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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Overseas Security Advisory Council"
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Berman, Franklin. "Le service diplomatique britannique". Revue française d'administration publique 69, nr 1 (1994): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1994.2774.
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The British Diplomatie Service. The legal basis of the British Diplomatie Service has been established for the first time as such in by an order in council of 1964. The Foreign Secretary is assisted by a Private Office and political advisers. The Diplomatie Service Régulations define spécifie conditions of service concerning security, service abroad, dismissal, and political and public activities. The structure is very flexible. Where the FCO differs substantially from its foreign counterparts is that the departments are not grouped into fixed divisions. The Foreign Secretary is assisted by four ministers of State, one of them being the Minister for Overseas. Recently the decision has been taken to increase the autonomy of the Assistant Under-Secretaries. However the ultimate budgetary accountability to Parliament lies on the Permanent Under Secretary, head of the Diplomatie Service.
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Supotnitskiy, M. V., N. I. Shilo i V. A. Kovtun. "Chemical Weapons in the Iran-Iraq War (1980–1988). 4. The Destruction of Iraqi Chemical Weapons". Journal of NBC Protection Corps 4, nr 2 (19.06.2020): 131–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35825/2587-5728-2020-4-2-131-159.
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After the defeat of Iraqi army in Kuwait in February 1991, on April 3, the UN Security Council (UN Security Council) adopted Resolution 687, that «decides that Iraq shall unconditionally accept the destruction, removal, or rendering harmless, under international supervision, of: (a) All chemical and biological weapons and all stocks of agents and all related subsystems and components and all research, development, support and manufacturing facilities». This UN operation was not the first forced disarmament of vanquished by victors, but it gave great impetus to the completion of the work on the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, i.e. the destruction of an entire class of weapons of mass destruction. The aim of this article was to show the process of Iraqi`s chemical weapons destruction. The destruction of Iraqi chemical weapons included the formation of legal basis (United Nations Security Council Resolution 687); the establishment of the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) to inspect and oversee the destruction or elimination of Iraq’s chemical weapons directly on Iraqi territory; certain measures of political, economic (UN sanctions) and military coercion (the US and the UK military operation «Desert Fox»). In summer 1991, UNSCOM formed a Destruction Advisory Panel to develop technologies for the destruction of chemical weapons, toxic substances and their precursors. Their destruction was carried out in the period October 1992 to May 1994 on the territory of the Muthanna State Establishment. Sarin, cyclosarin, tabun and their precursors were destroyed by hydrolysis in aqueous alkaline solution using a repurposed production facility. Thus 76 tons of sarin and sarin/cyclosarin mixture, as well as 40 tons of tabun were destroyed. For the sulfur mustard, the high-temperature direct burning method was used at the special factory, established under the project of the Destruction Advisory Panel. Thus were destroyed around 400 tons of liquid sulfur mustard. Chemical munitions and containers, after the extraction of poisonous agents, were destroyed using a specially developed technique of explosive ventilation and burning. 30 chemical warheads for Al-Hussein ballistic missiles, 12,8 thousand 155-mm mustard shells, 40,5 thousand 122 mm rockets for MLRS, filled with sarin/cyclosarin, were destroyed. In general, UNSCOM managed to solve the problem of chemical disarmament of Iraq. The article describes in details the Iraq’s chemical weapons destruction technologies.
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Gramlich, Edward M. "Different Approaches for Dealing with Social Security". Journal of Economic Perspectives 10, nr 3 (1.08.1996): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.10.3.55.
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This paper discusses the report of the 1994 Quadrennial Advisory Council on Social Security, of which the author was chair. The system is out of long-term actuarial balance and, as a maturing defined benefit pay-as-you-go system, is giving younger cohorts ever lower returns on their payroll contributions. The council suggested three approaches--each of which involves higher national saving and a way to get some retirement funds invested in equities. One of these approaches preserves the present benefit structure, one shifts to large-scale individual accounts, and one is a hybrid.
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Glajcar, Rafał, i Łukasz Wielgosz. "The National Security Council (Rada Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego) – an advisory organ to the President of Poland?" Studia Politologiczne, nr 61/2021 (1.10.2021): 121–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2021.61.7.
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Poland’s National Security Council (Rada Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego, RBN) is defined in the country’s Constitution as organ doradczy Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w zakresie wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego bezpieczeństwa państwa (officially translating into: “the advisory organ to the President of the Republic regarding internal and external security of the State”). Against that background, this article uses analysis of policy practice as it seeks to explain whether the NSC truly plays that role of advisory organ, or is more in the nature of a coordinating-and-consulting body. To address this research topic, three areas have been identified for broader and deeper consideration, i.e. the means of selecting Council Members, the frequency with which Sittings have been convened, and the subject matter addressed at those Sittings.
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Velichko, Mykola. "The role of the national biosafety advisory council in the system of countering the challenges of the biological nature of France". Legal Ukraine, nr 1 (29.01.2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37749/2308-9636-2021-1(217)-6.
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The article examines the role of the National Advisory Council (hereinafter — the Council on Biosafety of France) and the legal support of its activities in order to use the positive experience of this country for Ukraine. The necessity of this study was the fact of updating and approval according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine № 560/2020 of 10.12.2020 of the personnel of the Commission on Biosafety and Biological Protection under the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. In addition to updating and approving the specified personnel of the Commission on Biosafety and Biological Protection, the regulatory framework for its activities has not been developed and adopted. Given the European integration direction of Ukraine, it is important to study and use the experience of such consultative organizations in the EU. Among the progressive EU countries in this regard is France. The motivation for choosing to study the legal basis for ensuring the activities of the National Advisory Council on Biosafety in the biosafety and biosecurity system of France was the following: — France is one of the economically developed countries of the EU; — in France, one of the highest world levels of development of medical and biological science and technology, especially in epidemiology; — The National Biosafety Advisory Board in the French biosafety and biosecurity system is effective. In addition, France is the depositary of the Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Similar Gases and Bacteriological Agents (Geneva, 17 June 1925), kept in the diplomatic archives of the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs. Based on the study of regulatory support (Decree signed by the Prime Minister of France № 2015—1095 of 31 August 2015) of the National Advisory Council on Biosafety in the biosafety and biosecurity system of France, the following conclusions were made: — France has established an effective advisory board, provided the legal basis for its activities, which defined the representative organizations, the status and term of office, rights and responsibilities of members of the organization and the ministries responsible for its functioning; — The experience of France on this issue can be useful for our country to improve the efficiency of the Commission on Biosafety and Biological Protection under the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. Key words: advisory council, commission, biological threats, biological risks, biological safety, biological protection, legal support.
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Nadash, Pamela. "THE RAISE FAMILY CAREGIVER ADVISORY COUNCIL: STRATEGIES TO BOLSTER CAREGIVERS’ FINANCIAL SECURITY". Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (1.11.2022): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1130.
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Abstract The RAISE Family Caregiving Advisory Council, created under the Recognize, Assist, Include, Support, and Engage (RAISE) Family Caregivers Act (2018) has been tasked to support the Secretary of Health and Human Services in developing a national family caregiving strategy. The Council began by (in 2021) identifying five key Goals critical to supporting family caregivers, which were reported to Congress in the Council’s Initial Report; the next step (in 2022) was to identify how these Goals are to be operationalized via specific actions, as well as the stakeholders that needed to be involved. This symposium discusses Goal 4, which states that “Family caregivers’ lifetime financial and employment security is protected and enhanced,” a goal incorporating diverse components, including federal legislation (expanding FMLA, for example), enhancing workplace security for working caregivers, and ways to pay family caregivers for providing supportive services. The first paper, by Salom Teshale, PhD, will provide an overview of the Council’s work and the strategies that have been chosen to support the overall national strategy. The second paper, by Eileen J. Tell, MPH, will describe strategies to improve the ability of caregivers to remain and thrive in the workplace. Pamela Nadash, PhD, will report on the research that identified the expansion of self-directed programs to incorporate payment for family caregivers as key, and the fourth paper by Rani Snyder will conclude by identifying the research needed to move these efforts forward. Greg Link of the Administration for Community Living will act as discussant.
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KOHEN, MARCELO G., i KATHERINE DEL MAR. "The Kosovo Advisory Opinion and UNSCR 1244 (1999): A Declaration of ‘Independence from International Law’?" Leiden Journal of International Law 24, nr 1 (11.02.2011): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156510000634.
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AbstractThis article focuses on the reasoning employed by the International Court of Justice in its Advisory Opinion rendered on 22 July 2010 with respect to the most formidable legal impasse of the accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence: the lex specialis that applied at the critical date, and which the Court affirmed continues to apply to Kosovo, as established by the United Nations Security Council in its Resolution 1244 (1999). The Court's analysis of the applicable lex specialis is questionable. Its analysis was coloured by the narrow approach it took to answering the question it was asked to address. It queried an unambiguous factual qualification made by the General Assembly, and it disregarded factual qualifications made by the Secretary-General, his Special Representative, and indeed all relevant actors. It failed to uphold the legally binding provisions of Security Council Resolution 1244, and it did not qualify as unlawful or invalid an act of a subsidiary body of the Security Council that was undertaken in excess of authority and contrary to the fundamental provisions of that Resolution. The resolute conclusion of the majority of the Court that the unilateral declaration of independence did not violate international law seems to read as a declaration of ‘independence from international law’.
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TEPLYAKOVA, Olga A., i Artem A. Kostyukov. "ON THE STATUS OF ADVISORY AND COORDINATING BODIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION". Tyumen State University Herald. Social, Economic, and Law Research 7, nr 2 (2021): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-7897-2021-7-2-122-134.
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The article provides a brief analysis of the legal status of the advisory bodies operating in the Russian Federation. In particular, the article analyzes the provisions of regulatory legal acts governing the activities of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, the State Council of the Russian Federation, as well as the Council of Control and Accounting Bodies under the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation as a special advisory body existing within the structure of external state and municipal financial control bodies. The status of constitutional advisory bodies is considered separately, including in the context of current changes in Russian legislation. In addition, the author notes the interconnection of the implementation problems of the separation principle of powers both in the corresponding classification context of state bodies, and in relation to the determination of the advisory legal status bodies, their place in the public authority system of the Russian Federation. An assumption is also made regarding a number of provisions of the draft law which is under consideration by the State Duma of the Russian Federation in the status terms of the State Council decisions of the Russian Federation. Public chambers and Public councils are separated into a separate group of advisory bodies. In the study of the issue, classical general scientific methods of cognition were used, in particular: analysis, generalization and synthesis. The authors also applied a modern synergistic approach that is increasingly used in social science research. The conclusion is made that at present there is a growing need for more comprehensive and in-depth studies of the advisory bodies institute of the Russian Federation, in particular, devoted to the issues of their classification and typology, both due to the increasing importance of these bodies in the public administration system, and due to the number of criteria for using these methods.
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XUE, Jianyue, i Gang CHEN. "China’s Massive Restructuring of Party and State Apparatus in 2018". East Asian Policy 10, nr 03 (lipiec 2018): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930518000272.
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The Communist Party of China has embarked on a massive restructuring of the Party and state institutions. The Party has strengthened its grip over the state, taking over six State Council institutions that had previously dealt with the work of civil servants, the media, ethnic affairs, religious affairs, overseas Chinese affairs, and computer network and information security. At the state level, seven ministries were created while six ministries were abolished.
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Orakhelashvili, Alexander. "Kosovo: The Post-advisory Opinion Stage". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 22, nr 4 (27.10.2015): 486–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02204003.
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The Unilateral Declaration of Independence by Kosovar authorities in Pristina in 2008 has generated heavy legal and political controversies. The delivery by the International Court of Justice of its advisory opinion on Kosovo unilateral declaration of independence in 2010 has not led to the elimination of unilateralist positions as to Kosovo’s status. Such unilateralist approach, favouring Kosovo’s independence either in principle or in practice, has since been adopted by the local Kosovar authorities, a number of governments and by the European Union. This contribution addresses the merit of such unilateralist positions and examines whether these positions could adversely affect the legal position as to Kosovo’s status under general international law as well as un Security Council resolution 1244 (1999).
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Overseas Security Advisory Council"
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Gibson, James Edward. "The Last Council: Social Security Policymaking as Coalitional Consensus and the 1994-1996 Advisory Council as Institutional Turning Point". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28273.
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This dissertation traces Social Security policymaking through most of its post-enactment history in search of ideational processes and schema in path-dependent, path-shaping, and path-breaking modes of institutional persistence and change. The study is grounded in the historical institutionalist literature, specifically the recent debate about the utility of path dependence frameworks in incorporating institutional change, with a particular focus on ideas as stimuli.
As a case for tracing path-dependent policy processes, Social Security is overbroad. This breadth requires focusing more narrowly on the interaction between the major coalitions, business/conservative and liberal/labor, on retirement and disability pension (but not health care) issues through the venue of Social Security Advisory Councils. Council is used as a catch-all label for the six-decade succession of (mostly) citizen groups appointed by the secretary of HEW, Senate Finance Committee, and, in one case, the president to deliberate questions of Social Security policy and recommend changes, often enacted into law.
A pattern-matching analysis points to a moderate level of path dependence, indicating that the exchange of ideas between coalitions fits the larger consensual pattern of give and take around an existing arrangement. An ideational narrative reveals early negotiations over the emphasis placed on equity versus adequacy, with manifestly ideational exchanges in the 1996 Council's deliberations marking a turning point in the coalitional interaction.
A key implication of this research for the application of path dependence frameworks to U.S. political institutions like Social Security is to buttress moderate path dependence arguments, for instance, those advanced by Hacker and Pierson (2002), and to discount the relevance of path-shaping narratives that have been fashioned from European examples (Cox 2004). Yet the research also modifies understanding of path dependence as a self-perpetuating function of increasing returns by identifying an ideational strand that bound both coalitions to social insurance principles. Path-breaking developments apparent in the 1996 Council further implicated new ideas as institutional factors contributing to the loss of historical consensus on Social Security, bolstering the notion of ideational processes as an element of institutional persistence and pressing the argument for further research into ideas as dynamic elements fostering institutional change.Ph. D.
Książki na temat "Overseas Security Advisory Council"
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United States. Dept. of State. Bureau of Diplomatic Security, red. OSAC: The Overseas Security Advisory Council. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security, 1988.
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), Overseas Schools Advisory Council (U S. Overseas Schools Advisory Council: Who supports it? Why should I? [Washington, D.C.]: The Department, 1994.
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), Overseas Schools Advisory Council (U S. Overseas Schools Advisory Council: Who supports it? Why should I? [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of State, 1991.
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Overseas Schools Advisory Council (U.S.). Overseas Schools Advisory Council: Who supports it? Why should I? [Washington, D.C.]: The Department, 1994.
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Overseas Schools Advisory Council (U.S.). Overseas Schools Advisory Council: Who supports it? why should I? [Washington, D.C.]: The Department, 1994.
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United States. Advisory Council on Social Security (1989-1991). Social Security Technical Panel. Report to the 1991 Advisory Council on Social Security. Washington, D.C: The Council, 1991.
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(1994-1996), United States Advisory Council on Social Security. Report of the 1994-1996 Advisory Council on Social Security. Washington, D.C: The Council, 1997.
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United States. Advisory Council on Social Security (1994-1996). Report of the 1994-1996 Advisory Council on Social Security. Washington, DC: The Council, 1997.
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United States. Advisory Council on Social Security (1994-1996). Report of the 1994-1996 Advisory Council on Social Security. Washington, D.C: The Council, 1997.
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Disability Advisory Council (U.S.). Report of the Disability Advisory Council. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Social Security Administration, 1988.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Overseas Security Advisory Council"
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Franczak, Michael. "Interdependence, Development, and Jimmy Carter". W Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s, 95–117. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501763915.003.0005.
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This chapter focuses on the Carter administration's approach to the New International Economic Order (NIEO), which was at once comprehensive and chaotic. It describes how Jimmy Carter went from being a little-known southern governor to US president through two important influences on his approach to foreign affairs. First, the chapter details the Trilateral Commission, led by his future national security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. It then examines the Overseas Development Council (ODC), an influential Washington-based think tank that also provided Carter with a number of new hires. The chapter argues that the starting point for Carter's post-Vietnam foreign policy was the Trilateral Commission's idea of an interdependent world divided between North and South. It investigates how the ODC's promotion of a model of development based on meeting “basic human needs” became a major part of his administration's approach to human rights.
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Fung, Courtney J. "Chinese-Language Discourse on Regime Change". W China and Intervention at the UN Security Council, 29–36. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842743.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 uses an original dataset of Chinese-language sources to understand Chinese views on the connection between regime change and intervention, and unpacks why China finds regime change so problematic. Unlike intervention, which may be permissible under specific conditions, regime change is systematically dismissed. China’s controversies over regime change fall into five categories: defining which actor has the authority to impose regime change; critiques about the aftermath of regime change; misgivings about how regime change affects China’s overseas interests, the role of the United Nations in executing regime change, and how regime change presents challenges to China’s core interests. Most importantly, Chinese writings reflect concerns regarding cases of regime change setting a precedent for actions against China. This chapter adds to an emerging literature that discusses the issue of regime change for China’s foreign policy behavior.
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Jones, Howard. "The Joint U.S. Military Advisory and Planning Group". W “A New Kind of War ”, 107–22. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195113853.003.0007.
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Abstract By early November the Truman administration was moving toward the establishment of an advisory and planning group in Greece. Following the President’s approval of the program, the National Security Council worked out the details. The group would be comprised of ninety officers and eighty enlisted men divided among the army, navy, and air force, and would be part of the military section of the aid mission but have direct communications with the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The head of USAGG as senior army officer would be director of planning and operations and responsible to the chief of the American mission. Final authority, however, would rest with the ambassador, who would approve decisions and continue to deal with the Athens government on high policy. Military matters relating to such policy would come to his attention by the director and through the mission chief’s office. Forrestal, now secretary of defense, directed the joint chiefs to select the men for the operational advisory task force.
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Cardozo, Nelson, i Paola Ferrari. "Policy analysis by national government advisory councils: knowledge production and its role in policy design and implementation". W Policy Analysis in Argentina, redaktorzy Nelson Cardozo i Pablo Bulcourf, 199–214. Policy Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447364900.003.0013.
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This chapter seeks to analyze the knowledge production by the councils and other similar instances at the national level. Traditionally, the process of formulating public policy has been highly focused on executive bodies with strong decisionist patterns from the presidency and the governing party. For this reason, the production of public policies in the legislative bodies in our country rests with the committees of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Thus, there was no stable body of congressional advisors to produce documents, reports, and publications on public policy. The agencies we will take are: the National Council for Quality in Education; the Federal Health Council; the National Council for the Coordination of Social Policies; the Federal Investment Council; and, finally, the Secretariat of Social Security – which has a great academic production on the subject. To this end, we will review the reports, books, working papers, journals, and conferences that these agencies have produced. We will focus on social policies, which are the main policy area of our national government. Finally, from this study we will make a brief state of the art of the production on the country’s four major sectoral policies: social welfare, health, education, and infrastructure.
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Thirlway, Hugh. "19. The International Court of Justice". W International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198791836.003.0019.
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The International Court of Justice (ICJ), which is defined in the UN Charter as the ‘principal judicial organ’ of the United Nations, is a standing mechanism for the peaceful settlement of disputes between States. It may also give advisory opinions on the law, at the request of the Security Council and General Assembly, or of other UN organs and specialized agencies that are so authorized by the General Assembly. No dispute can be the subject of a decision of the Court unless the States parties to it have consented to the Court’s jurisdiction over that specific dispute. This chapter discusses the history, structure, and composition of the Court, the ways in which jurisdiction is conferred upon it, its procedure, and the nature and effect of decisions (judgments and advisory opinions) of the ICJ.
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"Index of Resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council of the United Nations". W International Court of Justice, Digest of Judgments and Advisory Opinions, Canon and Case Law 1946 - 2012 (2 Vols.), 1848–50. Brill | Nijhoff, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004230637_007.
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Henriksen, Anders. "12. The peaceful settlement of disputes". W International Law, 235–53. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198828723.003.0012.
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This chapter discusses some of the more relevant methods for peaceful dispute settlement. It begins by introducing a number of non-adjudicatory settlement mechanisms and providing a brief overview of the role played by the UN. It then discusses the adjudicatory means of settling disputes, including international arbitration; the competences and powers of the International Court of Justice; issues of access to the Court and the Court’s jurisdiction in contentious cases; the power of the Court to issue provisional measures; the effects of the Court’s decisions; the relationship between the Court and the UN Security Council; and the Court’s competence to issue advisory opinions.
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Henriksen, Anders. "12. The peaceful settlement of disputes". W International Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198753018.003.0012.
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This chapter discusses some of the more relevant methods for peaceful dispute settlement. It begins by introducing a number of non-adjudicatory settlement mechanisms and providing a brief overview of the role played by the UN. It then discusses the adjudicatory means of settling disputes, including international arbitration; the competences and powers of the International Court of Justice; issues of access to the Court and the Court's jurisdiction in contentious cases; the power of the Court to issue provisional measures; the effects of the Court's decisions; the relationship between the Court and the UN Security Council; and the Court's competence to issue advisory opinions.
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Henriksen, Anders. "12. The peaceful settlement of disputes". W International Law, 232–50. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198869399.003.0012.
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This chapter discusses some of the more relevant methods for peaceful dispute settlement. It begins by introducing a number of non-adjudicatory settlement mechanisms and providing a brief overview of the role played by the UN. It then discusses the adjudicatory means of settling disputes, including international arbitration; the competences and powers of the International Court of Justice; issues of access to the Court and the Court’s jurisdiction in contentious cases; the power of the Court to issue provisional measures; the effects of the Court’s decisions; the relationship between the Court and the UN Security Council; and the Court’s competence to issue advisory opinions.
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Henriksen, Anders. "12. The peaceful settlement of disputes". W International Law, 239–57. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192870087.003.0012.
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This chapter discusses some of the more relevant methods for peaceful dispute settlement. It begins by introducing a number of non-adjudicatory settlement mechanisms and providing a brief overview of the role played by the UN. It then discusses the adjudicatory means of settling disputes, including international arbitration; the competences and powers of the International Court of Justice; issues of access to the Court and the Court’s jurisdiction in contentious cases; the power of the Court to issue provisional measures; the effects of the Court’s decisions; the relationship between the Court and the UN Security Council; and the Court’s competence to issue advisory opinions.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Overseas Security Advisory Council"
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Hess, Susan M. "Outreach and Education to Ensure a Clean Energy Future for All". W ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59339.
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As the nuclear industry continues to grow throughout the world, we find that support from government officials, local business leaders and the general public is becoming more and more important. In order to help raise awareness and inform these various publics, AREVA expanded upon a best practice from its worldwide operations and recently established a Community Advisory Council in the United States. The member organizations represent a variety of grassroots and minority organizations from across the United States and are active in various ways in local, state and federal arenas. AREVA’s objective for the Council is simple — listen to concerns, engage in dialogue and raise awareness about the intrinsic link existing between energy, CO2 emissions, global warming, and economic growth, so these same people can make decisions when it comes to energy sources in the future. We want our members to help us better understand their communities, listen to their concerns and answer their questions openly and honestly. AREVA understands that this outreach and education are just the first steps toward helping clean energy sources grow. We must maintain regular dialog and operate in a safe manner, because in the long run, it is these community members who will ensure energy security for the country. And it is only by working together as an industry that we can ensure a safe, clean air future for generations to come, no matter where in the world we live.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Overseas Security Advisory Council"
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Considine, Jennifer, Philipp Galkin, Majed AlSuwailem i Abdullah Aldayel. Reconsidering Inventories: An International Strategy for Strategic Storage Assets. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, wrzesień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2023-dp17.
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The purpose of this report is to recommend an interconnected regional and international strategy to share the burden of developing and maintaining commercial and strategic storage infrastructure for Saudi crude oil and products through an alliance with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and other countries. If properly implemented, the project has the capacity to enhance the security of oil supply throughout the transition to a green economy. Such enhancement can be achieved through the centralized tracking and management of commercial and strategic stockpiles overseas. The initiative will forge new links in the global supply chain for crude oil and liquids and reveal new forms of financing for strategic petroleum reserves (SPRs).
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Conrad, Cyler. Amendment to Programmatic Agreement among the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Los Alamos Field Office, the New Mexico State Historic Preservation Office and the Advisory Council on History Preservation Concerning Management of the Historic Properties of Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico (AGREEMENT). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1879364.
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Doorley, Karina, i Dora Tuda. Increasing Pay Related Social Insurance to fund the State Pension: Incidence and effectiveness. ESRI, czerwiec 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/bp202501.
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Demographic change is putting pressure on the sustainability of State Pension systems in many developed countries. In Ireland, there have been recent calls to reform the system of contributions and/or increase the State Pension age in order to avoid significant shortfalls in the Social Insurance Fund (SIF), out of which the State Pension is paid. The Government of Ireland has committed to retaining the State Pension age at 66. In order to achieve this and maintain the viability of the SIF, it has also committed to increasing social security contributions through the Roadmap of Increases to Pay Related Social Insurance (PRSI), which will occur between 2024 and 2028. Using SWITCH, the ESRI’s microsimulation model for Ireland, this paper assesses the consequences of these planned reforms, focussing on the amount of revenue they will raise, on the distribution of income and on financial incentives to work. Our analysis shows that the reforms proposed by the Roadmap will result in revenue gains of €1.6 billion per annum by 2028. The reforms are progressive in nature, affecting high income households by more than low-income households. They affect men by slightly more than women due to their higher labour market participation. Across age-cohorts, the incomes of those aged 25-54 are estimated decrease the most. We estimate that the reforms will increase poverty rates slightly, particularly the child poverty rate. The proposed reforms slightly decrease the financial incentive to work, particularly for those in low-income households. We argue that further reform will be needed beyond 2028 to ensure the continued viability of the SIF, and suggest that policymakers may wish to consider some of the more structural reforms to PRSI and the SIF proposed by the Commission on Taxation and Welfare, the Commission on Pensions and the Irish Fiscal Advisory Council.
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Cvijić, Srdjan, Nikola Dimitrov, Leposava Ognjanoska Stavrovska i Ivana Ranković. Bilateral Disputes and EU enlargement: A Consensual Divorce. Belgrade Centre for Security Policy, maj 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55042/xubk6023.
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Bilateral disputes between European Union member states and candidate countries are one of the key obstacles to EU enlargement. They have been plaguing the EU accession process ever since the breakup of Yugoslavia and the subsequent border dispute between EU member Slovenia and candidate country Croatia which then ensued. More recently we have the case of North Macedonia. It became a candidate country in 2005 but ever since, its accession negotiations have been bogged down by endless bilateral disputes. While the case of North Macedonia and its decades long conflicts with Greece and Bulgaria are the most well-known of such cases, they are not the only ones. In a seminal 2018 publication the Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (BIEPAG) outlined the most prominent “open” or “latent” disputes between EU member states and candidate countries in the Western Balkans. Ranging from border to territorial disputes, or ones concerning the status of national minorities, four out of five candidate countries in the region – Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia or Serbia, has a bilateral dispute with one or more EU member states. If you look at new candidates Ukraine and Moldova and potential candidate Georgia however, the list of active or potential bilateral disputes is even longer. Even when a candidate country meets the criteria to progress in EU accession talks, bilateral disputes can delay it for years or even decades as in the case of North Macedonia. In this way such disputes present a serious challenge to the credibility of the EU enlargement process. In the context of the war in Ukraine, as we have seen with regard to the policies of Viktor Orbán’s Hungary towards Ukraine, invoking bilateral disputes can seriously challenge the geopolitical orientation and the security of the entire Union. On the legal side, since most of these issues fall outside the scope of the EU law and are not covered by the accession criteria, there is a need to think of an institutional mechanism to deal with bilateral disputes. Enlargement policy does not offer an appropriate platform for settlement of bilateral disputes, especially for those that fall outside the EU law. Hence, these issues should be addressed via the international legal dispute resolution toolbox and thus be subjects of separate processes. The EU’s role however cannot be passive. It should invest efforts in these processes in order for them to be mutually reinforcing and so that the accession process has a mollifying rather than tension amplifying effect on the issue. In its policy brief, published at the end of 2023, the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) proposed updating the Copenhagen criteria such that they should include a stipulation to resolve bilateral issues between member states and candidate countries through external dispute resolution mechanisms: Territorial disputes should be referred to arbitration or the International Court of Justice, while those on minority rights should be dealt with by the European Court of Human Rights and other appropriate dispute settlement mechanisms. In this policy brief we suggest ways how to operationalise this proposal. First, we describe different types of vertical bilateral disputes (the ones that include asymmetrical relations) between EU members and Western Balkan candidate countries, then we outline international mechanisms to resolve them, and finally we propose an institutional architecture to remove bilateral disputes that fall outside of the scope of the Copenhagen criteria and the EU acquis from the purview of EU accession talks.