Rozprawy doktorskie: „Personal vulnerability”

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Corlett, Sandra. "Professionals becoming managers : personal predicaments, vulnerability and identity work". Thesis, Northumbria University, 2009. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/2690/.

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This thesis explores identity work employed to secure stability and coherence of self-identity. This is achieved through an exploration of professionals becoming managers' experiences of vulnerability, conceived as personal predicaments, as they make a transition into and progress within management. This thesis takes up the invitation to dialogue with scholars from disparate philosophical orientations and epistemological commitments (Alvesson, Ashcraft and Thomas, 2008a; Smith and Sparkes, 2008) by reviewing critically the shared and contested views on self-identity. A theoretical framework is developed that conceptualises identity work within a fusion of symbolic interactionist positioning theory (Davies and Harr& 1990, 1999; Hart-6 and van Langenhove, 1991, 1999c) and relational social constructionist identity work processes (Beech and McInnes, 2006). This study's emergent focus on vulnerability, as experienced during role transitions (Hill, 1992, 2003; Watson and Harris, 1999) and ongoing personal predicaments (Schlenker, 1980), builds on the analytical importance of vulnerability (Sims, 2003), insecurity (Collinson, 2003), self-identity and identity work processes. Accounts of vulnerability as professionals make a transition into and progress within management are explored through a two-stage interview process with experienced public sector middle and senior managers from previously under-researched professional backgrounds (Cohen et al, 2002; Casey, 2008). Existing identity-related studies into professionals becoming managers (Hill, 1992, 2003; Ibarra, 1999; Watson and Harris, 1999) considered only the first year of transition into management. This research, therefore, adds to existing literature both through the type of participant and the extended nature of the study. The framework of self-identity presented is offered as a theoretical and methodological heuristic device. The thesis also offers refined conceptualisations of personal predicaments and of identity work processes, and insights into identity work strategies related to professional becoming managers' experiences of vulnerability.

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Grace, Jodi L. "Feeling at risk but fearing negative evaluation personal vulnerability and self-presentational concerns in medical settings /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0006120.

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Alim, Sophia. "Vulnerability in online social network profiles : a framework for measuring consequences of information disclosure in online social networks". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5507.

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The increase in online social network (OSN) usage has led to personal details known as attributes being readily displayed in OSN profiles. This can lead to the profile owners being vulnerable to privacy and social engineering attacks which include identity theft, stalking and re identification by linking. Due to a need to address privacy in OSNs, this thesis presents a framework to quantify the vulnerability of a user's OSN profile. Vulnerability is defined as the likelihood that the personal details displayed on an OSN profile will spread due to the actions of the profile owner and their friends in regards to information disclosure. The vulnerability measure consists of three components. The individual vulnerability is calculated by allocating weights to profile attribute values disclosed and neighbourhood features which may contribute towards the personal vulnerability of the profile user. The relative vulnerability is the collective vulnerability of the profiles' friends. The absolute vulnerability is the overall profile vulnerability which considers the individual and relative vulnerabilities. The first part of the framework details a data retrieval approach to extract MySpace profile data to test the vulnerability algorithm using real cases. The profile structure presented significant extraction problems because of the dynamic nature of the OSN. Issues of the usability of a standard dataset including ethical concerns are discussed. Application of the vulnerability measure on extracted data emphasised how so called 'private profiles' are not immune to vulnerability issues. This is because some profile details can still be displayed on private profiles. The second part of the framework presents the normalisation of the measure, in the context of a formal approach which includes the development of axioms and validation of the measure but with a larger dataset of profiles. The axioms highlight that changes in the presented list of profile attributes, and the attributes' weights in making the profile vulnerable, affect the individual vulnerability of a profile. iii Validation of the measure showed that vulnerability involving OSN profiles does occur and this provides a good basis for other researchers to build on the measure further. The novelty of this vulnerability measure is that it takes into account not just the attributes presented on each individual profile but features of the profiles' neighbourhood.

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Nystedt, Jennie. "Are older individuals who live alone in Sweden at increased risk of vulnerability? : An investigation of personal and community factors". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för folkhälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157319.

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Introduction: In Sweden today a third of all those 60+ live alone and the absolute number will continue to increase because of the aging population. The aim of this thesis was to identify if the subgroup, older individuals living alone, might be more disadvantaged in regard to the four key sources to vulnerability suggested by Mechanic and Tanner (2007): Poverty and low socioeconomic status, personal functions, low social network and lack of support, and physical location. Gender differences were also investigated. Method: Data was from the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) collected in 2014. The total sample in this thesis includes 987 individuals with an age between 70-105. To estimate the current living conditions in regard to vulnerability among the subgroup, five dimensions of vulnerability were analyzed with multiple logistic and linear regressions. Results: More disadvantages are found for those men and women living alone in all domains, except in social activity for women where living arrangement made no difference. Significant gender differences can be seen in depressive symptoms and social activity, but not for financial insecurity, mobility problems or living in a disorganized local community. Conclusion: Men and women living alone are more disadvantaged compared to those living with a partner, according to the four key sources to vulnerability. With this deeper insight it is possible to obtain a greater understanding in where policies to support and strengthen this subgroup should be placed.

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Pugh, Dale Michelle, i com dalempugh@hotmail. "A Substantive Theory to Explain How Nurses Deal with an Allegation of Unprofessional Conduct". RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070523.120244.

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As a social endeavour, the practice of nursing is expected to minimise risk of harm to patients. In reality, the risk of breaching or failing to meet a standard of practice, with resultant harm to patients is ever present. Such variations to the expected standard may result in harm to the patient and be viewed as unprofessional conduct within the legislative context. The phenomenon of unprofessional conduct can have significant and sometimes dire outcomes for patients and nurses and provides challenges to understand antecedents to its occurrence and the impact on the nurse. From this realisation, the significance of this study is twofold. Firstly, the literature revealed that an allegation of unprofessional conduct and the associated experience of being reported to a regulatory authority can have significant psycho-social and professional impact on the nurse. Secondly, the phenomenon has received little formal analysis. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to explore the phenomenon of alleged unprofessional conduct, and to develop a theory that provided understanding of the phenomenon and a framework for action. Data was obtained from in-depth interviews of a specialised sample of 21 nurses in any state or territory of Australia who had been the subject of notification by a nursing regulatory authority of alleged unprofessional conduct. Data analysis occurred simultaneously using the constant comparative method. This resulted in the generation of a substantive theory, explaining how nurses dealt with an allegation of unprofessional conduct. This study found that nurses experienced varying degrees and combinations of personal and professional vulnerability. This put them at risk of either making an error, breaching a practice standard, and/or at risk of being reported to a nurse regulatory authority for an allegation of unprofessional conduct. The core social process, a transformation of the personal and professional self is a process that the nurse both 'engages in' and 'goes through', in response to the social problem, being reported to a nurse regulatory authority for alleged unprofessional conduct, and its aftermath. The social process is made up of two categories: loss of the assumptive world: the experience of deconstruction and relearning the world. Loss of the assumptive world is comprised of being confronted, deconstruction of the personal self and deconstruction of the professional self. The category Relearning the world: the experience of reconstruction is constructed of the sub-categories, preserving the self: minimising the unravelling; reconstructing the personal self; reconstructing the professional self; and living within the world. Consequences of the category relearning the world are dynamic and influenced by a number of factors. The ability to transact the deconstructed self and move through the reconstructive processes and experience can be viewed in the following states, stymied, evolving or transacted. The personal and professional transformation of the individual nurse is influenced by the degree of deconstruction initially experienced, the interplay with the influencing factors internal and external support processes; resilience; time; and the constant of vulnerability. The findings of this study have implications for clinical, management, education and research practices in nursing. It also exposes problems with the use of nurse regulatory authorities as a punitive strategy for nurses who err. The uncovering of this substantive theory articulates a process whereby nurses are transformed personally and professionally in response to a traumatic or challenging life event. This substantive theory has value in providing a decision making framework for managing breaches of nursing standards, as a learning tool to identifying and managing risk in nursing and providing a framework for self and external support to nurses who may find themselves in this situation.

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Bentiri, Najat. "soutien au parentage (individuel ou en groupe) selon le genre et l'origine culturelle des parents en situation de vulnérabilité". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30100.

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L'offre de soutien à la parentalité est aujourd'hui multiple. Pourtant nombre de parents en situation de vulnérabilité ne la sollicite pas. Outre les logiques de prévention de la délinquance ou de l'aide sociale à l'enfance, il est nécessaire en France de développer l'évaluation des programmes qui accompagnent et valorisent les compétences éducatives des parents (parentage). A la suite de l'étude de Steen et al. (2012), cette recherche-action évalue, auprès de 77 parents en situation de vulnérabilité, le programme « Etre Parent de Jeunes Enfants » (EPJE) conçu par Terrisse et Pithon (2008). Il s'agit plus particulièrement d'en cerner les effets sur l'évolution des connaissances et du sentiment de compétence parentale, selon la modalité d'accompagnement des parents (en entretien ou en groupe), leur genre ou leur origine culturelle (française ou maghrébine). Les résultats quantitatifs mettent en évidence une progression significative des connaissances et du sentiment de compétences en 15 heures de formation, mais ne dégagent pas de différences significatives selon le genre ou les origines culturelles étudiées. Les analyses qualitatives, par contre, soulignent certaines spécificités : l'entretien permet une meilleure prise en compte personnalisée de la singularité de chacun ; la formation en groupe favorise le lien de participation élective (Paugam, 2008).Les recherches menées sur ce programme confirment sa pertinence auprès de parents en situation de vulnérabilité. Les préconisations sur les modalités de formation à mettre en œuvre réserveraient plutôt l'entretien pour un soutien en prévention secondaire voire tertiaire et le groupe plutôt pour la prévention primaire.Mots clés : parentalité ; sentiment de compétence parental ; vulnérabilité; entretien ; groupe ; culture
The offer of support to parenthood is now multiple. Nevertheless many parents in situations of vulnerability do not solicit it. In addition to the logic of delinquency prevention or social assistance to childhood, France has to develop the evaluation of programs that help and enhance the skills of the parents in education (parenting). As a result of the study by Steen et al. (2012), this action-research evaluates, with 77 parents in situations of vulnerability, the "Being Parent of young children" (EPJE) program designed by Terrisse and Pithon (2008). This research tries to identify the evolution of knowledges and feeling of parental competence, according to the training modalities (personal interview or group training), their gender, or their cultural origins (French or North African). Quantitative results highlight a significant increase of the knowledge and feeling of parental competence after 15 hours training, but no significant differences depending of cultural origins. On the other hand, qualitative analyses emphasize some specificity such as: the personal interview allows a better social support of each one and the group fosters the elective participation link (Paugam, 2008). This research confirms the relevance of this program to parents in situations of vulnerability. The recommendations on the training modalities to implement this program would be to use the personal interview for secondary, or even tertiary prevention, and the group for primary prevention.Keys words: parenthood; feeling of parental compétence;vulnerability; personal interview; Group; culture

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Delouvee, Maxime. "Contributions à l’autonomie de la personne vulnérable". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD030.

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Le vieillissement de population rend inévitables les questionnements sur l’autonomie des personnes âgées. La vie en établissement rend inévitables les questionnements sur l'autonomie d’une personne accueillie ou accompagnée. La mission de protection de la personne rend inévitables les questionnements sur l’autonomie d’un majeur protégé. La liste est longue et peut parfaitement se poursuivre. Tous ces questionnements recoupent en réalité, la difficile conciliation entre l’autonomie et la protection, entre la liberté et la sécurité. Le Droit ne peut plus ignorer ces réalités. Il ne peut plus ignorer par exemple, l’existence d’un questionnement lorsqu’une personne âgée refuse son entrée en maison de retraite, mettant alors sa vie en danger. Il ne peut plus ignorer aussi la difficulté du consentement aux soins des majeurs sous mesure de protection. Cette étude ambitionne donc de revenir sur ces réalités pour envisager une protection de la personne, de son autonomie, conforme aux questions d’aujourd’hui
The ageing of population makes inevitable questionings on the autonomy of the elderly. The life in establishment makes inevitable questionings on the autonomy of the vulnerable person. The mission of protection makes inevitable questionings on the autonomy of major one protected. The list is long and can perfectly continue. The list is long and can continue. All these questionings recut in reality, the difficult conciliation between the autonomy and the protection, between the freedom and the safetyThe law cannot ignore any more these realities. It cannot ignore any more for example, the existence of a questioning when an elderly person refuses its entrance to retirement home, putting then its life in danger. He cannot ignore any more also the difficulty of the consent in the care of the vulnerable adults. This study aspires to return on these realities to envisage a protection of its autonomy, in compliance with the questions of today

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羅淑兒 i Suk-yee Lo. "Vulnerability and resilience to workplace violence among health care workers in public hospitals". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41547822.

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Lo, Suk-yee. "Vulnerability and resilience to workplace violence among health care workers in public hospitals". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41547822.

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Hartmann, Maike M. Verfasser], i Tania [Akademischer Betreuer] [Lincoln. "Einfluss von Stress- und Risikofaktoren auf paranoide Symptome bei Personen mit unterschiedlicher Vulnerabilität / Maike M. Hartmann. Betreuer: Tania Lincoln". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059859807/34.

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Eriksson, Anna, i Linda Josefsson. "Jag styrs av pengarna -som jag inte har : En litteraturstudie om hur personer med psykiskt funktionshinder upplever att ekonomin inverkar på deras vardag". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-10367.

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Background:Persons living with a mental illness often have to put up with a financial disadvantage. Their ability to work is often limited and because of that they have to rely on the welfare reform to get an income. This income is often low compared to other citizens which by itself is something strongly associated with mental illness. Purpose: The purpose in this study was to describe how people living with a mental illness experience that their economic situation has an impact on their daily life. Method: This study is a literature review containing nine scientific articles from previous research. Findings: The study’s findings show that people living with mental illness find it hard to meet basic needs, and that their money is not enough to last a whole month. They feel limited in their daily life, for example their lack of money has a big impact on their spare time. It also makes contact with families and friends harder to maintain. They also felt that they had to put up with things not worthy a human being. Conclusion: The people living with mental illness struggle to fit in to society, but are constantly reminded that they are different.
Bakgrund:Personer som lever med psykisk sjukdom har ofta dåliga ekonomiska förutsättningar. Deras möjligheter att arbeta är ofta begränsade och på grund av det tvingas de att förlita sig på välfärdssystemet för att få en inkomst. Denna inkomst är ofta låg jämfört med andra samhällsmedborgare, något som är sammankopplat med psykisk sjukdom. Syfte: Syftet med arbetet var att beskriva hur personer med psykiskt funktionshinder upplever att deras ekonomiska situation inverkar på deras vardag. Metod: Denna studie är en allmän litteraturstudie innehållande nio vetenskapliga artiklar från tidigare forskning. Resultat: Resultatet visar att människor som lever med psykisk sjukdom upplever det svårt att möta dagliga behov och att deras pengar inte räcker till att leva på under en månad. De känner sig begränsade i sin vardag, exempelvis har deras brist på pengar stor inverkan på deras fritid. Bristen på pengar gör det också svårare att hålla kontakten med familj och vänner. Deltagarna kände att de var tvungna att stå ut med saker som inte var värdigt en människa. Sammanfattning: Personer som lever med psykisk sjukdom kämpar för att passa in i samhället, men påminns ständigt om att de inte passar in.

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Mæhlum, Synøve. "Krenket jeg deg? : Den økede sårbarheten hos personer med begynnende demens og omsorgspersoners mulighet til å respektere deres integritet". Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3310.

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Denne studiens hensikt er dels å belyse den økede sårbarheten hos personer med begynnende demens i forhold til omsorgspersoner, og dels å undersøke hva omsorgspersoner mener bør endres med henblikk på utvikling av kunnskap og kompetanse for integritetsstyrkende omsorg og pleie til denne pasientgruppen. Studien er en del av samarbeidsprosjektet: Helsefremmende og forebyggende psykisk helsearbeid i lokalsamfunnet, som er et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom Høgskolen i Hedmark og to kommuner, en by- og en landkommune. Dataene er skapt på grunnlag av åtte fokusgruppeintervjuer med hjemmehjelpere og pårørende og dialogbasert undervisning i de respektive kommuner i peioden okt. 2003-mars 2004. Dataene er analysert ved hjelp av kvalitativ innholdsanalyse. Resultatene viser at intervjupersonene erfarer at personer med begynnende demens har en spesiell sårbarhet og opplever både lidelse og krenkelser i sin hverdag. Hjemmehjelperne etterlyste kontinuitet i tjenesten og ”tilstrekkelig tid” i samhandligssituasjoner med personer med begynnende demens. Pårørende ønsket rutiner for oppfølging både av pasient og pårørende etter utredning og diagnostisering. I tillegg ønsket de bedre rutiner for kommunikasjon og samarbeid mellom pårørende og de hjemmebaserte tjenester.Både pårørende og hjemmehjelper ønsket et relevant faglig undervisningsopplegg for personer som har omsorgsansvar for personer med begynnende demens.
The aim of this MPH thesis is partly to show the increased vulnerability at early stages of dementia related to their caretakers, and partly to investigate what the caretakers think should be changed when it comes to development of knowledge and competence necessary for promoting a care based on the respect for the integrity of this group of patients. The study is part of a research collaboration between Hedmark University College and two municipalities, one urban and one rural municipality: Promotive and preventive mental health work in the local community. Data is created on the basis of eight focus group interviews with home care workers and family carers (spouses and children) from two municipalities during October-03 through March-04. Data was analysed by means of qualitative content analyses. The results show that the persons interviewed had experienced that persons suffering from dementia experienced vulnerability and different kinds of threats against their integrity in their daily life. The home care workers wanted continuance in the service and “time enough” in the caring situations with the patients suffering from dementia to be able to give security and confidence. The family carers wanted collaboration- and communication routines to be able to take better care of the patient. They also felt very much left alone in the care of the patient.

ISBN 91-7997-118-0

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Bernadet, Sabrina. "Consommation de substances psychoactives et comportements antisociaux à l’adolescence : étude psychopathologique multi-échantillons, approche centrée sur la personne et facteurs de vulnérabilité". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21977/document.

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L’objectif de cette recherche est d’étudier, chez l’adolescent, les mécanismes psychopathologiques et psychologiques impliqués dans la co-occurrence de comportements antisociaux et de conduites de consommation et responsables de la « pathologisation » de la consommation de substances psychoactives, par l’adoption conjointe d’une approche centrée sur la personne et centrée sur les variables et la mise en place d’un dispositif d’étude multi-échantillons. Ainsi, cette recherche comporte trois volets : 1) une étude en milieu scolaire menée auprès de 1025 collégiens âgés de 12 ans à 16 ans, 2) une étude en milieu psychiatrique menée auprès de 168 adolescents suivis ou hospitalisés pour un trouble externalisé ou internalisé, âgés de 12 ans à 18 ans, et 3) une étude en addictologie menée auprès de 43 adolescents abuseurs/dépendants à une substance psychoactive, âgés de 12 ans à 18 ans. Un protocole d’évaluation pluri-source (adolescents, parents, enseignants) a permis d’évaluer les comportements antisociaux, les conduites de consommation, les conduites à risques, les troubles et symptômes externalisés et internalisés (et les antécédents de troubles), la personnalité, le stress perçu et les stratégies de coping de ces adolescents. Ce dispositif a permis de montrer que les adolescents les plus susceptibles d’associer ces deux comportements et d’adopter des conduites de consommation à risques présentent des difficultés à la fois relationnelles (faible coopération, trouble oppositionnel avec provocation, faible transcendance), émotionnelles (symptômes dépressifs, troubles internalisés, intolérance à la frustration, stress perçu dans le domaine scolaire ou dans la relation aux parents, stratégies d’adaptation dysfonctionnelles) et comportementales (forte recherche de nouveauté, comorbidité TDAH/TOP). La pathologisation des conduites de consommation relèvent d’enjeux similaires à l’adoption de conduites de consommation à risques. Néanmoins, le risque de pathologisation serait d’autant plus important que les enjeux émotionnels et relationnels relèvent de manifestations tempéramentales (faible dépendance à la récompense sociale). En termes de prévention des conduites de consommation à l’adolescence et de leur pathologisation, il paraît primordial de bien distinguer ces différents niveaux de vulnérabilité (psychopathologique, psychologique, tempéramentaux, adaptatif)
This work aims to study, among adolescents, the psychopathological and psychological mechanisms involved in the co-occurrence of antisocial behaviors and psychoactive substance use and in the “pathologizing” of psychoactive substance use through a person-centered and a variable-centered approach and based on a multi-sample plan. This research focus on: 1) 1 025 middle and high school students aged between 12 to 16 years old, 2) 168 inpatients and outpatients adolescents aged between 12 to 18 years old, and 3) 43 psychoactive substance abusers/dependent adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years. A multi-source assessment (adolescents, parents, teachers) was used to collect information about adolescents’ antisocial behaviors, psychoactive substance use, risk-taking behaviors, past and present externalized and internalized disorders and symptoms, personality, perceived stress and coping strategies. The results show that adolescents are most likely to associate antisocial behaviors and psychoactive substances use and to have a risky psychoactive substance use when they present both relational problems (low cooperation, oppositional defiant disorder, low transcendence), emotional difficulties (depressive symptoms, internalizing disorder, intolerance to frustration, perceived stress in school and in relationships with parents, dysfunctional coping strategies) and behavioral dysregulation (high novelty seeking, ADHD/ODD comorbidity). Mechanisms involved in the pathologizing of psychoactive substance use are similar to the adoption of risky psychoactive substance use. Nevertheless, the risk of pathologizing is all the more important when emotional and relational problems are temperamental expression (low social reward dependence). In terms of prevention of risky psychoactive substance use in adolescence and of its pathologizing, it seems important to distinguish between these different levels of vulnerability (psychopathological, psychological, temperamental, adaptative)

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Tonini, Hernanda. "Direitos e liberdades das pessoas com deficiência em áreas rurais do Rio Grande do Sul : vulnerabilidades e desenvolvimento social ampliado". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172671.

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O presente estudo analisa situações de vida de pessoas com deficiência que vivem em áreas rurais do RS com base na noção de desenvolvimento social ampliado. Portanto, reflete estratégias adotadas pelas famílias em busca de seus direitos e liberdades em vista de sua reprodução socioeconômica em comunidades rurais de Camaquã e Chuvisca, localizadas na Metade Sul do estado. Para nortear os caminhos da pesquisa, definiu-se como objetivo geral conhecer, refletir e analisar os meios e modos de vida de pessoas com deficiência em áreas rurais do RS e as dinâmicas familiares na perspectiva do desenvolvimento social ampliado. Fazendo uso de metodologia quali e quantitativa, foram realizadas 24 entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo 12 pessoas com deficiência e 12 familiares. O cenário do estudo foi analisado a partir da distribuição e frequência de pessoas com deficiência em 8 municípios da Metade Sul do RS, segundo Censo de 2010, em conjunto com os critérios de desenvolvimento adotados pelo PROINTER/UFRGS. A pesquisa documental possibilitou confrontar a realidade vivenciada pelos entrevistados com a base legal existente nas cidades investigadas. A análise de conteúdo permitiu a identificação de 7 categorias temáticas: renda, mobilidade, saúde e reabilitação, interação social, educação, entorno rural; cuidado e doação. Os resultados apontam para a alta incidência de deficiências em pessoas que vivem no rural da Metade Sul do RS, em alguns casos superando 50% da população, além da prevalência dos casos no sexo feminino. Os participantes vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade e privação de liberdades, visto as características do ambiente rural e a escassez de recursos e serviços. No que tange ao acesso aos direitos constitucionais, nenhum dos entrevistados realiza trabalho remunerado, 58,3% recebe benefício assistencial, 33,3% frequenta a escola, todos eles utilizam o sistema público de saúde, sendo que 2 deles não possuem diagnóstico. As dinâmicas familiares são diversas, sofrendo influência da rede de contatos, do tipo de deficiência, das condições econômicas entre outros. Dentre os principais ativos acessados pelas famílias na construção de suas estratégias de enfrentamento e sobrevivência, destaque para os benefícios da terra própria, base do rendimento dos participantes do estudo, acesso a veículos motorizados, rede de contatos e serviços sociais e humanos (assistência social, associações, sistema de saúde). Os contextos de vida partilhados justificam a defesa da perspectiva de desenvolvimento social ampliado, estimulando as capacidades e liberdades de todos os indivíduos na sociedade.
The study analyses livelihood from disability person who lives on rural areas in RS and the concept of enlarged social development. Therefore, it reflects strategies adopted by households searching for rights and freedom to their social and economic reproduction in Camaquã and Chuvisca rural communities, located at half south of RS State. To guide the research, the principal objective were defined to know, reflect and analyse livelihood of disability person in rural areas and family dynamics considering enlarged social development. It is a quali and quantitative study, containing a semi structured interview with the participation of 24 people (12 disability people and 12 relatives). The scenery of this study was analyzed from distribution and frequency of disability from the Census of 2010 and the development criteria used by PROINTER/UFRGS. The documental research allowed to compare the reality of life of the respondents with the current legal basis in investigated cities. The content analysis identified 7 theme categories: income, mobility, health and rehabilitation, social integration, education, rural environment, care and giving. The results indicate high rates of disability in rural in the half south of RS State, in some cases, they are more than 50% of the population, and there is prevalence of female. Participants live under vulnerability situation and freedom deprivation, caused by rural environmental characteristics and scarcity of resources and services. Concerning constitutional principles access, none of the respondents works on a paid job, 58,3% receive BPC, 33,3% attends school, all of them use health public system, 2 of them doesn´t have any diagnosis. Family dynamics are diverse, being influenced by network, type of disability, economic conditions, and others. Among the main assets accessed by households to build their strategies of confrontation and survive, there are an emphasis for benefits of own land, principal income of the participants, access to motor vehicles, network contacts, social and human services (social assistance, associations, health system). Shared livelihoods contexts justify the perspective of enlarged social development, stimulating capabilities and freedom of everyone in society.

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Aragão, Jamilly da Silva. "Vulnerabilidade relacionada às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em pessoas com deficiência física". Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2683.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) constitute a global public health problem. Each year, 340 million people are affected by some kind of STI. Incidence and prevalence control of HIV/aids cases is not complete and prevention, and treatment initiatives have been classified as partially successful. Therefore, a greater emphasis on awareness is necessary so as to prevent the development of new or existing cases and to avoid progress to more severe conditions. For which levels of prevention configure effectively, it is necessary to have knowledge about the vulnerable conditions that contribute to the onset of diseases and other complications. Considering that disabled people live in constant situations that might expose them to increased vulnerability. Therefore, there has been a search to analyze the conditions that increase dimensions of vulnerability related to sexually transmitted infections in disable individuals. In a transversal study with meaningful approach held in 2015 in an Association for the Disabled in Campina Grande/PB, Brazil, 98 individuals participated, thus answering a form on the dimensions of vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections. We conducted the chi-square test, Fisher and contingency coefficient and prevalence ratio. We identified association was found among the occurrence of sexually transmitted infections with the number of partners (p = 0.020), believing to have few partners as prevention (p = 0.044), believing low hygiene to be as a risk factor, age (p = 0.007) kind of disability (p = 0.007) and being conducted to medical appointment with urologist (p = 0.030). This study concluded that sexually transmitted infections in people with physical disabilities were associated with the conditions of the three dimensions of vulnerability. By characterizing vulnerable conditions, it is possible to follow a specific prevention linked to their individual, social and health reality.
As Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) constituem um problema de saúde pública, visto que no mundo, a cada ano, 340 milhões de pessoas são acometidas por algum tipo destas infecções. Em se tratando dos casos de HIV/aids o controle da incidência/prevalência não é total, sendo as iniciativas de prevenção e tratamento classificadas como parcialmente exitosas. Portanto se faz necessário uma maior atenção à prevenção a fim de evitar o desenvolvimento de novos casos ou que os existentes possam evoluir para quadros mais graves. Para que os níveis de prevenção configurem-se de forma eficaz, é necessário o conhecimento sobre as condições de vulnerabilidade, que contribuem para o aparecimento de doenças e de outras complicações, principalmente em pessoas com deficiência, pois estas convivem em constantes situações que podem expô-las ao aumento da vulnerabilidade. Nesta perspectiva buscou-se analisar as condições que potencializam as dimensões de vulnerabilidade relacionadas às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em pessoas com deficiência física. Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em 2015, em uma organização associativa do estado da Paraíba para pessoas com deficiência de Campina Grande/PB, Brasil. Participaram 98 sujeitos que responderam um formulário sobre as dimensões de vulnerabilidade para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Realizaram-se os testes de Qui-quadrado, Fisher e Coeficiente de contingência. Verificou-se associação entre a ocorrência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis com o número de parceiros (p=0,020), acreditar em poucos parceiros como prevenção (p=0,044), acreditar na má higiene como fator de risco, idade (p=0,007), tipo de deficiência (p=0,007) e realização de consulta com urologista (p=0,030). Conclui-se que as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em pessoas com deficiência física foram associadas às condições das três dimensões de vulnerabilidade. Por meio da caracterização das condições de vulnerabilidade é possível traçar uma prevenção específica atrelada a sua realidade individual, social e de saúde.

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Marchand, Bertrand. "L'accompagnement spirituel dans l'action sociale : enquête menée au sein d'associations protestantes intervenant auprès de personnes en situation d'exclusion". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAK004/document.

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Cette thèse en théologie pratique s’intéresse à la prise en compte de la dimension spirituelle des personnes en situation d’exclusion, accueillies par les associations protestantes d’action sociale. Le travail a été conduit sous la forme d’une enquête par entretiens, sur le terrain d’intervention d’une trentaine d’associations en France métropolitaine. Il propose un modèle d’accompagnement spirituel aconfessionnel, adapté au champ de l’action sociale, centré sur la personne en précarité, et mené par une équipe d’accompagnants. Cet accompagnement aconfessionnel garde toute sa pertinence au sein d’une association protestante,en tant que vocation de l’Église à être « aux côtés » des personnes en précarité. Il s’écarte de la poïménique traditionnelle, et se distingue de l’aide sociale. Le modèle propose des voies de facilitation pour l’émergence de la spiritualité des personnes en précarité, et aborde la question de la formation des accompagnants spirituels
This thesis in pratical theology considers the spiritual dimension of socially-excluded personswho benefit from protestant associations engaged in social action. The research isbased on interviews conducted among about thirty associations in metropolitan France. Itproposes a person-centered, non-confessionnal model of spiritual care adapted to the fieldof social action, and led by a team of caregivers. This non-confessionnal support is particularlyrelevant within protestant associations, considering the vocation of the Church tostand ‘alongside’ people in their vulnerability. It departs from traditional pastoral counselingand from social assistance. The model provides ways of facilitating the emergenceof a spirituality among people in situations of social exclusion, and tackles the training ofspiritual caregivers

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Agnoleti, Michelle Barbosa. "A transmigração no espaço, no corpo e na subjetividade: deslocamentos de fronteiras na experiência de travestis paraibanas na Itália". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9730.

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The research sought to examine social aspects and the legal implications of the transit of transvestites from Paraiba, Brazil to Italy. For this, semi-structured interviews with 8 transvestites aged 19 to 35 years old who prostitute themselves or have prostituted themselves in Italy and the observations were recorded in a field diary; through the collected data, we could put together experiences and perceptions and standards relating to human trafficking in Brazil; checking as the official speeches in Brazil, engendered in documents and interviews with the public authorities engaged in actions of investigative and judicial processes, expressed in laws, policies, and government actions, are consistent with strategies to control immigration in Europe, combining xenophobia and transphobia in order to contribute to the marginalization and criminalization of Brazilian transvestites involved in the European sex trade. It appeared that they repackage subjective and socially in displacement between the borders of an increasingly globalized world, and increasingly plastic bodies and increasingly fluid genders, organizing for both networks of solidarity and sociability by reputable speech officials as criminals, and, from this, we discussed the trafficking of humans from the collation of perceptions of transvestites trafficking, society and public managers. Their results enabled the (re) discussion of how this phenomenon has been discussed in order to afford those citizens not only protection but also freedom and respect.
A pesquisa buscou avaliar aspectos sociais e as implicações jurídicas do trânsito de travestis paraibanas para a Itália. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 8 travestis com idades entre 19 e 35 anos que se prostituem ou já se prostituíram na Itália e registradas observações em diário de campo; a partir dos dados depreendidos desse material, confrontaram-se vivências e percepções com normas e políticas atinentes ao tráfico de pessoas, no Brasil; verificando como os discursos oficiais no Brasil, engendrados em documentos e entrevistas realizadas junto a autoridades públicas empenhadas em ações de investigação e processos judiciais, expressos em normas, políticas públicas e ações governamentais, coadunam-se com estratégias de controle migratório na Europa, conjugando xenofobia e transfobia de modo a contribuir com a marginalização e criminalização de travestis brasileiras inseridas no comércio sexual europeu. Constatou-se que elas se reformulam subjetiva e socialmente no deslocamento entre as fronteiras de um mundo cada vez mais globalizado, entre corpos cada vez mais plásticos e gêneros cada vez mais fluidos, organizando-se para tanto em redes de solidariedade e sociabilidade reputadas pelo discurso oficial como criminosas, e, a partir disso, discutiu-se o tráfico de pessoas a partir do cotejo de percepções de travestis, sociedade e gestores públicos. Seus resultados possibilitaram e possibilitam a (re)discussão da forma como este fenômeno vem sendo abordado, de modo a assegurar a essas cidadãs não apenas proteção, mas também liberdade e respeito.

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Bougardier, Maripierre. "La protection durable de la personne vulnérable en droit civil". Thesis, Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0117.

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La loi du 5 mars 2007 relative à la protection juridique des majeurs a fait de la question de la protection de la personne et de son autonomie une ligne directrice. La conciliation de cette double injonction paradoxale - protéger et rendre autonome - confère un cadre humaniste à la loi. Pour rendre la capacité au majeur sans pour autant nier la fonction protectrice des mesures, la protection juridique obéit à des « grands principes». Ces principes permettent d'adapter la protection à la vulnérabilité de la personne et, en outre, de lui laisser des libertés, des capacités. La protection se rénove ainsi sous le concept de durabilité. Ce concept consiste à améliorer les capacités individuelles des personnes vulnérables. L'existence du concept de durabilité se manifeste donc dans le champ de protection des personnes vulnérables et l'expression de ce concept, parce qu'il tend à favoriser l'autonomie de ces dernières, leur assure un soutien. Le concept de durabilité, appliqué dans le champ de protection des personnes vulnérables, a d'abord germé en droit des majeurs protégés. Pourtant, la vulnérabilité rayonne audelà de ce cercle étroit. Depuis la réforme du 10 février 2016, la vulnérabilité a été prise en compte en droit commun des contrats. La référence à la vulnérabilité permet de démontrer que ce n'est qu'à certaines conditions qu'on admet l'application des normes protectrices. Ces normes, telles qu'elles ont évolué avec les lois récentes, traduisent une appréhension nouvelle de la protection sous le prisme de la «durabilité». L'expression de la protection durable se manifeste particulièrement dans le droit des majeurs protégés qui en est le berceau. Des mécanismes tendent en effet à favoriser l'expression de la volonté de la personne et donc son autonomie afin de l'associer le plus possible aux décisions la concernant. La personne est ainsi intégrée dans le processus décisionnel. On découvre aujourd'hui les traces d'une protection durable en droit commun des contrats, le droit des contrats et le droit des majeurs protégés comportant des mécanismes destinés à permettre le rétablissement de l'autonomie de la personne
The article of law dated 5 March 2007 regarding legal protection of adults has raised a guideline the issue of protection and autonomy of the protected persons. Conciliation of this double paradoxical injunction - protecting and empowering - gives the law a humanist framework. In order to give capability back to the person of full age without denying protective fonction of measures, legal protection obeys "guiding principles". These principles enable adjustment of protection depending on the person 's vulnerability and, in addition, allow him to keep his freedom and abilities. Protection is renewed under the concept of durability, by improving individual capacities of vulnerable persons. The existence of the concept of durability manifests in the fields of protection of the vulnerable persons and in the expression of the concept, as it tends towards the development of the vulnerable person in the autonomy and providing them with support. The concept of sustainable, applied in the field of protection of vulnerable people, was first germinated in law of protected adults. However, vulnerability shines beyond this narrow circle. Since reform of 10 February 2016, vulnerability has been taken into account in the Common Contract Law. Reference to vulnerability makes it possible to demonstrate that it is only under certain conditions that the application of protective standards is accepted. These standards, which have evolved through recent legislation, reflect a new apprehension of protection under the prism of the " durability ". The expression of sustainable protection is manifested particularly in the law of protected adults which is its beginnings. Mechanisms tend in fact to favour expression of the will of the person and therefore his autonomy in order to make him take part as much as possible in decisions which concem him. The person is thus integrated into the decision-making process. We can now discover traces of a sustainable protection in the Common Contract Law, law of contracts and right of protected adults thus including mechanisms designed to restore of the person's autonomy

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M'Bediobet, Mabala Pauline Magalie. "L'âge en droit privé". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1052.

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Cette thèse porte sur l’influence de l’âge des personnes physiques en droit privé. Le but est de démontrer comment son utilisation en fait un facteur d’humanisation du droit privé puisque de toute évidence, l’âge est en droit privé, un critère dont le législateur se sert pour organiser la protection des personnes physiques vulnérables et un critère pris en considération par le juge pour apprécier cette protection. Cette protection se mesure à travers l’influence de ce critère sur la situation juridique du mineur mais aussi sur celle des personnes d’un âge avancé pour lesquelles l’âge constitue un facteur de vulnérabilité. Cette thèse montre les rapports entre les notions d’âge, enfance et vieillesse puisqu’il s’agit là des deux extrémités de l’âge qui intéressent le droit privé. Elle montre également comment au fil des siècles ce critère s’est imposé en droit privé et comment le fait d’en faire un facteur de protection de la personne humaine s’est progressivement consacré grâce à l’internationalisation du droit. Elle met en évidence la prise en considération du critère de l’âge légal ou réel dans les dispositions législatives relatives à la protection des mineurs et des personnes âgées et elle examine les conséquences de cette protection relative à l’âge, à travers deux illustrations essentielles : l’incidence de l’âge de la responsabilité sur l’autonomie du mineur et l’incidence de l’âge sur l’autonomie des personnes âgées. Elle montre également la participation du juge dans l’appréciation de ce critère en tant que facteur de protection des personnes
This thesis focuses on the influence of the age of physical persons in private law. The goal is to demonstrate how its use makes it a humanizing factor of private law. Age is widespread in private law, being both a criterion that the legislator uses to organize the protection of vulnerable physical persons and also a criterion taken into consideration by the judge to estimate this protection. This protection is measured through the influence of this criterion on the legal position of the minor but also that of people of advanced age where age is a factor of vulnerability. This thesis shows the relationship between age concepts, childhood and old age as these are the two ends of the age spectrum relevant to private law. Likewise, it shows how over the centuries this criterion has been imposed in private law and how the fact of making it a protection of the human person has gradually been achieved through the internationalization of law. This thesis not only highlights the consideration of the criterion of legal or actual age in legislation concerning the protection of both minors and the elderly, but it also examines the consequences of this protection through two essential illustrations : the impact of the age of responsibility on the autonomy of the minor and the impact of age on the independence of the elderly

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Haipinge, Rauha. "Woman vulnerability to HIV/AIDS : an investigation into women's conceptions and experiences in negotiating sex and safe sex in Okalongo constituency, Omusati Region, Namibia". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004337.

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This study emerged from the high prevalence rate of HIV and AIDS infection among women in Sub-Saharan Africa, which has no exception to Namibia. Women have been vulnerable to HIV and AIDS let alone on sex related issues since the epidemic emerged, but not research has been done specifically to Okalongo women. The way in which women vulnerable to HIV and AIDS infection were explored by examined social and cultural identities that affect women’s sexual relations in negotiating sex and safe sex. Qualitative study on a sample of fifteen women was conducted in Okalongo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the conceptions and experiences of women in negotiating sex and safe sex with their husband and partners. Feminist theory guided the methodology and analysis of data. I assumed that gender roles andsexuality are socially constructed, shaped by religion, social, political, and economic influences and modified throughout life. Feminist theory assisted in documentary the ways in which the female’s gender and sexuality in Okalongo is shaped by cultural influences and by institutions that disadvantage female and other oppressed groups by silencing their voices. The feminist further guided the discussion of the contradicting messages about women’s sexuality and their experiences, as women complied, conformed and even colluded with their oppression. To address the issue under study, the primary analysis of data from the focus group discussion and individual interview were utilised. The following themes were the heart of analysis: Women Positionality, Normalisation and Compliance, Women Agency and Male Dominance Power, Women Perceptions of Risk, Sex Education in and out of school among Women.In this study the data suggested that women in Okalongo are more vulnerable to their lack of assertiveness, as they have difficult in developing an authoritative voice, they tend to be humble about their achievements and knowledge and to only assertively when concerned about others. The findings supported the literature that women’s vulnerability is strongly influenced and tied by broader forces present in the society. Women’s vulnerability is real and needs to be tackled for any progress to occur in the fight against AIDS. Until factors that constraints and enabling women agency to negotiate sex and safe sex acknowledged and addressed, women will continue to succumb to the HIV pandemic.

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Afolayan, Abimbola Gloria. "Haitian Children's House-Tree-Person Drawings: Global Similarities and Cultural Differences". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1438377964.

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Batikhy, Nejma. "Étude narrative et éthique de la personne âgée hospitalisée : la chute, l'alitement, et la toilette". Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC2184/document.

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À partir de la chute physique d'un patient, qui survient dans un service hospitalier, nous nous interrogeons sur les actions soignantes, qui vampirisées par la prévention, et par les soins codifiés, techniques, mettent ce moment entre parenthèse. Et pourtant, il nous semble que ce moment condense à lui seul l'existence. L'asymétrie ici est criante entre le soignant debout et le patient au sol ; autour de cet incident, qu'est la chute, le soin peut prendre tout son sens. Cette situation serait comme une mi-parabole de la relation soignant - soigné. Nous souhaitons aborder la chute, le vécu du patient, celui du soignant, de la position administrative, et ce qu’elle peut susciter dans un service. Le lien entre les soins infirmiers et la chute physique est ici bien concret, mais nous servira de tremplin pour élargir sur une autre Chute. Notre cheminement est de partir d’une situation concrète, et de faire focus sur certains aspects : le silence soudain lorsque les soignants entendent le bruit de la chute, sans réellement savoir que c’est d’une chute dont il s’agit, le temps passé au sol et dans la solitude, et peut-être la crainte du patient, les efforts physiques et du patient et du soignant pour la mise au lit, la gêne, la honte souvent de celui qui est tombé… en rythmant ce travail avec des témoignages de soignants et patients. La bibliographie présentée traite de l’hôpital- prison (Foucault), lorsqu’il s’agit de contentionner la personne sous prétexte de sécurité, sur l’Événement (Hannah Arendt et Derrida) pour approfondir ce terme clef 'Evénement' par les cellules qualité des institutions hospitalières : « événement indésirable » pour la chute d’un patient … qui est événement révélateur : la chute est ce moment où l'on perd son éminence parce qu'une vérité est révélée, au lieu de rester cachée à l'intérieur de soi. Cette éminence était donc fausse ? Ou bien pourrait-elle être, à l'inverse, révélée dans cette chute ?
The initial question came to my mind when I saw a patient fall physically in a hospital ward. This sighting made me wonder about the nurses’ pursuant actions, who over-laden by strict prevention rules, coded medical acts and techniques, put this particular moment on hold. And yet, it seems that this very instant alone summarizes the essence of our existence. Asymmetry here is striking: the nurse standing and the patient lying on de floor. In that case i.e. the fall, care becomes meaningful. This could create a half-parabolic situation in the caregiver-patient relationship. I am going to broach the phenomenon of fall, examine the patient’s and the carer’s life experiences, administrative rules and how these rules impact a ward’s activities. The link between nursing care and physical fall is very concrete here, but it will also serve a springboard for an opening onto another fall. My unfolding is set as follows : Start out from a concrete situation, focus on some aspects e.g. the nurses’ hush after hearing the noise of the fall trying to find out what made that noise; the length of time past, the solitude while lying on the floor, the fear the patient may have, physical efforts on both sides, to get the patient back in bed; the feeling of embarrassment and the shame the fallen ones often have. Eventually, I punctuate this work by evoking both patients’ and nurses’ accounts and testimonies in the subject. The bibliography presented in this paper is about subjects such as hospital, prison (Foucault) when it comes to restraining the patient on the account of security. Furthermore, event (Hannah Arendt and Derrida) in order to examine the key term EVENT in more detail by the quality cells of hospital institutions: “Undesired/Unwanted fall” to refer to a patient’s fall. It is a revealing event insofar as the fall causes the person to lose his/her eminence due to an unveiled truth impeding him/her to stay hidden inside his/herself. Has this eminence been false then ? Or, conversely, could that fall reveal it ?

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Couch, Matthew M. "A Phenomenological Study of Over-Involvement in Undergraduate Students". The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1466343554.

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Geraldi, Débora. "Do estigma social à invisibilidade : a pessoa com deficiência física nas políticas públicas voltadas para a redução de desastres". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6720.

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In contact with some specific agents, the disordered occupation of the cities reveals risks that were somewhat dormant. Rain can be considered one of these agents, because your interaction with the environment often affects the routines of places, promoting various disruptions to the lives of people, including a disaster situation. The Civil Defense is the agency responsible for the security of the population in these events and considers in their manuals that some groups are more vulnerable: people with physical disabilities are one of this. Thus, the objective was to analyze sociologically how a person with disabilities is considered by the Civil Defense and by the scientific literature in the context of disaster, seeing there is a gap in sociological literature as concerning the analysis of disabled people and their interaction with the biophysical environment. To this end, we conducted a survey to review documents and protocols provided by the Brazilian Civil Defense, as well as documents and studies available in online research platforms, which analyze the interaction of disability with disasters, and thereby discriminating the foci predominant theme in contemporary studies. The aim is to present a synthesis of sociological knowledge about the group in the context of disasters.
A ocupação desordenada das cidades revelam perigos que estavam de certa forma latentes, quando em contato com alguns agentes específicos. As chuvas podem ser consideradas um desses agentes, pois a sua interação com o meio, muitas vezes prejudica as rotinas dos lugares, promovendo inúmeros transtornos à vida das pessoas, inclusive situações de desastres. A Defesa Civil é o órgão responsável pela segurança da população frente a esses eventos, e considera em seus Manuais alguns grupos como mais vulneráveis, entre eles, as pessoas com deficiência física. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi o de analisar sociologicamente de que forma a pessoa com deficiência física é considerada tanto pelos orgãos da Defesa Civil, quanto pela literatura científica especializada, num contexto de desastre, visto que existe uma lacuna na literatura sociológica no que concerne a análise das pessoas com deficiência e sua interação com o meio biofísico. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental a fim de analisar documentos e protocolos disponibilizados pela Defesa Civil brasileira, como também documentos e estudos existentes em plataformas de pesquisa online, que abordam a interação da deficiência física com os desastres, e assim, discriminando os focos predominantes de estudos contemporâneos no tema. O intuito é o de apresentar uma síntese sociológica do conhecimento a respeito do grupo, no contexto de desastres.

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Soares, Neto Alcides Pereira. "Qualidade de vida de pessoas em situação de rua do Brasil Central". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6714.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the quality of life of individuals living in the street, homeless, from August to October 2015. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire containing questions related to social, economic and demographic aspects and the generic quality of life instrument for World Health Organization Quality of Life - Bref (WHOQOL-Bref). To evaluate factors associated with QoL, were used multiple linear regression. The level of significance was set at ≤ 5 %. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0,66 to 0,80, implying good instrument reliability. the study population consisted of 150 individuals, with the youngest aged 18 and the oldest 82 years. The mean scores of the WHOQOL-Bref were higher in Physical (68,1) and Psychological (66,6) domains and the lower scores were obtained from the Environment (44,1) and Social Relations domains (56,6). Significant averages in quality of life were demonstrated in association with male homeless, married, age (30 - 40 years), non-users of illicit drugs and without reported toothache and discrimination. This study allowed identifying the dimensions of life of homeless that are affected, emphasizing the need to creation of public policies and social support to effectively reduce the vulnerabilities of these individuals. It also allows us to reflect on the nurses responsibility in promoting health, and therefore, improve their quality of life of people.
Estudo transversal que objetivou avaliar a qualidade de vida de indivíduos em situação de rua, entre agosto a outubro de 2015. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário contendo questões relacionadas a aspectos sociais, econômicos e demográficos e do instrumento genérico de qualidade de vida World Health Organization Quality of Life - Bref (WHOQOL-Bref). Para avaliar os fatores associados à QV utilizou-se a regressão linear múltipla. O nível de significância adotado foi de ≤ 5%. O alfa de Cronbach variou entre 0,66 e 0,80, inferindo uma boa confiabilidade do instrumento. A população do estudo foi composta por 150 indivíduos, sendo o mais jovem com 18 anos e o mais velho com 82 anos. As médias dos escores do WHOQOL-Bref foram maiores nos domínios Físico (68,1) e Psicológico (66,6) e, os menores escores foram obtidos dos domínios Meio Ambiente (44,1) e Relações Sociais (56,6). Demonstraram médias significativas na associação da qualidade de vida, moradores de rua do sexo masculino, casados, idade (30 - 40 anos), não usuários de drogas ilícitas e sem relato de dor de dente e de discriminação. Esse estudo permitiu identificar as dimensões da qualidade de vida dos moradores de rua que estão afetadas, ressaltando a necessidade de criar políticas públicas e suporte social que sejam efetivos para reduzir as vulnerabilidades desses indivíduos. Ainda, permite-nos refletir sobre a responsabilidade dos enfermeiros na promoção da saúde e, consequentemente, na melhoria da qualidade de vida dessas pessoas.

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Phillips, Bradley W. "Beyond the space cadre". Quantico, VA : Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA490929.

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Kadem, Sabine. "Le droit du plus faible comme principe d'interprétation judiciaire en droit civil de la personne". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0104.

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La faiblesse est partout et touche tout le monde. Lorsqu’elle se trouve dévoilée serévèle la vulnérabilité. Et c’est dans ce moment là que la faiblesse doit être qualifiéejuridiquement. Or comme toute qualification, elle doit obéir à des règles. Ces règles s’imposentà la présente étude comme premier fondement analytique. C’est en effet en partant du droitprivé, celui de la personne, que de premières règles garantissant les droits de « l’Homme »peuvent être identifiées. Celles-ci ont pour objet ce qui fait l’être humain, dans sa faiblesse.Elles en donnent une forme de définition, juridique, mais sans toute la profondeur d’uneapproche autrement que systémique, voire parfois systématique, au sens d’une régulationadministrativiste des droits. C’est aux entrecroisements théoriques, qui fondent la règle dedroit, que l’on peut saisir des hypothèses faisant être la règle de droit. Toutefois, c’est dans lapensée sous-jacente, que seul un langage de philosophie du droit saura révéler, le lieu où lafaiblesse trouvera sa correspondance la plus exigeante. Là elle rejoint les langagesontologique et métaphysique, qui font qu’elle « existe » au-delà de toute qualification juridique.D’une approche de philosophie du droit on retiendra donc que le droit du plus faible obéit àplusieurs règles communes, relevant d’une forme d’universalité, et que celles-ci peuventtrouver une véritable traduction en droit positif. C’est une forme de typologie de la faiblesseque l’on retrouve le plus souvent en pratique dans le discours du juge. C’est en invoquant lasentence du juge, dans sa souveraine interprétation judiciaire, que la faiblesse prend sadernière forme, celle que la personne se doit d’accepter pour faire valoir un droit
The weakness is everywhere and affects everybody. When she is revealed, showsitself the vulnerability. A this moment she must be legally qualified. Yet, as any qualification,her has to obey rules. So these impose upon the present study as first analytica l foundation.Indeed while leaving of the private law, that of the person, of first rules guaranteeing the rightsof " the Man " can be identified. These have for object what makes the human being, in hisweakness, in a way gives a shape of definition, legal, but without all the depth of an approachthan what systematism, even sometimes systematic, in the sense of a regulation“administrativiste” rights. It is in the theoretical intertwinings, that base the legal rule, whichwe can seize with hypotheses making the legal rule be. However, it is in the underlyingthought, that only a language of philosophy of the right/law will know how to reveal, that theweakness will find its most demanding correspondence. There she joins the ontological andmetaphysical languages, which make that she "exists". Of an approach of philosophy of theright/law we shall thus retain that the right of the weakest obeys several common rules, andbeing of a shape of universality, and that these can find a real translation in substant ive law. Itis a shape of typology of the weakness that we find most of the time in practice in the speechof the judge. While calling upon the judgment of the judge, in his ruler judicial interpretation,the weakness take its last shape, the one that the person owes accept to assert to right a“right”

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Wanègue, Mickaël. "Du risque au péril, dialectiques de la protection du vulnérable : la pratique du mandat judiciaire en direction des majeurs protégés". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3009.

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Le mandataire judiciaire à la protection des majeurs (MJPM) intervient dans la vie d’autrui par décision de justice. Entre un cadrage de cette mission par des textes de loi et le face-à-face avec le majeur vulnérable, comment incarne-t-il sa mission de protection ? Et plus encore, quels sont les débats et les choix qui lui sont propres pour l’accomplir ? C’est par une approche qui articule l’ergologie et l’interaction langagière que nous observons sa pratique professionnelle au regard de la notion d’activité. Des entretiens avec des MJPM et avec leur direction, puis des observations directes de temps d’échange MJPM-majeur protégé apportent un éclairage nouveau sur la mission de protection. La relation humaine sous ce cadre juridique et dans la confrontation à la vulnérabilité est privilégiée. La pratique des MJPM est traversée de trois axes qui se croisent : l’autorité de justice, la vulnérabilité et l’autonomie à favoriser telle que la Réforme de la protection du 5 mars 2007 l’a introduite dans son cadre législatif. Les débats de normes avec leurs valeurs centrales partent de ce point nodal pour le MJPM. En conséquence, cette recherche les fait ressortir tantôt comme contenu de réflexion, tantôt comme besoin de formation pour mieux remplir sa mission
Subsequent to court decision, authorized representatives (MJPMs) intervene in the lives of vulnerable adults ostensibly to ensure their protection. When contemplating statutory legislation and one-to-one interaction with vulnerable person/s, the central question is: How do MJPMs enact their perceived protection missions? Questions surround both debate and the choices proposed, and the strategies employed by authorized representatives when implementing the requisite protection policies. Professional practice investigates the notion of activity via a combination of ergology and language interaction. Interviews with MJPMs and their managers, and field observation of the interaction between MJPMs and protected adults elucidated the reality of the mission of protection. Priority is given to the human relationship institutionalized through a legal framework and confrontation with vulnerability. MJPM practices are crossed by three axes that have been identified and which intersect each other, i.e., the authority of the judiciary, vulnerability, and the self-autonomy of the protected person according to the legal reform of 5 March 2007. For the MJPM, debate surrounding the perceived norms, together with some main values, starts from this nodal point. The purpose of this study is not only to explicate and emphasize these values, but to underscore their value as training needs for the better fulfillment of the MJPMs’ mission

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Maouche, Mohamed. "Protection against re-identification attacks in location privacy". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI089.

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De nos jours, avec la large propagation de différents appareils mobiles, de nombreux capteurs accompagnent des utilisateurs. Ces capteurs peuvent servir à collecter des données de mobilité qui sont utiles pour des urbanistes ou des chercheurs. Cependant, l'exploitation de ces données soulèvent de nombreuses menaces quant à la préservation de la vie privée des utilisateurs. En effet, des informations sensibles tel que le lieu domicile, le lieu de travail ou même les croyances religieuses peuvent être inférées de ces données. Durant la dernière décennie, des mécanismes de protections appelées "Location Privacy Protection Mechanisms (LPPM)" ont été proposé. Ils imposent des guarenties sur les données (e.g., k-anonymity ou differential privacy), obfusquent les informations sensibles (e.g., efface les points d'intéret) ou sont une contre-mesure à des attaques particulières. Nous portons notre attention à la ré-identification qui est un risque précis lié à la préservation de la vie privée dans les données de mobilité. Il consiste en a un attaquant qui des lors qu'il reçoit une trace de mobilité anonymisée, il cherche à retrouver l'identifiant de son propriétaire en la rattachant à un passif de traces non-anonymisées des utilisateurs du système. Dans ce cadre, nous proposons tout d'abords des attaques de ré-identification AP-Attack et ILL-Attack servant à mettre en exergue les vulnérabilités des mécanismes de protections de l'état de l'art et de quantifier leur efficacité. Nous proposons aussi un nouveau mécanisme de protection HMC qui utilise des heat maps afin de guider la transformation du comportement d'un individu pour qu'il ne ressemble plus au soi du passée mais à un autre utilisateur, le préservant ainsi de la ré-identification. Cet modification de la trace de mobilité est contrainte par des mesures d'utilité des données afin de minimiser la qualité de service ou les conclusions que l'on peut tirer à l'aide de ces données
With the wide propagation of handheld devices, more and more mobile sensors are being used by end users on a daily basis. Those sensors could be leveraged to gather useful mobility data for city planners, business analysts and researches. However, gathering and exploiting mobility data raises many privacy threats. Sensitive information such as one’s home or workplace, hobbies, religious beliefs, political or sexual preferences can be inferred from the gathered data. In the last decade, Location Privacy Protection Mechanisms (LPPMs) have been proposed to protect user data privacy. They alter data mobility to enforce formal guarantees (e.g., k-anonymity or differential privacy), hide sensitive information (e.g., erase points of interests) or act as countermeasures for particular attacks. In this thesis, we focus on the threat of re-identification which aims at re-linking an anonymous mobility trace to the know past mobility of its user. First, we propose re-identification attacks (AP-Attack and ILL-Attack) that find vulnerabilities and stress current state-of-the-art LPPMs to quantify their effectiveness. We also propose a new protection mechanism HMC that uses heat maps to guide the transformation of mobility data to change the behaviour of a user, in order to make her look similar to someone else rather than her past self which preserves her from re-identification attacks. This alteration of mobility trace is constrained with the control of the utility of the data to minimize the distortion in the quality of the analysis realized on this data

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Spiassi, Ana Lúcia. "Violência como fator de vulnerabilidade para a saúde de mulheres usuárias de drogas do centro do município de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-08092016-094640/.

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Com este trabalho buscamos descrever situações de violências sofridas e perpetradas por mulheres usuárias de substâncias psicoativas que se encontram em situação de rua na região central de São Paulo e identificar a percepção destas mulheres em relação à violência que sofrem. Utilizamos uma metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa baseada em entrevistas com um roteiro semiestruturado, organizadas através do Programa NVivo11-Starter e analisadas pelo conteúdo produzido. Os principais temas trazidos nestes encontros foram: infância, chegada na cena de uso de substância psicoativa da região central, vivência com outros atores do local (profissionais da saúde, forças de segurança, parceiros sexuais e afetivos, agentes do tráfico de drogas), avaliação sobre a especificidade da presença feminina naquele ambiente e expectativas. Todas as mulheres que entrevistamos foram e/ou são expostas à violência de parceiro íntimo, das forças policiais, da segurança do tráfico, dos homens usuários de drogas que coexistem na cena aberta de uso na região da Luz e não acessam serviços e ferramentas de proteção disponíveis contra violência de gênero disponíveis na cidade
This study sought to describe situations of violence suffered and perpetrated by homeless women users of psychoactive substances in downtown area of São Paulo and identify the perception of these women in relation to violence suffering. For this purpose used a qualitative research methodology based on interviews with a semi-structured guide, organized by NVivo11-Starter program and analyzed the content of reasoning produced. The main themes brought these meetings were childhood arrival in drug use scene, experience with other local actors (health professionals, security forces, sexual and affective partners, drug trafficking agents), evaluation of the specificity female\'s presence in the social environment and their expectations. All the women we interviewed were and / or are a victim of intimate partner violence, police, traffic safety, drug users men who coexist in the drugs open site of Luz district and do not access services and security tools available against gender violence in the city. The wealth of the stories brought by the women, with the challenges they face and the impact they may have on the health care offered to this women\'s group of women, indicate the need to analyze important aspects this study from a research base that is statistically 5 relevant to extend the knowledge and the ability to act for the improvement of the care offered

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Coulomb, Laureline. "Entre négociations et malentendus : l'interaction entre soignants et soignés sans-domicile". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG008/document.

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Les personnes sans-domicile présentent de manière générale un état de santé dégradé et leur espérance de vie est de loin inférieure à celle de la population logée. Leurs interactions avec les soignants sont traversées de nombreux malentendus qui portent sur leurs rapports au corps, à la santé et au temps. La relation de soin est ainsi problématique et risque de déboucher sur des conflits que chacun tente pourtant d’éviter via des processus de négociation. Notre recherche développe ce paradoxe : alors que les négociations cherchent à pallier les difficultés créées par les nombreux malentendus entre soignants et soignés sans-domicile, le compromis qu’ils mettent au point consiste précisément à maintenir ces malentendus. Notre thèse conjugue une approche compréhensive et interactionniste. Elle se fonde sur un travail de terrain par observations et entretiens, menés à la fois avec des soignants et des soignés sans-domicile
Homeless people commonly have poor health status and their life expectancy is much shorter than the general population. Their interaction with healthcare professionals is characterised by various misunderstandings, which deal with the different relationships that these actors have with body, health and time. Their interaction is thus problematic and may lead to conflict. However, they are both trying to avoid conflict through negotiation. The aim of this thesis is to develop this paradox: while those negotiations try to prevent the difficulties created by their misunderstandings, the compromise they build consists precisely in maintaining those misunderstandings. This thesis uses a comprehensive and interactionist approach. It is grounded on data collected through observations and interviews held with both homeless people and healthcare workers

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Moraes, Carlos Eduardo Guerra de. "A Teoria da assunção do risco e a prática esportiva, análise à luz do direito civil-constitucional". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4295.

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O presente trabalho analisa a teoria da assunção do risco, que se originou no Direito francês com influência do commow Law, aplicável na atividade desportiva à luz dos princípios e valores do Direito Civil-Constitucional. O risco é estudado a partir dos conceitos de liberdade e dignidade, demonstrando que a liberdade não é absoluta, limitada pela dignidade. Nesta acepção, surge o risco, inerente à natureza humana, que é fruto da liberdade, portanto, também, pela dignidade. Na atividade desportiva, o risco é inseparável, o atleta na busca pela superação o assume naturalmente. Assim, a teoria da assunção do risco só se legitima, se presentes o respeito aos valores e princípios constitucionais, principalmente, a dignidade e aceitabilidade social, fatores vitais no estudo dos danos causados na prática desportiva. Por fim, se legítima a aceitação do risco, haverá exclusão do nexo causal.
This study analyzes the theory assumption of risk, which originated in French law with influence of commow law, applicable in the sporting activity base of the principles and values of the civil law-Constitutional. The risk is studied based on the concepts of freedom and dignity, showing that freedom is not absolute, limited dignity. In sports, as the risk is inseparable from the athlete in the pursuit of overcoming the naturally assume.

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Lachal, Doriane. "La protection internationale des personnes vulnérables déplacées". Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA111011.

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La communauté internationale considère certaines personnes déplacées comme étant des migrants irréguliers. Cette étude démontre le caractère contraint du départ pour trois catégories de personnes, à savoir les personnes fuyant les conséquences aveugles d’un conflit armé international ou non international, les personnes fuyant les catastrophes environnementales de causes anthropiques ou naturelles et les personnes fuyant une situation économique ou sociale désastreuse. L’approche catégorielle classique du droit international public ne permet pas de garantir une protection à ces personnes. Aucun statut particulier ne leur étant attribué, ces personnes se trouvent dans une situation de vulnérabilité. De quelle manière est-il alors possible d’assurer une protection effective à ces personnes vulnérables déplacées ? Actuellement, la plupart des Etats s’inscrivent dans une démarche sécuritaire, contrôlant strictement la gestion des flux migratoires et appliquant peu ou prou les instruments juridiques internationaux protecteurs. Une complémentarité des différents régimes juridiques (droit international des réfugiés, droit international humanitaire, droit international des droits de l’homme) est par conséquent nécessaire et une interprétation extensive des textes existants est recommandée. Pour pallier les insuffisances du droit positif, le recours à la notion de vulnérabilité, transversale à ces diverses situations, est invoqué, permettant ainsi de dépasser l’approche catégorielle classique. Pas encore reconnue comme une source du droit international, la notion est devenue, depuis quelques années, incontournable sur la scène internationale. Elle apparaît ponctuellement dans les textes conventionnels et est fréquemment utilisée dans les instruments de droit mou. Prise en compte progressivement par les jurisprudences internationales et régionales, mais aussi par la doctrine, elle figure allègrement dans le discours des organisations humanitaires et des médias. Le développement de la notion de vulnérabilité en droit mou, précisément en des lignes directrices garantirait une meilleure protection des personnes déplacées vulnérables permettant de prévenir le déplacement, d’octroyer un statut temporaire ou définitif ou encore de fournir des conditions d’accueil dignes dans les Etats ou les régions hôtes. Ces lignes directrices servant de guide aux Etats laissent envisager par la suite l’adoption de règles contraignantes protectrices de ces personnes déplacées. La distinction entre personnes vulnérables déplacées et personnes particulièrement vulnérables doit également être prise en compte à ce stade. De surcroît, il convient d’engager la responsabilité des auteurs ayant contribué au déplacement contraint ou ayant commis des exactions sur ces personnes déplacées devant des instances judiciaires internationales, régionales ou encore nationales pour lutter contre l’impunité. En conséquence, une réparation juste pour le préjudice subi doit être garantie à ces personnes
The international community considers some displaced persons as irregular migrants. This study demonstrates that the departure is undeniably forced concerning three groups of people : the persons fleeing blind violence and the collateral effects of an international or non international armed conflict, the persons fleeing man-made or natural environmental disasters, and the persons fleeing difficult economical or social situations. The classical approach of public international law based on distinct categories does not guarantee effective protection to these persons. As no particular international status is given to these persons, they are in a situation of vulnerability. In which way an effective protection could be a guarantee to these vulnerable displaced persons? Currently, most of the States defend a safe approach, strictly controlling the management of migration flows and applying more or less protective international legal instruments. Complementarity of different legal systems (international refugee law, international humanitarian law, international law of human rights) is therefore necessary and a broad interpretation of existing texts is recommended. To overcome the shortcomings of positive law, the use of the concept of vulnerability, crossing different situations, is invoked, in order to exceed the traditional categorical approach. Not yet recognised as a source of international law, the term “vulnerability” has become an essential notion on the international scene in recent years. It appears occasionally in conventional instruments and is frequently used in soft law. It has been gradually developed through the international and regional jurisprudence and also by the doctrine. The discourse of humanitarian organizations and the media often refers to the notion. The development of the concept of vulnerability in soft law, specifically in the shape of guidelines would ensure a better protection of vulnerable displaced persons. In this regard, guidelines could prevent people fleeing, grant a temporary or a permanent status and provide dignified reception conditions in the host States or regions. This instrument of soft law would be used as a guide for States subsequent to the adoption of protective binding rules. The distinction between vulnerable displaced persons and particularly vulnerable persons has to be taken into account at this stage. Furthermore, the responsibility of the authors who have contributed to the forced displacement or who have committed atrocities against the displaced persons should be brought before the international, regional or national judicial authorities, in order to fight against impunity. Consequently, a fair compensation for the damage suffered must be guaranteed to these persons

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Chen, Jun-Gu, i 陳俊谷. "A Study of The Threat and Vulnerability Items for Risk Evaluation of Personal Information Files". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67d2y2.

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碩士
淡江大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
103
This study would explore the risk evaluation integration of information security and personal information files, and then explore the threat and vulnerability items for risk evaluation of personal information files. This study collected the threat and vulnerability items for information asset risk evaluation by literature analysis method. Through the expert interview and options collection for integration of information security and personal information files, and the suggestion of the threat and vulnerability items for personal information files risk evaluation, the result shows that enterprise should integrate the information security risk evaluation and personal information file risk evaluation to reduce the effort. If companies implement the “Personal Data Protection Reference Guide", the findings recommend to practice with detail risk evaluation method. This study also organized 38 threat and vulnerability items to reduce the loading of personal information file risk evaluation and to support the integration of risk evaluation for information security and personal information files.

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Nzhinga, Rendani Kenneth. "Strategies in managing financial risk vulnerability among South African households". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23216.

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Various studies have found that South Africa’s high unemployment rate contributes to poverty, inequality, crime and ill-health. Furthermore, South African low to middle-income households are characterised by a high debt to income ratio which contributes to low or negative savings rates. This has left many households vulnerable to financials risk and shocks. This research examined how households with low-income or no income manage to cope on a daily basis. The research adopted an auto ethnography method. During the initial phase of the fieldwork the researcher observed participants over a period of more than a year in the provinces of Limpopo and Gauteng, this was followed by in-depth interviews with households selected using purposive and snowballing sampling. The results revealed that the most common coping strategies used by participants’ to deal with financial risks and shocks are borrowing from peers (family, friends and neighbours) and high-risk lenders i.e. mashonisas and accessing social support networks. Other strategies employed included pawning and selling of assets as well as employers’ loans. It was interesting to note that unlike studies in other countries, skipping meals were not a common coping strategy, and this could mainly be ascribed to the social support networks (Ubuntu) that were found in the communities studied. Future research is recommended on the impact of family financial obligations on households’ financial well-being.
Taxation
M. Phil. (Accounting Sciences)

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36

De, Clercq Bernadene. "Analysing the predictors of financial vulnerability of the consumer market microstructure in SouthAfrica". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13537.

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This study aimed to develop a causal chain that illustrates the path through which a variety of factors influence consumer financial vulnerability. In order to achieve the stated aim, it was necessary to firstly identify the factors that gave rise to consumers being financially vulnerable. Secondly, the nature of the causal chain between the identified factors was determined. Thirdly, the causes of consumer financial vulnerability according to key informants in the financial services industry were determined. Finally, based on the results of the first three stages, possible explanations for consumer financial vulnerability were provided. Before the construction of the causal chain could be explored, a theoretical framework regarding household financial position as well as financial attitudes and behaviours was provided. The theoretical framework was supported by a description of the linkages through which consumers function and transact in an economy by applying chain reasoning. The chain reasoning was extended by providing financial statements reflecting the results of consumers’ interactions in the macroeconomy with an extract from the national accounts of South Africa presenting the income statements, balance sheets and relevant financial ratios of consumers for the period in which the research was conducted (2008 to 2009). For this study, the explanatory sequential mixed methods design was deemed appropriate to achieve the proposed research objectives. The research process firstly consisted of a quantitative strand where the possible causes for consumer financial vulnerability were identified after which the results were validated with data obtained in the second phase by means of four focus group discussions. To determine the factors giving rise to and establish the causal chain of overall consumer financial vulnerability, regression analysis was conducted. Based on the results of the regression analysis, it became evident that the financial vulnerability chain is not a singular linear process but rather a non-linear process (with contemporaneous and singular linkages) with a variety of factors influencing financial vulnerability, but also influencing each other over time.
Management Accounting
D. Accounting Science

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37

Jansen, van Rensburg Shandre Kim. "The human in information security : an analysis of social engineering attacks in the greater Tshwane area of Gauteng, South Africa". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22646.

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Silva, Ana Gabriela Azevedo da Costa e. "História de vida de ser Sem-Abrigo". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/6017.

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O fenómeno Sem-Abrigo encontra-se fortemente associado à situação económica emergente no século XXI. Esta realidade está extremamente presente nos grandes centros urbanos. E curiosamente nos locais onde se encontra a maior parte da comunidade, é onde contraditoriamente esta população experimenta mais o vazio e asolidão. O nosso objetivo passa então por conhecer e analisar as vivências de participantes Sem-Abrigo, decorrentes do seu percurso de vida até ao momento, bem como as suas expetativas relativamente ao futuro. O presente trabalho é constituído por um enquadramento teórico e um estudo empírico, envolvendo a população Sem-Abrigo albergada na Associação dos Albergues Nocturnos do Porto (AANP). Na parte teórica do trabalho abordamos a complexidade e pluridimensionalidade do fenómeno Sem-Abrigo. No estudo empírico demos voz uma amostra de 8 participantes Sem-Abrigo da AANP. A recolha de dados foi assegurada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de um questionário sociodemográfico. A análise dos resultados foi realizada com recurso à análise de conteúdo, seguindo os princípios da Grounded Analysis. Concluímos com a realização deste estudo que é possível traçar várias trajetórias e vários perfis Sem-Abrigo e face às entrevistas realizadas verificamos que mais do que a desvinculação ao sistema do trabalho, e apesar da existência de percursos adaptativos anteriores referidos pelos participantes, o que é facto é que as sucessivas perdas e ruturas e consequente desorganização pessoal presentes nos discursos dos mesmos, acaba por se evidenciar na vulnerabilidade etambém no consumo de substâncias, determinantes na forma de vida de Sem-Abrigo.
The Homeless phenomenon is strongly associated with the emerging economic situation in the 21st century. This reality is extremely widespread in large urban centers. Curiously, in the places where most of the community lives, this population contradictorily experiences more emptiness and solitude. In this sense, our goal is to identify and analyze the experiences of the Homeless participants, deriving from their life course up to the present, as well as their expectations regarding the future. The present work consists of a theoretical framework and an empirical study, which involves the Homeless population housed in the Associação dos Albergues Nocturnos do Porto (Association of Night Hostels of Porto – AANP). In the theoretical part of the work, we address the complexity and multidimensionality of the Homeless phenomenon. In the empirical study, we gave voice to a sample of 8 Homeless AANP participants. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The analysis of the results was carried out using content analysis, following the principles of Grounded Analysis. Through this study, we concluded that it is possible to trace several Homeless trajectories and profiles and, in face of the interviews conducted, we concluded that, beyond leaving the work system, and despite the existence of previous adaptive paths mentioned by the participants, the successive losses, ruptures and consequent personal disorganization present in their discourses turn out to be evident in their vulnerability and substance abuse, which are extremely common in their way of life.

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MacFarlane, L. C. (Linda Carol). "Resilience therapy : a group intervention programme to promote the psychological wellness of adolescents at risk". Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17281.

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This study focuses on the feasibility of inculcating resilience skills in adolescents using the forum of group therapy. Resilience equals the ability to surmount life's obstacles and continue towards self-actualisation, regardless. The study was initiated by the writer's masters thesis, which delineated the profile and characteristics of resilient adolescents. The writer believed that an intervention programme to effect resilience was overdue. Adolescents were generally afforded therapy re-actively. If intervention was to be an exercise in wellness, rather than in repair, a pro-active intervention programme targeting resilience had to be designed. This study focuses on the provision of such a programme. The intervention programme is semi-structured and spans twelve one hour sessions. The intervention programme specifically targets adolescents, given the amplified vulnerability associated with this developmental phase. Should resilience be sabotaged during this phase of life, the repercussions are thought to be lasting. Group therapy was chosen as the forum for intervention, given its suitability to adolescents. Adolescents are peer-group-minded, suggesting that therapeutic intervention by means of group work, would be ideal, if competently lead. The personal attributes impacting on the ability to surmount life's challenges are targeted as an interrelated whole by the group therapy intervention programme involving an experimental group of six adolescents, who appear to have turned their backs on self- actualisation. A control group, which receives no intervention, provides a contrasting profile. The study aims to provide educational psychologists with an intervention programme and an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon of resilience, so that vulnerable youngsters might ultimately be therapeutically assisted to choose a more resilient attitude and behaviour. The results of the study suggest the feasibility of inculcating resilience skills. Four of the six group members in the experimental group show marked improvement. Of the remaining two members, one shows some amelioration of vulnerability. Furthermore, results suggest that personal choice underlies resilience, implying that resilience can be coached. Additionally, it would seem that schools can play a leading role in this coaching by facilitating intervention groups.
Psychology of Education
D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

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Madziakapita, Anele. "An evaluation of the impact of food aid on food security: the case of Ngabu area in Malawi". Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1623.

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The study focused on an evaluation of the impact of food aid on food security in the area of Ngabu in the southern part of Malawi. An evaluation was needed to find out whether the food aid approach to food insecurity was the one best suited to Ngabu and whether the government's approach had produced the intended results. This study showed that food aid, when timely used, has helped to raise the dietary status and nutrition and consumption of many households in Ngabu in times of natural disaster. Food aid, however, has had a negative impact on food security by creating laziness, food aid dependency and low food production since the source of food it offers is easier to come by than that by production. The impact of food aid on the markets of Ngabu, however, has been minimal.
Development Studies
M.Admin. (Development Studies)

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Van, Rensburg Kim Shandre Jansen. "The human element in information security : an analysis of social engineering attacks in the greater Tshwane area of Gauteng, South Africa". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22681.

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Bulwer, Miranda. "Treatment development in problem and pathological gambling". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1092.

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This study is an exploration, through ethnographic and auto-ethnographic inquiry, of the personal world, gambling experiences and underlying biopsychosocial vulnerabilities of three individual case studies - one male and two females - each representing a different sub-type of pathological gambler. It comprises the integration and implementation of a psycho-structural stage matching model to explore comorbidity and identify certain biopsychosocial manifestations in the respective stages of pathological gambling. Long term treatment strategies were identified and patient treatment matching was explored. Further, it comprises my personal relationship and therapeutic treatment of these sub-types of gamblers over a period of one year and longer. In this study it is hypothesized that formulating appropriate matching long term treatment strategies should be based on the stage of change, the phase in the psycho-structural model, as well as the gambler's underlying vulnerability. From this a comprehensive gambling disposition profile can be completed with proper intervention matching approaches. A number of other hypotheses emerged from this study that could provide valuable information and serve as a guideline to those working with pathological gamblers.
Psychology
D.Phil.

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Rodrigues, Maria de Fátima Marques. "Acolher a vulnerabilidade : reflexão antropológica e ética sobre o voluntariado no âmbito dos Leigos para o Desenvolvimento". Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/14059.

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O trabalho pretende perceber de que forma os Leigos para o Desenvolvimento acolhem a vulnerabilidade, no âmbito dos projetos que vêm desenvolvendo, em termos de voluntariado. É possível verificar a convergência de fatores diversos que fazem do voluntariado, realizado pelos Leigos para o Desenvolvimento, uma aposta numa nova esperança, onde a responsabilidade pelo outro é assumida com o outro: o voluntariado é aqui entendido, na linha de E. Lévinas (e outros autores), como resposta à fragilidade do outro que me interpela na sua nudez e não tanto como iniciativa generosa do eu. Acolher o outro na sua vulnerabilidade tem em conta os contributos do Concílio Vaticano II que colocou o papel do leigo na Igreja e no mundo, no âmbito de uma eclesiologia de comunhão. Por outro lado, o respeito devido a cada pessoa, preconizado pelo documento Vida em Missão, no âmbito de cada projeto desenvolvido, anda muito próximo das mais recentes perspetivas da Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento. Dada a vulnerabilidade do ser humano face ao futuro, os Leigos para o Desenvolvimento, assumem-se, na entrega ao outro sem reservas, como responsáveis pelo outro, no sentido de construírem com ele as condições necessárias à sobrevivência harmoniosa da humanidade sobre a terra.
This work intends to understand the way the Laypeople for Development accept vulnerability, in the projects they have developed, in terms of volunteering. It is possible to attest to the convergence of diverse factors that make the volunteering carried out by the Laypeople for Development a pledge for a new hope, where the responsibility for the other is taken on with the other: volunteering is understood, in the line of thinking of E. Lévinas (and other authors), as an answer to the fragility of the other that questions me in his nudity and not so much as the generous initiative of one’s self. Welcoming the other in his vulnerability takes into account the contributions of the Second Vatican Council that placed the role of the layperson in the Church and in the world within an ecclesiology of communion. On the other hand, the respect due to each person, advocated by the document Vida em Missão, as part of each project developed, is very close to the most recent prospects of the Cooperation for Development. Because of the human being´s vulnerability to tackle the future, the Laypeople for Development undertake the commitment of giving themselves totally to the other, being responsible for the other, in the sense of creating with him the necessary conditions for the harmonious survival of humanity on earth.

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Dolezalek, Katharina. "Equal yet different : why should beneficiaries of subsidiary protection have the same rights as refugees? : a comparative study between Canada, Germany, Hungary, and the EU". Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21351.

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Ferraz, Ana Beatriz dos Santos. "O crime de tráfico de pessoas : as insuficiências do artigo 160º do Código Penal à luz do atual contexto social". Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31214.

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A presente dissertação surge com o intuito de analisar o tipo legal do crime de tráfico de pessoas e questionar alguns dos seus aspetos. Numa sociedade global e em constante mudança e atualização, cremos ser relevante estudar de que modo a disposição constante do art. 160º do CP está à altura das necessidades atuais. Sendo inegável o amplo contributo que a internet e as redes sociais trouxeram, estes meios informáticos de comunicação foram também benéficos para a prática do crime. Trataremos de analisar de que modo estes meios podem ser utilizados no tráfico de pessoas e qual o enquadramento de tais atos no ordenamento jurídico. Considerando que a vítima tem vindo a assumir um papel mais preponderante no Direito penal, o nosso estudo incluirá ainda uma reflexão acerca da condição de “especial vulnerabilidade da vítima”, o valor do consentimento da mesma no seu tráfico e exploração e, por fim, o princípio da não punição pelos atos cometidos pela vítima por causa do seu estatuto.
The following dissertation’s intention is to analyze trafficking in persons’ legal type and to question some of it’s aspects. In a global society in constant change and update, we believe in the relevance of the study on how the legal text of the article 160º from the Portuguese Penal Code is dealing with the current needs. Even though the internet and social media have brought many benefits, they were also benefitial for crime practise. We will analyze the way that these means can be used in trafficking in persons and the legal framework of such actions in the legal scenario. Considering the dominant role that the victim has been assuming inside the criminal law, our study will also include a reflection on the “victim’s condition of vulnerability”, the value of the consent in his/hers trafficking and exploitation and the principle of non-punishment for acts commited as a victim.

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Stasko, Carly. "A Pedagogy of Holistic Media Literacy: Reflections on Culture Jamming as Transformative Learning and Healing". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18109.

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This qualitative study uses narrative inquiry (Connelly & Clandinin, 1988, 1990, 2001) and self-study to investigate ways to further understand and facilitate the integration of holistic philosophies of education with media literacy pedagogies. As founder and director of the Youth Media Literacy Project and a self-titled Imagitator (one who agitates imagination), I have spent over 10 years teaching media literacy in various high schools, universities, and community centres across North America. This study will focus on my own personal practical knowledge (Connelly & Clandinin, 1982) as a culture jammer, educator and cancer survivor to illustrate my original vision of a ‘holistic media literacy pedagogy’. This research reflects on the emergence and impact of holistic media literacy in my personal and professional life and also draws from relevant interdisciplinary literature to challenge and synthesize current insights and theories of media literacy, holistic education and culture jamming.

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