Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Pact Tanzania

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Pact Tanzania”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 29 lipca 2024

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Pact Tanzania"

Holmes, Michelle D., Shona Dalal, Vikash Sewram, Megan B. Diamond, Sally N. Adebamowo, Ikeoluwapo O. Ajayi, Clement Adebamowo i in. "Consumption of processed food dietary patterns in four African populations". Public Health Nutrition 21, nr 8 (1.02.2018): 1529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001700386x.

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AbstractObjectiveTo identify predominant dietary patterns in four African populations and examine their association with obesity.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting/SubjectsWe used data from the Africa/Harvard School of Public Health Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) pilot study established to investigate the feasibility of a multi-country longitudinal study of non-communicable chronic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. We applied principal component analysis to dietary intake data collected from an FFQ developed for PaCT to ascertain dietary patterns in Tanzania, South Africa, and peri-urban and rural Uganda. The sample consisted of 444 women and 294 men.ResultsWe identified two dietary patterns: the Mixed Diet pattern characterized by high intakes of unprocessed foods such as vegetables and fresh fish, but also cold cuts and refined grains; and the Processed Diet pattern characterized by high intakes of salad dressing, cold cuts and sweets. Women in the highest tertile of the Processed Diet pattern score were 3·00 times more likely to be overweight (95 % CI 1·66, 5·45; prevalence=74 %) and 4·24 times more likely to be obese (95 % CI 2·23, 8·05; prevalence=44 %) than women in this pattern’s lowest tertile (both P<0·0001; prevalence=47 and 14 %, respectively). We found similarly strong associations in men. There was no association between the Mixed Diet pattern and overweight or obesity.ConclusionsWe identified two major dietary patterns in several African populations, a Mixed Diet pattern and a Processed Diet pattern. The Processed Diet pattern was associated with obesity.

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Kessy, Emanuel T. "The History of Cultural Heritage Research and Teaching in Tanzania". Tanzania Zamani: A Journal of Historical Research and Writing 10, nr 2 (1.09.2018): 65–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tza20211024.

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The history of heritage research in Tanzania can be traced back to the end of the 19th century. While researching on Tanzanian heritage was important because most of it was not preserved in literary form, nonetheless it was, in many ways, inappropriately represented. Sometimes it was done with a political inclination to support the colonial domination ideology whereby any form of social, political and economic achievement in Africa was unattainable in the absence of external intervention by races from outside the African continent. In order to maintain that, very limited initiative was taken by the colonialists to train local experts. To rectify this situation, the postcolonial government took initiatives to develop heritage training infrastructures in order to reconstruct the crooked history. While that has already taken shape with positive results, there are still several challenges to overcome. As practice of modern archaeology increasingly requires the use of advanced and expensive scientific equipment, facilities and associated techniques, a danger arises if a developing country like Tanzania won't match up the pace because the quality research products are subject to technological advancement of a particular era. Associated with this is a need to develop a national-based financial body for heritage research to free the country from donor funding dependency which, sometimes, do not align to national research agenda. This paper traces the history of cultural heritage research and training in Tanzania and highlights key factors that contributed to the present state in the country. A comparative overview of the respective aspects under review is made between colonial and postcolonial Tanzania.

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Song, Jae W., Mechris C. Mango, Lawrence M. Museru, Andrew Kesselman, Kenedy Foryoung, Othman Kiloloma, T. Rob Goodman i Frank J. Minja. "Successful Implementation of a PACS in Tanzania". Journal of the American College of Radiology 14, nr 5 (maj 2017): 710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2017.01.009.

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Samwel Msaky, Emma. "Middle Jurassic – earliest Late Cretaceous palynofloras, coastal Tanzania - Part One". Palaeontographica Abteilung B 286, nr 1-3 (15.07.2011): 1–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/palb/286/2011/1.

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Samwel Msaky, Emma. "Middle Jurassic – earliest Late Cretaceous palynofloras, coastal Tanzania - Part Two". Palaeontographica Abteilung B 286, nr 4-6 (11.11.2011): 101–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/palb/286/2011/101.

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Mpambije, Chakupewa Joseph. "Leveraging the Roles and Constraints of Think Tanks in Enhancing Industrialization in Tanzania". Tanzania Journal of Development Studies 19, nr 2 (22.12.2021): 149–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279//kvsd5151.

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In order to maintain the recent attained low middle-income status, Tanzania needs to invest heavily in the industrialized economy so as to spur multiple economic growths. While some efforts have been made to facilitate industrialisation, think tanks have not been given the desired attention notwithstanding their critical roles in increasing the pace of industrialization. By using critical integrative literature review method, this paper posits that, in Tanzania, think tanks have lightly partaken in the industrialization process in areas like; forging better industrial policy, undertaking a niche in research for industrial development, collaborating with other think tanks from global North to elevate industrialisation and giving technical expertise through consultancy for industrial development. While think tanks have played the role of pushing for Tanzania’s industrial path, their scope is hampered by several setbacks including their nascent stature, unqualified personnel, funding as well as poor political support. This article holds the view that think tanks have the capacity to facilitate sustainable industrial development having increased their capacity to conduct large scale industrial research capable of influencing policy change at the national level. In this regard, the government should increase the level of commissioning local think tanks to conduct several policy related tasks that influence industrial development. This will be possible if the government will honour setting aside 1% of its GDP to research and development to ensure the sustainability of TTs.

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POSSI, MWAJABU K., i JOSEPH R. MILINGA. "Special and Inclusive Education in Tanzania: Reminiscing the Past, Building the Future". Educational Process: International Journal 6, nr 4 (15.12.2017): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2017.64.4.

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Adam, Kitoi E., Mussa Ally Dida i Devotha G. Nyambo. "Development of Railway Information System to Improve Railway Data Aggregation and Analysis in Tanzania". Mobile Information Systems 2023 (11.05.2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8077150.

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For more than three decades, railway transportation in Tanzania has been in an on-and-off state even though a railway network exists. This is due to damaged tracks, a lack of proper management, and railway operational information. Recently, the Tanzanian government made efforts to revive railway transportation by reopening a few train routes and constructing a new and improved railway network. Even with revived operations, the digitalization process of railway data is still at a low pace as most data is populated in excel sheets for analysis; the major source of data being paper-based. With the use of a mixed research method, this paper provides an information system in the form of mobile and web applications, which provide a platform for populating railway data through the web application accessible to the railway corporation and disseminating railway information to the public through the mobile application. With these platforms, data aggregation and analysis have been made easier and more understandable than the use of excel sheets alone. The results show great possibilities for increased use of digital techniques such as web mapping, which contribute to higher data accuracy and better visualization of railway information that can be disseminated to the public.

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Shao, John. "Politics and the Food Production Crisis in Tanzania". Issue 14 (1985): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700505897.

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Opinion is now universally agreed among all people of conscience, that the so-called Tanzanian experiment is a complete and dismal failure. Reviews critical of this ‘experiment’ and warning about the impending catastrophe, which began to appear in the international press in the middle of 1980 as a whisper, had become an uproar by late 1982 as the hopes and optimism that accompanied the apparent and aberrant recovery of 1976-79 were dashed and shattered by the return of the food crisis in 1980 and the perseverance and intensification of the general economic crisis. The pace of deterioration of the economy has accelerated since 1980.

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Maisch, Michael W. "Observations on Karoo and Gondwana vertebrates. Part 3: Notes on the gorgonopsians from the Upper Permian of Tanzania". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 2002, nr 4 (25.04.2002): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/2002/2002/237.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Pact Tanzania"

Briones, Dahlin Antonio. "Botanical pesticides : a part of sustainable agriculture in Babati District Tanzania". Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2626.

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Botanical pesticides are agricultural pest management agents which are based on plant extracts. In modern times these have been used as alternatives to synthetic chemicals in organic pest management. The practice of using plant materials against field and storage pests however has a long history in many indigenous and traditional farming communities across the world. During February and March 2009 a field study was conducted in Babati district in Manyara region, Tanzania to investigate the local use of botanical pesticides. The results from the field study were subsequently analyzed and contextualized in Nicanor Perlas model The Seven Dimensions of Sustainable Agriculture which was used as a framework theory. The analysis indicates that there are a variety of thresholds for the use of botanical pesticides in sustainable agriculture in Babati district besides the more obvious practical aspects. The latter parts of the paper discuss the differences between reductionist and holistic, indigenous and scientific ways of achieving knowledge with regard to plant based pesticides. The study concludes that ecological pest management is a holistic method based on the synergy of a variety of farming practices. Indigenous knowledge which is holistic, site-specific and experience based has therefore much to offer modern endeavours to practice a more sustainable agriculture and pest management strategies which consider the welfare of both humanity and the environment.

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Msindai, John Peter Aaron. "The hydrocarbon habitat of part of the northern coast of Tanzania". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274557.

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Stefano, Jesse A. "Missionary work in the Church of Tanzania in the past and present /". Erlangen : Evangelical lutheran mission publishing house = Verl. der Ev.-Luth. Mission, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366800315.

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Ahearne, Robert Michael. "Understanding contemporary development : Tanzanian life narratives of intervention". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/understanding-contemporary-development-tanzanian-life-narratives-of-intervention(917aad9d-8c71-4c52-8516-65838c1420d8).html.

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This thesis investigates the perceptions of development held by the supposed beneficiaries of various interventions over time. Development (or maendeleo) has been central to Tanzanian political discourse since the late-colonial era and is still drawn on by government, Civil Society and Non-governmental Organizations alike. This research investigates the period from late-colonialism until the present day, discussing the way in which wazee (older people) in South-Eastern Tanzania interpret development. In other words, this thesis centres on the views held by a group often overlooked in development research in a region that is similarly sidelined. In order to delimit the study in certain important ways, this thesis is framed by three dimensions that are seen as critical to reading development: materiality, place and ‘the past’.Material aspirations are seen as significant herein and are placed alongside the material inequalities between people and places that help to frame older people’s readings of development. These inequalities are partly played out in the differences between places, as in two proximate villages in South-Eastern Tanzania, and the perceptions of place and space are also fundamental to interpreting development. History/‘the past’ and the way in which this is understood and represented is a third and equally important dimension which structures the way in which development is understood by older people, based on their experience of ‘the past’ rather than through historical distinctions imposed from ‘outside’. This thesis offers a multi-disciplinary approach to investigating development, and demonstrates that a thorough engagement with people who have lived through numerous different eras and experienced various interventions, generates complex, place-specific readings of development. Through ethnographic research I have been able to demonstrate the importance of ‘localized’ knowledge although many of those who were interviewed draw from attendant discourses at regional, national and global scales in order to exemplify their arguments. Development is largely understood through absence rather than presence by wazee in South-Eastern Tanzania and with far greater complexity than is often allowed for in more mainstream research into development. Expectations for development have been created over time by various promises of intervention but the perceived failure of many such attempts is seen to further emphasize the absence rather than the presence of development, with older people arguing that they are isolated and ostracised and written out of contemporary development and materially poor. The value placed on uncovering voices that are otherwise lost from debates cannot be overemphasized and this illustrates that development tropes appear far different when the perspectives of wazee are fully analyzed. This thesis, then, challenges mainstream discourse and conventional histories of development and argues for a more engaged and grounded reading of the concept.

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Kamala, Paschal. "Industrial relations law in Tanzania : past experience and prospects under the new labour legislation". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4641.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-79).
This paper deals with how Tanzania Mainland industiral relations have evolved during the said different periods since independence up to now. The main focus will be to discuss the current legislation and how it seeks to improve industrial relations as compared to its predecessors. Also it will discuss in a nutshell whether the new legislation has met the International Law Organisation (ILO) standards. It further discusses the challenges facing Tanzania and its working class in the globalised labour market.

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Ryner, Maria. "Past environmental and climate changes in northern Tanzania : Vegetation and lake level variability in Empakaai Crater". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6835.

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Chalcraft, Jasper Morgan. "Cosmopolitan cartographies and the colonisation of the past : world heritage and rock art in Italy and Tanzania". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426773.

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Клименко, Валентина Анатоліївна, Валентина Анатольевна Клименко, Valentyna Anatoliivna Klymenko i Dishon Mbega Samuel. "Female circumsion as one of the tradition of the Kuria tribe found in northern part of Tanzania". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12548.

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Ilskog, Elisabeth. "And then they lived sustainably ever after? : Part I - experiences from rural electrification in Tanzania, Zambia and Kenya /". Licentiate thesis, Luleå, 2005. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1757/2005/02.

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Ikingura, Justinian Rwezaula Carleton University Dissertation Geology. "Geology, geochemistry and genesis of stanniferous granites in the southern part of the Karagwe-Ankolean belt, NW Tanzania". Ottawa, 1989.

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Książki na temat "Pact Tanzania"

Othman, Haroub. Zanzibar's political history: The past haunting the present? Copenhagen, Denmark: Centre for Development Research, 1993.

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D, Smith P., i University of Wales, Bangor. Centre for Arid Zone Studies., red. An evaluation of past agricultural studies in Tanzania. Bangor: Centre for Arid Zone Studies, University College of North Wales, 1990.

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E, Njau Adela, Mruma T i Women Research and Documentation Project., red. Gender and development in Tanzania: Past, present, and future. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Women's Research and Documentation Project, 1995.

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E, Njau Adela, Mruma T i Women Research and Documentation Project., red. Gender and development in Tanzania: Past, present, and future. Wyd. 2. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Women's Research and Documentation Project, 2004.

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(Organisation), Concern, i European Economic Community, red. Tanzania: People and natural resources : geography and development education pack. Dublin: CONCERN, 1990.

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Voigt-Graf, Carmen. Asian communities in Tanzania: A journey through past and present times. Hamburg: Institute of African Affairs, 1998.

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Rutinwa, Bonaventure. Legal regulation of industrial relations in Tanzania: Past experience and future prospects. Rondebosch, South Africa: Labour Law Unit, University of Cape Town, 1995.

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Stefano, Jesse A. Missionary work in the church of Tanzania in the past and present. Erlangen: Evangelical Lutheran Mission Pub. House, 1990.

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Ogutu, Gilbert E. M. Ker Jaramogi is dead: Who shall lead my people? : reflections on past, present, and future Luo thought and practice. Kisumu, Kenya: Palwa Research Services, 1995.

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Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar. Towards a new evangelization of African society: Proceedings of the Continental Conference on the Presentation in Africa of the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 27-30 August 2008. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2009.

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Części książek na temat "Pact Tanzania"

Bowman, Warigia M. "Tanzania: Technological Lessons from the Past". W Digital Development in East Africa, 81–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22162-0_4.

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Banzi, Firmi P., Peter Msaki i Najat Mohammed. "Challenging Issues in Regulating Uranium Mining in Tanzania". W Uranium - Past and Future Challenges, 41–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11059-2_4.

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Kimirei, I. A., M. Semba, C. Mwakosya, Yunus D. Mgaya i Shigalla B. Mahongo. "Environmental Changes in the Tanzanian Part of Lake Victoria". W Lake Victoria Fisheries Resources, 37–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69656-0_3.

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Yanda, Pius Z., Edmund B. Mabhuye, Anselm R. Mwajombe i Namkunda Johnson. "Community livelihoods and ecosystem integrity in makere forest reserve, western Tanzania." W Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 194–213. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0194.

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Abstract Wealth creation and poverty alleviation processes in the forest-bounded areas entail the use of such forests to a greater extent. Studies elsewhere show that there is often a tendency to use such forests until they are depleted before technology comes in to improve livelihoods. In this chapter, we examine community livelihoods in relation to ecosystem integrity for communities surrounding the Makere Forest Reserve, particularly socio-economic characteristics of communities, their links to forest utilization and implications for ecosystem integrity. We used mixed methods to collect data: (i) a household questionnaire; (ii) focus group discussions; (iii) key informant interviews; and (iv) a literature review, backed up with satellite imagery. Quantitative and qualitative data collected were subjected to statistical and non-statistical tests, respectively, with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software for quantitative data analysis. Livelihood activities in the area include shifting cultivation, livestock keeping, firewood fetching, charcoal making, harvesting timber and illegal logging. The motive for such forest exploitation is both for meeting household needs as well as for wealth accumulation. Forest users take part in such activities regardless of the distance they have to travel from their villages to come to the forest areas. We found education is an integral part of wealth status, but had nothing to do in terms of improving livelihood activities for ecosystem integrity. The absence of livelihood diversification of farm-related activities penetrates into weak forest governance strategies resulting in proliferation of deforestation and forest degradation. To maintain forest integrity, integrated approaches in forest management and alternative livelihood activities are needed such as beekeeping, fishing and modernized livestock keeping. These activities have the potential to increase household food and income and alleviate poverty levels without compromising ecosystem integrity.

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Fritz, Harald, i Christoph Hauzenberger. "The Southern Part of the Arabian–Nubian Shield in Kenya and Tanzania". W The Geology of the Arabian-Nubian Shield, 63–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72995-0_3.

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Ndesanjo, Ronald Boniphace, Ida Theilade i Martin Reinhardt Nielsen. "Pathways to Enhance Climate Change Resilience among Pastoral Households in Northern Tanzania". W African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2591–609. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_128.

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AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the pathways to enhance resilience to increased climate variability and directional change among pastoral households in Simanjiro District in Northern Tanzania. The study used household survey and rainfall and temperature data. Results indicate increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation trends over the past four decades. Also, extreme climatic events, particularly drought, have become more frequent. Food and water insecurity are key factors causing an increased household vulnerability. Increased climate change-induced malaria prevalence poses additional health risks. Household adaptive strategies include livelihood diversification and migration. Local institutions are instrumental in enhancing climate change resilience at the local level. We conclude that livelihood diversification and migration are key pathways to enhancing households’ climate change resilience.

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Giacomazzi, Mauro. "The Contextualisation of 21st Century Skills in East Africa". W The Enabling Power of Assessment, 31–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51490-6_3.

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AbstractThe world is concerned about young people’s preparedness to face challenges in the workplace, as well as society’s ability to respond to the social and economic issues of the twenty-first century. To respond to this challenge in the past decade, the education systems in East Africa have incorporated life skills and values into their policies and curricula; however, the actual implementation and incorporation of teaching and learning practices that foster these skills in the classroom is mostly unexplored. It has also been noted that tools used to measure 21st century skills in non-Western contexts have been borrowed from Western literature. This leaves no room for different understandings and conceptualisations of the skills to be measured. The Assessment of Life Skills and Values in East Africa (ALiVE) team addressed the gap in existing literature by exploring the understanding of collaboration, problem solving, self-awareness, and respect in the East African context through rapid ethnographic interviews. Each of these constructs are represented in the education systems of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The researchers interviewed a total of 368 participants (80 from Kenya, 55 from Tanzania, and 95 from Uganda). Of these, 76 participants were adolescents; 78 were parents; and 76 were teachers. What emerges prominently in the East African context is that personal identity incorporates more communitarian than individualistic features compared to the Western descriptions of the self. As a consequence, when designing a data collection tool for assessing life skills in the East African context, there are several conceptual, ethnographic, and epistemological elements to be considered—not only at the initial stage of conceptualising the framework of a tool, but also in the process of tool development, data collection, and data analysis.

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Sait, M. Siraj, i M. Adil Sait. "The paradox of Islamic land governance and gender equality." W Land governance and gender: the tenure-gender nexus in land management and land policy, 153–66. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247664.0013.

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Abstract The curious case of Islamic land perspectives in the context of African countries highlights the prospects and tensions in acknowledging distinctive Islamic land occurrences as part of the Islamic land governance or more broadly hybrid land governance regimes. Muslim customary land norms recall its history and context to produce land systems that appear more effective on the ground. These sociohistorical patterns mapping faithbased tenure contribute to additional types of land and property rights regimes that potentially increase access to land for women and marginalized groups. Examples from Kenya and Tanzania to Nigeria, Senegal and Somalia highlight that Islamic land perspectives cannot be seen as either homogeneous or existing in a vacuum. Shaped in various forms by customary practices, classical Islamic law, as well as colonial-era policies, Islamic land perspectives highlight the need for appropriate land governance. The paradox of 'Islamic' land governance is that while Islamic law has often been invisible and sometimes dismissed, it is an additional useful lens in rethinking the role of faith in land governance. The compelling and volatile relationship between Islamic land practices and governance query whether Islamic tenures need religious informed land governance to be effective.

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Stroeken, Koen. "Chapter Seven: The Oracle and the Real". W Simplex Society, 185–93. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41115-1_9.

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AbstractThis chapter synthesizes the author’s ethnographic work on healing systems in Africa. Divination has political relevance because is the art of shifting frames. The shift occurs by letting in ‘the real’, a moment neither imaginary nor symbolical. Why should oracles need mediumship or the geomantic throw? Ethnography in eastern and central Africa indicates that an oracle’s purpose is to defuse the simplex preoccupying the consulters.The reader learns about the organs that matter in haruspication. The five chapters of the first part diagnosed society as in a state of entropy and dehumanizing. Sukuma diviners in Tanzania have the tools for such diagnosis but viscerally enact them, which our analysis is in dire need of. To dehumanize is to imagine humans that can lay a claim on you. Bewitchment is the universal experience of someone embodying the Law and living inside you, impinging on your freedom, while you mistakenly situate the help offered by people and so-called ancestral energies ‘outside’ yourself. To live together with one’s witch, an inversion is called for, whereby you accept all those energies of ‘the real’ as part of yourself and locate the Law of the witch where it belongs, quite simply outside of your self. This act is not just a micro-story. Such frameshifts, anthropologists have shown, have built and regenerated society anywhere on this planet. Not surprisingly then, it is here that we discover the tensor of collective reason.

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Sosovele, H., Alfredo de Toro, Alfredo B. Nhantumbo, Alix von Keyserlingk i Richard Fowler. "13. The challenges of animal traction in Tanzania; Animal traction in Mozambique: results from a survey of small-scale farmers; The challenges of reintroducing animal traction in post-war Mozambique; Animal draft power in South Africa: past, present and future". W Meeting the Challenges of Animal Traction, 251–73. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445458.013.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Pact Tanzania"

Machuve, Dina Z., Irina Zlotnikova i Devotha Nyambo. "Monitoring and evaluation of the e-readers project in rural Tanzania". W 2014 Pan African Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scat.2014.7055138.

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Ongoro, Catherine A., i Joseph Mwangoka. "Using Game-Based approach to enhance language learning for preschoolers in Tanzania". W 2014 Pan African Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scat.2014.7055145.

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Mero, Rodrick, i Joseph Mwangoka. "Road map towards eco-efficient cloud computing adoption in higher learning institutions in Tanzania". W 2014 Pan African Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scat.2014.7055151.

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Chambo, Fidea F., Loserian S. Laizer, Yaw Nkansah-Gyekye i Vitalis Ndume. "Towards the development of mobile learning model for Tanzania secondary schools: Case study Kilimanjaro region". W 2013 Pan African International Conference on Information Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scat.2013.7055102.

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Ndume, Vitalis, Yaw Nkansah-Gyekye, Izak Lyatu i Jesuk Ko. "A methodology for data collection and integration of e-Health records: A case study of Ifakara Health Institute in Tanzania". W 2013 Pan African International Conference on Information Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scat.2013.7055103.

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Mhando, Salvatory. "The Practice of Co-curricular Activities in Tanzania: A Reflective Inquiry of Its Importance in Primary Education". W Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of Education. Dar es Salaam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37759/ice01.2023.11.

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This paper explores the practice of co-curricular activities in primary school by reflecting its importance in the context of Tanzania. Guided by pragmatism philosophical paradigm, the study employed a mixed methods research approach informed by concurrent triangulation research design. The study involved 135 participants, comprising 125 teachers, 8 heads of school and 2 education quality assurers. Heads of school and education quality assurers were purposefully sampled based on their positions while teachers were selected through simple random technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and semistructured interviews. Questionnaire method was administered to teachers while interview method was administered to heads of school and education quality assurers. Qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics, and presented in tables. Findings of this study revealed that despite various barriers such as shortage of time, inadequacy of facilities and equipment and shortage of expertise which hindered the implementation process of co-curricular activities, it was revealed that the practice of co-curricular activities had positive impact because students participated in various subject clubs where they acquired the competencies and performances regarding the discussed subject. Moreover, it was revealed that through participating in various activities students learned various entrepreneurship skills and were identified with different talents from the sports and games activities which are part of co-curricular activities. From the study findings, it is concluded that co-curricular activities are an important component of the primary schools’ education that needs to be emphasised and enhanced in the provision of primary school education in Tanzania. Finally, it is recommended that due to its importance in the education system, the government and education stakeholders need to practically sensitise the practice of co-curricular activities and accord similar status with the core curricular in order to develop learners of primary schools holistically in cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains as emphasised by the Tanzania’s Education and Training Policies of 1995 and that of 2014, as well the Sustainable Development Goals of 2030.

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Khamis, Hashim, Ramesh Rayudu i Daniel Burmester. "Decentralised Solar Photovoltaic Battery Based Mini-grid for Rural Electrification in Tanzania – Part I – Power sharing between villages". W 2022 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powerafrica53997.2022.9905242.

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"Legacies of a Past Modernism Discourses of Development and the Shaping of Centralized Electricity Infastructures in Late- and Postcolonial Tanzania". W International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure Conference Proceedings. ISNGI, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/000.cp.1469410.

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Parsons, Danny, David Stern i Roger Stern. "Using public procurement datasets for teaching and learning". W Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17708.

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As part of the African Data Initiative, this poster focusses on the procurement menu of R- Instat, a tailored product of R-Instat designed specifically to analyse datasets on public procurement. The menu, initially tailored around an online-available dataset of World Bank funded public procurement tenders awarded across 171 countries, implements a new, objective methodology for measuring corruption risks. By specifying recognised procurement variables in their dataset, such as number of bidders, users can allow R-Instat to suggest appropriate analyses of their data. Experience using this data in a hands-on workshop for mathematical science MSc students in Tanzania demonstrated the educational value of this tool. The menu has also been used to teach Public Procurement Management Masters students in Italy about corruption risks methodology using European procurement datasets. There is a growing movement towards more data becoming open, with initiatives such as the Open Contracting Partnership. Open data has exciting consequences for training statisticians and public procurement students. However, being able to fully take advantage of the open data movement requires tools that enable users to easily carry out appropriate analyses. Trainings using R-Instat have shown this has the potential to fill this gap. Future development of the procurement menu to support more varied datasets could make it easier for trainers to incorporate more real- world data into courses.

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Li, Huimin. "Africa Petroleum Fiscal Evolvement and Impacts on Foreign Investment: Illustrations from Nigeria". W SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2567973-ms.

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ABSTRACT With plenty of latest discoveries witnessed from East Africa, the petroleum atlas reshaping is expected where some new faces (e.g. Mozambique, Kenya, Tanzania, etc.) may play emergent roles besides traditional oil countries in Africa. Due to general lack of infrastructure construction and capital investment, it still need some time for large-scale commercial production and the involvement of international oil companies is indispensable in the process. Dramatic price drop has tremendously stricken both governments and international oil companies (IOC) in oil-producing countries since 2014. The effectiveness in which governments and IOCs adjust to this reality will determine the extent and the pace of future development of these countries’ oil sectors. Most IOCs were struggling to cut capital expenditure and control operating cost to survive, and how to maintain and attract investment is regarded as huge challenges by many governments in the downward scenario. Apart from resource factors, petroleum fiscal terms are one of the key factors in the investment decision for IOCs. The attractiveness of fiscal contracts has a fundamental effect on profitability of petroleum projects, and thus an important indicator for evaluating investment feasibility in the country. The paper gives an overview on fiscal transformation in most Africa oil countries, some of them were trying to increase government share in oil profits to support social expenditures, and others have provided fiscal incentives to absorb further investment in the oil sector. It shows that fiscal policies in the countries where national economy relies more on oil revenues are less stable during the past decade. Some upstream projects in Nigeria are illustrated to show the impacts of different contract terms on economic benefits. Thus with new government's coming into power, most IOCs are holding back further investment and expecting negotiation with the authorities for confirmation on fiscal terms applied in their assets to avoid potential contractual risks, like PIB, Side letter, etc. The implications regarding petroleum regime are summarized based on the experience from Nigeria for emerging countries in East Africa, relatively stable fiscal policy with some incentives to encourage exploration activities would be helpful to petroleum industry. Lastly, investment suggestions are presented with priorities to promote business development in the area.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Pact Tanzania"

Lees, Shelley, i Mark Marchant. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics Between Uganda and Tanzania in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, grudzień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.046.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Tanzania and Uganda in the context of the outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Rwanda; Tanzania; Kenya and South Sudan. The current outbreak is of the Sudan strain of Ebola (SVD). SVD is used in this paper to refer to the current outbreak in East Africa, whereas outbreaks of Zaire Ebolavirus disease or general references to Ebola are referred to as EVD. The current outbreak began in Mubende, Uganda, on 19 September 2022, approximately 240km from the Uganda-Tanzania border. It has since spread to nine Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization, its presence in the Ugandan capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. At the time of writing, there had been no cases of Ebola imported from Uganda into Tanzania. This brief provides details about cross-border relations, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and specific areas and actors most at risk. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, previous ethnographic research in Tanzania, and informal discussions with colleagues from the Tanzania’s Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC), Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Uganda Red Cross Society, Tanzania Red Cross Society (TRCS), International Organization for Migration (IOM), IFRC, US CDC and CDC Tanzania. The brief was developed by Shelley Lees and Mark Marchant (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) with support from Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh). Additional review and inputs were provided by The Tanzania Red Cross and UNICEF. The brief is the responsibility of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP).

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EdTech Hub, EdTech Hub. Technology and Teacher Professional Development in Tanzania: Research instruments pack. EdTech Hub, marzec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0148.

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Fitzpatrick, Rachael. Evidence on the Impact of Population Growth on Education Financing and Provision in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies, luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.072.

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Tanzania has made great strides in increasing enrolment rates amidst a rapidly growing population. However, despite gains made in primary enrolment, completion rates have not exceeded 70% in the past five years, and enrolment at secondary level remains low (37%). An analysis of expenditure suggests a lack of equitability in distribution of funds within the education sector. Having achieved near universal enrolment at primary level, since 2016 the Government of Tanzania has almost doubled spend on secondary education and increased spending on higher education. In the same period, however, spend per pupil at primary level has halved suggesting that budget is being directed away from pre-primary and primary education to fund secondary, with higher education slightly increasing. Furthermore, the Education Sector Analysis outlines that 35% of the education budget is spent on the top 10% highest educated in the system (Kahangwa et al. 2021, 168). In addition to disparities on spend by education level, regional differences persist in the number of classrooms, textbooks, desks and teacher shortages also exist. Despite current disparities and challenges, Tanzania’s economic growth in recent years suggests that, with increased commitment in minimum spending on education as a proportion of GDP, the education needs of the population could be met. However, this would assume continued economic growth and require a greater proportion of spend to be allocated to education, suggesting trade-offs may be required.

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Schipper, Youdi, Isaac Mbiti i Mauricio Romero. Designing and Testing a Scalable Teacher Incentive Programme in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), wrzesień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2022/044.

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School participation in Tanzania has increased dramatically over the past two decades: primary school enrolment increased from 4.9 million in 2001 to 10.9 million in 2020. While 81 percent of primary-school-age children are currently enrolled, over the last ten years, the primary completion rate has dropped and remains below 70 percent since 2015 (data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics).1 Despite improvements in enrolment, indicators of foundational learning remain low. According to the 2020 report of the Standard Two National Assessment (STNA), conducted by the National Examinations Council of Tanzania (NECTA), in 2019 five percent of Grade 2 students pass the benchmark for reading proficiency (“Can correctly read exactly 50 words of the passage in one minute and with 80 percent or higher comprehension”). The report finds that 17 percent of students pass the benchmark (80 percent correct) of the addition and subtraction sub-tasks. These outcomes are not the result of students’ lack of academic aspiration: according to the RISE Tanzania baseline survey, 73 percent of Grade 2 and 3 students say they would like to complete secondary school or university. In a recent report, the Global Education Evidence Advisory Panel (World Bank, 2020) asked what programmes and policies are the most cost-effective instruments for addressing the learning crisis and improving learning for all children. The report creates three categories: the “great buys” category includes programmes that provide very low-cost but salient information on the benefits, costs, and quality of education. The “good buys” category includes programmes that provide structured pedagogy, instruction targeted by learning level, merit-based scholarships and pre-school interventions. Finally, the category “promising but low-evidence” includes teacher accountability and incentive reforms. KiuFunza, a teacher performance pay programme in Tanzania, fits this last category. KiuFunza (shorthand for Kiu ya Kujifunza or Thirst to Learn) provides test-score linked cash incentives to teachers in Grades 1, 2, and 3 to increase foundational literacy and numeracy outcomes for students. The programme is managed by Twaweza East Africa, a Civil Society Organization, and was set up to provide evidence on the impact of teacher incentives in a series of experimental evaluations. This note discusses the rationale for teacher incentives in Tanzania, the design elements of KiuFunza and preliminary results for the most recent phase of KiuFunza (this phase was implemented in 2019-2021 and the impact evaluation is part of the RISE Tanzania research agenda).

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Isinika, Aida, Gilead Mlay, Ntengua Mdoe, Gideon Boniface, Christopher Magomba i Devotha Kilave. Rice Commercialisation Effects in Mngeta, Kilombero District, Tanzania: Identifying the Underlying Factors. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), wrzesień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.022.

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Rice production is the most dominant farming system in Kilombero valley in Morogoro region, Tanzania, accounting for more than 80 per cent of cultivated land within the valley. This paper examines changes in rice commercialisation and livelihood outcomes for different categories of farmers in the Mngeta division, Kilombero District, Tanzania. Understanding the underlying factors of agricultural commercialisation enables policymakers to ensure that policy interventions promote inclusive and equitable involvement of all farmers and other value chain actors, especially women and youths, who have been excluded from most development initiatives in the past.

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Mutabazi, Khamaldin, i Gideon Boniface. Commercialisation Pathways and Climate Change: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.046.

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The semi-arid drylands of central Tanzania have been characterised by low and erratic rainfall coupled with high evapotranspiration. Up until now, farmers of these local dryland farming systems have been able to cope with these climate conditions. However, climate change has led to new weather patterns that overwhelm traditional dryland farming practices and re-shape farmers’ commercialisation pathways. This paper explored the pathways in which smallholder farmers in Singida region in Tanzania engage with markets and commercialise in the face of climate change. The paper also examined how farm-level decisions on commercial crops and the commercialisation pathways they are part of, affect current and future resilience to climate change. Climate resilient commercialisation of smallholder dryland agriculture remains the centrepiece of inclusive sustainable development.

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Bhagawati, Rishiraj, Dolf J. H. te Lintelo, John Msuya i Tumaini Mikindo. Nutrition Accountability through Sub-National Scorecards in Tanzania – Policy Innovations and Field Realities. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.067.

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Over the past decade, the Government of Tanzania has paid increasing attention to accountability in its nutrition policies. This has coincided with the introduction of truly innovative efforts to advance and monitor government action towards and accountability for nutrition at subnational level. A multisectoral nutrition scorecard (MNS) has been rolled out across all districts in the country, with quarterly updates on district performance. Moreover, a Nutrition Compact instrument was introduced to incentivise senior civil servants within regional and district administrations to advance efforts to promote nutrition. This paper explores how the government has used these initiatives to give accountability a particular form and meaning, pertinent to context. The paper analyses a series of policy documents and complements analysis this with field-based interviews with local officials across five regions. We find that the MNS and Compact are designed predominantly for internal purposes of government. This renders ‘accountability tools’ largely in the service of a centralised state, advancing vertical accountability. Such a narrow framing and design inhibits the potential of these instruments for galvanising social accountability, whereby citizens can hold public service providers and subnational government actors to account directly.

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Cilliers, Jacobus, i Shardul Oza. The Motivations, Constraints, and Behaviour of Tanzania's Frontline Education Providers. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), listopad 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2020/023.

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In this note, we leverage data from a nationwide survey conducted in 2019 in Ethiopia to shed light on what Ward Education Officers do, their understanding of their own role, and the constraints they face in executing their responsibilities. We interviewed 397 WEOs responsible for primary schools across 23 districts and six regions of Tanzania as part of a baseline survey conducted between February and May 2019. This note contributes to a growing literature on the activities, self-perceptions, and motivation of public sector officials in charge of “last mile” service delivery. For example, Aiyar and Bhattacharya (2016) use time-use diaries, in-depth interviews, and quantitative data to understand the views, attitudes, and activities of sub-district education sector officials, called block education officers, in India.

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Niesten, Hannelore. Are Digital and Traditional Financial Services Taxed the Same? A Comprehensive Assessment of Tax Policies in Nine African Countries. Institute of Development Studies, kwiecień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.015.

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Several African countries have introduced taxes on digital financial services (DFS) during the past decade. Given the size and rapid growth of the telecom and DFS sector, DFS taxation is considered an opportunity to broaden the government’s revenue base. These recent developments need to be considered alongside the framework for taxation of traditional financial services (TFS) delivered by banks and other formal financial institutions – such as credit unions, insurance companies and microfinance institutions. The working paper analyses key legislative, tax and regulatory policy instruments, comparing the tax framework in nine countries in Africa: Burundi, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Summary of Working Paper 162 by Hannelore Niesten.

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Hodey, Louis, i Fred Dzanku. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Ghana. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.041.

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The COVID-19 crisis has disrupted food systems in Ghana since its emergence in the country in March 2020. According to the United Nations World Food Programme, the socio-economic impact of the pandemic caused by the imposition of restrictions on social and commercial activities appears to be more devastating than the actual virus in many countries. This study is part of the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa programme’s assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on food systems and livelihoods in Ghana and seven other African countries – Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Conducted between June–July 2020 and February–March 2021, the study seeks to estimate the potential impact of COVID-19 on food systems and livelihoods in south-western Ghana.

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