Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Pediatric”
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Ly, Annie, i Terry Church. "95347 Examining the Impact of the BPCA: Promoting Pediatric Inclusion in Clinical Trials and Pediatric-Specific Drug Information". Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (marzec 2021): 106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.673.
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ABSTRACT IMPACT: It provides insight in the relationship between pediatrics and clinical research and how pediatric participation in CT translates to clinical significance in form of drug labels, which inform clinicians on how to prescribe pediatric medications. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Assessing the extent that the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act (BPCA) advances pediatric inclusion in clinical trials (CTs) and the availability of pediatric-specific drug information METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The BPCA provides the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authority to solicit sponsors whose drugs may benefit pediatric populations. Participation is voluntary and provides additional market exclusivity and pediatric information. CTs that received marketing exclusivity from 2016-2018 under BPCA were reviewed using Clinicaltrials.gov to access the legislation’s impact. CTs were categorized according to eligibility: (1) pediatric and adult groups, (2) pediatrics, and (3) pediatric sub-groups. Studies were excluded for ambiguous age data. Studies open to both groups were evaluated for pediatric participation. Each drug was searched in DailyMed.com for published pediatric indications. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Between 2016 - 2018, 22 drugs received marketing exclusivity under BPCA. Of the 196 CTs conducted for these drugs, 135 were available to adults and pediatrics, 10 were available to the entire pediatric population, and 51 were available to specific pediatric sub-populations. Exclusion criteria permitted only 118 of the CTs for assessment where eligibility included both pediatric and adult populations, of which 65 of these had less than 1% pediatric representation. Of the 22 drugs, 20 have pediatric indications. Over this three-year period, the number of CTs where adults and pediatrics were eligible were greater than CTs for pediatric only or pediatric subpopulations. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: It is prevalent for BPCA compliant CTs to include both; 65% of drugs (13/20) with pediatric indications had more studies involving both groups than only pediatrics. Adequate pediatric CT representation is necessary for developing pediatric drug labeling with meaningful data for clinical indications.
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STRAIN, JAMES E. "In Reply: `Ivory Tower' Fellowship Statement Challenged". Pediatrics 88, nr 3 (1.09.1991): 660–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.88.3.660a.
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I would like to respond to Dr Newhart's question about who authored the Statement on Pediatric Fellowship Training. It was written by the Federation of Pediatric Organizations and approved by the Executive Committees/ Boards of each of the organizations represented on the Federation. These include the Ambulatory Pediatric Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Board of Pediatrics, the American Pediatric Society, the Association of Medical School Pediatric Department Chairmen, the Association of Pediatric Program Directors, and the Society for Pediatric Research.
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Tcvetkova, M. M. "The formation and development of pediatrics and pediatric education in Primorye". Pacific Medical Journal, nr 4 (5.01.2022): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34215/1609-1175-2021-4-5-9.
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The article presents historical information about the development of pediatrics and pediatric education in Primorsky Region. It started from the establishment of the pediatric faculty of the Vladivostok Medical Institute in 1969 to the present day. Main directions of scientific and pedagogical activities of pediatric profile departments are highlighted. The departments were reorganized in 2016 into the Institute of Pediatrics; departments of normal and pathological physiology, pathological anatomy, and foreign languages. The article also indicates those people who were at the origins of pediatrics and pediatric education in Primorye.
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Bhatt-Mehta, Varsha, Marcia L. Buck, Allison M. Chung, Elizabeth Anne Farrington, Tracy M. Hagemann, David S. Hoff, Joseph M. LaRochelle i in. "Recommendations for Meeting the Pediatric Patient's Need for a Clinical Pharmacist: A Joint Opinion of the Pediatrics Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy and the Pediatric Pharmacy Advocacy Group". Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 17, nr 3 (1.12.2012): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-17.3.281.
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Children warrant access to care from clinical pharmacists trained in pediatrics. The American College of Clinical Pharmacy Pediatrics Practice and Research Network (ACCP Pediatrics PRN) released an opinion paper in 2005 with recommendations for improving the quality and quantity of pediatric pharmacy education in colleges of pharmacy, residency programs, and fellowships. While progress has been made in increasing the availability of pediatric residencies, there is still much to be done to meet the direct care needs of pediatric patients. The purpose of this Joint Opinion paper is to outline strategies and recommendations for expanding the quality and capacity of pediatric clinical pharmacy practitioners by 1) elevating the minimum expectations for pharmacists entering practice to provide pediatric care; 2) standardizing pediatric pharmacy education; 3) expanding the current number of pediatric clinical pharmacists; and 4) creating an infrastructure for development of pediatric clinical pharmacists and clinical scientists. These recommendations may be used to provide both a conceptual framework and action items for schools of pharmacy, health care systems, and policymakers to work together to increase the quality and quantity of pediatric training, practice, or research initiatives.
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AYHAN, Yunus Emre, Cüneyd ENVER, Betül OKUYAN, Perran BORAN i Mesut SANCAR. "Investigation of Medications Without Pediatric Dosage Forms Used in General Pediatric Service: A Descriptive Study". Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics 32, nr 1 (2023): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/pediatr.2022-92519.
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Li, Marilyn, M. Douglas Baker i Leland J. Ropp. "Pediatric Emergency Medicine: A Developing Subspecialty". Pediatrics 84, nr 2 (1.08.1989): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.84.2.336.
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Questionnaires were sent to 245 North American institutions with pediatric residency programs. There was a 69% response rate. Pediatric emergency care is provided in three types of facilities: emergency departments in pediatric hospitals, separate pediatric emergency departments or combined pediatric and adult emergency departments, in multidisciplinary hospitals. There are at least 262 pediatricians practicing full-time pediatric emergency medicine. The majority work in pediatric emergency departments, an average of 30.7 clinical hours per week. There are 27 pediatric emergency medicine programs with 46 fellows in training and 117 full-time positions available for emergency pediatricians throughout North America. Varying qualifications for these positions include board eligibility in pediatrics, certification in Basic Life Support or Advanced Trauma Life Support, and a fellowship in pediatric emergency medicine. The demonstrated need for pediatricians, preferably trained in emergency care, clearly indicates that pediatric emergency medicine is a rapidly developing subspecialty of Pediatrics that will be an attractive career choice for future pediatricians.
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Robertson, W. J. "Pediatric anesthesiology, as in pediatrics". Journal of Pediatrics 110, nr 6 (czerwiec 1987): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80439-0.
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Abdulla, Ra-id. "Pediatric Cardiology: Pediatrics or Cardiology?" Pediatric Cardiology 27, nr 5 (25.09.2006): 531–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00246-006-8751-x.
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Rogers, Mark C., i Frank A. Oski. "Pediatric anesthesiology, as in pediatrics". Journal of Pediatrics 109, nr 4 (październik 1986): 650–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80230-x.
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Gentles, Thomas L. "Pediatric Cardiology: Requisites in Pediatrics". Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 43, nr 3 (marzec 2007): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01048.x.
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Hansen, Daniel, Aditya Vedantam, Valentina Briceño, Sandi K. Lam, Thomas G. Luerssen i Andrew Jea. "Health-related quality of life outcomes and level of evidence in pediatric neurosurgery". Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 18, nr 4 (październik 2016): 480–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.3.peds15641.
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OBJECTIVE The emphasis on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes is increasing, along with an emphasis on evidence-based medicine. However, there is a notable paucity of validated HRQOL instruments for the pediatric population. Furthermore, no standardization or consensus currently exists concerning which HRQOL outcome measures ought to be used in pediatric neurosurgery. The authors wished to identify HRQOL outcomes used in pediatric neurosurgery research over the past 10 years, their frequency, and usage trends. METHODS Three top pediatric neurosurgical journals were reviewed for the decade from 2005 to 2014 for clinical studies of pediatric neurosurgical procedures that report HRQOL outcomes. Similar studies in the peer-reviewed journal Pediatrics were also used as a benchmark. Publication year, level of evidence, and HRQOL outcomes were collected for each article. RESULTS A total of 31 HRQOL studies were published in the pediatric neurosurgical literature over the study period. By comparison, there were 55 such articles in Pediatrics. The number of publications using HRQOL instruments showed a significant positive trend over time for Pediatrics (B = 0.62, p = 0.02) but did not increase significantly over time for the 3 neurosurgical journals (B = 0.12, p = 0.5). The authors identified a total of 46 different HRQOL instruments used across all journals. Within the neurosurgical journals, the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ) (24%) was the most frequently used, followed by the Health Utilities Index (HUI) (16%), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) (12%), and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) (12%). Of the 55 articles identified in Pediatrics, 22 (40%) used a version of the PedsQL. No neurosurgical study reached above Level 4 on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) system. However, multiple studies from Pediatrics achieved OCEBM Level 3, several were categorized as Level 2, and one reached Level 1. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of studies using HRQOL outcomes in pediatric neurosurgical research has not increased over the past 10 years. Within pediatric neurosurgery, high-quality studies and standardization are lacking, as compared with contemporary studies in Pediatrics. In general, although the HOQ, HUI, PedsQL, and SF-36 instruments are emerging as standards in pediatric neurosurgery, even greater standardization across the specialty is needed, along with the design and implementation of more rigorous studies.
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Aldana, Philipp R., i Paul Steinbok. "Prioritizing neurosurgical education for pediatricians: results of a survey of pediatric neurosurgeons". Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 4, nr 4 (październik 2009): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.4.peds0945.
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Object Pediatricians play a vital role in the diagnosis and initial treatment of children with pediatric neurosurgical disease. Exposure of pediatrics residents to neurosurgical diseases during training is inconsistent and is usually quite limited. After residency, opportunities for pediatricians' education on neurosurgical topics are few and fall mainly on pediatric neurosurgeons. The American Association of Neurological Surgery/Congress of Neurological Surgeons Joint Section on Pediatric Neurological Surgery Committee on Education undertook a survey of practicing pediatric neurosurgeons to determine whether focused education of practicing pediatricians might lead to better patient outcomes for children with a sampling of common pediatric neurosurgical conditions. Methods An Internet-based 40-item survey was administered to practicing pediatric neurosurgeons from the US and Canada identified from the roster of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons/Congress of Neurological Surgeons Joint Section of Pediatric Neurological Surgery. Survey topics included craniosynostosis and plagiocephaly, occult spinal dysraphism and tethered cord, hydrocephalus and endoscopic third ventriculostomy, Chiari malformation Type I, mild or minor head injury, spastic cerebral palsy, and brain tumors. Most questions pertained to diagnosis, initial medical treatment, and referral. Results One hundred three (38%) of the 273 practicing pediatric neurosurgeons completed the survey. Two-thirds of the respondents had completed a pediatric neurosurgery fellowship, and two-thirds were in academic practice. Eighty-two percent of the respondents agreed that the care of pediatric neurosurgical patients could be improved with further education of pediatricians. In the opinion of the respondents, the 3 disease topics in greatest need of educational effort were craniosynostosis and plagiocephaly, occult spinal dysraphism and tethered cord, and hydrocephalus. Head injury and spasticity were given the lowest priorities. Conclusions This survey identified what practicing pediatric neurosurgeons perceive to be the most important knowledge deficits of their colleagues in pediatrics. These perceptions may not necessarily be congruent with the perceptions of practicing pediatricians themselves; nevertheless, the data from this survey may serve to inform conversations between neurosurgeons and planners of continuing medical education for pediatricians, pediatrics residency program directors, and medical school pediatrics faculty.
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Dubovaya, A. V., M. P. Limarenko i E. V. Bordyugova. "Information and educational environment as a means of developing competences in residency in the pediatrics and pediatric cardiology". Professional education in the modern world 13, nr 2 (10.08.2023): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2023-2-10.
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Introduction. At present, in connection with the development of new state educational standards in the system of higher medical education of the Donetsk People»s Republic, including at the postgraduate level, a competency-based approach is being widely introduced. Purpose setting. To familiarize teachers with the peculiarities of mastering competencies in residency in the specialties «Pediatrics» and «Pediatric Cardiology» at the Department of Pediatrics no. 3 of the Faculty of Internship and Postgraduate Education of the Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky using remote technologies. Methodology and methods of the study. At the Department of Pediatrics no. 3, postgraduate training programs have been developed, including for the training of highly qualified personnel in residency in the specialties «Pediatrics» and «Pediatric Cardiology». The purpose of the residency is to train a qualified pediatrician or pediatric cardiologist who has a system of theoretical knowledge and professional competencies, capable and ready for independent professional activity, using modern scientific and technological achievements in the diagnosis and treatment of major diseases in children and adolescents. Results. Teachers of the Department of Pediatrics no. 3 have created selfstudy courses for pediatric residents and pediatric cardiologists on the university»s remote website. Each course contains general information, lectures and materials to prepare for practical exercises. The use of the information and educational environment stimulated the independent purposeful work of a pediatric intern or a pediatric cardiologist intern to form knowledge and further master all the competencies necessary for successful professional activity. Conclusion. The effectiveness of distance learning depends on the methodologically competently structured by the teacher of the educational process and the information and communication capabilities of the higher education institution.
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GERSH, MARVIN J. "Overpsychologized". Pediatrics 75, nr 2 (1.02.1985): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.75.2.372.
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To the Editor.— Cohen's article on the Society for Behavioral Pediatrics1 affords me a long-awaited opportunity to offer some personal comments on behavioral pediatrics. I am in the twilight of a pediatric career (these comments could hasten the night) and my long association with and the mutual respect I share with Cohen and the others involved, allows me to express another point of view without being labeled "hostile." The editor may find my remarks tangential to Cohen's article, but nevertheless, I believe they are relevant to the future of behavioral science in pediatrics.
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Cao, Yanan, i Hui Zhu. "Research on Digital Information System Construction and Intelligent Management of Clinical Pediatric Nursing in Hospital". Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 10, nr 4 (1.04.2020): 898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2020.2951.
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The paper uses the prototype method and modular design idea to modularize the pediatric nursing information management system, program with Visual FoxPro5.0, and test the clinical pediatric nursing information system. The system optimizes the pediatric nursing process, improves the efficiency of medical staff, and greatly reduces the problems of medical records loss, errors, and supervision. After the pediatrics run this information management system, the leaders can grasp the indicators of the quantity, quality, efficiency, efficiency and management of each group, which is conducive to strengthening the management of pediatrics and guiding the healthy development of pediatrics. Through the assessment and evaluation of individuals engaged in medical work, grasp the objective data of medical staff's business ability, work performance, medical ethics, job qualifications. Provide a reliable basis for pediatric appointment, training, promotion, and distribution.
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Pesic, Vladimir, Budimir Pavlovic i Jelena Jovanovic-Simic. "The first pediatricians in Serbia". Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 133, nr 1-2 (2005): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0502101p.
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Dr. Platon Papakostopulos (1864-1915), Dr. Milenko Materni (1875-1929), Dr. Milan Petrovic (1886-1963), Dr. Nadezda Stanojevic (1887-1979) and Dr. Djura Jovanovic (1892-1977) were founders of modern pediatrics in Serbia. They established and managed the first pediatric institutions: Hospital pediatric departments, Mother and Child Health Care Consultations and Child welfare clinics in Belgrade and Novi Sad. They also established Pediatric Section of the Serbian Medical Association and published numerous scientific and popular articles in pediatrics.
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Salter, Erica K., Lainie Friedman Ross i D. Micah Hester. "How We Found Consensus on Pediatric Decision-Making and Why It Matters". Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 67, nr 2 (marzec 2024): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2024.a929017.
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ABSTRACT: This article describes the process engaged by 17 expert scholars in the development of a set of six consensus recommendations about the normative foundations of pediatric decision-making. The process began with a robust pre-reading assignment, followed by three days of in-person symposium discussions that resulted in a publication in Pediatrics entitled “Pediatric Decision-Making: Consensus Recommendations” (Salter et al. 2023). This article next compares the six recommendations to existing statements about pediatric decision-making (specifically those developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics), highlighting similarities and differences. Finally, the article discusses the value of finding consensus in the field of pediatric bioethics.
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Cagetti, Maria Grazia, Araxi Balian, Silvia Cirio, Nicole Camoni, Claudia Salerno i Gianluca Martino Tartaglia. "Is Pediatric Dentistry a Topic of Interest for Pediatric Journals? A Scoping Review". Children 8, nr 9 (24.08.2021): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8090720.
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Background: Pediatric dentistry shares many skills with pediatrics. This review evaluates the amount of literature on pediatric dentistry in the first 30 pediatric journals classified by the Web of Science in 2019. The aim was to perform a quantitative analysis of the main dental topics addressed. Methods: A scoping review with the PRISMA-ScR criteria was performed. The Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Report was consulted for journals ranked in the category “Pediatrics” in 2019. Papers were searched in PubMed using an ad hoc prepared string. Results: A total of 504 papers were included. Papers on dental hard tissues were the most prevalent (45.6%), followed by dental public health (23.2%), orofacial development (15.3%), soft tissues related conditions (12.3%), and orofacial trauma (3.6%). Increasing trends have been observed for total papers published (R2 = 0.9822) and total dental papers (R2 = 0.8862), with no statistically significant differences (χ2(6) = 0.051 p > 0.05). The majority of papers (n = 292, 57.9%) were cited between 1 and 10 times, whilst less than 7% of papers received more than 40 citations. Discussion: It is desirable that papers on pediatric dentistry increase in the pediatric scenario, allowing the two related disciplines to intertwine more in the future.
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Allport, Brandon S., Barry S. Solomon i Sara B. Johnson. "The Other Parent: An Exploratory Survey of Providers’ Engagement of Fathers in Pediatric Primary Care". Clinical Pediatrics 58, nr 5 (14.02.2019): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922819829032.
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Although father engagement in pediatric care is associated with positive child health outcomes, pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) often focus on the mother-child dyad. This study sought to characterize pediatric PCPs’ engagement of fathers in care. Pediatric PCPs affiliated with an academic health system were invited to complete an online survey. The primary outcome was the proportion of providers who routinely implement American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations for father engagement. There were 100 respondents. Of the 23 recommended practices for engaging fathers, 18 were routinely implemented by <50% of respondents. The least routinely implemented practices were parenting skills support (4%) and perinatal depression screening (5%). The most commonly endorsed barriers included lack of father attendance at visits (91%) and time constraints (75%). Despite the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations, pediatric PCPs do not routinely engage fathers in care. Effective strategies are needed to reduce barriers and improve father engagement among pediatric providers.
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Kaba, İlknur, i Nurcan Çoşkun. "The Evolution of COVID-19 Publications in Pediatrics: A Bibliometric Analysis with Research Trends and Global Productivity". Medical Science and Discovery 9, nr 8 (17.08.2022): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v9i8.771.
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Objective: Despite the increase in the number of global studies on COVID-19 that has been increasingly contagious among children, no comprehensive bibliometric studies have been found in the literature concerning COVID-19 in pediatrics. This study aimed to perform a holistic analysis of the scientific outputs about COVID-19 in pediatrics using various statistical methods. Methods: The articles published in the research area of pediatrics on COVID-19 between January 1st, 2020 and February 13th, 2022 were downloaded from the Web of Science (WoS) and analysed using various statistical methods. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed for related research. Bibliometric network visualization diagrams were generated to reveal trending topics and cross-country collaborations. Results: A total of 5315 publications were found. Among these publications, 47.7% (n=2540) were articles. The top 5 contributors to the literature were the USA (955), Italy (278), the UK (219), Turkey (148), and China (137). The top 3 most productive institutions were Harvard University (n=107), the University of California System (n=85), and the University of London (n=75). The top 3 journals with the highest number of articles were Frontiers in Pediatrics (n=163), Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal (n=121), and Pediatrics (n=106). The top 3 most effective journals based on the mean number of citations per article were Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna, Lancet Child Adolescent Health, and JAMA Pediatrics. Conclusion: Topics studied on COVID-19 in pediatrics in recent months were screen time, sleep, physical activity, Type 1 diabetes, obesity, vaccine, neonatology, congenital heart disease, qualitative research, school closure, and pediatric emergency medicine.
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Leslie, Laurel, Peter Rappo, Herbert Abelson, Renee R. Jenkins, Sydney R. Sewall, Russell W. Chesney, Holly J. Mulvey, Jimmy L. Simon i Errol R. Alden. "Final Report of the FOPE II Pediatric Generalists of the Future Workgroup". Pediatrics 106, Supplement_E1 (1.11.2000): 1199–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.106.se1.1199.
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The Future of Pediatric Education II (FOPE II) Project was a 3-year, grant-funded initiative, which continued the work begun by the 1978 Task Force on the Future of Pediatric Education. Its primary goal was to proactively provide direction for pediatric education for the 21st century. To achieve this goal, 5 topic-specific workgroups were formed: 1) the Pediatric Generalists of the Future Workgroup, 2) the Pediatric Specialists of the Future Workgroup, 3) the Pediatric Workforce Workgroup, 4) the Financing of Pediatric Education Workgroup, and 5) the Education of the Pediatrician Workgroup. The FOPE II Final Report was recently published as a supplement toPediatrics (The Future of Pediatric Education II: organizing pediatric education to meet the needs of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults in the 21st century.Pediatrics. 2000;105(suppl):161–212). It is also available on the project web site at: www.aap.org/profed/fope1.htm This report reflects the deliberations and recommendations of the Pediatric Generalists of the Future Workgroup of the Task Force on FOPE II. The report looks at 5 factors that have led to changes in child health needs and pediatric practice over the last 2 decades. The report then presents a vision for the role and scope of the pediatrician of the future and the core attributes, skills, and competencies pediatricians caring for infants, children, adolescents, and young adults will need in the 21st century. Pediatrics 2000;106(suppl):1199–1223;pediatrics, medical education, children, adolescents, health care delivery.
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Xavier, Lohana Machado, Luciana Souza de Castro, Sônia Regina de Souza, Ieda Lessa de Souza Albuquerque i Laura Johanson da Silva. "Percepção de enfermeiros quanto ao conhecimento e prática de cuidados paliativos pediátricos". Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 11, nr 36 (22.12.2021): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2021.11.36.119-128.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a percepção de enfermeiros quanto ao conhecimento e prática em cuidados paliativos pediátricos. Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado através de coleta por questionário online com trinta enfermeiros de cenários hospitalares pediátricos, recrutados por meio da técnica de bola de neve. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temático-categorial, resultando em duas categorias: 1) Significados e conhecimentos sobre o cuidado paliativo em pediatria; 2) Dificuldades e necessidades para qualificar a prática do cuidado paliativo em pediatria. Observou-se que os participantes referem conhecimentos gerais em cuidados paliativos pediátricos, com exceção daqueles que por maior inserção na área ou cursos específicos percebem seu próprio conhecimento técnico-científico como especializado. Conclui-se que enfermeiros que atuam em pediatria enfrentam desafios no conhecimento e prática em cuidados paliativos, evidenciando a necessidade da inserção desses conteúdos formativos durante a graduação e de educação permanente no cotidiano profissional.Descritores: Cuidados Paliativos, Enfermeiras Pediátricas, Cuidado da Criança. Nurses' perception of knowledge and practice of pediatric palliative careAbstract: The aim of this study was to understand the perception of nurses regarding knowledge and practice in pediatric palliative care. Descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out through online questionnaire collection with thirty nurses from pediatric hospital settings, recruited through the snowball technique. The data were submitted to thematic-categorical analysis, resulting in two categories: 1) Meanings and knowledge about palliative care in pediatrics; 2) Difficulties and needs to qualify the practice of palliative care in pediatrics. It was observed that the participants refer to general knowledge in pediatric palliative care, with the exception of those who, due to greater insertion in the area or specific courses, perceive their own technical-scientific knowledge as specialized. It is concluded that nurses working in pediatrics face challenges in knowledge and practice in palliative care, highlighting the need for the insertion of these training contents during graduation and permanent education in the professional routine.Descriptors: Palliative Care, Nurses Pediatric, Child Care. Percepción de las enfermeras sobre el conocimiento y la práctica de los cuidados paliativos pediátricosResumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la percepción de los enfermeros sobre el conocimiento y la práctica en cuidados paliativos pediátricos. Estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, realizado mediante recogida de cuestionario online con treinta enfermeras de ámbito hospitalario pediátrico, reclutadas mediante técnica de bola de nieve. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis temático-categórico, resultando en dos categorías: 1) Significados y conocimientos sobre cuidados paliativos en pediatría; 2) Dificultades y necesidades para cualificar la práctica de cuidados paliativos en pediatría. Se observó que los participantes hacen referencia a conocimientos generales en cuidados paliativos pediátricos, con excepción de aquellos que, por mayor inserción en el área o cursos específicos, perciben sus propios conocimientos técnico-científicos como especializados. Se concluye que los enfermeros que trabajan en pediatría enfrentan desafíos en el conocimiento y la práctica en cuidados paliativos, destacando la necesidad de la inserción de estos contenidos formativos durante la graduación y la educación permanente en la vida profesional.Descriptores: Cuidados Paliativos, Enfermeras Pediátricas, Cuidado del Niño.
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Tighe, M. P. "Pediatric endocrinology: the requisites in pediatrics". Archives of Disease in Childhood 90, nr 7 (1.07.2005): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2004.070516.
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Cameron, Fergus. "PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY: THE REQUISITES IN PEDIATRICS". Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 41, nr 4 (kwiecień 2005): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.596_2.x.
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Han, James, Chong-Tae Kim i Heakyung Kim. "Course 449: Pediatrics: Pediatric Stroke Recovery". Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 89, nr 11 (listopad 2008): e5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2008.09.005.
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Rosenzweig, Erika, Dunbar Ivy, Maurice Beghetti i Jeffrey Feinstein. "Using Advanced Pulmonary Hypertension Therapies in Children". Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension 10, nr 2 (1.04.2011): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21693/1933-088x-10.2.117.
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On July 8, 2011, Editor-in-Chief Erika Rosenzweig convened a discussion among a group of physicians who work daily with pediatric PH patients to share their thoughts and experiences related to using new therapies with children. Contributing to the conversation were guest editor Dunbar Ivy, MD, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado; Jeffrey A. Feinstein, MD, MPH, Associate Professor, Stanford University School of Medicine; Tilman Humpl, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Pediatrics, University of Toronto; and Professor Maurice Beghetti, Head of Pediatric Subspecialties Division and Head of Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Children's University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Green, Morris. "Pediatric Education and the Care of the Person". Pediatrics 78, nr 3 (1.09.1986): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.78.3.431.
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Pediatric education is preeminently concerned with the care of the person—the child, the parent, and the physician. Such personalized care can no longer be taken for granted. In both its scientific and humanistic qualities, it is being threatened by nonselective cost cutting. These changes will not spare pediatric education. The public, greatly concerned about the humanistic character of today's physicians, needs to better understand that pediatric education is fully committed to being humanistically as well as scientifically responsive to the needs of the times. Pediatrics should be defined as the specialty of growth, development, and adaptation, with adaptation offering a bridge between the biomedical and the psychosocial aspects of child health. Pediatric education needs both long- and short-term views. Opportunities to explore new pediatric roles have become time limited. A national strategic plan for pediatric education is needed. Because it takes more than the residency years to become a seasoned pediatrician, academic departments have a shared responsibility with the American Academy of Pediatrics, at the national and chapter level, to jointly fashion effective and relevant continuing education experiences.
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DeAngelis, Catherine, Ralph Feigin, Thomas DeWitt, Lewis R. First, Ethan A. Jewett, Robert Kelch, Russell W. Chesney, Holly J. Mulvey, Jimmy L. Simon i Errol R. Alden. "Final Report of the FOPE II Pediatric Workforce Workgroup". Pediatrics 106, Supplement_E1 (1.11.2000): 1245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.106.se1.1245.
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From the inception of the Future of Pediatric Education II (FOPE II) Project, it was acknowledged that any discussion of pediatric education would need to encompass a review of the pediatric workforce. This report looks at the current trends in pediatric workforce and draws some conclusions regarding future growth and composition. In addition to looking at demographic trends, ranging from geography to gender, the report explores influences including managed care, telemedicine, and others. Models for determining workforce needs are described and scenarios and projections are discussed. Pediatrics 2000;106(suppl):1245–1255;pediatric workforce.
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Wright, James R., Peter B. Baker i Hiroyuki Shimada. "Pioneer in Pediatric Pathology: William A (Bill) Newton Jr (1923–)". Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 22, nr 2 (20.08.2018): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1093526618794831.
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William A (Bill) Newton Jr practiced pediatric pathology and hematology/oncology at Children’s Hospital of Columbus, Ohio, for over 40 years starting in 1952. Newton was an original member of the Pediatric Pathology Club, which preceded the Society for Pediatric Pathology, and was its president from 1968 to 1969. He published important independent observations in pediatric pathology, helped establish systematic cooperative pediatric tumor pathology review by experts, became an acclaimed expert on the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma, was a critical contributor to many pediatric oncology clinical trials, made important early contributions to tumor banking in pediatrics, and trained numerous pediatric pathology and pediatric oncology fellows. Finally, he concluded his career as a humanitarian, leading important volunteer work aimed at improving pediatric cancer care in China. This most interesting pediatric pathologist was simultaneously a Brigadier General in the U.S. Army. Bill Newton’s life and career, which is reviewed in detail here, should be of immense interest and an inspiration to the Pediatric & Developmental Pathology readership.
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Coté, Charles J., Ralph E. Kauffman, Gloria J. Troendle i George H. Lambert. "Is the "Therapeutic Orphan" About to Be Adopted?" Pediatrics 98, nr 1 (1.07.1996): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.118.
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In this issue of Pediatrics, the Committee on Drugs (COD) has examined the continued problem of the "unapproved" use of "approved" medications in pediatrics.1 This commentary will expand on the issues that have restricted drug research in children and describe current initiatives to facilitate and encourage such research to achieve the necessary drug labeling to reduce unapproved uses of medications in children. BACKGROUND Physicians who treat infants and children frequently prescribe medications that have never been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for pediatric patients; unfortunately, many drugs are released without labels for pediatric use and often with pediatric disclaimers.
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Ravi, Kaveena26, i Kirubha Hari.C K. "Designing Pediatric Nano-formulations Faces a slew of Obstacles: A Review". Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 33, nr 1 (26.03.2024): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp11-22.
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Nanotechnology is a fine tool for enhancing drug efficiency. Doses and medication development for Pediatric Population still remains a challenge.The clinical experience gained from treating adults is usually used in pediatric therapies.Although science has proven that children's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differ from adult.When applied to children, innovative technologies (e.g., nanotechnology) are highly challenging to implement. An optimal formulation has to be in an acceptable dose type where the pediatric patients can accommodate. Due to its complicated existence, comparatively few efforts were made, in particular to establish pediatric Nano-medicines primarily to increase the solubility and stability of sparingly water-soluble liquid formulation. Though many researchers focus on developing adult medications, some new researches are been carried to provide precision medicines to the infants.Inspite of some safety issues nanotechnology have commenced an era of Nano-pediatrics. The possible negative consequences and medical benefits in Pediatric communities are correlated with Nano-formulated drug treatment that is distinct from adults. Incentives in adult market rather than children's needs often lead to pediatric strategies. Drug kinetics design and simulation are also explored to create pediatric Nano-formulation. Nano formulations play a major role in handling pediatric infectious disease and cancer.Many studies aimed to furnish precision medicine for challenging diseases, especially liposomes are imparted Nano formulations are used in the treatment of tumors in new-borns. This article reviews the challenges faced in designing Nano-pediatrics and flourishing studies involved in serving pediatric precision medicines.
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Pardo-Muñoz, Juan Manuel. "Pediatric optic neuritis". Case reports 5, nr 1 (1.01.2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/cr.v5n1.76773.
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Optic neuritis in the pediatric population greatly differs from its presentation in the adult population. Firstly, it is usually bilateral in children and mostly unilateral in adults. (1,2,3) Second, it is generally associated with inflammation of the optic disc in pediatrics (1,2,3), whereas the inflammation is often retrobulbar in adults. (2) Finally, pediatric optic neuritis is often considered a post-infectious condition that is not usually associated with the subsequent development of multiple sclerosis (MS) (4,5,2), while in adults, the demyelinating event often precedes the clinical onset of MS. (6)
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Amaha, Eleni, Lydia Haddis, Senait Aweke i Efrem Fenta. "The prevalence of difficult airway and its associated factors in pediatric patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia: An observational study". SAGE Open Medicine 9 (styczeń 2021): 205031212110524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211052436.
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Background: The airway of an anesthetized patient should be secured with an artificial airway for oxygenation or ventilation. Pediatrics are not small adults which means they are different from adults both anatomically and physiologically. This study aims to determine the prevalence of difficult airway and its associated factors in pediatric patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia in referral hospitals of Addis Ababa. Methods: A multi-centered cross-sectional study design was employed. The bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to measure the association between the dependent variable (pediatrics difficult airway) and independent variables. p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results: A total of 290 pediatrics patients were included in this study. The prevalence of difficult airway in pediatrics patients who underwent surgery was 19.7%. In multivariate logistic regression, pediatrics patients less than 2 years of age (adjusted odds ratio = 6.768, 95% confidence interval = 2.024, 22.636), underweight pediatrics patients (adjusted odds ratio = 4.661, 95% confidence interval = 1.196, 18.154), pediatrics patients having anticipated difficult airway (adjusted odds ratio = 18.563, 95% confidence interval = 4.837, 71.248), history of the difficult airway (adjusted odds ratio = 8.351, 95% confidence interval = 2.033, 34.302), the experience of anesthetists less than 4 years of age (adjusted odds ratio = 9.652, 95% confidence interval = 2.910, 32.050) had a significant association with pediatrics difficult airway. Conclusion: Being pediatric patients less than 2 years of age, underweight pediatrics patients, having anticipated difficult airway, those anesthetists who do not perform enough pediatric cases were identified as the main factors associated with the greater occurrence of difficult airway in pediatric patients.
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Jaruratanasirikul, Somchit, i Wassana Khotchasing. "Using a 360-degree assessment of pediatric residency training: experience at Prince of Songkla University, Thailand". Asian Biomedicine 8, nr 1 (1.02.2014): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.0801.268.
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Abstract Background: The Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Songkla University (PSU) with 7-10 pediatric residents per year has implied a 360-degree evaluating instrument for residency training since 2007. Objective: We determined the competency ratings of pediatric residents during their training. Methods: During 2007-2011, 23 pediatric residents finished the pediatric residency program. At each ward rotation, each pediatric resident was rated for competency skills by four different categories of raters: attending staff, nurses, medical students, and the patients’ parents. The average score of each competency given by each category of raters was calculated, and was compared to scores of multiple-choice questions (MCQ) and constructed response questions (CRQ) of Thai Board of Pediatric Examination. Results: The mean overall scores of each resident rated by the attending staff, nurses, medical students, and patients’ parents increased with year of residency training. The mean overall scores of each resident rated by attending physicians were positively correlated with the MCQ (r = 0.42, p = 0.04) and CRQ (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) scores of the Thai Board of Pediatrics Examination. Conclusion: The 360-degree assessments with ratings by attending physicians during the pediatric training are reliable for assessment the medical knowledge of the residents.
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Siddiqi, Nida, i Ibrahim F. Shatat. "Antihypertensive agents: a long way to safe drug prescribing in children". Pediatric Nephrology 35, nr 11 (1.11.2019): 2049–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-019-04314-7.
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Abstract Recently updated clinical guidelines have highlighted the gaps in our understanding and management of pediatric hypertension. With increased recognition and diagnosis of pediatric hypertension, the use of antihypertensive agents is also likely to increase. Drug selection to treat hypertension in the pediatric patient population remains challenging. This is primarily due to a lack of large, well-designed pediatric safety and efficacy trials, limited understanding of pharmacokinetics in children, and unknown risk of prolonged exposure to antihypertensive therapies. With newer legislation providing financial incentives for conducting clinical trials in children, along with publication of pediatric-focused guidelines, literature available for antihypertensive agents in pediatrics has increased over the last 20 years. The objective of this article is to review the literature for safety and efficacy of commonly prescribed antihypertensive agents in pediatrics. Thus far, the most data to support use in children was found for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB). Several gaps were noted in the literature, particularly for beta blockers, vasodilators, and the long-term safety profile of antihypertensive agents in children. Further clinical trials are needed to guide safe and effective prescribing in the pediatric population.
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Kovar, Lukas, Andreas Weber, Michael Zemlin, Yvonne Kohl, Robert Bals, Bernd Meibohm, Dominik Selzer i Thorsten Lehr. "Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling Providing Insights into Fentanyl Pharmacokinetics in Adults and Pediatric Patients". Pharmaceutics 12, nr 10 (23.09.2020): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12100908.
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Fentanyl is widely used for analgesia, sedation, and anesthesia both in adult and pediatric populations. Yet, only few pharmacokinetic studies of fentanyl in pediatrics exist as conducting clinical trials in this population is especially challenging. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a mechanistic approach to explore drug pharmacokinetics and allows extrapolation from adult to pediatric populations based on age-related physiological differences. The aim of this study was to develop a PBPK model of fentanyl and norfentanyl for both adult and pediatric populations. The adult PBPK model was established in PK-Sim® using data from 16 clinical studies and was scaled to several pediatric subpopulations. ~93% of the predicted AUClast values in adults and ~88% in pediatrics were within 2-fold of the corresponding value observed. The adult PBPK model predicted a fraction of fentanyl dose metabolized to norfentanyl of ~33% and a fraction excreted in urine of ~7%. In addition, the pediatric PBPK model was used to simulate differences in peak plasma concentrations after bolus injections and short infusions. The novel PBPK models could be helpful to further investigate fentanyl pharmacokinetics in both adult and pediatric populations.
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SAPIN, SAMUEL O. "Managed Care". Pediatrics 90, nr 2 (1.08.1992): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.2.278.
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To the Editor.— The recent report in Pediatrics1 of a random survey of American Academy of Pediatrics Fellows, titled "Barriers to Pediatric Referral in Managed Care Systems" paints a picture of managed care with brushstrokes which are much too broad. Managed care is an extremely heterogeneous entity and the authors of the report do not emphasize sufficiently the fact that pediatricians in certain types of managed care systems practice with no barriers to appropriate referrals for subspecialty or inpatient care.
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Seidel, James S. "Emergency Medical Services and the Pediatric Patient: Are the Needs Being Met? II. Training and Equipping Emergency Medical Services Providers for Pediatric Emergencies". Pediatrics 78, nr 5 (1.11.1986): 808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.78.5.808.
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Emergency medical services have been organized to meet the needs of adult patients. A study was undertaken to determine the training in pediatrics offered to paramedics and emergency medical technicians throughout the United States and the equipment carried by prehospital care provider agencies. Most training (50%) takes place at colleges and universities and the remainder at hospitals and emergency medical services agencies. Many programs (40%) have less than ten hours of didactic training in pediatrics and 41% offer ten hours or less of clinical experience. Some programs offer no training in pediatric emergency medicine. The most common deficiencies in pediatric equipment included back-boards, pediatric drugs, resuscitation masks, and small intravenous catheters. More attention to training and equipping prehospital personnel for pediatric emergencies may help to improve outcomes of out-of-hospital resuscitations of infants and children.
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Johnston, Donna L., Tracy A. Hentz i Debra L. Friedman. "Pediatric Palliative Care". Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 10, nr 4 (1.10.2005): 200–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-10.4.200.
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Pediatric palliative care provides benefit to children living with life-threatening or terminal conditions. Palliative care should be available to all seriously ill children. Palliative care includes the treatment of symptoms such as pain, nausea, dyspnea, constipation, anorexia, and sialorrhea. This care can occur in a variety of settings, from home to hospice to hospital, and must include bereavement care and follow up after the death of a child. There are many challenges in pediatric palliative care, but continued research into this important area of pediatrics will lead to improvements in the care of children with life-threatening illnesses.
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Glusman, Jennifer W., Kathryn Doherty, Kacie E. Johannes i Allison W. Willis. "Bibliometric analysis of published research on pediatric health disparities". International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 10, nr 4 (27.03.2023): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20230751.
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This study aimed to examine the current evidence in the medical literature on health disparities in the pediatric population. A bibliometric analysis of published research focused on health disparities in pediatric patients was conducted to analyze publication trends. A search of the Scopus database was conducted using keywords that were determined to be appropriate by the authors. This analysis helps determine which pediatric subspecialties may be lacking in health disparity research. A total of 2,380 publications from 1979 to 2021 met the inclusion criteria using the keywords “pediatric health disparities.” The number of articles published increased over the observation period, with 679 published between 2020-2021. When grouped by subspecialty, the majority of articles were associated with general pediatrics, followed by oncology, cardiology, nephrology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, neurology, pulmonology, and urology. When organized by health disparity risk factor or population, socioeconomics was the most common followed by race, urban, gender, rural, mental disability, physical disability, gender identity, religion and sexual orientation. The United States published more articles than any other country. The National Institute of Health has funded the majority of pediatric health disparities research. Pediatrics was found to be the leading journal of pediatric health disparity research. Research on pediatric health disparities is most frequently published in the United States, and is most focused on socioeconomics in a primary care setting. There is a large gap of research conducted in pediatric subspecialties, and on health disparities such as religion, sexual orientation, gender, and gender identity.
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Petryaykina, E. E., I. O. Shchederkina, I. P. Vitkovskaya, P. V. Svirin, A. V. Gorbunov, A. E. Kessel, Yu A. Khachaturov, G. E. Chmutin i N. N. Kuleshov. "Primary pediatric stroke center in the multidisciplinary pediatric hospital. New reality in pediatrics". City Healthcare 1, nr 1 (16.10.2020): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2020.v1i1;15-30.
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Background. The increase in the number of diagnosed strokes in children, significant distinctive features and complexity of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular diseases in children compared with adults, the impossibility of direct extrapolation of therapeutic recommendations from adult practice to pediatrics required the creation of specialized primary centers of pediatric stroke in Russia. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to describe the experience of organizing a Center for the treatment of children and adolescents with cerebrovascular diseases (hereinafter referred to as the Center) on the basis of the multidisciplinary pediatric hospital of the Morozovskaya Children's City Clinical Hospital of Moscow Healthcare Department, the introduction of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of strokes in pediatrics, the organization of preventive measures, maintaining the city register of children's stroke, coordinating the provision of medical care to children with cerebrovascular diseases at various levels in the city of Moscow. Materials and methods. The presented experience of organizing and operating the Center covers the period from 2014 to 2019. Researchers used descriptive, statistical, and comparative analysis to demonstrate the Center's performance and justify proposed improvements in diagnostics, management of pediatric patients with cerebrovascular disease, and relapse prevention. Results. In the course of the organization and operation of the Center, there was assessed the frequency of children's strokes in the city: in 2015 - 6.59 cases per 100 thousand of the child population of Moscow; in 2016 - 6.51 per 100 thousand; in 2017 - 6.43 per 100 thousand and in 2018 - 5.86 per 100 thousand. There were improved: the diagnostics of cerebrovascular pathology and its algorithm, modern reperfusion methods of treatment (thrombolysis, thromboextraction) were introduced into practice, outpatient observation. The equipment and trained specialists concentration on the basis of the Center allowed the creation of the Center "full cycle". Maintaining the city register of pediatric stroke made it possible to compare Russian data with those available in the literature and to establish international cooperation with the International Pediatric Stroke Organization. Conclusion. The establishment of the Center is an important example of interdisciplinary interaction in pediatrics. The City Register of Pediatric Stroke will make it possible to assess the problem of childhood stroke in Moscow. The accumulated organizational, medical and diagnostic, scientific, international and educational experience of the Center can be introduced in other regions of the Russian Federation to improve the provision of medical care to children and to solve the most important problem - preserving the health of the country's child population.
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Vlasova, A. V., T. A. Tenovskaya, L. V. Dymnova, Yu V. Romanova, A. B. Malahov, M. A. Muhina, I. P. Vitkovskaya, E. E. Petryaykina i O. I. Simonova. "Primary pediatric stroke center in the multidisciplinary pediatric hospital. New reality in pediatrics". City Healthcare 1, nr 1 (16.10.2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2020.v1i1;51-59.
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Background. The increase in the number of diagnosed strokes in children, significant distinctive features and complexity of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular diseases in children compared with adults, the impossibility of direct extrapolation of therapeutic recommendations from adult practice to pediatrics required the creation of specialized primary centers of pediatric stroke in Russia. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to describe the experience of organizing a Center for the treatment of children and adolescents with cerebrovascular diseases (hereinafter referred to as the Center) on the basis of the multidisciplinary pediatric hospital of the Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital of Moscow Healthcare Department, the introduction of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of strokes in pediatrics, the organization of preventive measures, maintaining the city register of children’s stroke, coordinating the provision of medical care to children with cerebrovascular diseases at various levels in the city of Moscow. Materials and methods. The presented experience of organizing and operating the Center covers the period from 2014 to 2019. Researchers used descriptive, statistical, and comparative analysis to demonstrate the Center’s performance and justify proposed improvements in diagnostics, management of pediatric patients with cerebrovascular disease, and relapse prevention. Results. In the course of the organization and operation of the Center, there was assessed the frequency of children’s strokes in the city: in 2015 - 6.59 cases per 100 thousand of the child population of Moscow; in 2016 - 6.51 per 100 thousand; in 2017 - 6.43 per 100 thousand and in 2018 - 5.86 per 100 thousand. There were improved: the diagnostics of cerebrovascular pathology and its algorithm, modern reperfusion methods of treatment (thrombolysis, thromboextraction) were introduced into practice, outpatient observation. The equipment and trained specialists concentration on the basis of the Center allowed the creation of the Center «full cycle». Maintaining the city register of pediatric stroke made it possible to compare Russian data with those available in the literature and to establish international cooperation with the International Pediatric Stroke Organization. Conclusion. The establishment of the Center is an important example of interdisciplinary interaction in pediatrics. The City Register of Pediatric Stroke will make it possible to assess the problem of childhood stroke in Moscow. The accumulated organizational, medical and diagnostic, scientific, international and educational experience of the Center can be introduced in other regions of the Russian Federation to improve the provision of medical care to children and to solve the most important problem - preserving the health of the country’s child population.
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McCrindle, Brian W., Barbara Starfield i Catherine DeAngelis. "Subspecialization Within Pediatric Practice: A Broader Spectrum". Pediatrics 90, nr 4 (1.10.1992): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.4.573.
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This study was undertaken to describe subspecialty characteristics and practices of the population of pediatricians given the ongoing controversy regarding a projected manpower oversupply of general pediatricians. A questionnaire was mailed to a national random sample of 1620 United States physicians listed in the American Medical Association's Pysician Masterfile as being in office-based pediatric practice. The final response rate was 63%. Seventy percent of respondents designated their practices as "general pediatrics" versus 17% as "general pediatrics with a specific subspecialty interest" and 13% as "subspecialty practice." The general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest were intermediate in the proportion that had some training in a pediatric fellowship program (general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest, 63% versus general pediatricians, 14%, P < .0001, and pediatricians with a subspecialty practice, 92%, P < .0001) and that were certified in a pediatric subspecialty by the American Board of Pediatrics (general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest 16% versus general pediatricians, 2%, P < .0001, and pediatricians with subspecialty practice, 62%, P < .0001). They were also intermediate in the proportion involved in various academic pursuits. Their practices, however, more closely resembled general pediatricians than pediatricians with a subspeciality practice in their location, setting, associates, and commitment to primary care. They were more likely than general pediatricians to utilize or provide specialized tests or procedures. A large percentage of pediatricians incorporate subspecilaty elements into their general pediatric practices. Models of current and projected pediatric manpower supply need to be reassessed in light of this form of practice.
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Wender, Esther H., Polly E. Bijur i W. Thomas Boyce. "Pediatric Residency Training: Ten Years After the Task Force Report". Pediatrics 90, nr 6 (1.12.1992): 876–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.6.876.
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A sample of 3000 pediatricians who had completed their residency training in 1978 or later were surveyed regarding the perception of the adequacy of their residency training in specific aspects of pediatric practice and in a number of subspecialty areas. The survey was almost identical with the one that formed the basis for the American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Pediatric Education report in 1978. The results revealed relatively little change in the high rates of perceived "insufficient training" in all the areas of pediatrics described as "underemphasized" in the Task Force report. However, those residents who received their training during the second half of the 10 years since the Task Force survey reported significant improvement in the previously underemphasized areas of developmental and behavioral pediatrics and adolescent medicine. Results also revealed a significant increase in the number of pediatricians who identify either a subspecialty interest or subspecialty practice in developmental or behavioral pediatrics. The increase in pediatric subspecialists and the improved training experience since 1984 indicate that the Task Force report may have had a positive impact on residency training in developmental and behavioral pediatrics.
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Rowan-Legg, Anne, i Marc Zucker. "15 2020 CaRMS Residency Match Confirms Popularity of Pediatrics". Paediatrics & Child Health 26, Supplement_1 (1.10.2021): e10-e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxab061.011.
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Abstract Primary Subject area Medical Education Background Longitudinal data about the interest in, and competitiveness of, pediatric postgraduate training in Canada has not been reported. Objectives 1. To describe the results of the 2020 CaRMS pediatric residency match with respect to application rates, first-choice discipline choices, and succesful match rates by gender. 2. To examine the trend of these indices over the past decade. Design/Methods Data from the 2020 Canadian Residency Matching Service (CaRMS) pediatric residency match was evaluated and compared over the past decade. Residency match data from other programs was also used for some comparison reporting. Results Of a total pool of 2998 Canadian medical graduate (CMG) applicants in 2020, 305 (10.2%) applied to pediatrics, and 17 of these latter applicants (5.6%) applied solely to pediatrics. In the first iteration CaRMS match, pediatrics was the first-choice discipline for 177 CMG applicants (6.0% of all first choices). Pediatrics has been consistent as a first-choice discipline over the years: 5.9% (2017), 5.5% (2015), and 6.1% (2013). Of the 155 first-year positions offered in pediatrics this year, all were filled. Of those CMGs who matched to pediatrics in 2020, the specialty was the first-choice discipline for 128 applicants (92.8%) and the second-choice discipline for 9 applicants (6.5%). There were clear gender differences noted. Pediatrics accounted for 8.3% of female and 3.2% of male first-choice disciplines. Of the 135 females whose first-choice discipline was pediatrics, 101 matched to that first choice (74.8%). Of the 41 males whose first-choice discipline was pediatrics, 26 matched to that first choice (63.4%). Since 1995 (at CaRMS’ inception), the rates of first-choice discipline choice by gender have been quite stable (Table 1), with females consistently higher than males, while the first-choice discipline matching rate by gender have varied (Figure 1). Forty CMG applicants whose first-choice discipline was pediatrics matched to an alternate discipline choice and nine went unmatched, suggesting that pediatrics continues to be a competitive discipline. The pediatric rate of first-choice discipline matching to another alternate choice of 22.6% (40/177) is comparable to Anesthesia (22.1%; 34/154), Ophthalmology (26.7%; 20/75), and Otolaryngology (20.9%; 9/43). Conclusion Pediatrics continues to be a top specialty choice for graduates of Canadian medical schools, according to data from the 2020 CaRMS match. There are gender differences noted in the choice of pediatrics as a first-choice discipline, and in the successful match rate to pediatrics programs. The rate of successful first-choice discipline matching by gender have varied over time, with the past two years showing significantly greater matching success for females. These trends in the CaRMS pediatric data have implications on discipline recruitment and the pediatric workforce in Canada, and merit further exploration.
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MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM C. "Evaluation of Interpersonal Skills and Ethics After Pediatric Training". Pediatrics 79, nr 5 (1.05.1987): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.79.5.834.
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In this issue of Pediatrics (pp 829-833) there is a statement by the Medical Ethics Subcommittee of the American Board of Pediatrics entitled "Teaching and Evaluation of Interpersonal Skills and Ethical Decision Making in Pediatrics." The American Academy of Pediatrics agrees with and supports the thoughts and plans expressed in this statement and agrees that candidates should be examined on these issues as part of the Board's certifying process. In 1978, the Academy published a report entitled The Future of Pediatric Education, the authorship of which was a joint effort of representatives from ten medical organizations concerned with educating pediatricians. That report clearly stated the need for formal education in medical ethics and interpersonal skills in the pediatric residency curricula in order that the biosocial needs of infants, children, and adolescents be satisfactorily addressed.
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Schmedding, Andrea, Piotr Czauderna i Udo Rolle. "European Pediatric Surgical Training". European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 27, nr 03 (11.05.2017): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603102.
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Introduction Pediatric surgery is essential for the surgical treatment of children in Europe and is generally a well-accepted specialty in Europe. There are still limited data on the training conditions within the European national associations of pediatric surgery. Materials and Methods A questionnaire designed by the executive committee of UEMS Section of Pediatric Surgery was distributed among all ordinary and associated UEMS members, which have national pediatric surgical associations, and to Russia. These questionnaires were completed by colleagues of the national associations and returned to the authors. Results In this study, 29 out of 37 (78%) national associations of pediatric surgery answered the questionnaire. In 90% of these countries, pediatric surgery is a distinct specialty. Training usually starts with a common surgical trunk (75%) of 1 to 2 years; the whole training lasts ∼6 years. Nonsurgical parts of the training, such as pediatrics, are part of the training program in 54% of countries. The content of the training comprises general pediatric surgery and newborn surgery in all countries, pediatric surgical oncology and pediatric urology in most countries, and pediatric traumatology and pediatric neurosurgery only in some countries. More than 90% of countries use a training logbook, and 79% require a final examination. The European Board of Pediatric Surgery exam is recognized only in 54% of the countries. Conclusion This study reveals that a uniform training schedule in pediatric surgery throughout Europe has not been achieved. This situation mandates urgent attempt to harmonize both training curricula and final exams at European level.
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BEAUCHAMP, GEORGE R. "Optometric Vision Training". Pediatrics 77, nr 1 (1.01.1986): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.77.1.121.
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Optometric vision training is controversial, and knowledgeable individuals question its targets and efficacy. In responding to a position paper of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, and the American Academy of Ophthalmology on learning disabilities, dyslexia, and vision,1 Flax et al2 raise issues worthy of close scrutiny, and recent literature provides useful perspective. Before commenting on the issues, the air should be clear on the central perspective: the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology, and American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus have expressed one, and only one, concern in promulgating their position: the best interests of people with learning disabilities.
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Brotherton, Sarah E. "Pediatric Subspecialty Training, Certification, and Practice: Who's Doing What". Pediatrics 94, nr 1 (1.07.1994): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.94.1.83.
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Objective. To examine the extent of pediatric subspecialty training, certification, and practice among general and subspecialty pediatricians and to determine how the diversity of pediatric careers may affect physician workforce supply estimates. Method. A sample of 4 000 sell-designated pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists from the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfile were surveyed in 1991 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Seventy-six percent of the sample responded to the 6-page questionnaire on practice characteristics, training, and demographic information. Results. Two-thirds of pediatricians are not subspecialty trained (66.3%), 15.1% are certified subspecialists, 11.3% are trained but not subboard certified, and 7.3% are subspecialty trained in an area with no certification exam. Subspecialty training did not always predict subspecialty practice; 19% of pediatricians without subspecialty training spend some time in a subspecialty, and 13% of those who are subspecialty trained practice general pediatrics exclusively. Certified subspecialists and those who cannot as yet become certified are most likely to practice their subspecialty. One-fourth of those trained in a certifiable subspecialty but who remain uncertified practice general pediatrics exclusively. The proportion of direct patient care time spent overall, and the proportion of direct patient care time spent in the subspecialty are also related to subspedalty certification and training/practice consistency. Conclusion. Pediatric workforce supply projections should incorporate more than certification and training information in calculating estimates, as the practice of general and subspecialty pediatrics is very diverse and accommodating of integrative styles.
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Navin, Mark Christopher, Jason Adam Wasserman, Douglas S. Diekema i Thaddeus M. Pope. "Limits on Parental Discretion in Medical Decision-Making: pediatric intervention principles converge". Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 67, nr 2 (marzec 2024): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2024.a929023.
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ABSTRACT: Pediatric intervention principles help clinicians and health-care institutions determine appropriate responses when parents’ medical decisions place children at risk. Several intervention principles have been proposed and defended in the pediatric ethics literature. These principles may appear to provide conflicting guidance, but much of that conflict is superficial. First, seemingly different pediatric intervention principles sometimes converge on the same guidance. Second, these principles often aim to solve different problems in pediatrics or to operate in different background conditions. The potential for convergence between intervention principles—or at least an absence of conflict between them—matters for both the theory and practice of pediatric ethics. This article builds on the recent work of a diverse group of pediatric ethicists tasked with identifying consensus guidelines for pediatric decision-making.