Artykuły w czasopismach: „Parenting support”

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Woodhead, Martin, Allison James i Nigel Thomas. "Parenting and parenting support". Children & Society 19, nr 4 (2005): 261–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chi.895.

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Jones, D. "Parenting Education and Support". Child: Care, Health and Development 27, nr 5 (wrzesień 2001): 463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2214.2001.0210a.x.

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Moniz, Michelle, Lauren OʼConnell, Anna Daly Kauffman, Dianne Singer, Sarah Clark i Matthew M. Davis. "Parenting Support During Pregnancy". Obstetrics & Gynecology 125 (maj 2015): 42S—43S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000463059.60590.ac.

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Boddy, Janet, Marjorie Smith i Antonia Simon. "Telephone support for parenting: an evaluation of Parentline Plus". Children & Society 19, nr 4 (2005): 278–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chi.847.

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Sihvonen, Ella. "Parenting Support Policy in Finland: Responsibility and Competence as Key Attributes of Good Parenting in Parenting Support Projects". Social Policy and Society 17, nr 3 (7.02.2018): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000550.

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In Finland, parenting-related anxiety increased in the 1990s during a deep economic recession and subsequent widespread cutbacks to family services. Despite these cutbacks, resources allocated to services underlining the role of parents – namely, parenting support – increased, manifesting in the establishment of family support projects in the 2000s. Employing positioning theory and pragmatic modalities, I explore how key attributes of good parenting – responsibility and competence – are discussed within family support projects (n = 310). Given discussions regarding the relationship between parenting-related anxiety and the increasing number of parenting-related experts, this article explores parents’ positions within such discussions and overall parenting support in Finland. The analysis of projects clarifies the role of the parenting-related experts, but also provides a nuanced view of the position of parents. In some projects, for instance, parents are positioned as experts whose parenting responsibilities and competence are strengthened within peer-parent relationships and shared within the surrounding community.

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Daly, Mary. "Parenting support policies in Europe". Families, Relationships and Societies 2, nr 2 (1.07.2013): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204674313x666886.

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Moran, Patricia, i Deborah Ghate. "The effectiveness of parenting support". Children & Society 19, nr 4 (2005): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chi.878.

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Stewart-Brown, S. "Peer led parenting support programmes". BMJ 344, mar13 3 (13.03.2012): e1160-e1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e1160.

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Nicholson, Joanne, i William Deveney. "Why not support(ed) parenting?" Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 33, nr 2 (2009): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2975/33.2.2009.79.82.

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Lundqvist, Åsa. "Parenting Support in Sweden: New Policies in Old Settings". Social Policy and Society 14, nr 4 (3.06.2015): 657–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000238.

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This article sets out to investigate the political development and implementation of parenting support services in Sweden. The object of the analysis is on how parenting support has been organised and how it has been articulated in policy debates, and also key elements of parenting support in practice. The analysis shows that parenting support builds upon a century-long tradition of, for example, pre-emptive health care check-ups and services to parents, counselling and parenting education. There are, however, elements in parenting support policy which mark a clear deviation from this policy legacy. These include the introduction of structured parenting programmes, the growth of the idea of parents as autonomous beings, and the partial relocation of parenting support into new public health goals.

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Bonds, Darya D., Dawn M. Gondoli, Melissa L. Sturge-Apple i Lindsay N. Salem. "Parenting Stress as a Mediator of the Relation Between Parenting Support and Optimal Parenting". Parenting 2, nr 4 (1.11.2002): 409–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327922par0204_04.

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Daly, Mary. "Parenting Support as Policy Field: An Analytic Framework". Social Policy and Society 14, nr 4 (3.06.2015): 597–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000226.

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This article develops an analytic framework for parenting support, treating it as both a form of social policy and a measure that intervenes more broadly in politics and society. It is suggested that, as a form of social policy, parenting support can be examined through analytical categories that are classic to social policy, such as: the nature of the offer or ‘good’ to parents, the modality of provision, conditions of access and operation, the policy setting and linkages to other policies, the unfolding of the policy over time and historical roots, philosophical underpinnings and dominant professional influences. In a second layer, the social and political roots and orientations of parenting support have to be investigated. When one does this by, for example, identifying the main actors involved in parenting support and the rationales and claims made for parenting support as a policy response, it becomes obvious that parenting support can be either a benign project of support or part of a more controlling educative or retraining exercise.

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Hutchings, Judith, Dawn Owen i Margiad Williams. "Web-Based Parenting Support: Development of the COPING Confident Parenting Programme". Education Sciences 8, nr 2 (23.04.2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci8020059.

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Walls, Elaine. "How can all nurses support parenting?" British Journal of Nursing 28, nr 19 (24.10.2019): 1145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.19.1145.

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Walls, Elaine. "How can all nurses support parenting?" British Journal of Nursing 28, nr 19 (24.10.2019): 1245–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.19.1245.

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Balsells Bailón, M. A., A. Mateos Inchaurrondo, A. Urrea Monclús i E. Vaquero Tió. "Positive parenting support during family reunification". Early Child Development and Care 188, nr 11 (9.07.2018): 1567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2018.1491559.

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White, Jane, Lucy Thompson, Christine Puckering, Harriet Waugh, Marion Henderson, Angus MacBeth i Philip Wilson. "Antenatal parenting support for vulnerable women". British Journal of Midwifery 23, nr 10 (2.10.2015): 724–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2015.23.10.724.

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Knijn, Trudie, i Marit Hopman. "Parenting Support in the Dutch ‘Participation Society’". Social Policy and Society 14, nr 4 (2.07.2015): 645–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000329.

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This article focuses on ‘the turn to parenting’ in the Netherlands and embeds it in a major reform called ‘transition and transformation’. While support for parenting by way of public healthcare and denominational family care and advice has a long tradition in the Netherlands, the field gained new importance in the 1990s under the influence of medical and psychological ‘scientification’ and the introduction of evidence-based methods. Current reforms are modulated with a critique of specialised forms of parent support and (re-)introduce a community- and family-based approach in which professionals are charged with helping families to help themselves and with guiding and supervising volunteers who actually do the job of parenting support.

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Brown, Sara G., Diane B. Hudson, Christie Campbell-Grossman, Kevin A. Kupzyk, Bernice C. Yates i Kathleen M. Hanna. "Social Support, Parenting Competence, and Parenting Satisfaction Among Adolescent, African American, Mothers". Western Journal of Nursing Research 40, nr 4 (13.12.2016): 502–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945916682724.

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This secondary analysis explored how social support changed during the first 6 months postpartum and examined the relationships among social support, parenting competence, and parenting role satisfaction. Single, low-income, adolescent, new mothers ( N = 34) completed measures of perceived parenting competence, parenting role satisfaction, and four types of received social support (emotional, informational, tangible, problematic) from the entire social network at 1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. Results indicated that social support did not change over time. Emotional, informational, and tangible social support were significantly correlated, concurrently and predictively, with perceived competence and satisfaction at most data collection points. Future social support intervention studies using social support as a modifiable variable with this high-risk group of African American adolescent new mothers are advocated. Health care professionals are encouraged to examine existing social support within these mothers’ identified family units.

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Ayala-Nunes, Lara, Cristina Nunes i Ida Lemos. "Social support and parenting stress in at-risk Portuguese families". Journal of Social Work 17, nr 2 (23.06.2016): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316640200.

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Summary Families that are at psychosocial risk live under personal and contextual circumstances that hinder their parenting skills. They frequently lack the resources necessary for addressing the challenges of parenting and encounter multiple stressful life events. Social support may help diminish the parenting stress that is experienced from living in a disadvantaged environment by enhancing coping strategies. However, previous research examining the associations between parenting stress and social support among at-risk families has been inconclusive. This study analyzed the psychosocial profile of at-risk Portuguese families, the size and composition of their social support networks and the associations between social support and parenting stress. Participants consisted of 167 parents (80% mothers) who received assistance from Child Protection Services. Measures included the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, the Arizona Social Support Interview Schedule and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Findings Parenting stress levels were extremely high, with 44.51% of parents showing clinically significant levels. Emotional support was the type of support that was most closely related to parental distress, namely the network size available for providing emotional support ( r = −.27, p = .000) and satisfaction with the emotional support received ( r = −.24, p = .006). Applications The size of the emotional support network was significantly smaller among parents who reported clinically significant levels of parenting stress. Hence, having the opportunity to express feelings and concerns as well as engaging in social interactions during leisure time may serve as protective factors against parental stress in at-risk families. Implications of for the interventions of professionals who work with at-risk families are discussed.

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Lesar, Sharon, Michael M. Gerber i Melvyn I. Semmel. "HIV Infection in Children: Family Stress, Social Support, and Adaptation". Exceptional Children 62, nr 3 (grudzień 1995): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440299606200304.

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This study examined the relationships of family functioning, parenting stress, and social support of caregivers who are parenting children with HIV infection. A family adaptational model integrated the concepts of stress, coping, and ecological systems for understanding the impact of an HIV-infected child on family adaptation and functioning. Data were collected from 48 caregivers of HIV-exposed children. Hierarchical multiple-regression analysis showed that a number of factors contributed significantly to the prediction of parenting stress and family functioning. Results showed significant relationships among parenting stress, children's developmental delay status, children and caregivers' HIV status, and caregiving burden.

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Shorey, Shefaly, Lau Ying i Piyanee Yobas. "Parenting Outcomes and Predictors of Parenting Satisfaction in the Early Postpartum Period". Western Journal of Nursing Research 43, nr 1 (styczeń 2020): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945920914593.

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This study examined the relationships among parenting self-efficacy (PSE), social support, postnatal depression (PND), and predictors of parenting satisfaction in the early postpartum period using a cross-sectional exploratory quantitative design. The hypothetical model was tested among interrelated concepts of outcome variables among 250 parents (125 couples). The structural equation model revealed an adequate fit between the hypothesized model and the data. PSE and spousal support were found to be predictors of parenting satisfaction. PSE was also found to be a predictor of social support. PND was not found to be a predictor of parenting satisfaction. None of the obstetric and demographic factors predicted parenting satisfaction. This is the first study that tested interrelations among crucial parenting outcome variables among fathers and mothers in the early postpartum period. It is important to assess interrelated parenting outcomes among both parents so that support can be provided to ultimately influence parenting satisfaction.

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Gewirtz, Abigail H., Keri L. M. Pinna, Sheila K. Hanson i Dustin Brockberg. "Promoting parenting to support reintegrating military families: After deployment, adaptive parenting tools." Psychological Services 11, nr 1 (luty 2014): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034134.

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Roker, Debi, i Helen Richardson. "Innovations in parenting support: an evaluation of the YMCA's ?Parenting Teenagers? initiative". Children & Society 16, nr 3 (2002): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chi.692.

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Sundsbø, Astrid Ouahyb. "Universal Parenting Support in Norway – An Unfulfilled Promise". Social Policy and Society 17, nr 3 (7.02.2018): 503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000586.

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This article examines the expansion and underlying aims of structured parenting support in Norway. Norway's approach to parenting support differs from that of most other countries (Glavin and Schaffer, 2014), in supposedly being universal and offered to all parents (Eng et al., 2017). However, it is difficult to determine whether parenting support in Norway is actually unique, since little is known about how it is implemented in practice (Bråten and Sønsterudbråten, 2016; Wesseltoft-Rao et al., 2017). This article contributes further knowledge of how parenting support travels from national-level policy-making down to the level of municipal institutions where it is implemented. The analysis draws upon insights from a comprehensive case study in Bergen, Norway's second largest city, that included fieldwork observations and service mapping over a period of two years (2015–2017), a large number of in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, and analysis of relevant documents (advertisements, project applications and project reports, budgets, etc.).

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Chetwynd, Ellen M., i Victoria Facelli. "Lactation Support for LGBTQIA+ Families". Journal of Human Lactation 35, nr 2 (11.04.2019): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334419831269.

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Background: Despite a documented underutilization of healthcare by the LGBTQIA+ community due to fear of mistreatment, reproduction incurs a likely dependence on the medical system. Within breastfeeding medicine, the language used for breastfeeding or chestfeeding has broadened and there is an emphasis on inclusion of all types of gender identities; however, that care can be heavily biased toward the inclusion of all breasts/chests in infant feeding. Research aim: The purpose of this case study was to examine the impact of queer identity on the gestational and postpartum experience of a bisexual woman married to, and parenting with, a transgender man. It draws into perspective the need to practice in accordance with patients’ self-described gender and parenting roles. Results: The parenting roles of this couple were the same as any married, straight, cisgender couple, yet the family identified as queer. The mother in this case experienced low milk production, but the father had had chest reconstructive surgery and started hormones so that they could enter parenthood as the family they had envisioned for themselves. At no point was there any consideration that the father induce milk production for his baby or that chest reconstructive surgery had been mistimed. Their pregnancy support team was supportive of their gender identities and parenting roles, yet they still found themselves orienting and educating the healthcare team throughout their pregnancy and postpartum experience. Conclusions: Caring for the LGBTQIA+ community requires us to recognize our assumptions and act in affirming ways for all parents, regardless of their family constellation.

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Sundsbø, Astrid Ouahyb, i Ella Sihvonen. "Introduction: Parenting Support in the Nordic Countries: Is there a Specific Nordic Model?" Social Policy and Society 17, nr 3 (7.06.2018): 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000604.

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This themed section focuses on parenting support as a social policy phenomenon within and across the five Nordic Countries of Europe: Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark. As in other parts of Europe, parenting support has received increased attention in social policy making in the Nordic region. In reviewing developments in the Nordic countries, the themed section seeks to identify and discuss similarities and differences between parenting support policies in the North versus other parts of Europe. It considers whether the aims and the provision of parenting support in the Nordic countries differ significantly from those identified in studies of parenting support policies in other European countries.

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Putri, Asri Mutiara, i Dewi Lutfianawati. "Parenting Stress, Social Support and Parental Characteristic in Parents of ASD Children". International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, nr 1 (5.05.2021): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i1.211017.

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Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have developmental problems that can be a source of stress for parents. This study aimed to measures the parenting stress experienced by parents of ASD children in relation to social support and parental characteristics, namely education level and income. This study involved 50 parents of ASD children who send their children to several special schools in Lampung, Indonesia. Research data were obtained using the parenting stress index, social support scale, and parental characteristics data. The collected data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of the study found that parents of ASD children experienced moderate parenting stress. Social support and a high level of education were found to have a significant effect on parenting stress, while income did not. Social support was found to be the strongest predictor of parenting stress. The results of the study illustrate that the parenting stress experienced by parents of ASD children in Indonesia is not as high as found in other countries. This study has implications on the emphasis of social support as an interventions to deal with parenting stress in parents of ASD children in Indonesia.

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Verhoeven, Marjolein, Marianne Junger, Chantal Van Aken, Maja Deković i Marcel A. G. Van Aken. "Parenting During Toddlerhood". Journal of Family Issues 28, nr 12 (grudzień 2007): 1663–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x07302098.

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The present study examines the contribution of parental, contextual, and child characteristics to parenting behavior during toddlerhood in 111 two-parent families with a 17-month-old son ( M = 16.9 months, SD = 0.57). Parenting was conceptualized in terms of five dimensions: support, structure, positive discipline, psychological control, and physical punishment. In general, results indicate that the effects of parental, contextual, and child characteristics on parenting dimensions do not differ for mothers and fathers. The only uncovered difference concerns the effect of children's inhibitory control, which was significant for maternal but not for paternal support. For both mothers and fathers, support, structure, and the use of psychological control are mainly influenced by parental characteristics, whereas the use of positive discipline and physical punishment are best predicted by contextual characteristics. Overall, the contribution of child characteristics to parenting dimensions was moderate.

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Daulay, Nurussakinah, Neila Ramdhani i Noor Rochman Hadjam. "Sense of Competence as Mediator on Parenting Stress". Open Psychology Journal 11, nr 1 (14.11.2018): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350101811010198.

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Background:Mothers who have children with special needs are prone to parenting stress due to the limitations of the children.Objectives:This study aimed to test the contributions of hardiness, social support and child’s maladaptive behaviors as mediated by parenting sense of competence to parenting stress in mothers of children with special-need.Methods:The participants of this study were 256 mothers. Five variables used were hardiness, social support, child’s maladaptive behavior, parenting sense of competence, and parenting stress, which shaped the structural model of the study. The data of this study were analyzed in two stages, using a structural equation modeling to assess a full model and post-hoc analysis to assess the differences of parenting stress based on types of the children’s disabilities.Results:The results: 1) parenting stress was directly influenced by hardiness, social support, child’s maladaptive behavior, and parenting sense of competence; 2) The relationship between hardiness and parenting stress was mediated by parenting sense of competence; 3) the mothers having children with autism spectrum disorder went through parenting stress higher than those raising children with other types of special need.Conclusion:The importance of parenting sense of competence as the mediator variable is discussed The determinant of parenting stress is directly affected by a child’s maladaptive behavior that has a positive correlation with parenting stress. The hardiness and parenting sense of competence as mother’s internal strength has a negative correlation with parenting stress, and so do the social support as external strength.

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Key, Alicia G. "Parenting Time in Texas Child Support Cases". Family Court Review 53, nr 2 (kwiecień 2015): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fcre.12143.

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Logsdon, M. Cynthia, i Deborah Winders Davis. "Paraprofessional Support for Pregnant & Parenting Women". MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 29, nr 2 (marzec 2004): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200403000-00006.

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Boger, Robert P. "Introduction: Why perinatal parenting support and education?" Infant Mental Health Journal 7, nr 2 (1986): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0355(198622)7:2<100::aid-imhj2280070202>3.0.co;2-3.

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Berry, Karen, Yun-Hee Jeon, Kim Foster i Jennifer Fraser. "Extended parenting education in an early parenting centre". Journal of Child Health Care 20, nr 4 (26.07.2016): 446–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367493515603827.

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This article reports findings from a process and impact study of a residential early parenting centre programme in Australia. The programme supports parents with young children under the age of three, referred from health and child protection services. Multiple sources of data were used from interviews, focus groups, direct observations, observer notes and a parenting sense of competence questionnaire. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analyses, and paired t-tests were used to test data from the questionnaire. Three themes emerged from thematic analysis of the qualitative data: engaging families, building parenting capacity and transitioning back to the community. Parents’ perceptions of parent competence improved significantly between admission and discharge for participating families. Detailed accounts of the way in which nurses work to achieve positive outcomes in relation to parenting confidence and satisfaction in the short term have provided useful insights into often taken-for-granted support processes in working with referred parents. The complexity of the nurses’ role and implications for nursing practice in residential parenting centres are discussed. Future research is warranted to determine longer-term benefits of this programme being delivered in a residential early parenting centre.

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Nugraha, Setyawan Yulian, Nur Fatikhah, Sulis Tri Wahyuni i Noer Saudah. "INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR FAMILIES PARENTING MOTHER IN PREVENTING CHILD STUNTING". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) 3, nr 3 (18.12.2019): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2019/vol3/iss3/236.

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Stunting was one form of malnutrition characterized by height does not correspond to the age. The occurrence of stunting very influenced by parenting in providing nutrition in children toddlers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of social support to parenting mother's family in toddlers in the village Jabon subdistrict Mojoanyar Mojokerto regency. The method used correlation analytic design with cross sectional. The study population is the mother of the toddler who is housed in villages Jabon subdistrict Mojoanyar Mojokerto district with lots of 250 children. The sample size were 70 samples used by simple random sampling. Analysis data used linear regression. Variabel independent was social supportand was parenting mother's family. Instrumen used questionnaire social support the family with good frequency rate by 35 respondents (50.0%). Maternal parenting in preventing stunting in children with good frequency rate by 37 respondents (52.9%). Results of linear regression test with p equal to 0.00. This means relationship between social support to parenting mother's family in toddlers. The better social support mother's family then parenting in toddlers the better so as to prevent stunting.

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Widding, Ulrika. "Parental Determinism in the Swedish Strategy for Parenting Support". Social Policy and Society 17, nr 3 (16.01.2018): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000513.

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This article analyses and problematises central assumptions in Sweden's National Strategy for Developing Parenting Support, a document that addresses children's deteriorating psychological health. The analysis was performed with Bacchi's (2009) approach to policy analysis. The results show how parental determinism is expressed; psychological ill health among school-aged children is described as an individualised problem caused by insecure parents, who are represented as the most important persons in a child's life and, therefore, are considered to be risk factors that require continuous support. Evidence-based parenting support programmes in particular are described as a central tool for improving parents’ sense of responsibility and parenting skills. While the strategy aims to offer all Swedish parents support, it underlines ideals that have been related to gendered, middle-class notions of parenting. The issue concerning children's psychological health is problematised and discussed in relation to parental determinism, the risk society, equality, equity and psychological health.

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Glynn, Lisa, i Michael Dale. "Engaging dads: Enhancing support for fathers through parenting programmes". Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 27, nr 1-2 (1.01.2015): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol27iss1-2id17.

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Parenting programmes purport to improve the parenting capacity of both mothers and fathers; however it is predominantly mothers who participate. Father participation is important because fathers have a positive impact on both child development and behaviour, and out- comes for children are enhanced when both parents participate in parenting programmes. This article draws upon a study (via an online questionnaire) that explored the views of social workers about the issues affecting fathers’ participation in parenting programmes. The results showed that participants considered the qualities of the programme leader, the programme content and the philosophy of the service delivery organisation to be the most important issues impacting on father participation. From the perspective of change, qualities of the programme leader and organisational philosophy were considered the most feasible to address. The sample comprised three times more female than male participants and there was an evident difference in viewpoint according to gender on issues including the gender of the programme leader and the gender make-up of the group.

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An, Suk Young, Dalahgi Hong i Tae Hee Kim. "The Effects of Immigrant Women's Social Support and Parenting Confidence on Parenting Satisfaction". Korean Journal of Human Ecology 26, nr 1 (28.02.2017): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5934/kjhe.2017.26.1.1.

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Martin, Claude. "Parenting Support in France: Policy in an Ideological Battlefield". Social Policy and Society 14, nr 4 (9.06.2015): 609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474641500024x.

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Since the beginning of the 1990s, a set of measures and interventions has been progressively implemented in France under the heading of ‘parenting support’ (soutien à la parentalité). This article describes this policy process in order to understand the drivers, instruments and actors at work, and also to highlight the controversies and ideological roots of the policy and its framing. It is argued that parenting support policy is the result of a complex process engaging a potent combination of old and new ideas, objectives and instruments which involve political and ideological contestation. The current turn to parenting in France is mainly a recalibration of previous experiences that were themselves also the site of important contradictions and controversies.

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Lin, Hung-Chu, Janna Bourque, Paula Zeanah i Robert McFatter. "Perceptions of Stress and Enrichment in Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Community Support". Societies 8, nr 3 (17.09.2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc8030088.

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Compared to negative experiences associated with parenting a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), research has paid much less attention to positive aspects of experiences. This study examined both experiences of stress and enrichment in parenting a child with ASD to provide insights for practical community support services. Eighty-seven caregivers responded to the Effects of the Situation Questionnaire, a modified version of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (2nd Ed.), and the Parental Sense of Competence Scale. Stress and enrichment were examined in their relations to child symptom severity, number of child-focused services, and parenting self-efficacy. Parenting self-efficacy and perceived level of stress, but not child symptom severity or number of child-focused services, were correlated with parental experiences of enrichment. The link between parenting self-efficacy and enrichment was mitigated by reported levels of stress. The findings revealed the paradoxical existence of enrichment experiences despite challenges in parenting a child with ASD. Notably, a higher number of community supports was associated with higher levels of stress, suggesting quality of support may be more important than involvement in numerous services. Moreover, enrichment occurs disregarding child’s symptoms and entails properly managing stress and a sense of parenting efficacy.

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Xu, Yiyuan, Jo Ann M. Farver, Zengxiu Zhang, Qiang Zeng, Lidong Yu i Beiying Cai. "Mainland Chinese parenting styles and parent–child interaction". International Journal of Behavioral Development 29, nr 6 (listopad 2005): 524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01650250500147121.

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Parenting styles and mother–child interaction were examined with 97 Mainland Chinese mothers (M age 1/4 29.64 years, SD 1/4 3.64) and their young children (M 1/4 24.30 months, SD 1/4 4.57). Mothers completed questionnaires about their parenting styles, orientation to Chinese cultural values, perceived parenting stress, and sources of social support. The regression analyses showed that mothers’ adherence to Chinese values was associated with both authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles. Other characteristics of the family contexts, such as perceived parenting distress, social support, and years of education, also contributed to Chinese mothers’ parenting styles. Mother–child dysfunctional interaction was associated with mothers’ heightened parenting distress, a lack of perceived social support, and perceptions of children's difficultness. Group comparisons revealed that Chinese mothers who had high scores for both authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles adhered most strongly to the Chinese cultural values. The findings suggest that the aspects of families’ eco-cultural settings such as mothers’ endorsement of Chinese cultural values and perceived parenting stress contribute to their parenting styles and interaction with their children.

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Ortega, Debora M. "How much support is too much? Parenting Efficacy and Social Support". Children and Youth Services Review 24, nr 11 (listopad 2002): 853–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-7409(02)00239-6.

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Zaidman-Zait, Anat, Pat Mirenda, Eric Duku, Tracy Vaillancourt, Isabel M. Smith, Peter Szatmari, Susan Bryson i in. "Impact of personal and social resources on parenting stress in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder". Autism 21, nr 2 (9.07.2016): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316633033.

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This study examined the longitudinal associations between child behavior problems, coping strategies, social resources, and parenting stress in mothers of young children with autism spectrum disorder. Participants were 283 mothers who completed self- and child-report measures at the time of diagnosis and 2 years later. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to predict overall parenting stress. At diagnosis, the final model indicated that high levels of social support and mothers’ use of active engaged coping strategies were associated with lower levels of parenting stress. Conversely, high levels of child externalizing behavior problems, family dysfunction, and mothers’ use of disengaged coping strategies were associated with higher parenting stress. Two years later, high levels of parenting stress at diagnosis predicted increased parenting stress. In addition, high or increasing levels of social support predicted a decrease in parenting stress, while high or increasing levels of family dysfunction predicted increased stress. Finally, increased use of disengaged coping strategies and decreased use of active coping strategies over time predicted higher levels of parenting stress. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for the provision of targeted supports that are designed to enhance the personal and social resources available to mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.

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Daly, Mary. "Introduction: Parenting Support in European Countries: A Complex Development in Social Policy". Social Policy and Society 14, nr 4 (11.09.2015): 593–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000317.

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This themed section focuses on parenting support as a social policy phenomenon within and across five European countries. The provisions involved include: information to parents about parenting and child-rearing (through helplines and websites as well as face-to-face services), organised parenting classes or programmes, one-to-one counselling and intensive work around parenting behaviours in ‘troubled families’, professional and non-professional networks and service provision oriented to reduce social isolation and increase social integration (especially among ‘minority’ sections of the population). Why are these developments interesting and why do they merit a themed section? There are numerous answers to this question. In the first instance, these measures are an interesting instance of social policy's increasing interest in what happens between parents and their children. Secondly, studying parenting support helps to reveal fundamental contestations between state and society with regard to the management of personal life and the governance of family. Thirdly, analysing developments helps to explore emerging specialist areas of social policy and how these tie in with public and political constructions of ‘social problems’.

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Forman, Sylvia. "Evaluating the Parenting of Caregiving Grandparents". CommonHealth 2, nr 1 (8.04.2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15367/ch.v2i1.406.

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Background and Purpose: In Philadelphia, over 15,000 grandparents are primary caregivers for grandchildren. Children raised by grandparents have increased risk for health and behavior issues. The SOWN Grandfamily Resource Center (GFRC) provides social services and parenting education for caregiving grandparents. This project investigates whether the annual Department of Human Services (DHS) Parenting pre- and post-survey measures parenting changes for grandparents participating in the GFRC. Methods: Selected DHS survey questions were grouped into subscales measuring social support and parenting practices. Associations between social support and parenting were examined, and average subscale scores and percentage of grandparents demonstrating positive beliefs and practices were compared between 16 matched pre- and post-surveys using paired t-tests and McNemar’s tests. Results: McNemar’s tests determined the changes from pre- to post-survey were not statistically significant, with p-values between .625 and 1. The change in mean score for nurturing behavior was statistically significant, . Social support had a moderate, statistically significant, positive association with all parenting measures. Conclusion: Participants averaged 4.1 years of GFRC participation and demonstrated high levels of initial knowledge and parenting practice, but not a significant change from pre to post. The positive association between social support and parenting practice is supported by research that a caregiver’s distress negatively impacts parenting. Social relevance: The parenting qualities included here can alleviate some of the health and behavior problems experienced by children exposed to trauma as well as reduce the parenting stress experienced by caregiving grandparents.

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de Haan, Amaranta D., Peter Prinzie i Maja Deković. "Change and reciprocity in adolescent aggressive and rule-breaking behaviors and parental support and dysfunctional discipline". Development and Psychopathology 24, nr 1 (31.01.2012): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579411000848.

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AbstractThis study examined how the development of aggressive/rule-breaking behaviors (9–17 years) is related to the development of overreactive and warm parenting, and explored gender differences in development and interrelations. Externalizing was assessed using combined mother/father reports of the Child Behavior Checklist (N = 516). Overreactivity was assessed using self-reports of the Parenting Scale; warmth was measured using self-reports of the Parenting Practices Questionnaire. All constructs were assessed three times across 6 years. The interrelated development of externalizing and parenting was examined by cohort-sequential multigroup latent growth models. Timing of effects was investigated using multigroup cross-lagged models. The results from latent growth models suggest that boys and girls change similarly in the extent to which they show externalizing behaviors, and indicate that mothers and fathers show somewhat different parenting toward boys than girls. No gender differences were found for interrelations between externalizing and parenting. Initial levels of aggression were related to changes in overreactivity and warmth, and vice versa. Changes in externalizing were related to changes in parenting. Cross-lagged models showed that relations between overreactivity and aggression/rule breaking were reciprocal. Together, results from this study show that adolescent externalizing and parenting affect each other in important ways, regardless of the gender of the child or the parent.

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Galbally, Megan, Stuart J. Watson, Philip Boyce i Andrew J. Lewis. "The role of trauma and partner support in perinatal depression and parenting stress: An Australian pregnancy cohort study". International Journal of Social Psychiatry 65, nr 3 (27.03.2019): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764019838307.

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Background: Improving our understanding of the relationship between maternal depression and parenting stress is likely to lie in the range of additional factors that are associated with vulnerability to depression and also to parenting stress. Objectives: To examine the role of trauma and partner support, in understanding the relationship between perinatal depression and parenting stress. Methods: This study utilises data from 246 women in a pregnancy cohort study that followed women from early pregnancy until their infant was 12 months. Included were both women with a diagnosis of depression and those without depression. The measures included Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Social Support Effectiveness Questionnaire and the Parenting Stress Index. Results: We found women with depression were more likely to report a history of childhood trauma. Depressive symptoms were positively associated with parenting stress while partner support was negatively associated with parenting stress. The protective role of partner support for parenting distress was observed in those with no history of childhood abuse and low depressive symptoms, but not in those with a trauma history and high depressive symptoms. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of early trauma in understanding the protective role of support on the relationship between parenting and depression. These findings can inform future studies and the refinement of future interventions aimed at both perinatal depression and parenting.

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Daly, Mary, i Rachel Bray. "Parenting Support in England: The Bedding Down of a New Policy". Social Policy and Society 14, nr 4 (3.06.2015): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000214.

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This article enquires into how parenting support, as concept, policy and provision, has penetrated the English social policy landscape, and critically considers why it has proved so popular with policy makers. It first outlines the existing policy configuration. The second section identifies some key factors precipitating the roll-out of parenting support and the third section takes an overview of the significance of the developments from a social and family policy perspective. The argument advanced is that the growth and expansion of parenting support is explained by a coming together of a set of political exigencies around ‘risk’ and the healthy child, and a set of policy ‘solutions’ which are seen to have high promise. In particular, parenting support has the advantage of being relatively easily generalisable (especially in the form of programmes) and aligns with several current developments of the welfare state, towards activation, provision of support through services and an interest in localism.

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Ng, Bonnie Hoi Lam, i Eva Yi Hung Lau. "Influences of Psychological Well-being, Job Support, and Paternal Involvement on Working Mothers’ Involvement and Authoritative Parenting in Hong Kong". Journal of Family Issues 41, nr 10 (27.05.2020): 1742–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x20916856.

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This study explored the influences of maternal psychological well-being, maternal job support, and paternal involvement on the involvement and authoritative parenting of Hong Kong working mothers. A total of 193 mothers and their spouses completed a questionnaire to assess their involvement. Mothers also completed questionnaires to assess their psychological well-being, perceived job support, and authoritative parenting. Findings from regression analyses showed that maternal psychological well-being, maternal job support, and paternal involvement predicted how involved or authoritative mothers would be in their parenting. The findings reveal that caring relationships, support in the workplace, and paternal involvement are important in encouraging the involvement and authoritative parenting of working mothers.

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Jones, Shayne, Elizabeth Cauffman i Alex R. Piquero. "The Influence of Parental Support Among Incarcerated Adolescent Offenders". Criminal Justice and Behavior 34, nr 2 (luty 2007): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854806288710.

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According to the general theory of crime, parents play a prominent role in the development of self-control among their children. However, the evidence regarding the effects of parenting on antisocial behavior beyond the acquisition of self-control is equivocal, perhaps because of how parenting has been conceptualized. Also, there is contradictory evidence regarding the moderating effect of self-control on the relationship between parenting and antisocial behavior. The current analysis addresses these issues by exploring the interrelationships between parental support, impulse control, and consideration of others among an incarcerated sample of adolescents. Findings indicate that the relationship between parental support and antisocial behavior remains after controlling for self-control. Additionally, parental support is more influential in reducing antisocial behavior among those low in impulse control but less influential in affecting those who are low in consideration of others.

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