Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / PCDF

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „PCDF”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Spis treści

Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „PCDF”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "PCDF"

1

Campin, D. N., S. J. Buckland, D. J. Hannah i J. A. Taucher. "The Identification of Dioxin Sources in an Integrated Wood Processing Facility". Water Science and Technology 24, nr 3-4 (1.08.1991): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0463.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
A study was undertaken of the PCDD and PCDF export vectors from a major facility that comprises a bleached kraft pulp mill, paper mills, and previously, a timber processing sawmill. The PCDD and PCDF levels in pulps, untreated effluent, the final effluent, sludges, and discharge to the receiving waters, were studied. The total toxic equivalents were calculated, and the individual PCDD and PCDF profiles showed that there were several contributing sources of dioxins. The various effluent streams that contribute to the final effluent were studied, including the bleached effluent, the other kraft mill effluents, and site effluents from other processing areas. Mass balances of PCDDs and PCDFs from the effluent treatment systems are presented. The paper outlines the use of full PCDD and PCDF profile measurements as a means of identifying the point sources of dioxin contamination from within the facility, and outlines the procedures that are being implemented to control the emission of dioxins in the final effluent.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Nguyễn Khắc, Mạnh, Ái Quốc Trần, Tất Thành Nguyễn i Tuấn Việt Trần. "Các phương pháp phân tích polychlorinated dibenzo-p- dioxins và polychlorinated dibenzofurans". Journal of Military Science and Technology, VITTEP (20.12.2022): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.vittep.2022.141-149.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Polychlorinated dibenzo para-dioxins (PCDD) và polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) tại Việt Nam có hai nguồn chủ yếu từ hậu quả chiến tranh và các nguồn thải công nghiệp. Đặc biệt với bối cảnh nền công nghiệp lạc hậu sử dụng những kỹ thuật đã cũ như ở Việt Nam thì việc phải quan trắc và kiểm soát chặt chẽ các nguồn thải có khả năng sinh PCDD/PCDF là rất cần thiết. Trong bài viết này, độc tính của PCDD/PCDF, cách đánh giá độc tính thông qua hệ số độ độc tương đương (Toxic equivalent factors – TEF) và tổng độ độc tương đương (Toxic equivalent quantity – TEQ) được trình bày. Tiếp theo là quá trình hình thành và phát triển của các kỹ thuật phân tích PCDD/PCDF trên thế giới qua các thời kỳ được thảo luận chi tiết. Thông qua đó, thực trạng về ô nhiễm PCDD/PCDF tại Việt Nam được đề cập và các giải pháp xử lý được đề xuất.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Banout, Jan, Ondrej Urban, Vojtech Musil, Jirina Szakova i Jiri Balik. "Agent Orange Footprint Still Visible in Rural Areas of Central Vietnam". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/528965.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Levels of polychlorinated dioxins/furans (PCDD/PCDF) in selected environmental samples (soils, sediments, fish, and farm animals) were analyzed from the area of Phong My commune (Thua Thien-Hue province, Vietnam). This area was affected by Agent Orange spraying during the Vietnam war (1968–1971). Whereas PCDD/PCDF content in soil and sediment samples is relatively low and ranges between 0.05 and 5.1 pg WHO-TEQ/g for soils and between 0.7 and 6.4 pg WHO-TEQ/g for sediments, the PCDD/PCDF content in poultry muscle and liver in most cases exceeded the maximum permissible limit of dioxin content per unit fat mass. In some cases of soil and sediments samples, 2,3,7,8-TCDD represented more than 90% of the total PCDD/PCDF, which indicates Agent Orange as the main source.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Augustowska, Katarzyna, Zofia Magnowska, Maria Kapiszewska i Ewa L. Gregoraszczuk. "Is the natural PCDD/PCDF mixture toxic for human placental JEG-3 cell line? The action of the toxicants on hormonal profile, CYP1A1 activity, DNA damage and cell apoptosis". Human & Experimental Toxicology 26, nr 5 (maj 2007): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327107073119.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The present study was conducted to define the action of a mixture obtained by the extraction and purification of real fly ash, on specific toxicity endpoints, such as hormonal secretion, CYP1A1 expression, DNA damage and cell apoptosis. JEG-3 cell line was exposed in vitro to different doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/Polychlorinated dibenzo-P-furan (PCDD/PCDF) mixture. Both TCDD and the mixture decreased hCG secretion, while inhibition of progesterone levels was noted only under the influence of TCDD. The changes in hormone production were not due to the action on cell viability. There were time-dependent differences in CYP1A1 expression in cells exposed to TCDD and PCDD/PCDF mixture. Both TCDD and PCDD/PCDF mixture did not induce the DNA damage, as evaluated by the comet assay. Significantly lower DNA migration from the head of comet into the comet tail was noted after the removal of reagents. The highest efficiency of this process was noted 4 h after the TCDD and 24 h after the PCDD/PCDF mixture removal. These results suggest that the DNA adducts and/or DNA—DNA cross-links were formed. Neither TCDD nor PCDD/PCDF mixture had any effect on cell apoptosis assessed by caspase-3 activity and Hoechst 33258. Taken together, these findings clearly indicate a weaker action of the mixture when compared with TCDD. However, in both cases, their action was not due to the induction of the DNA damage and subsequent cell apoptosis but due to a direct influence of these toxicants on placental hormone production. Human & Experimental Toxicology ( 2007) 26, 407—417
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Eljarrat, Ethel. "Effects of Sewage Sludges Contaminated with Chlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Sludge-Treated Areas (Soils and Sediments)". Scientific World JOURNAL 2 (2002): 1729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.880.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The fate of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in sewage sludges after different management techniques — such as agricultural application, land restoration, and marine disposal — was studied. Changes observed in the concentrations, in the ratio between PCDD and PCDF levels, and in the isomeric distribution suggest the influence of the sewage sludge on the sludge-treated areas (soils and sediments). Whereas land application techniques seem to produce no serious environmental consequences, marine disposal practices produce considerable increases in the levels of contamination in marine sediments.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Manninen, Helena, Annikki Perkiö, Terttu Vartiainen i Juhani Ruuskanen. "Formation of PCDD/PCDF". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 3, nr 3 (wrzesień 1996): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02985518.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Nakagawa, Reiko, Hironori Hirakawa, Takao Iida, Takahiko Matsueda i Junya Nagayama. "Maternal Body Burden of Organochlorine Pesticides and Dioxins". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, nr 3 (1.05.1999): 716–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.3.716.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Abstract To investigate the body burden of organochlorine pesticides and dioxins in Japanese women,125 milk samples were collected from 41 mothers in 1994, 42 in 1995, and 42 in 1996. Ofthe 125 samples, 82 were from primipara mothers (first delivery) and 43 were from multipara mothers (second or later delivery). By using capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection, β-HCH and p,p′-DDE were detected as the major chlorine pesticides in human milk. Average levels of β-HCH and p,p′-DDE were 475 and 368 ng/g lipid, respectively, in primipara breast milk, 314 and 259 ng/g lipid in multipara breast milk, and 420 and 330 ng/g lipid in total breast milk. Dieldrin, heptachor epoxide, oxychlordane, trans-chlordane, and cis-chlordane were detected at lower average levels of 3, 4, 34, 41, and 5 ng/g lipid, respectively. By using high-resolution gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detec tion, dioxins were detected in all samples. Average levels of total polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), total polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), total PCDD + PCDF, total coplanar polychlorinatedbiphenyl (CoPCB), and total dioxin were 10.0, 7.8, 17.7, 9.9, and 27.5 TEQ (toxic equivalent) pg/g lipid, respectively, in primipara breast milk; 7.0, 5.8, 12.8, 7.3, and 20.1 TEQ pg/g lipid in multipara breast milk; and 8.9, 7.1, 16.1, 8.9, and 25.0 TEQ pg/g lipid in total breast milk. In primipara breast milk, significant correlations were found among levels of β-HCH, p,p’-DDE, total PCDD-TEQ, total PCDF-TEQ, total CoPCB-TEQ, and total TEQ except for less correlation between p,p’-DDE and total PCDF-TEQ. Levels of these analytes also significantly increased depending on mother’s age, except for total Co-PCB-TEQ. For the correlation with food habit, the only positive correlation was between total PCDF-TEQs and fish intake.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Quanz, Meaghan E., Tony R. Walker, Ken Oakes i Rob Willis. "Contaminant characterization in wetland media surrounding a pulp mill industrial effluent treatment facility". Wetlands Ecology and Management 29, nr 2 (10.01.2021): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-020-09779-0.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
AbstractThree media (sediment, surface water, and dragonfly larvae tissue) were collected from wetlands surrounding an industrial effluent treatment facility prior to closure. Samples were analyzed for metals, total mercury, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) concentrations. Sediment and surface water concentrations were compared to provincial and federal guidelines, as well as reference wetland concentrations. Exceedances of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, and PCDD/PCDF guidelines were found in deeper areas of wetlands historically contaminated from effluent, as well as wetlands exposed to current effluent inputs. Composite Libellulidae samples were collected from wetlands, and comparisons were made to reference tissue concentrations + 20%. Elevated As, Cu and Pb tissue concentrations were measured at two site wetlands, but total mercury (THg) and PCDD/PCDF reference tissue concentrations were higher than wetlands near the effluent treatment facility. Spearman rho tests identified a significant correlation between sediment and tissue Pb concentrations and between surface water and sediment THg concentrations. Results suggest relatively low ecological risk to macroinvertebrates within wetlands near the effluent treatment facility from current effluent inputs, and highlight strengths and weaknesses of federal and provincial guidelines.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Su, Shan Shan, i Yang Hui. "The Study of Environment Levels of Dioxins and Furans in a Typical Regional". Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (maj 2012): 769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.769.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Ambient air, tree bark, soil and river sediments were sampled by the investigation of the background levels from a typical regional without industrial pollution in southern China. The WHO-TEQ of PCDD/F (WHO-2005) were 0.0366±0.0126 pg/Nm3 in ambient air, 0.8863±0.6088 pg/g in tree bark, 3.2435±0.0651 pg/g in soil and 1.4795±0.1917 pg/g in river sediments, respectively. The levels of PCDF in ambient air and tree bark were generally a little lower than the PCDD levels, but the values of PCDD were tens, even thousands times high than the PCDF in the soil and river sediments. The scope plot of PCA indicated that the congener profiles of PCDD/Fs in the tree barks, soil and river sediments of Hezhou were similar, but different from the samples of ambient air.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Szymańska, Jadwiga, Barbara Frydrych, Paweł Struciński, Wiesław Szymczak, Agnieszka Hernik i Elżbieta Bruchajzer. "Polychlorinated dibezno-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)". Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 36, nr 1 (30.03.2020): 27–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7815.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Polychlorinated dibezno-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF) are compounds with similar structure, physicochemical and toxicological properties. They are not used commercially, they are formed as by-products during certain industrial processes, combustion, failures, etc. LD50 values (0.002-300 mg / kg) depend on the species of animal tested and the chemical structure of the compound. On chronic toxicity, the information available mainly relates to 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF. Potential routes of human exposure are: the digestive system, lungs and skin. These compounds are accumulated mainly in the liver and adipose tissue. Their polar metabolites may undergo conjugation with glucuronic acid and glutathione. The main routes of excretion are bile and feces. In mammals, PCDD / F are also eliminated in breast milk. The results of mutagenicity and genotoxicity tests of PCDD (mainly 2,3,7,8-TCDD) and PCDF and their effects on fertility and reproduction are inconsistent. Among PCDD and PCDF, the compound that most strongly affects fertility, reproduction and fetal development is 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Epidemiological studies are the basis for assessing the carcinogenic potential of dioxins (including 2,3,7,8-TCDD) and furans in humans. Cohorts include those professionally exposed to chlorophenols, phenoxyacetic herbicides and a mixture of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans. PCDD / F have a common mechanism of toxic action associated with the Ah receptor. PCDD / F are considered to be inducers of several enzymes (e.g. CYP1A) and modulators of hormones and growth factors. CYP1A1 activity is one of the most sensitive indicators of exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Adenocarcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas as well as bile ducts have been found in rats and mice after 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Tumor changes have also been observed in other organs. NTP studies also showed carcinogenic effects 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF. According to IARC, sufficient evidence of a carcinogenic effect on humans exists only for 2,3,7,8-TCDD (CAS: 1746-01-6) and 2,3,4,7,8 PeCDF (CAS: 57117-31-4). Other PCDD / F cannot be classified as carcinogenic to humans. The basis for determining the MAC value for the mixture of PCDD and PCDF was the results of the assessment of the risk of developing additional liver cancer in people exposed in the work environment for 2,3,7,8-TCDD in 2017. This risk was estimated at 1 · 10-4 for 40 years of exposure to the compound at a concentration of 18 pg / m3. In the case of combined exposure, the content of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in the tested samples, as well as their maximum acceptable levels are expressed in the form of the so-called toxicity equivalent (TEQ). For the PCDD and PCDF mixture, we propose the value of 18 pg WHO2006-TEQ / m3. The result expressed as pg WHO-TEQ / m3 is not a de facto concentration, but a determination of the toxicity of the mixture of dioxin and furan congeners contained in the sample in relation to TCDD. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Więcej źródeł

Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "PCDF"

1

Yang, Yun. "Temperature dependent PCDD/PCDF product distributions from phenols". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20182.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Moore, Paul 1962. "The Analysis of PCDD and PCDF Emissions from the Cofiring of Densified Refuse Derived Fuel and Coal". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330690/.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The United States leads the world in per capita production of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), generating approximately 200 million tons per year. By 2000 A.D. the US EPA predicts a 20% rise in these numbers. Currently the major strategies of MSW disposal are (i) landfill and (ii) incineration. The amount of landfill space in the US is on a rapid decline. There are -10,000 landfill sites in the country, of which only 65-70% are still in use. The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) predicts an 80% landfill closure rate in the next 20 years. The development of a viable energy resource from MSW, in the form of densified Refuse Derived Fuel (dRDF), provides solutions to the problems of MSW generation and fossil fuel depletions. Every 2 tons of MSW yields approximately 1 ton of dRDF. Each ton of dRDF has an energy equivalent of more than two barrels of oil. At current production rates the US is "throwing away" over 200,000,000 barrels of oil a year. In order to be considered a truly viable product dRDF must be extensively studied; in terms of it's cost of production, it's combustion properties, and it's potential for environmental pollution. In 1987 a research team from the University of North Texas, in conjunction with the US DOE and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), cofired over 550 tons of dRDF and bdRDF with a high sulfur Kentucky coal in a boiler at ANL. This work examines the emission rates of polychlorinated dioxins (PCDDs) and furans (PCDFs) during the combustion of the dRDF, bdRDF, and coal. Even at levels of 50% by Btu content of dRDF in the fuel feedstock, emission rates of PCDDs and PCDFs were below detection limits. The dRDF is shown to be an environmentally acceptable product, which could help resolve one of the major social and environmental problems facing this country today.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Weber, P. [Verfasser]. "Der Chlortransfer bei der Bildung von polychlorierten organischen Spurenstoffen (PCDD/PCDF) in industriellen thermischen Prozessen (Müllverbrennung) / P. Weber". Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2000. http://d-nb.info/1198219823/34.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Stark, Marie Luise [Verfasser]. "Transfer von Dioxinen (PCDD), Furanen (PCDF) und polychlorierten Biphenylen (PCB) aus dem Futter in ausgewählte Gewebe wachsender Schafe / Marie Luise Stark". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-refubium-31051-8.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Quinn, Laura Penelope. "Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in soil associated with an active incinerator in Potchefstroom, South Africa / L.P. Quinn". Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1013.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
POPs are a group of chemicals that have been extensively studied over the last few years. The main reason that these chemicals have received so much scientific attention is the myriad of negative effects they have on the environment and human health. The properties that cause the deleterious effects include a high molecular stability, rendering them highly persistent. Added to this is the lipophilic and hydrophobic nature of the compounds. POPs will thus tend to bio-accumulate and bio-magnify in the environment, causing a direct threat to humans and wildlife. To address this threat, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, under the supervision of United Nations Environment programme (UNEP), was initiated and became legally binding on 17 May 2004. All countries, including South Africa, which ratified this agreement, will be expected to monitor and regulate the formation of POPs. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are all members of the dioxin-like family of POPs. This family of chemicals pose serious health threats such as carcinogenic effects and negative effects on reproduction. These substances, with the exception of PCBs, are formed unintentionally as by-products of industrial and thermal processes. One of the main sources of dioxin-like chemicals is medical waste incinerators. In this project the area surrounding a medical waste incinerator was monitored using a bio-assay technique. The determination of dioxin concentrations is usually preformed by chemical analysis, however, bio-assays have proven themselves to be a cheaper and time-saving screening method. The Toxic Equivalency Quotient (TEQs) determined through bio-assays can support chemical analysis in determining biologically-relevant risk assessments since bio-assay data has ecotoxicological relevance. These assays represent an integrated biological response to chemical pollutants, where biological effects are accounted for which is not possible in chemical analyses. One of the bio-assays used in the determination of the dioxin-like chemical TEQ is the H411 E reporter gene bio-assay. This assay is based on the Ah-receptor mediated toxicity of dioxin-like chemicals. Using this technique the TEQs for areas surrounding an active incinerator were determined, to indicate the distribution of these substances. The TEQs for the soil samples collected ranged between nondetectable and 154 ngTEQ/kg. There was no clear distributional pattern and the total organic carbon content in the soil did not seem to play a crucial role in the distribution of dioxin-like chemicals. Although a decrease in soil tillage showed a corresponding increase in TEQ. The predominant wind direction was taken into account but no correlation could be seen. However, meteorological parameters such as the ambient temperature and low precipitation in the area may have contributed to lower TEQ values. Cytotoxicity excluded data points and the phenomenon has to be addressed. High TEQ values in a residential area where free-range chickens are raised pose a serious concern to the level of dietary dioxin-like chemical intake. Eggs in the area could theoretically contain between 2.75 and 28.75 pgTEQ/g egg fat. Further studies are needed to determine how much dioxin-like chemicals are being transferred to humans through the consumption of free-range eggs
Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Gaus, Caroline, i n/a. "Dioxins in the Marine Environment: Sources, Pathways and Fate of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Queensland, Australia". Griffith University. School of Public Health, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030624.144111.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDFs) are two groups of lipophilic, persistent organic pollutants that are produced as by-products of various anthropogenic and industrial processes. Due to their relatively high toxic potencies and potential to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in organisms and through the food chain, the contemporary widespread distribution of these compounds is a concern to the health of the environment, wildlife and humans. This study determined the distribution, pathways and fate of PCDD/Fs in the coastal zone of Queensland, Australia, including the inshore marine environment of the World Heritage Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. This ecosystem supports unique fauna and flora such as the marine herbivorous mammal dugong (Dugong dugon) and its food source, seagrass. Elevated PCDD/Fs were present in soils and sediments along the entire Queensland coastline. Highest concentrations were found in soil from agricultural irrigation drains and in sediments near the mouths of major rivers. Elevated concentrations were associated with rural and urban types of land-use, and PCDD/Fs were present even in locations remote from anthropogenic activities. PCDD/F congener-specific analysis revealed an unusual profile in all samples, dominated by OCDD, with PCDFs present in low concentrations or below the limit of detection. Distinct HxCDD isomer patterns were observed, with the 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD/1,2,3,4,6,7-HxCDD isomer pair dominating the 2,3,7,8-substituted HxCDDs. Similar congener and isomer characteristics were reported in sediments, soil and clay samples from other continents, but could not be attributed to any known source. Possible PCDD/F sources in Queensland were assessed using segmented estuarine sediment cores, for which radiochemical chronologies were established for each depth. Variations of PCDD/F concentrations in the sediment cores over several centuries of depositional history were relatively small. Elevated PCDD levels were still present in sediment slices from the early 17th century. PCDD/F homologue profiles in sediments deposited during the last 350 years were almost identical and correlated well to the characteristic profiles observed in surface sediments and soils from the entire Queensland coastline. These results suggested the presence of an unidentified PCDD source prior to the production of commercial organochlorine products. To investigate the formation of the unusual PCDD/F profiles, congener and isomer specific analyses were undertaken in soils, sediments and dated sediment cores. The results demonstrated that specific transformation processes in the environment have resulted in the observed PCDD profile characteristics. Dechlorination of OCDD was proposed to result in distinct 1,4-pattern characteristics (i.e. formation of isomers chlorinated in the 1,4,6,9-positions). Consequently, the environmental samples do not reflect the signatures of the original source. An alternative hypothesis to natural formation is discussed evaluating these processes and their implications for possible source contributions. This hypothesis explores the potential for the influence of anthropogenic PCDD precursors (e.g. pentachlorophenol) during the 1940s to 1990s. Transport of PCDD/Fs from the land-based source via impacted tributary river systems, and subsequent deposition processes are proposed to result in PCDD/F accumulation in the inshore marine ecosystem. The extent of the sediment PCDD/F contamination governs the concentrations in the extensive inshore marine seagrass meadows of Queensland. Partitioning processes in the sediment-seagrass system lead to increased toxic equivalency (TEQ) in the seagrass, compared to sediment.The relationship between contaminated inshore sediments, seagrass and dugongs were evaluated using six dugong habitat regions along the coastline. PCDD/F body burdens in dugongs are governed by sediment (and seagrass) PCDD/F concentrations in their habitat. High seagrass (and incidental sediment) ingestion rates, selective retention of toxicologically potent congeners and relatively low PCDD/F elimination capacities in dugongs are proposed to result in elevated PCDD/F concentrations and TEQ levels in adult animals. Transfer efficiencies of 4 and 27% of maternal TEQ levels to foetuses and calves (respectively) during gestation and lactation result in relatively high exposure potentials to offspring. Compared to no-observed-adverse-effect-levels in other mammals, and based on the results of this study, a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 10-24 pg TEQ kg-1 day-1 was estimated for dugongs. The results of the present study found that dugongs from some regions along the coastline of Queensland exceed this TDI by up to 20 fold, suggesting that these populations may be at risk from PCDD/F contamination in their habitat. These results have important implications for the health of the environment, wildlife and humans and were used to develop a conceptual understanding of the sources, pathways and fate of dioxins in Queensland, Australia.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Gaus, Caroline. "Dioxins in the Marine Environment: Sources, Pathways and Fate of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Queensland, Australia". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367537.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDFs) are two groups of lipophilic, persistent organic pollutants that are produced as by-products of various anthropogenic and industrial processes. Due to their relatively high toxic potencies and potential to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in organisms and through the food chain, the contemporary widespread distribution of these compounds is a concern to the health of the environment, wildlife and humans. This study determined the distribution, pathways and fate of PCDD/Fs in the coastal zone of Queensland, Australia, including the inshore marine environment of the World Heritage Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. This ecosystem supports unique fauna and flora such as the marine herbivorous mammal dugong (Dugong dugon) and its food source, seagrass. Elevated PCDD/Fs were present in soils and sediments along the entire Queensland coastline. Highest concentrations were found in soil from agricultural irrigation drains and in sediments near the mouths of major rivers. Elevated concentrations were associated with rural and urban types of land-use, and PCDD/Fs were present even in locations remote from anthropogenic activities. PCDD/F congener-specific analysis revealed an unusual profile in all samples, dominated by OCDD, with PCDFs present in low concentrations or below the limit of detection. Distinct HxCDD isomer patterns were observed, with the 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD/1,2,3,4,6,7-HxCDD isomer pair dominating the 2,3,7,8-substituted HxCDDs. Similar congener and isomer characteristics were reported in sediments, soil and clay samples from other continents, but could not be attributed to any known source. Possible PCDD/F sources in Queensland were assessed using segmented estuarine sediment cores, for which radiochemical chronologies were established for each depth. Variations of PCDD/F concentrations in the sediment cores over several centuries of depositional history were relatively small. Elevated PCDD levels were still present in sediment slices from the early 17th century. PCDD/F homologue profiles in sediments deposited during the last 350 years were almost identical and correlated well to the characteristic profiles observed in surface sediments and soils from the entire Queensland coastline. These results suggested the presence of an unidentified PCDD source prior to the production of commercial organochlorine products. To investigate the formation of the unusual PCDD/F profiles, congener and isomer specific analyses were undertaken in soils, sediments and dated sediment cores. The results demonstrated that specific transformation processes in the environment have resulted in the observed PCDD profile characteristics. Dechlorination of OCDD was proposed to result in distinct 1,4-pattern characteristics (i.e. formation of isomers chlorinated in the 1,4,6,9-positions). Consequently, the environmental samples do not reflect the signatures of the original source. An alternative hypothesis to natural formation is discussed evaluating these processes and their implications for possible source contributions. This hypothesis explores the potential for the influence of anthropogenic PCDD precursors (e.g. pentachlorophenol) during the 1940s to 1990s. Transport of PCDD/Fs from the land-based source via impacted tributary river systems, and subsequent deposition processes are proposed to result in PCDD/F accumulation in the inshore marine ecosystem. The extent of the sediment PCDD/F contamination governs the concentrations in the extensive inshore marine seagrass meadows of Queensland. Partitioning processes in the sediment-seagrass system lead to increased toxic equivalency (TEQ) in the seagrass, compared to sediment.The relationship between contaminated inshore sediments, seagrass and dugongs were evaluated using six dugong habitat regions along the coastline. PCDD/F body burdens in dugongs are governed by sediment (and seagrass) PCDD/F concentrations in their habitat. High seagrass (and incidental sediment) ingestion rates, selective retention of toxicologically potent congeners and relatively low PCDD/F elimination capacities in dugongs are proposed to result in elevated PCDD/F concentrations and TEQ levels in adult animals. Transfer efficiencies of 4 and 27% of maternal TEQ levels to foetuses and calves (respectively) during gestation and lactation result in relatively high exposure potentials to offspring. Compared to no-observed-adverse-effect-levels in other mammals, and based on the results of this study, a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 10-24 pg TEQ kg-1 day-1 was estimated for dugongs. The results of the present study found that dugongs from some regions along the coastline of Queensland exceed this TDI by up to 20 fold, suggesting that these populations may be at risk from PCDD/F contamination in their habitat. These results have important implications for the health of the environment, wildlife and humans and were used to develop a conceptual understanding of the sources, pathways and fate of dioxins in Queensland, Australia.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Public Health
Faculty of Health Sciences
Full Text
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Lundin, Lisa. "Formation and degradation of PCDD/F in waste incineration ashes". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1395.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Gao, Qiuju. "Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in thermochemical conversion of biomass : formation, distribution and fingerprints". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118861.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
In the transition to a sustainable energy supply there is an increasing need to use biomass for replacement of fossil fuel. A key challenge is to utilize biomass conversion technologies in an environmentally sound manner. Important aspects are to minimize potential formation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. This thesis involves studies of formation characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and naphthalenes (PCNs) in microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) and torrefaction using biomass as feedstock. The research focuses are on their levels, distributions, fingerprints (homologue profiles and isomer patterns) and the underlying formation pathways. The study also included efforts to optimize methods for extracting chlorinated aromatic compounds from thermally treated biomass. The overall objective was to contribute better understanding on the formation of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in low temperature thermal processes. The main findings include the following: Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is applicable for simultaneous extraction of PCDDs, PCDFs, PCNs, polychlorinated phenols and benzenes from thermally treated wood. The choice of solvent for PLE is critical, and the extraction efficiency depends on the degrees of biomass carbonization. In MAP experiments PCDDs, PCDFs and PCNs were predominantly found in pyrolysis oils, while in torrefaction experiments they were mainly retained in solid chars with minor fractions in volatiles. In both cases, highly chlorinated congeners with low volatility tended to retain on particles whereas the less chlorinated congeners tended to volatize into the gas phase. Isomer patterns of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCNs generated in MAP were more selective than those reported in combustion processes. The presence of isomers with low thermodynamic stability suggests that the pathway of POPs formation in MAP may be governed not only by thermodynamic stabilities but also by kinetic factors. Formation of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCNs depends not only on the chlorine contents in biomass but also the presence of metal catalysts and organic/metal-based preservatives. Overall, the results provide information on the formation characteristics of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCNs in MAP and torrefaction. The obtained knowledge is useful regarding management and utilization of thermally treated biomass with minimum environmental impact.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Swiegelaar, Caitlin Reneé. "The effect of different sample preparatory protocols on the induction of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the H4IIE-luc reporter gene bio-assay / Caitlin Reneé Swiegelaar". Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9702.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Concern on a global scale gave rise to the founding of the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with a view to restrict the use and production of these toxic chemicals. As a signatory, South Africa is legally bound to abide to the Convention’s objectives, including participating in relevant research and monitoring. However, developing countries such as South Africa have limited information concerning POPs, partially because these countries do not have sufficient analytical capabilities, and thus method development and refinement are necessary. One group of POPs consisting of polychlorinated dibenzo-pdioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), collectively referred to as dioxins, are of particular concern due to their high toxicity and persistence. Additionally, the analysis of dioxins is recognised as one of the most analytically challenging of its kind. This study investigated the effect of different preparatory protocols on the semi-quantification of dioxins using the H4IIE-luc-reporter gene assay. The protocols evaluated were either Soxhlet or pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) combined with a manual acid digestion, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Florisil fractionation clean-up procedure as well as the automated Total Rapid Prep™(TRP) system which makes use of a PLE combined with a multi-layer silica, alumina and carbon column clean-up procedure. To evaluate the protocols, an eight point matrix matched calibration curve, two soil samples and a certified reference material (CRM) were used. The extracts were semi-quantified by the H4IIE-luc bio-assay. During the course of the assay, the appropriateness of different standards was investigated, and a mixed standard containing all 17 toxic PCDD/Fs was chosen for quantification. During the data review process, higher bioassay equivalent (BEQ) values were obtained from PLE compared to Soxhlet extraction, while no statistically significant difference (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA: p > 0.05) was found between the assay quantifications for the different preparatory techniques. However, the results of the H4IIE bio-assay were larger than the expected values. The identity of the chemicals that were in all likelihood responsible for the higher response was investigated through instrumental analysis using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). Instrumental results indicated a high level of PAHs in the extracts, which could lead to super induction of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and therefore, to a positive bias in the results. Instrumental screening proved that all selected preparatory protocols were inadequate at removing interfering compounds and not sufficiently selective for PCDD/Fs, although the TRP was more successful in removing interferences. The high matrix interference hindered peak identification. Additionally, as indicated by instrumental analysis, the weak recovery of PCDD/Fs could be ascribed to high evaporation temperatures. The effect of different reference standards in the H4IIE bio-assay used during semi-quantification needs further investigation; similarly, the optimisation of extraction, evaporation and clean-up protocols and the use of different GCxGC-TOFMS column combinations aimed at more efficient separation needs to be investigated. The assistance of the National Metrology Institute (funded through the Department of Trade and Industry) towards this research is hereby acknowledged.
Thesis (MSc (Environmental Sciences))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Więcej źródeł

Książki na temat "PCDF"

1

Steer, P. Ambient air sampling for PCDD/PCDF near two pulp mills in northern Ontario. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1992.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Hodakov, Viktor. Natural environment and human activity. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1194879.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The monograph describes the influence of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions on human life and socio-economic systems, which are considered as regions, territories of Eastern Europe. The natural and climatic factors (PCFs) characterizing the natural environment of Eastern Europe (Russia and Ukraine) and Western (England and France) are considered. Eastern Europe is in the zone of negative PCFs, close to critical. The influence of the PCF on the vital activity of the state and man is systematically described: mentality, systemic thinking, human health, ensuring the safety of life, sustainability of development, agricultural production, housing and communal services, construction, industry, information security, parrying of the PCF, the influence of the PCF on the development of science and education. Climate change trends at the global and regional levels are also described. Estimates of the impact of the PCF on the economy of the state and regions, recommendations on the adaptation of the economy to the PCF, the relationship of information security and information about the PCF, information technologies for assessing the sustainability of development and investment attractiveness of territories, conceptual foundations of state anti-crisis management of socio-economic systems are presented. It is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the field of life safety, computer ecological and economic monitoring. It can be used to educate society in the field of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Photos d'identité: PCF, 70 ans. Paris: Messidor, 1990.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

1968-, Liaigre Franck, red. Les listes noires du PCF. Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 2008.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

L'archipel communiste: Une histoire électorale du PCF. Paris: Editions sociales, 2008.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Serrano, C. L' enjeu espagnol: PCF et guerre d'Espagne. Paris: Messidor, 1987.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Martelli, Roger. L'archipel communiste: Une histoire électorale du PCF. Paris: Editions sociales, 2008.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Calabuig, Bernard. Un itinéraire communiste: Du PCF à l'altercommunisme. Paris: Éditions Syllepse, 2014.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

PCF: De la mutation à la liquidation. Monaco: Éditions du Rocher, 2005.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Kriegel, Annie. Eugen Fried: Le grand secret du PCF. Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1997.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Więcej źródeł

Części książek na temat "PCDF"

1

Neumann, G., A. Hülster i H. Marschner. "Identifizierung PCDD/PCDF-Mobilisierender Verbindungen in Wurzelexsudaten von Zucchini". W Rhizosphärenprozesse, Umweltstreß und Ökosystemstabilität, 167–75. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-83429-4_20.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Roth, Rolf, Günther Scholz i H. J. Jürgens. "Process for PCDD and PCDF Removal from Contaminated Soil". W Contaminated Soil ’88, 819–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2807-7_129.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Först, C., L. Stieglitz i G. Zwick. "Isomer-Specific Determination of PCDD/PCDF in Water Leachate of a Waste Landfill". W Organic Micropollutants in the Aquatic Environment, 52–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2989-0_6.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Dudzińska, Marzenna R., Zdzisław Kozak i Lucjan Pawłowski. "An Attempt to Estimate the PCDF/PCDD Emissions from Waste Incinerated in Cement Kilns". W Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment 3, 173–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9664-3_21.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Dudzińska, Marzenna R., i Zdzisław Kozak. "PCDF/D Emission from Waste Utilisation in Cement Kilns". W Thermal Solid Waste Utilisation in Regular and Industrial Facilities, 29–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4213-1_4.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Wade, Richard L. "Development of Decontamination Guidelines for PCB/PCDF and PCDD Decontamination in Areas of High Exposure Potential". W Hazards, Decontamination, and Replacement of PCB, 101–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0747-1_6.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Donato, Dominique M., Steven K. Hanks, Kenneth A. Jacobson, M. P. Suresh Jayasekara, Zhan-Guo Gao, Francesca Deflorian, John Papaconstantinou i in. "pCAF". W Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1348. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101003.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Gooch, Jan W. "PCF". W Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 521. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8483.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Braun-Falco, Markus, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Markus Braun-Falco, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber i in. "PCD". W Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1592. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_6932.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

You, Linya, Kezhi Yan i Xiang-Jiao Yang. "PCAF Lysine Acetyltransferase". W Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 3795–803. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_511.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Streszczenia konferencji na temat "PCDF"

1

Pongpiachan, S., T. Wiriwutikorn, C. Rungruang, K. Yodden, A. Sbrilli, M. Gobbi i C. Centeno. "Occupational exposure to PCDD/PCDF from industrial boilers at a whisky factory and vegetable oil factory in Samutsakorn Province, Thailand". W SAFE 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/safe130701.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Joannes, Luc, Olivier Dupont, Jean-Luc Dewandel, Renaud Ligot i Hervé Algrain. "Optical system for the protein crystallisation diagnostics facility (PCDF) of board the ISS". W International Conference on Space Optics 2004, redaktorzy Josiane Costeraste i Errico Armandillo. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2500120.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

De Smet, Liesbeth, Saliha Klai, Klaas Decanniere i Etienne Haumont. "Meticulous Preparation and On-the-Fly Flexibility Enable Successful PCDF PROTEIN Mission On ISS". W SpaceOps 2010 Conference: Delivering on the Dream (Hosted by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center and Organized by AIAA). Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-2355.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Herrlander, Bo. "Novel Gas Cleaning With Integrated Energy Recovery". W 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5415.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
High-energy recovery combined with low emissions to air and water was targeted when Jo¨nko¨ping Energi planned their new Waste to Energy plant at Torsvik in Sweden. The plant is compliant with the new EU Industry Directive and the Waste Frame Directive R-formula, which defines energy recovery levels for recycle of energy. In total about 160 000 tons of municipal (40%) and commercial waste (60%) is annually converted into usable energy. The average heat value is 11,7 MJ/kg. The energy produced is a combination of electricity (14 MWe) and heat (42–56 MWth, depending on electricity production). The heat is recovered both in a boiler and in a condenser. The flue gas condensing system is combined with a heat pump (10 MWth) to optimize the heat recovery rate. The plant is designed to fulfill the requirements set by the Swedish authorities, which are more stringent than the EU emission requirements. Some examples of the plant emissions to air guarantees: dust 5, HCl 5, SO2 20, HF1, Hg 0,03, Cd+Tl 0,05, other HM 0,5 all in mg/Nm3 and dioxin 0,05 ng/Nm3. The flue gas cleaning upstream of the condenser consists of a combination of a semi-dry system and a wet scrubber. The gas cleaning system operating range goes from 60 000 up to 127 000 Nm3/h depending on load and fuel heat value. The semi-dry system is carrying out the major part of the gas cleaning and is sufficient to comply with the air regulations. However, in order to minimize the treatment of the condensate from the condenser the wet scrubber is installed after the semi-dry system and upstream the condenser. The blow down from the scrubber is reused within the plant. Thus the polishing scrubber secures minimal treatment of the condensate to comply with the local stringent limits, particular chlorides, before release to the recipient lake Munksjo¨n. Emissions to water were 2010 nitrogen 1,7 mg/l, Cl <3,6 mg/l, As 0,66 μg/l, Cd <0,07 μg/l, Cr <6 μg/l, Cu 0,8 μg/l, Hg <0,4 μg/l, Ni <0,66 μg/l, Pb<1,2 μg/l, Tl<1,3 μg/l, Zn<7,2 μg/l and PCDD/PCDF 0,0088 ng/l. In the wet scrubber acid stage residual HCl and excess ammonia from the SNCR system are removed. The latter compound is important to capture in order to prevent eutrophication. The combination of a semidry and a wet system enables an optimization of the flue gas cleaning with regard to the different operating situations, taking into account seasonal demand variations as well as fuel alterations. The concept has demonstrated very low emissions combined with low consumption of lime. The possibility to optimize the flue gas cleaning performance is a prerequisite for minimal condensate treatment and optimal energy recovery. The paper will describe the system and the operating experiences.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Scarborough, Patrick T., Howard L. Hendrix, Matt D. Davidson, Xiaofeng Guan, Robert S. Dahlin i E. Carl Landham. "Power Systems Development Facility: High Temperature, High Pressure Filter System Operations in a Combustion Gas". W ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-343.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) is a Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored engineering scale demonstration of two advanced coal-fired power systems. Particulate cleanup is achieved by several High Temperature, High Pressure (HTHP) gas filtration systems. The PSDF was designed at sufficient scale so that advanced power systems and components could be tested in an integrated fashion to provide confidence and data for commercial scale-up. This paper provides an operations summary of a Siemens-Westinghouse Particulate Control Device (PCD) filtering combustion gas from a Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR) transport reactor located at the PSDF. The transport reactor is an advanced circulating fluidized bed reactor designed to operate as either a combustor or a gasifier. Particulate cleanup is achieved by using one of two PCDs, located downstream of the transport reactor. As of the end of 1998, the transport reactor has operated on coal as a combustor for over 3500 hours. To date, filter elements from 3M, Blasch, Coors, Allied Signal (DuPont), IF&P, McDermott, Pall, Schumacher and Specific Surface have been tested up to 1400°F in the Siemens-Westinghouse PCD. The PSDF has a unique capability for the collection of samples of suspended dust entering and exiting the PCD with Southern Research Institute’s (SRI) in-situ particulate sampling systems. These systems have operated successfully and have proven to be invaluable assets. Isokinetic samples using a batch sampler, a cascade impactor and a cyclone manifold have provided valuable data to support the operation of the transport reactor and the PCD. Southern Research Institute has also supported the PSDF by conducting filter element material testing.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Jiang, Chuan, Sanjay Rao i Mohit Tawarmalani. "PCF". W SIGCOMM '20: Annual conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication on the applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3387514.3405858.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Yamaguchi, Keishi, Takumi Sugimoto, Minoru Ota i Kai Egashira. "Micro Grooving of Cemented Carbide Using PCD Blade". W JSME 2020 Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing/Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/lemp2020-8579.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Abstract Ultra–Agile Advanced Manufacturing System (U–AMS) has been proposed for an agile prototyping system of research and development, and Super Processing Center (SPC) has been developing as a core machine tool of U–AMS. SPC has high accuracy and rigidity by double column structure based on a vertical precision machining center, hydrostatic oil guides and hydro static/dynamic hybrid oil bearing. In addition, SPC can perform various processing functions by mounting various processing units. Micro grooving by grinding has been researching for one of the SPC unit. PCD blade was developed for micro grooving using SPC. PCD blade was made from PCD disc using wire electrical discharge machining. This paper describes the fabrication method of PCD blade, and the machining characteristics of cemented carbide using PCD blade. In the fabrication method of PCD blade, it was clarified that the cross-sectional shape of PCD blade depended on the feed speed of wire electrode. Micro grooving on cemented carbide surface was performed using developed PCD blade and SPC. As a result, it was confirmed that the micro grooves can be machined using PCD blade, and the width of groove was almost same value as the width of PCD blade. The wear of PCD blade after grooving with 200 grooves was estimated by the depth of grooves. As a result, it was clarified that the wear of PCD blade is approximately 5 μm.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Beloiu, Alexandru S., i Krishna C. Gupta. "An Algebraic-Geometrical Method for the Identification and Elimination of Circuit Defect". W ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/mech-1658.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Abstract In this paper, an algebraic-geometrical method is proposed which unifies the resolution of the circuit defect, and full or partial input link rotatability in mechanism synthesis. The circuit defect is a gross motion defect. Starting from the follower link, the method develops algebraic curves of 20th order (H20 = 0), in a body reference system, which define the boundaries of the regions where the choice of the floating pin of the driving (input) link either would yield a mechanism free of branch and circuit defects, or most likely would yield potential-circuit-defective-mechanisms (PCDM). The point (B) representing the floating pin of the follower (BA) is a quadruple point of this curve. Therefore, polar rays passing through this point (B) yield from H20, effectively, a nontrivial polynomial in one variable of 16th order, thus simplifying the root finding problem. This analytical method also enables the unification of the PCDM regions with the branch defect regions (due to Filemon) and those for the design of mechanisms with transmission angle within prescribed limits (due to Gupta). The main conclusion is that to avoid branch and circuit defects, avoid the Filemon-defective regions as well as the portions of the PCDM-regions which lie in the Filemon-feasible regions. Interestingly, large portions of the PCDM-region are within the Filemon-defective region and are therefore easily excluded. It has been our experience that the circuit defect, which is a gross motion defect, does not occur frequently; in many examples, the entire PCDM-region was contained in the Filemon-defective region. However, the Filemon-feasible region may contain portions of the PCDM-region and this sub-region must be examined for potentially circuit defective mechanisms. The method is developed and illustrated with examples for the planar four-bar mechanisms, some of the numerical aspects of the solution are also discussed here.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Waizenegger, Kevin, Athanasios Papanikolaou, Moritz Rudolf, Markus Koller i Sabine Klinkner. "Development and testing of the 3U+ CubeSat PCDU for SOURCE". W Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.047.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
SOURCE (Stuttgart Operated University CubeSat for Evaluation and Education) is a 3U+ re-search CubeSat that is being developed by students at the University of Stuttgart in coopera-tion with the Institute for Space Systems and the Small Satellite Student Society KSat e.V.. The objectives include technology demonstrations, atmospheric research and the investigation of satellite demise while also serving as an educational program. SOURCE was selected by ESA's "Fly your Satellite" program and is currently in Phase D. The electrical power supply system combines commercial off-the-shelf parts with self-devel-oped units to meet the requirements of the payloads. The solar array configuration and Power Conditioning and Distribution Unit (PCDU) are self-developed, while the battery is a commer-cial product. A total of 56 solar cells provides up to 32W under ideal conditions, which can be stored in a 75Wh space-qualified lithium-ion battery. To maximise the power output of the solar cells, maximum power point tracking is performed by the PCDU. This is controlled by a radiation hardened microcontroller. The PCDU provides regulated 3.3V, 5V and unregulated battery voltage to the subsystems with 32 switchable outputs, 27 of which are latch-up current protected. The microcontroller controls these individual output channels and the switching between the various CubeSat modes as commanded by the on-board computer. Additionally, every output channel power consumption is monitored for overcurrents. The PCDU functions as a watchdog by checking the health of the on-board computer, rebooting it in case of a failure. High priority commands can be sent directly to the PCDU from the ground via the communication system, bypassing the on-board computer. These can reset either the communication subsystem, the on-board computer or the entire satellite. Four hybrid inhibits, using a combination of mechanical switches and FETs are integrated in the PCDU, replacing the usual fully mechanical design. Three are used to deactivate the satellite in the deployer configuration and the fourth is a remove-before-flight inhibit. An engineering model was manufactured during phase C and is being tested functionally, en-vironmentally and for performance. This paper presents the detailed design of the PCDU, the acquired test results and outlines issues encountered during the tests
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Kimis, Thabata Regina Prosdos, i Nelson Alexandre Paulino. "Mobilidade Autônoma para PCDs". W XXVIII SIMPÓSIO INTERNACIONAL DE ENGENHARIA AUTOMOTIVA. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/simea2021-pap126.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Raporty organizacyjne na temat "PCDF"

1

Thoreson, Gregory G. PCF File Format. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1378172.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Thoreson, Gregory. PCF File Format. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1762353.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Lugar, R. M. Results of monitoring for PCDDs and PCDFs in ambient air at McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10192134.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Long, Kevin, i Craig Hamel. Stabilized Hyperfoam Modeling of the General Plastics EF4003 (3 PCF) Flexible Foam. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), czerwiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1870771.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Schenten, Julian. Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) und die Anreizsituation der Akteure in den Wertschöpfungsketten – Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Unternehmensverbänden. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627284.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Wer den Carbon Footprint für ein Produkt (Product Carbon Footprint oder PCF) ermitteln will, benötigt zu allen Abschnitten im Lebensweg des Produkts Daten zum Ausstoß klimarelevanter Gase. Das Unternehmen, das den PCF für eines seiner Erzeugnisse errechnen möchte, ist daher darauf angewiesen, dass unterschiedliche Akteure – entlang des produktspezifischen Lebenswegs, aber auch im eigenen Betrieb oder Konzernverbund – kooperieren. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Anreiz- und Hemmnissituation von Akteuren in den Wertschöpfungsketten von Produkten. Analysiert werden sowohl der Akteur, der sein Produkt bilanzieren möchte, als auch die vor- und ggf. nachgelagerten Akteure, die zu diesem Zweck ihre Daten übermitteln müssen. Die Haupterkenntnisquelle der Untersuchung speist sich aus empirischen Befunden, die im Rahmen von Interviews gewonnen wurden oder aus den Fallstudien im Projekt „Unternehmensvorteile durch Umweltmanagement entlang der Wertschöpfungskette und durch Verbraucherinformation – Chancen und Rahmenbedingungen für die Bestimmung und die Kommunikation des CO2-Fußabdrucks von Produkten, insbesondere für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (PCF-KMU)“ stammen. Ziel ist es,- einen wissenschaftlichen Beitrag im Hinblick auf die Anreiz- und Hemmnis-situation von Akteuren bezüglich des PCF zu leisten;- Unternehmen Anhaltspunkte zu liefern, welche Faktoren in Bezug auf die Interessenlagen der anderen Akteure zu berücksichtigen sind, wenn es den PCF für eines seiner Produkte ermitteln möchte;- Handlungsoptionen aufzuzeigen, wie sich der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen modifizieren ließen, um Hemmnisse hinsichtlich des PCF abzubauen. Abschnitt 3 nimmt eine Präzisierung des Untersuchungsgegenstands vor. Daraufhin erläutert Abschnitt 4 das methodische Vorgehen. Die Anreizanalyse findet sich dann in Abschnitt 5, wobei eine Systematisierung anhand unterschiedlicher Einflussfaktoren auf die Handlungen der Akteure erfolgt, die Abschnitt 6 in einem Fazit zusammenführt. Zuletzt enthält Abschnitt 7 die aus den Befunden abgeleiteten Gestaltungsoptionen.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Buttyan, Ralph. Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada484469.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Buttyan, Ralph. Targeted Elimination of PCDH-PC Expressing Prostate Cancer Cells for Control of Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada502325.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Izhar, Shamay, Maureen Hanson i Nurit Firon. Expression of the Mitochondrial Locus Associated with Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Petunia. United States Department of Agriculture, luty 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7604933.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The main goal of the proposed research was to continue the mutual investigations into the molecular basis of CMS and male fertility restoration [MRF], with the ultimate goal of understanding these phenomena in higher plants. The experiments focused on: (1) dissecting apart the complex CMS - specific mitochondrial S-Pcf locus, in order to distinguish its essential parts which cause sterility from other parts and study its molecular evolution. (2) Studying the expression of the various regions of the S-Pcf locus in fertile and sterile lines and comparing the structure and ultrastructure of sterile and fertile tissues. (3) Determine whether alteration in respiration is genetically associated with CMS. Our mutual investigations further substantiated the association between the S-Pcf locus and CMS by the findings that the fertile phenotype of a population of unstable petunia somatic hybrids which contain the S-Pcf locus, is due to the presence of multiple muclear fertility restoration genes in this group of progenies. The information obtained by our studies indicate that homologous recombination played a major role in the molecular evolution of the S-Pcf locus and the CMS trait and in the generation of mitochondrial mutations in general. Our data suggest that the CMS cytoplasm evolved by introduction of a urs-s containing sublimon into the main mitochondrial genome via homologous recombination. We have also found that the first mutation detected so far in S-Pcf is a consequence of a homologous recombination mechanism involving part of the cox2 coding sequence. In all the cases studied by us, at the molecular level, we found that fusion of two different cells caused mitochondrial DNA recombination followed by sorting out of a specific mtDNA population or sequences. This sequence of events suggested as a mechanism for the generation of novel mitochondrial genomes and the creation of new traits. The present research also provides data concerning the expression of the recombined and complex CMS-specific S-Pcf locus as compared with the expression of additional mitochondrial proteins as well as comparative histological and ultrastructural studies of CMS and fertile Petunia. Evidence is provided for differential localization of mitochondrially encoded proteins in situ at the tissue level. The similar localization patterns of Pcf and atpA may indicate that Pcf product could interfere with the functioning of the mitochondrial ATPase in a tissue undergoing meiosis and microsporogenesis. Studies of respiration in CMS and fertile Petunia lines indicate that they differe in the partitioning of electron transport through the cytochrome oxidase and alternative oxidase pathways. The data indicate that the electron flux through the two oxidase pathways differs between mitochondria from fertile and sterile Petunia lines at certain redox states of the ubiquinone pool. In summary, extensive data concerning the CMS-specific S-Pcf locus of Petunia at the DNA and protein levels as well as information concerning different biochemical activity in CMS as compared to male fertile lines have been accumulated during the three years of this project. In addition, the involvement of the homologous recombination mechanism in the evolution of mt encoded traits is emphasized.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Cooley, Craig, H., Michael,, M. Khonsari i Brent Lingwall. The Development of Open Water-lubricated Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) Thrust Bearings for Use in Marine Hydrokinetic (MHK) Energy Machines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1056274.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Sandoval Rincón, Diana Marcela. Accesibilidad a servicios de agua y saneamiento, energía y transporte para personas con discapacidad en América Latina y el Caribe. Inter-American Development Bank, wrzesień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003613.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
La falta de accesibilidad en servicios públicos depende de contextos culturales, económicos, sociales y geográficos, entre otros, así como del tipo de discapacidad que una persona pueda tener. Dependiendo de estas variables, se presentarán barreras más o menos profundas y/o complejas. El documento recoge investigaciones y estudios de caso sobre las barreras físicas, sociales y comunicacionales que enfrentan las Personas con Discapacidad (PcD) para el acceso a servicios públicos en el sector de la Infraestructura y la Energía, específicamente en las áreas de Agua y Saneamiento, Energía y Transporte. En este trabajo se describen los tipos de barreras (arquitectónica, urbanística, a la comunicación y electrónica), asociadas a la prestación de los servicios públicos de agua y saneamiento, energía y transporte. Se identifican barreras de acceso y buenas prácticas (ejemplos cercanos e internacionales, de Estado, empresas públicas y privadas) de accesibilidad a los servicios públicos de PcD, para así generar lineamientos que minimicen y en lo posible eliminen las barreras de accesibilidad. Finalmente, en las conclusiones se presentan las oportunidades de mejora que se pueden implementar para eliminar-o reducir- las barreras de acceso a los servicios públicos.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Możesz być także zainteresowany rozszerzonymi bibliografiami na temat „PCDF” dla poszczególnych typów źródeł:
Artykuły w czasopismach Rozprawy doktorskie Książki
Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!

Do bibliografii