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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Photovoltaic power generation – Developing countries"
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Onime, Clement Ehimika Ohireime, James Uhomoibhi i Ermanno Pietrosemoli. "An Augmented Virtuality Based Solar Energy Power Calculator in Electrical Engineering". International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 5, nr 1 (11.02.2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v5i1.3841.
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It is becoming increasingly important to include information about power generation from renewable energy sources in the training of electrical engineers. Solar energy is arguably the most common renewable energy source in use today. Providing practical hands-on training on solar energy power generation today requires the use of photovoltaic panel devices which are used for transforming solar energy into electrical energy.
In many developing countries, practical hands-on training on solar power generation is limited due to the cost of photovoltaic panel devices and so the training consists of theoretical and tutorial classes sometimes supported by remote and virtual laboratories.
This paper presents an augmented virtuality tool where real-time information from a mobile device’s sensors is used directly within a virtual or computer generated environment. The tool provides a practical context for hands-on tutorial exercises on solar energy power generation.
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Bocci, Enrico, Mauro Villarini, Luca Bove, Stefano Esposto i Valerio Gasperini. "Modeling Small Scale Solar Powered ORC Unit for Standalone Application". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124280.
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When the electricity from the grid is not available, the generation of electricity in remote areas is an essential challenge to satisfy important needs. In many developing countries the power generation from Diesel engines is the applied technical solution. However the cost and supply of fuel make a strong dependency of the communities on the external support. Alternatives to fuel combustion can be found in photovoltaic generators, and, with suitable conditions, small wind turbines or microhydroplants. The aim of the paper is to simulate the power generation of a generating unit using the Rankine Cycle and using refrigerant R245fa as a working fluid. The generation unit has thermal solar panels as heat source and photovoltaic modules for the needs of the auxiliary items (pumps, electronics, etc.). The paper illustrates the modeling of the system using TRNSYS platform, highlighting standard and “ad hoc” developed components as well as the global system efficiency. In the future the results of the simulation will be compared with the data collected from the 3 kW prototype under construction in the Tuscia University in Italy.
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do Nascimento, Felipe Moraes, Julio Cezar Mairesse Siluk, Fernando de Souza Savian, Taís Bisognin Garlet, José Renes Pinheiro i Carlos Ramos. "Factors for Measuring Photovoltaic Adoption from the Perspective of Operators". Sustainability 12, nr 8 (15.04.2020): 3184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083184.
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The diffusion of photovoltaic distributed generation is relevant for addressing the political, economic, and environmental issues in the electricity sector. However, the proliferation of distributed generation brings new administrative and operational challenges for the sustainability of electric power utilities. Electricity distributors operate in economies of scale, and the high photovoltaic penetration means that these companies have economic and financial impacts, in addition to influencing the migration of other consumers. Thus, this paper aims to systematically identify and evaluate critical factors and indicators that may influence electricity distributors in predicting their consumers’ adoption of photovoltaic technology, which were subjected to the analysis of 20 industry experts. Results show that the cost of electricity, generation capacity, and cost of the photovoltaic systems are the most relevant indicators, and it is possible to measure a considerable part of them using the internal data of the electricity distributors. The study contributes to the understanding of the critical factors for the forecast of the adoption of consumers to distributed photovoltaic generation, to assist the distribution network operators in the decision making, and the distribution sustainability. Also, it establishes the theoretical, political, and practical implications for the Brazilian scenario and developing countries.
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Numata, Masako, Masahiro Sugiyama, Wunna Swe i Daniel del Barrio Alvarez. "Willingness to Pay for Renewable Energy in Myanmar: Energy Source Preference". Energies 14, nr 5 (9.03.2021): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051505.
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The increased use of renewable energy is imperative as a countermeasure to climate change. As with conventional electricity generation technologies, public acceptance of renewables is an important issue, and willingness to pay (WTP) is a widely used indicator to assess such public attitudes. Unfortunately, the literature to date mostly covers developed countries, with few WTP surveys in developing countries. Tackling climate change is an urgent issue for these developing countries; therefore, understanding of public attitudes toward renewables in developing countries is crucial. This study conducted the first survey on WTP for introducing renewable energy in Myanmar. Although Myanmar boasts abundant renewable energy resources, including solar power and biomass in addition to large-scale hydro plants, its resources are not being properly utilized to generate electricity. This study surveyed WTP for power generation by solar photovoltaics, small hydropower, and biomass facilities. The results showed the highest WTP for solar power (USD 1.92) with 10% share in the energy mix, and lower WTP for biomass and small hydropower electricity generations (USD 1.13 and USD 1.17, respectively). Careful public communication is thus crucial for expanding biomass and small-scale hydro power plants.
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Jayaraju, Gaddala, i Gudapati Sambasiva Rao. "Intelligent controller based power quality improvement of microgrid integration of photovoltaic power system using new cascade multilevel inverter". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, nr 3 (1.06.2019): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1514-1523.
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<p>Now a day the power demand has a major problem for developing countries due to the growth of population, industries, IT companies and other needs. In this present situation the fossil fuel-based power generation alone does not support the consumer needs, poor power quality due to nonlinear function and very harmful for environment. The main objective of this paper is improving the power quality of grid connected photovoltaic power system through a new cascade H-bridge multilevel inverter. The proposed research work has been modelled and controlled by ANFIS intelligence in MATLAB simulation environment. The simulation results are analysed under various operating conditions for improve the performance of proposed system. Finally, the proposed system THD value of simulation results is compared with IEEE 1547 standard for prove the effectiveness of proposed research work.</p>
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Ab-BelKhair, Adel, Javad Rahebi i Abdulbaset Abdulhamed Mohamed Nureddin. "A Study of Deep Neural Network Controller-Based Power Quality Improvement of Hybrid PV/Wind Systems by Using Smart Inverter". International Journal of Photoenergy 2020 (16.12.2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8891469.
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Presently, climate change and global warming are the most uncontrolled global challenges due to the extensive fossil fuel usage for power generation and transportation. Nowadays, most of the developed countries are concentrating on developing alternative resources; consequently, they did huge investments in research and development. In general, alternative energy resources including hydropower, solar power, and wind energy are not harmful to nature. Today, solar power and wind power are very popular alternative energy sources due to their enormous availability in nature. In this paper, the photovoltaic cell and wind energy systems are investigated under various weather conditions. Based on the findings, we developed an advanced intelligent controller system that tracks the maximum power point. The MPPT controller is a must for the renewable energy sources due to unpredictable weather conditions. The main objective of this paper is to propose a new algorithm that is based on deep neural network (DNN) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT), which was simulated in a MATLAB environment for photovoltaic (PV) and wind-based power generation systems. The development of an advanced DNN controller that improves the power quality and reduces THD value for the microgrid integration of hybrid PV/wind energy system was performed. The MATLAB simulation tool has been used to develop the proposed system and tested its performance in different operating situations. Finally, we analyzed the simulation results applying the IEEE 1547 standard.
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Hussin, Farihahusnah, Gulnaziya Issabayeva i Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua. "Solar photovoltaic applications: opportunities and challenges". Reviews in Chemical Engineering 34, nr 4 (26.07.2018): 503–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2016-0058.
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Abstract The heavy reliance on fossil fuels, given their inevitable depletion and serious negative impact on the environment, has led to intensive scientific research to produce solutions which will ensure sustainable supply of energy based on renewable sources. Solar radiation is one of the major sources of clean and renewable energy with the potential to provide ample power for the growing human population in the long term. The current energy crisis is aggravated by the escalating concerns over the water quality especially in developing countries. There is great potential for utilisation of solar energy through solar photovoltaic systems throughout the world for electricity generation as well as water and wastewater treatment. Innovations in this area have opened new prospects to improve the quality of life for people as a whole. Hence, the focus of this review paper is to provide the reader with a brief history of solar photovoltaic systems, the various types of solar photovoltaic materials available and the solar cell efficiencies attained with the current solar photovoltaic technologies. Furthermore, applications of photovoltaic systems are discussed in terms of their societal economic and environmental effects.
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Wang, Ting, Qiya Wang i Caiqing Zhang. "Research on the Optimal Operation of a Novel Renewable Multi-Energy Complementary System in Rural Areas". Sustainability 13, nr 4 (18.02.2021): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042196.
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Sustainable development is an inevitable choice for the development of human society, and energy is closely related to sustainable development. Improving energy structure, increasing energy efficiency, and vigorously developing renewable energy are of great significance to the sustainable development of rural areas. Moreover, the establishment of a distributed multi-energy complementary system (MECS) using abundant renewable energy such as wind, solar, and biomass energy is an effective way to solve the rapid growth of rural power demand, weak rural power grids, and rural environmental pollution. This paper proposes a new type of Wind–Solar–Biomass–Storage MECS composed of wind power generation (WPG), photovoltaic power generation (PVG), biogas power generation (BPG) and energy storage system (ESS) and establishes a MECS optimization operation model with the goal of maximizing daily operating economic benefits, considering the characteristics of each power generation system and power demand characteristics. By using the multi-population genetic algorithm (MPGA), the simulation experiments of the MECS operation under four typical weather scenarios are carried out. The results show that the MECS can operate stably in different scenarios and achieve the goal of maximizing economic benefits, which verifies the feasibility of the MECS model. In addition, the simulation results are compared with the standard genetic algorithm (SGA), which shows the effectiveness of the optimization method. This paper takes Chinese rural areas as an example for research. The proposed MECS and optimal operation model are also applicable to developing countries with a high proportion of the rural population.
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Lins, Filipe de Souza, Vinicius A. da Silva, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Nilsa Duarte da Silva Lima i Mário César da Silva. "The efficacy of a dual-axis solar tracking device in tropical climate". Research, Society and Development 9, nr 11 (6.11.2020): e1029119637. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9637.
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The demand for energy and the pressure for reducing environmental impacts is increasing in developing countries, mainly in agricultural areas. The generation of electricity from photovoltaic panels can be economically and environmentally advantageous as a source of renewable energy and the ability to reach remote consumers. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of a photovoltaic system equipped with a sun-tracking device, comparing to a fixed panel. The test compared two panels of a photovoltaic cell system, one used a rotation module in two-axis, and the other a fixed one (control), for capturing solar energy throughout the day in a tropical region of Brazil. Solar energy data were obtained in the two photovoltaic panels with data continuously recorded six months, with a weather characteristic of high cloudiness and rainfall indexes. The commissioning of the tested photovoltaic panels was done on bright days. Power results indicated that the two-axis tracker system was useful during the test, presenting an increase of 26% when compared to the fixed panel. It was found that when the cloudiness and the rain index are very high, the sun tracking system might not be as efficient as foreseen. Rainfall and cloudiness index are essential factors for determining the feasibility of using a tracker device in tropical regions.
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Conteh, Abdul, Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy, Kiptoo Mark Kipngetich, Tomonobu Senjyu, Paras Mandal i Shantanu Chakraborty. "An Economic Analysis of Demand Side Management Considering Interruptible Load and Renewable Energy Integration: A Case Study of Freetown Sierra Leone". Sustainability 11, nr 10 (17.05.2019): 2828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102828.
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Like in most developing countries, meeting the load demand and reduction in transmission grid bottlenecks remains a significant challenge for the power sector in Sierra Leone. In recent years, research attention has shifted to demand response (DR) programs geared towards improving the supply availability and quality of energy markets in developed countries. However, very few studies have discussed the implementation of suitable DR programs for developing countries, especially when utilizing renewable energy (RE) resources. In this paper, using the Freetown’s peak load demand data and the price elasticity concept, the interruptible demand response (DR) program has been considered for maximum demand index (MDI) customers. Economic analysis of the energy consumption, customer incentives, benefits, penalties and the impact on the load demand are analyzed, with optimally designed energy management for grid-integrated battery energy storage system (BESS) and photovoltaic (PV)-hybrid system using the genetic algorithm (GA). Five scenarios are considered to confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed scheme. The results show the economic superiority of the proposed DR program’s approach for both customers and supplier benefits. Moreover, RE inclusion proved to be a practical approach over the project lifespan, compared to the diesel generation alternative.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Photovoltaic power generation – Developing countries"
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Bruce, Anna Gabrielle Photovoltaics & Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Capability building for the manufacture of photovoltaic system components in developing countries". Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Photovoltaics & Renewable Energy Engineering, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41861.
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The manufacture of photovoltaic (PV) system components has a role to play in the industrialisation and poverty reduction strategies of developing countries. It has also been suggested that small scale local manufacture of balance of systems components has the potential to improve the maintenance, installation and use of the technology. However, PV is a complex technology and most developing countries have not been able to build the capabilities required to manufacture PV system components of an appropriate quality and price, either in the modern or small scale sectors. The factors that determine the success of PV manufacturers in developing countries are therefore of interest. Previous studies on learning in the PV industry have been focused on industry-wide concerns and have not explicitly addressed enterprise-level capability building or challenges specific to developing countries. In particular, there has been very little published about small scale PV manufacture. This thesis therefore aims to improve understanding of the factors that influence capability building, with a view to assisting decision making in relation to PV manufacture in developing countries. The aims of the study have been fulfilled by the development and assessment of a software simulation training tool for PV cell production line engineers, the development of an analysis framework, and application of it to several case study PV enterprises. Through the application of the framework to the case studies, it has been possible to assess the role of software simulations, the suitability of countries with different types of infrastructure for hosting PV manufacturing and the institutional arrangements or interventions that could be used to promote capability building for PV manufacturers in developing countries. While further case studies are required to make more than tentative conclusions, the framework developed and tested in this thesis may now be used as a tool to systematically and rapidly analyse the appropriateness of different types of PV manufacture in particular countries, to identify the weaknesses in their PV technological systems and therefore to suggest where resources should be invested and where appropriate institutional changes could be made. The simulation software has been demonstrated to be an effective capability building tool, thus providing one of the key elements required for successful manufacturing.
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Aljamel, Suleiman Ahmed Mohamed. "A conceptual framework for power generation technology management for developing countries". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2010. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19245/.
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Most of the current approaches of technology management emphasis on the need of systematic technology management in both strategic and operational perspectives. The majority of developing countries have a problem to manage technology systematically and fail to implement management techniques effectively. There is a big gap between developed and developing countries in most fields of technology and the power generation sector is among them. The goal of this research work is to develop a conceptual framework for power generation technology management for developing countries. Also to draw a systematic guide lines and clear strategy to help decision makers to optimise their decisions to save resources and less harming to climate. In this work, a systematic approach is developed to select a suitable hard technology for power generation technologies selection using the AHP software. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to show how the decision is affected with the change in criteria and sub-criteria. After this objective is achieved, some other soft technologies are identified with their limits and integrated with hard technologies for power generation. A validation of the proposed model is provided using the questionnaire technique.
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Sriwannawit, Pranpreya. "Power to the people : Diffusion of renewable electricityin rural areas of developing countries". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166602.
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Nearly all the 1.3 billion people in the world with no electricity access live in developing countries. On the one hand, electricity is a basic need. On the other hand, the environment should not be further damaged. Thus, sustainable electricity in developing countries is clearly needed. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the mechanism of the diffusion and adoption of renewable electricity with particular focus on rural electrification among low-income inhabitants in developing countries. The dissertation is comprised of a cover essay and six appended papers with a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods based on several means of data collection. The first paper describes diffusion theory through a novel bibliometric tool. This novel method provides an overview, structure, and explanation of a large research area; complements a traditional literature review; and can be applied to any knowledge field. Here, the structure of the recent development of diffusion research, together with its application, are presented. With a specific focus on rural electrification among low-income inhabitants in developing countries, the diffusion framework is empirically applied with complementary concepts in the second, third, and fourth papers, based on three different cases. One case study investigates the adoption of electricity among rural inhabitants in Uganda and shows that a foreign company can be an important player in the rural electrification effort. Another case study addresses a large dissemination of photovoltaic systems provided by a local firm in Bangladesh and reveals that the diffusion of renewable energy can be effectively undertaken by a private local firm, rather than waiting for full government support or large multi-national corporations. The other case study discusses a small-scale diffusion of photovoltaic systems in a remote region in Thailand and presents an extreme case where full government support is necessary. In addition, through a systematic literature review, the barriers to adoption of photovoltaic systems are identified in the fifth paper, highlighting several remaining challenges. In the last paper, issues related to the transition to using photovoltaic systems in off-grid communities are discussed. The diffusion mechanism of renewable electricity has been shown to be a highly complicated process, having several unforeseeable and context-specific factors. A technology with superior qualities does not diffuse by itself but requires tremendous effort and close collaboration on the part of stakeholders. There are complex relations, on the one hand, between technology and society and, on the other hand, between technology providers and adopters. No single, fast, or straightforward remedy can address the complex nature of diffusion of renewable electricity in rural communities. Therefore, understanding the local context is highly important, indicating the need for empirical investigation. This dissertation offers several contributions concerning methodological, theoretical, empirical, managerial and policy. It also provides implications that may be relevant for actors who attempt to introduce, disseminate, and manage new energy technologies in rural communities.Nästan alla av de 1,3 miljarder människor som inte har tillgång till el bor i utvecklingsländer. Å ena sidan är el ett grundläggande behov. Å andra sidan bör miljön inte skadas ytterligare. Det finns således ett behov av förnybar el i utvecklingsländer. Avhandlingens syfte är att analysera mekanismerna bakom diffusion och införande av förnybar el med särskilt fokus på elektrifiering av landsbygden bland låginkomsttagare i utvecklingsländer. Avhandlingen består av en kappa och sex bifogade artiklar som är baserade på en blandning av kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder och innehåller flera olika typer av datainsamling. Den första artikeln beskriver diffusionsteori genom ett nytt bibliometriskt verktyg. Denna nya metod ger översikt, struktur, och förklaring till ett stort forskningsområde; den kompletterar en mer traditionell litteraturöversikt och kan tillämpas oavsett kunskapsområde. Här presenteras strukturen av den senaste utvecklingen inom diffusionsteori tillsammans med dess applikationsområden. Med ett särskilt fokus på landsbygdselektrifiering bland låginkomsttagare i utvecklingsländer tillämpas diffusionsramverket empiriskt med kompletterande koncept i den andra, tredje, och fjärde artikeln. Dessa artiklar är baserade på tre olika fallstudier. En fallstudie berör elektrifiering på landsbygden i Uganda och visar att utländska företag kan vara en viktig aktör i denna process. En annan fallstudie tar upp spridning av solcellssystem i stor skala som utförs av ett lokalt företag i Bangladesh och visar att spridning av förnybar energi effektivt kan genomföras av privata lokala företag, snarare än att vänta på statligt stöd eller stora multinationella företag. Den sista fallstudien diskuterar småskalig spridning av solcellssystem i en avlägsen region i Thailand och representerar ett extremfall som behöver full finansiering från staten. I den femte artikeln har hindren för införandet av solcellssystem identifierats genom en systematisk litteraturöversikt, artikeln belyser också många kvarstående utmaningar. Den sista artikeln diskuterar frågor som rör övergången till, samt användandet av solcellssystem i områden som inte är anslutna till elnätet. Diffusionsprocessen för förnybar el har visat sig vara mycket komplicerad med flera oförutsedda och kontextspecifika faktorer. Teknik med överlägsna egenskaper kan inte spridas av sig självt utan kräver stora ansträngningar och nära samarbete mellan de inblandade aktörerna. Det är komplexa relationer, å ena sidan mellan teknik och samhälle och å andra sidan mellan teknikleverantörer och användare. Det finns inte en perfekt, snabb eller enkel åtgärd för att ta itu med den komplexa karaktären av diffusion av förnybar el på landsbygden. Därför är förståelsen för den lokala kontexten av stor betydelse och detta understryker behovet av empiriska studier. Denna avhandling bidrar med kunskap som täcker områden som metodologi, teori, empiri, ledarskap och politik. Studien visar även på relevanta implikationer för de aktörer som försöker införa, sprida och hantera ny energiteknik till landsbygden.
QC 20150518
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Yuliyanti, Diana 1977. "Project finance for independent power producers in developing countries : the Paiton I project generation project in Indonesia". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8989.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 227-232).
Private investments for independent power producers (IPPs) in developing countries have grown substantially since 1990s as public utilities were unable to keep pace with the countries' electricity demand. The private investors' experiences, however, have not been as smooth as expected with the possibility of deterioration of relationship between the investors and the host governments. The investors' tendency to get high returns to compensate for the risks they perceive as high when investing in developing world sometimes supersedes the main concern of the host government, which is to satisfy the public demands with as low a cost as possible. Some agreements between the investors and the public entity that are crafted to stabilize returns to investors regardless the economic conditions of the host country have been ineffective when the initially anticipated conditions change sharply. The thesis develops a risk-sharing framework between private investors and host governments or public entities to provide mechanisms when the initially anticipated economic condition turns adverse. The framework is developed as a modification of the current model of agreements, with a particular focus being on power purchase agreements (PPAs). The Paiton I project, a coal-fired power generation project in Indonesia, serves as a case study. The Paiton I model PPA have been ineffective in dealing with the inability of the Indonesian public utility to honor the contract when the mid-1997 Asian crisis occurred. Several key lessons arise from the case analyses. The take-or-pay level in the tariff structure is high while the demand projection is over optimistic; the risk arrangement is imbalanced, with the public utility assuming the majority of market risks, currency risks, and force majeure risks; the politically well-connected local participant turned out to be liabilities when government changes; efforts to pursue settlement in the international arbitration resulting in decisions favorable to investors have been difficult to implement in times of crisis. Certain analyses and recommendations covering lessons for better arrangements are outlined. Competition, transparency, and appropriate risks mitigation efforts are the key factors. The thesis closes with a tariff benchmarking analysis to aid the contracted parties in the tariff renegotiation process.
by Diana Yuliyanti.
S.M.
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Onabanjo, Tosin. "Techno-economic and environmental assessment of gas turbines utilizing biofuels". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9280.
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The continued global reliance on fossil fuels with impact on resource depletion, human health, atmospheric pollution and environmental degradation has necessitated a global drive to integrate renewable fuels such as biodiesels. Biodiesels are described as “fuels composed of fatty acid methyl or ethyl esters and obtained from vegetable oils or animal fats”. Their use in energy generation could diversify the world’s energy mix, reduce fossil fuel dependence, reduce emissions and energy cost to bring about other economic benefits, especially for developing economies and rural communities with lack of adequate access to modern energy. A techno-economic and environmental life cycle assessment is however required to ensure that these fuels are fit for use in engines and meet any regulatory standard and sustainability criteria. This thesis has evaluated the use of Jatropha- and microalgae-biodiesel for power generation in two industrial gas turbines with open and combined cycle configuration. This was achieved using a techno-economic and environmental life cycle impact assessment framework. Comparative fuel assessments have been carried out between biodiesels and fossil fuels. Furthermore, the concept of microbial fuel degradation was examined in gas turbines. The thesis have identified Jatropha biodiesel as a worthwhile substitute for conventional diesel fuel, because it has close performance and emission characteristics to conventional diesel fuel with added advantage of being renewable. The consequent displacement of conventional diesel fuel with Jatropha biodiesel has significant environmental benefits. For economic viability and sustainability of gas turbine operated power plants, energy producers require a minimum monetary amount to recover the added cost of operating 100% Jatropha biodiesel. Other integration mechanisms are also available for utilizing the fuel in engines without compromising on plant’s economic performance. In worst case scenarios, where there are no government incentives, local conditions such as high life cycle cost of electricity, open opportunities for distributed and independent power generation from renewable fuels like Jatropha-biodiesel. Furthermore, this thesis has identified salient energy conversion processes that occur in gas turbine fuels, especially with biodiesels and developed a bio-mathematical model, Bio-fAEG to simulate these processes in gas turbines. This platform is a first step in quantifiable assessment and could enable a better understanding of microbial initiated processes.
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Gottberg, Karolina. "Energy, gender and poverty : How can solar power meet women´s electricity needs in poor rural areas in developing countries?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-44046.
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Renewable energy technique is increasing in popularity and usage. But the world´s current energy consumption is extensively uneven, and 1,6 billion people still live without access to electricity. The domestic work in rural areas is often very time and energy consuming; fetching water alone can take up to 5 hours or more per day. Due to gender inequality, women are the most responsible for the drudgery household work in rural areas in developing countries. Hence, women are more and worsely affected from the lack of access to electricity than men. Access to electricity can reduce the time consuming domestic chores with several hours per day. It can also benefit women´s empowerment, because all the extra time can provide new possibilities and freedoms. Rural women´s electricity needs are summarized by ENERGIA and UNDP. The needs can be divided in; mills for grinding, water pumps, indoor and street lighting and power for TV, radio, small enterprises etc. Solar power is an interesting alternative since it functions just as good off-grid and can be quickly installed. Solar powered waterpumps are a very good alternative whilst solar grinding mills are too cost intensive. Solar power provides affordable indoor and street lighting alternatives, thus street lighting can vary greatly in price. Solar power works good with smaller loads which requires constant power, such as a small refrigerator or a radio. The larger the loads, the greater the expences, so for large enterprices solar power is not yet a viable option. Hence, access to electricity is not enough, empowerment is just as important for women in order to actually gain more freedoms instead of more working hours due to extended hours of evening light.
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Kim, Bunthern. "Contribution to the design and control of a hybrid renewable energy generation system based on reuse of electrical and electronics components for rural electrification in developing countries". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0041/document.
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Bien que le gouvernement cambodgien s’efforce d’augmenter sa production d’électricité pour répondre à sa demande en énergie, il reste toujours dépendant de réseau électrique existant ou de l’extension du réseau dont le coût d’investissement initial est élevé. La solution temporelle consiste à employer un système de production d'énergie distribué qui présente un coût de cycle de vie inférieur et introduit une diversité de technologies pour répondre aux applications. Minimiser les impacts environnementaux représente un objectif majeur du développement durable, compte tenu de l'épuisement des ressources et des capacités d'adaptation limitées de l'environnement. Les ressources en énergies renouvelables ont été bien comprises comme les solutions pour alimenter le développement rural et réduire les impacts environnementaux de la production d’énergie. Suivant les progrès technologiques et de la demande croissante des consommateurs, de grande quantité de déchets électriques et électroniques ont entraîné de graves conséquences pour l’environnement. Les stratégies actuelles reposent principalement sur les techniques classiques de collecte et de traitement des déchets. Ce travail de thèse proposait une solution de réutilisation des composants électroniques dans un système d'énergie renouvelable hybride isolé pour la solution d'électrification pour la zone rurale. Une configuration choisie pour le système proposé est un système de génération hybride solaire-hydroélectrique, car les ressources solaires et hydrauliques sont abondantes dans les zones rurales du Cambodge. Les composants qui sont réutilisés dans la solution comprennent des blocs d’alimentation d’un PC (PSU) pour la partie solaire, des alimentations sans interruption (UPS) et des machines asynchrone triphasées pour la partie hydraulique. Les batteries automobiles usagées sont utilisées pour le stockage d’énergie. Ce travail de thèse aborde dans une première partie l’évaluation des impacts environnementaux de la solution de réutilisation proposée. Cette étude repose sur la méthodologie de l’Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV) qui compare les impacts du cycle de vie de la solution proposée à ceux d’une solution conventionnelle. La deuxième partie de ce travail traite des aspects technologiques de la solution de réutilisation, à la fois en théorie et en expérimentation. La première partie de cet aspect concerne la reconversion des blocs d’alimentations usagées. Le bloc d'alimentation, qui contient généralement l'un des quelques types de convertisseurs DC-DC isolés, est réutilisé comme contrôleur de charge, qui est le composant principal du système de générateur photovoltaïque. La dernière partie de cette thèse décrit une nouvelle configuration de générateur basé sur des moteurs asynchrone triphasés. Le générateur monophasé proposé basé sur une machine triphasée est une version modifiée d'une topologie à base de l’onduleur où deux enroulements sont alimentés séparément par sources d'excitation, et l'autre enroulement est connecté à la charge. Une nouvelle modélisation est proposée. Les résultats de simulation sont comparés aux résultats expérimentaux en alimentation sinus. La comparaison met en évidence une supériorité de la nouvelle configuration par rapport à l'ancienne en termes de rendement et de minimisation de pulsations de coupleWhile the Cambodia’s government is making effort to increase electricity production for its energy demand, it still remains dependent on the existing or the expansion of the centralized grid lines which have high initial investment cost. The temporally solution is to employ a distributed energy generation system which has lower life cycle cost and provides a diversity of technologies to meet the desired applications. Minimizing environmental impacts represents a major objective of sustainable development considering resources depletion and the limited capabilities of the environment to adapt. The potential of renewable energy resources has been well understood as the solutions to power rural development and to reduce the environmental impacts of energy generation. Due to advance in technologies and increasing consumer demands, there has been a vast amount of electrical and electronic waste which introduces severe impacts on the environment. The current strategies mainly rely on conventional waste collection and processing techniques for material recovery. This thesis proposed a solution of reusing discarded components in an isolated hybrid renewable energy system as the solution for electrification of rural Cambodia. This is frugal innovation, local solution with local materials for and with local people. A suitable configuration for the proposed system is a solar-hydro hybrid generation system since solar and water resources are plentiful in rural Cambodia. The components that are reused in the solution after being discarded include computer power supply units (PSUs) for the solar part, uninterruptable power supply units (UPSs) and three phase induction machines for the electrohydro part. Used auto-mobile batteries will be used for the system storage. The thesis presents in the first part the evaluation of the environmental impacts of the proposed reuse solution for rural electrification. The study of the environmental impacts is based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology which compares the life cycle impacts of the proposed solution to that of a conventional solution. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is achieved in order to evaluate the impacts of uncertainties of the environmental impacts. The second part of this work deals with the technological aspects of the reuse solution in both theory and experimentation. The first part of this aspect is focused on the repurposing of used computer power supply units (PSUs), through limited modifications of the circuits in order to increase its range of operation. The PSU which usually contains one of a few types of isolated DC-DC converters is repurposed as charge controller with MPPT control in a cheap micro-controller with very good results. The last part of this thesis studies a new configuration of generators based on re-used three-phase induction motors. The proposed single-phase generator is based on a three-phase machine in a modified version of the coupling and with a rather uncommon supply. Modelling is highly investigated. An inverterassisted topology where two windings will be supplied separately by two inverters for excitation and the remaining winding is connected to load. A new modeling of the generator has been studied. The results of simulation were compared to experimental test results in open loop study. These results have demonstrated the advantages of the new configuration in comparison to the previously proposed inverter-assisted topology in term of efficiency and minimization of torqueripple
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Priatna, Dedy Supriadi. "Indonesian private power generation lessons learned from developed and developing countries". 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29003991.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1993.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-109).
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Wang, Wenhong, i 王文宏. "Developing a System To Analyze The power Generation From Photovoltaic Modules In Four Directions". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95705954427675093059.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
模具工程系碩士班
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Taiwan is a island style economic system ,lack of energy source and is not similar to many other countries own nature resources all over the world .In Taiwan ,the energy source is important about over 90 percent and the location in the subtropics with plenty sunshine is very suitable to use the solar energy. Especially in the south of Taiwan , it is full of sunshine around the year and fit to develop the application of solar energy. The paper is to discuss the PV in different time and seasons to present the relative between the sunshine , temperature and generating electric of daily and monthly .It can make a reference material to supply people in livelihood from power using . In order to match up spreading the new energy demonstration of Taiwan government , Our lab design and build up a photovoltaic(PV) Christmas tree on the north area of National Science And Technology Museum, located on outdoor resource energy show area to set up devices to gather data and cultivate to monitor the effective of generation power. They are including thermograph , insolation instrument and so on .The software design for the acquisition system is used the LabView to gather data in strategy locations between four directions .We can optimize setup of PV power system .
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Babajide, Abisoye. "Solar electrification to improve power access in urban areas in developing countries at no additional cost : case study of Nigeria". Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49745.
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O acesso à eletricidade está associado à melhoria dos meios de subsistência, educação, saúde, crescimento económico e redução geral da pobreza. A grande maioria das pessoas que vivem sem, ou com acesso não fiável, a energia elétrica encontra-se na África subsaariana e sudeste asiático. Apesar de ser a maior economia de África, a Nigéria sofre de problemas graves de cortes frequentes de energia, obrigando muitos residentes a procurar opções de auto-geração, sobretudo geradores a diesel, com custos de investimento inicial relativamente baixo, mas que trazem riscos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Uma alternativa viável são os sistemas fotovoltaicos; no entanto, o investimento inicial é muito maior em comparação com os geradores a diesel, criando uma barreira para muitos nigerianos. A primeira parte desta tese explora a opção de geração de eletricidade solar em ambiente urbano, mais limpa e mais acessível, aumentando o acesso fiável a eletricidade e reduzindo, ou eliminando, o uso de geradores a diesel. Propõe-se um caminho para a implementação em larga escala de sistemas fotovoltaicos domésticos em ambiente urbano, com o custo coberto pela poupança de combustível, possibilitado por uma política eficaz que melhora o acesso a opções de financiamento. Aproveitando dados reais de uma campanha de monitorização de consumo de eletricidade em Lagos, o centro comercial da Nigéria, os resultados mostram uma oportunidade para reduzir ou eliminar o uso de geradores a diesel aplicando a poupança de custos de combustível para financiar sistemas fotovoltaicos. A segunda parte desta tese trata do setor comercial, que tem sido significativamente prejudicado pela pouca disponibilidade de eletricidade confiável. Quase metade das empresas na Nigéria identificou a eletricidade como um grande obstáculo, com mais de um quarto delas apresentando a eletricidade como maior obstáculo. As perdas comerciais devido a interrupções elétricas são significativas, com perdas médias estimadas de cerca de 16% das vendas anuais. A falta de acesso a eletricidade confiável é um dos maiores desafios para o crescimento económico na Nigéria. É proposto um meio de fornecer energia ao setor comercial através de eletrificação solar por enxame (swarm). É descrita uma estrutura conceitual para o uso de uma rede distribuída composta de sistemas fotovoltaicos domésticos ligados à rede como uma opção viável para fornecer ao setor comercial um acesso mais confiável à eletricidade. Finalmente, são abordadas as implicações de política para o setor comercial com mais opções de eletrificação, implicações que incluem um forte impacto económico e a expansão e criação de novas indústrias.Access to electricity has been linked to improved livelihood, education, health, economic growth, and overall poverty reduction. The vast majority of people living without electricity or unreliable electricity access are concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Despite being the largest economy in Africa, Nigeria suffers from severe power outages, forcing many residents to seek self-generation options. By far, the most adopted option has been diesel generators that have a relatively low initial investment cost but carry health and environmental risks. A viable alternative is solar photovoltaic systems; however, the initial investment is much higher compared to diesel generators, creating a barrier for many Nigerians. Part one of this thesis addresses making cleaner electricity generation through solar PV systems more attainable, increasing access to more reliable electricity, and reducing or eliminating the use of diesel generators. It proposes a pathway for securing residential solar PV systems with the cost covered through fuel savings and enabled by an effective policy that improves access to financing options. Leveraging real data from a monitoring campaign in Lagos, the commercial hub of Nigeria, results show an opportunity to reduce or eliminate the use of diesel generators by applying fuel cost savings to finance solar PV systems. The second part of this thesis addresses Nigeria's commercial sector, which has been significantly hampered due to the poor availability of reliable electricity. Nearly half of the firms doing business in Nigeria have identified electricity as a major constraint, with over a quarter of them listing electricity as their biggest obstacle. The business losses due to electrical outages are significant, with losses averaging about 16% of annual sales. The lack of access to reliable electricity is one of the biggest challenges to economic growth in Nigeria. A means of powering the commercial sector in Nigeria using urban swarm electrification is proposed. This thesis outlines a conceptual framework for using a distributed network made up of grid-connected home solar PV systems as a viable option for providing the commercial sector with more reliable access to electricity. It further addresses the policy implications for the commercial sector with the enablement of more electrification options, implications that include strong economic impact, and the expansion and creation of new industries.
Książki na temat "Photovoltaic power generation – Developing countries"
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Roberts, Allen F. The introduction of space technology power systems into developing countries. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.
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Munro, Donna. Trends in PV power applications in selected IEA countries between 1992 and 1997\. Paris: International Energy Agency, 1998.
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Foley, Gerald. Photovoltaic applications in rural areas of the developing world. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1995.
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McNelis, Bernard. Solar-powered electricity: A survey of photovoltaic power in developing countries. London: Intermediate Technology Publications in association with UNESCO, 1988.
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Bill, C. M. Photovoltaic generation of electricity in developing countries: An economic social and technical appraisal. Manchester: UMIST, 1985.
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Moore, Edwin A. Prospects for gas-fueled combined-cycle power generation in the developing countries. Washington, D.C. (1818 H St. N.W., Washington 20433): World Bank Industry and Energy Dept., PRE, 1991.
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Robert, Bacon. Estimating construction costs and schedules: Experience with power generation projects in developing countries. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1996.
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McNelis, Bernard, Michael Starr i Anthony Derrick. Solar-Powered Electricity: A Survey of Photovoltaic Power in Developing Countries. Intermediate Technology, 1988.
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Sun power: How energy from the sun is changing lives around the world, empowering America, and saving the planet. 2014.
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Chandrasekharam, D., i Jochen Bundschuh. Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Resources for Power Generation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Photovoltaic power generation – Developing countries"
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Alawneh, Firas, Aiman Albatayneh, Mohammad Al-Addous, Yaqoub Al-Khasawneh i Zakariya Dalalah. "Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Power Systems in Jordan: The Past, the Present and the Future?" W Advanced Studies in Energy Efficiency and Built Environment for Developing Countries, 155–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10856-4_15.
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"Electricity Generation by Photovoltaic Power Stations". W Energy Issues and Options for Developing Countries, 158–64. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429265648-17.
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"CCTs in developing countries". W Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation, 273–94. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15512-16.
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"Electricity Generation by Micro-Hydro Power Stations". W Energy Issues and Options for Developing Countries, 152–57. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429265648-16.
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Kumar, Rajendra, i A. K. Singh. "Strategy for a sustainable programme of thermal power generation". W Environmental Impact Assessment for Developing Countries, 52–75. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-1190-9.50009-x.
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Bates, J. R., B. Mcnelis, A. Arter i W. Rijssenbeek. "Deployment of Photovoltaic Technologies: Co-Operation with Developing Countries. Task IX of the International Energy Agency’s Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme". W Sixteenth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 2989–92. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315074405-244.
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Lee, Byunghong, i Robert Bob Chang. "A New Generation of Energy Harvesting Devices". W Solar Cells [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94291.
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This chapter has been mainly focused on the development and fabrication of various nanostructured materials for electrochemical energy conversion, specially, third generation (3rd) thin film photovoltaic system such as organic dye or perovskite -sensitized Solar Cells. Enormous efforts have been dedicated to the development of a variety of clean energy, capable of harvesting energy of various forms. Among the various energy forms, electrochemical devices that produce electric energy from chemical energy have received the most attention as the most promising power sources. In the majority of cases, researchers who come from the different background could engage on certain aspects of the components to improve the photovoltaic performances from different disciplines: (i) chemists to design and synthesize suitable donor–acceptor dyes and study structure–property relationships; (ii) physicists to build solar cell devices with the novel materials, to characterize and optimize their performances, and to understand the fundamental photophysical processes; and (iii) engineers to develop new device architectures. The synergy between all the disciplines will play a major role for future advancements in this area. However, the simultaneous development of all components such as photosensitizers, hole transport layer, photoanodes and cost effective cathode, combined with further investigation of transport dynamics, will lead to Photovoltaic cells, 30%. Herein, in this book, with taking optimized processing recipe as the standard cell fabrication procedure, imporant breakthough for each components is achieved by developing or designing new materials, concepts, and fabrication technique. This book report the following studies: (i) a brief introduction of the working principle, (ii) the detailed study of the each component materials, mainly including TiO2 photoanode under the category of 0D and 3D structures, strategies for co-sensitization with porphyrin and organic photosensitizers, and carbon catalytic material via controlled fabrication protocols and fundamental understanding of the working principles of electrochemical photovoltaic cell has been gained by means of electrical and optical modelling and advanced characterization techniques and (iii) new desgined stratages such as the optimization of photon confinement (iv) future prospects and survival stratagies for sensitizer assisted solar cell (especially, DSSC).
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Gwangwava, Norman. "Manufacturing Information and Database Systems Adoption and Usage Trends in Developing Countries". W E-Manufacturing and E-Service Strategies in Contemporary Organizations, 72–92. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3628-4.ch004.
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Data and information has become a central productive and strategic asset, and the success of the organization depends on its ability to gather, produce, maintain, and disseminate this information for its benefit and those in its value chain. The chapter details the results from a study concerning different types of software packages used by manufacturing and engineering firms in developing countries. The participants were categorized into six industries: academic, power generation, manufacturing chemicals, manufacturing engineering, mining, and transportation. The study revealed that 97% of the companies had a software package installed for their operations. The “big six” software packages found to be in use are Syspro, Sage, SAP, ELLIPSE, Navision, and SCADA DELTA. In the manufacturing sector, Syspro has the largest market share: 86%. ELLIPSE is largely used in the mining sectors. Companies spend about $20,000 as initial investment on the software and about $2,000 annually on license fees. More than 50% of the software users are satisfied with the performance of their software packages.
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HARTSHORN, J. E. "INTRODUCTION: NATURAL GAS DEVELOPMENT BEGINS AT HOME††Based on a paper originally delivered to the EGPC-IEOC International Seminar on Natural Gas and Economic Development, Cairo, 26-27 February 1982. Japan's LNG consumption was deliberately decided on to diversify imports into an economy lacking any indigenous fuel, and is used to a large extent in power generation, a bulk use taking no advantage of any of the inherent “form value” of natural gas except freedom from sulphur. “OPEC and the Development of Fourth World Oil,” and inaugural lecture at the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, February 1977." W The Economics of Natural Gas in Developing Countries, 111–18. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-032780-8.50004-8.
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Alshaalan, Abdullah. "Basic Concepts of Electric Power System Planning". W Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 306–25. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4501-0.ch016.
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Power systems' planning, particularly in developing countries, faces enormous challenges and problems such as defining the future load growth in the face of uncertainties. Renewable energies are coming to the arena and affecting the planning of power and energy systems. The relation between power generation, transmission, and distribution entities, as well as the need for consolidating the dispersed electric utilities in the isolated regions is a prerequisite for future planning. Plenty of technologies, systems, and contractors are coming off the road while an optimal reliability levels need to be achieved. This chapter attempts to display the most tedious and prominent problems and challenges that face innovating the electric power systems which must be based on two major factors, namely reliability and cost. This chapter will help in drafting a new contracting style that mitigate obstacles that face power systems planners and concerned agencies while planning and operating electric power facilities.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Photovoltaic power generation – Developing countries"
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Islam, Mazharul, M. Ruhul Amin i A. K. M. Sadrul Islam. "Renewable Energy Powered Rural Community Development Centres in the Developing Countries". W ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88085.
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People in the developing countries who lack basic services and economic opportunities are primarily concerned with improving their living conditions. At present, unemployment problem in the rural areas of the developing countries are diversifying the moral values and social responsibilities of unemployed youth. To solve the problem, rural development centres (involving vocational training, IT services and other productive activities) can contribute significantly for the upliftment of these rural youths and can transform them into grass-root entrepreneurs. One critical factor hindering the establishment of such rural development centers is access to affordable and reliable energy services. Under this backdrop, environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in providing much needed energy in the unserved or underserved rural development centers in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. The paper demonstrates that energy deficient, economically backward communities in the off-grid areas of the developing countries, can be given an array of opportunities for income generation and social progress through rural development centers with the aid of renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and micro-hydro), thereby improving their standard of living. Poverty alleviation in rural areas can be accomplished and the critical role of access to adequate level of energy services, Information Technology (IT) and modern communication facilities in it demonstrated. Furthermore, the production, implementation, operation and maintenance of renewable energy applications being labor-intensive, will also result in job growth in the village context, preventing migration of labor force, especially of young men, from rural areas to overcrowded industrial areas. An appropriately designed renewable energy systems can also have a significant role in reducing the impact of climate change through non production of green house gases.
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Orosz, Matthew S., i Amy V. Mueller. "Dynamic Simulation of Performance and Cost of Hybrid PV-CSP-LPG Generator Micro Grids With Applications to Remote Communities in Developing Countries". W ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49513.
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Energy infrastructure in rural areas of developing countries is currently deployed on an ad-hoc basis via grid extension, public and private sector solar home system (SHS) service using photovoltaic (PV) panels, and community distributed generation systems, also called mini or micro grids. Universal access to energy is increasingly pursued as a policy objective via e.g. the U.N. Millennium Develop Goals (MDG), Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All), and U.S. Power Africa initiatives. Rational allocation of energy infrastructure for 1.6b people currently lacking access requires a screening process to determine the economic break-even distance and consumer connection density favoring topologically diverse energy technology approaches. Previous efforts have developed approaches to determine grid-connection break-even distances, but work on micro-grid and SHS break-even distance and density is limited. The present work develops an open access modeling platform with the ability to simulate various configurations of PV, Concentrating Solar Power (CSP), and fueled generator backup systems with exhaust waste heat recovery. Battery and thermal storage options are examined, and typical meteorological year (TMY) data is combined with probabilistic and empirical load curve data to represent the appropriate physical dynamics. Power flow control strategy and infrastructure is optimized for a minimum tariff (USD/kWh) for cost recovery. Cost functions derived from manufacturers’ data enable performance and economic assessment for a case study micro grid in Lesotho.
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Agboola, O. Phillips, Faut Egelioglu i O. Mary Agboola. "The Feasibility Study of Household Units PV Cells for Carbon Emission Reduction in Developing Countries: A Case Study of N. Cyprus". W ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90346.
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In this paper the feasibility of using photovoltaic cells to reduce electricity generation from fossil fuels in North Cyprus (N. Cyprus) was studied. In this work it is proposed to use photovoltaic systems to power heating and cooling systems (i.e., mainly heat pumps) in household units and it was found that this is economically feasible. It was also discovered that despite the extensive use of solar water heaters in N. Cyprus, the awareness of photovoltaic cells is still very low and few house owners take advantage of its economic and environmental friendliness. It was also observed that PV cells are not widely available in the local market; coupled with the fact that formal awareness of energy friendly electricity means is not well promoted in developing countries. The result of this work shows that about 40% of yearly electricity consumption in N. Cyprus, which is mainly generated from plants using fuel oil no. 6, can be reduced if all household units use PV systems to heat or cool the house depending on the weather conditions. According to the electricity forecast carried out in this paper it was observed that the annual net electricity consumption is expected to increase by 30.65% in the year 2015. This means that the utility company will need to augment its current facilities to accommodate the increment; by expanding its facilities or opting for energy conservation policies. The latter has proved to be inefficient in this part of the world; the former will increase the use of fossil fuel thereby increasing the CO2 emission. This work also provides economic analysis for PV systems investment for household owners and policies to help increase availability of PV cells in N. Cyprus market.
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Bouakra, Abdellah, Fouad Slaoui-Hasnaoui i Semaan Georges. "Voltage regulation of power distribution networks interconnected with a decentralized photovoltaic power producer". W 2016 3rd International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/redec.2016.7577554.
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El-Rab, Mostafa Gad, Mohamad Ramadan i Mahmoud Khaled. "Thermodynamic analysis of power generation from solar chimney". W 2014 International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/redec.2014.7038526.
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Islam, Mazharul, A. K. M. Sadrul Islam i M. Ruhul Amin. "Small-Scale Decentralized Renewable Energy Systems for the Remote Communities of the Developing Countries". W ASME 2005 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pwr2005-50068.
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About 2 billion people of the world, mostly in rural areas of the developing countries, do not have access to grid-based electricity. The most critical factor affecting their livelihoods is access to clean, affordable and reliable energy services for household and productive uses. Under this backdrop, renewable and readily available energy from the nature can be incorporated in several proven renewable energy technology (RET) systems and can play a significant role in meeting crucial energy needs in these remote far flung areas. RETs are ideal as distributed energy source and they can be incorporated in packages of energy services and thus offer unique opportunities to provide improved lighting, health care, drinking water, education, communication, and irrigation. Energy is also vital for most of the income-generating activities, both at the household or commercial levels. Access to energy is strongly connected to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which set targets for poverty reduction, improved health, and gender equality as well as environmental sustainability. Environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in the above-mentioned unserved or underserved areas in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. This is important in the context of sustainable development in: (i) poverty alleviation, (ii) education, (iii) gender equity and empowerment, (iv) health including other benefits like improved information access through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) centers, (v) better security, and (vi) increase in social or recreational opportunities. It is evident that proliferation of renewable energy resources through implementing their applications for meeting energy demand will promote all the three dimensions namely, social, economic and environmental of sustainable development in the developing countries. Several small scale enabling RET systems have been suggested in this paper in the light of above-mentioned issues of energy sustainability and they can significantly contribute to the improvement of the livelihood of the remote impoverished rural communities of the developing countries. With the current state of technology development, several RET systems (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and microhydro) have become successful in different parts of the world. In this paper, an exhaustive literature survey has been conducted and several successful and financially viable small-scale RET systems were analyzed. These systems have relevance to the economies of the developing countries that can be utilized for electrification of domestic houses, micro enterprises, health clinics, educational establishments and rural development centers.
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malah, Mohammed El, Abdellfattah Ba-razzouk, El Hassane Abdelmounim i Mhamed Madark. "Backstepping Controllers Design for a Grid Connected Wind-Photovoltaic Hybrid Power System". W 2020 5th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/redec49234.2020.9163885.
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Ouali, Hanane Ait Lahoussine, Benyounes Raillani, Sara El Hassani, Mohammed Amine Moussaoui, Ahmed Mezrhab i Samir Amraqui. "Techno-Economic Evaluation of Very Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plant, Case Study:Eastern Morocco". W 2020 5th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/redec49234.2020.9163890.
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Egbon, Collins, Abigail Oyekola i Tek-Tjing Lie. "Design of Stand Alone Photovoltaic System in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Kano, Nigeria". W 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec.2018.8757895.
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Del Pero, C., F. M. Butera, M. Buffoli, L. Piegari, L. Capolongo i M. Fattore. "Feasibility study of a solar photovoltaic adaptable refrigeration kit for remote areas in developing countries". W 2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccep.2015.7177568.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "Photovoltaic power generation – Developing countries"
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Rusk, Todd, Ryan Siegel, Linda Larsen, Tim Lindsey i Brian Deal. Technical and Financial Feasibility Study for Installation of Solar Panels at IDOT-owned Facilities. Illinois Center for Transportation, sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-024.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center assessed the administrative, technical, and economic aspects of feasibility related to the procurement and installation of photovoltaic solar systems on IDOT-owned buildings and lands. To address administrative feasibility, we explored three main ways in which IDOT could procure solar projects: power purchase agreement (PPA), direct purchase, and land lease development. Of the three methods, PPA and direct purchase are most applicable for IDOT. While solar development is not free of obstacles for IDOT, it is administratively feasible, and regulatory hurdles can be adequately met given suitable planning and implementation. To evaluate IDOT assets for solar feasibility, more than 1,000 IDOT sites were screened and narrowed using spatial analytic tools. A stakeholder feedback process was used to select five case study sites that allowed for a range of solar development types, from large utility-scale projects to small rooftop systems. To evaluate financial feasibility, discussions with developers and datapoints from the literature were used to create financial models. A large solar project request by IDOT can be expected to generate considerable attention from developers and potentially attractive PPA pricing that would generate immediate cash flow savings for IDOT. Procurement partnerships with other state agencies will create opportunities for even larger projects with better pricing. However, in the near term, it may be difficult for IDOT to identify small rooftop or other small on-site solar projects that are financially feasible. This project identified two especially promising solar sites so that IDOT can evaluate other solar site development opportunities in the future. This project also developed a web-based decision-support tool so IDOT can identify potential sites and develop preliminary indications of feasibility. We recommend that IDOT begin the process of developing at least one of their large sites to support solar electric power generation.