Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Photovoltaics

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Photovoltaics”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 8 czerwca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Photovoltaics"

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Zou, Yunjia, Tao Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Wei Zhang, Ting Liu i Hailun Dai. "Research on Photovoltaic Development in Northwestern China using Remote Sensing Images". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1-2024 (11.05.2024): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-2024-909-2024.

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Abstract. Photovoltaics, a clean energy source, have received widespread attention worldwide recently. Many countries are carrying out photovoltaic construction, while also compiling and analyzing their photovoltaic development status. The same goes for China. In northwestern China, a considerable number of cities lack electricity. Meanwhile, its vast plains and abundant sunlight are conducive to the construction of photovoltaics. Therefore, the northwestern China has vigorously carried out photovoltaic construction nowadays. With the support of high-resolution and multi-temporal remote sensing images, we are able to analyze the development status of photovoltaics in these regions. We chose six provinces in northwestern China as our research areas and took three steps to complete our studies. Firstly, we extracted patterns of photovoltaics using deep learning methods. Secondly, based on the patterns and national land use survey data, we calculated the distribution and development status of photovoltaics in each province. Thirdly, we present the statistical results in figures and charts, showing the photovoltaic construction status and its development trend. We finally made conclusions and discussions about our insufficiency in work and future plans for further study.
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Hu, Boxun, Yanan Chen, Desheng Kong i Yiming Yao. "Large, grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants renewable energy". Applied and Computational Engineering 7, nr 1 (21.07.2023): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230328.

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As an essential part of renewable energy, the solar photovoltaic technic grows rapidly with two main types: off-grid and grid-connected systems. This paper focuses on grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants and introduces the main physical principles of solar photovoltaics. Typical components of solar photovoltaic power plants are also presented, along with their functions. The extraordinary environmental impact and the relatively low and decreasing cost of grid-connected solar photovoltaics reflect its excellent development potential. Compared with other energy, grid-connected solar photovoltaics provides an alternative to conventional fossil fuel generation. With the improvement of silicon purification technology and the working efficiency of solar batteries, the scale of grid-connected solar photovoltaics power plants will be further expanded.
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Zhang, Weichen. "Main Contributions, Applications and Future Prospect of PV". MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603012.

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Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, the disadvantages of traditional fossil fuels are obvious, and people pay more attention to renewable energy. Due to the inexhaustible nature of solar energy, which helps to get rid of the dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic technology has been valued and developed. Photovoltaic (PV) technology can use the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and it is clean and pollution-free, avoiding harm to the environment. Photovoltaics has significant advantages over other types of renewable energy generation. Photovoltaics has made a significant contribution to social progress and has been widely used in today's society. Therefore, Photovoltaics outpaces other types of renewable energy generation, its development prospect is very impressive and has received strong support. This article aims to introduce the main contributions and applications of photovoltaics from different aspects and analyze development prospects and limitations of PV by explaining its technical principles.
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Yang, Shu-Xia, Yang Zhang i Xiao-Yu Cheng. "Economic modeling of distributed photovoltaic penetration considering subsidies and countywide promotion policy: An empirical study in Beijing". Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 14, nr 5 (wrzesień 2022): 055301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102574.

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Distributed photovoltaic power generation will not only help to achieve the strategic targets of peaking carbon emissions and carbon neutrality but also cause a series of impacts on the power grid at the same time. Forecasting the long-term development of regionally distributed photovoltaics can provide a reference for power grid planning and stable operation. In this paper, considering the effect of factors such as subsidies and countywide promotion policy of photovoltaics, a forecasting model for the development tendency of regionally distributed photovoltaics based on system dynamics is established. Then, taking Beijing as an example, an empirical analysis is carried out, and the effect of the proportion of self-consumption and the time when the subsidy is adjusted on distributed photovoltaic penetration is explored through sensitivity analysis. The simulation results show that the installed capacity achieved by the countywide promotion policy will become the main source of the installed capacity growth of distributed photovoltaics in Beijing after 2024. To continuously boost distributed photovoltaic penetration, relevant policymakers should consider the appropriate time when the subsidy is adjusted according to the installation cost of photovoltaic systems.
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Kouloumpis, Victor, Antonios Kalogerakis, Anastasia Pavlidou, George Tsinarakis i George Arampatzis. "Should Photovoltaics Stay at Home? Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Assessment on Roof-Mounted and Ground-Mounted Photovoltaics". Sustainability 12, nr 21 (2.11.2020): 9120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219120.

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Renewable energy technologies like photovoltaics may be considered an indispensable component of a low-carbon electricity mix, but social acceptance should not be taken for granted. For instance, in Greece there are still claims, especially in rural areas, regarding the land use and the competition against more traditional economic activities such as grazing. An argument in favor of confining to roof-mounted photovoltaic installations is the additional infrastructure requirements for ground-mounted larger-scale photovoltaics. These requirements reduce and could potentially negate their environmental benefits. The aim of this study is to investigate the life cycle environmental impacts of commercial ground-mounted photovoltaic farms and compare them against residential roof-mounted photovoltaic installations. Data were gathered for a 500 kW ground-mounted photovoltaic installation and for five roof-mounted installations of 10 kW capacity, each from the same area at the prefecture of Pella in Northern Greece. An LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) was performed and results show that panel production is the main contributor for both types and that ground-mounted photovoltaics—when no transmission/distribution infrastructure is considered—have lower impacts than the roof-mounted residential photovoltaic installations for all impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity. However, when located further than 10.22 km from grid connection, ground-mounted photovoltaics have higher impacts for almost all environmental impact categories.
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Zhang, Zhihan, Qiaoyu Wang, Demou Cao i Kai Kang. "Impact of Photovoltaics". Modern Electronic Technology 5, nr 1 (6.05.2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/met.v5i1.6315.

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Photovoltaics (PV) can convert sunlight into electricity by making use of the photovoltaic effect. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon) to utilise the photovoltaic effect and convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. Nowadays, PV has become the cheapest electrical power source with low price bids and low panel prices. The competitiveness makes it a potential path to mitigate the global warming. In this paper, we investigate the relationship of PC array output with irradiance and temperature, the performance of PV array over 24 hours period, and the simulation of PV micro grid by MATLAB simulation.
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Fanney, A. Hunter, i Brian P. Dougherty. "Building Integrated Photovoltaic Test Facility*". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, nr 3 (1.03.2001): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385823.

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The widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics appears likely as a result of the continuing decline in photovoltaic manufacturing costs, the relative ease in which photovoltaics can be incorporated within the building envelope, and the fact that buildings account for over 40% of the U.S. energy consumption. However, designers, architects, installers, and consumers need more information and analysis tools in order to judge the merits of building-integrated solar photovoltaic products. In an effort to add to the knowledge base, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multiple-year project to collect high quality experimental performance data. The data will be used to validate computer models for building integrated photovoltaics and, where necessary, to develop algorithms that may be incorporated within these models. This paper describes the facilities that have been constructed to assist in this effort. The facilities include a mobile tracking photovoltaic test facility, a building integrated photovoltaic test bed, an outdoor aging rack, and a meteorological station.
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Ryu, Hwa Sook, Song Yi Park, Tack Ho Lee, Jin Young Kim i Han Young Woo. "Recent progress in indoor organic photovoltaics". Nanoscale 12, nr 10 (2020): 5792–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr00816h.

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Organic photovoltaics are a promising candidate for indoor applications. Recent progresses in optimization of indoor photovoltaic materials and devices, and the key strategies to optimize the indoor photovoltaic characteristics will be discussed.
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Wei, Zhonghui, Xueqian Fu, Feifei Yang i Shaoqian Fan. "Comprehensive Economic Benefits Evaluation Model of Greenhouse Photovoltaic". Journal of Solar Energy Research Updates 9 (17.08.2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31875/2410-2199.2022.09.04.

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Abstract: Photovoltaic integrated greenhouse has become an important form of deep coupling between new energy power generation and facility agriculture. Greenhouse photovoltaic power generation will affect the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment of facility agriculture. The precise coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaics and loads is to carry out the basis for the calculation of comprehensive economic benefits of greenhouse photovoltaics. This paper studies the deep coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaic and greenhouse load, and accurately calculates the changes in the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment regulation load of facility agriculture caused by the laying of greenhouse photovoltaics. Firstly, the greenhouse photovoltaic power generation model and the environmental regulation load model of facility agriculture are established; secondly, the coupling relationship between greenhouse photovoltaic power generation and facility agricultural load is described, and on this basis, the comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model of photovoltaic power generation is proposed. The 10kV medium-voltage distribution network and facility agricultural greenhouse that exist in the northern region are used as the research objects. It verifies the validity of the photovoltaic comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model proposed in this paper.
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Jonathan, Luke, Lina Jaya Diguna, Omnia Samy, Muqoyyanah Muqoyyanah, Suriani Abu Bakar, Muhammad Danang Birowosuto i Amine El Moutaouakil. "Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Halide Materials for Photovoltaics towards Their Commercialization". Polymers 14, nr 5 (7.03.2022): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14051059.

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Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIP) photovoltaics have emerged as a promising new technology for the next generation of photovoltaics since their first development 10 years ago, and show a high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 29.3%. The power-conversion efficiency of these perovskite photovoltaics depends on the base materials used in their development, and methylammonium lead iodide is generally used as the main component. Perovskite materials have been further explored to increase their efficiency, as they are cheaper and easier to fabricate than silicon photovoltaics, which will lead to better commercialization. Even with these advantages, perovskite photovoltaics have a few drawbacks, such as their stability when in contact with heat and humidity, which pales in comparison to the 25-year stability of silicon, even with improvements are made when exploring new materials. To expand the benefits and address the drawbacks of perovskite photovoltaics, perovskite–silicon tandem photovoltaics have been suggested as a solution in the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. This tandem photovoltaic results in an increased PCE value by presenting a better total absorption wavelength for both perovskite and silicon photovoltaics. In this work, we summarized the advances in HOIP photovoltaics in the contact of new material developments, enhanced device fabrication, and innovative approaches to the commercialization of large-scale devices.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Photovoltaics"

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Lund, Miguel. "photovoltaics". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4412.

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Solcellsteknik med nätanslutning är relativt nytt i Sverige och lagarna är oklara vad gäller anläggningar på bostadshus villor och offentliga hus. I analysen redovisas den ekonomiska aspekten av producerad solcellsel och konsumtionen av denna. Solcellsanläggningen på kommunhuset i Mönsterås har studerats, varvid följande resultat har framkommit: från de installerade solcellerna (210 kvm), får man 10 % av den totala energiförbrukningen i byggnaden. Kostnaden för solcellerna och installationen av dem är subventionerade av staten med 70 %. För den resterande kostnaden skulle solcellerna vara i bruk i 24 år för att täcka kostnaden. Produktionen och förbrukningen i kommunhuset i Mönsterås har jämförts med två solcellsanläggningar i Malmö och Göteborg (hur stor del av den el som förbrukats av Malmö kårhus och av äldreboendet i Göteborg har utgjorts av el från solcellsanläggningarna). Det visade sig att även Malmös och Göteborgs solceller, stod för cirka 10 % av deras totala energiförbrukning, vilket visar att den teoretiska beräkningen av Mönsterås solceller stämmer. Lennart Söders förslag om nya bestämmelser är till för att utveckla och stödja utbyggnaden av nya förnybara källor. Det har visat sig att det är för stor skillnad mellan stora (större än 1500 kW)och små (max 1500 kW) anläggningars kostnader för anslutning och elöverföring till nätbolag. Elbolagens höga kostnader för elmätning, som krävs för elcertifikat har gjort att många valt att inte skaffa dessa elcertifikat. Elcertifikaten är till för att stödja utvecklingen av förnybara energianläggningar. Därför har Söder även gett föreslag till ett skäligt sätt att läsa av sin egen mätare enklare. Lennart Söder föreslår att avgiften för de små anläggningarna ska vara 3öre/kWh plus en fast kostnad för mätning, beräkning och rapportering av nätkoncessionshavarens nät under max. 10 år från produktionsstart. Från 2015 betalar alla full årlig nätavgift. Anläggningar med max 63 amperes säkringsnivå och som är anslutna till lågspänningsnät ska inte behöva rapportera timvis utan månadsvis. De ska dessutom själva kunna göra mätning och rapportering för elcertifikat. De lagar som diskuteras i denna analys är 4 § (2003:113) som handlar om ändring i elcertifikat och ellag (4 kap. 10 § 1997:857). Lönsamheten av en investering i en solcellsanläggning är beroende av tre faktorer; elpriset på elmarknaden, solcellernas pris på marknaden och bestämmelserna om mätningskostnaden av förnybar energi. leder Det kan inte bli lönsamt förrän elpriset har stigit och solcellsystemen har sjunkit i pris, så att de ligger i samma prisklass som inköp av el från ett elbolag.
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Lee, Jiye. "Singlet fission photovoltaics". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79496.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-151).
The efficiency of a solar cell is restricted by the "single junction limit," whereby photons with energy higher than the bandgap lose energy by thermalization. Singlet exciton fission splits a high-energy molecular excitation ("singlet" exciton) into a pair of lowenergy ones ("triplet" excitons). In solar cells, it promises to generate two electrons per photon, potentially overcoming the singlet junction efficiency limit. In this thesis, we present singlet-fission-based photovoltaic cells that generate more than one electron per photon. We first demonstrate organic photodetectors with quantum efficiencies reaching 100% by exploiting singlet exciton fission. Through study of the magnetic field dependence of the fission process, we find an optimum thickness of singlet fission layers that guarantees the nearly 100% conversion of a singlet into two triplets. By employing an exciton blocking layer and a light trapping scheme to the solar cell, we demonstrate the peak external quantum efficiency exceeding 100% in the visible spectrum. It is the first time that any solar cell has generated more than one electron per photon outside the UV spectrum. We also build a simple model that predicts the rate of singlet fission through intermolecular coupling, enabling rational designs of singlet fission molecules and devices. Finally, we propose a future direction-generating three electrons per photon. As a step toward this goal, we demonstrate singlet exciton fission in hexacene, whose energetics may allow a singlet to split into three triplets.
by Jiye Lee.
Ph.D.
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Taymur, Eyup. "Photovoltaics Systems Sizing". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259684298.

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McDonald, Calum James. "Alternative perovskites for photovoltaics". Thesis, Ulster University, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.722581.

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This thesis explores new types of perovskite and perovskite-like materials for photovoltaics, with a view towards demonstrating novel and low-cost materials such as metal oxide perovskites for photovoltaics. The first part explores the prototypical organometal halide perovskite CH3NH3Pbl3, where CH3NH3 = methylammonium (MA). MAPbl3 has been studied by the partial replacement of its organic component, MA, with the larger molecule ethylenediammonium (EDA), with the chemical formula NH3(CH2)2NH3. This in turn introduces vacancies into EDA-containing MAPbl3, which has allowed the study of a non-stoichiometric organometal halide perovskite. This work observed that the partial replacement of the MA molecule with a larger molecule reduced the hysteresis. Following this, the low-cost perovskite-like material methylammonium iodo bismuthate has been studied. Methylammonium iodo bismuthate has the chemical formula MA3Bi2lg (MABI), and forms a zero­dimensional network of Bi2lg bioctahedra with quantum confinement. MABI has been characterised and used to fabricate solar cells. This bulk material with an ordered zero-dimensional internal structure exhibits carrier multiplication, and this thesis has demonstrated the fabrication of MABI solar cells. The structure has also been shown to favourably accommodate a small quantity of quantum confined silicon nanocrystals, opening up an avenue of possible hybrid devices which can be explored. Building on this knowledge, this thesis then explores two perovskite oxide materials which have not previously been demonstrated in photovoltaics. Both perovskite oxides exhibit strong and broad visible light absorption which extends into the near-infrared spectrum. One of which, Sr-deficient strontium niobate (Sro.gNb03), exhibits metallic conduction, and has been demonstrated in a photovoltaic cell for the first time. This work demonstrates the possibility of extracting excited carriers in a metal oxide with metallic conduction. The metal oxide perovskite calcium manganite, Ca2Mn2O5, has also been explored for photovoltaics. Ca2Mn2O5 is a plasmonic metal oxide and is therefore highly attractive material for photovoltaics. Solar cells were successfully fabricated using Ca2Mn2O5, and these results demonstrate the possibility of carrier extraction and highlight great opportunities for solar energy harvesting.
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Dissanayake, Mudiyanselage Nanditha Madujith. "Semiconductor nanocrystal hybrid photovoltaics". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844501/.

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Semiconductive organic polymer and small molecule materials are widely researched for the fabrication of low cost, large area and flexible organic photovoltaic devices. Semiconductor nanocrystals which demonstrate size tuneable optical bandgaps, can be incorporated with organic materials to enable wider spectral absorption and consequently improve the power conversion efficiency (n) of organic photovoltaics. Hybrid systems fabricated with wide bandgap (CdSe, CdTe) nanocrystals have reported promising results to this end. However, in order to further increase the spectral absorption of solar irradiation, particularly in the energy rich near infrared region, narrow bandgap nanocrystal systems must be utilised in hybrid photovoltaic fabrication. Attempts of using Pb chalcogenide (PbS and PbSe) nanocrystals in hybrid architectures have not yet been completely successful. The aim of this project was to design, fabricate and characterise novel organic (fullerene) and PbS-nanocrystal based hybrid photovoltaic systems for broadband light harvesting. Small molecule organic materials (pentacene and tetracene) and C60 were used as the organic and fullerene materials together with PbS-nanocrystals synthesised in-house. Three primary device architectures were investigated, where PbS-nanocrystals were used as an electron donor, acceptor and also as a tandem layer. A PbS-nanocrystal/C60 hybrid photovoltaic device in which the nanocrystals act as charge donors demonstrated a thirty fold increase in short circuit current density (Jsc) upon removal of the as-synthesised oleic acid ligands studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric methods. XPS analysis demonstrated a shift in the binding energy of Pb4f7/2 orbital, attributed to the removal of oleic ligands. Furthermore, photosensitivity up to 1600 nm was demonstrated with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.025%, together with a maximum EQE of 3.3% at 450 nm. The PbS-nanocrystal/C60 hybrid photovoltaic architecture was optimized by exchanging the as- synthesised oleic ligands in PbS-nanocrystals to shorter butylamine ligands, characterised by photoluminescence and infrared spectroscopy, which improved charge carrier mobility. It was seen using atomic force microscopy that butylamine capped nanocrystals formed smooth non-porous films on the conductive substrates which enabled deposition of thinner nanocrystal films (100 nm) further improving charge extraction. An eight fold improvement of n was observed as compared to oleic capped based hybrid nanocrystal photovoltaics. Furthermore, it was found that carrier mobility of a PbS-nanocrystal film was improved by soaking in anhydrous methanol. Consequently, the hybrid photovoltaic fabricated after methanol treatment demonstrated a Jsc of 5 mAcm-2 and an n of 0.44%, which is the highest reported for a hybrid photovoltaic incorporating narrow bandgap nanocrystals, A maximum EQE of 35% at 400 nm and up to 5% EQE within the near infrared region was also demonstrated from this device. Further optimization of this photovoltaic system is discussed by modelling the maximum expected Jsc and by inferring properties controlling the open circuit voltage and fill factor. PbS-nanocrystals were also used as electron acceptors incorporated with acenes. Photoinduced electron transfer between tetracene/PbS-nanocrystals was seen to be more efficient as opposed to pentacene/PbS-nanocrystals, studied using photoluminescence quenching and EQE measurements. This phenomenon was explained using an interfacial effect between the pentacene/PbS-nanocrystals attributed to the permanent dipole moment of the nanocrystals. Furthermore, the possibility of using PbS-nanocrystals as a donor-acceptor tandem layer was investigated by fabrication of a multifunctional hybrid photovoltaic using tetracene and C60, which demonstrated up to two orders greater EQE in both the ultraviolet and near infrared. Device operations for all above architectures were justified by direct measurement of the PbS-nanocrystal energy levels using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry measurements. It is concluded that with suitable optimisations the novel photovoltaic systems studied here could be explored as a viable thin film photovoltaic technology.
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Wang, Wentao, i 王文韬. "Novel ferroelectric-semiconductor photovoltaics". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206435.

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Solar cells have been traditionally developed for optimizing three key steps for charge carriers: generation, separation, and transport. Conventional solar cells are essentially PN junction based, and utilize the internal electric field near the junction interface for realizing charge carrier separation. However, this kind of structure limits material choices and device fabrication to form a working junction due to issues such as lattice mismatch, doping, and band alignment. Ferroelectric photovoltaic devices with typical capacitor structure have been developed to overcome the junction caused disadvantage but suffer from the poor charge transport issue. In this work, novel ferroelectric-semiconductor photovoltaic devices were developed and investigated in detail with experimental results and theoretical simulation. This type of solar cell is fundamentally different with traditional PN junction based solar cells, utilizing ferroelectric polarization for charge separation in semiconductor layer. Systematical works have been conducted on: (1) device working principle and mechanism study; (2) effect of electrode; (3) influence of device key dimension parameters. The new cells showed the rectifying behavior and effective photovoltaic effect after specific asymmetric polarization. Furthermore, the device performance has been improved through adjusting electrode design and semiconductor layer thickness, which is mainly due to the optimized electric field strength and distribution resulting from polarization. As low cost commercial semiconductor, the multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) has great potential application in the novel ferroelectric-semiconductor photovoltaic devices. However, the grain boundaries with high density of defects limit the material electric properties. In order to improve the multicrystalline silicon transport property, a polar molecules system was developed to play the role in grain boundaries passivation. The small polar molecule composition and solution passivation process were carried out to optimize the passivation effect. The result showed the developed ZK series solutions reduced the Rsheet across large-angle grain boundaries by up to more than one order to be close to the bulk Rsheet. Also, the correlation between the grain misorientation and passivation effectiveness was built up.
published_or_final_version
Mechanical Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Mapel, Jonathan King. "Organic photovoltaics and concentrators". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44904.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 158-169).
The separation of light harvesting and charge generation offers several advantages in the design of organic photovoltaics and organic solar concentrators for the ultimate end goal of achieving a lower cost solar electric conversion. In this work, we explore two new device architectures. In antenna organic solar cells, we utilize external energy transfer mediated by surface plasmon polaritons to increase the efficiency of existing organic photovoltaic devices limited in performance by the exciton diffusion bottleneck. This unique architecture is analyzed for its functionality and the efficiencies of each added step is quantified. Although the introduction of additional energy transduction will ultimately introduce more losses, bypassing the exciton diffusion bottleneck offers the potential for increased efficiency through judicious device design. We also seek to enable the use of high efficiency inorganic solar cells in organic solar concentrators which aim to exploit high performance of the PV cells in low cost, nontracking configurations. By utilizing thin films of organic chromophores on high refractive index glass substrates, we are able to apply the recent advances of organic optoelectonics to the fluorescent concentrator platform, including near field energy transfer, solid state solvation, and phosphorescence. By reducing self-absorption losses, we demonstrate optical flux gains an order of magnitude greater than previously published results and thereby reduce the effective cost of inorganic solar cells by at least a factor of ten. Combined with the potential for low cost solution processing, the high flux gains and power efficiencies realized here should enable a new source of inexpensive solar power.
by Jonathan King Mapel.
Ph.D.
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Droessler, Laura Melanie. "Lead oxides for photovoltaics". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8a0216a2-3efe-4de4-a853-d5b6ec53eeee.

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This thesis investigates lead oxides as photovoltaic materials. Vacuum deposition methods and ex-situ annealing are used to produce different stoichiometries of lead oxide. The relationship between structure and the optoelectronic properties is then investigated. Following this, a number of photovoltaic devices are prototyped and a Kelvin probe used to determine and understand the band structure of devices. Thin films of PbO produced via air annealing of thermally evaporated lead consist of a mixture of two phases, orthorhombic and tetragonal, that determine the materials properties and effectiveness as absorber layer in a Schottky device. Films of higher tetragonal content are more photoactive, showing lower series resistance. Kelvin probe reveals that with an increasing work function of the PbO with increasing duration of the annealing, the Schottky barrier between PbO and Al increases, which results in a higher VOC. This trend is inverted when the Fermi level of PbO drops below that of ITO, creating an opposing junction. Reactively sputtered PbO2 films are highly conductive degenerate semiconductors. Increasing oxygen flow rate during deposition leads to increased resistivity and decreased mobility, resulting from a decrease in grain size. Alongside this an increase in carrier concentration is observed as the material gets less ordered at higher oxygen flow rates, which results in an increase in Fermi level. Due to its high conductivity the material is not photoactive, and the high work function between -5.6 and -5.8 eV does not allow the formation of a Schottky junction or a p-n junction with the evaporated p- type PbO. Post deposition annealing of the sputtered films leads to the formation of the more resistive Pb3O4 phase. This material shows lower carrier concentration and mobility, however, work functions are similarly high. The changes induced by the heat treatment are not substantial enough to be able to create a junction between the as-deposited and the annealed material, as is revealed by Kelvin probe and Hall Effect measurements. Heterojunctions between P3HT and Pb3O4 were made to test predictions made by KP measurements. A heat treatment on P3HT improved its electronic properties and raised the Fermi level, resulting in the transformation of a diode in to a photovoltaic device and a decrease in dark current.
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Flicker, Jack David. "Three dimensional carbon nanotube based photovoltaics". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41155.

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Photovoltaic (PV) cells with a three dimensional (3D) morphology are an exciting new research thrust with promise to create cheaper, more efficient solar cells by allowing for a "bottom up" approach to texturing thin film solar cells. This work introduces a new type of 3D PV device based on carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays. These arrays are paired with the thin film heterojunction, CdTe/CdS, to form a complete 3D carbon nanotube PV device (3DCNTPV). A complete theory for the power increase at off-normal angles of solar flux is developed for these cells. Marriage of a complicated 3D structure with production methods traditionally used for planar CdTe solar cell is challenging. This work examines the problems associated with processing these types of cells and systematically alters production methods of the semiconductor layers and electrodes to increase the short circuit current, eliminate parasitic shunts, and increase the open circuit voltage.
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Albarghouthi, Mohammad Talha. "Optimization of hydraulics and photovoltaics in a solar water heater with photovoltaic-powered pump". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ31541.pdf.

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Książki na temat "Photovoltaics"

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Häberlin, Heinrich. Photovoltaics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119976998.

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Susan, Roaf, i Walker Viv, red. Photovoltaics. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1996.

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Huang, Fei, Hin-Lap Yip i Yong Cao, red. Polymer Photovoltaics. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781782622307.

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Scheer, Roland, i Hans-Werner Schock. Chalcogenide Photovoltaics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527633708.

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Brabec, Christoph, Ullrich Scherf i Vladimir Dyakonov, red. Organic Photovoltaics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527656912.

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Kaushika, N. D., Anuradha Mishra i Anil K. Rai. Solar Photovoltaics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72404-1.

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Luque, Antonio L., i Andreev Viacheslav, red. Concentrator Photovoltaics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68798-6.

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Brabec, Christoph J., Vladimir Dyakonov, Jürgen Parisi i Niyazi S. Sariciftci, red. Organic Photovoltaics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05187-0.

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R, Wenham S., red. Applied photovoltaics. Wyd. 2. London: Earthscan, 2007.

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Applied photovoltaics. Wyd. 3. London: Earthscan, 2012.

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Części książek na temat "Photovoltaics"

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Jäger-Waldau, Arnulf. "Photovoltaics photovoltaic (PV) , Status of". W Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 7935–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_459.

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Slaoui, Abdelilah, Daniel Lincot, Jean François Guillemoles i Ludovic Escoubas. "Photovoltaics: Nanomaterials for Photovoltaic Conversion". W Nanotechnology for Energy Sustainability, 133–62. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527696109.ch6.

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Jäger-Waldau, Arnulf. "Photovoltaics photovoltaic (PV) , Status of". W Solar Energy, 174–211. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5806-7_459.

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Shishodia, P. K., i Gurinder Kaur Ahluwalia. "Photovoltaics". W Applications of Chalcogenides: S, Se, and Te, 371–407. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41190-3_10.

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Platt, Heather A. S., i Maikel F. A. M. van Hest. "Photovoltaics". W Inkjet-Based Micromanufacturing, 279–94. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527647101.ch17.

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Ganose, Alex. "Photovoltaics". W Springer Theses, 3–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55708-9_1.

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Borowitz, Sidney. "Photovoltaics". W Monographiae Biologicae, 121–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6519-6_11.

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Wrixon, Gerard T., Anne-Marie E. Rooney i Wolfgang Palz. "Photovoltaics". W Renewable Energy-2000, 52–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52347-2_5.

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Guerrero-Lemus, Ricardo, i Les E. Shephard. "Photovoltaics". W Low-Carbon Energy in Africa and Latin America, 149–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52311-8_6.

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Goetzberger, Adolf, Joachim Knobloch i Bernhard Voß. "Photovoltaics". W Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells, 1–4. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119033769.ch1.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Photovoltaics"

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Fanney, A. Hunter, Mark W. Davis i Brian P. Dougherty. "Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels". W ASME Solar 2002: International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sed2002-1055.

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Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today’s $2 billion dollar photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is the lack of validated predictive simulation tools needed to make informed economic decisions. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multi-year project to compare the measured performance of BIPV panels to the predictions of photovoltaic simulation tools. The existing simulation models require input parameters that characterize the electrical performance of BIPV panels subjected to various meteorological conditions. This paper describes the experimental apparatus and test procedures used to capture the required parameters. Results are presented for custom fabricated mono-crystalline, polycrystalline, and silicon film BIPV panels and a commercially available triple junction amorphous silicon panel.
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Wang, Gou-Jen, Wei-Zheng Chen i Ming-Way Lee. "A Novel Chloroplastmimic Photovoltaics With Full Visible Spectrum Operation". W ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34322.

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A novel and very simple chloroplastmimic photovoltaic scheme, in which water is photolyzed by a new photocatalyst fabricated by depositing a thin film of TiO2 on an array of carbon nanotubes (CNT), has been made. Multiple reflections within the photocatalyst extend the optical response from the ultraviolet range to the full visible range. Hydrogen ions with various concentrations are separated by an artificial thylakoid membrane, resulting in a transmembrane chemiosmotic potential, generating ion-diffusion-induced electricity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed simple chloroplastmimic photovoltaics can produce a photocurrent directly from visible light.
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Yang, Benjamin B., Jose L. Cruz-Campa, Gaddi S. Haase, Edward I. Cole, Paiboon Tangyunyong, Murat Okandan i Gregory N. Nielson. "Comparison of Beam-Based Failure Analysis Techniques for Microsystems-Enabled Photovoltaics". W ISTFA 2013. ASM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2013p0369.

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Abstract Microsystems-enabled photovoltaics (MEPVs) are microfabricated arrays of thin and efficient solar cells. The scaling effects enabled by this technique results in great potential to meet increasing demands for light-weight photovoltaic solutions with high power density. This paper covers failure analysis techniques used to support the development of MEPVs with a focus on the laser beam-based methods of LIVA, TIVA, OBIC, and SEI. Each FA technique is useful in different situations, and the examples in this paper show the relative advantages of each method for the failure analysis of MEPVs.
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Ritika, Kumari, Shubhanshu Rai, Bhasker Pandey i Ayush Dubey. "A Review on Future of Solar Desalination Technologies- Energy Input Outlook". W International Conference on Frontiers in Desalination, Energy, Environment and Material Sciences for Sustainable Development & Annual Congress of InDA. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.161.12.

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Due to global warming, freshwater sources are depleting, leading to scarcity of fresh water and affecting billions of people across the globe. Therefore, desalination technology is deployed to generate fresh water from salt water to meet the demand. Desalination is an energy-demanding process that takes a lot of power to run its operation, a significant barrier to its growth. Most of the energy in the form of electricity comes from the thermal power plant, which runs on fossil fuels, which leads to substantial emissions. Therefore, efforts are made to utilise solar energy using photovoltaics and solar thermal collector to generate energy in heat and electricity, which can be utilised in desalination technologies. According to International Renewable Energy Agency 2012, merely 1% of the water produced from total desalinated water is from renewable energy-based sources. Various thermal desalination technologies are presented in this review work. Further integration of photovoltaics and solar thermal collector as an energy input source with the desalination technology is discussed. It has been established that the simultaneous use of photovoltaics and solar thermal in desalination technologies could be a viable alternative to stand-alone photovoltaics and solar thermal-based desalination technologies because of simultaneous heat input and electricity improves specific energy consumption and energy efficiency reducing grid dependency. Solar photovoltaic thermal collector provides enhanced energy output within the same area, generating desalinated water at a lower cost and effectiveness of such systems, with some studies reporting up to a 59% increase in water production compared to conventional desalination processes. Apart from the economic and technical advantages found in the open literature, complicated system design, its control and operation strategy, and low technology maturity limit the deployment of photovoltaic thermal collectors in the real world, which requires further research.
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Emery, Keith, Allan Anderberg, Mark Campanelli, Paul Ciszek, Charles Mack, Tom Moriarty, Carl Osterwald, Larry Ottoson, Steve Rummel i Rafell Williams. "Rating photovoltaics". W 2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2013.6744086.

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"Silicon Photovoltaics". W The Technical Symposium 2017 at Solar Power International. Solar Energy Trade Shows, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26718/tts2017.3.3.

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Atwater, Harry A., Katsuaki Tanabe, Keisuke Nakayama, Vivian Ferry, Luke Sweatlock i Domenico Pacifici. "PLASMONIC PHOTOVOLTAICS". W Solar Energy: New Materials and Nanostructured Devices for High Efficiency. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/solar.2008.stud3.

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Jiangeng Xue. "Organic photovoltaics". W 2007 Asia Optical Fiber Communication and Optoelectronics Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aoe.2007.4410887.

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Kippelen, Bernard. "Organic Photovoltaics". W CLEO 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.2007.4453168.

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Boehm, Robert. "Assessment of Solar Development in Taiwan". W ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91020.

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A study of the state of solar energy development in Taiwan has been performed. In this work, general energy use, solar research issues, and solar manufacturing status and applications were surveyed in late 2011. It was found that there are active research efforts underway in a variety of solar technologies, primarily in photovoltaics, and to a limited extent in solar domestic water heating. Significant manufacturing capabilities in photovoltaic cells have developed within the last decade, and this has grown rapidly, such that Taiwan has edged out Germany for the number two spot in the list of top manufacturers. Very little in the line of photovoltaic installations are found on the island, however. Another characteristic in terms of solar water heating manufacturing and application is that not much is found in Taiwan in contrast to what has taken place on the mainland of China. Some government efforts to stimulate the Taiwanese consumer market both in photovoltaics as well as water heating are outlined, but goals for the PV installations seem overly optimistic based upon recent history.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Photovoltaics"

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Author, Not Given. Residential photovoltaics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1216667.

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Frantzis, L., S. Graham, R. Katofsky i H. Sawyer. Photovoltaics Business Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924651.

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Contreras, J. L., L. Frantzis, S. Blazewicz, D. Pinault i H. Sawyer. Photovoltaics Value Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924653.

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Warren, Emily, John Geisz, Jeronimo Buencuerpo, Talysa Klein, Bill McMahon, Tim Silverman, Paul Stradins i in. Hybrid Tandem Photovoltaics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1963068.

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Strandwitz, Nicholas, i Ben Davis. Tunneling Back-Contacted Photovoltaics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1542790.

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Strawn, N. Photovoltaics technical information guide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5637966.

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Jeffrey, Frank. Flexible Photovoltaics for Fabric Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, czerwiec 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395283.

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Bernholc, N. M., i P. D. Moskowitz. Biomonitoring for the photovoltaics industry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/113753.

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Paidipati, J., L. Frantzis, H. Sawyer i A. Kurrasch. Rooftop Photovoltaics Market Penetration Scenarios. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924645.

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Kumar, Jayant, i Sukant Tripathy. Biotechnology Route to Conformal Photovoltaics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maj 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423714.

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