Artykuły w czasopismach: „Parkland”

1

Deutsch, J. I. "Parkland". Journal of American History 101, nr 1 (22.05.2014): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau218.

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Zlot, Amy I., i Tom L. Schmid. "Relationships among Community Characteristics and Walking and Bicycling for Transportation or Recreation". American Journal of Health Promotion 19, nr 4 (marzec 2005): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-19.4.314.

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Purpose. Compare walking and bicycling for transportation and recreation with the percentage of the community devoted to parklands. Methods. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 206,992), Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (N = 409,025), and Trust for Public Land (N = 55) data were used to estimate recreational walking and bicycling, utilitarian walking and bicycling, and parkland as a percentage of city acreage. Data were linked at the metropolitan statistical area or city level (N = 34). Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the associations among recreational and utilitarian walking and bicycling and parkland acreage. Results. Utilitarian walking and bicycling and parkland acreage were significantly correlated (r = .62, p < .0001). No significant relationships were observed for leisure time walking or bicycling. Discussion. Communities with more parks had significantly higher levels of walking and bicycling for transportation. Urban design features associated with leisure time physical activity might differ from those associated with transportation-related physical activity. Further studies are needed to articulate the relationships among community attributes and purposes of physical activity.

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3

Newberry, Lee. "Parkland Trauma Handbook". Critical Care Medicine 23, nr 5 (maj 1995): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199505000-00042.

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Humphreys, Nicolai. "Parkland and JFK". Lancet 382, nr 9907 (listopad 2013): e30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62546-5.

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Morris, Andy Conway. "Parkland Trauma Handbook". BMJ 320, Suppl S4 (1.04.2000): 0004125a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.0004125a.

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Fitzgerald O’Connor, Edmund J., Simon P. Booth, Baljit S. Dheansa i Philip M. Gilbert. "Parkland formula calculator". Burns 34, nr 7 (listopad 2008): 1055–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2008.02.009.

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Luo, Wenbin, i Mingming Su. "A Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Urban Parkland Expansion in China and Practical Implications to Enhance Urban Sustainability". Sustainability 11, nr 1 (28.12.2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010138.

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In response to serious environmental and socio-cultural challenges brought about by fast urbanization, the concept of a sustainable city emphasizes the quality of life of urban residents, assuring the importance of parkland provision in urban development. Despite China’s fast urban expansion in recent decades, scant attention has been paid to the development pattern of urban parkland in China and its implications toward urban sustainability. Engaging official data from government sources, this study conducted a spatial-temporal analysis of urban parkland in China. Results support the overall fast increase of urban parkland provision in China with a clear regional disparity. Moreover, the shift of development momentum from the east to the west has been identified in the recent decade. The status of economic development, the progress of urbanization, and the level of urban development investments are identified as key influential factors influencing the temporal changes of urban parkland in China. With the increasing demand for urban parkland and its important role in ensuring urban sustainability, recommendations to improve urban park development in China are proposed, including integrating urban parkland in urban land use management with specific planning guidelines, establishing a dynamic urban parkland monitoring system, incorporating both national and regional policy frameworks catering for both national standards and regional preferences, and shifting urban development investments with more emphasis on urban maintenance expenditure.

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Geier, Robert, Siegfried Guggenmoos i Neil Theissen. "Ecological Aspects of Herbicide Usage on Power Line Rights-Of-Way". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 18, nr 4 (1.07.1992): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1992.042.

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The effect of a herbicide-oriented vegetation management program on the diversity of vegetation in power line rights-of-way and the resulting vegetation's potential usefulness to wildlife was evaluated in three eco-regions of Alberta - The Dry Parkland/Prairie, the Moist Parkland and the Mixed Boreal zones. In herbicide treated areas, plant communities consisted of grasses, herbaceous forbes, shrubs and small trees. The proportion of plants in these fourgrowth forms was similar for plant communities in both the treated rights-ofway and the adjacent untreated areas for the Parkland zones. In the Mixed Boreal zone, herbicide treatment favoured the proliferation of herbaceous forbes and grasses while discouraging understorey shrub growth. The herbicide treatment had little effect upon the diversity of plant communities that established in the Dry Parkland/Prairie zone but increased the diversity in the Moist Parkland and Mixed Boreal zones. The diversity increased due to a change in species richness. The wildlife food utilization value of the plant communities that developed on the treated rights-of-way was equal to that of untreated areas in the Dry Parkland/Prairie zone, but was greater than that of untreated areas in the Moist Parkland or Mixed Boreal zones.

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Selivanova, A., N. Kartashova i I. Lukina. "Voronezh parkland landscaping concept". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 392 (21.11.2019): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/392/1/012029.

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Degenhardt, D. F., G. R. Stringam i Z. P. Kondra. "Eclipse summer turnip rape". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, nr 3 (1.07.1992): 837–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-101.

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Eclipse summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a yellow-seeded canola-quality cultivar with a seed yield similar to that of the cultivars AC Parkland and Tobin. The oil content of Eclipse is similar to that of AC Parkland but is significantly higher than Tobin. Eclipse has a significantly lower glucosinolate content than either AC Parkland or Tobin. Eclipse is well adapted to the B. rapa growing areas of western Canada.Key words: Turnip rape (summer), cultivar description

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11

Johnson Gaither, Cassandra. "Smokestacks, Parkland, and Community Composition". Environment and Behavior 47, nr 10 (2.09.2014): 1127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916514546744.

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Eckstein, Justin. "The (Parkland) kids are alright". Communication and the Public 5, nr 1-2 (marzec 2020): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057047320950630.

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Wounds materialize in the wake of the event, when rhetoric inadequately indexes what is present in a situation. Such a position bypasses ethics from the transcendental ought or the purely descriptive is to an ethics grounded in an immanent occurrence. To give an example of this kind of rhetorical ethics, I turn to an example of a recent wound, the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, where the pathology of gun violence has created a wound that shattered our rhetorical sensorium. In the immediate aftermath, Emma Gonzales, a student and survivor of the Parkland shooting, seized upon this perspective on the wound to forge a new figure, the Parkland Kid, and with it new lines of argument. I argue her capacity to turn a wounding into a new subject illustrates a new rhetorical ethics that is inclusive; she became a subject of the shooting, the new Parkland Kid, that anyone is welcome to join. My contribution departs from the wound as a damaged attachment for its understanding as a productive force.

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13

Swinbanks, David. "From parkland to science park". Nature 349, nr 6311 (luty 1991): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/349640b0.

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Rehm, Christina. "Parkland trauma handbook, 2nd ed". Journal of Vascular Surgery 31, nr 4 (kwiecień 2000): 840–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mva.2000.104283.

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15

Altmann, Erika. "Parkland – when caravan is home". Health Sociology Review 25, nr 2 (22.01.2016): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14461242.2015.1134262.

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16

MERG, ANDERS R. "Parkland Trauma Handbook, 2nd edition". Annals of Surgery 234, nr 6 (grudzień 2001): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-200112000-00017.

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Severinsen, Christina, i Philippa Howden-Chapman. "Parkland: When Caravan is Home". Housing, Theory and Society 32, nr 3 (15.05.2015): 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2015.1038123.

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18

Victorino, G. P. "Parkland Trauma Handbook, 2nd ed". Archives of Surgery 134, nr 12 (1.12.1999): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.134.12.1406.

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19

Achiso, Zewde, i Nebiyou Masebo. "Parkland Agroforestry Practices on Biodiversity Conservation- A Review". SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences 5, nr 6 (listopad 2019): 2412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ssr-iijls.2019.5.6.1.

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Hunter, Judith E., Peter J. Drew, Tom S. Potokar, William Dickson i Sarah J. Hemington-Gorse. "Albumin resuscitation in burns: a hybrid regime to mitigate fluid creep". Scars, Burns & Healing 2 (1.01.2016): 205951311664208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059513116642083.

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[Formula: see text] Introduction: Globally, many burns units moved away from colloid resuscitation in response to the Cochrane review (1998). Recent literature has introduced the concept of fluid creep: patients receiving volumes far in excess of the upper limit of the Parkland formula. The Cochrane review has been widely criticised, however, and we continued to use 4.5% human albumin solution after 8 h of crystalloid as a hybrid of Parkland and Muir & Barclay’s regime. Methods: Adult patients ⩾15% TBSA were identified from data prospectively entered into our database over a 5-year period (2003–2008). Medical notes and intensive care charts were reviewed comparing volumes of fluids received with requirement estimates. Adverse events were also documented. Results: A total of 72 cases with 34 sets of intensive care charts were analysed. Mean TBSA was 35.2% (range, 15–95%). A total of 75% survived; 3% were haemofiltered. Forty-one percent of patients were resuscitated using the Parkland formula alone, while 59% switched at 8 h post burn to the Muir and Barclay formula (Hybrid group). There was a significantly greater TBSA in the Hybrid group, but they received significantly less fluid volumes than the Parkland group ( P = 0.0363; the Hybrid group received 1.36 times calculated need vs. 1.62 in the Parkland group). Conclusion: Our patients still demonstrate fluid creep, but to a lesser extent than previously reported. Fluid creep has been mitigated but not eliminated through this strategy.

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Tadesse, Eguale, Abdu Abdulkedir, Asia Khamzina, Yowhan Son i Florent Noulèkoun. "Contrasting Species Diversity and Values in Home Gardens and Traditional Parkland Agroforestry Systems in Ethiopian Sub-Humid Lowlands". Forests 10, nr 3 (15.03.2019): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10030266.

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Understanding the complex diversity of species and their potential uses in traditional agroforestry systems is crucial for enhancing the productivity of tropical systems and ensuring the sustainability of the natural resource base. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the role of home gardens and parklands, which are prominent tropical agroforestry systems, in the conservation and management of biodiversity. Our study quantified and compared the diversity of woody and herbaceous perennial species and their uses in traditional home gardens and parkland agroforestry systems under a sub-humid climate in western Ethiopia. A sociological survey of 130 household respondents revealed 14 different uses of the species, mostly for shade, fuelwood, food, and as traditional medicine. Vegetation inventory showed that the Fisher’s α diversity index and species richness were significantly higher in home gardens (Fisher’s α = 5.28 ± 0.35) than in parklands (Fisher’s α = 1.62 ± 0.18). Both systems were significantly different in species composition (Sørenson’s similarity coefficient = 35%). The differences occurred primarily because of the high intensity of management and the cultivation of exotic tree species in the home gardens, whereas parklands harbored mostly native flora owing to the deliberate retention and assisted regeneration by farmers. In home gardens, Mangifera indica L. was the most important woody species, followed by Cordia africana Lam. and Coffea arabica L. On the other hand, Syzygium guineense Wall. was the most important species in parklands, followed by C. africana and M. indica. The species diversity of agroforestry practices must be further augmented with both indigenous and useful, non-invasive exotic woody and herbaceous species, particularly in parklands that showed lower than expected species diversity compared to home-gardens.

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Ram, Hemmanur Samartha, Illa Sai Samyuktha i Nagashree V. "A novel tubal sterilization technique to prevent recanalization- a preliminary study". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, nr 4 (24.03.2021): 1448. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211118.

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Background: Spontaneous luminal recanalisation, and peritoneal fistula formation connecting the lumens of cut ends, are common causes for tubectomy failure. Failures rates are high with Pomeroy and Madlener methods. Uchida or Irvin techniques have lower failure rates. However, these techniques are not commonly practised because of technical complexity and long surgical time. We developed a novel surgical technique, which leaves the cut ends far away and peritonised.Methods: In our hospital, modified Pomeroy method, and Parkland method were used during 2000- 09, and our new method was used during 2010-19. In the new method, 0.5cm of the cut end of the tube was turned inside and tied to the stump in such a way that the stumps get peritonised. The failure rates were compared between the groups.Results: In the first group, 997 tubectomies were performed. Modified Pomeroy method was used in 360 women. Among them, one woman had a tubal ectopic pregnancy, and one woman had intrauterine pregnancy with a failure rate of 0.55%. Parkland method was used in 637 women. Among them, two women had tubal ectopic pregnancies with a failure rate of 0.31%. During the second 10 years, 637 tubectomies were performed using the new technique. None of the women had failure, with a failure rate of 0.0%. This difference is statistically significant with P<001.Conclusions: New tubectomy method is simple, and more effective in preventing recanalization than Modified Pomeroy and Parklands methods.

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23

Carlyle, William J. "Farm Population in the Canadian Parkland". Geographical Review 79, nr 1 (styczeń 1989): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215680.

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Murray, John. "Beyond Today's Thinking: Victor Kelleher's Parkland". Papers: Explorations into Children's Literature 11, nr 1 (1.01.2001): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/pecl2001vol11no1art1337.

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Bennett, Richard. "Parkland Community College scientific visualization program". ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 27, nr 1 (styczeń 1993): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/157339.157347.

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Panchal, Neeraj, i Michael Zide. "The Parkland 12-Minute Checklist Tracheotomy". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 74, nr 3 (marzec 2016): 556–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2015.10.022.

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Clay, Roger, i Huade Guan. "The urban-parkland nocturnal temperature interface". Urban Climate 31 (marzec 2020): 100585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2020.100585.

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High, Whitney A., i Carrie Kovarik. "The year at parkland hospital (2004)". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 50, nr 3 (marzec 2004): P41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2003.10.165.

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Malysheva, Zinaida, Vadim Tanyukevich i Denis Skrynnikov. "CITY PARKLAND AS A GEOCHEMICAL BARRIER". SCIENTIFIC LIFE 14, nr 6 (czerwiec 2019): 1006–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2019-14-6-1006-1016.

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Madni, Tarik D., David E. Leshikar, Christian T. Minshall, Paul A. Nakonezny, Canon C. Cornelius, Jonathan B. Imran, Audra T. Clark i in. "The Parkland grading scale for cholecystitis". American Journal of Surgery 215, nr 4 (kwiecień 2018): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.05.017.

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Beckie, H. J., A. G. Thomas i F. C. Stevenson. "Survey of herbicide-resistant wild oat (Avena fatua) in two townships in Saskatchewan". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82, nr 2 (1.04.2002): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-067.

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The nature and occurrence of herbicide resistance in wild oat in annual crops grown in the Grassland and Parkland regions of Saskatchewan were determined in a systematic survey of fields in two townships in 1997. The survey found that over one-half of fields in both townships had populations resistant to Group 1 [acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors], Group 2 [acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors], and/or Group 8 (e.g., triallate, difenzoquat) herbicides. Forty-three percent of fields in the Grassland township and 48% of fields in the Parkland township had Group 1-resistant (HR) wild oat; 30 and 17% of fields in the Grassland and Parkland township, respectively, had populations exhibiting Group 2 resistance, whereas about 15% of fields in both townships had Group 8-HR wild oat. Single- (Groups 1, 2, or 8) and multiple-group resistance (1, 2; 1, 8; 2, 8; 1, 2, 8) were exhibited in populations in fields in both townships. Frequency of occurrence of resistance was not generally affected by farm size. The nature of resistance in wild oat populations is more diverse, differences in distribution and abundance of HR wild oat biotypes between Grassland and Parkland regions are generally less apparent, and occurrence of resistance is more prevalent than documented previously. Key words: Avena fatua, herbicide resistance, survey

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Wolfe, Stephen A., Jeff Ollerhead, David J. Huntley i Olav B. Lian. "Holocene dune activity and environmental change in the prairie parki and and boreal forest, central Saskatchewan, Canada". Holocene 16, nr 1 (styczeń 2006): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0959683606hl903rp.

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Past aeolian activity was reconstructed at four dunefields in the prairie parkland and boreal forest of central Saskatchewan to elucidate landscape response to environmental change. Optical ages from stabilized dunes in the boreal transition ecoregion indicate two episodes of activity. The first, at about 11 ka, corresponds to a period of early-Holocene parkland and grassland cover following deglaciation and drainage after about 13.0 ka, and brief establishment of boreal forest. The second, between about 7.5 and 5 ka, corresponds to a period of mid-Holocene parkland-grassland cover. Optical ages from dunefields in the prairie parkland primarily record mid-Holocene activity, between about 7.5 and 4.7 ka, corresponding to a period of grassland cover, with some reworking continuing into the late Holocene. Although this area was deglaciated by about 13.5 ka, there is no evidence of early-Holocene dune activity, suggesting that mid-Holocene activity may have reworked earlier deposits here. Consequently, much of the morphology and stratigraphy observed in these dunefields are associated with mid-Holocene activity, likely associated with increased aridity and reduced vegetation cover at that time. This study provides the most northerly evidence of mid-Holocene dune reactivation on the Great Plains, lending support to the assertion that aeolian activity was widespread at that time.

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King, Tania L., Lukar E. Thornton, Rebecca J. Bentley i Anne M. Kavanagh. "Does parkland influence walking? The relationship between area of parkland and walking trips in Melbourne, Australia". International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 9, nr 1 (2012): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-9-115.

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Smith, Laurie. "Roma Street Parkland: Past, Present and Future Heritage". Queensland Review 10, nr 2 (listopad 2003): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600003421.

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The Roma Street Parkland, completed in 2001, has already established itself as a destination venue for locals and visitors to Brisbane. It is the largest inner-city subtropical landscape project in a city centre to be developed in recent years. The Queensland Government's brief for the development of 16 hectares of inner-city land several minutes walk from the centre of the city, required that the Roma Street Parkland provides a high-level visitor attraction with the emphasis on horticulture and the environment.

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Sisa-Segovia, César Giuliano, Bruno Guggiari, Karina Cacace, Rafael Acosta i Víctor Luraschi. "Application of the parkland grading scale in video laparoscopic cholecystectomies". Cirugía paraguaya 46, nr 2 (30.08.2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18004/sopaci.2022.agosto.7.

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Salahi, Ali, Shirin Geranfar i Soudabeh A. A. Korori. "Nitrogen Deposition in the Greater Tehran Metropolitan Area". Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.389.

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An investigation of air pollution in the Tehran metropolitan area between 1992–2000 indicated that there are significant amounts of nitrate ion (NO3–), over 30 kg/ha/year, deposited as wet deposition, compared to 13 kg/ha/year in the Chitgar Parkland near the Tehran metropolitan area. The amount of NO3–in warm seasons is twofold that of cold seasons (see Fig. 1), and there was a significant difference between cold and warm seasons (Table 1). Annual wet deposition of ammonia (NH3) was 10 kg/ha/year in the Chitgar Parkland[1].

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Herda, Herda, Salim Assoba i Ewing Yuvisa Ibrani. "Tax Knowledge and E-Filling Socialization on Taxpayer Compliance". Journal of Applied Business, Taxation and Economics Research 2, nr 2 (23.11.2022): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54408/jabter.v2i2.139.

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The purpose of this research is to determine whether there is an influence between knowledge of taxation and tax socialization (e-filling system) towards taxpayer compliance at PT. Parkland World Indonesia is seen from the number of employees who do not report Notification (SPT) of more than 80% of the total number of employees of PT. As many as 5,632 Parkland World Indonesia employees still do not care about submitting SPT for the Article 21 Income Tax deduction. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method with survey research. The population used in this study were employees at PT. Parkland World Indonesia. Samples were taken by 98 employees using the Slovin formula. R-Square is 0.822, which means that 82.2% of the variation in taxpayer compliance can be explained by variations in both the independent variable knowledge of taxation and tax socialization (e-filling system). Based on the results, the knowledge variable taxation and Tax socialization (e-filling system) have a partial and significant effect on tax compliance.

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Shcherbak, V. I., i O. V. Kravtsova. "Phytoplankton specifics in urban parkland water-bodies". Bìoresursi ì prirodokoristuvannâ 9, nr 5-6 (28.09.2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/bio2017.05.003.

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Heckenberger, M. J. "Amazonia 1492: Pristine Forest or Cultural Parkland?" Science 301, nr 5640 (19.09.2003): 1710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1086112.

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Bright, Elise M. "Parkland acquisition and urbanization: Implications for managers". International Journal of Public Administration 16, nr 10 (styczeń 1993): 1541–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900699308524860.

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김광수 i Sangjo Kim. "High-Quality Products at Reasonable Prices, Parkland". Journal of Consumption Culture 13, nr 4 (grudzień 2010): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17053/jcc.2010.13.4.013.

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Fallucco, Elise M., Kitty Leung, Emma Robertson Blackmore, Carmen Smotherman i Madeline Joseph. "3.14 POST-PARKLAND: TRAINING PEDIATRICIANS TO IDENTIFY AND MANAGE ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION AND PTSD FOLLOWING THE PARKLAND SCHOOL SHOOTING". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 58, nr 10 (październik 2019): S199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.08.177.

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McCartney, D. H. "History of grazing research in the Aspen Parkland". Canadian Journal of Animal Science 73, nr 4 (1.12.1993): 749–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas93-079.

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The Aspen Parkland of western Canada constitutes a major portion of the agricultural areas of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, with 86% of the forage production and 66% of the beef cattle herd. Although some areas still exist in the natural state, most of the Parkland has been cleared of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) for farming. Introduced pasture species have been seeded, and bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) and alfalfa (Medicago spp.) have been found to be the most productive. The addition of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer has been shown to nearly triple forage production in the presence of adequate moisture and favorable temperatures. Straight nitrogen has resulted in a reduction of the proportion of alfalfa in a mixed sward. The severity and time of grazing have a marked effect on pasture productivity. Bush pastures can be renovated by using selective herbicides, fire and controlled grazing to manage woody brush regrowth or by sod seeding of alfalfa in the depleted stands. Spring-seeded winter cereals can be grazed throughout the growing season or as part of a grazing rotation with perennial forages by extending the grazing season in the fall. Key words: Aspen Parkland, pasture, forage, research, review

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Sanou, Lassina, Jonas Koala, Souleymane Ouédraogo i Brama Ouattara. "Influence of Land Tenure on Agroforestry Parkland Phyto-Diversity and Stand Structure in Sudanian Zone of Burkina Faso, West Africa". Global Journal of Agricultural Innovation, Research & Development 9 (11.03.2022): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15377/2409-9813.2022.09.3.

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Savanna Zone of Burkina Faso is characterized by the increasing population growth due to human migration from the north and central regions of the country for cultivating agricultural land and pastures. This situation induced land-use changes, and social reorganization has led to new approaches to natural resources management. Tenure issues in natural resources management limit the adoption of agroforestry systems and effective land use scale. This paper describes the species composition, structure, and diversity of woody species on agroforestry parklands at Tiogo under two types of land tenures. Ecological and structural characteristics of vegetation patches were computed to characterize the species composition. A variety of diversity measures were calculated to determine the heterogeneity for each type of land tenure. A total of 49 woody species belonging to 19 families and 38 genera were identified, of which 44 and 48 species were recorded in non-landowners’ farms and landowners' farms, respectively. Leguminosae, Combretaceae and Anacardiaceae were the most abundant families. The dominant species in agroforestry parklands were Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa, Lannea microcarpa, Piliostigma reticulatum and Piliostigma thonningii. Analyses of variance of the entire woody vegetation of agroforestry parklands revealed no significant differences in terms of all computed indexes but showed that the landowners’ farms were the most diverse than non-landowners farms. The density of stems ≥5 cm dbh and the basal area were higher in landowner’s farms than in non-landowners farms. In both types of farms, the size class distributions of the vegetation produced a reverse J-shaped curve, supporting that agroforestry parkland in Tiogo is dominated by young individuals. The spatial distribution of the seedling was mainly clumped, reflecting the dominance of clonal propagation. Security of land and tree tenure is a necessary condition for any land-based investment (planting and protection of preferred species and soil amendment). The challenge to maintain parklands’ tree biodiversity in “good” condition also needs to consider the flexibility of land tenure and equitability sharing of the benefits from trees.

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Scanlon, Annette T., i Sophie Petit. "Effects of site, time, weather and light on urban bat activity and richness: considerations for survey effort". Wildlife Research 35, nr 8 (2008): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08035.

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To maximise bat retention in urban environments, efficient bat monitoring is needed, but the factors that influence survey results for urban bats are unclear. We used echolocation call detectors (n = 378 detector-nights from November 2005 to October 2006) to assess bat activity among different sites in the Adelaide City parklands, temporal variations in activity (hourly, nightly, monthly), and responses to weather and light (artificial and moon). Bat species did not occur evenly in urban conditions; dark parks were more important for bat diversity and activity (six species groups in the darkest park) than were artificially lit parkland areas (three species groups in the flood-lit park). Gould’s wattled bat (Chalinolobus gouldii) and Mormopterus species 4 (94% of calls) were advantaged in urban parklands, being the only species recorded when lights were on at sports parks, whereas five species groups occurred when the lights were off. Minimal bat activity was recorded in the first 2 h after civil twilight, suggesting that bats may roost outside the city and commute nightly into parklands. Bat activity increased with temperature, with a burst in activity occurring after 7°C. Rainfall (>1 mm/24 h) and moon illumination at midnight did not influence activity. Urban environments should provide diversity to attract a diverse assemblage of bat species. Activity fluctuated among sites, nights, and across the year, indicating that large sample sizes over long periods of time are required to monitor and survey bats reliably with detectors.

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Blythe, Emily M., i Mark S. Boyce. "Trappings of Success: Predator Removal for Duck Nest Survival in Alberta Parklands". Diversity 12, nr 3 (24.03.2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12030119.

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Nest survival is most limited by nest predation, which often is increased by anthropogenic causes including habitat fragmentation, mesopredator release and predator subsidies. In mallards and other upland-nesting duck species in the North American prairies, the rate of nest survival is the vital rate most influential to population dynamics, with 15%–20% survival required for maintenance of stable populations. Predator removal during the nesting season has increased duck nest survival on township-sized (9324 ha) areas of agricultural ecosystems in eastern locations of the prairie pothole region (PPR). However, predator removal has not been evaluated in western parkland habitats of the PPR where three-dimensional structure of vegetation is considerably greater. During 2015–2017, we evaluated nest survival on control and predator-removal plots at two study areas in the parklands of central Alberta, Canada. In the second year of the study, we transposed predator removal to control for habitat effects. Estimates of 34-day nest survival did not significantly differ between trapped ( x ¯ = 20.9%, 95% CI = 13.2%–33.7%) and control ( x ¯ = 17.8%, 95% CI = 10.5%–30.0%) plots in any year. We do not recommend predator removal be continued in Alberta parklands due to its ineffectiveness at improving duck nest survival at the local scale.

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Siciliano, S. D., C. M. Theoret, J. R. de Freitas, P. J. Hucl i J. J. Germida. "Differences in the microbial communities associated with the roots of different cultivars of canola and wheat". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44, nr 9 (1.09.1998): 844–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-075.

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Plant characteristics are known to alter endophytic and rhizosphere microbial communities; however, the effect of crop breeding programs on the microbial endophytic and rhizosphere communities is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine if root-associated microbial communities differed between three cultivars of canola (Brassica spp.) and wheat (Triticum spp.). BiologTM analysis was used to characterize the microbial communities associated with the root interior and rhizosphere soil of field grown canola (Parkland, Excel, and Quest cultivars) as well as wheat (PI 167549, Red Fife, and CDC Teal cultivars). Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles of roots and rhizosphere soil of the cultivars were also compared. These crop cultivars represent a continuum from older to the most recent crop cultivars, with Quest being a transgenic canola variety tolerant of the herbicide glyphosate. To the best of our knowledge, Quest is not directly related to Parkland or Excel. The endophytic community of Quest used the BiologTM polymer, carbohydrate, amino acid, and miscellaneous functional guilds at a slower rate than the endophytic community of Excel or Parkland. Furthermore, there were lower levels of the microbial FAMEs, 18:0, 18:3 w6c (6,9,12), 16:0 2OH, and 15:0 2OH in the roots of Quest compared with Excel or Parkland. In contrast, there were no differences in the utilization rate of BiologTM functional guilds or the microbial FAMEs in the roots of the three wheat cultivars studied. The correlation between the ability of endophytic and rhizosphere communities to utilize BiologTM substrates was lower in Quest and CDC Teal compared with earlier crop cultivars. Our results indicate that endophytic and rhizosphere microbial communities of the transgenic cultivar Quest were different from nontransgenic cultivars grown at the same field site.Key words: Brassica spp., Triticum spp., rhizosphere, endophytes, FAME, BiologTM, transgenic.

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Krause, Teresa R., i Cathy Whitlock. "Climate and vegetation change during the late-glacial/early-Holocene transition inferred from multiple proxy records from Blacktail Pond, Yellowstone National Park, USA". Quaternary Research 79, nr 3 (maj 2013): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.01.005.

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AbstractA series of environmental changes from late-glacial ice recession through the early Holocene are revealed in a 7000-yr-long record of pollen, charcoal, geochemistry, and stable isotopes from Blacktail Pond, a closed-basin lake in Yellowstone National Park. Prior to 11,500 cal yr BP, cool conditions dominated, fire activity was low, and alpine tundra and Picea parkland grew on the landscape. A step-like climate change to warm summer conditions occurred at 11,500 cal yr BP. In response, fire activity increased facilitating a transition from Picea parkland to closed Pinus forest. From 11,500 to 8280 cal yr BP, warm summers and abundant moisture mostly likely from high winter snowfall supported closed Pinus contorta forests. Cooler drier summer conditions prevailed beginning 8280 cal yr BP due to decreased summer insolation and winter snowpack, and lower parkland developed. The timing of vegetation change in the Blacktail Pond record is similar to other low- and middle-elevation sites in the northern Rocky Mountains during the late-glacial period, suggesting local plant communities responded to regional-scale climate change; however, the timing of vegetation changes was spatially variable during the early and middle Holocene due to the varying influences of strengthened summer monsoons and subtropical high on regional precipitation patterns.

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Cansler, C. Alina, Donald McKenzie i Charles B. Halpern. "Area burned in alpine treeline ecotones reflects region-wide trends". International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, nr 12 (2016): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf16025.

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The direct effects of climate change on alpine treeline ecotones – the transition zones between subalpine forest and non-forested alpine vegetation – have been studied extensively, but climate-induced changes in disturbance regimes have received less attention. To determine if recent increases in area burned extend to these higher-elevation landscapes, we analysed wildfires from 1984–2012 in eight mountainous ecoregions of the Pacific Northwest and Northern Rocky Mountains. We considered two components of the alpine treeline ecotone: subalpine parkland, which extends upward from subalpine forest and includes a fine-scale mosaic of forest and non-forested vegetation; and non-forested alpine vegetation. We expected these vegetation types to burn proportionally less than the entire ecoregion, reflecting higher fuel moisture and longer historical fire rotations. In four of eight ecoregions, the proportion of area burned in subalpine parkland (3%–8%) was greater than the proportion of area burned in the entire ecoregion (2%–7%). In contrast, in all but one ecoregion, a small proportion (≤4%) of the alpine vegetation burned. Area burned regionally was a significant predictor of area burned in subalpine parkland and alpine, suggesting that similar climatic drivers operate at higher and lower elevations or that fire spreads from neighbouring vegetation into the alpine treeline ecotone.

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Wees, Isabel, Uma Gunasekaran i Luigi Meneghini. "Optimizing Glucose Meter Downloads at Parkland Diabetes Clinic". Clinical Diabetes 39, nr 2 (27.01.2021): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/cd20-0056.

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