Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Parasternal intercostal

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Parasternal intercostal”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 13 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Parasternal intercostal"

1

De Troyer, A., i G. A. Farkas. "Linkage between parasternals and external intercostals during resting breathing". Journal of Applied Physiology 69, nr 2 (1.08.1990): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.69.2.509.

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To assess the mechanical coupling between the parasternal and external intercostals in the cranial portion of the rib cage, we measured the respiratory changes in length and the electromyograms of the two muscles in the same third or fourth intercostal space in 24 spontaneously breathing dogs. We found that 1) the amount of inspiratory shortening of the external intercostal was considerably smaller than the amount of shortening of the parasternal; 2) after selective denervation of the parasternal, the inspiratory shortening of both the parasternal and the external intercostal was almost abolished; 3) on the other hand, after selective denervation of the external intercostal, the inspiratory shortening of the parasternal was unchanged, and the inspiratory shortening of the external intercostal was reduced but not suppressed; and 4) this persistent shortening of the external intercostal was reversed into a clear-cut inspiratory lengthening when the parasternal was subsequently denervated. We conclude that in the dog 1) the inspiratory contraction of the external intercostals in the cranial portion of the rib cage is agonistic in nature as is the contraction of the parasternals; 2) during resting breathing, however, the changes in length of these external intercostals are largely determined by the action of the parasternals. These observations are consistent with the idea that in the dog, the parasternals play a larger role than the external intercostals in elevating the ribs during resting inspiratio
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De Troyer, A. "Inspiratory elevation of the ribs in the dog: primary role of the parasternals [published errata appear in J Appl Physiol 1991 Aug;71(2):following Table of Contents and 1991 Dec;71(6):following Author Index]". Journal of Applied Physiology 70, nr 4 (1.04.1991): 1447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.70.4.1447.

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To assess the relative contributions of the different groups of inspiratory intercostal muscles to the cranial motion of the ribs in the dog, we have measured the axial displacement of the fourth rib and recorded the electromyograms of the parasternal intercostal, external intercostal, and levator costae in the third interspace in 15 anesthetized animals breathing at rest. In eight animals, the parasternal intercostals were denervated in interspaces 1-5. This procedure caused a marked increase in the amount of external intercostal and levator costae inspiratory activity, and yet the inspiratory cranial motion of the rib was reduced by 55%. On the other hand, the external intercostals in interspaces 1-5 were sectioned in seven animals, and the reduction in the cranial rib motion was only 22%; the amount of parasternal and levator costae activity, however, was unchanged. When the parasternals in these animals were subsequently denervated, the levator costae inspiratory activity increased markedly, but the inspiratory cranial motion of the rib was abolished or reversed into an inspiratory caudal motion. These studies thus confirm that, in the dog breathing at rest, the parasternal intercostals have a larger role than the external intercostals and levator costae in causing the cranial motion of the ribs during inspiration. A quantitative analysis suggests that the parasternal contribution is approximately 80%.
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De Troyer, A., i G. A. Farkas. "Mechanical arrangement of the parasternal intercostals in the different interspaces". Journal of Applied Physiology 66, nr 3 (1.03.1989): 1421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.3.1421.

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When the parasternal intercostal in a single interspace is selectively denervated in dogs with diaphragmatic paralysis, it continues to shorten during both quiet and occluded inspiration. In the present studies, we have tested the hypothesis that this passive parasternal inspiratory shortening is due to the action of the other parasternal intercostals. Changes in length of the denervated third right parasternal were measured in eight supine phrenicotomized animals. We found that 1) the inspiratory muscle shortening increased after denervation of the third left parasternal but gradually decreased with denervation of the parasternals situated in the second, fourth, and fifth interspaces; 2) the muscle, however, always continued to shorten during inspiration, even after denervation of all the parasternals; 3) stimulating selectively the third left parasternal caused a muscle lengthening; and 4) bilateral stimulation of the parasternals in the second or the fourth interspace produced a muscle shortening. We conclude that 1) the two parasternals situated in the same interspace on both sides of the sternum are mechanically arranged in series, whereas the parasternals located in adjacent interspaces are mechanically arranged in parallel; and 2) if a denervated parasternal continues to shorten during inspiration, this is in part because of the action of the parasternals in the adjacent interspaces and in part because of other inspiratory muscles of the rib cage, possibly the external intercostals and the levator costae.
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Kelsen, S. G., S. Bao, A. J. Thomas, I. A. Mardini i G. J. Criner. "Structure of parasternal intercostal muscles in the adult hamster: topographic effects". Journal of Applied Physiology 75, nr 3 (1.09.1993): 1150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.3.1150.

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The parasternal intercostals are primary inspiratory muscles like the costal and crural diaphragm. However, the structure of the rib cage and its impedance to inspiration and expiration varies regionally. We questioned whether topographic differences in rib cage structure and impedance were associated with regional differences in parasternal intercostal muscle structure. Therefore, we examined the size and percentage of histochemically stained fibers in the parasternal intercostal muscles in the first, second, third, fourth, and sixth interspaces in the hamster. We observed a rostrocaudal gradient in the percentage and size of slow oxidative (SO), fast oxidative-glycolytic, and fast glycolytic (FG) fibers in the parasternal intercostal muscles. In particular, the percentage of SO decreased while the percentage of FG increased in a rostrocaudal direction in the first through sixth interspaces. In addition, the size of SO and FG fibers increased from the first to sixth interspace. Furthermore, changes in the size and percent of the three fiber types produced, in a rostrocaudal direction, significant reductions in the relative mass of the parasternal intercostal muscle made up of SO fibers and increases in the mass of fast fibers. We speculate that topographical differences in the size and percentage of fast and slow twitch fibers in the parasternal intercostal are likely to alter force-generating capacity of the parasternal muscles in a rostrocaudal direction and likely reflect regional differences in muscle load and/or activity.
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Leenaerts, P., i M. Decramer. "Respiratory changes in parasternal intercostal intramuscular pressure". Journal of Applied Physiology 68, nr 3 (1.03.1990): 868–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.68.3.868.

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In an attempt to obtain insight in the forces developed by the parasternal intercostal muscles during breathing, changes in parasternal intramuscular pressure (PIP) were measured in 14 supine anesthetized dogs using a microtransducer method. In six animals, during bilateral parasternal stimulation a linear relationship between contractile force exerted on the rib and PIP was demonstrated (r greater than 0.95). In eight animals, during quiet active inspiration, substantial (55 +/- 11.5 cmH2O) PIP was developed. During inspiratory resistive loading and airway occlusion the inspiratory rise in PIP increased in proportion to the inspiratory fall in pleural pressure (r = 0.82). Phrenicotomy and vagotomy resulted in an increase in the inspiratory rise in PIP of 21% and 99%, respectively. During passive deflation, when the parasternal intercostals were passively lengthened, large rises (320 +/- 221 cmH2O) in intramuscular pressure were observed. During passive inflation intramuscular pressure remained constant or even decreased slightly (-8 +/- 25 cmH2O) as expected on the basis of the passive shortening of the muscles. PIP thus invariably increased when tension increased either actively or passively. From PIP it is clear that the parasternals exert significant forces on the ribs during respiratory maneuvers.
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Wilson, T. A., i A. De Troyer. "Respiratory effect of the intercostal muscles in the dog". Journal of Applied Physiology 75, nr 6 (1.12.1993): 2636–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.6.2636.

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In a previous paper (J. Appl. Physiol. 73: 2283–2288, 1992), respiratory effect was defined as the change in airway pressure produced by active tension in a muscle with the airway closed, mechanical advantage was defined as the respiratory effect per unit mass per unit active stress, and it was shown that mechanical advantage is proportional to muscle shortening during the relaxation maneuver. Here, we report values of mechanical advantage and maximum respiratory effect of the intercostal muscles of the dog. Orientations of the intercostal muscles in the third and sixth interspaces were measured. Mechanical advantages of the muscles in these interspaces were computed by computing their shortening from these data and data in the literature on rib displacement. We found that parasternal internal intercostals and dorsal external intercostals of the upper interspace have large inspiratory mechanical advantages and that dorsal internal intercostals of the lower interspace and triangularis sterni have large expiratory mechanical advantages. Mass distributions in the two interspaces were also measured, and maximum respiratory effects of the muscles were calculated from their mass, mechanical advantage, and the value for maximum stress in skeletal muscle. Estimated maximum respiratory effects of the inspiratory and expiratory muscle groups of the entire rib cage were tested by measuring the maximum inspiratory pressures that were generated by the parasternal and external intercostals acting alone. Measured pressures, -13 cmH2O for the parasternals and -11 cmH2O for the external intercostals, agreed well with the computed values.
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De Troyer, André, i Dimitri Leduc. "Effect of diaphragmatic contraction on the action of the canine parasternal intercostals". Journal of Applied Physiology 101, nr 1 (lipiec 2006): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01465.2005.

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The inspiratory intercostal muscles enhance the force generated by the diaphragm during lung expansion. However, whether the diaphragm also alters the force developed by the inspiratory intercostals is unknown. Two experiments were performed in dogs to answer the question. In the first experiment, external, cranially oriented forces were applied to the different rib pairs to assess the effect of diaphragmatic contraction on the coupling between the ribs and the lung. The fall in airway opening pressure (ΔPao) produced by a given force on the ribs was invariably greater during phrenic nerve stimulation than with the diaphragm relaxed. The cranial rib displacement (Xr), however, was 40–50% smaller, thus indicating that the increase in ΔPao was exclusively the result of the increase in diaphragmatic elastance. In the second experiment, the parasternal intercostal muscle in the fourth interspace was selectively activated, and the effects of diaphragmatic contraction on the ΔPao and Xr caused by parasternal activation were compared with those observed during the application of external loads on the ribs. Stimulating the phrenic nerves increased the ΔPao and reduced the Xr produced by the parasternal intercostal, and the magnitudes of the changes were identical to those observed during external rib loading. It is concluded, therefore, that the diaphragm has no significant synergistic or antagonistic effect on the force developed by the parasternal intercostals during breathing. This lack of effect is probably related to the constraint imposed on intercostal muscle length by the ribs and sternum.
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Shibata, Yasuyuki. "Parasternal Intercostal Nerve Block". Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 43 (2017): S183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.08.1618.

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Levine, Sanford, Taitan Nguyen, Michael Friscia, Jianliang Zhu, Wilson Szeto, John C. Kucharczuk, Boris A. Tikunov, Neal A. Rubinstein, Larry R. Kaiser i Joseph B. Shrager. "Parasternal intercostal muscle remodeling in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Journal of Applied Physiology 101, nr 5 (listopad 2006): 1297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01607.2005.

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Studies in experimental animals indicate that chronic increases in neural drive to limb muscles elicit a fast-to-slow transformation of fiber-type proportions and myofibrillar proteins. Since neural drive to the parasternal intercostal muscles (parasternals) is chronically increased in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPDs), we carried out the present study to test the hypothesis that the parasternals of COPD patients exhibit an increase in the proportions of both slow fibers and slow myosin heavy chains (MHCs). Accordingly, we obtained full thickness parasternal muscle biopsies from the third interspace of seven COPD patients (mean ± SE age: 59 ± 4 yr) and seven age-matched controls (AMCs). Fiber typing was done by immunohistochemistry, and MHC proportions were determined by SDS-PAGE followed by densitometry. COPD patients exhibited higher proportions of slow fibers than AMCs (73 ± 4 vs. 51 ± 3%; P < 0.01). Additionally, COPD patients exhibited higher proportions of slow MHC than AMCs (56 ± 4 vs. 46 ± 4%, P < 0.04). We conclude that the parasternal muscles of patients with severe COPD exhibit a fast-to-slow transformation in both fiber-type and MHC proportions. Previous workers have demonstrated that remodeling of the external intercostals, another rib cage inspiratory muscle, elicited by severe COPD is characterized by a slow-to-fast transformation in both fiber types and MHC isoform proportions. The physiological significance of this difference in remodeling between these two inspiratory rib cage muscles remains to be elucidated.
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10

De Troyer, A., i G. Farkas. "Mechanics of the parasternal intercostals in prone dogs: statics and dynamics". Journal of Applied Physiology 74, nr 6 (1.06.1993): 2757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.6.2757.

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It is well established that the parasternal intercostal muscles in supine dogs play a major role in causing the inspiratory elevation of the ribs. This posture, however, is not physiological in the dog. In the present study, we measured the electromyographic (EMG) activity and the respiratory changes in length of these muscles in the prone (standing) and supine postures in seven anesthetized spontaneously breathing dogs. With a change from the supine to the prone posture, the parasternal intercostals showed a 3.2% reduction in their relaxation length (Lr), but their mechanical behavior was essentially unchanged. Thus, the muscles continued to shorten below Lr during inspiration and to lengthen beyond Lr during expiration. With the adoption of the prone posture, the amount of parasternal inspiratory EMG activity and the amount of inspiratory muscle shortening each increased by 30–35%. Furthermore, when the parasternal intercostal in a single interspace was selectively denervated, the shortening of the muscle during inspiration in both postures was virtually eliminated. These observations indicate that in the dog the parasternal intercostals still play a major role in causing the inspiratory elevation of the ribs in the prone posture. These observations also suggest that these muscles in prone animals continue to operate on the descending limb of their length-tension curve.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Parasternal intercostal"

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MacBean, Victoria Olivia. "The utility of surface parasternal intercostal electromyography in the assessment of paediatric respiratory disease". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-utility-of-surface-parasternal-intercostal-electromyography-in-the-assessment-of-paediatric-respiratory-disease(27d87019-ed35-473e-a7eb-66d819e55582).html.

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Respiratory disease is the most common cause of both acute and chronic illness in children. Optimal management of respiratory disease relies on accurate assessment of disease severity and response to interventions. Current measures of pulmonary function are both unsuited to use in pre-school age children as well as poorly representing the range of pathophysiological changes occurring across the spectrum of lung diseases in children. Electromyography of the parasternal intercostal muscles (EMGpara), as a marker of respiratory system load-capacity balance, may represent a novel, effort-independent method for assessment of respiratory disease in paediatric populations. The studies within this thesis assessed the application of EMGpara in evaluating response to clinical interventions in children with asthma and cystic fibrosis, as well as obtaining values of EMGpara values in healthy children, and comparing these measures of EMGpara to those obtained in the children with respiratory disease. This thesis also further investigated the relationship between EMGpara and conventional measures of pulmonary function in both adult and paediatric subjects. Reductions in EMGpara activity were demonstrated following administration of bronchodilator in children with asthma, and with resolution of an infective exacerbation in children hospitalised for an acute exacerbation of cystic fibrosis lung disease. Data from a large cohort of healthy children, as well as highlighting technical and developmental considerations relevant to clinical application of the EMGpara technique, also demonstrated higher levels of EMGpara in children with respiratory disease compared to healthy controls. The absence of statistically significant correlations between EMGpara and standard pulmonary function variables from the studies conducted in both children with respiratory disease and in adult subjects undergoing incremental induced bronchoconstriction indicated the complex, multifactorial relationship between respiratory muscle activity and pulmonary function. While EMGpara cannot be viewed as a substitute for conventional lung function techniques, the data from the studies contained within this thesis support further investigation and development of this novel method to assess of respiratory disease.
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Saboisky, Julian Peter Clinical School Prince of Wales Hospital Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Neural drive to human respiratory muscles". Publisher:University of New South Wales. Clinical School - Prince of Wales Hospital, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42792.

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This thesis addresses the organisation of drive to human upper airway and inspiratory pump muscles. The characterisation of single motor unit activity is important as the discharge frequency or timing of discharge of each motor unit directly reflects the output of single motoneurones. Thus, the firing properties of a population of motor units is indicative of the neural drive to the motoneurone pool. The experiments presented in Chapter 2 measured the recruitment time of five inspiratory pump muscles (diaphragm, scalene, second parasternal intercostal, and third and fifth dorsal external intercostal muscles) during normal quiet breathing and quantified the timing and magnitude of drive reaching each muscle. Chapter 3 examined the EMG activity of a major upper airway muscle (the genioglossus). The single motor units of the genioglossus display activity that can be grouped into six types based on its association or lack of association with respiration. The types of activity are termed: Inspiratory Phasic, Inspiratory Tonic, Expiratory Phasic, Expiratory Tonic, Tonic, and Tonic Other. A new method is presented in Chapter 4 to illustrate large amounts of data from single motor units recorded from respiratory muscles in a concise manner. This single figure displays for each motor unit, the recruitment time and firing frequency, the peak discharge frequency and its time, and the derecruitment time and its frequency. This method, termed the time-and-frequency plot, is used to demonstrate differences in behaviour between populations of diaphragm (Chapter 2) and genioglossus (Chapter 3) motoneurones. In Chapter 5, genioglossus activity during quiet breathing is compared between a group of patients with severe OSA and healthy control subjects. The distribution of central drive is identical between the OSA and control subjects with the same proportion of the six types of motor unit activity in both groups. However, there are alterations in the onset time of Inspiratory Phasic and Inspiratory Tonic motor units in OSA subjects and their peak discharge rates are also altered. Single motor unit action potentials in OSA subjects showed an increased area. This suggests the presence of neurogenic changes and may provide a pathophysiological explanation for the increased multiunit electromyographic activity reported in OSA subjects during wakefulness.
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Książki na temat "Parasternal intercostal"

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Vassilakopoulos, Theodoros, i Charis Roussos. Respiratory muscle function in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0077.

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The inspiratory muscles are the diaphragm, external intercostals and parasternal internal intercostal muscles. The internal intercostals and abdominal muscles are expiratory. The ability of a subject to take one breath depends on the balance between the load faced by the inspiratory muscles and their neuromuscular competence. The ability of a subject to sustain the respiratory load over time (endurance) depends on the balance between energy supplied to the inspiratory muscles and their energy demands. Hyperinflation puts the diaphragm at a great mechanical disadvantage, decreasing its force-generating capacity. In response to acute increases in load the inspiratory muscles become fatigued and inflammed. In response to reduction in load by the use of mechanical ventilation they develop atrophy and dysfunction. Global respiratory muscle function can be tested using maximum static inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures, and sniff pressure. Diaphragm function can be tested by measuring the transdiaphragmatic and twitch pressures developed upon electrical or magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerve.
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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Parasternal intercostal"

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Tagliabue, Giovanni, Micheal Ji, Jenny Jagers, Devin Dean, Eric Wilde i Paul Easton. "Limitations of superficial EMG estimate of parasternal intercostal muscle activity". W ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa1866.

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Ozturk, F., M. Bicer, AM Yayik, S. Cesur i OF Gulasti. "ESRA19-0550 Ultrasound guided parasternal subpectoral intercostal plane block for pediatric open heart surgery". W Abstracts of the European Society of Regional Anesthesia, September 11–14, 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2019-esraabs2019.90.

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MacBean, Victoria, Alan C. Lunt, Vikram Palit, Caroline Jolley, Anne Greenough, John Moxham i Gerrard Rafferty. "Electromyography Of The Parasternal Intercostal Muscles Detects Change In Neural Respiratory Drive In Asthmatic Children". W American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a5483.

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Moore, A., L. Estrada, M. Lozano-García, N. Matcha, PSP Cho, K. Newlove, S. Paulson i in. "S110 The relationship between parasternal intercostal muscle electromyogram activity, breathlessness and disease impact in COPD". W British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2018, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 5 to 7 December 2018, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2018-212555.116.

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Reilly, Charles C., Katarzyna Swist - sZulik, Caroline J. Jolley, Anne Greenough, John Moxham i Gerrard F. Rafferty. "Neural Respiratory Drive Measured Using Surface Parasternal Intercostal Electromyography During Hypercapnia Induced Ventilation And Inspiratory Loading". W American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a6506.

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Wallbridge, Peter, Selina Parry, Sourav Das, Candice Law, Gary Hammerschlag, Louis Irving, Mark Hew i Daniel Steinfort. "Parasternal intercostal muscle ultrasound measurements correlate with disease severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pilot study". W ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa3895.

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Crossley, M., L. Estrada, M. Lozano-García, A. Moore, S. Maxwell, PSP Cho, HV Fletcher i in. "S76 Use of parasternal intercostal electromyography to investigate the impact of comorbid heart failure on neural respiratory drive in COPD". W British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2019, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 4 to 6 December 2019, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2019-btsabstracts2019.82.

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Steier, Joerg, Caroline J. Jolley, Katie Ward, John Seymour, Charles Reilly, Michael I. Polkey i John Moxham. "Electromyogram Of The Parasternal Intercostals To Monitor Nocturnal Asthma". W American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a2533.

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