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Williams, Stuart DeSimone Joseph M. "Nanopatterning with PFPE elastomers materials and photovoltaic applications /". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2010. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2933.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2010.Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 23, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry." Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.
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Santos, Dayana Moscardi dos. "Compostos butílicos de estanho em tecidos de bagres estuarinos (Siluriformes, Ariidae) da costa sul e sudeste brasileira: monitoramento e toxicidade". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21137/tde-10122012-161433/.
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Compostos butílicos de estanho (BTs) estão na lista dos contaminantes impactantes relacionados ao ambiente marinho. Sua ampla distribuição associada à elevada toxicidade faz com que o monitoramento desses compostos no ambiente costeiro seja de fundamental importância. A ocorrência de BTs foi verificada em sedimentos superficiais, material particulado em suspensão e nos tecidos (fígado e brânquias) de três espécies de bagres estuarinos: Cathorops spixii, Aspistor luniscutis e Genidens genidens; amostrados em 8 estuários da região sul e sudeste brasileira. As análises foram realizadas através de GC-PFPD, seguindo padrões de controle de qualidade analítico e onde foi constatada a ocorrência de efeito matriz sobre o sistema analítico a partir da quantificação das amostras de tecido. Dentre os estuários amostrados, verificou-se um maior impacto dos BTs sobre os sistemas estuarinos de Paranaguá e Itajaí, em decorrência da presença destes compostos em todos os compartimentos ambientais analisados. As três espécies investigadas puderam ser consideradas como biomonitoras da presença de BTs no ambiente, uma vez que são passíveis de assimilação destes compostos, mesmo em organismos amostrados em regiões distantes de potencias fontes de entrada. Os efeitos sobre a fisiologia de C. spixii amostrado em Paranaguá também foi investigada a partir do uso de biomarcadores no fígado desses organismos, constatando um impacto associado à presença destes contaminantes no sistema.Butyltin compounds (BTs) are in the list of related contaminants striking marine environment. Their widespread distribution associated with high toxicity causes the monitoring of fundamental importance. The occurrence of BTs were checked through superficial sediments, suspended particulate matter and tissues (liver and gill) analysis on three estuarine catfishes: Cathorops spixii, Aspistor luniscutis e Genidens genidens; sampled in eight estuaries from Brazilian south and southeast coast. Analysis were carried by GC-PFPD, following quality control procedures, where was verified the presence of matrix effect over the system from tissues quantification. Among estuaries, the major impact was found in Paranaguá-PR and Itajaí-SC, due the presence of these compounds in all investigated compartments. These three catfish species have shown good biomonitors of BTs presence once were liable of uptake, even in groups sampled far from potential BTs sources. The effects over C. spixii physiology were also checked in Paranaguá from the use of biomarkers on liver of these organisms, noting the impact related with the presence of these compounds on the system.
3
Seoh, Seungwon 1975. "Innovative application of PFI to Korea". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47920.
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Henderson, Wendy M. "User satisfaction in PFI and non-PFI hospitals in the UK : in particular the outpatients' department reception/waiting areas". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/300624.
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Few studies have been undertaken which examine the correlation between design of the receptionl/waiting areas of the outpatients' departments and the implications for Private Finance Initiative (PFI) and non-PFI hospitals, in particular the interior environment with reference to user satisfaction. This study investigates to what degree user satisfaction has been achieved in the design of the receptionlwaiting areas in PFI and non-PFI hospitals. The aim of the investigation is to determine whether user satisfaction can be achieved in PFI or non-PFI hospital environments, particular in the outpatients' department. To ascertain whether hospital environments facilitate user friendly and therapeutic characteristics/attributes conducive to user satisfaction, two strands of investigation were undertaken; a) investigation and analysis of PFI and non-PFI hospital design; b) the study of users (PFI and non-PFI) via questionnaire surveys and analysis of their perceptions. The research methods utilised combinations of qualitative information from interviews, discussions with hospital end users, architects/designers and Consortium executives. The surveys undertaken with patients, hospital staff and NHS Trust Managers provided quantitative data to measure the degree to which user satisfaction had been achieved. The main findings of the design analysis identify the strengths and weaknesses in the design of the 'main' and 'sub' reception/waiting areas respectively. The results of the patient surveys, discussions and interviews revealed more positive perceptions of the hospital facilities for PFI hospitals and a general acceptance of the hospital facilities in the non-PFI hospitals. However, the other comments section of the questionnaires reveals some psychological needs of the user were not being met. The hospital staff surveys, discussions and interviews revealed the spatial planning was not ideal for their functional needs. The survey of NHS Trust Managers, Architects/Designers and Building Contractors revealed the difficulties associated with the collaborative process and the implications for the design development process, when reflecting upon 'cost effectiveness' and 'value for money' issues. The conclusions drawn from the study suggest that there is a case for the standardisation of therapeutic environments in the development of 'new build' hospital projects via the design development and collaborative process. The recommendation (see p. 313) provides a design protoeo/that enhance and aids the design development process via selective expertise, which addresses the functional and psychological needs of the hospital end user.
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Rintala, Kai Matias. "The economic efficiency of accommodation service PFI projects". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415227.
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Goto, Shiho. "The Effect of Ptellofemoral Pain Syndrome on the Hip and Knee Neuromuscular Control on Dynamic Postural Control Task". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1254078175.
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Raabe, Margaret E. "The Effect of Core Stability on Running Mechanics in Novice Runners". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1490797665222069.
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Prakasam, Ruby Kala Optometry & Vision Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "The long-term biocompatibility of porous Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) corneal inlays in humans". Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Optometry & Vision Science, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44535.
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Purpose: To evaluate long-term biocompatibility, optical clarity and the efficacy of Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) polymer as a corneal inlay in humans. Materials and Methods: Corneas of 5 unsighted eyes of 5 patients received inlays: one patient selected as control. All were examined at baseline, immediately post-operative, 7 days and monthly thereafter for 12 months and at 3-monthly intervals for the next 12 months. Clinical evaluation includes detailed slit-lamp biomicroscopy, refraction, keratometry, corneal topography, and other routine ocular examinations. Results: Surgery was uneventful. None of the patients developed corneal oedema or increased vascularisation during study period. All corneas were clear except for minimal haze around the edge of the implant and mild interface reflectivity. Two patients developed epithelial erosion with minimal stromal involvement at 4 and 24 months post surgery resulted in removal of inlay. Inlays remained stable in position in all patients, however clarity has reduced (4% - 26%) gradually with time. We believe mechanical stress from inlay to the surrounding tissue triggered keratocyte activation and extra cellular matrix material deposits around inlay may be responsible for epithelial erosions as well as the reduction in inlay clarity. All test eyes showed acute myopic shift by 8.47D ?? 1.97 (mean ?? SD) following implantation. The epithelial pigment deposits were detected in all test patients following surgery, related to acute corneal curvature changes. The removal data from two patients showed the reversal of the refractive effect to preoperative levels. One patient followed up for an extensive period of 19 months post inlay removal demonstrated stable results. Conclusion: The PFPE inlays have demonstrated excellent biocompatibility within the human corneal tissue for 2 years. The epithelial erosion and inlay clarity reduction were the two major problems encountered in this study. We believe these problems were related to the mechanical stress induced tissue response from inlay. Critical patient selection and the modification of inlay design should improve the success of the procedure. Inlays are effective in altering the refractive status of the eye by altering the anterior corneal curvature. Also, inlay implantation and removal procedures are found to be easy, safe and quick without any complications.
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Mostamand, Javid. "Biomechanical effects of patellar taping in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS)". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1612.
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Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders affecting adults. Patellar taping provides an effective treatment in alleviating the symptoms of a high proportion of subjects who present with PFPS. However, the mechanisms of pain reduction have not been established. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of patellar taping on the biomechanics of the patellofemoral joint and level of pain in PFPS subjects, during the eccentric phase of single leg squatting at 30° of knee flexion. These were determined with a combined kinetic and kinematic approach using data from video analysis, force plate and EMG. A series of pilot tests was performed, involving a group of asymptomatic volunteers performing a number of knee flexion procedures. These tests demonstrated a high reliability in both the estimated patellofemoral joint reaction force (PFJRF) and relative amplitude of vasti, but less impressive reliability for the parameters associated with muscle onset. The main case-controlled study involved 18 PFPS subjects, recruited from a local Physiotherapy Department, and a similar number of healthy controls. The test procedure was performed on the knees of both subject groups and, where appropriate, during and after patellar taping. The results revealed that the mean value of PFJRF, which was 2025 N prior to taping, had decreased significantly to 1720 N (p< 0.05) following a period of taping and exercises which lasted between 2-5 weeks. Equivalent changes were also recorded with the pain levels, although the ratio of the amplitude of the vasti did not change during this period. The only significant differences between the two subject groups were with the relative timing of muscle onset, for which VMO preceded VL in the healthy controls. The reduction of biomechanical characteristics following the application of patellar tape and exercises in PFPS subjects, may explain the mechanism of pain reduction during the early phase of single leg squatting.
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Henjewele, Christian. "Modelling Client's Value for Money Uncertainties in PFI Projects". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525196.
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Private Finance Initiative (PFI) has successfully transformed the management of public sector construction projects by minimising construction risks and delivering projects with higher certainty in the time, cost, quality, and customer satisfaction than is with the counterpart traditional approach. The success rests in the principles of better Value for Money (VfM) demonstrated through the focus on whole-life costs and quality as the measure for economic, effective, and efficient procurement of the private sector and the delivery of the project and services thereafter. However, PFI has not addressed in full the expectation to provide better VfM due to uncertainties in the estimated project costs and persistent decrease in the specified client requirements as the project advances in the procurement process; hence, attracting distrust and resistance to the initiative. This highlights the need for a new approach to ensure that VfM is not only demonstrated at a point of procurement, but also monitored and sustained over the whole PFI contract period. This research explored the exposure of PFI projects to VfM uncertainty and developed a VfM Optimisation and Sustainability (VaS) model as it main scientific contribution. The developed model works abreast a Process Map, Taxonomy of uncertainty factors, and VfM Simulation and Monitoring Templates to define and develop VfM processes, create VfM, assess and test for its robustness, and sustain it through the entire project life. The model follows from a systematic analysis of the current practice and the uncertainties it creates. The analysis based on an empirical research that adopted a mixed-methods approach involving healthcare and transport PFI projects. The model was evaluated by experts from PFI projects and academics and by using simulation case studies. Adopting the model has the potential to improve the delivery of VfM through optimization of the benefits and costs during the project appraisal process, monitor and sustain VfM during the operating phase, and utilise lessons learnt for improvements in the future.
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Maier, Victoria. "UK PFI policymaking : punctuations and private sector impression management". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678946.
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This study focuses on Private Finance Initiative (PFI) policy in the UK and specifically the relative policy inertia that has characterised the development of this procurement method. PFI is a contract between the public and private sector, where the private sector is responsible for the design, build, finance and operation of a public sector asset and associated services. UK PFI policy has persisted virtually unchanged in its structure for almost two decades, despite criticisms of the policy and a lack of evidence that it is effective and efficient. In order to explain this pattern this study explores the responses of the National Audit Office (NAG), Parliament and PFI private sector companies to the developments of UK PFI policy via a content analysis of relevant reports. In doing so, this dissertation is able to present PFI policymaking as a dynamic process in which different stakeholders (the NAO, Parliament and private sector companies) react to policy challenges and actively influence policy developments. Accordingly, it is noted that the private sector has not been a passive bystander in the PFI policymaking process but used assertive impression management techniques during periods of change in PFI use to gain and maintain legitimacy of PFI in public policy contexts; and thus was able to maintain favourable conditions for itself. The study also suggests that the NAO frequently commented on PFI in ways, which legitimised existing practice, whereas Parliament (particularly the Public Accounts Committee) was more critical of PFI and placed greater focus on potential taxpayer concerns. As an overall conclusion, this work suggests that the NAO, Parliament and private sector responses can help explain the continued political support for PFI and its relatively unchanged structure, which has been maintained despite criticisms and concerns regarding fundamental principles, such as value for money.
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Kraus, Stefan, John D. Monnier, Michael J. Ireland, Gaspard Duchêne, Catherine Espaillat, Sebastian Hönig, Attila Juhasz i in. "Planet Formation Imager (PFI): science vision and key requirements". SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622530.
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The Planet Formation Imager (PFI) project aims to provide a strong scientific vision for ground-based optical astronomy beyond the upcoming generation of Extremely Large Telescopes. We make the case that a breakthrough in angular resolution imaging capabilities is required in order to unravel the processes involved in planet formation. PFI will be optimised to provide a complete census of the protoplanet population at all stellocentric radii and over the age range from 0.1 to similar to 100 Myr. Within this age period, planetary systems undergo dramatic changes and the final architecture of planetary systems is determined. Our goal is to study the planetary birth on the natural spatial scale where the material is assembled, which is the "Hill Sphere" of the forming planet, and to characterise the protoplanetary cores by measuring their masses and physical properties. Our science working group has investigated the observational characteristics of these young protoplanets as well as the migration mechanisms that might alter the system architecture. We simulated the imprints that the planets leave in the disk and study how PFI could revolutionise areas ranging from exoplanet to extragalactic science. In this contribution we outline the key science drivers of PFI and discuss the requirements that will guide the technology choices, the site selection, and potential science/technology tradeoffs.
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Trigkas, Panagiotis. "Vastus medialis oblique : vastus lateralis muscle imbalance in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) patients". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/vastus-medialis-oblique--vastus-lateralis-muscle-imbalance-in-patellofemoral-pain-syndrome-pfps-patients(5c8c7a4d-3f29-49af-8129-f7ea805fe8af).html.
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BACKGROUND and AIMS. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is complex and challenging musculoskeletal disorder. Maltracking of the patella is considered to be one of the primary causative factors. Vastus Medialis Oblique (VMO) and Vastus Lateralis (VL) muscle imbalance in terms of EMG magnitude and timed onset is implicated in either initiating or perpetuating the patellofemoral pain (Cowan et al, 2002, Witvrouw et al, 1996). Many physiotherapeutic treatments are aimed at addressing this muscle imbalance despite a lack of evidence confirming or refuting it exists and it's association with pain and function. The ultimate aim of the study was therefore to establish if it is appropriate to continue treating muscle imbalance in patients with clinically defined PFPS. OBJECTIVES. The overall objectives of the study were to establish: 1. If VMO-VL muscle imbalance exists in PFPS patients and if so is it specific to this condition or does a similar VMO-VL muscle imbalance exists in a healthy population? 2. If muscle imbalance does exist is it related to clinical symptoms used as indications of pain syndrome in clinical practice? 3. Is muscle imbalance associated with lower limb muscle physiology i.e. lower limb and quadriceps muscle strength in both fresh and fatigued states. METHODS. The study employed a cross-sectional design. 63 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) and 63 age/sex matched healthy subjects were recruited and VMO & VL normalised EMG RMS amplitude and time onset differences were assessed during functional and experimental tasks. Additionally, correlations with pain level, functional status, muscular flexibility and biomechanical characteristics of the lower limb were explored. RESULTS. The results revealed that the VMO-VL activation patterns are task specific and most significantly related to functional stepping down task at a fast speed of execution (p=0.000). This interesting link between the type of muscle contraction, the speed of execution and the recruitment pattern of the VMO-VL was also confirmed by the non-functional isokinetic eccentric contraction (p=0.000). Additionally, it is the timing of the VMO-VL activation rather the intensity that is important. Also, a correlation appears to exist between activation pattern and duration of symptoms and knee functional performance (p=0.03) but not with the level of pain. CONCLUSION. The findings of the study suggest that the VMO-VL muscle imbalance does exist in a clinically defined PFPS population. Unlike previous studies however, this thesis suggests that specificity of the functional activities and speed of execution have a significant role to play in the muscular performance and it could be argued that this translates to a role in PFPS. It would therefore seem appropriate to continue addressing and treating this complex and challenging issue with physiotherapeutic interventions but this may need to be targeted to interventions that are tailored to addressing issues in relation to stepping down and at fast speed.
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Ahmad, Husan. "Synthesis of Diazonium Perfluoroalkyl(Aryl) Sufonimide (PFSI) Zwitterions for Solid Acid Alkylation Catalysts". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/314.
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The final objective of this project is to create an environmentally friendly solid alkylation catalyst to replace the commercially available liquid acid catalysts, such as hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, which are used in the petroleum industry. My research target is to synthesize the diazonium PFSI zwitterions, which can be chemically grafted on the silica as the solid alkylation catalyst. A 4-steps synthesis is designed to prepare the diazonium PFSI zwitterions. The first two steps were successfully completed in the lab. The first one is to prepare the starting material of 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide from an ammonolysis reaction between 4-nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride and ammonium hydroxide. And next, a base catalyzed coupling reaction was carried out with 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide and commercially available perfluorobutane sulfonyl fluoride with nitrogen gas (N2) protection. The coupling product (I in Figure 1) was then purified by extraction and recrystallization. All chemicals in the synthesis procedure were characterized with proton NMR, fluorine NMR, Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and melting points.
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Ezulike, Ekene Ifeanyi. "Construction compainies and their strategies in the emerging PFI industry". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633091.
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The aim of the thesis is to report on how construction companies are approaching the PFI market and the strategies which they are adopting in the PFI industry. Utilising material from semi-structured interviews with three categories of construction company, small, medium-size and large, consideration is given to: the structural characteristics in the PFI industry; the barrier to entry in the PFI industry; the problems constraining the development in the PFI industry; and the strategies which construction companies are adopting in the PFI industry, in order to establish whether Porter's framework of an emerging industry is applicable to the PFI industry. Consideration is also given to the applicability of the research findings to existing business and strategic management literature. The research finding suggest that construction companies in the PFI industry are adopting a number of strategies which are compatible with those suggested in existing business and strategic management literature. The research findings also suggest that Porter's emerging industry framework has limited applicability to the PFI industry namely because: his framework is generic and of a general nature; all industries are likely to have characteristics which are unique; and his framework is based on industries that involve the manufacture of a standard product.
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Badi, S. M. "Sustainable energy innovation (SEI) within private finance initiative (PFI) projects". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1344175/.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the capacity of the Private Finance Initiative (PFI) project delivery model to support the implementation of Sustainable Energy Innovation (SEI) within the context of the UK government’s Building Schools for the Future (BSF) programme. The study attends to a significant gap in knowledge as there is a lack of conceptual and empirical work on managing innovative processes for sustainable energy in PFI projects. Adopting Complex Product Systems (CoPS) Innovation Management Theory, the BSF PFI project is conceptualised as a CoPS supply network where success in innovation largely depends on the interactive relationships among multiple project participants (Hobday, 1998, 2000; Hobday et al., 2000; Gann and Salter, 2000). A conceptual framework is developed based on three determinants of CoPS innovation, particularly: (1) clarity of the requirement, (2) communication and collaboration and (3) contractual incentives. Taking such a system‐oriented perspective is considered important for SEI due to the increasing levels of functional dependency and component complexity associated with environmental innovations. Thus, effective interaction among producers, clients and users is seen to be critical for their successful development (Rohracher, 2001; Intrachooto and Horayangkura, 2007). Following a four‐case qualitative research methodology, the empirical findings point to the significance of the three determinants of CoPS innovation in shaping the environment in which private sector producers operate and innovate in BSF PFI projects. However, while the qualitative nature of the chosen research methodology limits the ability to generalise, the case study findings provide empirical evidence to the limited capacity of the PFI delivery model to support SEI based on the key determinants postulated in CoPS Innovation Management Theory. The research establishes that the capacity of the BSF PFI project delivery model to support SEI is weakened by: the limited clarity of the sustainable energy requirement particularly in relation to its specificity and achievability; ineffective multidisciplinary communication and collaboration within the integrated ProjectCo due to restricting internal contractual relationships and the misalignment of Design‐ Construction‐Operation sustainability objectives; and ineffective Client/User‐Producer communication and collaboration brought in by the restricted nature of BSF engagement processes as well as the misalignment of Client/User‐Producer sustainability objectives. Contractual incentives were found to support SEI, albeit by fear of financial penalties through risk allocation, rather than pursuit of reward for innovation. The study concluded that the BSF PFI project delivery model, as a procurement policy, may not adequately appreciate the system dynamics needed for successful SEI. Indeed, the study underlined a number of problematic issues, or ‘hotspots’ (Hansen and Rush, 1998; Hobday and Rush, 1999), weakening the key determinants of CoPS innovation success in BSF PFI projects. Recommendations were developed to rectify the identified problematic issues. Future research directions were also suggested.
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Mustapa, Muzani. "Facilities management knowledge in private finance initiative (PFI) healthcare projects". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12843.
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An organisation's accumulation of knowledge has been identified as a key factor in its progress and survival. This is particularly the case for a business that involves service delivery and is very pertinent to the construction industry. The key to success in managing organisational knowledge is recognising the importance of managing (and maintaining) the knowledge of the staff in the face of staff retention challenges. Knowledge retention is integral to ensuring that the experience and tacit knowledge acquired by the staff during their service will not be lost when the staff leave the organisation. The concept of Knowledge Management (KM) is seen as the solution through the inculcation of knowledge sharing via various tools and techniques in managing the knowledge within parties in construction. The aim of this research is to identify where and how KM initiatives being used within PFI-FM healthcare projects as a result of the unique character of the associated PFI contracts and a wide range of FM services. The complexities involved in managing and delivering services at the operational stage of PFI projects and the vast amount of tasks and services stipulated in the FM context, particularly regarding the planning, types of services, time, place, tools and resources needed, make it a suitable area for KM adoption. This research, which involved exploratory studies, literature reviews, analyses of three case studies involving PFI-FM healthcare projects and structured interviews with the Facilities Managers, has managed to discover the adoption of KM tools in managing FM healthcare services among Facilities Managers in PFI healthcare projects. However, KM has not been used to its fullest potential; the incomplete application of KM initiatives has, thus, created some problems with regard to delivering PFI-FM healthcare services. The outcome has resulted in the formulation of a framework that combines the best practices of KM initiatives with practical approaches of managing organisational knowledge of FM healthcare services which derived from the case studies. The framework has been validated by experts evaluated from the industry and refined to ensure that the framework developed is practical. The most pertinent achievements of this research include demonstrations of the needs for KM initiatives in delivering PFI-FM healthcare services and the development of a framework to enable better service delivery among the PFI-FM healthcare service providers, particularly with regard to addressing the challenges derived from PFI contracts and the vast scope of FM healthcare services. Overall, the study provides a clear justification and indication from a theoretical point of view and empirical evidence from the facilities managers perspective of the significance of KM initiatives in delivering PFI-FM healthcare services in the UK. Furthermore, recommendations have been made to improve and enable comprehension of the framework application and facilitate its implementation in the construction industry.
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Jílková, Markéta. "Zvýšení kvality služeb společnosti PFP s.r.o. za pomoci vlastního callcentra". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199557.
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The main objective of this thesis will be to propose a project to establish a new internal call centre of company PFP s.r.o., which mainly deals with insurance of motor vehicles and became the first website to compare products and prices in the insurance market . The thesis will describe operation of the company before establishment of the call centre and will identify key considerations which led the company to the idea of building an internal call centre. The thesis will focus on identifying and proposing appropriate processes that will led to improved quality of service while communicating with clients of PFP s.r.o. and also ensure a more efficient employees. The practical part will propose specific actions that will ensure smooth running of the new call centre.
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Romeiras, de Lemos M. "Sustainable competitive advantage in PFI : a systematic and holistic approach to identify the CSFs in risk management in PFI, taking into account the whole life cycle". Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14839/.
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I wish to express my gratitude to Professor Martin Betts and Professor Luis Tadeu de Almeida, my joint supervisors, for their support and encouragement throughout the entire period of my research. My special thanks to Dr. David Eaton for his invaluable assistance, continued support, encouragement and patience. I would like to thank all staff from the School of Construction and Property Management of Salford University and from the Departamento de Engenharia e Gestão do Instituto Superior Técnico for their help during this period. My thanks to my colleagues in my Department in Lisbon and to my research colleagues in Salford. Their insights, opinions and support were of great value to my research and for myself. I would like also to express my gratitude to all that contributed to my research, making themselves available for interviewing and also providing material for my research. Thanks to my parents, all my family and friends for their support. Finally, a very special kiss to my sons and daughter: Luis Miguel, Maria Joana and Filipe Manuel for their love, encouragement and patience during this period as my time was short for them.
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Akbiyikli, Rifat. "The holistic realisation of PFI road project objectives in the UK". Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26503/.
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Owen, Kevin Julian. "Success factors in the procurement of privately financed tolled transportation infrastructure projects in the UK". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272433.
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McNally, Keith Christopher. "Values orientation influencing relationship cooperative behavioural mechanisms between health PFI project leaders". Thesis, Kingston University, 2009. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20884/.
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Complex multi-sector relationships are created in long-term health private finance initiative (PFI) projects within and across the inter-organisational (IOR) boundary. Relationship engagement and cooperative behaviour are influenced by an individual's values orientation, which in turn affects attitude and influences the selection and operation of various cooperation mechanisms. The study considered the use of behavioural cooperation mechanisms by project leaders within role-sets created within a PFI environment from the theoretical positions of role-set theory (Katz and Kahn, 1966), behavioural mechanisms influencing cooperation (Chen et al. 1998), and values orientation (Schwartz, 1992). The research adopted the position that values act as general guiding principles in one's life (Schwartz, 1992), a stance that extends Rokeach's (1973) research of the universal nature of human values. A mixed methodology was used to obtain the values orientation profiles of twenty-nine respondents from six project environments using the Schwartz Values Survey Instrument (SVS) combined with repertory grid interviews to elicit the individuals' construct structures. Cluster and principal components analyses were subsequently carried out to enable values profiles to be assessed against construct categorisation. Two-dimensional values domains were obtained for all respondents where respondent propensity tended towards self-transcendent and openness-to-change domains (Schwartz, 1992). Values orientation was examined against elicited constructs after cluster and principal components analysis was carried out for each repertory grid interview response. Analysis enabled construct categorisation to be aligned with the categories identified in an amended model of cooperation. Cooperation mechanisms clustered into two groupings. These reflected the high importance to the sample of trust and accountability in relationships, and the lower importance of group membership, communication process and goals. However, the ranking of the second cluster of attributes was highly sensitive to a changing order. Consistently, the least important behavioural mechanism was reward structures.
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Hakim, Hagir. "Effective contract structures and value for money in PFI social housing projects". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550352.
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In the last 20 years the UK has witnessed a continuous evolution in the use of private finance for the procurement of public infrastructure and services. social housing is the new frontier in utilising PFI in the provision of public service. Private involvement in social housing is complicated by the highly social nature of the sector. Given the often conflicting objectives between the public and the private sectors, the challenge is to structure PFI projects in such a way that they are viable to both parties. Due to the private sector need for confidentiality research to date has been severely constrained by having access to only one of the stakeholders resulting in only a partial understanding of the risk allocation and risk sharing procedures in PFI. This PhD research had the unique and unprecedented opportunity to access confidential .' , data including contracts, financial models on one of the first social housing PFI projects. The Grove Village PFI pathfinder has transformed the run-down housing estate from a crime-ridden place to a vibrant community. Empirical data accessed was utilised to build a detailed and exhaustive case study of the internal processes of the project to extract the key differences between the risk perceptions of different project parties and explain how competing objectives of the project parties were reconciled. The research revealed several facts in the development of social housing PFI projects that reduce value for money and developed mechanisms by which parties can reconcile the differences that exist between them. The research provides evidence on how PFI projects can maximise value for money for the various stakeholders involved.
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Sohnlein, Bradford Raymond. "PFI-ZEKE SPECTROSCOPY AND THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS OF TRANSITION METAL-AROMATIC HYDROCARBON COMPLEXES". UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/527.
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Transition metal-aromatic hydrocarbon complexes were generated in a supersonic jet and studied by zero electron kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The target metal complexes were identified using time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and their ionization thresholds were located via photoionization efficiency spectroscopy. ZEKE spectroscopy was used to measure the ionization energies and vibrational frequencies of the metal complexes. Their electronic states and corresponding molecular structures were determined by comparing the experimental spectra to quantum chemical calculations and Franck-Condon simulations. In this dissertation, the metal complexes of four different aromatic hydrocarbon ligands were studied: benzene (bz), naphthalene (np), biphenyl (bp) and 1-phenyl naphthalene (phnp). In these complexes, the metal atom or ion was determined to bind to either one or two -rings. Three different bonding schemes were observed in these complexes. A twofold bonding scheme was observed in M+/M-np (M = Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf), while a sixfold bonding scheme was observed in Sc+/Sc-bz and M+/M-bz2 (M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mo, W). In the metal-polyphenyl complexes (i.e. Sc-, La-, and Ti-bp and Sc-phnp), twelve-fold metal-ligand bonding occurred, sixfold to two -rings of the ligand. This twelve-fold bonding mechanism requires rotation of the -rings by ~ 42 o and bending of the -rings by 40 to 57 o to clamp the metal atom or ion between the two -surfaces. Although the ground state spin multiplicities of the bare metal atoms and ions varied quite extensively, the multiplicities of the metal complexes were determined to be either singlet or doublet, except for Sc+/Sc-bz, V+-bz2, Ti-np, and Zr-np, where the triplet or quartet spin multiplicities were favored. The low spin and relatively narrower range of electron-spin multiplicities in the complexes were the result of d orbital splitting, where the degeneracy of the d orbitals was broken. Thus, the valence electrons were paired in each metal d-based molecular orbital of the complex to form low-spin singlet or doublet spin states. Some complexes favored triplet and quartet multiplicities, because the energy difference between the two highest occupied molecular orbitals was smaller than the electron pairing energy.
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Alrayani, H. H. A. "Understanding the biomechanical risk factors of patellofemoral pain (PFP) in military individuals". Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/48203/.
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Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the major sources of chronic knee pain in young athletes, affecting one in four individuals. To progress further in this field, prospective studies are therefore needed in order to gain a better understanding of the biomechanical risk factors of PFP and to develop future treatment and prevention strategies. With this in mind, the main purpose of the present PhD thesis is to prospectively examine individuals’ lower limb movements with two-dimensional (2D) video analysis and muscle strength with a handheld dynamometer (HHD) in order to screen for PFP development, in addition to other lower limb injuries. Therefore, a systematic review and meta- analysis in addition to three studies were conducted within this thesis to investigate the factors involved in the development of PFP. In the first study, 15 healthy subjects (6 male and 9 female) participated in a reliability study (within-day, between-day, intra-rater, and inter-rater reliability) of 2D frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) and hip adduction (HADD) angle. They also participated in a validation study for 2D motion analysis against the gold standard of three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis. In the second study, eight healthy male subjects participated in a between-day reliability and validity study for 2D analysis and HHD strength tests against the gold standard of 3D analysis, using Qualysis Track Manager (QTM) system and an isokinetic dynamometer for the measurements of lower limb kinematics (FPPA, Q-angle, HADD, knee flexion, ankle dorsiflexion, and rearfoot angle) and strength (hip abductors and knee extensors). The main study was undertaken with 315 healthy male infantry cadets and recruits from King Abdul- Aziz Military Academy (KAMA) and two other basic military training centres in Saudi Arabia. Lower limb kinematics and muscle strength were measured during running (RUN), single leg squatting (SLS), and single leg landing (SLL) in the first week of training, and were followed up over the participants’ 12 weeks of basic military training for the occurrence of PFP and other lower limb injuries. Participants who developed PFP had a significantly greater FPPA and Q-angle during SLS, SLL, and RUN, as well as a significantly greater HADD during SLS and SLL, than participants who did not develop PFP. In addition, the injured group had significantly lower knee extensor and hip abductor muscle strength during the baseline assessment when compared to the noninjured group. The logistic regression revealed that FPPA during SLL significantly predicts the development of PFP. Therefore, this appears to be a suitable method for screening of PFP risk before joining basic military training.
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Beattie, David A. "ZEKE-PFI photoelectron spectroscopy of halogens and iodine van der Waals complexes". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10766.
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Hope, Alex. "Greener homes for the future? : sustainability in PFI local authority social housing". Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/5667/.
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The United Kingdom is committed to cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 80 percent by 2050 as part of a strategy to mitigate climate change. As housing is responsible for approximately 26 percent of all UK carbon emissions, housing carbon reduction is a key component in meeting this target. Local Authorities are faced with the problem of how to improve the quality of existing housing stock, provide additional social housing to meet increasing demand, and cutting emissions from both new and existing housing stock. The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is being used as a means to deliver new and refurbished social housing using private, rather than public capital, and is expected to enable the delivery of sustainable, rented homes. However there have been concerns about the use of the PFI model to deliver public sector housing which meet sustainability goals. The overall aim of this thesis is to examine whether the UK’s Public Finance Initiative (PFI) can achieve the procurement of sustainable social housing. In order to address this aim, the study considers the technical and contextual issues that affect sustainability in PFI housing projects, focussing specifically on one such project in the North East of England. With regard to the technical issues, the research introduces a methodological tool that has been developed to assess the sustainability of PFI housing projects. It is envisioned that the tool will be useful for assessing the sustainability of other housing projects procured under a public private partnership arrangement. The contextual issues are examined by means of an ethnographic study carried out from within North Tyneside Councils PFI procurement team over a period of 2 years. The results of the study suggest that the PFI procurement model can be used to deliver sustainable housing, but is currently hampered by a lack of skills, knowledge and understanding. These problems are particularly acute at the project management and governance level within the procuring local authority. The study identifies the need for clear guidance on incorporating sustainability into the procurement of PFI projects. It also recommends the use of appropriate tools to assess the sustainability of plans and build capacity within local authority procurement teams.
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Owolabi, Hakeem A. "Public accountability : the case of government guarantee scheme in PFI/PPP projects". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2018. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/34567/.
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Although government guarantee scheme has become a well-known policy strategy for encouraging public-private infrastructure delivery. However, a huge concern with government guarantee in PFI/PPP is the issue of weak public accountability scrutiny. This study therefore investigates accountability mechanisms necessary for evaluating PFI/PPP government guarantee scheme within UK context. Using exploratory sequential mixed methodology approach, constructs from accountability theory (Process-Based Accountability Mechanisms, Ethics-Based Accountability Mechanisms, Democratic Accountability Mechanisms, and Outcome-Based Accountability Mechanisms) were examined. Sixteen (16) accountability mechanisms (value for money, parliamentary scrutiny, rule of law etc.) useful for evaluating PFI/PPP government guarantee scheme were identified and used to formulate theoretical hypotheses. Through literature review, documentation and case study interviews with experts in public and private sectors, 78 indicators contributing towards each accountability mechanism were uncovered. Confirming the relevance of each indicators from experts in the qualitative study, a final questionnaire survey was developed and distributed to wider audiences. Series of statistical tests were performed on the collected questionnaire data including Descriptive Mean Rating, Reliability Analysis, Mann Whitney U Test of Significant Differences in Perceptions and Structural Equation Modelling. The results revealed fourteen out of the sixteen tested hypotheses were validated, with two rejected (Benchmarking and Budgetary Reporting). Findings also identified the top-five accountability mechanisms critical for evaluating PFI/PPP government guarantee scheme comprising: Value for Money, Competition, Social and Political Impact, Risk Management, and Parliamentary Scrutiny. The study culminated in a multidimensional framework for public accountability in PFI/PPP government guarantee scheme. Contributing towards existing accountability theory, the study confirmed a combination of multiple accountabilities, as against a single-dimensional accountability, is necessary for strengthening public accountability in PFI/PPP government guarantee scheme. For UK policy formulators, the result suggested need for future re-dimensioning of accountability frameworks for infrastructure government guarantee schemes, especially as the nation faces new geo-political and economic complexities in years to come.
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Saranathan, Archana. "In Vitro Characterization of the Influence of Tibial Tuberosity Transfers on Patellofemoral Pressures with and without Patellar Cartilage Lesions". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1280758249.
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Kunisch, Robert W. "the Effects of Cryotherapy on Quadriceps Corticomotor Excitability in Patients with Anterior Knee Pain". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1430473379.
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Vu, Phuong Anh. "Gender stereotypes in story textbooks for primary school students in Vietnam /". Oslo : Institute for Educational Research, Universitetet i Oslo, 2008. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2008/77612/vu_thesis.pdf.
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Yang, Xing. "Higher education and the labour market in China : a case study of three universities in Shanxi province /". Oslo : Pedagogisk forskningsinstitutt, Universitetet i Oslo, 2008. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2008/74320/formalxpaper.pdf.
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Li, Fuhui. "School leadership training in China : a cultural perspective /". Oslo : Pedagogisk forskningsinstitutt, Universitetet i Oslo, 2007. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2007/58048/MasterThesis_FuhuiLi.pdf.
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Bilkyte, Jurgita. "Adult education and work life : a comparative study of Norway and Japan /". Oslo : Pedagogisk forskningsinstitutt, Universitetet i Oslo, 2008. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2008/76551/masterxsxtheses_jurgita_bilkyte.pdf.
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Awaleh, Mahad. "Child labour and access to education : an investigation of the situation in Bangladesh /". Oslo : Institute for Educational Research, Universitetet i Oslo, 2007. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2007/58409/MahadxAwalehxMasterxThesisxChildxLaborxinxBangladeshxUio.pdf.
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Shahjamal, Mirja Mohammad. "Student politics and quality of education : an exploratory study on Dhaka University /". Oslo : Institute for Educational Research, Universitetet i Oslo, 2007. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2007/60229/Thesis_final_Mirja.pdf.
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Le, Gac Marjorie. "Développement et validation de méthodes analytiques pour la spéciation des organoétains et de l'arsenic par GC-PFPD". Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU3015.
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Le principal objectif de ce travail a été de développer de nouvelles méthodes de préparation d'échantillons pour l'analyse de spéciation des composés organostanniques dans les matrices naturelles, afin de répondre aux futures exigences normatives. Ainsi, l'extraction des tri-organoétains dans les sols et sédiments par solvant pressurisé (PSE) a été mise au point et comparée à l'extraction solide/liquide classique par solvant organique. La technique de préconcentration de quatorze organoétains présents en milieu aqueux, par SPME en espace de tête, a été optimisée par plans d'expériences et a contribué à l'augmentation du potentiel analytique de la méthode (LDOrganotin and arsenic compounds have been recognised as responsible of very serious environmental contamination and the European Community has listed them as priority pollutants. In these conditions, the aim of this work was to develop analytical methods able to speciate and detect these compounds at low concentration levels in the different parts of the environment. The accelerated solvent extraction of the tri-organotin compounds has been developed and compared to the classical solid/liquid extraction. Headspace solid-phase microextraction has been investigated for the first time for the speciation analysis of fourteen organotin compounds in environmental samples. The limit of detection obtained are widely sub ng(Sn)/L. The potential of the GC-PFPD was also evaluated for the analysis of different forms of arsenic. The optimised method was successfully applied to spiked spring waters
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Bodin-Ek, Erik. "Kalibrering av en transient GT-Power modell av en SI PFI turbo motor". Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100184.
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I detta arbete behandlas transient simulering i ett 1D-simuleringsprogram, i detta fall Gamma technologies GT-Power. Vad som behöver ändras i en modell för att den skall kunna simulera en motor under transienta driftsfall med god noggrannhet har undersökts. När detta är gjort, skall det undersökas hur väl den transient kalibrerade modellen kan simulera en motor med förändrad rörgeometri på insugs- eller avgassidan, och vad som måste omkalibreras om detta inte är fallet. Den viktigaste slutsatsen av detta arbete är vikten av att ha en korrekt framtagen kompressormapp i modellen. Den som fanns tillgänglig under arbetet hade bara mätdata ned till 70000 rpm. Detta resulterade i en överskattning av massflödet i den lägre regionen i den av GT-Power framställda kompressormappen. Detta pga. att GT-power verkar överskatta massflödet under extrapolationen av mappen. För att få ett korrekt simulerat turbovarvtal under transienten var turbineffektivitetsmultiplikatorer introducerade. Med det var inte tillräckligt med tvåpunkts kalibrering av dessa och låta GT-Power interpolera emellan utan flera varvtal behövde kalibreras in för att få ett korrekt simulerat turbovarvtal. Andra viktiga områden att modifiera för att kunna simulera transienter var förbränningen, luft/bränsleförhållandet och grenrörets termiska egenskaper. När sedan geometrin i modellen förändrades krävdes en omkalibrering av turbineffektivitetsmultiplikatorerna. Studien var uppdelad i en kalibreringsdel och en valideringsdel. I kalibreringsdelen kalibrerades GM-motorn med modellbeteckningen L850 mot transienta mätdata. När modellen var kalibrerad studerades hur väl den kunde simulera samma motor men med olika rörgeometrier på insug och avgassidan. Detta för att ta reda på hur mycket kalibreringen behöver ändras när geometrin ändras.The subject of this thesis work is to investigate transient simulations in a 1Dsimulation program, in this case Gamma Technologie’s GT-Power. The investigation consists of a study what needs to be changed on a model in order to make it perform transient simulations of an engine with accurate results. And when the simulation is calibrated the model is validated to see if it can predict transients accurately when the piping system is changed to different geometries, and if not what is needed to be recalibrated in the model to do so. The most important conclusion of this work is the importance to have a correctly generated compressor map in the model. The one present in the investigation had only measured data beginning from a turbo speed of 70000 rpm an up. This resulted in an over-predicted massflow in the lower region of the GT-power generated compressor map. This is because GT-Power seems to overestimate the massflow when extrapolating the map. To get an accurately modeled turbo, turbine efficiency multipliers (TEM) had to be introduced. It was not sufficient to do a two point calibration and let GT-Power interpolate in between. More calibrated points had to be introduced to model the turbo speed accurately. Other important areas to alter to make them able to perform transient simulations are the combustion, AFR and thermal properties of the exhaust. When changing the geometry of the piping system the calibrated TEM’s had to be recalibrated. The study was made up of a calibration part and a validation part. In the calibration part a model of the GM engine L850 was calibrated against transient measurements. When the model was calibrated the validation part of the work commenced by changing the geometry of the piping system around the engine to se what parts had to be recalibrated.
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Khadaroo, M. I. "Exploring perceptions of accountability and value for money in school PPP/PFI contracts". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437432.
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杉浦, 勉. "イギリスPFI研究 : 官民役割分担の展開". 京都大学, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124095.
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MacDonnell, Moira Anne Elizabeth. "Real options in construction projects and as a possible alternatives to PFI projects". Thesis, Swansea University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678652.
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Nworie, Chimaroke. "Synthesis of a 4-(Trifluoromethyl)-2-Diazonium Perfluoroalkyl Benzenesuflonylimide (PFSI) Zwitterionic Monomer for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2346.
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In order to achieve a more stable and highly proton conducting membrane that is also cost effective, the perfluoroalkyl benzenesulfonylimides (PFSI) polymers are proposed as electrolyte for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. 4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-diazonium perfluoro-3, 6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octene benzenesulfonyl imide (I) is synthesized from Nafion monomer via a 5-step schematic reaction at optimal reaction conditions. This diazonium PFSI zwitterionic monomer can be further subjected to polymerization. The loss of the diazonium N2+ functional group in the monomer is believed to form the covalent bond between the PFSI polymer electrolyte and carbon electrodes support. All the intermediates and final products were characterized using 1H NMR, 19F NMR and IR spectrometry.
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Landberg, Carolina, i Olivia Åkerberg. "Personlighet och Prestationsångest bland Universitetsstudenter". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-155552.
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Eftersom studenter ständigt står inför olika prestationsmoment avser denna studie att mäta huruvida det finns ett samband mellan personlighetsdragen ur Big Five-teorin och prestationsångest hos universitets- och högskolestudenter i Sverige, för att vidare kunna undersöka om olika personlighetsdrag är mer eller mindre känsliga för prestationsångest. Studien fick 86 svar på en webbenkät där studenterna först fick svara på bakgrundsvariablerna; kön, ålder, antal studieår, studietakt och om de arbetade parallellt med studierna. Vidare mätte enkäten Big Five’s personlighetsdrag med The Big Five Inventory (BFI) samt prestationsångest, som operationaliseras med Fear of Failure (FF) och mättes med The Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI). Vi fann en signifikant positiv relation mellan generell FF och personlighetsdraget neuroticism samt en signifikant positiv relation mellan generell FF och kvinnor. Mycket talar för att alla upplever FF men att vissa har förmågan att vända det till något positivt på grund av en stark passion och motivering för att lyckas nå sina mål.Students is a group that constantly is facing different elements of performance and therefore, this study aims to measure whether there is a correlation between the personality traits of the Big Five theory and performance anxiety for university and college students in Sweden, to further investigate if different personality traits are more or less sensitive to performance anxiety. The study received 86 answers from a web-poll where students first responded to background variables such as; gender, age, number of academic years, study-pace and if they worked during their studies. Furthermore, the survey measured Big Five's personality traits with The Big Five Inventory (BFI) and performance anxiety, got operationalized with Fear of Failure (FF), measured with The Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI). The study found a significantpositive relationship between general FF and the personality trait neuroticism and a significantpositiverelationship between general FF and women.Much suggests that everyone experiences some degree of FF but that some have the ability to turn it to something positive due to a strong passion and motivation to succeed in achieving their goals.
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Ottosson, Daniel, i Konstantinos Zioris. "Experimental comparison of DI and PFI in terms of emissions and efficiencyrunning Ethanol-85". Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-157040.
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It has in recent year become more and more important to find an alternative to fossil fuel in our vehicles due to the increasing fuel price and to reduce their negative impact on the environment. One alternative is already in widespread use around the world, namely ethanol. Ethanol has, besides its environmental qualities, properties that makes it a favorable fuel to use in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE). Its high octane rating combined with its high heat of evaporation makes it resilient against knock which allows for an engine with higher compression ratios and overall increased efficiency. The traditional SI engines use Port Fuel Injection (PFI) while modern engines are moving towards Direct Injection (DI). There are many advantages of the DI system, most notably increased efficiency and performance by increased volumetric efficiency and knock suppression while poorer air/fuel mixing and added complexity are the negatives. The positive effects of DI seem to be further increased when utilizing ethanol's improved charge cooling effect and its higher octane number. In order to investigate if an ethanol fueled SI engine is suitable for HD application both DI and PFI are evaluated in terms of efficiency and emissions on a Scania D12 HD engine. The engine is modified to accomedate a sparkplug. The Scania XPI is used as DI with some light modifications in order to run ethanol. The DI system is evaluated at two SOIs, stratified and homogenous, and a SOI sweep is performed for both DI and PFI in order to find the optimum SOIs. DI homogeneous and PFI are found to produce similar results while DI stratified stands out with its; low knock propensity, much faster combustion, lower HC emissions and lower CoV of IMEP. Railpressure is found to have little or no effect on homogeneous DI while it slightly increases the combustion speed, HC and CO emissions and efficiency as well as lowers the CoV of IMEP for stratified DI. No conclusions can be drawn about efficiency in this study due to a lack of reliable fuel flow measuraments.Det har på senare tid blivit allt viktigare att hitta ett alternativ till fosila bränslen i våra fordon på grund av, dels det höga bränlsepriset men, framför allt för att reducera deras negativa effect på klimatet. Ett sådant alternative finns redan idag tillgängligt i stor skala, nämligen etanol. Etanol har, förutom låg klimatpåverkan, egenskaper som gör det till ett fördelaktigt bränsle i förbränningsmotorer. Det höga oktantalet tillsammans med det högre förångingsvärmet gör att etanol blir väldigt knackbeständigt vilket I sin tur möjligör en motor med högre kompressionsförhållande och verkningsgrad. Traditionella Otto motorer har använt portinsprutning medans moderna motorer mer och mer gått över till direktinsprutning. Det finns manga fördelar med direktinsprutning och då framförallt högre verkningsgrad på grund av den högra volumetriska verkningsgraden och knackbeständigheten. Nackdelar med direktinsprutning kan vara sämre A/F blanding och ökad komplexitet. De positiva effekterna av direktinsprutning tycks ytterligare förstärkas när det används i kombination med etanols bättre charge cooling effekt och högre oktantal. För att undersöka om en etanol driven otto motor är lämplig för HD undersöks både DI och PFI med avseende på verkningsgrad och emissioner på en Scania D12 HD motor. Motorn modifieras för att möjligöra otto drift med tändsstift. Scanias XPI system används som DI med endast några mindre modifikaktioner för att möjliggöra etanol drift. DI systemet utvärderas vid to insprutningsvinklar, en stratifierad och en homogen. Ett SOI svep görs för att identifiera de optimala SOIs. Homogen DI och PFI produceras liknande resultat medans stratifierad DI sticker ut på grund av sin; knackbeständighet, mycket snabbare förbränning, lägre HC emissioner och lägre CoV. Railtryck har ingen eller lite effekt på homogen DI medan den ses öka förbränningshastigheten, HC och CO emissioner, verkningsgrad samt sänkt CoV för stratifierad DI. Inga slutsater kunde dras gällande verkningsgraden för de olika insprutningssystemen. Detta på grund av problematiska bränsleflödes mätningar.
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Abban, Grace. "Methodology Study of N-deacetylation of 4-acetamido-perfluoroalkylbenzenesulfonimide". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2553.
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In order to improve the synthetic route for diazonium perfluoroalkyl benzenesulfonylimide (PFSI) zwitterionic monomers, N-deacetylation of the coupling product was proposed to replace the reduction of aromatic amine intermediates. A series of hydrolysis methods, such as acid and base catalyzed refluxing, were explored for the N-deacetylation to obtain the PFSI aromatic amine. Factors such as temperature, concentration of acid/base and the time needed for the reaction to take place were investigated in an attempt to optimize the reaction condition. The basic hydrolysis was preferred since it was expected to carry out the N-deacetylation and debromination in one batch reaction. N-deacetylation in base at high concentrations was successful, however, side reaction of the perfluorovinyl ether occurred. It was discovered that the best N-deacetylation method is to reflux/sonicate the coupling product with acid in methanol for six hours. The intermediates and purified products were characterized with 1HNMR, 19FNMR, GC-MS and IR.
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Jiao, Junhui. "Student aid policy of Chinese higher education /". Oslo : Pedagogisk forskningsinstitutt, Universitetet i Oslo, 2008. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2008/72091/Thesis-JunhuixJiao.pdf.
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Zhao, Ke. "Life cycle and career patterns of academic women in higher education in China today /". Oslo : Pedagogisk forskningsinstitutt, Universitetet i Oslo, 2008. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2008/75091/2008xThesisxfinalxxxZhaoxKe2.pdf.
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Anwar, Wasim. "Higher education in Pakistan : from state control to state supervision /". Oslo : Institute for Educational Research, Universitetet i Oslo, 2007. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/pfi/2007/67351/thesisx291007.pdf.
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Matsumoto, Takuji S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Risk management and governance for PFI Project : technology policy lessons from the case of Japan". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72896.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)-- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).
Japan has a long history of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs); however, it has experienced many failures but learned various lessons from them. The representative example is a management failure of the third sector, which is a joint corporation capitalized by both the public and private sectors. In fact, many of the third sectors were successively bankrupted or serious questions were raised concerning their decision processes and management systems. This is because the governance of the third sector did not have a specific system for responsibility sharing but instead relied on a cozy relationship between the public and private sectors. Based on these experiences, the new scheme "Private Finance Initiative" (PFI) was introduced and actively promoted with great expectations. PFI is based on the concept of clarifying the responsibility by contractual governance, which solves the problem of the ambiguous risk sharing. Because the definite risk allocation of the PFI makes it possible to produce the private sector's ingenuities, many successful projects have been implemented to achieve economical and efficient operations. Currently, the PFI projects in Japan have been limited in their application area and scale, but both are expected to increase due to an amendment to the PFI law that was enacted in May 2011. Hence, this thesis reviews the problems of Japanese PFIs and proposes policy recommendations. By citing some case studies, this thesis describes some problems that exist in Japanese PFIs regarding the public-private relationship, risk management, contractual governance, and decision-making process. Regarding the relationship and risk management, this thesis claims the need for risk workshops, an effective use of private finance, and an improvement of guidelines for a better risk allocation. Concerning the contractual governance, the thesis discusses the need to develop precise contract standards or guidelines that allow for the creation of proper incentives for the private sectors and the flexibility to appropriately deal with the risk and uncertainty derived from a long-term contract. With respect to the decision-making process, it also claims to increase the transparency and accountability of PFI projects through an evaluation by a third party.
by Takuji Matsumoto.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
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Spracklen, Ashley Lindsay. "Characterization of transgenic sugarcane lines with perturbed pyrophosphate: fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) activity". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2769.
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Thesis (MSc (Genetics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.Pyrophosphate fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) is an important glycolytic enzyme and catalyses the reversible conversion of fructose-6-phosphate (Fr-6-P) and pyrophosphate (PPi) to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fr-1,6-P2) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Sugarcane PFP has been inversely correlated with sucrose content across segregating F1 varieties. The down-regulation of PFP in cultivar NCo310 in a previous study led to an increase in sucrose accumulation and fibre content in immature tissue. Several potential transgenic sugarcane lines from genotypes 88H0019 and N27, transformed with the untranslatable sense sugarcane PFP-β gene, were characterized in this study. Initial screening for transgenesis was determined by slot blot and Southern blot analysis to confirm the presence of the co-transformed selectable marker npt II transgene. Northern blot analysis confirmed expression of the 1.2 kb PFP-β transcript in 7 of 9 lines analyzed. Sugar analysis using standard South African Sugarcane Research Institute (SASRI) mill room practices and HPLC was performed on 12 month old pot grown stalks divided into immature and mature tissue sections. The analysis of wild type 88H0019 showed an average sucrose content of 17.84 and 30.76 g sucrose/stalk in immature and mature tissue, respectively. However, no significant difference between the putative transgenic plant values and wild type controls was seen. PFP specific activity was determined in these tissues using enzymatic assay analysis and although levels obtained in immature tissue were between 5-18 nmol/min/mg protein, they were less than values previously reported in sugarcane. The results indicated that no down-regulation of PFP in immature tissue occurred when comparing transgenic and wild type plants. A more discrete internodal tissue sampling method was used to overcome the difficulty of detecting small changes in PFP enzyme activity in bulked stalk tissue sections. Fine analysis of PFP was conducted on specific developmental tissues and single stalks were divided into immature (internodes 1-3), maturing (internodes 4-5) and mature (internodes 7-8) regions. Sucrose analysis was performed using HPLC and PFP activity was determined enzymatically on each tissue type. The analysis of discrete developmental tissues showed specific PFP activity of 60-80 nmol/min/mg protein in young tissue, an amount which falls in the range previously obtained for sugarcane. However there was no significant difference between PFP or sucrose in the transgenic lines when compared with the wild type controls in any of the three developmental tissues examined. Western blotting and densitometric analysis of the blots confirmed the lack of PFP down-regulation in immature tissue in all lines. A final analysis of PFP iv in immature stalk tissue on selected lines was performed using quantitative PCR, which became available near the end of the study. The fold change of each transgenic line indicated that there was a minor increase in PFP confirming the lack of effect of transgenesis. Although evidence for the expression of the PFP-β transgene was seen in the northern blot, no further evidence for transgenesis could be found to support the desired effect of down-regulation of PFP. Characterization of transgenic stalks in this study was hindered by a limited number of lines available for analysis and large variability between replicate samples. Sampling techniques employed in an attempt to make use of existing standard SASRI mill room practices for sugar analysis highlighted the need for a more precise sampling method, specifically when determining the effects of an enzyme manipulation such as PFP. A refined approach has been developed which will assist researchers in the choice of analytical techniques for screening and characterization of potential transgenic lines in the future.