Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Photovoltaics”
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Zou, Yunjia, Tao Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Wei Zhang, Ting Liu i Hailun Dai. "Research on Photovoltaic Development in Northwestern China using Remote Sensing Images". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1-2024 (11.05.2024): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-2024-909-2024.
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Abstract. Photovoltaics, a clean energy source, have received widespread attention worldwide recently. Many countries are carrying out photovoltaic construction, while also compiling and analyzing their photovoltaic development status. The same goes for China. In northwestern China, a considerable number of cities lack electricity. Meanwhile, its vast plains and abundant sunlight are conducive to the construction of photovoltaics. Therefore, the northwestern China has vigorously carried out photovoltaic construction nowadays. With the support of high-resolution and multi-temporal remote sensing images, we are able to analyze the development status of photovoltaics in these regions. We chose six provinces in northwestern China as our research areas and took three steps to complete our studies. Firstly, we extracted patterns of photovoltaics using deep learning methods. Secondly, based on the patterns and national land use survey data, we calculated the distribution and development status of photovoltaics in each province. Thirdly, we present the statistical results in figures and charts, showing the photovoltaic construction status and its development trend. We finally made conclusions and discussions about our insufficiency in work and future plans for further study.
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Hu, Boxun, Yanan Chen, Desheng Kong i Yiming Yao. "Large, grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants renewable energy". Applied and Computational Engineering 7, nr 1 (21.07.2023): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230328.
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As an essential part of renewable energy, the solar photovoltaic technic grows rapidly with two main types: off-grid and grid-connected systems. This paper focuses on grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants and introduces the main physical principles of solar photovoltaics. Typical components of solar photovoltaic power plants are also presented, along with their functions. The extraordinary environmental impact and the relatively low and decreasing cost of grid-connected solar photovoltaics reflect its excellent development potential. Compared with other energy, grid-connected solar photovoltaics provides an alternative to conventional fossil fuel generation. With the improvement of silicon purification technology and the working efficiency of solar batteries, the scale of grid-connected solar photovoltaics power plants will be further expanded.
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Zhang, Weichen. "Main Contributions, Applications and Future Prospect of PV". MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603012.
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Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, the disadvantages of traditional fossil fuels are obvious, and people pay more attention to renewable energy. Due to the inexhaustible nature of solar energy, which helps to get rid of the dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic technology has been valued and developed. Photovoltaic (PV) technology can use the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and it is clean and pollution-free, avoiding harm to the environment. Photovoltaics has significant advantages over other types of renewable energy generation. Photovoltaics has made a significant contribution to social progress and has been widely used in today's society. Therefore, Photovoltaics outpaces other types of renewable energy generation, its development prospect is very impressive and has received strong support. This article aims to introduce the main contributions and applications of photovoltaics from different aspects and analyze development prospects and limitations of PV by explaining its technical principles.
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Yang, Shu-Xia, Yang Zhang i Xiao-Yu Cheng. "Economic modeling of distributed photovoltaic penetration considering subsidies and countywide promotion policy: An empirical study in Beijing". Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 14, nr 5 (wrzesień 2022): 055301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102574.
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Distributed photovoltaic power generation will not only help to achieve the strategic targets of peaking carbon emissions and carbon neutrality but also cause a series of impacts on the power grid at the same time. Forecasting the long-term development of regionally distributed photovoltaics can provide a reference for power grid planning and stable operation. In this paper, considering the effect of factors such as subsidies and countywide promotion policy of photovoltaics, a forecasting model for the development tendency of regionally distributed photovoltaics based on system dynamics is established. Then, taking Beijing as an example, an empirical analysis is carried out, and the effect of the proportion of self-consumption and the time when the subsidy is adjusted on distributed photovoltaic penetration is explored through sensitivity analysis. The simulation results show that the installed capacity achieved by the countywide promotion policy will become the main source of the installed capacity growth of distributed photovoltaics in Beijing after 2024. To continuously boost distributed photovoltaic penetration, relevant policymakers should consider the appropriate time when the subsidy is adjusted according to the installation cost of photovoltaic systems.
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Kouloumpis, Victor, Antonios Kalogerakis, Anastasia Pavlidou, George Tsinarakis i George Arampatzis. "Should Photovoltaics Stay at Home? Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Assessment on Roof-Mounted and Ground-Mounted Photovoltaics". Sustainability 12, nr 21 (2.11.2020): 9120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219120.
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Renewable energy technologies like photovoltaics may be considered an indispensable component of a low-carbon electricity mix, but social acceptance should not be taken for granted. For instance, in Greece there are still claims, especially in rural areas, regarding the land use and the competition against more traditional economic activities such as grazing. An argument in favor of confining to roof-mounted photovoltaic installations is the additional infrastructure requirements for ground-mounted larger-scale photovoltaics. These requirements reduce and could potentially negate their environmental benefits. The aim of this study is to investigate the life cycle environmental impacts of commercial ground-mounted photovoltaic farms and compare them against residential roof-mounted photovoltaic installations. Data were gathered for a 500 kW ground-mounted photovoltaic installation and for five roof-mounted installations of 10 kW capacity, each from the same area at the prefecture of Pella in Northern Greece. An LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) was performed and results show that panel production is the main contributor for both types and that ground-mounted photovoltaics—when no transmission/distribution infrastructure is considered—have lower impacts than the roof-mounted residential photovoltaic installations for all impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity. However, when located further than 10.22 km from grid connection, ground-mounted photovoltaics have higher impacts for almost all environmental impact categories.
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Zhang, Zhihan, Qiaoyu Wang, Demou Cao i Kai Kang. "Impact of Photovoltaics". Modern Electronic Technology 5, nr 1 (6.05.2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/met.v5i1.6315.
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Photovoltaics (PV) can convert sunlight into electricity by making use of the photovoltaic effect. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon) to utilise the photovoltaic effect and convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. Nowadays, PV has become the cheapest electrical power source with low price bids and low panel prices. The competitiveness makes it a potential path to mitigate the global warming. In this paper, we investigate the relationship of PC array output with irradiance and temperature, the performance of PV array over 24 hours period, and the simulation of PV micro grid by MATLAB simulation.
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Fanney, A. Hunter, i Brian P. Dougherty. "Building Integrated Photovoltaic Test Facility*". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, nr 3 (1.03.2001): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385823.
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The widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics appears likely as a result of the continuing decline in photovoltaic manufacturing costs, the relative ease in which photovoltaics can be incorporated within the building envelope, and the fact that buildings account for over 40% of the U.S. energy consumption. However, designers, architects, installers, and consumers need more information and analysis tools in order to judge the merits of building-integrated solar photovoltaic products. In an effort to add to the knowledge base, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multiple-year project to collect high quality experimental performance data. The data will be used to validate computer models for building integrated photovoltaics and, where necessary, to develop algorithms that may be incorporated within these models. This paper describes the facilities that have been constructed to assist in this effort. The facilities include a mobile tracking photovoltaic test facility, a building integrated photovoltaic test bed, an outdoor aging rack, and a meteorological station.
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Ryu, Hwa Sook, Song Yi Park, Tack Ho Lee, Jin Young Kim i Han Young Woo. "Recent progress in indoor organic photovoltaics". Nanoscale 12, nr 10 (2020): 5792–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr00816h.
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Organic photovoltaics are a promising candidate for indoor applications. Recent progresses in optimization of indoor photovoltaic materials and devices, and the key strategies to optimize the indoor photovoltaic characteristics will be discussed.
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Wei, Zhonghui, Xueqian Fu, Feifei Yang i Shaoqian Fan. "Comprehensive Economic Benefits Evaluation Model of Greenhouse Photovoltaic". Journal of Solar Energy Research Updates 9 (17.08.2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31875/2410-2199.2022.09.04.
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Abstract: Photovoltaic integrated greenhouse has become an important form of deep coupling between new energy power generation and facility agriculture. Greenhouse photovoltaic power generation will affect the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment of facility agriculture. The precise coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaics and loads is to carry out the basis for the calculation of comprehensive economic benefits of greenhouse photovoltaics. This paper studies the deep coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaic and greenhouse load, and accurately calculates the changes in the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment regulation load of facility agriculture caused by the laying of greenhouse photovoltaics. Firstly, the greenhouse photovoltaic power generation model and the environmental regulation load model of facility agriculture are established; secondly, the coupling relationship between greenhouse photovoltaic power generation and facility agricultural load is described, and on this basis, the comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model of photovoltaic power generation is proposed. The 10kV medium-voltage distribution network and facility agricultural greenhouse that exist in the northern region are used as the research objects. It verifies the validity of the photovoltaic comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model proposed in this paper.
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Jonathan, Luke, Lina Jaya Diguna, Omnia Samy, Muqoyyanah Muqoyyanah, Suriani Abu Bakar, Muhammad Danang Birowosuto i Amine El Moutaouakil. "Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Halide Materials for Photovoltaics towards Their Commercialization". Polymers 14, nr 5 (7.03.2022): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14051059.
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Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIP) photovoltaics have emerged as a promising new technology for the next generation of photovoltaics since their first development 10 years ago, and show a high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 29.3%. The power-conversion efficiency of these perovskite photovoltaics depends on the base materials used in their development, and methylammonium lead iodide is generally used as the main component. Perovskite materials have been further explored to increase their efficiency, as they are cheaper and easier to fabricate than silicon photovoltaics, which will lead to better commercialization. Even with these advantages, perovskite photovoltaics have a few drawbacks, such as their stability when in contact with heat and humidity, which pales in comparison to the 25-year stability of silicon, even with improvements are made when exploring new materials. To expand the benefits and address the drawbacks of perovskite photovoltaics, perovskite–silicon tandem photovoltaics have been suggested as a solution in the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. This tandem photovoltaic results in an increased PCE value by presenting a better total absorption wavelength for both perovskite and silicon photovoltaics. In this work, we summarized the advances in HOIP photovoltaics in the contact of new material developments, enhanced device fabrication, and innovative approaches to the commercialization of large-scale devices.
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Bourdoucen, Hadj, Joseph A. Jervase, Abdullah Al-Badi, Adel Gastli i Arif Malik. "Photovoltaic Cells and Systems: Current State and Future Trends". Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (1.12.2000): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp185-207.
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Photovoltaics is the process of converting solar energy into electrical energy. Any photovoltaic system invariably consists of solar cell arrays and electric power conditioners. Photovoltaic systems are reliable, quiet, safe and both environmentally benign and self-sustaining. In addition, they are cost-effective for applications in remote areas. This paper presents a review of solar system components and integration, manufacturing, applications, and basic research related to photovoltaics. Photovoltaic applications in Oman are also presented. Finally, the existing and the future trends in technologies and materials used for the fabrication of solar cells are summarized.
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Oja Acik, Ilona. "5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics". Open Access Government 40, nr 1 (25.10.2023): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-040-11117.
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5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics Emerging thin film photovoltaic technologies, currently being developed in research laboratories, are the EU’s key to unlocking its photovoltaic industry and ensuring the growth of a sustainable and green electricity market. The European Green Deal and its Fit for 55 initiative aim to transform Europe into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, ensuring the reduction of net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels. Solar photovoltaics is considered as one of the cornerstones to achieve a green and carbon-neutral future. As the lowest-cost and most easily deployed clean energy technology, the installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity in Europe has reached almost 195 GW in 2022, and the REPowerEU plan targets to bring online over 320 GW of solar photovoltaic by 2025 and almost 600 GW by 2030.
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Fyali, Jibji-Bukar, i Anaya-Lara Olimpo. "Offline Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking". E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 06007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186406007.
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As more renewable energy sources are connected to the electrical grid, it has become important that these sources participate in providing system support. It has become needful for grid-connected solar photovoltaics to participate in support functions like frequency support. However, photovoltaic systems need to implement a maximum power tracking algorithm to operate at maximum power and a method for de-loading photovoltaic systems is necessary for participation in frequency support. Some conventional maximum power tracking techniques are implemented in real time and will not adjust their output fast enough to provide system support while other may respond fast but are not very efficient in tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic system. This paper presents an offline method to estimate the maximum power voltage and current based on the characteristics of the photovoltaics module available in the datasheet and using the estimated values to operate the photovoltaics at maximum power. The performance of this technique is compared to the conventional technique. This paper also describes how the photovoltaic system can be de-loaded.
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Xiong, Xuejun, Yajun Zhang, Yuyao Feng, Xiu Yang, Yu Jin i Wenhao Li. "Unsupervised photovoltaic installation date detection method based on interpretable characteristics". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2662, nr 1 (1.12.2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2662/1/012026.
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Abstract With the vigorous development of new energy, more and more distributed household photovoltaics are connected to the distribution network. However, the high proportion of household photovoltaics can have many impacts on the operation of the distribution network. The power department needs to register users who have installed photovoltaics. However, due to the large user base and the high resource consumption of existing investigative methods, this article proposes an unsupervised photovoltaic installation date detection method based on interpretable characteristics. Firstly, a set of interpretable characteristics is proposed and characteristic extraction is performed on user electricity data. Then, based on interpretable characteristics, user electricity consumption patterns are clustered. Finally, the date when the user’s electricity consumption patterns change is captured to determine the user’s photovoltaic installation date. The simulation results show that the proposed method can correctly identify all photovoltaic installation dates within 10 days, which is in line with practical applications and policy requirements. It has certain practical significance and theoretical value for the development of photovoltaic installation date detection applications.
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Wang, Zheng, Yanli Xiao, Ye Wan, Ke Liu i Xiyuan Wang. "Research on energy management strategy of photovoltaic–battery energy storage system". International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 17 (2022): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctac024.
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Abstract Photovoltaics have the advantages of being clean and renewable and have gained a wide range of applications. It is promising to use photovoltaic energy for the power supply of buildings, as the building sector accounts for a large portion of global energy consumption with a constantly increasing trend. However, photovoltaics are greatly affected by time and environment, and it is usually combined with batteries to form a photovoltaic–battery energy storage system to meet the load demand. This paper aims to analyze and compare energy management strategies of an on-grid solar photovoltaic–battery system for a real building project in a typical May and October region, but unlike other studies, the strategies used in this paper are very simple and easy to implement. It can also realize photovoltaic, battery and grid to meet the load power demand. Two strategies are used in this paper. Strategy 1 is to maximize the utilization of the energy generated by photovoltaics: while the energy generated by photovoltaics cannot meet the load demand, the battery will provide energy, and while the battery cannot meet the load demand, the grid will provide energy. The photovoltaic energy is given priority to the battery under the premise of meeting the load demand. Strategy 2 is to use the time-of-use electricity price, and the battery obtains cheap electricity at night to meet the load of the high electricity price the next day. The feasibility of the strategy used is demonstrated by actual data of buildings and photovoltaic–battery energy storage systems. This study can provide theoretical references for the energy management and system operation to facility managers and building occupants.
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Anduła, Angelika, i Dariusz Heim. "Photovoltaic systems – types of installations, materials, monitoring and modeling - review". Acta Innovations, nr 34 (1.03.2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.34.4.
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Photovoltaic systems have become a common solution for, both small residential buildings as well as large service buildings. When buildings are being designed, it is important to focus on the aspect of the object’s energy efficiency as lowering the energy consumption of a given facility is crucial. The article discusses the use of photovoltaic panels such as so-called BAPV (Building Applied Photovoltaics) and BIPV (Building Installed Photovoltaics) installations as well as photovoltaic thermal systems (PV/T), which generate both electricity and heat. The role of PV installation in so-called zero energy buildings and proposals for future research and solutions are also discussed.
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Kudzanayi Chiteka, Rajesh Arora i Christopher C. Enweremadu. "Comparative Numerical Energy and Performance Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Power Generation". Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 117, nr 1 (17.05.2024): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.1.164178.
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This study analyses fixed and tracking solar photovoltaics and, solar thermal power. Performance in different locations was analysed for each configuration and technology using simulations based on a Typical Meteorological Year data. The study analysed a 25MWp solar photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants in each of the eleven selected locations in Zimbabwe. The performance of the solar photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants under different meteorological variables were assessed for all the selected locations. It was shown that different configurations together with different technologies have different conversion efficiencies. A high solar thermal conversion efficiency was found to be 18.718% in Gweru while it was 15.502% for solar photovoltaics in Mutare. The study also showed that highest insolation and clearness index values were found in Gweru. The average energy generated by the fixed photovoltaic collectors, tracking photovoltaic collectors and the Concentrating Solar Power plant were respectively 47.38GWh, 68.18GWh and 192.86GWh. There was a maximum percentage difference in the LCoE generated of 32.03% between the fixed PV collectors and the Concentrating Solar Power plant and a difference of 4.74% was realised between the tracking photovoltaics and Concentration Solar Power.
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Sim, Yeon Hyang, Min Ju Yun, Seung I. Cha i Dong Yoon Lee. "Fractal solar cell array for enhanced energy production: applying rules underlying tree shape to photovoltaics". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 476, nr 2239 (lipiec 2020): 20200094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0094.
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Plants and photovoltaics share the same purpose as harvesting sunlight. Therefore, botanical studies could lead to new breakthroughs in photovoltaics. However, the basic mechanism of photosynthesis is different to semiconductor-based photovoltaics and the gap between photosynthesis and solar cells must be bridged before we can apply the botanical principles to photovoltaics. In this study, we analysed the role of the fractal structures found in plants in light harvesting based on a simplified model, rotated the structures by 90° and applied them to fractal-structured photovoltaic Si solar cell arrays. Adoption of botanically inspired fractal structures can result in solar cell arrays with omnidirectional properties, and in this case, yielded a 25% enhancement in electric energy production. The fractal structure used in this study was two-dimensional and symmetric; investigating and optimizing three-dimensional asymmetric fractal structures would further enhance the performance of photovoltaics. Furthermore, this study represents only the first step towards the development of a new type of photovoltaics based on botanical principles, and points to further aspects of botanical knowledge that could be exploited, in addition to plant fractal structures. For example, leaf anatomy, phyllotaxis and chloroplastic mechanisms could be applied to the design of new types of photovoltaics.
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Kumar, Ashish, i J. P. Kesari. "Current Scenario of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPVs)". Journal of Advance Research in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2395) 3, nr 10 (31.10.2016): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nneee.v3i10.167.
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The Building-incorporated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic (PV) materials that are used to supplant traditional/conventional building materials that are being used in construction of building covering, for instance, the roof tiles, front windows, or veneers. Further, they represent a strong, versatile and eco-friendly means for attaining the goal of ever increasing power demand for zero energy and zero emission buildings of the adjacent future. In this regard, BIPVs may offer an aesthetically pleasing, costeffective and real-world solution, to integrate photovoltaic solar cells (BIPVs) reaping solar radiationto produce electricity along with climate protection of the buildings. This research work précises thecurrent stage of the development in the Building-integrated Photovoltaic systems and the scope of future research in building integration of photovoltaics, incorporating the latest and innovational ideas and features of BIPVs which include BIPV tiles& modules, BIPV foils,and solar power cell glazing products.
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Emmott, Christopher J. M., Jason A. Röhr, Mariano Campoy-Quiles, Thomas Kirchartz, Antonio Urbina, Nicholas J. Ekins-Daukes i Jenny Nelson. "Organic photovoltaic greenhouses: a unique application for semi-transparent PV?" Energy & Environmental Science 8, nr 4 (2015): 1317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee03132f.
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Adikaari, A. A. D. T., D. M. N. M. Dissanayake, N. K. Mudugamuwa i S. R. P. Silva. "Nano Engineered Organic-Inorganic Material Systems for Photovoltaics". Advanced Materials Research 67 (kwiecień 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.67.1.
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Organic-inorganic photovoltaic systems which attempt to integrate benefits of both material types in terms of ease of fabrication, stability and efficiency are reviewed. Three broad categories; inorganic-small molecule systems, carbon naotube incorporated organic photovoltaics and nanostructured organic surfaces-based photovoltaics have been discussed with reference to recent literature. Nanocrystal-organic systems are designed to improve broadband photon collection possibilty, nanostructred organic surfaces-based systems attempt to enhance exciton dissociation at the increased area interface. Incorporation of carbon nanotubes in donor-acceptor type photovoltaic systems have been shown as a technique to mitigate drawbacks from short carrier diffusion lengths of organic materials. The concepts present new opportunities for complex photovoltaic systems, which need to be cheap, large area and efficient in order to arrive at an economically viable level for mass uptake.
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Bazylevych, Mykola Volodymyrovych. "DETERMINATION OF THE MAXIMUM VOLTAGE AT THE PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT CONNECTION POINT". Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Energy: Reliability and Energy Efficiency, nr 1 (2) (2.07.2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2224-0349.2021.01.02.
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The modes of the electrical network have not been calculated for the photovoltaic power plants if they are used for small and medium-sized applications. It is known that the voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaics power plant may exceed the critical limit voltage and as a result it may cause the emergency with the electrical equipment. According to the existing methods, it is possible to find the voltage only by full electrical network modes calculating. In practice such calculation is not convenient, especially for 0.4 kV distribution networks. The suggestion is to find the most probable limit voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant without calculating the mode of the electrical network using instead the information about the voltage value in the power supply centre. The voltage at the installation point of the photovoltaic power plant mainly depends on the generated power of the photovoltaics power plant, line resistance, load power connected to a voltage of 0.4 kV and bus voltages of 0.4 kV of the power supply. The voltage hardly depends on the power of the power transformer, the parameters of 10 kV lines and the parameters of 0.4 kV lines, except for the line "power centre–photovoltaic power plant". The highest voltage at the point of installation of the photovoltaics power plant will be in the case when the load on the line is absent. The suggested methods allow finding analytically the maximum value of voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant without using of the successive approximations methods. As a rule the photovoltaics power plant operates in the mode of delivery of the maximum active power. By the range of various analytical formulas, the value of voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant has been determined. The accuracy of finding the voltage by different formulas has also been determined. It is established that in order to achieve the required accuracy, the dependence of the current at the output of the photovoltaics power plant on the voltage at the connection point should be taken into account. Modification of formulas for the purpose of simplification of their application is considered. The conditions for finding the maximum possible voltage value at the point of installation of a photovoltaics power plant are considered. This requires that the argument of the voltage drop vector on the line be equal to the argument of the voltage vector on the busbars of the power supply. This is achieved by the fact that the photovoltaic power plant generates active and reactive power in a certain ratio. It is shown the inexpediency of finding the maximum possible voltage value at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant due to a small difference with the most possible voltage value with a significant complication of calculations.
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Wang, Zonglin, Shengli Wang, Xin Zhang, Yan Guo i Ze Wang. "Three-stage Coordinated Dispatching of Wind Power-Photovoltaic-CSP-Thermal Power Combined Generation System". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2356, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2356/1/012004.
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Aiming at the problem that the grid connection of intermittent renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics brings great uncertainty to the power system, a three-stage coordinated scheduling strategy of wind power-photovoltaic-concentrated solar energy is proposed. CSP Combined heat and power system. In the first stage, based on the day-ahead forecast data of wind power, photovoltaics and load, a “peak shaving” model of the combination of wind power-photovoltaic-CSP was established. In the second stage, according to the value of the remaining load after optimization in the first stage, a day-ahead economic dispatch model for thermal power units is established. In the third stage, based on the start-stop status and output of thermal power units in the first and second stages, the output of CSP plants and the intraday forecast data of wind power, photovoltaics, and loads, the establishment of an intraday thermal power joint regulation model and the establishment unit and CSP stations are established, and intraday scheduling plans are arranged. Case analysis shows that the proposed CHP system scheduling strategy can be supplemented by thermal power and CSP during load peak and trough periods, thereby minimizing the uncertainty brought by grid integration of wind power and photovoltaics. Introduce.
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Wang, Qiang, Yan Liang, Hui Yao, Jianwei Li, Tianwei Liu, Thomas Frauenheim, Bin Wang i Jian Wang. "Universal co-existence of photovoltaics and ferroelectricity from a two-dimensional 3R bilayer BX (X = P, As, Sb)". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, nr 3 (2022): 1048–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc03166j.
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Duan, Hsin-Sheng, Huanping Zhou, Qi Chen, Pengyu Sun, Song Luo, Tze-Bin Song, Brion Bob i Yang Yang. "The identification and characterization of defect states in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite photovoltaics". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, nr 1 (2015): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04479g.
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Brito, Miguel Centeno. "Assessing the Impact of Photovoltaics on Rooftops and Facades in the Urban Micro-Climate". Energies 13, nr 11 (28.05.2020): 2717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112717.
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This work addresses the potential impact of large-scale deployment of photovoltaics in the urban environment on the local micro-climate. A one- and two-dimensional steady-state irradiance balance model was developed to estimate the impact of changing the effective albedo of rooftops and facades fully covered with photovoltaic modules. Results show that, albeit small, with current PV conversion efficiencies, photovoltaics on rooftops are expected to have a heating effect on the urban environment. The effect of facades depends strongly on the reflective properties of the surroundings (e.g., road albedo) but it is always small (below 4%), and, therefore, photovoltaics ought not to be considered a mitigation strategy for urban heat island.
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Ordoumpozanis, Konstantinos, Theodoros Theodosiou, Dimitrios Bouris i Katerina Tsikaloudaki. "Energy and thermal modeling of building façade integrated photovoltaics". Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 3 (2018): 921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170905025o.
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Electricity generation on site is a design challenge aiming at supporting the concept of energy-autonomous building. Many projects worldwide have promoted the installation of photovoltaic panels on urban buildings, aiming at utilizing a large area to produce electricity. In most cases, photovoltaics are considered strictly as electricity generators, neglecting their effect to the efficiency and to the thermal behaviour of the building envelope. The integrated performance of photovoltaic ventilated fa?ades, where the photovoltaics are regarded as part of a complicated envelope system, provides design challenges and problems that cannot be overlooked within the framework of the Nearly Zero Energy Building concept. In this study, a finite volume model for photovoltaic ventilated fa?ades is developed, experimentally validated and found to have a significant convergence to measured data.
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Wang, Ding, Ming Xu, Wei Cao, Luxi Hao, Lingyi Chen i Zhihao Ning. "Analysis and Evaluation of Bearing Capacity of Distributed Photovoltaic Connected to Hunan Power Grid". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2564, nr 1 (1.08.2023): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2564/1/012036.
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Abstract The development of distributed power in Hunan Province is mainly photovoltaic, with an average annual growth rate of 16.4% in the past five years. By the end of October 2022, Hunan’s distributed photovoltaic installed capacity is 3.06 million kilowatts, accounting for 54.6% of the total photovoltaic installed capacity, which exceeds the centralized photovoltaic installed capacity. Due to the rapid large-scale development of distributed photovoltaics, it is common that the actual operation scale exceeds the contemporaneous planning. In addition, Hunan distributed photovoltaic access is concentrated in northern and southern Hunan, while in southern Hunan, due to a large number of local clean energy, a large number of distributed photovoltaic access will increase the output of terminal power supply, which can seriously cause the grid power flow to reverse. This paper takes the power grid topology in southern Hunan as an example of carrying out the bearing capacity assessment of regional distributed photovoltaic access to the power grid. This method guides the rational layout of distributed photovoltaics and stably ensures the operation of the Hunan power grid.
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Brabec, Christoph J., Jens A. Hauch, Pavel Schilinsky i Christoph Waldauf. "Production Aspects of Organic Photovoltaics and Their Impact on the Commercialization of Devices". MRS Bulletin 30, nr 1 (styczeń 2005): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2005.10.
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AbstractThe essential cost-driving factor for the production of classical photovoltaic devices is the expensive investment in costly semiconductor processing technologies. This unfavorable cost structure has so far prohibited the technology from having a significant impact on global energy production. Nevertheless, the continued high interest in photovoltaics originates from the fact that they represent the only truly portable renewable-energy conversion technology available today. Therefore, the potential of fabricating organic photovoltaic elements on low-cost, thin plastic substrates by standard printing and coating techniques and packaged by lamination is not only intriguing, but highly attractive from a cost standpoint. In this article, we discuss the economic and technical production aspects for organic photovoltaics.
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Tian, Fuhao, Jiaxi Chen, Yikai Sun, Sheyu Zhou, Hongji Yang i Xiran Wang. "Low Carbon Economic Dispatch of Rural Distribution Network under High Photovoltaic Penetration". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2636, nr 1 (1.11.2023): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2636/1/012005.
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Abstract To promote the low-carbon development of the power grid, the penetration rate of distribution photovoltaics in power systems has greatly increased. Some distribution networks may switch roles between energy producers and energy consumers multiple times a day. Especially in rural areas with low loads and abundant land resources, a large number of distributed photovoltaics may increase the energy balancing burden of the transmission system. To address this, the optimal operation of local resources is the key to the local accommodation of photovoltaics. In rural distribution networks, the light industrial load and agricultural load in rural distribution networks have similar electricity consumption behavior, and are suitable for centralized load management. This article proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model of rural distribution networks under high photovoltaic penetration.. In specific, the light industrial load and the agricultural load are modeled considering their production requirements. Carbon emission costs and photovoltaic consumption costs are incorporated into the dispatch model of the distribution network. The case study is conducted based on a rural distribution network. The results of the case study indicated that the proposed model could increase the photovoltaic absorption rate by 10.96% and reduce carbon emissions by 3.4% for the test system.
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Vourdoubas, John. "Estimation of Solar Electricity Generation from Floating Photovoltaics Installed in Water Dams in the Island of Crete, Greece". European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences 4, nr 1 (20.01.2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejgeo.2023.4.1.376.
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The role of solar energy for heat and power generation is very important during the transition to a low carbon economy. Floating solar photovoltaics consists of a novel and rapidly growing sustainable energy technology having many advantages compared to conventional ground-mounted solar photovoltaic systems. Aim of the current research is the investigation of the possibility of installing floating photovoltaics in the existing water reservoirs in the island of Crete, Greece. Data on existing water dams in Crete were used and the nominal power of floating photovoltaics as well as their potential for electricity generation were evaluated. It has been estimated that the nominal power of floating photovoltaics that can be installed in these water dams, with coverage ratio at 0.1 to 0.3, varies between 55.76 MWp to 167.3 MWp while the annual electricity generation from the floating photovoltaics varies between 78.3 GWh to 234.9 GWh. The annual electricity generation from the abovementioned floating panels corresponds at 2.57 % to 7.72 % of the annual electricity consumption in Crete in 2018. Our study indicates that floating solar photovoltaics can be installed in the existing water dams in Crete generating significant amounts of green electricity having also various environmental co-benefits. The current work could be useful to policy makers, local and regional authorities, energy companies as well as to owners of the water dams in the island.
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Liu, Hai-Ying, Nikolaos Skandalos, Liga Braslina, Vasileios Kapsalis i Dimitris Karamanis. "Integrating Solar Energy and Nature-Based Solutions for Climate-Neutral Urban Environments". Solar 3, nr 3 (13.07.2023): 382–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solar3030022.
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This study focuses on achieving climate neutrality in European cities by integrating solar energy technologies and nature-based solutions. Through an examination of current practices, emerging trends, and case examples, the study explores the benefits, challenges, and prospects associated with this integration in urban contexts. A pioneering approach is presented to assess the urban heat and climate change mitigation benefits of combining building-integrated photovoltaics and nature-based solutions within the European context. The results highlight the synergistic relationship between nature-based components and solar conversion technology, identifying effective combinations for different climatic zones. In Southern Europe, strategies such as rooftop photovoltaics on cool roofs, photovoltaic shadings, green walls, and urban trees have demonstrated effectiveness in warmer regions. Conversely, mid- and high-latitude European cities have seen positive impacts through the integration of rooftop photovoltaics and photovoltaic facades with green roofs and green spaces. As solar cell conversion efficiency improves, the environmental impact of photovoltaics is expected to decrease, facilitating their integration into urban environments. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating water bodies, cool pavements, spaces with high sky-view factors, and effective planning in urban design to maximize resilience benefits. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of prioritizing mitigation actions in low-income regions and engaging citizens in the development of social photovoltaics-positive energy houses, resilient neighbourhoods, and green spaces. By adopting these recommendations, European cities can create climate-neutral urban environments that prioritize clean energy, nature-based solutions, and the overall wellbeing of residents. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach combining technological innovation, urban planning strategies, and policy frameworks to effectively achieve climate neutrality.
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Zhou, Fu Fang, Qing Lan Ma, Yuan Ming Huang, Zhuo Ran She i Chun Xu Pan. "Effects of Phosphoric Acid on the Photovoltaic Properties of Photovoltaic Cells with Laminated Polypyrrole-Fullerene Layers". Materials Science Forum 663-665 (listopad 2010): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.861.
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By applying phosphoric acid in dispersion of fullerene in the fabrication of polypyrrolefullerene photovoltaic cells we present laminated active structure of polypyrrole and subsequent fullerene layers, with two other reference methods to incorporate fullerene: (i) in a physically blended monolayer; and (ii) in a blend from chemical reaction. I-V characteristics show that a blend monolayer cell can display photosensitive effect however without photovoltaics; a bilayer cell displays photovoltaics either in dark or in illumination, with its VOC up to1V and its JSC up to12.5 μA cm-2 under AM1 105 mW cm-2 condition. The results demonstrate that phosphoric acid is effective in dispersion of fullerene as well as combining it with polypyrrole layer in a photovoltaic cell. The effects of phosphoric acid in fabricating a bilayered photovoltaic cell are discussed mainly in terms of H-bonding.
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Fanney, A. Hunter, Brian P. Dougherty i Mark W. Davis. "Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels*". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, nr 1 (27.01.2003): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1531642.
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Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today’s $2 billion dollar photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is the lack of validated predictive simulation tools needed to make informed economic decisions. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multi-year project to compare the measured performance of BIPV panels to the predictions of photovoltaic simulation tools. The existing simulation models require input parameters that characterize the electrical performance of BIPV panels subjected to various meteorological conditions. This paper describes the experimental apparatus and test procedures used to capture the required parameters. Results are presented for custom fabricated mono-crystalline, polycrystalline, and silicon film BIPV panels and a commercially available triple junction amorphous silicon panel.
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Hu, Mengjin, Zhao Liu, Yaohuan Huang, Mengju Wei i Bo Yuan. "Estimation of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Potential Based on High-Resolution Images and Digital Surface Models". Buildings 13, nr 11 (25.10.2023): 2686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112686.
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Buildings are important components of urban areas, and the construction of rooftop photovoltaic systems plays a critical role in the transition to renewable energy generation. With rooftop solar photovoltaics receiving increased attention, the problem of how to estimate rooftop photovoltaics is under discussion; building detection from remote sensing images is one way to address it. In this study, we presented an available approach to estimate a building’s rooftop solar photovoltaic potential. A rapid and accurate rooftop extraction method was developed using object-based image classification combining normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and digital surface models (DSMs), and a method for the identification of suitable rooftops for solar panel installation by analysing the geographical restrictions was proposed. The approach was validated using six scenes from Beijing that were taken using Chinese Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite imagery and Pleiades imagery. A total of 176 roofs in six scenarios were suitable for PV installation, and the estimated photovoltaic panel area was 205,827 m2. The rooftop photovoltaic potential was estimated to total 22,551 GWh. The results indicated that the rooftop photovoltaic potential estimation method performs well.
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Piotrowska-Woroniak, Joanna. "The Photovoltaic Installation Application in the Public Utility Building". Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 24, nr 4 (1.12.2017): 517–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2017-0034.
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Abstract The article presents the use of photovoltaic installation in a building with office space and a section for kindergarten to support the production of electricity using solar energy. Accepted technological installation solution, capital expenditures to be incurred for the project and payback time are shown. Paper presents the results of the performance simulation of the PV system adopted depending on the angle of photovoltaic panels. Designed photovoltaic installation consists of 62 panels with a total nominal power of 15.5 kW. The use of photovoltaics in the facility allow reducing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere by approximately 52%. In Poland, most of the electricity produced is still based on coal and lignite. Photovoltaics is one of the renewable sources of energy, so-called “Green” energy. The investment could be made thanks to the Regional Operational Programme Podlaski, Activity 5.2 Development of local infrastructure, environmental protection 2007-2013.
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Herlambang, I. F., S. Lestari i T. Yuniarti. "Optimizing Solar Potential: Site Potential Selection for Floating Photovoltaics in the Sepaku Semoi Dam Reservoir". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1343, nr 1 (1.05.2024): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1343/1/012022.
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Abstract Green energy is considered an essential solution to address the world’s energy scarcity. However, there are several technologies available for producing green energy, including photovoltaics, with a specific focus on floating photovoltaics. The application of photovoltaics on water surfaces can enhance the cooling effect of solar modules, thereby achieving optimal temperatures. The implementation of floating photovoltaics should be approached with careful consideration, for instance, hydrodynamic aspects, reservoir water level fluctuations, forest shadow effects, and safety distance from Dam Facilities. Furthermore, in light of the relocation of the Indonesian National Capital City from Jakarta to Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), the city’s green energy options must be thoroughly studied and researched. The Sepaku Semoi Dam is located in Penajam Paser Utara, Kalimantan Timur, and is designated as a flood control and raw rater supplier for IKN. In this research, hydrodynamic simulations using MIKE 21 were conducted to determine water surface velocities. These results were then combined with reservoir depth and the location of areas unaffected by forest shadows. The outcome of this analysis revealed that 15.2% of the water surface area in the Sepaku Semoi Dam Reservoir has the potential for installing floating photovoltaics. With an energy density of floating photovoltaic around 100 MW/km2, Sepaku Semoi Dam Reservoir would produce 50.83 MW. As a result, this research has generated a Potential Location Map for Floating Photovoltaics in Sepaku Semoi Reservoir Dam Reservoir.
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Abu Hamed, Tareq, Nadja Adamovic, Urs Aeberhard, Diego Alonso-Alvarez, Zoe Amin-Akhlaghi, Matthias Auf der Maur, Neil Beattie i in. "Multiscale in modelling and validation for solar photovoltaics". EPJ Photovoltaics 9 (2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2018008.
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Photovoltaics is amongst the most important technologies for renewable energy sources, and plays a key role in the development of a society with a smaller environmental footprint. Key parameters for solar cells are their energy conversion efficiency, their operating lifetime, and the cost of the energy obtained from a photovoltaic system compared to other sources. The optimization of these aspects involves the exploitation of new materials and development of novel solar cell concepts and designs. Both theoretical modeling and characterization of such devices require a comprehensive view including all scales from the atomic to the macroscopic and industrial scale. The different length scales of the electronic and optical degrees of freedoms specifically lead to an intrinsic need for multiscale simulation, which is accentuated in many advanced photovoltaics concepts including nanostructured regions. Therefore, multiscale modeling has found particular interest in the photovoltaics community, as a tool to advance the field beyond its current limits. In this article, we review the field of multiscale techniques applied to photovoltaics, and we discuss opportunities and remaining challenges.
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Jiang, Wen. "Cost–Benefit Analysis of China’s Whole County PV Program: A Case Study of Julu County, Hebei Province". Journal of World Economy 2, nr 4 (grudzień 2023): 23–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jwe.2023.12.03.
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Solar photovoltaics’ rising efficiency is increasingly considered the key to achieving carbon neutrality targets in various countries. The Chinese government implemented a variety of regulations from both the supply and demand sides to assist in the development of distributed photovoltaics in the second decade of the twenty-first century. The whole county-wide photovoltaic promotion project, announced in 2021, is regarded as one of the most important new energy development projects in China in the coming years. The paper examines the cost and benefits of a pilot whole-county distributed photovoltaics project in Julu County, Hebei Province, from the perspectives of different stakeholders. The analysis shows that as China enters the era of grid parity, the whole county’s distributed photovoltaics programme still exhibits robust economic, social, and environmental performance in locations with abundant solar resources. And different business models have a significant impact on the distribution of interests among stakeholders. The goal of this paper is to offer effective policy recommendations for promoting the development of distributed new energy beyond urban areas.
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Marques Lameirinhas, Ricardo A., João Paulo N. Torres i João P. de Melo Cunha. "A Photovoltaic Technology Review: History, Fundamentals and Applications". Energies 15, nr 5 (1.03.2022): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051823.
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Photovoltaic technology has become a huge industry, based on the enormous applications for solar cells. In the 19th century, when photoelectric experiences started to be conducted, it would be unexpected that these optoelectronic devices would act as an essential energy source, fighting the ecological footprint brought by non-renewable sources, since the industrial revolution. Renewable energy, where photovoltaic technology has an important role, is present in 3 out of 17 United Nations 2030 goals. However, this path cannot be taken without industry and research innovation. This article aims to review and summarise all the meaningful milestones from photovoltaics history. Additionally, an extended review of the advantages and disadvantages among different technologies is done. Photovoltaics fundamentals are also presented from the photoelectric effect on a p-n junction to the electrical performance characterisation and modelling. Cells’ performance under unusual conditions are summarised, such as due to temperature variation or shading. Finally, some applications are presented and some project feasibility indicators are analysed. Thus, the review presented in this article aims to clarify to readers noteworthy milestones in photovoltaics history, summarise its fundamentals and remarkable applications to catch the attention of new researchers for this interesting field.
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Polcovnicu, Răzvan-Andrei, Nicolae Ţăranu, Dragoş Ungureanu, Ruxandra Cozmanciuc i Cătălin Sbîrlea. "Building Integrated Photovoltaics Systems State-of-the-Art Review". Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Construction. Architecture Section 67, nr 2 (1.06.2021): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipca-2021-0016.
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Abstract Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are modern photovoltaic (PV) modules which are integrated into the building’s envelope. Usually, these devices replace the conventional roofing system, but they may be also integrated into the facade. The modules integration has a significant advantage in limiting the overall cost of the construction. Furthermore, building integrated photovoltaics, in comparison to non-integrated ones, don’t require stand-alone systems or allocation of land. This paper presents the state-of-the-art review regarding the existing BIPVs technologies. Also, in the second part of the paper, future research directions are discussed.
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Katsigiannis, Yiannis A., Emmanuel S. Karapidakis, Antonis G. Tsikalakis i Emmanuel G. Maravelakis. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Evaluation of Large Scale PV Integration in Greece". Materials Science Forum 721 (czerwiec 2012): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.721.287.
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This paper evaluates the current status of renewable energy sources integration and future trends, especially of the photovoltaics, in the interconnected power system of Greece and the power system of Crete Island, which is the largest isolated power system in Greece. Focusing on the ongoing developments and prospects, the paper investigates the impacts of the expected sufficient photovoltaic installations on the energy market and the greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the reduction in CO2 emissions costs due to the installation of photovoltaics and other renewable energy technologies.
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Jäger-Waldau, Arnulf. "Snapshot of Photovoltaics − May 2023". EPJ Photovoltaics 14 (2023): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2023016.
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In 2022 the cumulative installed photovoltaic electricity generation capacity increased to over 1 TW, 10 years after it reached the 100 GW level in 2012. In 2022, overall investment in renewable energy has increased by 16% to USD 499 billion compared to USD 953 billion for fossil fuels, which saw an increase of 6%. Investments in solar photovoltaics accounted for USD 301.5 billion or 60% of the renewable energy investments. The annual installations of solar photovoltaic electricity generation systems increased by about 40% to over 230 GWp in 2022. Compared to 2021, the number of countries which installed 1 GWp/year or more has increased by almost 80% to 32. Despite the increase in hardware costs for solar photovoltaic systems and battery storage, both markets had a strong growth, driven by the soaring energy prices in 2022. The increase of the levelised costs for solar photovoltaic electricity was well below the increase of electricity generated with fossil fuels. The electrification of heating, transport and industry will create additional demand for renewable electricity, including solar, if we want to stay on track for not more than 1.5 °C global temperature increase.
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Wang, Hao-Cheng, Yu-Che Lin, Chung-Hao Chen, Chi-Hsien Huang, Bin Chang, Yi-Ling Liu, Hao-Wen Cheng, Cheng-Si Tsao i Kung-Hwa Wei. "Hydrogen plasma-treated MoSe2 nanosheets enhance the efficiency and stability of organic photovoltaics". Nanoscale 11, nr 37 (2019): 17460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr06611j.
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This paper reports the effect on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of photovoltaic devices after incorporating hydrogenated two-dimensional (2D) MoSe2 nanosheets into the organic photovoltaics (OPV).
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Chen, Dazheng, Gang Fan, Weidong Zhu, Haifeng Yang, He Xi, Fengqing He, Zhenhua Lin, Jincheng Zhang, Chunfu Zhang i Yue Hao. "Highly efficient bifacial CsPbIBr2 solar cells with a TeO2/Ag transparent electrode and unsymmetrical carrier transport behavior". Dalton Transactions 49, nr 18 (2020): 6012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt00407c.
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Bright red CsPbIBr2 films possess intrinsic semitransparent features, which make them promising materials for smart photovoltaic windows, power curtain walls, top cells for tandem solar cells, and bifacial photovoltaics.
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Shin, Dong, i Suk-Ho Choi. "Recent Studies of Semitransparent Solar Cells". Coatings 8, nr 10 (20.09.2018): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8100329.
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It is necessary to develop semitransparent photovoltaic cell for increasing the energy density from sunlight, useful for harvesting solar energy through the windows and roofs of buildings and vehicles. Current semitransparent photovoltaics are mostly based on Si, but it is difficult to adjust the color transmitted through Si cells intrinsically for enhancing the visual comfort for human. Recent intensive studies on translucent polymer- and perovskite-based photovoltaic cells offer considerable opportunities to escape from Si-oriented photovoltaics because their electrical and optical properties can be easily controlled by adjusting the material composition. Here, we review recent progress in materials fabrication, design of cell structure, and device engineering/characterization for high-performance/semitransparent organic and perovskite solar cells, and discuss major problems to overcome for commercialization of these solar cells.
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Vourdoubas, John. "Assessment of the Potential of Installing Floating Photovoltaic Systems in Existing Water Reservoirs in Greece". European Journal of Energy Research 3, nr 1 (27.04.2023): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejenergy.2023.3.1.100.
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Floating photovoltaics consists of a new and fast-growing technology worldwide. Installations of these novel green energy systems have not been developed so far in Greece. The aim of the current work is to investigate the potential of installing floating photovoltaic systems in Greek water bodies. The existing water reservoirs in Greece have been identified while their water surface that allows the installation of solar panels, the nominal power of the floating photovoltaics and the generated solar electricity have been estimated. The nominal power of floating photovoltaics which can be installed in the existing 128 water reservoirs in Greece covering 10% to 30% of their surface varies between 4.77 GWp to 14.31 GWp while the annual generated electricity at 6,435.2 GWh to 19,305.6 GWh corresponding at 12.40% to 37.20% of the total annual electricity consumption in the country. The annual water evaporation savings, due to installation of floating photovoltaics, have been calculated at 71.55 mil. M3 to 214.65 mil. M3 while the increased annual electricity gain at 321.76 GWh to 1,930.56 GWh. The results indicate that significant amounts of electricity can be generated with floating photovoltaics installed in water reservoirs in Greece. They could be useful to policy makers who are developing policies to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050 in Greece and to energy companies who are willing to invest in these novel green energy technologies.
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Slaoui, Abdelilah, i Reuben T. Collins. "Advanced Inorganic Materials for Photovoltaics". MRS Bulletin 32, nr 3 (marzec 2007): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2007.24.
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AbstractBy 2050, world annual energy consumption is predicted to grow from the present 13 terawatt - years (TWyr) to nearly 30 TWyr. Although all energy sources must be considered in meeting this challenge, solar energy may arguably be the only carbon-free source capable of supplying a significant fraction of energy at these levels. This issue of MRS Bulletin reviews the status and future development of solar photovoltaic technologies based on inorganic materials. The discussion begins with materials and cell designs for second-generation photovoltaics based on thin films [a-Si:H, Si, Cu(In, Ga)(Se, S)2, CdTe]. Recent advances in tandem cells and concentrators are alsoreported, along with photovoltaic approaches involving nanoscale materials such as quantum dot arrays. Finally, work on transparent conducting oxides that are critical to nearly all cell designs are discussed.
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Hou, Langbo, Heng Chen, Jinjun Wang, Shichao Qiao, Gang Xu, Honggang Chen i Tao Liu. "Optimal Dispatch Strategy for a Distribution Network Containing High-Density Photovoltaic Power Generation and Energy Storage under Multiple Scenarios". Inventions 8, nr 5 (19.10.2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions8050130.
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To better consume high-density photovoltaics, in this article, the application of energy storage devices in the distribution network not only realizes the peak shaving and valley filling of the electricity load but also relieves the pressure on the grid voltage generated by the distributed photovoltaic access. At the same time, photovoltaic power generation and energy storage cooperate and have an impact on the tidal distribution of the distribution network. Since photovoltaic output has uncertainty, the maximum photovoltaic output in each scenario is determined by the clustering algorithm, while the storage scheduling strategy is reasonably selected so the distribution network operates efficiently and stably. The tidal optimization of the distribution network is carried out with the objectives of minimizing network losses and voltage deviations, two objectives that are assigned comprehensive weights, and the optimization model is constructed by using a particle swarm algorithm to derive the optimal dispatching strategy of the distribution network with the cooperation of photovoltaic and energy storage. Finally, a model with 30 buses is simulated and the system is optimally dispatched under multiple scenarios to demonstrate the necessity of conducting coordinated optimal dispatch of photovoltaics and energy storage.
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ANNAN, R. H. "Photovoltaics". Science 227, nr 4682 (4.01.1985): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.227.4682.8.
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