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Abousalim, Abdelhadi. "Micropropagation and micrografting of pistachio (Pistacia vera L. and Pistacia atlantica Desf.)". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8232.
Pełny tekst źródłaVatanpour-Azghandi, Ali. "Regeneration and micropropagation studies in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)". Thesis, University of Salford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313907.
Pełny tekst źródłaShuraki, Yahya Dehghani. "Pollen tube growth and fruit development of Pistacia". Title page, contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs5618.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaOnay, Ahmet. "In vitro organogenesis and embryogenesis of pistachio, Pistacia vera L". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12731.
Pełny tekst źródłaShahrokhi-Ebrahmi-Pour, Mariam. "Studies on species of Septoria causing leaf spots of pistachio (Pistacia vera)". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1985. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/b6fa9998-2c1f-41ae-981d-ab9bc177d958/1/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSheibani, Ahmad. "Tissue culture studies of Pistacia". Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238801.
Pełny tekst źródłaAL-Saghir, Mohannad Ghazi. "Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Pistacia (Anacardiaceae)". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28131.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Ben, Douissa Faouzia. "Étude chimique et biologique de Pistacia lentiscus L". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE18010.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the aim of valorization of plants extracts from Tunisian Pharmacopoeia, a phytochemical and biological study was realized on leaves of Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae), a well-known aromatic plant. In this manuscript the results are presented in two chapters: literature data, and experimental data. The latter part shows out the extraction procedures, the biological tests, the purification methods and structural elucidations of pure components. The biological evaluations concern the anti-inflammatory, mutagenesis/anti-mutagenesis, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidative effects. Polar extracts and the essential oil exhibited interesting activities. Chemical study of the essential oil revealed 46 different compounds with three major one, which were indicative of a presumed typical chemotype for the Tunisian lentisc leaves essential oil, compared to other Mediterranean species. The non volatile fraction was also analyzed and lead to the identification of twelve pure components. They were identified as : gallic acid, methyl benzoic ester, afzelin, myricitrin, 3-O-rutinosyl-myricetin, arbutin, b-glucopyranosyl-orcinol, b-glucopyranosyl para-hydroxybenzoic ester, 3,5-O-digalloyl-quinic acid, 3,5-O-digalloyl-a-quinic methyl ester, (1S,4R,6S)-1,8-epoxy-p-menthan-6-yl-O-b-glucopyranoside, and 3, 4, 5-trihydroxy-hexylidene acetic acid. In conclusion, this work is a complement of the literature data with the phytochemical study of leaves of P. Lentiscus from Tunisia. A link was established between its anti-inflammatory effects and its use as traditional medicine. Additionally, other activities have been demonstrated for the first time in this plant. This would open new perspectives concerning the used of these extracts as phytomedicines
Al-Barazi, Ziad. "Root formation and development in cuttings of Pistacia vera, Corylus avellana and Prunus avium in relation to applied auxins and auxin oxidation in Pistacia". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248888.
Pełny tekst źródłaGhoraishi, Khorasgani Seyed Reza. "Studies on the improvement of micropropagation of Pistacia mutica and P. vera". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248225.
Pełny tekst źródłaSharifi, Mohammad S. "Fractionations and analysis of trunk exudates from pistacia genus in relation to antimicrobial activity". Thesis, View thesis, 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/35517.
Pełny tekst źródłaSharifi, Mohammad S. "Fractionations and analysis of trunk exudates from pistacia genus in relation to antimicrobial activity". View thesis, 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/35517.
Pełny tekst źródłaA thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography.
Chaabani, Emna. "Eco-extraction et valorisation des métabolites primaires et secondaires des différentes parties de Pistacia lentiscus". Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG0714.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe development of Green chemistry, the depletion of petroleum resources and the awareness of the risks associated to the use of petroleum solvents have led to search a new alternatives to reduce the use of non-renewable petrochemical harmful solvents such as hexane. The objective of this thesis has consisted in the research of alternative solvents more respectful of health and environment for the eco-extraction of fatty acids and phenolic compounds from Pistacia lentiscus fruits and aromas from these leaves. A first in silico approach using the COSMO-RS predictions was supplemented by an experimental approach paired with chemometrics analysis. This led to selection of four alternative solvents, MeTHF for oil extraction, EtOAc for aromas extraction, EtOH/H2O (70/30) for polyphenols and flavonoids extraction and EtOH/H2O (80/20) for anthocyanins extraction. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory activity of MeTHF lipid extract and the antioxidant activity of aromatic and phenolic extracts of P. lentiscus were evaluated in vitro. Results showed that vegetable oil exhibited a potential anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting by 91.9% the release of (nitric oxide) NO in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, results highlighted the richness of the fruits in antioxidants. In fact, EtOH/H2O (80/20) extract showed a good antiradical activity (IC50 = 2.39 μg/ml) comparable to that of the synthetic antioxidant Trolox (IC50 = 2.56 μg / ml). In addition, the aromatic extract obtained with EtOAc showed an interesting anti-radical activity against DPPH (IC50 = 5.82 μg/ml)
Aydi, Abdelkarim. "Valorisation de quelques plantes médecinales [i.e. médicinales] issues de la flore tunisienne : extraction par CO2 supercritique". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0386.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe supercritical fluid extraction, using carbon dioxide, has several advantages over conventional methods of extraction such as the gain of time, selectivity and absence of extracted substances degradation. In this context, the extraction of myrtle flowers and Pistacia were studied by determining their optimal conditions for a good performance. This study showed for both plants high efficiency when working at high pressures in the order of 200 bars, at a low temperature of 40 ° C and for small particle sizes of the order of 220μm. The myrtle extract showed a better antioxidant activity than the essential oil of the same plant with an IC50 of about 30 μg / ml. The optimization of antioxidant extracts from Pistacia supercritical using CO2 showed different results from those for performance and we have good antioxidant activity for pressures of about 80 bars. At 84 bars, the study showed that we can have an extract with a better price-quality ratio for industrial supercritical installations of large sizes. The addition of extracts and essential oils to food products was enriching and has given an added value which can represent an innovation in the food industry. Finally, the experimental results for the extraction with supercritical CO2 of Pistacia extract were modeled through Sovova model (1994) for its reliability and the obtained numerical results agree with previous studies in the literature
Gambin, Belinda. "Vegetation history and climate dynamics in Malta : a Holocene perspective". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4384.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis investigates the Holocene vegetation dynamics for Burmarrad in north-west Malta and provides a pollen-based quantitative palaeoclimatic reconstruction for this centrally located Mediterranean archipelago. The pollen record from this site provides new insight into the vegetation changes from 7280 to 1730 cal BP which correspond well with other regional records. The climate reconstruction for the area also provides strong correlation with southern (below 40oN) Mediterranean sites. The interpretation suggests an initially open landscape during the early Neolithic, surrounding a large palaeobay, developing into a dense Pistacia scrubland ca. 6700 cal BP. From about 4450 cal BP the landscape once again becomes open, coinciding with the start of the Bronze Age on the archipelago. This period is concurrent with increased climatic instability (between 4500 and 3700 cal BP) which is followed by a gradual decrease in summer moisture availability in the late Holocene. During the early Roman occupation period (1972 to 1730 cal BP) the landscape remains generally open with a moderate increase in Olea. This increase corresponds to archaeological evidence for olive oil production in the area, along with increases in cultivated crop taxa and associated ruderal species, as well as a rise in fire events. This thesis also provides a synthesis with the results from another core (BM1) taken from the same catchment area, as well as results of a preliminary modern surface pollen rain study. The Maltese archipelago provides important insight into vegetation, human impacts and climatic changes in an island context during the Holocene
Hoppen, Carolina. "Efeitos do estresse biótico na expressão de terpenos em plantas: Varronia curassavica Jacq. and Pistacia palaestina Boiss". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3260.
Pełny tekst źródłaOs terpenos constituem a classe de produtos naturais com maior diversidade química e estrutural, estando associados ao metabolismo das plantas e às interações destas com outros organismos. Estes compostos, as enzimas que os sintetizam e as plantas que os produzem são amplamente estudados em diferentes aspectos. Para melhor compreensão da expressão de terpenos em plantas sob estresse biótico, as espécies Varronia curassavica e Pistacia palaestina foram estudadas neste trabalho. Folhas de V. curassavica contém óleo essencial rico em sesquiterpenos com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, especialmente α-humuleno and β-cariofileno. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as respostas do seu metabolismo em função da aplicação de dois eliciadores naturais no conteúdo de sesquiterpenos de V. curassavica. Para isso, as plantas receberam a aplicação de acibenzolar-S-metil (500 mg L-1), 1,6 β-D-glucano obtido a partir de Lasiodiplodia theobromae (50 mg L-1) e água destilada como controle, sendo realizada as avaliações de trocas gasosas, atividade das enzimas fenilalanina amônia-liase, superóxido dismutase, peroxidase e catalase, bem como a análise química do óleo essencial. Acibenzolar-S-metílico reduziu significativamente a taxa líquida de assimilação de carbono e a concentração intercelular de CO2, enquanto que 1,6 β-D-glucano reduziu significativamente apenas a concentração intercelular de CO2. O maior rendimento de óleo essencial (0.819%) foi obtido em plantas eliciadas por 1,6 β-D-glucano. As proporções relativas e a quantidade de α-humuleno e β-cariofileno não diferiram entre os tratamentos, porém os eliciadores aumentaram significativamente a atividade da enzima guaiacol peroxidase. Os terpenos estão presentes nas folhas e galhas de Pistacia palaestina. Apesar do mecanismo de desenvolvimento das galhas ainda não ter sido completamente elucidado, sabe-se que espécies de afídeos como Baizongia pistaciae L. manipulam anatomicamente, fisiologicamente e quimicamente as plantas hospedeiras em seu benefício. Por este motivo, o isolamento e a caracterização funcional dos genes que codificam terpeno sintases em galhas induzidas por B. pistaciae, bem como sua expressão relativa por RT-qPCR em folhas e galhas de P. palaestina foram os objetivos deste trabalho. A expressão heteróloga foi realizada em E. coli pLYS-BL21, sendo as reações enzimáticas feitas com proteínas purificadas e usando geranil difosfato (GPP) ou farnesil difosfato (FPP) para testar a atividade das enzimas como mono- e sesquiterpeno sintases, respectivamente. Para o experimento de RT-qPCR, foi selecionado um gene referência entre actina, ciclofilina, fosfoglicerato quinase, RNA polimerase II, α-tubulina e ubiquitina. Em seguida, realizaram-se reações com as terpeno sintases para avaliar as diferenças nos níveis de expressão em folhas não colonizadas e galhas. Foram isoladas e caracterizadas duas monoterpeno sintases (PpTPS281 e PpTPS809) e uma sesquiterpeno sintase (PpTPS232) em P. palaestina. PpTPS281 produziu exclusivamente D-limoneno a partir de GPP, enquanto PpTPS809 produziu vários monoterpenos a partir de GPP e PpTPS232 catalisou a formação de diferentes sesquiterpenos a partir de FPP. Os resultados da RT-qPCR mostraram que o gene actina é o mais apropriado para ser usado na comparação de expressão de genes de folhas não colonizadas e galhas induzidas por B. pistaciae. Os níveis de expressão dos três genes foram significativamente aumentados em galhas (de 2,21- a 96.5-vezes), quando comparados com folhas.
Terpenes are a large and diverse class of natural products, being associated with plant metabolism and interactions with other organisms. Nowadays compounds and enzymes of the terpenes pathway in plants are widely studied in different aspects. Varronia curassavica and Pistacia palaestina were the selected species to study the biotic stress effects on terpenoids expressions. Leaves of V. curassavica are the commercial source α-humulene and β-caryophyllene, sesquiterpenes with anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two natural elicitors on the sesquiterpene content of V. curassavica. Thus, field grown plants received the application of acibenzolar-S-methyl (500 mg L-1), 1,6 -D-glucan obtained from Lasiodiplodia theobromae (50 mg L-1) and distilled water as a control. Gas exchange rate, terpene enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and catalase activity and essential oil content in leaves were measured. Acibenzolar-S-methyl reduced significantly the net carbon assimilation rate and the intercellular CO2 concentration, while1,6 -D-glucan reduced significantly only the intercellular CO2 concentration. The highest essential oil yield (0.819%) was obtained in plants elicited with 1,6 -D-glucan. The content of α-humulene and β-caryophyllene did not differ among treatments however the elicitors provided a significant increase in guaiacol peroxidase activity. Terpenes are present in Pistacia palaestina in leaves and in horn-shaped galls. The mechanism of gall development remains unknown, however it is clear Baizongia pistaciae L., an aphid species, manipulates their hosts anatomy, physiology, and chemistry for their own benefit. To isolate and functional characterize terpene synthase genes from galls induced by B. pistaciae as well as their gene relative expression by RT-qPCR in leaves and galls of P. palestina were the aims of this study. The heterologous expression was performed in E. coli pLYS-BL21 cells, being enzymatic assay reactions made with the purified proteins using geranyl diphosphate (GPP) or farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) to test for possible mono- and sesquiterpene synthase activity, respectively. For relative real-time PCR, it was selected an appropriate reference gene between actin, cyclophilin, phosphoglycerate kinase, RNA polymerase II, α-tubulin and ubiquitin. After selection, it was performed reactions with terpene synthases genes to evaluate differences in expression levels in P. palaestina non-colonized leaves and galls. Two monoterpene synthases (PpTPS281 and PpTPS809) and one sesquiterpene synthase (PpTPS232) were isolated and characterized in P. palaestina. PpTPS281 produced exclusively D-limonene from GPP, while PpTPS809 produced several monoterpenes from GPP and PpTPS232 catalyzed the formation of different sesquiterpenes from FPP. Real-time PCR results showed that actin is the most proper gene to be used for genes expression studies between non-colonized P. palaestina leaves and galls induced by B. pistaciae. The levels of expression of the genes were significantly upregulated in galls (from 2,21- to 96.5-fold) when compared to leaves.
Muller, Anton Michael. "The effects of rest breaking agents, pruning and evaporative cooling on budbreak, flower bud formation and yield of three pistachio (Pistacia Vera L.) cultivars in a climate with moderate winter chilling". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20449.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: The climate around Prieska differs from other pistachio growing regions in the world in that it receives fewer winter chilling units, has higher maximum temperatures during winter and spring and receives summer rainfall. This possibly results in the observed delayed foliation, flower bud and inflorescence abortion, low fruit set and other flowering disorders, which lower yield potential. In order to increase yields, winter pruning, evaporative cooling and chemical rest breaking were investigated on ‘Ariyeh’, ‘Shufra’ and ‘Sirora’ pistachio trees. Tip-pruning (to remove <2.5cm) and severe heading cuts (to remove 35-45%) of one-year old wood were compared and 4% hydrogen cyanimide (Dormex®), 4% mineral oil (Budbreak®) as well as the combination (0.5% Dormex® + 4% Budbreak®) used as rest breaking agents. Bud break, reproductive bud differentiation, die-back, flower bud retention during winter and early summer as well as yield were evaluated. The results emphasised the interaction of rest breaking and pruning effects, with genetic chill requirements and environmental influences - specifically winter chill build-up. Severe pruning was detrimental to flower bud formation as well as yield. The bud break data suggests that the ability of some rest breaking chemicals to promote lateral development may be explained by their potential to impede the development of apical dominance, rather than a direct effect on the lateral buds. The inability of the chemical treatments to increase yield consistently might indicate other factors involved or that the average winter chill of Prieska is below the minimum amount necessary for adequate rest breaking effects on yield. Evaporative cooling was used to counteract potential negative effects of high maximum day temperatures during autumn and spring on flower bud retention, fruit set and yield. Cooling during autumn (May + June, Southern hemisphere), spring (August + September, Southern hemisphere) and the combination of autumn + spring were investigated during two seasons. Flower bud retention during winter and early summer, flowering patterns, as well as yield were evaluated. The significant effects obtained with evaporative cooling - specifically in autumn + spring, indicated the important role climatic conditions play during both stages of entering and exiting dormancy of pistachio trees. Although all differences are not yet clearly understood, the fact that evaporative cooling resulted in substantially higher yields in the case of ‘Ariyeh’ and ‘Shufra’ in an area with sub-optimal pre-blossom temperatures and less than 40% of the required winter chill of pistachio, emphasises its potential in horticultural management.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Prieska se klimaat verskil van ander pistachio-produksie areas in die wêreld deurdat minder winterkoue-eenhede opgebou word, dit hoër maksimum temperature het gedurende die winter en lente en ’n somer-reënvalgebied is. Dit dra waarskynlik by tot die waargenome vertraagde bot, blomknop- en bloeiwyse abortering, lae vrugset en ander blom-afwykings. Aangesien hierdie faktore opbrengspotensiaal verlaag, is wintersnoei, verdampingsverkoeling en chemiese rusbreking ondersoek as moontlike bestuursoplossings. Tip- (om <2.5cm te verwyder) en topsnitte (om 35-45% te verwyder) van eenjarige lote is met mekaar vergelyk en 4% waterstofsianied (Dormex®), 4% minerale olie (Budbreak®) en hul kombinasie is as rusbrekers aangewend. Bot, blomknop-differensiasie, terug-sterwing, blomknopretensie gedurende winter en vroeë somer sowel as opbrengs is geëvalueer. Die resultate benadruk die onderlinge interaksie van rusbreking- en snoei-effekte met genetiese koue-behoeftes en omgewingseffekte - spesifiek die opbou van winterkoue. Topsnitte was nadelig vir blomknopvorming, sowel as opbrengs. Die bot-data doen aan die hand dat sommige chemiese rusbrekers se potensiaal om laterale breke te bevorder, verduidelik kan word deur hul vermoë om die ontwikkeling van apikale dominansie te onderdruk, eerder as ‘n direkte effek op die laterale knoppe. Die chemiese behandelings se onvermoë om opbrengs deurggaans te verbeter, mag daarop dui dat die gemiddelde winterkoue van Prieska laer is as die minimum hoeveelheid benodig alvorens chemiese rusbreker effekte op opbrengs verwag kan word. Potensiële negatiewe effekte van hoë maksimum dagtemperature gedurende die herfs en lente op blomknopretensie, vrugset en opbrengs is teengewerk deur middel van verdampingsverkoeling. Verkoeling gedurende herfs (Mei + Junie, Suidelike halfrond), lente (Augustus + September, Suidelike halfrond) en die kombinasie van herfs + lente is gedurende twee seisoene ondersoek. Blomknopretensie gedurende winter en vroeë somer, blompatrone, sowel as opbrengs is geëvalueer. Die betekenisvolle verskille verkry met verdampingsverkoeling, dui die belangrike rol aan wat klimaatstoestande gedurende beide stadiums van in-, sowel as uitgang uit dormansie speel in pistachiobome. Hoewel alle verskille nog nie verklaar kan word nie, dien die feit dat verdampingsverkoeling tot substansiële opbrengste in die geval van ‘Ariyeh’ en ‘Shufra’ kon lei in ‘n area met suboptimale voor-bot temperature en gemiddeld minder as 40% bevrediging van die kouebehoefte van pistachios, as beklemtoning van die belang daarvan as hortologiese bestuursmiddel.
Gutiérrez, Morales Andrea. "Anti-staphylococcal properties of Eichhornia crassipes, Pistacia vera, and Ziziphus amole leaf extracts: isolates from cattle and rabbits". Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de México, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/95125.
Pełny tekst źródłaZahoueh, Salim. "Influence de l'allocation des ressources à la reproduction sur la croissance d'une espèce dioique : "Pistacia terebinthus L." (Anacardiaceae)". Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20098.
Pełny tekst źródłaYousfi, Mohammed. "Etude des fractions lipidique et phénolique du pistachier de l'Atlas (Pistacia Atlantica), de la gale et du champignon inonotus hispidus associés". Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30027.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe chemical study of the lipidic and phenolic fractions of Pistacia atlanlica tree has been investigated. Except for the acid value, the physical and chemical examinations of the fruit oil are in agreement with most vegetable oils. The main fatty acids of the fruit oil were oleic, palmitic and linoleic. Triacylglycerols were analyzed by HPLC and the main species oftriacylglycerols were identified and quantified. The nature of fatty acids in the Sn-2 and Sn-1+3 glycerol positions have been determined by enzymatic hydrolysis using porcine pancreatic lipase. The Sn-2 position is occupied by the unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic). The main constituents of unsaponifiable matter have been analyzed. Qualitative and quantitative determination of tocopherols was carried out. The relative percentages of the sterolic compounds have been determined by gas chromatography and their structures identified by GC-MS. The quantification of the total phenolic compounds and flavonoids indicated that the different parts of the tree are rich in natural phenolic compounds. The antioxidant tests showed that the phenolic extracts have a strong antioxidant activity. The positive correlation between the TEAC and the amount of phenolic compounds confirms the contribution of the phenolic compounds to the antioxidant activity. Eleven phenolic compounds (gallic acid, gallic acid methyl ester, chlorogenic acid, luteoline, luteoline 7-glycoside, kampferol, naringine and naringine 7-glycoside, hispidine, hispolone and its methoxylated derivative) were isolated from leaves, fruits, gall and mushroom and characterized by NMR and MS. The results show that this tree is a promising source in natural phenolic products with very important antioxidant activities which justify the use of the various parts of the tree in traditional medicine
Mehrnejad, Mohammad Reza. "Evaluation of the parasitoid Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera : Encyrtidae) as a biocontrol agent of the common pistachio Psylla Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365464.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaaroufi, Zeineb. "Valorisation des extraits de quelques plantes aromatiques et médicinales de Tunisie en tant que nouvelles substances antileishmaniennes In vitro antileishmanial potentialities of essential oils from Citrus limon and Pistacia lentiscus harvested in Tunisia". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASQ012.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe valorization of bioactive molecules extracted from medicinal plants is a promising strategy in the search of active pharmaceutical ingredients for the treatment of leishmaniasis while overcoming problems of toxicity and resistance caused by conventional treatments.Three plant species were chosen namely Artemisia herba-alba, Citrus limon and Pistacia lentiscus and were each harvested from two different regions of Tunisia. Bioactive molecules were extracted to obtain an essential oil as well as aqueous and organic extracts. The in vitro antileishmanial activity of all these extracts was evaluated on two forms of Leishmania major parasite: axenic and intramacrophagic amastigotes. Extracts and essential oils showed significant antileishmanial potential. The activity depended both on the extract nature (extraction technique and / or the plant harvesting region) and on the form of the parasite (axenic or intramacrophage). For a matter of originality, Citrus limon acetone extract (Cext) was selected and encapsulated in a nanoemulsion (NE) stabilized by β-lactoglobulin (β-lg). This NE was composed of 80 % of aqueous phase (β-lg solution at 1.2 wt%) and 20 % oily phase (sesame oil (SO) or Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)). Cext encapsulation at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt% allowed to select the most active system toward intramacrophage amastigotes, the least toxic toward host cells and which did not interfere with NEs stability over time. Thus, MCT-based NE containing 0.1 % extract (Cext NE MCT) showed minimal cytotoxicity (Selectivity Index = 21.4 ± 6.1). Furthermore, despite its toxicity, SO-based NE (Cext NE SO) was also selected for the healing properties already described for SO. Finally, the antileishmanial efficacy evaluation in vivo was carried out by topical application of NEs containing or not the extract on cuteanous leishmaniasis lesions due to L. major in BALB/c mice. Results showed that the antileishmanial activity of the formulations depended significantly on the oil type. Cext NE MCT demonstrated the best efficacy revealed by a significant decrease in parasite load, stabilization of the lesion size, as well as a decrease in the skin inflammation. Results of treatment with NE MCT without extract showed that the chosen formulation contributes to antileishmanial efficacy through a synergistic effect. In addition, the extract encapsulation allowed to overcome toxicity observed with topical application of Cext MCT. On the other hand, the application of Cext NE SO produced neurological toxicity and no antiparasitic efficacy was noticed. However, Cext SO administered topically showed high treatment efficacy, by reducing the lesions size and the skin parasite load. Histological analysis of infected skin also showed wound healing. The antiparasitic efficacy of this formulation could be explained by penetration enhancement of the extract through the skin due to the presence in sesame oil of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic and linoleic acids. This study revealed the potential of lipid formulations potential as a local treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions
Khiari, Karim. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés thermo-physiques des biocarburants de seconde génération et leur influence sur le comportement des moteurs". Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMNA0314/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe world economic and industrial growths, as well as the demographic rapid progression, have increased the fossil energy demand. These last years, much of researches were directed towards new energy resources which can replace the conventional fossil fuels. The biofuels are renewable ecological fuels derived from biomass; they are classified as an ideal resource, non-toxic and renewable component with respect to the conventional Diesel. In this context, we were firstly interested to the production of the biofuels starting from a non-edible vegetable source widely available in the Mediterranean basin which is the Pistacia Lentiscus using two processes. The first one is a chemical method named “transesterification” and the second one is a thermochemical procedure called “solvolysis”. The biofuels physicochemical properties, measured via standard methods, are similar to those of Diesel fuel. A single cylinder, naturally aspirated DI Diesel engine is operated at 1500 rpm with either pure produced biofuels or their blends with Diesel fuel for several ratios (50, 30 and 5 v%) and engine load conditions. The combustion parameters, their blends are compared with those of Diesel fuel
Young, Deborah, Bob Beede i Talbott Starlings. "Pistachio Rootstock Evaluation". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215742.
Pełny tekst źródłaCall, Robert E., i Michael E. Matheron. "Effective Management Tools for Septoria Leaf Spot of Pistachio in Arizona". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220530.
Pełny tekst źródłaMatheron, Michael E., Michael W. Kilby i Robert Call. "Effect of Foliar Application of Benomyl on Severity of Septoria Leaf Spot on Pistachio in Southeastern Arizona". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220574.
Pełny tekst źródłaCall, Robert E., i Michael E. Matheron. "Managing Septoria Leaf Spot of Pistachio in Arizona With Fungicides". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223661.
Pełny tekst źródłaCall, Robert E., i Michael E. Matheron. "Fungicidal Performance in Managing Septoria Leaf Spot of Pistachio in Arizona". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223845.
Pełny tekst źródłaKilby, Michael W. "Seasonal Nutrient Content of Pistachio Leaves in Arizona". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215743.
Pełny tekst źródłaHernández, Alonso Pablo. "Health benefits of pistachio consumption in pre-diabetic subjects". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399537.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa prediabetes y la diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) son actualmente dos importantes problemas de salud pública. La prediabetes es un estado metabólico reversible entre la normoglicemia y la DT2, que se caracteriza por presentar resistencia a la insulina y se asocia a un mayor riesgo cardiovascular y de DT2. Puesto que los frutos secos son una matriz rica y compleja de diferente macronutrientes y micronutrientes y otras moléculas antioxidantes, pueden tener un papel modulador de la resistencia a la insulina mediante diferentes dianas. Entre los frutos secos, los pistachos tienen un perfil de nutrientes rico en antioxidantes, fibra y lípidos que pueden originar una mejora en el metabolismo de la glucosa. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar el efecto del consumo crónico de pistachos sobre parámetros relacionados con el metabolismo de la glucosa y la resistencia a la insulina. Se evaluó también el perfil lipídico, inflamatorio, oxidativo y de otros marcadores relacionados, además de la captación in vitro de glucosa en linfocitos y la expresión de ciertos genes. Evaluamos también la modulación de nuevos biomarcadores relacionados con la glicemia y de salud cardiovascular como microRNAs y lipoproteínas (tamaño y concentración). Nuestros resultados mostraron que el consumo crónico de pistachos, en el contexto de una dieta saludable, reduce el estado de insulinorresistencia en pacientes con prediabetes. De forma importante, el consumo de pistachos fue capaz de mejorar marcadores de inflamación y saciedad y un conjunto de genes relacionados con la inflamación y el transporte de glucosa, así como con el consumo de glucosa en linfocitos in vitro. Finalmente, mostramos una mejora significativa en microRNAs relacionados con DT2 y prediabetes, y en el perfil de lipoproteínas que puede reflejar una disminución en el riesgo cardiovascular. En conjunto, el consumo de pistachos parece efectivo para mejorar la pre-diabetes hacia un perfil metabólico más saludable.
Pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are considered two major public health problems. Pre-diabetes is a metabolic reversible state between normoglycemia and T2D which is characterized by insulin resistance and it is associated to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and T2D. As nuts are a rich and complex matrix of different macronutrients and micronutrients and other molecules such as antioxidants, they may have a modulatory role of insulin resistance via different targets. Among nuts, pistachios have a rich nutrient profile in antioxidants, fiber and fats which may lead to an improvement in glucose metabolism. Our objective was to analyze the effects of pistachio consumption on parameters related to glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Additionally, we evaluated the lipid profile, inflammatory, oxidative and other related markers, together with in vitro lymphocytes’ glucose uptake and the expression of certain genes. We also evaluated the modulation of novel disease biomarkers related to glycemic and cardiovascular health such as microRNAs and lipoproteins (size and concentration). Our results showed that chronic pistachio consumption, into the context of a healthy diet, reduced the insulin resistant state of the subjects with pre-diabetes. Importantly, pistachio consumption was also able to improve inflammatory and satiety markers and a set of genes linked to inflammation and glucose transport, together with in vitro lymphocytes’ glucose intake. Finally, we reported a significant improvement in microRNAs related to T2D and pre-D and in lipoprotein profile which may reflect a reduced cardiovascular risk. Overall, pistachio consumption seems effective to ameliorate the pre-diabetes state towards a healthier metabolic profile.
Ozsin, Gamzenur. "Production And Characterization Of Activated Carbon From Pistachio-nut Shell". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612892/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaNon-local Density Functional Theory&rdquo
and &ldquo
Monte Carlo Simulation&rdquo
method (NLDFT-Monte Carlo Simulation Method). BET surface areas of produced activated carbons were found from N2 adsorption data in the relative pressure range of 0.01 to 0.15. BET surface areas of phosphoric acid activated carbons by raw material activation method were found between 880 and 1640 m2/g. The highest value of the BET surface area was obtained in the case of the activated carbon which was produced with an impregnation ratio of 3/1 (g H3PO4/g raw material), at an activation temperature of 500 oC. The repeatibility was also investigated on phosphoric acid activated carbons which were produced with conventional raw matererial activation method. Results showed that, both the BET surface area values and pore size distributions were consistent among themselves. On the other hand char activation experiments with phosphoric acid produced activated carbons having lower BET surface areas than the ones obtained with raw material activation method by creating mesoporous structure. When the same char activation method was tried with potassium hydroxide, it was concluded that elevated temperatures could help in producing activated carbons with high BET surface areas by creating microporous structure. Results also showed that properties of activated carbon such as ash content, slurry pH value, true density, elemental composition, methylene blue number and surface morphology were strongly affected by both production conditions and production method, as pore structure was affected considerably.
Alizadeh, Eslami Hamid, i Kamola Nurullaeva. "Attractiveness of Swedish Market and Optimal Marketing Mix for Iranian pistachio". Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6257.
Pełny tekst źródłaProblem: To find out appropriate marketing strategies for Iraniandry-fruit company to enter the Swedish market.Purpose: To find out an optimal entry mode for “Nature’s PowerAB” to follow while entering Swedish market.Method: Exploratory research is used predominantly to gain adeeper understanding and insight of something. The designis far more flexible and dynamic than that of descriptiveresearch. The collected data helps us explore and learnabout the current situation of the Swedish market withreference to its uncontrollable and controllable elementsand also helps us develop a marketing mix for NaturePower AB.Conclusion: The conclusion of this Master Thesis has implications forpistachio importers to Sweden.
Kusmak, Michael T. "An analysis of the economic feasibility of a pistachio processing facility". Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/618.
Pełny tekst źródłaGhazanfari, Moghaddam Ahmad. "Machine vision classification of pistachio nuts using pattern recognition and neural networks". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq23988.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaYeganeh, Reza. "Contribution à l'amélioration de la torrefaction des pistaches". AgroParisTech, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGPT0049.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrank, William Arthur. "A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE SEASONAL POPULATION TRENDS AND DAMAGE ASSOCIATED WITH THRIPS AND PLANT BUGS IN ARIZONA PISTACHIOS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275235.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlavi-Naeini, Nasser. "An expert system for quality determination, purchasing and distributing harvested pistachio nuts at a processing plant". Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405542.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarett, Josh Michael. "The Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Pistachio Shells and Their Use in Water Actuating Smart Composites". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78902.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Cogliati, Dezza Irene. "“Vanilla, Vanilla .but what about Pistachio?” A Computational Cognitive Clinical Neuroscience Approach to the Exploration-Exploitation Dilemma". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/278730/3/Document1.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bushnell, Alison Helen. "The impact of a controlled 10-week pistachio feeding crossover trial on blood lipids and measures of adiposity". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1404.
Pełny tekst źródłaDaneshpour, Farnaz. "OPTIMIZING THE PISTACHIO SUPPLY CHAIN AND LOGISTICS NETWORK FOR FRESNO COUNTY USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS NETWORK ANALYSIS METHOD". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1336.
Pełny tekst źródłaZartaloudis, Zois. "Biology and control of the pistachio psyllid Agonoscena targionii (Lichtenstein) (Homoptera : Aphalaridae) for integrated pest management in northern Greece". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401948.
Pełny tekst źródłaŠmíd, Jiří. "Identifikace DNA rostlinných a živočišných druhů v potravinách použitím polymerázové řetězové reakce". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233389.
Pełny tekst źródłaAzuama, Onyedikachi Cecil. "Recherche de nouveaux actifs d'origine végétale contre le pathogène opportuniste de l'homme Pseudomonas aeruginosa Battling Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence with natural plant bioactive compounds Membrane-interactive compounds from Pistacia lentiscus L. thwart Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence Tackling Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence by mulinane-like diterpenoids from Azorella atacamensis Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence attenuation by extracts of Parastrephia terestiuscula, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family from the Atacama Desert area The absence of SigX results in impaired carbon metabolism and membrane fluidity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activation of the Cell Wall stress response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected by a Pf4 Phage Variant The temperature-regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cmaX-cfrX-cmp-X operon reveals an intriguing molecular network involving the Sigma factors AlgU and SigX". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR077.
Pełny tekst źródłaAntimicrobial resistance has become a great challenge in therapeutic medicine so much so that the World health organization forecasts the possibility of a post-antibiotic era where minor injuries may lead to mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the list of organisms that are highly resistant to conventional antibiotics, partly due to its broad genome, which facilitates the elaboration of virulence determinants and rapid adaptation to various environments, in addition to its inherent resistance mechanisms. In view of this, alternative measures of controlling microbial virulence activities using novel approaches that do not disturb its growth and viability, also known as anti-virulence strategy, are gaining wider attention. Since plants are repositories of several metabolites with chemical defense system against environmental pathogens, through ethnobotanical led studies, the effect of Pistacia lentiscus fruit extracts originating from Algeria and forty plant extracts originating from North-Chile were biologically and chemically evaluated with the aim of deciphering their anti-virulence effects against P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, this study tried to gain more insight into the bioactive compounds and possible mechanism of action. From the results obtained, selected plant extracts attenuated P. aeruginosa mainly pyocyanin activity and /or elastase and rhamnolipids virulence production which appears to be associated with the inhibition of quorum sensing activities and the alteration in membrane activities. The anti-virulence effect of the selected extracts (P. lentiscus, Azorella atacamensis, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus and Parastrephia terestiucula) were also validated in biological models of infections where they mediated the toxicity of P. aeruginosa towards A549 human monolayer cells and/or Caenorhabditis elegans nematode. Interestingly, growth of the pathogen was not affected. Further chemical profiling of P. Lentiscus, and A atacamensis extracts revealed the presence of gingkolic acid and azorellane/mulinane diterpenoids as the putative bioactive compounds. Future studies intend to explore these extracts and their derived compounds on the potentiation of antibiotic activity in a panel of clinical strains. In general, this study sets the pace for the possible use of these plant extracts as adjuvants in treatment of P. aeruginosa infections
Almadani, Mohamad Isam Nabil [Verfasser], Ludwig [Akademischer Betreuer] Theuvsen, Jörg Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Greef i Stephan von [Akademischer Betreuer] Cramon-Taubadel. "Risk attitude, risk perceptions and risk management strategies: an empirical analysis of Syrian wheat-cotton and pistachio farmers / Mohamad Isam Nabil Almadani. Gutachter: Ludwig Theuvsen ; Jörg Michael Greef ; Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel. Betreuer: Ludwig Theuvsen". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1055814523/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlmadani, Mohamad Isam Nabil Verfasser], Ludwig [Akademischer Betreuer] [Theuvsen, Jörg Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Greef i Stephan von [Akademischer Betreuer] Cramon-Taubadel. "Risk attitude, risk perceptions and risk management strategies: an empirical analysis of Syrian wheat-cotton and pistachio farmers / Mohamad Isam Nabil Almadani. Gutachter: Ludwig Theuvsen ; Jörg Michael Greef ; Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel. Betreuer: Ludwig Theuvsen". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5F48-7-3.
Pełny tekst źródłaMartins, Eva de Almeida. "O Poder de Pistacia lentiscus". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83625.
Pełny tekst źródłaPistacia lentiscus (var. chia), também conhecida como mastic tree, uma pequena árvore pertencente à família Anacardiaceae, é produzida exclusivamente no Sul da ilha de Chios, na Grécia. É usada há mais de 2500 anos em medicina tradicional Grega, mas as suas propriedades vêm descritas nas obras de Heródoto, Dioscórides e Galeno. Vários autores romanos, árabes, do período bizantino e europeus fazem extensas referências às propriedades de mastic, nome dado à resina produzida por P. lentiscus, conhecida por mastic tree. As suas propriedades antibacterianas, especialmente contra Helicobacter pylori, antifúngicas, antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias, antineoplásicas e citoprotetoras, hepatoprotetoras e antidiabéticas, hipocolesterolémicas, a sua aplicação em Tecnologia Farmacêutica são abordadas nesta monografia no sentido de avaliar o potencial de Pistacia lentiscus como novo agente terapêutico de origem natural. A maioria das publicações existentes sobre Pistacia lentiscus L. refere-se à variedade Pistacia lentiscus var. chia. Num estudo recente realizado pelo Professor Kazim Browicz (Browicz, Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1987), este propõe a substituição de “var.” por “cv.”, uma vez que se trata de um clone cultivado, “cultivated clone”. Ainda assim, numa tentativa de harmonização, na proposta de revisão apresentada pela EMA à Grécia, sugere-se a aceitação de Pistacia lentiscus L., conforme a monografia constante na Farmacopeia Europeia, sem qualquer especificação de variedade ou cultivo (EMA, 2015).
Pistacia lentiscus (var. chia), also known as mastic tree, an evergreen shrub belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, is exclusively cultivated in the southern part of Chios Island, in Greece. It has been used for over 2500 years in traditional Greek medicine, although its properties are mentioned in the works of Herodotus, Dioscorides and Galen. Several Roman, Arab, Byzantine and European authors make extensive references to mastic’s properties, the resin produced by Pistacia lentiscus, known as mastic tree. Its antibacterial properties, especially against Helicobacter pylori, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and cytoprotective, hepatoprotective and antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic properties, its use in Pharmaceutical Technology are analysed in this monograph with the intent of evaluating the potential of Pistacia lentiscus as a new therapeutic agent of natural origin. The vast majority of the existing publications on Pistacia lentiscus L. refers to the variety Pistacia lentiscus var. chia. In a recent study conducted by Professor Kazim Browicz (Browicz, Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1987), Professor Kazim Browicz proposes the use of “cv.” instead of “var.”, given that it is a cultivated clone. In the proposal made by EMA for revision from Greece, it is documented that the best scientific way should be the acceptance in the European Pharmacopoeia’s monograph of the species Pistacia lentiscus L. without any further specified variety or cultivar (EMA, 2015).
Cheng, Ju-Yu, i 鄭如彧. "Antimelanogensis Activity of Leaf Essential Oil of Pistacia chinensis". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mf6eb9.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺灣大學
森林環境暨資源學研究所
107
In this study, the leaf essential oil of Pistacia chinensis was extracted by water distillation. The components were analyzed by gas chromatography, and the main component was Limonene with the relative content of 57.06%. Other compounds with a high relative content was 3-Carene (12.36%), Selinene (5.65%), Caryophyllene (5.08%), and Caryophyllene oxide (2.68%). Limonene is the main component of P. chinensis leaf essential oil, and it exists in nature in two different optical isomers, D-Limonene in the right-handed configuration and L-Limonene in the left-handed configuration. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of melanin is evaluated by the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis, D-Limonene and L-Limonene. Results showed that when L-Tyrosine or L-DOPA was used as the substrate in the antityrosinase activity test, the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis, D-limonene and L-limonene exhibited great inhibitory effects. In antimelanogenesis test of zebrafish embryos, the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis, D-limonene and L-limonene had excellent inhibitory effect on the melanin production of zebrafish embryo without affecting its body growth and development, and IC50 values were 38.16 μg/mL (essential oil of P. chinensis), 44.83 μg/mL (D-limonene) and 72.87 μg/mL (L-limonene). Accordingly, the leaf essential oil of P. chinensis is a melanin inhibitor with development potential, and we hope that it can be applied in related fields in the future.
Chen, Shu-Ting, i 陳書婷. "Studies on the Clonal Propagation of Pistacia chinensis by Cutting". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43047358127177038486.
Pełny tekst źródła國立中興大學
園藝學系所
95
Summary Pistacia chinensis which is native to Taiwan having finely divided and dark green foliage, bright red fruit ripening to dark blue make it an outstanding ornamental shade tree. Clonal propagation would selection of cultivars having desirable characteristics. Propagation of Pistacis chinensis stockplant by mound layering. Wound the base of the shoot is necessary for root production. Another object of this study was to determine the advantageous time to collect cuttings. Stem cuttings were taken from July 2006 to March 2007. Rooting was unsuccessful except when cuttings were taken in July. The greatest percentage of rooting is 43.3% in July and the lowest is 0% in January. The effects of cutting position within the source shoot on rooting were assessed. Stem cuttings were taken from terminal or basal positions of the shoots. Terminal cuttings exhibited higher rooting (20%) and survival (36.7%) than basal ones rooting (5%) and survival (13.3%). The bases of the cuttings were treated with IBA. Percent rooting was not significantly affected by concentration of IBA. When propagation by hardwood cuttings, the bases of the cuttings were swelling and a period time passed they died. The one feature of the radish seed bioassay of chromatographed bark extracts was a inhibition of germination on the chromatograph strips.
SHIH, WUN-YU, i 施汶妤. "Physicochemical Properties of Noodles Supplemented with Pistacia chinensis Bunge Leaf Powder". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94h529.
Pełny tekst źródła中臺科技大學
食品科技研究所
104
Noodle products are one of the staple food in Asia. Traditional uncooked noodle is made from flour, water and salt, but lack of some essential nutrients, such as dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. Therefore, with the intention of manufacturing healthy diet, additional ingredients which can increase nutritional and functional properties of foods by incorporation of functional ingredients in staple foods. Plant leaves are known to be a good source of bioactive compounds like phytochemicals, antioxidants and dietary fiber. The objectives of the present study were to incorporate Pistacia chinensis Bunge leaf powder (PCL powder) into noodles at five different levels (0.25, 0.5 1, 2, and 3%) and to analyze its impact on the cooking properties, physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics of noodles. The results revealed that the cooking loss of the noodles increased from 3.86 to 5.15%, and the pH values decreased from 6.02 to 4.74 upon incorporation of 3% PCL powder. Lightness (L-value) and redness (a value) of uncooked noodles decreased as PCL powder content increased while yellowness (b value) increased. The PCL powder enriched noodles exhibited improved antibacterial activity. The total plate count was decreased by increasing the incorporation of PCL powder. The 3% PCL noodle had lower hardness, fracture strength and fracture distance than the control. The addition of PCL powder increased the total phenolic and compounds antioxidant capacity concentration in the noodles due to the incorporation of polyphenols stemmed from PCL powder. The scavenging effects of extracts (400g/ml) from 3% PCL noodles on ABTS and DPPH radicals were 80% and 70%, respectively. Sensory analysis showed that the incorporation of PCL powder reduced the acceptance of overall, appearance, flavor, taste and aftertaste aroma, aftertaste, flavor and appearance, regardless of the concentration of the powder added. The result obtained in this study suggested that acceptable noodles in terms of physicochemical and sensory properties could be produced by incorporating PCL powder into wheat flour upto the level of 1% flour weight basis.