armenta-Molina, Alejandra, Abraham Villanueva-García, Gilberto Soto-Mendoza, Salatiel Pérez-Montejo, Pablo Ruiz-López, Juan Alfonso Beltrán-Fernández, Luis Héctor Hernández-Gómez i Guillermo M. Urriolagoitia-Calderón. "Structural Vibrations in a Building of a Nuclear Power Plant Caused by an Underground Blasting". W Advanced Structured Materials, 81–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39062-4_8.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Plant fibers as building materials"

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Audouin, Marie, Nicolas Philippe, Fabien Bernardeau, Mariann Chaussy, Sergio Pons Ribera, Patricia Bredy Tuffe, Antoine Gasparutto, Florian Chalencon, Laetitia Bessette i Pierre Bono. "Substitution of Synthetic Fibers by Bio-Based Fibers in a Structural Mortar". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.472.

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The use of bio-based material is now widespread in insulation concrete, for example hemp concrete. The bio-based materials in concrete provide many advantages: lightness, sound and thermal insulation, hydrothermal regulation while contributing to a reduction in the environmental impact due to the carbon capture during the plant growth. The development of materials incorporating plant is therefore an important objective for the construction. The next step will be to introduce bio-based materials in structural mortars and concretes. The project FIBRABETON proposes to substitute synthetic or metallic fibers by natural fibers in screed and slab. After a selection of biomass on the resources availability, separation and fractionation are the key step in processing to obtain technical natural fibers. Bulk fiber shaping and packaging methods for easy handling and transportation are tested. Then, functionalization of technical natural fibers by physical & chemical treatments to improve the durability with cement paste is carried out. The second step concerns the introduction of treated or not treated fibers in mortar and concrete formulations. The variation of the nature of the biomass, fibers shape and dosage in concrete are studied. The workability, the compressive strength and withdrawal resistance are measured in order to obtain the best formulation parameters. The evolution of properties over time is also evaluated. The project FIBRABETON is carried out with ESTP, FRD and Vicat and is subsidized by ADEME, Grand Est region and FEDER.
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Tchiotsop, Junior, Nabil Issaadi, Philippe Poullain i Stéphanie Bonnet. "Effect of Plant Fibres on the Variability of Cob Materials". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.405.

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Earthen materials have different nature components and present a high variability comparing to conventional materials; researchers try to settle it down for a future normalization as environmentally efficient material. But there is a need in energy to do it, either directly (compaction, organic matter extraction, particle screening to get the best particle size distribution ...) or indirectly by including inefficient materials from an environmental perspective (cement, limestone ...). The aim of this study is to follow the variability problematic of cob materials by comparing and understanding variation level of the hygrothermal characteristics due to fibres nature and fibres content. We found that plant fibres (hemp, flax and hay) act as a stabilizer for dry bulk density; at 1% fibres substitute, hemp fibre composites show the highest coefficient of variation on the thermal properties (6.1% on thermal conductivity, 18.74% on specific heat capacity) but flax fibres show the highest mean values. Increasing hay stalk content induces the spread of the hygrothermal properties inside their range of variaation.
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Rakhsh Mahpour, Ali, Monica Ardanuy, Heura Ventura, Joan Ramon Rosell i Josep Claramunt. "Rheology, Mechanical Performance and Penetrability through Flax Nonwoven Fabrics of Lime Pastes". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.480.

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The use of plant fibers as a reinforcement for fragile matrices could be an option to improve the sustainability of the construction materials. These reinforcements can be in different forms as short fibers, long fibers or woven or nonwoven fabrics. The mechanical performance of the composites is significantly related to the adhesion between the matrix and the fibers. In the case of nonwoven reinforcement, to get good adhesion, the penetration of the paste is a key point. That is why this study addresses the relationship between rheology, penetration through the nonwoven fabrics and the mechanical properties of various lime pastes with different contents of water and metakaolin (MK). The effect of the binder’s grinding is also evaluated. The results indicate that MK pastes with higher w/b ratios penetrate better into nonwovens, Grinding has a negative effect on penetrability despite improving the mechanical properties of the pastes.
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Ajouguim, Soukaina, Jonathan Page, Chafika Djelal, Mohamed Waqif i Latifa Saadi. "Performance of Alfa Fibres in Cementitious Materials Exposed to Diverse Surface Treatments". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.660.

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Alfa plant presents a great ecological and socio-economic interest in the Maghreb countries. It is used in several fields of applications such as craft production and paper industry. However, a few research work has been realized on the valorisation of Alfa fibres in the construction sector. The main objective of this work is to develop an Alfa fibre-reinforced mortar with significant mechanical properties for the facade panel’s manufacturing. It was highlighted that Alfa fibres enhance the flexural strength of reinforced mortars. Therefore, a decrease in the flexural strength of the composite after 90 days of curing. In addition, the incorporation of Alfa fibres reduced the compressive strength of the composite. In this regard, to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite, various treatments were explored: alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide, hydrothermal treatment by water boiling, and coating with sulfoaluminate cement. It was noted that the treatments could provide a partial elimination of the non-cellulosic components and enhance the Alfa fibre roughness. Raw and treated Alfa fibres were incorporated into cement mortars at different lengths of the (10 and 20 mm) with an addition ratio of 1 %vol.. Compared to untreated fibres, fibres treated chemically provide an improvement of 38 % of the flexural strength at 28 days for both fibres length. Unlike the coated fibres, the efficiency of treatment was noted at 90 days of curing. Otherwise, a slight increase in compressive strength was observed compared to the untreated fibres mortar. These results were approved by porosity accessible to water and calorimetric tests.
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Nouri, Mustapha, i Mahfoud Tahlaiti. "A Dual-Scale Numerical Model for the Diffusive Behaviour Prediction of Biocomposites Based on Randomly Oriented Fibres". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.584.

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This work aims to present a multi-scale numerical approach based on a 2D finite element model to simulate the diffusive behaviour of biocomposites based on randomly dispersed Diss fibres during ageing in water. So, first of all, the diffusive behaviour of each phase (fibres/matrix) as well as of the biocomposite was determined experimentally. Secondly, the microstructure of the biocomposite was observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and then regenerated in a Digimat finite element calculation software thanks to its own fibre generator: "Random fibre placement". Finally, the diffusion problem based on Fick's law was solved on the Abaqus finite element calculation software. The results showed an excellent agreement between the experiment and the numerical model. The numerical model has enabled a better understanding of the diffusive behaviour of water within the biocomposite, in particular the effect of the fibre/matrix interface. In terms of durability, the layered structure of this biocomposite has proven to be effective in protecting the plant fibres from hydrothermal transfer, which preserves the durability of the material.
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Grassi, Giulia, Aikebaier Erken i Ingrid Paoletti. "Organic Brick". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.595.

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Clay is one of the earliest known material used in construction, and the most widely used building material on the planet. Our ancestors have performed the tasks of mixing water with dust to make clay, then shaping it into bricks, bricks into buildings, and buildings into cities for more than ten thousand years. In recent years, 3D printing technology has become increasingly popular thanks to its ability to manufacture complex morphologies and to optimize physical and mechanical properties for specific applications. This study investigates customized 3D clay bricks as a new building material (building component) by employing resources that are eco-friendly, locally available, inexpensive, and driven from recycled sources or waste streams. In this experiment, four different fiber types have been investigated with different clay treatment. The specimens were fabricated in the laboratory and tested with unconfined compression loading. The strength and ductility of the clay specimens were then analyzed based on the experiment results. Several experiments have been conducted during the study for understanding the effects of different fibers when mixed with clay in order to identify which type of fibers and which size has the most effective influence on its compression strength. Furthermore, it has been tested also the water absorption of the 3D printed brick. A case study has been developed to show the actual potential of 3D printed clay bricks for a small housing complex. The project is located in a village near to Abuja, Nigeria, at a time of exponential population increase and associated lack of affordable housing. The 3D printed blocks embed a cooling function, thanks to their geometry and the presence of cooling pipes directly in the wall. The result is a highly flexible envelope, designed to be resilient and energy efficient.
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Dumanić, Daniela, Deana Breški i Sandra Juradin. "The use of fibers in cement stabilized base course of pavement". W 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1125.

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Nowadays, various materials are being analyzed as a possible component of pavement structure with the goal of using sustainable building materials and protecting the environment. Waste and recycled materials are added to pavement layers in order to improve it. Also, the possibility of using natural, renewable materials by incorporating them into existing standard materials is been examined. Cement-stabilized base course increases load-carrying capacity of the pavement but is prone to cracking which causes reflection cracks in an asphalt surface. Reinforcement of cement-stabilized base course can be achieved by the addition of fibers. Fibers added to the cement stabilization tend to prevent or delay the crack initiation and propagation by redistributing the resulting stresses. Considering the research conducted to-date and the need to use sustainable materials in combination with cement stabilization, some attempts are being made to achieve improvements of this pavement layer. Natural fibers are locally available, economical, renewable and degradable, and can be used as reinforcement. In the Mediterranean area, a possible source of cellulose fibers is found in the wild plant named Spanish Broom (Spartium junceum L). This paper offers an overview of research studies about fiber reinforcement of cement-stabilized base course. It also presents current research on Spanish Broom fibers in cement composites, as well as possible ways of obtaining and treating fibers. Based on the results of this research, a method for obtaining the fibers can be selected which might improve the mechanical properties of cement-stabilized course.
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Dikici, Birce, Samarth Motagi, Prahruth Kantamani, Suma Ayyagari, Gustavo Villarroel i Marwan Al-Haik. "Processing of Agricultural Biomass for Producing Reinforced Polymer Composites". W ASME 2019 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2019-1873.

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Abstract Fast growing plants or biomass wastes can be used as affordable and environmentally sustainable alternatives to synthetic insulation materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties (tensile strength and Young’s modulus) of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites as potential building materials. As a natural fiber, Bermuda grass seeds, conifer cones and pinecones are selected. The fundamental processes to develop nanofiber reinforced resin by processing agricultural waste fibers into nanocellulose is also investigated. Tensile tests are conducted to define stress/strain relationship. SEM tests are conducted to evaluate the surface topologies after fracture. The tensile fracture surfaces of composites were investigated. With the addition of Bermuda fibers, the stiffness of the vinyl ester sample was observed to increase by 624.2% compared to neat vinyl ester sample. With the addition of nanocellulose fibers, the stiffness of the composite was observed to increase by 53.3% compared to neat vinyl ester sample.
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Suda, Mitsunori, Wei Wang, Takanori Kitamura, Kanta Ito, Kenji Wada, Zhiyuan Zhang, Yuqiu Yang i Hiroyuki Hamada. "Delamination Behavior of Laminated Paper". W ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38099.

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Paper recycling is an effective way in reducing deforestation and energy consumption. Therefore recycling paper and paper products has been widely applied in many areas, such as packaging industry, furniture decoration, temporary structures in building and so on. Paper products are made from plant fibers and they are laminated materials. So it is of possible to generate interlaminar fracture in the use of paper products, especially in the construction made of paper such as paper tubes which have been used widely. In order to improve the interlaminar performance of paper products and then improve the construction performance of paper products, delamination behavior of laminated paper has been studied in this paper. By a series of peel tests, comparative analysis about different paperboard were carried out. The cause of delamination behavior of laminated paper was analysis based on the detailed observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
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Dabaieh, Marwa. "THE Z FREE HOME – INSPIRED BYVERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE". W HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15607.

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The Z Free Home is an eco-cycle home that is meant to represent a return to natural design solutions inspired by the passive and low environmental impact principles found in vernacular architecture. Throughout the centuries, vernacular building has exemplified climate resilience, resource efficiency and circular economic principles. The house will thus use these principles as design guidelines. It will be designed to offset all of its carbon emissions and aim to reach a negative carbon footprint. The Z Free Home will be built using bio-based fibres that can be repurposed from agriculture waste, meaning that when it is time to demolish the building, all its main components can be re-used again as building materials, food for animals, or biofuel. Even if an uninhabited Z Free Home is not demolished, most components will eventually rot and return to nature as compost. Building materials from the kitchen and toilet should however be recycled and reused so as to maintain the standard of zero waste. The house will be designed so as to construct in only 7 days with the help of 7 volunteers through a ‘do-it-yourself’ methodology and using only screwdrivers. All of these factors - zero energy, zero waste, zero carbon, zero labour cost (if you build it yourself), zero impact on the environment when the building is demolished – make the Z Free Home a unique challenge to design and build. This paper will discuss the methodological approach and show some preliminary results from the proposed low impact building envelope using natural materials (clay and plant-based materials like straw, reeds, wood, kenaf and jute) together with the passive and eco-cycle systems. As the project is still underway, this paper will describe outcomes to date and ending with a discussion on the next steps.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Plant fibers as building materials"

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Youngquist, John A., Brent E. English, Roger C. Scharmer, Poo Chow i Steven R. Shook. Literature review on use of nonwood plant fibers for building materials and panels. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-gtr-80.

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