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Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Pit toilet

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Artykuły w czasopismach

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Pit toilet”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Pit toilet"

1

Rao, Sudhakar M., and R. Malini. "Use of permeable reactive barrier to mitigate groundwater nitrate contamination from on-site sanitation." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 2 (2015): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2015.159.

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Nearly 50% of India's population depends on variants of pit-toilet systems for human waste disposal. Nitrate contamination of groundwater by pit-toilet leachate is a major environmental concern in the country as it sources a major proportion (50–80%) of potable water from aquifers. Therefore, minimizing nitrate contamination of groundwater due to leachate infiltration from pit-toilet systems is essential. Batch and column experiments demonstrated the capability of bentonite-enhanced sand (BES) specimens to reduce nitrate concentrations in synthetic solutions (initial NO3-N concentration = 22.7

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2

Jurmang, Comfort Isuwa. "Social Studies for Awareness of Toilet Facilities in Job to Achieve Environmental Sanitation." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 19 (December 2013): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.19.192.

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Social studies is a field of study concern with the study of people, places and environments. Ten children were randomly selected from five public primary schools in Jos to identify where people defecate through observations and interview. 100 % of the respondents did not know what water closet and lavatory are. Water closet is locally referred to as water system toilet. 100 % of them know toilet room, urinal, bathroom and pit latrines. Public institutions like Banks, Motor Parks, Fuel station and Public primary schools have different levels of provisions of toilets. Institutions that all have

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3

Nancy S, K. Mujibur Rahman, K. Mohamed Ali, Govindarajan PK, and Thirumeni S. "Why Villagers Use Toilets Only During Specific Time and Season? A Mixed-Methods Study in Rural Tamil Nadu." National Journal of Community Medicine 13, no. 12 (2022): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55489/njcm.131220222500.

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Background: Due to the efforts of sanitation promotion interventions in India, majority of the villagers started using toilets. But there is an inconsistency in toilet usage with regard to time and season. Objectives: The objectives were to determine the time and seasonal variations in toilet usage among villagers who use toilets and to identify the reasons for time and seasonal variations in toilet usage. Methodology: A community-based mixed-methods study was executed in the four field practice villages of UHTC, Villupuram. After IEC clearance, 405 individuals who were using an owned toilet w

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4

Rao, Sudhakar M., Lydia Arkenadan, Nitish V. Mogili, Saksham K. Atishaya, and Priscilla Anthony. "Bioremediation of pit toilet sewage." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 12, no. 2 (2017): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jenes.16.00020.

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5

Byansi, Jade Zziwa, Richard Mutabazi, Joel Buwaguzibwa, and Najib Bateganya Lukooya. "Enhancing waterborne toilets to reduce water usage in schools: experience from Kampala, Uganda." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 7 (2022): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i7.6s.

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Over 620 million children worldwide lacked a basic sanitation service at their school and 12% of schools have facilities that are not usable. In Kampala’s public primary school, the pupil to stance area stands at 57:1 as compared to the required 40:1 by the public health regulation of 2000. A number of waterborne toilets have been constructed in schools to change the pupil to stance ratio from 118:1 to 57:1 in the period 2012- 2018. However, the administrators of schools have denied 07% of the toilets in schools to be accessed by pupils in an effort to control water bills. Administrators prefe

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6

Byansi, Jade Zziwa, Richard Mutabazi, Joel Buwaguzibwa, and Najib Bateganya Lukooya. "Enhancing waterborne toilets to reduce water usage in schools: experience from Kampala, Uganda." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 7 (2022): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i7.6s.

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Over 620 million children worldwide lacked a basic sanitation service at their school and 12% of schools have facilities that are not usable. In Kampala’s public primary school, the pupil to stance area stands at 57:1 as compared to the required 40:1 by the public health regulation of 2000. A number of waterborne toilets have been constructed in schools to change the pupil to stance ratio from 118:1 to 57:1 in the period 2012- 2018. However, the administrators of schools have denied 07% of the toilets in schools to be accessed by pupils in an effort to control water bills. Administrators prefe

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7

Rao, Sudhakar M., Lydia Arkenadan, and Nitish V. Mogili. "Performance of modified twin pit toilet in Mulbagal town, Karnataka, India." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 3 (2018): 578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.159.

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Abstract Transformation of ammonium to nitrate upon sewage discharge to sub-surface environment exposes about 65 million households in rural and urban India to risks of drinking nitrate contaminated groundwater. Building on earlier research, a twin pit is modified in Mulbagal town, Karnataka, to remove nitrate in pit toilet sewage and is functional for nearly one year. The first pit serves as an anaerobic chamber, while the second pit facilitates aerobic reactions in the upper half and is equipped with a bio-barrier in its lower half. Quality of treated sewage is monitored by soil water sample

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8

Mkhize, Nosipho, Myra Taylor, Kai M. Udert, Teddy G. Gounden, and Chris A. Buckley. "Urine diversion dry toilets in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa: acceptance, use and maintenance through users' eyes." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 1 (2017): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.079.

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This study was part of the VUNA project aimed to develop an affordable sanitation system that produces a valuable fertiliser, reduces pollution of water resources and promotes health. Urine diversion dry toilets (UDDTs) simplify the on-site hygienisation of faeces and allow for nutrient recovery from urine. Social acceptance is vital for the implementation of the UDDT, because sanitation is only effective if the system not only provides a well-designed toilet and effective waste management, but also offers users a facility that caters to their needs and is sensitive to their cultural lifestyle

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9

Munamati, Muchaneta, Innocent Nhapi, and Shepherd N. Misi. "Types and distribution of improved sanitation technologies in sub-Saharan Africa." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 2 (2017): 260–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.123.

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Access to improved sanitation technologies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is very low. Despite the importance of improved sanitation technologies in sanitation monitoring, little attention has been given towards the types and distributions of improved sanitation technologies used in SSA. This paper presents an analysis of the distribution of improved sanitation technologies in SSA, with particular emphasis on factors influencing their distribution. Study data were derived from demographic health surveys, multiple indicator cluster surveys and World Bank Development Indicators. Results showed that

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10

Karkana, M. Z., and Adamu Muktar. "Assessment of Faecal Sludge Management in Nguru Town, Yobe State, Northeastern Nigeria." UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) 6, no. 1 (2021): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2161.024.

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The aim of the study is to assess faecal sludge management (FSM) in Nguru town, Nguru Local Government area of Yobe State. Random sampling method was used in the selection of respondents in six political wards of the study area. A total of 399 questionnaires were administered to respondents in the study area with the view to identify the types and current practices of faecal sludge management in the study area. The result of the study indicates that majority of the respondents 68% used pit latrine, 24% used water closet while 8% used other type of toilet facilities. However, on the excreta def

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