Rozprawy doktorskie: „Pain and pleasure”

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Leknes, Siri. "Pain, pleasure and relief". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491178.

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Pain and pleasure have historically been considered opposites, and appear to have mutually inhibitory effects. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the relationships between pain, pleasure and relief, both in terms of affect and in terms of the neural processing underpinning these sensations and their interactions. To this end, three psychophysical and four functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies were conducted. The first study investigated the neural underpinnings of itch and motivation for relief. The results demonstrated the involvement of a network of regions previously implicated in sensory and motivational structures, highlighting the perhaps inextricable link between an unpleasant sensation and the desire for relief. The next three studies formed a senes ofpsychophysical investigations aiming to characterize the sensation of relief from brief thermal heat pain, and testing a number ofpredictions from the opponent process theory about relief. The behavioural measures of relief from these experiments showed a strong resemblance to the opponent process ofpain. The next study investigated the effects of anticipatory pleasure on pain processing. Anticipatory pleasure was induced via expectation of immediate cooling relief following noxious thermal stimulation, and results from physiological and fMRI data supported the hypothesis that anticipatory pleasure would reduce pain. The third fMRI experiment reported here investigated the relationship between relief and pleasure processing in the brain. Relief was induced via a safety cue following a 50% predictive pain cue. To allow for the comparison between relief and more classical reward processing, subjects imagined pleasant and neutral scenarios. Results showed some differences but also important similarities in relief and pleasure processing, notably in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum, where activation correlated with reported pleasantness. The final study reported here used fMRI to investigate the neural substrates ofpleasant pain. A moderate pain stimulus was presented in two different contexts. In one context, the alternative outcome was intensely painful, such that moderate pain caused relief; this stimulus was rated as pleasant during the experiment. In the other context, the moderate pain represented the worst outcome, and was rated as painful. Significant differences between the two (identical) moderate thermal stimuli were found in ratings of sensation and affect, as well as in arousal and activation in medial orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala. These brain regions appear to be involved when a painful sensation is transformed into pleasure. Overall, the results reported in this thesis demonstrated a strong link between relief from pain and pleasure. These findings support the notion that pain and pleasure are opposites and mutually inhibitory in some contexts, but as demonstrated by the co-occurrence of pain and pleasure in the last study reported here, the relationship between pain, pleasure and the resulting hedonic perception is complex. As recognised by Bentham more than two centuries ago, pain and pleasure are the two 'masters of mankind.' The results from this thesis suggest that as we move into a new era of neuroscientific research, the hedonic aspects ofpain and pleasure should be revisited, and their complementary natures explored further.

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Ruberg, Bonnie. "Pixel Whipped| Pain, Pleasure, and Media". Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3733365.

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At a time when technology seems increasingly poised to render the material realities of its users obsolete, putting the body back into digital media has become a matter of pressing social significance. Scholars like Lisa Nakamura have written compellingly about the importance of attending to the embodied identities of those who sit behind the screen: a crucial step toward disrupting the systems of inequality that characterize much of twenty-first-century Western digital culture. Similarly dedicated to issues of social justice, this project argues for turning attention to another essential element of the relationship between technology and the body: how digital media makes users feel. Far from being disembodied, digital tools have become crucial platforms for expressions of selfhood and desire. Yet, on a phenomenological level, virtual experiences also have a surprising capacity to directly affect the real, physical body. To demonstrate this, this project maps a network of key examples that illustrate how pain and pleasure—commonly imagined as the most embodied sensations—have in fact been brought to life through a range of media forms.

Beginning with the novels of the Marquis de Sade, Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, and Pauline Réage, this project contends that concepts of sadomasochism and literature have evolved side by side for more than two centuries. Moving from textual to visual forms, the project turns to Pier Pasolini’s Salò, a film that notoriously “hurts to watch,” to investigate the intersection of violence, complicity, and viewership. Next, the project moves into the digital realm, offering a reading of the erotic power exchange that drives video-game interactivity. In the final chapter, the project explores digital BDSM: practices of bondage, discipline, sadism, and masochism that take place entirely in virtual spaces. Across these chapters, the project argues for the value of “kink” as a critical lens, much like the “queerness” in queer studies, which underscores the cultural and personal significance of experiences that hurt. Together, the works and cultures considered here bring much-needed attention to the place of non-normative desires in media, both digital and non-digital. They also serve to productively challenge the perceived divide between the “virtual” and the “real.”

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SOUZA, RODRIGO ALCANTARA DE. "PAIN AND PLEASURE AT THE MUSICAL PRACTICE". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=22175@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Apesar de ser um tema pouco divulgado tanto publicamente quanto dentro da própria classe musical, é grande o número de músicos que sofre com dores, desconfortos e até mesmo lesões e outros problemas de saúde decorrentes da atividade musical. A respeito disso se têm observado, nas últimas décadas, um crescente interesse de pesquisadores, principalmente da área da saúde, o que faz com que já existe uma considerável bibliografia sobre o assunto. Entretanto, ainda existem muitas lacunas de conhecimento que precisam ser preenchidas a fim de tornar a prática musical (profissional ou não) menos prejudicial à saúde de seus praticantes. Esta pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, investiga o tema numa amostra de 39 músicos instrumentistas da cidade de Manaus, dando ênfase às questões emocionais envolvidas na prática e sobre como elas podem interferir na percepção desses constrangimentos por parte dos indivíduos. Um dos pontos centrais abordados é a questão de que a prática musical seria uma situação favorável à ocorrência do estado de flow (CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, 1997), o que justificaria o fato de muitos músicos nem perceberem as dores e desconfortos durante a execução das atividades. Foi aplicado junto a esses respondentes um instrumento de coleta de dados composto de quatro partes: um questionário com informações gerais sobre a prática musical e os constrangimentos; um processo de ordenação de cartões com emoções/sentimentos presentes na prática; uma série de escalas de avaliação tratando do estado de flow e da cultura da dedicação presente no meio musical; e uma entrevista final visando ter opiniões mais aprofundadas dos músicos a respeito do tema tratado. Os dados coletados foram cruzados e analisados e os resultados apontam, entre outras coisas, que a prática musical, dentro dessa amostra, apresenta características similares às encontradas nas ocorrências do estado de flow e ainda contam da importância das questões emocionais na prática, de acordo com a opinião dos músicos participantes.
Despite being a little divulged issue both publicly and within the musical class, is high the number of musicians who suffer from pains, discomforts and even injuries and other health problems associated with the musical activity. About this, have been observed in recent decades, a growing interest from researchers, especially in the health area, which means there is already a considerable literature on the subject. However, there are still many knowledge gaps that need to be filled in order to make the musical practice (professional or not) less harmful.This study, which has an exploratory character, investigates this issue with a sample of 39 instrumentalists from Manaus, emphasizing the emotional aspects involved in the practice and how they can interfere in the perception of the constraints of these individuals. One of the main points discussed is that musical practice would be a favorable situation to occurrence of flow state (CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, 1997) what could justify the fact that many musicians don’t even realize the pain and injuries during the execution of the activity. It was applied at these respondents an instrument of data collection consisted on four parts: a questionnaire with general information about musical practice and constraints; a process of ordination of cards containing emotions/feelings involved in the practiced; a series of assessments scales about the flow state and about the dedication culture that exists in the musical environment; and a final interview seeking for more deeper opinions from musicians about the issue. The collected data were crossed and analyzed and the results indicate, among other conclusions, that musical practice from this sample, has similar characteristics from other where flow state is found, and still contain the importance of emotional matters in the practice, according to the participants musicians.

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Gilon, David I. (David Iddo) 1976. "Impact of hedonic integration with pain and pleasure stimuli". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28410.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-112).
This experiment system provides a mechanism to study hedonic sensory integration in human subjects with specific focus on interaction between pain and pleasure. The system allows creation of stimuli segments with varying degrees of intensity and change based on subject's own discomfort thresholds and provides analysis mechanisms which illustrate the impact of mixing concurrent pain and pleasure.
by David I. Gilon.
M.Eng.

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Urrea, Beatriz. "Santa Teresa's ecstasies : pain and pleasure in Counter-Reformation Spain /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8288.

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Morton, Ruth Beatrice. "Balancing pleasure and pain : the role of motherhood in home education". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/46915/.

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Anecdotal evidence suggests that Home Education in England and Wales is growing in popularity. Despite this apparent growth, there is currently little research into home education in the UK from a sociological perspective. Based on data collected in an in-depth qualitative study of home educating groups and families during 2007, this thesis examines the motivations, practices and experiences of home educating parents. Despite the 'alternative' image of home education, constructions of parenthood within home education are highly gendered, with mothers and fathers tending to take on traditional gender roles. Mothers therefore perform the majority of the intense physical and emotional labour of home education. Home education expands the motherhood role beyond that predominantly found in contemporary society (providing fulfilment for many mothers), while simultaneously reinforcing normative images of motherhood. Where fathers are involved in the day-to-day process of home education this tends to be in a secondary role with mothers maintaining a significant role in the home education process. Home education is therefore a meeting point for mothers' constructions of childhood, motherhood and education. These constructions can be split into three 'types': 'Natural', 'Social' and 'Last Resort'. The interrelation of motherhood, childhood and education within home education and their co-location within the family means that notions of pedagogy and education become an extension of the socialisation process focussed on the individual child rather than education being seen as a separate process. Home education is therefore a project of motherhood which focusses on family and self and relies on the maintenance of a balance between personal labour and fulfilment.

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Roma, Stoll Rebecca Evonne. "The aesthetic pleasures of pain, 1688-1805". Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6258.

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My dissertation examines how representations of physical and mental suffering in literary texts reveal paradoxes in the structure of sympathy that remain under-explored by literary scholars. In the philosophical thought of Shaftesbury, Hutcheson, Hume, and Smith, sympathy was a feature of the "moral sense," an aesthetic intuition that, with proper training, could compel individuals to act ethically in society. However, because sympathy allowed individuals to feel the experiences of others, not just through the imagination, but in connection with the body itself, the motivation for sympathizing with pain presented a significant problem for Enlightenment philosophy. Largely divested of its religious contexts, pain was increasingly classified as a mechanism that registered distress or pathology in the body, and as an experience that human beings instinctively avoid. Terry Eagleton, Adela Pinch, and G. J. Barker-Benfield, among others, have analyzed sympathy and the culture of sentimentality in terms of their moral relativism, derivative emotionality, and regulatory influence on gendered behavior and social norms. My dissertation makes a needed contribution to the field by focusing on the ways pain reveals structural contradictions in sympathy's claim to penetrate the boundaries of subjective experience, an experience that was becoming "buffered"-- to use Charles Taylor's term -- from the influence of others. Each chapter of my dissertation positions a landmark text--Aphra Behn's Oroonoko (1688), Samuel Richardson's Clarissa (1748), Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774), and William Wordsworth's The Prelude (1805) -- within the context of Enlightenment moral sense philosophy to highlight the intentional and unintentional ways literary authors modified philosophical formulations of sympathy to create the ethically complex pleasure of sympathizing with the pain of others. Because the concepts of pain and subjectivity were taking on modern shapes in these texts, literary critics must reconsider how ethical claims were made by the aesthetic practice of connecting representations of pain with the pleasure of sympathizing. Globalized media are bringing increasingly distant experiences of pain to our attention in increasingly intimate ways. These technologies can be invaluable for promoting a sense of social responsibility for the pain of even the most distant others, but only if we hold ourselves accountable for how and why we look.

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Wilson, Emma Fiona. "The pain of the pleasure of the text : Tournier, reading and sexuality". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265402.

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This dissertation is concerned with relations between fiction and desire, and reading and pleasure, in sorne works of Michel Tournier. It discusses the contiguity between the often sexual imagery of Tournier's theoretical texts and the obsessions of his novels. Throughout the dissertation there is a double emphasis: on textuality and sexuality. Textuality in Tournier is rendered tense and sentient as the writer tries to inscribe his texts in the pain and pleasure of the flesh of the reader. Sexuality, conversely, takes on a metatextual value where desire is read in terms of a metaphor of fictional seduction. My aim is to deconstruct the double binds and duplicity inherent in Tournier's games of reflection and his play with the reader. The first chapter analyses Tournier's writing on reception with reference to the construction of gender positions and of sexual metaphors. Barthes, Cixous and others are cited as examples of theorists offering alternative eroticized scenarios which re-orient power relations between writer and reader. The next five chapters discuss representations of sexuality in specific texts and the troubling involvement of the reader in desiring relations. Two chapters are devoted to childhood sexuality and paedophilia. In these I consider issues of initiation, idealization and detournement. de majeur in Tournier's contes; and I raise questions of decoding in the case of the rape of the pre-pubescent Martine in Le Roi des aulnes, while also presenting child seduction in the same novel as a charged metaphor for Fascism. Readings of 'Lucie ou La femme sans ombre' in the fourth chapter lead into a discussion of the 'phallic mother' and fetishism in Tournier's fiction. In the fifth chapter I examine Tournier's creation of a desiring reader and (gay) reader of desire in Les Meteores. Finally, in the last chapter, I focus on Tournier's own self-imaging in terms of his quest for a double, in the form of his reader. More generally, illusion, instability and the imaginary can be seen as inhabiting the borders between textuality and sexuality: so, while this thesis looks at Tournier's works, it inevitably discusses other texts too, and ends by suggesting further analyses of reading, gender and desire.

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Stenius, Magnus. "The body in pain and pleasure : an ethnography of mixed martial arts". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-107527.

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Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is a sport on the rise within the field of martial arts in which competitors fight in a cage and utilize full-contact movements using their fists, elbows, and knees as well as kicks, other strikes, and submission techniques to defeat their opponents. MMA has become a modern social movement in combat sports that has become globalized in a short time and is the fastest growing sport in the world. MMA encompasses disciplines from various martial arts and Olympic sports such as boxing, kickboxing, karate, kempo, jiu-jitsu, Muay Thai, tae kwon do, wrestling, sambo, judo, etc. The rounds are five minutes in length and there are typically three rounds in a contest, unless it is a championship fight in which case the contest lasts five rounds. The aim of this study is to analyze the bodily constructions and productions within the MMA culture and especially the constructed human violence associated with the sport. Based on autoethnographic participation in three Swedish MMA clubs, as well as shorter fieldwork case studies conducted in Hong Kong, Japan, Macau, Brazil, and the US, this thesis investigates the interrelationship between MMA, excitement, sensationalism, and the spectacular physical violence that stains the participants’ bodies. Concepts taken from performance ethnography are applied to an analysis of what is reconstructed bodily. This is followed by an analysis that attempts to outline what body-violence means and how this understanding of the informants’ bodies, as well as of the researcher’s body-knowledge, reconstructs the definitions of MMA. A phenomenological approach to the concept of fighting is also included in relation to the MMA landscape. Thus, I present how the body learns the cultural enactments in fighting and how these forces shape the fighters’ gender, habitus, and way of resisting the discourse of critical opinions on MMA practice. Moreover, in trying to grasp the inner sense of MMA, I argue that the physical phenomenon of MMA is dependent on an intersubjective engagement and on the control of one’s inner coordination, which teaches a fighter how to deal with power, pain, suffering, aggression, and adrenaline flows. Keywords: abject, adrenaline, anthropology, athletes, autoethnography, body, combat arts, culture, desire, embodied, enculturation, ethnology, fieldwork, field-making, flow, fighting, full-contact, gender, harm, homosociality, intercultural, interobject, intersubjectivity, martial arts, materiality, masculinity, MMA, method, pain, personal, performance, performativity, phenomenology, pleasure, posthuman, postmodern, power, ritual, risk-taking, rush, self-reflexive, sportive, sport, stained, struggle, suffering, thrill, UFC, violence.

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Francis, Doreen. "The subject's relationship with pain and its impact on identity and existence". Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13108.

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What is pain, what does it mean that the subject has a relationship with it, and how does this affect his identity and existence? My definition of pain is derived from that proposed by scientists such as Melzack and Wall, and Freud. Pain is a dynamic, multilayered, diverse collection of experiences which impact and influence the subject throughout life. Pain is a kind of conglomerate of past, traumatic, neurobiological, psychological and emotional imprints--pain as in suffering or being in pain. The aim of this thesis is to argue that it is not pain, as such, but the relationship of the subject to (his/her) pain which is most significant to his/her processes of life. In examining the combination of two theories of pain, namely, Freud’s psychosexual theory of development and Melzack’s theory of the Neuromatrix, my thesis endeavours to evidence my theory by using case study methodology. The similarities in the theories which are a hundred years apart have sparked my interest to propose that there is the distinct possibility for the existence of what I have named a Psychomatrix--patterns of pain (loss - abandonment, grief, rejection, desire) imprinted from infancy within an innate matrix that are specifically translated by their own ‘psychological and emotional neural loops’ and therefore, similar to the neuromatrix concept. As pain is triggered these ‘loops’ become more ingrained as information is analysed and coded to create a continuous (subjective) experience of suffering or being in pain. This is also true for positive emotions, such as love and joy, however I suggest that pain is the primary, and most significant emotion that needs to be understood in order to understand the others which are triggered by the same neural – psychological and physical – pathways as incidental emotions of the quality of existence. A vast spectrum of (on-going) research has identified the impact of cultural, religious, social and political factors on pain and pain management. I suggest that all of these figure in the conglomerate. Using a psychoanalytical frame of reference this is a theoretical and conceptual thesis. My final conclusion is that pain becomes an object that compels the subject to respond accordingly and consequently, from birth to death, defining his/her identity and existence.

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Eldnatt, Frida. "Lidelsefullt lidande : En problematisering av njutningens och smärtans dikotomi". Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6617.

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Smärta har en historisk tradition av att uppfattats som njutningens motsats. Smärtans ställning som alltigenom negativ ses ofta som en ”sanning” som inte kan motsägas. Dock finns det individer som njuter av smärta på ett sexuellt plan, så kallade masochister. I denna studie undersöker författaren hur masochisterna själva beskriver relationen mellan smärta och njutning. Den tidigare forskningen fokuserar mestadels på den dominante partens problematiker och upplevelser i en sadomasochistisk situation och utelämnar därmed masochistens syn på smärta, njutning och risker.

Genom att använda sig av Grundad Teori försöker författaren att förutsättningslöst kartlägga den masochistiska upplevelsen av smärta och njutning och utarbetar en teori om masochistens syn på sin egen avvikelse och utveckling, på förstärkning av känsla och den personliga förhöjningen och känslan av att befinna sig i ett ”tillstånd” i den masochistiska leken, den fullständiga tilltron till partnern och på den ömsesidiga kommunikationen, de egna avvägningarna och gränsdragningarna och hur de ser njutning och smärta som i symbios. Alla dessa aspekter leder fram till en känsla av frihet. I diskussionen används Mays teorier om frihet och öde tillsammans med Eberhards teorier om riskbedömningar, vilka bägge innefattar tankar kring ”negativa” förnimmelser som ångest, rädsla och vrede.

Det blir klart att alla negativa förnimmelser har både ”skadliga” och ”normala” former. Det masochisterna upplever i leken är en form av ”normal smärta” som inte har några negativa beståndsdelar utan som fungerar som en utvecklingsmekanik och en språngbräda för att uppnå frihet.

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Salim, Emil. "Four Puzzles on Aristotelian Pleasures and Pains". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/238673.

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In this dissertation, I formulate and solve four philosophical puzzles on Aristotle's conception of pleasures and pains by using the Aristotelian dialectical method. The first puzzle concerns the nature of pleasure. In the Nicomachean Ethics book VII, Aristotle describes pleasure as an unimpeded activity of our natural state. In book X, however, he states that pleasure is something that supervenes on activity. I reconcile these two descriptions of pleasure by drawing on Aristotle's scientific works and his works in ethics. By offering this holistic view, I argue that pleasure is a passion or a way of being affected unimpededly. The second puzzle concerns the nature of pain. I develop a perceptual model to understand Aristotle's conception of pain. I also propose a mirroring method to understand pain by utilizing Aristotle's theory of contrariety. I argue that (1) like pleasure, pain is a passion; but (2) unlike pleasure, pain is a way of being affected impededly. Aristotle observed that there are two seemingly conflicting ways of thinking about the nature and significance of pain. On the one hand, perhaps all kinds of pain are evil and must be categorically avoided. On the other hand, perhaps some pains are intrinsically good and necessary in a virtuous life. In the third puzzle, I explore these apparently competing conceptions of pain. I argue that the solution to the puzzle is to affirm the common intuition that all pains are intrinsically bad, but at the same time to reject the claim that pain must always be avoided at all costs. Finally, I formulate a puzzle that comes from the work of Alexander of Aphrodisias, who entertains two opposing ethical intuitions concerning pain. The first intuition is that not all pains are bad, while the second intuition is that all pains are intrinsically bad. To solve the puzzle, I argue that pains are good insofar as they are a type of alienation. Furthermore, using Aristotle's theory of contrariety, I argue that even though all pains are intrinsically bad, it is not the case that all pleasures are good.

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Mills, Robert. "Visions of excess : pain, pleasure and the penal imaginary in late-medieval art and culture". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275442.

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Allen, Steven William. "A pleasure in pain : contemporary mainstream cinema's fascination with the aestheticized spectacle of the controlled body". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1228/.

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This thesis considers the ways in which the dominated, marked and suffering body (the controlled body) has been represented and employed in recent mainstream cinema. Noting a shift from narratives that depict escape and the alleviation of torment to ones that highlight subjection and endurance, it probes the influences and implications of the change. The project employs an interdisciplinary approach that utilizes discourses from anthropology, art history and cultural studies in conjunction with textual analysis, and consequently attempts to rethink a pleasure in pain outside psychoanalytically informed theories. The thesis argues that diverse images of pain can be usefully understood by examining them as part of a collective negotiation of the relationship we have with our bodies in Western culture, especially in respect of agency and corporeality. Identifying a fascination for activities that fuse concepts of pain and pleasure, in particular sadomasochism, body modification, artwork and extreme sports, the study argues that the controlled body borrows heavily from these sources for its imagery but typically understates the social motivations of masochistic pleasure and assertion of autonomy. The research uncovers a range of narrative strategies that justify depictions of masochism (especially in men) that deflect the implication of pleasurable pain whilst simultaneously formulating it as part of personal identity. It investigates how pain and the closeness to death are used to convey a vitality of existence, and also, through an analysis of the spectacle and the narrative patterns in recent films, offers an appreciation of how the spectator engages with the texts. Furthermore, the iconography of pain and control is shown to be important in our conceptualization of beauty, whilst the personal appropriation of suffering can be interpreted as an affirmative choice. The thesis therefore reveals that, with varying degrees of explicitness, mainstream cinema has broached contemporary anxieties regarding self determination and identity through the representation of the controlled body.

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Abreu, José Renato da Silva. "Prazer e sofrimento no trabalho: um estudo com profissionais administrativos da saúde no Hospital de Emergência e Trauma Senador Humberto Lucena - João Pessoa-PB". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7943.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study investigates the perception of administrative health workers at the Hospital de Emergência e Trauma Senador Humberto Lucena ( HETSL ) in the city of João Pessoa-PB , on pleasure and pain experience at work psychodynamics involved in that environment. The research is exploratory and descriptive nature with quantitative approach , with the purpose to expand the current theoretical discussion of mental health and work. Therefore , we used the contributions of school dejourian examine the relationship pleasure , suffering and work. As collection technique the structured interview was chosen from adjustments made in Escala de Indicadores de Prazer e Sofrimento no Trabalho ( EIPST ), and the data were analyzed according to the relevant statistical model . The results are pointed out based on the method of analysis and specifically considering the ( EIPST ) a moderate evaluation, considered critical on the levels set by its scale. Thus, the research contributed to the gym , through the availability of literature presented and health administration , since it allows reflections on the part of managers regarding the organization of work and their models and management
Este estudo buscou analisar a percepção de trabalhadores administrativos da saúde no Hospital de Emergência e Trauma Senador Humberto Lucena (HETSL) na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, sobre as vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho envolvidas na psicodinâmica desse ambiente. A pesquisa é de natureza exploratório-descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, tendo como proposito ampliar a discussão teórica atual da saúde mental e trabalho. Para tanto, utilizou-se das contribuições da escola dejouriana à análise da relação prazer, sofrimento e trabalho. Como técnica de coleta, a entrevista estruturada foi a escolhida, a partir de adaptações realizadas na Escala de Indicadores de Prazer e Sofrimento no Trabalho (EIPST), e os dados foram analisados conforme o modelo estatístico pertinente. Os resultados são apontados com base no método de análises e especificamente considerando a (EIPST) uma avaliação moderada, considerada crítica diante dos níveis estabelecidos pela respectiva escala. Desse modo, a pesquisa contribuiu para a academia, por meio da disponibilização da literatura apresentada e para administração em saúde, uma vez que permite reflexões por parte dos gestores em relação à organização do trabalho e aos respectivos modelos e práticas de gestão.

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Silva, Fabiana Custódio e. "VIVÊNCIAS DOS GESTORES DE UMA IES PRIVADA EM RELAÇÃO AO SEU TRABALHO: INTERVENÇÃO EM CLÍNICA PSICODINÂMICA DO TRABALHO". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2012. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/1806.

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This study is the result of a survey conducted in a Private Institution of Higher Education. What motivated this study, specifically, the performance of managers with respect to clinical studies of psychodynamic work, stems from the need to study the subjectivity of the worker. This is a case study of a descriptive and exploratory, based on clinical studies of psychodynamic work. The overall goal of the research was to examine the subjective experiences of managers of a private IES in relation to their work. The specific objectives was to: gather information on the functions of management in the higher education institution; know the organization of work; analyze working conditions; analyze labor relations; analyze the experiences of pleasure and pain related to work as managers; examine the coping strategies used by managers to deal with the suffering that comes from work. Thus, the problem of this research which seeks to analyze the experiences of managers of a private institution, in relation to their work. For data collection were conducted six meetings of collective discussion, supported the research for the categories presented by Dejours: the first major category covers the organization of work, labor relations and working conditions, the second major category studied mobilization subjective and the third large category that includes suffering, defenses and pathologies. The study gathered six managers who worked in the same hierarchical level. The technique for data analysis was the analysis thematic category. After transcribing the data, analyzes were performed frequency of appearance of the text elements and perform the analysis of the relationship between the categories studied. The data indicate that the organization's work is characterized by the existence of rules and norms of the organization, prioritization of work, lack of direct benefits, rigidity of working hours, imposing a hierarchical structure and vertical, extreme lack of autonomy, lack of recognition and subordination to the leadership and work overload. There is a predominance of experiences of suffering arising from work organization. However, regarding the experiences of pleasure, managers consider working relationships with peers which in turn are held in a friendly, encouraging social and professional relationships, as well as the satisfaction, pride and sense at work. The subjective mobilization, allows the worker to have pleasure and strategies that make the real happening. Some collective defenses to face the difficulties related to work were analyzed, as well as the physical and psychosocial damage that allowed feel physical symptoms resulting from work situations and thus can interfere with social and family life. Coping strategies used to indicate denial and / or rationalization of labor in the form of: conformism, submission and / or acceptance, especially with regard to the organization and working conditions.
O presente estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada em uma Instituição de Educação Superior Privada. O que motivou a realização deste estudo, especificamente, a atuação dos gestores no que tange aos estudos da clínica psicodinâmica do trabalho, decorre da necessidade de se estudar a subjetividade do trabalhador . Trata-se de um estudo de caso de caráter descritivo e exploratório, baseado nos estudos da clinica psicodinâmica do trabalho. O objetivo geral da pesquisa consistiu em analisar as vivências subjetivas dos gestores de uma IES privada em relação ao seu trabalho. Os objetivos específicos consistiu em: levantar informações sobre as funções de gestão na instituição de educação superior; conhecer a organização do trabalho; analisar as condições de trabalho; analisar as relações de trabalho; analisar as vivências de prazer e sofrimento relacionadas ao trabalho como gestores; analisar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos gestores para lidar com o sofrimento advindo do trabalho. Assim, o problema desta pesquisa buscou analisar quais as vivências dos gestores de uma IES privada, em relação ao seu trabalho. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas seis reuniões de discussão coletiva, tendo como suporte para a pesquisa as categorias apresentadas por Dejours: a primeira grande categoria aborda a organização do trabalho; as relações de trabalho e as condições de trabalho; a segunda grande categoria estuda a mobilização subjetiva e a terceira grande categoria que contempla o sofrimento, as defesas e patologias. Participaram desta pesquisa seis gestores que atuavam no mesmo nível hierárquico. A técnica para análise dos dados foi a análise categorial temática. Após a transcrição dos dados, foram feitas as análises de freqüência de aparição dos elementos do texto e a realização da análise da relação entre as categorias estudadas. Os dados indicam que a organização do trabalho é caracterizada por existência de regras e normas da organização; hierarquização de trabalho, ausência de benefícios diretos, rigidez de horário de trabalho, imposição de uma estrutura hierarquizada e verticalizada, extrema falta de autonomia, falta de reconhecimento e subordinação à chefia e a sobrecarga de trabalho. Há a predominância de vivências de sofrimento decorrentes da organização do trabalho. Porém, referente as vivências de prazer, os gestores consideram as relações de trabalho com os pares que por sua vez são mantidas de forma amigável, favorecendo os relacionamentos sócio-profissionais; assim como a satisfação, o orgulho e o sentido no trabalho. A mobilização subjetiva, possibilita o trabalhador ter prazer e estratégias que fazem com que o real aconteça. Algumas defesas coletivas de enfrentarem as dificuldades referentes ao trabalho foram analisadas, bem como os danos físicos e psicossociais que possibilitaram sentirem sintomas físicos decorrentes das situações de trabalho e assim poder interferir na vida social e familiar. As estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas indicam a negação e/ou a racionalização do trabalho em forma de: conformismo, submissão e/ou aceitação, especialmente com relação à organização e as condições de trabalho.

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Cairoli, Valentina Iragola. "Corriendo metas : autogestión de una corporalidad emprendedora. Construcción de corporalidades en grupos de corrida en São Carlos". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8987.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
La corrida de calle es un fenómeno que se ha destacado en los contextos urbanos brasileros, consolidándose, inclusive, como el segundo deporta más practicado en el año 2011. En este contexto, el/la corredor/a se ha transformado en una figura estratégica para reflexionar a respecto de las producciones y reproducciones corporales y subjetivas de la época actual, marcada por una competitividad e el paradigma de la auto superación. A partir de lo expuesto, los objetivos que orientan la investigación consisten en a) analizar la producción de determinado tipo de subjetividad característico de la práctica de corrida para b) reflexionar sobre los diálogos con un tipo de racionalidad que caracteriza al sujeto neoliberal. Para responder a esos objetivos, desarrollamos una investigación etnográfica en un período de dieciocho meses en la ciudad de São Carlos, interior de São Paulo, en la cual buscamos acompañar dos grupos de corrida de hombres y mujeres, caracterizados por diversos niveles de compromiso con la práctica. Con la finalidad de presentar los resultados de la investigación etnográfica y bibliográfica, el texto se presenta dividido en tres secciones. En la primera sección, trabajamos con la construcción de una estética corporal vinculada a la salud y a la cualidad de vida como caminos posibles de elección, así como la construcción de una matriz moral en torno a esas dimensiones. En la segunda, nos focalizamos en el análisis de los elementos que permiten una comparación con la figura teórica del hombre-empresa. Finalmente en la tercera sección, abordamos la producción y reproducción del dolor y el placer así como los diálogos con el tipo de subjetividad neoliberal
The street run is a phenomenon that has stood out in the Brazilian urban contexts, consolidating, inclusively, as the second sport more practiced in 2011. In this context, the runner has become a strategic reflective figure on the productions and reproductions of the body and the subjective of the current age, marked by a competitiveness and the paradigm of self-improvement. Based on the above, the objectives that guide this research consist of a) analyze the production of a certain type of subjectivity characteristic by the practice of street run to b) reflect on the dialogues with a type of rationality that characterizes the neoliberal subject. In order to respond these objectives, we conducted an ethnographic research over a period of eighteen months in the city of São Carlos, interior of São Paulo, in which we sought to accompany two groups of men and women, characterized by different levels of commitment to practice. In order to present the results of ethnographic and bibliographical research, the text is divided into three sections. In the first section, we work with the construction of a physical aesthetic linked to health and life´s quality as possible ways of choosing, as well as the construction of a moral pattern around those dimensions. In the second, we focus on the elements’ analysis that allow a comparison with the theoretical figure of the man-company. Finally, in the third section, we take in account the production and reproduction of pain and pleasure as well as the dialogues with the neoliberal subjectivity type.
A corrida de rua é um fenômeno que tem se destacado nos contextos urbanos brasileiros, sendo considerada, inclusive, como o segundo esporte mais praticado no ano de 2011. Nesses meandros, o/a corredor/a de rua tem se transformado em uma figura estratégica para refletir a respeito das produções e reproduções corporais e subjetivas da nossa época, marcada por a competitividade e o paradigma da auto superação. Posto isso, os objetivos que orientaram a investigação consistem em a) analisar a produção de determinado tipo de subjetividade característico da prática da corrida de rua, para, enfim, b) refletir sobre os diálogos com um tipo de racionalidade que caracteriza o sujeito neoliberal. Para responder esses objetivos, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa etnográfica em um período de dezoito meses na cidade de São Carlos, interior de São Paulo, na qual buscamos acompanhar dois grupos de corridas de rua, de homens e mulheres caraterizados por diversos níveis de compromissos com a prática. A fim de apresentar os dados resultantes da pesquisa etnográfica e da pesquisa bibliográfica, o texto segue dividido em três seções. Na primeira seção, trabalhamos com a construção de uma estética corporal vinculada à saúde e qualidade de vida com caminhos possíveis de eleição e a construção de uma matriz moral em torno destas dimensões. Já na segunda, focamos na análise dos elementos que permitem uma comparação com a figura teórica do homem-empresa. Enfim, na última seção, abordamos a produção e reprodução da dor e do prazer, assim como os diálogos com o tipo de subjetividade neoliberal.

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Carvalho, Peggy Coelho. "Algumas funções do silenciar na clínica psicanalítica". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/15777.

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This work aims to investigate some functions of silence on the psychoanalytic pratice. In his psychoanalytic space, where the core of the work is talking, dialoguing, the silent experiences can upset the analyst s capacity of observation and apprehension of the psychic reality, since some observable elements become unavailable. The adopted method is my own poetic style and, through the poetic bond established with the reader, I propose to expand the knowledge, reflections and comprehension of silent situations. I make an analogy with the musical technique of counterpoint using trhee principal and simultaneous events, or voices: Beethoven s, John Milton s and my own, interrelated around the theme of silence during all the narrative. My hypothesis is that it is possible that the being/not being can reveal and/or hide itself through silence, pregnant of mental pain. In this trajectory, I did not come across the silence by itself, but with the process of silence and, at the end, I found the silence as mental pain and pleasure
O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar algumas funções do silenciar na clínica psicanalítica. Neste espaço psicanalítico, no qual o cerne do trabalho é o conversar, o dialogar, as experiências silenciosas podem dificultar a capacidade de observação e apreensão da realidade psíquica por parte do analista, uma vez que alguns elementos observáveis ficam indisponíveis. O método adotado é o meu próprio estilo poético e, através do vínculo poético estabelecido com o leitor, proponho expandir nossos conhecimentos, nossas reflexões e compreensão sobre as situações silenciosas. Faço analogia com a técnica contrapontística musical no sentido de que utilizo três principais acontecimentos simultâneos, ou, vozes: de Beethoven, de John Milton e a minha própria voz que se inter-relacionam em torno do tema do silenciar durante toda a narrativa. Minha hipótese é a de que seja possível que o ser/não ser possa revelar-se e/ou ocultar-se através do silêncio, pregnante de dor mental. Nesta trajetória, fui deparando não com o silêncio, coisa-em-si, mas com o processo de silenciar e, ao final, encontrei o silenciar como dor e prazer mentais

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Berni, Liana Bohrer. "PRAZER-SOFRIMENTO DE TRABALHADORES TERCEIRIZADOS DA HIGIENE E LIMPEZA DE UM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10321.

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This is quantitative study, whose goal was to identify and measure the manifestations of pleasure-pain of outsourced workers of hygiene and cleanliness of a public hospital. Were used as data collection instruments, data collection of sociodemographic and labor indicators and scale of pleasure and pain at work (EIPST). Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results indicate that the vast majority of these workers are women and in spare moments give priority to spend time with family, perform household chores, walking and traveling. Their main wishes for the future are to have a better job and health. Regarding measuring pleasure and suffering of these workers, it was found that the Professional Achievement and Recognition in this workplace are sources of pleasure and suffering that arises from the lack of Freedom of Expression and Emotional Exhaustion.
Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, cujo objetivo foi identificar e mensurar as manifestações de prazer-sofrimento dos trabalhadores terceirizados da higiene e limpeza de um hospital público. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados, o levantamento de dados sóciodemográficos e laborais e a escala de indicadores de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho (EIPST). Os dados foram analisados através do programa estatístico SPSS. Os resultados apontam que a grande maioria destes trabalhadores são mulheres e nos momentos de folga dão prioridade para passar um tempo com a família, realizar os afazeres domésticos, passear e viajar. Já os desejos para o futuro são um emprego melhor e ter saúde. Ao mensurar o prazer e sofrimento destes trabalhadores constatou-se que a Realização Profissional e Reconhecimento neste local de trabalho são fontes de prazer e o sofrimento surge da Falta de Liberdade de Expressão e do Esgotamento Emocional.

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Jardim, Tatiana de Andrade. "Morar e trabalhar na comunidade: a realidade dos agentes comunitários de saúde". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5163/tde-11122007-161633/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: O Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) é o elo entre a comunidade e o sistema de saúde no Programa Saúde da Família. Seu trabalho é pautado no contato direto com a comunidade local e se configura como a possibilidade de comunicação e de acesso desta aos serviços de saúde. É o único profissional da área de saúde que tem como um requisito profissional residir na comunidade onde trabalha. A pesquisa objetivou conhecer aspectos subjetivos do trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde relacionados ao morar e trabalhar na mesma comunidade. MÉTODO: Foi desenvolvida uma análise de conteúdo dos documentos - Relatório da Análise Psicodinâmica do Trabalho realizada com os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde da região de Pirituba/São Paulo - e - Anotações das sessões de grupo. Primeiramente, realizou-se a leitura flutuante seguida por análises estruturais para identificar categorias significativas aos objetivos da pesquisa. Como referencial teórico para a interpretação dos resultados utilizou-se a teoria da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram apresentados nas seguintes categorias: 1. Processo de construção da credibilidade e as relações de trabalho: ACS e usuário; 2. Credibilidade versus invasão da privacidade dos moradores da comunidade; 3. Privacidade do ACS e sua família; 4. Relação com a comunidade e com o serviço de saúde como morador da região; 5. Construção de uma ética: foco na privacidade do usuário; 6.Fronteira trabalho versus militância (voluntarismo). CONCLUSÕES: Concluímos que os agentes vivenciam sofrimentos no trabalho decorrentes de pertencerem à mesma comunidade na qual desempenham seu papel profissional. Tal sofrimento decorre, principalmente da impossibilidade de flexibilização da organização do trabalho no que se refere à obrigatoriedade de residir na região. Há uma contaminação do tempo do não trabalho de ordem psíquica e física (espacial).
INTRODUCTION: The Community Health Agent (ACS) is the link between the community and the health system in the Program of Health of the Family. His work is outlined on the direct contact with the local community and configures itself as a possibility of communication and access to the health services. He is the sole worker of the health staff that has as a professional requirement to inhabit in the community where he works. The objective of the research was to to be acquainted with the subjective aspects of the work of the community health agent related to the fact of living and work in the same community. METHODS: Was developed an analyses of the content in the following documents \'Report of the Analysis of the Psychodynamic of the Work with ACS of Pirituba/São Paulo\' and \'Notations of the group sessions\'. A naïve reading of documents notes was primarirely performed. This was followed by a structural analyses to identify the categories with meaningful connections to the research objeticves. The theory of the Psychodynamic of the Work was the theoretical referencial used to interpret the results of the research. RESULTS: It had been presented in the following categories: 1. Construction of the credibility and the relations of work: ACS and users; 2. Credibility versus privacy invasion of the inhabitants of the community; 3. Privacy of the ACS and his family; 4. Relation with the community and the health service as resident of the region; 5. Construction of an ethics: focus in the user\'s privacy; 6. The bounderies of working and militancy (voluntarism). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that those workers experienced deeply work\'s sufferings decurrent to the fact of belonging to the same community to which they perform their professional role. The suffering elapses mainly from the impossibility of flexibilization of the work organization with respect to the obligation of inhabitating in the same area. This requirement produces a phisical (spacial) and psychic contamination.

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Koç, Çağlar. "La structure de la conscience affective : une recherche phénoménologique sur Stumpf, Brentano et Husserl". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLE006.

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Cette recherche doctorale prend sa source dans une lecture des manuscrits d’Edmund Husserl. Nous avons abordé les analyses de trois philosophes ; Carl Stumpf, Franz Brentano et Husserl. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur les textes qui portent sur l’affectivité, la valorisation et la classification des sentiments. Notre intérêt a été particulièrement centré sur les « sentiments sensoriels ». Dans notre travail, en prenant pour fil conducteur l’expérience de la douleur, nous tentons d’avancer une problématique originale, à l’aide de laquelle nous devenons en mesure de montrer les avantages de la position de Husserl concernant les sentiments par rapport aux positions de Stumpf et de Brentano. Cependant, notre objectif dans cette étude ne consiste pas seulement à nous enquérir des sentiments sensoriels. La tâche plus générale qui nous incombe est de mettre au jour lastructure de la conscience affective selon les trois philosophes
This doctoral research takes its source in a reading of manuscripts of Edmund Husserl. We examined the analyses of three philosophers: Carl Stumpf, Franz Brentano and Husserl. We are concentrated on the texts about affectivity, valuation, and classification of feelings. Our interest is particularly focused on “sensory feelings”. In our work, taking as a common thread the experience of pain, we try to put forward an original problem, with the help of which we become able to show the advantages of Husserl’s position regarding feelings in relation to Stumpf’s and Brentano’s positions. However, our objective in this study is not only to inquire about sensory feelings. The more general task before us is to uncover the structure of affective consciousness according to the three philosophers

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Mann, Rachel Constant Vergara. "Mobilidade da força de trabalho: os impactos de intensos deslocamentos geográficos sob a ótica de trabalhadores docentes". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9932.

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The work occupies a definite place in the lives of individuals, this rich sense of individual and social, is a means of producing life of each one to provide subsistence, existential senses create or contribute to the structuring of identity and subjectivity. The current status of adoption and use of Information and Communication Technologies by organizations and individuals, showed an increase of the incorporation of technological devices that have the potential to change the spatial and temporal characteristics of the work, increasing worker mobility. Considering the fact that the individual to move, while moving through space, remodeling or attach your personal identity, professional, cultural, social or political from the mobility, the ultimate goal of this research was to reflect on that how the positive and negative impacts generated by the intense geographic mobility demanded by the profession, teachers are perceived by workers of a post-graduation courses in Business Administration moving from one territory to another (s), in order to exercise their teaching activities. Was performed for both a literature review concerning the meaning of work, presenting the following are some reflections on the changes in labor relations as a result of mutations in the workplace, addressing, finally, the theme Mobility of the workforce. After this step, we sought to understand the perspective of teaching workers through personal interviews analyzed in the light of the method of content analysis, the paths taken by them and meanings attributed to these experiences, seeking to understand how teaching workers highlighted represent the look on himself and others, to show the significance (positive and negative) of spatial mobility, daily practices and strategies of socialization and interaction with, and at the destination. It can be concluded that, although there are some factors that can make the constant spatial displacement of these workers a negative element to them, since they are sources of high demand physical and mental, of stress, overload, emotional stress, fatigue, anxiety, discouragement, frustration and dissatisfaction with the work, leading them to the constant removal of the social context and may result in serious consequences for the health of the worker. These constant shifts geographical become, however, a positive element, since the increase to allow their teaching practices through the experiences enriched by contacts, by learning acquired and the skills acquired in multicultural relationships, becoming space for self-fulfillment, social inclusion and recognition, prestige, status and sense of usefulness.
O trabalho ocupa um inegável espaço na vida dos indivíduos, sendo este rico de sentido individual e social, é um meio de produção da vida de cada um ao prover subsistência, criar sentidos existenciais ou contribuir na estruturação da identidade e da subjetividade. O cenário atual de adoção e uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação pelas organizações e pessoas, demonstra um crescimento da incorporação de dispositivos tecnológicos que têm o potencial de alterar as características espaciais e temporais do trabalho, aumentando a mobilidade do trabalhador. Considerando-se o fato de que o indivíduo ao deslocar-se, ao mover-se pelo espaço, anexa ou remodela sua identidade pessoal, profissional, cultural, social ou política a partir da mobilidade, o objetivo final desta pesquisa foi refletir sobre de que maneira os impactos positivos e negativos gerados pela intensa mobilidade geográfica demandados pelo exercício da profissão, são percebidos por trabalhadores docentes de curso de pós-graduação lato sensu em Administração que se deslocam de um território para outro(s), com a finalidade de exercerem suas atividades docentes. Realizou-se para tanto uma revisão bibliográfica acerca de sentido do trabalho, apresentando, a seguir, algumas reflexões sobre as alterações ocorridas nas relações de trabalho em decorrência de mutações no mundo do trabalho, abordando, por fim, o tema Mobilidade da força de trabalho. Após esta etapa, buscou-se compreender, na ótica desses trabalhadores docentes, por meio de entrevistas pessoais analisadas à luz do método de análise de conteúdo, os caminhos percorridos e significados atribuídos por eles a estas vivências, procurando perceber como os trabalhadores docentes em destaque representam o olhar sobre si e sobre os outros, visando demonstrar o significado (positivo e negativo) da mobilidade espacial, as práticas cotidianas e estratégias de sociabilidade e interação com e no local de destino. Pode-se concluir que, apesar de haver alguns fatores que podem tornar os constantes deslocamentos geográficos destes trabalhadores um elemento negativo para eles, uma vez que são fontes de alta demanda física e mental, geradoras de estresse, sobrecarga, tensão emocional, cansaço, ansiedade, desânimo, frustração e descontentamento em relação ao trabalho, levando-os ao afastamento constante do contexto social, podendo resultar em consequências graves para a saúde deste trabalhador. Estes constantes deslocamentos geográficos tornam-se, contudo, um elemento positivo, uma vez que possibilitam o incremento às suas práticas docentes, por meio das vivências enriquecidas pelos contactos estabelecidos, pelas aprendizagens realizadas e pelas capacidades de relacionamento em meios multiculturais adquiridas, tornando-se espaço de autorrealização, inserção e reconhecimento social, prestígio, status e de senso de utilidade.

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Lahmadi, Ghizlaine. "La créativité comme prévention du stress et de la souffrance au travail : de l’analyse des « pathologies de la communication » du cas des aides à domicile à celle de l’expérience de créativité collective chez les employés de Dassault". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0853/document.

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La créativité comme prévention du stress et de la souffrance au travail. De l’analyse des « pathologies de la communication » du cas des aides à domicile à celle de l’expérience de créativité collective chez les employés de DassaultComment comprendre et agir contre les malaises, ‒ du stress à la souffrance ‒, et les dysfonctionnements internes de l’entreprise moderne ?Nous montrons comment la créativité peut être une démarche communicationnelle préventive et omnipotente, une alternative capable de résorber une communication pathogène engendrée par le management, au profit d’une communication sociale moins instrumentale qu’institutionnelle et formelle.Notre démonstration se structure en 3 parties, chaque partie faisant émerger un paradoxe.Le premier est repéré à partir d’une lecture socio-historique réinterrogeant le travail d’antan. Il s’inscrit certes comme un lieu de souffrance, mais aussi de plaisir, présent dans la notion clé d’otium. Le second provient de l’univers pathogène de l’entreprise et apparait à la lecture de cet espace à partir du paradigme habermassien des « pathologies de la communication ». Le cas d’aides à domicile en situation de stress mais aussi de souffrance a été soumis à cette nouvelle "grille" de lecture. L’analyse est complétée d’une approche winnicotienne, permettant d’y voir les mécanismes inconscients générés par le néomanagement défaillant.Dans la troisième partie, au cœur des mouvements du processus créatif, via une approche socio-psychanalytique, nous partons des théories de Winnicott sur la créativité, pour la transposer et la dépasser, dans la vie interne de l’entreprise.Cette théorie est articulée et complétée par une étude empirique menée auprès d’employés Dassault qui ont fait cette insolite expérience de la création d’un « espace transitionnel hétérotopique », permettant paradoxalement de s’affranchir du cadre du travail tout en y étant lié
Creativity as prevention of stress and suffering at work Analysis of "pathologies of communication": the case of care assistants among employees of Dassault into the experience of collective creativityHow to understand and act against discomfort – from stress to suffering - and the internal problems of modern business?We show how creativity can be a preventive and omnipotent communication approach, an alternative that can reduce a communication pathogen caused by management, in favor of a less instrumental than institutional and formal communication social.Our proof is structured in three parts, each bringing forth a paradox.The first is identified from a socio-historical examination of traditional work. Indeed, it enrolled as a place of suffering, but also of joy, present in the key concept of otium.The second comes from the pathogen world of business and appears from the examination of this space from the Habermassian paradigm of "pathologies of communication." The case of care assistants under stress but also suffering has been subjected to this new reading report. The analysis is complemented by a Winnicotian approach, allowing perceiving the unconscious mechanisms generated by the failed neomanagement.In the third part, in the middle of the movement about creative process, through a socio-psychoanalytic approach, we start with Winnicot theories about creativity, to transpose and beyond, in the internal life of the company.This theory is articulated and supplemented by an empirical study with Dassault employees who made the unusual experience of creating a 'transitional space heterotopic "paradoxically allowing to get rid of the work area and in the the same tine to be connected to it

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Cano, López Antonio José. "La Teoría de las Pasiones en David Hume (Del modelo clásico de las pasiones al paradigma ilustrado)". Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96529.

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Desde al menos Aristóteles, los filósofos han intentado explicar la vida pasional de los seres humanos. El propósito de esta tesis es mostrar la teoría de las pasiones de Hume. Este autor analiza las pasiones como parte de la ciencia del hombre en el Libro II del Tratado de la naturaleza humana y en la posterior Disertación de las pasiones. Hume distingue entre pasiones “serenas” y “violentas”. Él identifica los sentimientos estéticos y morales como ejemplos de pasiones “serenas”, mientras que caracteriza como “violentas” sentimientos tales como “el amor y el odio, la alegría y la tristeza, el orgullo y la humildad”. A continuación, Hume divide las pasiones en “directas”, que surgen inmediatamente del placer o dolor, e “indirectas”, que proceden de los mismos principios, pero en conjunción con otras cualidades. El análisis de las pasiones “indirectas” es original de Hume. Por otro lado, al igual que las teorías epistemológica y moral, la explicación de las pasiones en Hume constituye una teoría crítica.
From at least Aristotle on, philosophers have attempted to explain the pasional life of human beings. The purpose of this paper is to show Hume´s theory of the passions. Hume analyzes passions as part of his science of man in Book 2 of A Treatise of Human Nature and subsequent Dissertation on the Passions. Hume distinguishes between “calm” and “violent” passions. He identifies the aesthetic and moral sentiments as examples of “calm” passions, while characterizing as “violent” sentiments such as “love and hatred, grief and joy, pride and humility”. Next, passions are divided by Hume into “direct”, which arise immediately from pain or pleasure and “indirect”, which proceed from the same principles, but by the conjunction of other qualities. The analysis of “indirect” passions is original. On the other hand, like epistemological and ethical theories, Hume´s account of passions is also a critical theory.

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Carloni, Marta <1987&gt. "Pleasures and Pains of "Going Native" in Rudyard Kipling's Kim and Four Short Stories". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6358.

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This dissertation aims to analyze the myth of “going native” in Rudyard Kipling’s Kim and four short stories, namely Miss Youghal’s ‘Sais’, Beyond the Pale, To Be Filed for Reference and The Man Who Would Be King. In the nineteenth century the expression “to go native” referred to colonizers who adopted the customs and the values of the colonized, but the phrase was sometimes used pejoratively to imply that the process of “going native” led to a physical and mental degeneration. In Kim and these four short stories by Kipling, the colonizers who “go native” in India do so for different reasons and with different outcomes. The five works I have selected are meant to illustrate the multiple facets of the myth of “going native” according to Kipling. This dissertation begins by assessing the ways in which India and the divide between East and West are represented in Kim and these short stories. It then proceeds to analyze the different aspects of the myth of “going native”, including both positive and negative interpretations of the same. Lastly, this dissertation ends with a comparison between these works by Kipling and Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, which also depicts a character who “goes native”. While Kipling’s early stories (Miss Youghal’s ‘Sais’, Beyond the Pale, To Be Filed for Reference and The Man Who Would Be King), like Heart of Darkness, focus on the negative or ambivalent aspects of “going native”, Kim contains an unexpectedly positive representation of this fantasy, which suggests an optimistic re-interpretation of the myth by Kipling.

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Eriksson, Ingela. "”Hur ska jag kunna lära mig det här när jag inte förstår?” : Hur elever erfar lust och olust i skolmatematiken". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4637.

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The aim of the study is to examine factors influencing students’ feelings of pleasure or pain associated with school mathematics. Own experience of students’ frustration about mathematics and concern about students not reaching desired goals is the driving force in this study. It contributes with knowledge from the students' perspective. Hopefully the result can help others, teachers and parents, to strengthen pupils’ desire and ability to learn. Students’ emotions about mathematics are important for learning and mathematics can cause joy as well as anxiety. The students who are positive often need stimulation and challenge, but are usually not a problem for the adults. The negative emotions, especially fear, is something that adults should take into account and try to develop for the better. Anxiety can be described as "a lack of well-being". It can cause panic, paralysis and mental disorganization when students are required to solve math tasks. Math anxiety can also be defined as a combination of stress before the test, low self-esteem, fear of failure and negative attitudes towards learning mathematics. Symptoms can include avoidance of formal mathematics instruction, poor test results and that instructions will not have the expected effect. There is a phenomenological approach of the study. Phenomenology studies how the consciousness creates meaning. The focal point is trying to learn about the students’ experience of their 'Being-in-the-World'. How do students view school mathematics, and why? What can create desire for learning mathematics? What can create uneasiness in learning mathematics? In order to get a better view of this complex area four different data sources are used. Eight pupils are interviewed individually. 19 students participated in focus group interviews. 134 students, ages 11-13, answered questions in a web survey. One class observation was also made. The result was formed into three important factors, Student’s own view of capacity and attitude to mathematics, Importance of relations to others (teachers, class mates, parents) and Content and working forms. Three different themes came into focus – Understanding, Working atmosphere and Safety. The four main areas of importance, as seen in this study, are Interaction student-teacher, Understanding and feeling of success, Good atmosphere in the classroom and Awareness about the use of mathematics. The results show areas of importance for pupils who are feeling math anxiety. They are less aware of how mathematics can be of use for them also outside school and the importance of mathematics in their future lives. They need a much stronger support from adults, teachers and parents, in their math studies, than pupils without anxiety. The classroom environment can also cause problems, if students do not feel safe or feel stressed or disturbed by other pupils or teachers. There are also a few differences between the girls’ and the boys’ experiences, where girls seem to reflect more about their uneasiness when it comes to mathematics, sometimes caused by the boys. What can teachers learn from this study? In short: motivate, teach and let the pupils talk.

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Österholm, Anders. "Förekomst av tenn och koppar på bottenmålade fritidsbåtar 2011". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-16405.

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Det har uppmärksammat att det fortfarande förekommer tenn och koppar från båtbottenfärg på fritidsbåtars skrov trots förbud av båtbottenfärger med tennföreningen TBT sedan 1989 och reglering av kopparbaserade färger sedan 1999.Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att ge en dagslägesrapport vad gäller förekomst av tenn och koppar på fritidsbåtars skrov.Under våren 2011 har tester på 336 fritidsbåtar i tre vattenområden gjorts med hjälp av en handhållen XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence, röntgenfluorescens) som genom avläsning av en yta visar halter av olika grundämnen. Testerna utfördes på vinterförvarade fritidsbåtar <12 m hos båtklubbar vid Mälaren, Storsjön och Härnösandskusten. Undersökningen visar att 73 % av båtarna i denna undersökning har halter av tenn och/eller koppar överstigande >2500 ppm, vilket är det för rapporten satta riktvärdet. Det innebär att de skulle kunna tas vidare till kemisk testning med till exempel gaskromatografi kopplad till masspektrometri (GC-MS) för att avgöra exakt vilken substans färgen innehåller. Resultatet visar också att användningen av tennfärger antingen fortfarande förekommer i liten skala eller att gamla tennfärger är så pass starka att de ger utslag genom övermålade färglager. Kopparfärg verkar användas både vid ostkusten och i insjöar.Antifoulingsystem som kan ersätta bottenfärg blir allt vanligare och det dyker upp fler och fler mer miljövänliga alternativ på marknaden. Det vanligaste alternativa systemet, båttvättar, blir dock mindre miljövänligt i och med förekomst av gammal färg innehållande skadliga substanser som tvättas av i båtborsttvättar med starkt bristfällig uppsamling och rening av avfallet/slammet.
It has been noticed that tin and copper are still present in antifouling paints residing on the hulls of leisure boats, in spite of a ban of TBT-based paints since 1989 and strict regulations regarding copper-based paints since 1999.This bachelor thesis aims to give the reader a view of the current situation regarding the presence of tin and copper on the hull of leisure boats.During the spring of 2011, 336 leisure boats in three different waters were tested with a hand-held XRF analyzer (X-Ray Fluorescence). After scanning the surface of a hull the machine displays the paint’s proportions of basic elements. Testing was performed on leisure boats, winter-stored at yacht clubs connected to the lakes Mälaren, Storsjön and the coast of Härnösand. In this study 73 % of the tested boats show levels of tin and/or copper exceeding the (for this essay) set limits of 2500 parts per million, which means they could qualify for further testing, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for example, to determine the exact substances in the paints. The results also show that tin-based paints are either still in use, albeit in small scale, or that they are strong enough to detect through another layer(s) of paint. Copper-based paints seem to be used both along the east coast and in fresh-water lakes.More and more alternative antifouling systems that are capable of replacing paints while being more environmentally friendly are reaching the market. The most common alternative, to wash the boat with brushes or with a high-pressure water jet, is somewhat less environmentally friendly when the boat is painted with harmful substances and the facilities lack proper collection and sanitation of the wastewater.

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Junior, Geraldo Pereira da Silva. "O negócio do \"prazer remunerado\" nos discursos de garotos que fazem programa". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-30052012-152037/.

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Ao abordar o tema mercado sexual, destacamos a prática da prostituição como uma das principais maneiras de se inserir e atuar nesse universo. No presente trabalho voltamos o olhar para a prostituição de rua praticada por garotos de programa, com o intuito de entender e revelar subjetividades presentes nesse contexto, uma vez que, no campo da Saúde Pública, esse tema geralmente culmina em um viés epidemiológico, voltado para os riscos que correm de contraírem doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Com base nas referidas pesquisas, programas de Saúde Pública, na maioria das vezes, planejam e executam ações que entendemos como engessamento social e de saúde. Nesse sentido, contribuímos trazendo novas informações sobre o tema, oriundas da pesquisa realizada no período de 2010-2011, junto a garotos de programa da região de Osasco, Grande São Paulo/SP. Metodologicamente, contamos com contribuições de pesquisas etnográficas, destacando-se a observação-participante, o diário de campo, as entrevistas itinerantes e em profundidade. Ao longo da pesquisa emergiram categorias de análise como sexualidades, hierarquias sexuais e masculinidades. Referências de autores como Gayle Rubin, Michael Foucault e Nestor Perlongher foram fundamentais para a aproximação teórico-metodológica. Consideramos que, comparativamente ao cenário no qual estavam inseridos os garotos de programa que atuavam em São Paulo entre as décadas de 70 e 80, surgiram novos códigos e novas categorias de atuação, cujas práticas não necessariamente são interpretadas como prostituição. Nesse sentido, esses garotos não se identificam inseridos em um mercado sexual e elegem o prazer remunerado como uma nova categoria para justificar suas vivências que se dão entre a clandestinidade, as práticas homossexuais e a afirmação da masculinidade. Por último, apresentamos também suas diversidades, especificidades e enfatizamos as inúmeras violências às quais estão expostos em suas práticas sexuais e comerciais
To discuss about sex market, we focus on the prostitution practice as the primary way of enter and work in this universe. In this present study we look at the street prostitution practiced by lover boys with the intention of understand and reveal subjectivities present in this context, since, in the field of public health, this subject usually leads to an epidemiological bias, facing the risks of contracting sexually transmitted diseases. Based on these cited researches, public health programs often plan and develop actions that we understand as a social and health immobilization. In order to contribute about the subject we bring new information in this research performed with lover boys from Osasco São Paulo/SP, between 2010-2011. Methodologically we have ethnographic research contributions, especially dynamic observation, field notes, itinerant and deep interviews. Some categories of analysis arose during the study as sexuality, sexual hierarchies and masculinities. Contributions of authors: Gayle Rubin, Michael Foucault and Nestor Perlongher were fundamental to the theoretical and methodological approach. We believe that compared to the lover boys who worked in São Paulo between 70s and 80s came up new codes and new categories of performance that are not necessarily interpreted as prostitution. In this sense, they do not identify themselves inserted into a sex market and choose the paid-pleasure as a new category to justify their experiences that takes place between the clandestinity, homosexual practices and the masculinity assertion. Finally, there are their diversities, specificities and countless violence which are involved during their sexual and commercial practices

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Pühler, Simon. "Funny games". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17063.

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"FUNNY GAMES. Spielräume des Sadomasochismus in Film und Medien" ist der Versuch, eine Geschichte medialer Schmerzlust zu rekonstruieren – in etwa von 1789 bis heute. Neben klassischer SM-Literatur sind es Spielfilme wie VIDEODROME (1983), FALSCHER BEKENNER (2005), THE HURT LOCKER (2008) oder SHORTBUS (2006), in denen modernes Schmerzlust-Empfinden und -Begehren offenbar wird. Die Untersuchung richtet sich dabei auf Konzepte technoimaginärer Wunsch- und Höllenmaschinen, dynamisierte Ich-Apparate, wie sie Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade, Leopold und Wanda von Sacher-Masoch, Ernst Kapp, Sigmund Freud, Daniel Paul Schreber, Jacques Lacan, Gilles Deleuze und Félix Guattari, David Cronenberg, Michael Haneke, Kathryn Bigelow u.v.a. im Medienumfeld ihrer Zeit individuell erleben und auf ihre je eigene Art – meist sehr fantasiereich – bearbeiten. Der vorliegende Entwurf, medienarchäologische Spurensicherung und gleichsam Test-Spiel, ist vor allem eine Einladung zum Mitmachen: Beim obsessiven Durchschreiten virtueller (Alptraum-)Welten und realer Körper negative und positive Lust zu erfahren, sich neuen Sinnesreizqualitäten zu öffnen, um schließlich Mehr-Lust und -Wissen zu erwerben. Anti-Ödipus als interaktives Video(bei)spiel. Als Analysetools haben sich Erkenntnisse aus der (strukturalen) Psychoanalyse, der (technischen) Medienwissenschaft, (Film-)Philosophie, der Gender-, Gewalt-, Fetisch- und (kulturwissenschaftlichen) Spieltheorie als hilfreich erwiesen, um dem Geheimnis und Rätsel sadomasochistischer Schmerzlust – und ihrer crash-Medien – ein wenig näher zu kommen.
"FUNNY GAMES. Spielräume des Sadomasochismus in Film und Medien" aims to reconstruct a history of pleasure and gratification through pain in the media since the end of the eighteenth century. In addition to classical sado-masochistic literature, the thesis focuses on movies in which modern forms of experiencing and desiring pain such as VIDEODROME (1983), I AM GUILTY (2005), THE HURT LOCKER (2008) and SHORTBUS (2006) manifest themselves. Central to the study are concepts of techno-imaginary wish machines and infernal devices, dynamised ego-apparatuses, that are experienced and expressed through the media of their time by writers, philosophers, psychoanalysts and film directors such as Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade, Leopold and Wanda von Sacher-Masoch, Ernst Kapp, Sigmund Freud, Daniel Paul Schreber, Jacques Lacan, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, David Cronenberg, Michael Haneke and Kathryn Bigelow. The present study, an attempt to secure the medial evidence and try it out at the same time, is meant most of all as an invitation to participate: to experience positive desire and lust while obsessively progressing through virtual worlds of dreams and nightmares and the real world of the human body, to open oneself to new experiences in order to gain both new knowledge and new desires. Anti-Oedipus as a textual videogame. The analytical tools employed in this study include findings from (structural) psychoanalysis, media sciences, (movie) philosophy, gender theory, the theory of violence, fetish theory and game theory as applied in cultural studies. They have proven to be very helpful in illuminating at least some aspects of the mystery that is the sado-masochist desire for pain.

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Klocksiem, Justin Allen. "On the measurability of pleasure and pain". 2009. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3359145.

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The topic of my dissertation is the hedonic calculus. The hedonic calculus presupposes that pleasure and pain come in amounts amenable to addition, subtraction, and aggregation operations. These operations are ones that utilitarianism and related normative ethical theories treat as central to moral phenomena. The first chapter is an introduction to the problem—in it, I explain what the hedonic calculus is, why it is important, and why it has recently come under disfavor. The second chapter explores the nature of hedonic phenomena, arguing that pleasure and pain are propositional attitudes; they are not feelings or feeling-tones, nor are they fundamentally a matter of desire or motivation. The third and fourth chapters concern the nature of quantitative phenomena. I argue that quantities are determinate properties whose determinables enter into greater-than, less-than, or equal-to relationships that are homomorphic with the structure of the real number line. These structures include the presence of a unique order; the possibility of equal intervals; and a natural, non-arbitrary zero point. The fifth chapter is a defense of the thesis that there are exactly three relations of quantitative comparison from a recent attack. I argue that apparent instances of being on a par are in fact instances of vagueness or complexity and do not threaten the truth of the trichotomy thesis. The sixth chapter addresses arguments that pleasure and pain fail to meet these formal conditions. One argument stems from the observation that pleasures and pains are essentially transient and ephemeral. Another argument proceeds from the observation that interpersonal comparisons of pleasure and pain appear to be impossible. A third, closely related to the first two, argues that pleasure and pain are too heterogeneous to be quantitative. A final argument holds that, for a variety of reasons, the various mathematical operations constitutive of quantitativeness are not applicable to pleasure or pain. I argue that each argument suffers from at least one fatal flaw. Some arguments crucially involve a failure to distinguish between the existence of a quantity and our ability to perform reliable measurements of it. Others involve false analogies between hedonic and other sorts of phenomena. The seventh chapter addresses arguments in favor of the legitimacy of the calculus. Many philosophers, such as Bentham, Mill, Ross, and Plato, seem to assume, without any serious argument, that pleasure and pain are quantitative. Others attempt to argue that, for example, two people enjoying something must involve more pleasure than if just one person were enjoying it. A third type of argument rests on the claim that it is sometimes rational to be indifferent between a longer lasting, less intense episode of pleasure and a more intense but shorter episode. This suggests that since duration is clearly quantitative, intensity must be, too, because if it were not, there could be no equivalence between the brief but intense and the lengthy but mellow episodes. Several of these arguments are unsound or question-begging. Finally, I present an argument in favor of the hedonic calculus that I endorse, along with possible objections and my replies. I begin by acknowledging the central point of the “hedonic trade-offs” argument, and then proceed, via reductio, by pointing out the various absurd or unpalatable consequences of the denial of the thesis that pleasure and pain are quantitative.

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Aiello, Brittnie Leigh. "Mothering in jail: Pleasure, pain, and punishment". 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3445141.

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This dissertation examines the role of motherhood in the women’s unit at Northeast Jail, a medium-security facility located in the Northeastern United States. Staff and administrators at Northeast Jail identify the facility as unique in the age of “get-tough” policies toward crime and punishment because the jail provides drug rehabilitation programming, educational opportunities, some job training, and a variety of classes and therapeutic groups. Preparation for parenting is an important part of the therapeutic agenda for women inmates at Northeast Jail. Officially, motherhood manifests in jail in the form of parenting classes and visitation, but motherhood is woven throughout other therapeutic groups, daily life and conversation. In these venues, staff promote an ideal form of motherhood that is not available to women in or out of jail. Thus, constructions of ideal motherhood punish women who cannot practice them. Motherhood is also tied to formal mechanisms of punishment that the jail uses to discipline inmates who break institutional rules. Or, motherhood is invoked to encourage women to behave in institutionally prescribed ways. Furthermore, since the purpose of Northeast Jail is to punish and confine, therapeutic endeavors are often superseded by punitive measures. In order to maintain a rhetoric of rehabilitation in the face of traditional punishment, staff and administrators construct inmates in ways that justify incarceration on therapeutic or punitive grounds. In short, motherhood is an integral part of life at Northeast Jail, even though women are practically and ideologically barred from practicing motherhood in their everyday lives. I will argue that this disconnect, and the primacy of motherhood to women’s lives makes motherhood an effective tool of gendered punishment.

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32

Bitar, Nathalie. "When pain offset induces pleasure : a psychophysical and fMRI study". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24490.

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Introduction: Une stimulation nociceptive localisée peut produire une analgésie diffuse par un mécanisme endogène inhibiteur de la douleur (MEID). Des stimuli plaisants (e.g. musique) ainsi que le plaisir induit par l’interruption de la douleur peuvent également induire une analgésie. Pour cette raison, il est possible que l’analgésie causée par le plaisir (induite par l’arrêt de la douleur) soit un effet confondant dans le MEID. Objectifs: 1) Examiner la possibilité d’une relation entre le plaisir induit par l’arrêt de la douleur et le MEID et 2) Étudier l’interaction entre le plaisir et la douleur en examinant les activations/désactivations cérébrales pendant une stimulation nociceptive. Méthodologie: Étude 1) Le MEID a été mesuré (N=27) en administrant une chaleur nociceptive (thermode) avant et après le test de l’eau froide. Après une pause de 30 minutes, le test de l’eau froide a été réadministré pour mesurer le niveau de plaisir (0-100) induit par l’arrêt de la douleur (mesuré pendant 4 minutes). Étude 2) Un stimulus nociceptif (gel froid) a été administré (N=26) pendant une session d’IRMf. Résultats: Étude 1) L’arrêt du test de l’eau froide a induit une hypoalgésie avoisinant les 40%. Le MEID et le plaisir induit par l’interruption de la douleur n’étaient pas corrélés. Étude 2) Comparativement au stimulus neutre, le gel froid a induit une activation significative des régions de douleur (e.g. insula, precuneus) et une désactivation significative dans le gyrus frontal orbital moyen. Discussion: La désactivation du gyrus frontal orbital moyen illustre le débalancement de l’homéostasie pendant la stimulation douloureuse, qui est ensuite rétablit par l’augmentation du plaisir, suite à l’interruption de la douleur (effet compensatoire entre la douleur et le plaisir).
Background: A localized painful stimulation can produce diffused analgesia through the inhibitory conditioned pain modulation system (ICPM). Analgesia can also be induced by pleasant stimuli (e.g. music) or by the interruption of a painful stimuli (pleasant pain relief). Because pleasure has analgesic benefits, the effect of pleasant pain relief could be a confounding factor in ICPM. Furthermore, pain offset induces activations in reward regions, though results showing the deactivation of reward regions during pain onset have been inconsistent. Objectives: 1) investigate the possible relationship between pleasant pain relief and ICPM using psychophysical measures and 2) investigate cerebral activations/deactivations during pain onset. This will allow a better comprehension of the pain/reward interaction. Methodology: In study 1, ICPM was measured (N=27) by administering noxious heat (thermode) before and after the cold pressor test (CPT). After a 30 minutes break, the CPT was re-administered to measure pleasant pain relief (0-100) for 4 minutes. In study 2, a modified CPT (gel) was administrated (N=26) during an fMRI session to investigate cerebral activations/deactivations during pain onset. Results: In study 1, interruption of the CPT induced a mean pleasant pain relief of almost 40%. ICPM and pleasant pain relief did not correlate. In study 2, we found significant activations in the insula, the precuneus and the middle frontal gyrus and a significant deactivation in the medial orbital frontal gyrus during pain onset, when compared to the neutral stimulus. Discussion: Deactivation of reward regions illustrates the disruption in homeostasis caused by pain onset, which is later reinstated during pain offset (pleasant pain relief), therefore showing a compensatory effect. This allowed an enhanced comprehension of the opponent process theory.

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33

Evans, Matthew Lyall. "The authority of pleasure and pain: moral psychology in Plato's Philebus". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1483.

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Chang, Che-Hao, i 張哲豪. "Pain for Pleasure: Catching Sight of the BDSM Community in Taiwan". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w8z692.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
新聞研究所
102
In order to understand and comprehend the BDSM community, this report started by sadomasochistic practicers’ experiences, trying to lead readers walk into the world of BDSM step by step by means of real, sincere and simple spot coverage. This report can be divided into three parts. Chapter 1 to chapter 4 attempts to guide readers understand the sadomasochistic culture by different aspects, including sadomasochistic practicers’ stories, the history of sadomasochism and the distinctive gender phenomenon. Readers can find out that sadomasochism is not only the model of “pain leads to pleasure”, but the complicated relation between spirit and authority. Besides, it also contains stories of self-discovery and growth. Chapter 5 to chapter 7 focuses the interaction between the BDSM community and the society. In addition to portray how the masses and the academia treat sadomasochistic behaviors, this part includes their process of advancing social identification and the contradiction between BDSM community members. Besides, “Bondage” is familiar with publicity recently, since it becomes a kind of art. Chapter 8 is the conclusion. It describes and compares the situation of BDSM community between past and now. Furthermore, this chapter depicts what they are going to do in the future. This report tries to put the sadomasochistic subculture into record and contribute to the comprehension between various communities through 8 chapters.

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Evans, Matthew Lyall White Stephen A. Sosa David. "The authority of pleasure and pain moral psychology in Plato's Philebus /". 2004. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1483/evansd28424.pdf.

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BRIDEL, WILLIAM F. "Finish...Whatever it Takes" Exploring Pain and Pleasure in the Ironman Triathlon: A Socio-Cultural Analysis". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6250.

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The Ironman triathlon began in 1978, according to popular accounts the result of an argument among a group of athletes about who was the fittest. Thirty years later, participation in the Ironman has grown exponentially despite the physical and mental demands of the sport. In my dissertation I examine the ways different types of pain and pleasure function in the production of bodies and selves within this sporting practice and how these understandings of pain and pleasure intersect with neoliberal discourses. My study adds to an important body of literature in the sociology of sport that has explored pain and injury. This literature has revealed the normalization of pain and injury in sport, at the expense of athletes’ short and long-term health. Exploring pain and pleasure in a recreational sport and fitness practice and in light of neoliberal governmentality offers new insights. I conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 recreational Ironman triathletes and incorporated my own Ironman experiences into the project. Mediated representations of the sport helped to contextualize the interview and autobiographical materials. I subjected the information that I gathered to a critical discourse analysis informed by the theoretical perspectives of Michel Foucault. My findings reveal that there are multiple ways that people construct their experiences of pain and pleasure in the Ironman context. Athletes strive to negotiate “positive” and “negative” kinds of pain in an effort to produce skilled, disciplined bodies, capable of finishing the event and claiming an “Ironman identity.” Pleasure in this sport seems mostly connected to ideas of challenge, achievement, rewards, and recognition. The constructions of pain and pleasure largely reify dominant sport and exercise discourses which promote discipline, toughness, and achievement. Considering the Ironman in light of neoliberalism, it was evident that values of health, self-esteem, the use of pain, and the primary use of non-work/leisure time for training and racing were intricately connected to ideas about individual responsibility. I argue that as the “Ironman identity” becomes more normalized, our understandings of bodies and health shift in problematic way. This reinforces neoliberal ideologies of self-responsibility and makes diminished State responsibility for citizens more insidious than it is already.
Thesis (Ph.D, Kinesiology & Health Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-12-22 11:37:39.876

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37

Fletcher, Emily. "Plato on Pleasure, Intelligence and the Human Good: An Interpretation of the Philebus". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35067.

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The Philebus is devoted to the question what constitutes the good for a human being. Although Socrates initially favors a life of pure intelligence against the hedonist’s life of pure pleasure, he quickly concedes that some pleasures actually enhance the life of intelligence. In order to determine which pleasures deserve a place in the best life, Socrates undertakes a lengthy investigation into the nature of pleasure. Commentators have long been frustrated in their attempt to uncover a single, unified account that explains in a plausible way the extraordinary variety of pleasures analyzed in the dialogue. I argue that this search for a generic account of pleasure is misguided, because one of the main purposes of Socrates’ division of pleasure is to expose its essentially heterogeneous nature. Pleasures can be bodily or psychic, pure or mixed with pain, truth apt or not, healthy or diseased, and inherently measured or unmeasured, and there are no essential properties which all of these diverse phenomena share. The inclusion of some pleasures in the final ranking of the goods at the end of the Philebus represents a dramatic shift in Plato’s attitude towards certain pleasures, and so it is not surprising that many scholars misinterpret the force of this conclusion. Even in the Republic where the pleasures of reason are favorably compared to the pleasures of spirit and appetite, intellectual pleasures are judged to be more pleasant and real than other pleasures, but they are nowhere judged to be better or praised as genuine goods. In the Philebus, not only are some pleasures unambiguously ranked among the highest goods, but Socrates gives no indication that these pleasures are good only in some qualified or extrinsic way. Instead, certain pleasures make their own positive contribution to the goodness of the best human life, making the mixed life more valuable and choiceworthy than the unmixed life of intelligence.

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Barros, Alice, Ana Costa i Francisco Apolonia. "Consulting project for the marketing oil department of Galp Energia: map the LPG bottled customer journeys regarding Home-delivery service nationwide and recommendations to improve the client’s experience". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/38612.

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